IPv6 Configuration Guide 2910al ProCurve Switches W.14.03 www.procurve.
HP ProCurve 2910al Switch February 2009 W.14.
© Copyright 2009 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change with out notice. All Rights Reserved. Disclaimer This document contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated into another language without the prior written consent of HewlettPackard.
Contents About Your Switch Manual Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Printed Publications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Electronic Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Software Feature Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii 1 Getting Started Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 Introduction to IPv6 Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Migrating to IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 IPv6 Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Dual-Stack Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15 Loopback Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15 Debug/Syslog Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15 IPv6 Scalability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Global Unicast Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16 Stateless Autoconfiguration of a Global Unicast Address . . . . . . . . . 3-16 Static Configuration of a Global Unicast Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 Prefixes in Routable IPv6 Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18 Unique Local Unicast IPv6 Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 Anycast Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Statically Configuring An Anycast Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) for Statically Configured Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16 Disabling IPv6 on a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16 Neighbor Discovery (ND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17 Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viewing the Current Inbound Telnet6 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8 SNTP and Timep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9 Configuring (Enabling or Disabling) the SNTP Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9 Configuring an IPv6 Address for an SNTP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 Configuring (Enabling or Disabling) the Timep Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12 TFTP File Transfers Over IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2 Introduction to MLD Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 Configuring MLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A Terminology Index x
Product Documentation About Your Switch Manual Set Note For the latest version of all ProCurve switch documentation, including Release Notes covering recently added features, please visit the ProCurve Networking Web site at www.procurve.com, click on Customer Care, and then click on Manuals. Printed Publications The publications listed below are printed and shipped with your switch.
Software Feature Index For the software manual set supporting your 2910al switch model, this feature index indicates which manual to consult for information on a given software feature. Note This Index does not cover IPv6 capable software features. For information on IPv6 protocol operations and features (such as DHCPv6, DNS for IPv6, Ping6, and MLD Snooping), refer to the IPv6 Configuration Guide. Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management Advanced and Traffic Configuration Management 802.
Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management Advanced and Traffic Configuration Management DHCP/Bootp Operation X Diagnostic Tools X Downloading Software X Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide Dynamic ARP Protection X Dynamic Configuration Arbiter X Eavesdrop Protection X Event Log X Factory Default Settings X Flow Control (802.
Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management Advanced and Traffic Configuration Management Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide MAC Lockdown X MAC Lockout X MAC-based Authentication X Management VLAN Monitoring and Analysis X X Multicast Filtering X Multiple Configuration Files X Network Management Applications (SNMP) X OpenView Device Management X Passwords and Password Clear Protection X ProCurve Manager (PCM) X Ping X Port Configuration X Port Monitoring X Por
Intelligent Edge Software Features RMON 1,2,3,9 Manual Management Advanced and Traffic Configuration Management Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide X Routing X Routing - IP Static X Secure Copy X sFlow X SFTP X SNMPv3 X Software Downloads (SCP/SFTP, TFPT, Xmodem) X Source-Port Filters X Spanning Tree (STP, RSTP, MSTP) X SSHv2 (Secure Shell) Encryption X SSL (Secure Socket Layer) X Stack Management (3500yl/6200yl switches only) X Syslog X System Information X TACACS+
Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management Advanced and Traffic Configuration Management Voice VLAN Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide X Web Authentication RADIUS Support X Web-based Authentication X Web UI X Xmodem X xvi
1 Getting Started Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Command Syntax Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Command Prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Screen Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Getting Started Introduction Introduction This guide is intended for use with the following switches: ■ HP ProCurve 2910al Switch It describes how to use the command line interface (CLI), Menu interface, and web browser to configure, manage, monitor, and troubleshoot switch opera tion. For an overview of other product documentation for the above switches, refer to “Product Documentation” on page xi. You can download documenta tion from the ProCurve Networking web site, www.procurve.com.
Getting Started Conventions ■ Boldface indicates use of a CLI command, part of a CLI command syntax, or other displayed element in general text. For example: “Use the copy tftp command to download the key from a TFTP server.” ■ Italics indicate variables for which you must supply a value when execut ing the command.
Getting Started Sources for More Information Keys Simulations of actual keys use a bold, sans-serif typeface with square brackets. For example, the Tab key appears as [Tab] and the “Y” key appears as [Y]. Sources for More Information For information about switch operation and features not covered in this guide, consult the following sources: ■ Note Feature Index—For information on which manual to consult for a given software feature, refer to the “Software Feature Index” on page xii.
Getting Started Sources for More Information • • • ■ Advanced Traffic Management Guide—Use this guide for information on topics such as: • ■ ■ ■ port configuration, trunking, traffic control, and PoE operation SNMP, LLDP, and other network management topics file transfers, switch monitoring, troubleshooting, and MAC address management VLANs: Static port-based and protocol VLANs, and dynamic GVRP VLANs • spanning-Tree: 802.1D (STP), 802.1w (RSTP), and 802.
Getting Started Sources for More Information Getting Documentation From the Web To obtain the latest versions of documentation and release notes for your switch: 1. Go to the ProCurve Networking web site at www.procurve.com 2. Click on Customer Care. 3. Click on Manuals. 4. Click on the product for which you want to view or download a manual. If you need further information on ProCurve switch technology, visit the ProCurve Networking web site at: www.procurve.
Getting Started Sources for More Information Command Line Interface If you need information on a specific command in the CLI, type the command name followed by help. For example: Figure 1-3. Example of CLI Help Web Browser Interface If you need information on specific features in the ProCurve Web Browser Interface (hereafter referred to as the “web browser interface”), use the online Help. You can access the Help by clicking on the Help text on top right side of any of the web browser interface screens.
Getting Started Need Only a Quick Start? Need Only a Quick Start? IP Addressing If you just want to give the switch an IP address so that it can communicate on your network, or if you are not using VLANs, ProCurve recommends that you use the Switch Setup screen to quickly configure IP addressing. To do so, do one of the following: ■ Enter setup at the CLI Manager level prompt. Procurve# setup ■ In the Main Menu of the Menu interface, select 8.
2 Introduction to IPv6 Contents Migrating to IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 IPv6 Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Dual-Stack Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Connecting to Devices Supporting IPv6 Over IPv4 Tunneling . . . . . . 2-5 Information Sources for Tunneling IPv6 Over IPv4 . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction to IPv6 Contents ICMP Rate-Limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13 Ping6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13 Traceroute6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13 Domain Name System (DNS) Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) Controls . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction to IPv6 Migrating to IPv6 Migrating to IPv6 To successfully migrate to IPv6 involves maintaining compatibility with the large installed base of IPv4 hosts and routers for the immediate future. To achieve this purpose, software release K.13.01 supports dual-stack (IPv4/IPv6) operation and connections to IPv6-aware routers for routing IPv6 traffic between VLANs and across IPv4 networks. Note Software release K.13.
Introduction to IPv6 Migrating to IPv6 IPv6 Propagation IPv6 is currently in the early stages of deployment worldwide, involving a phased-in migration led by the application of basic IPv6 functionality. In these applications, IPv6 traffic is switched among IPv6-capable devices on a given LAN, and routed between LANs using IPv6-capable routers.
Introduction to IPv6 Migrating to IPv6 Connecting to Devices Supporting IPv6 Over IPv4 Tunneling The switches covered by this guide can interoperate with IPv6/IPv4 devices capable of tunneling IPv6 traffic across an IPv4 infrastructure. Some examples include: Note ■ traffic between IPv6/IPv4 routers (router/router) ■ traffic between an IPv6/IPv4 router and an IPv6/IPv4 host capable of tunneling (router/host) Tunneling requires an IPv6-capable router. A switch running software release K.13.
Introduction to IPv6 Use Model Use Model Adding IPv6 Capability IPv6 was designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to improve on the scalability, security, ease of configuration, and network management capabilities of IPv4. IPv6 provides increased flexibility and connectivity for existing networked devices, addresses the limited address availability inherent in IPv4, and the infrastructure for the next wave of Internet devices, such as PDAs, mobile phones and appliances.
Introduction to IPv6 Configuration and Management The next three sections outline the IPv6 features supported in software release K.13.01. Configuration and Management This section outlines the configurable management features supporting IPv6 operation on your ProCurve IPv6-ready switch. Management Features Software release K.13.
Introduction to IPv6 Configuration and Management and the interface identifier currently in use in the link-local address. Having a global unicast address and a connection to an IPv6- aware router enables IPv6 traffic on a VLAN to be routed to other VLANs supporting IPv6-aware devices. (Using software release K.13.01, an external, IPv6- aware router is required to forward traffic between VLANs.) Multiple, global unicast addresses can be configured on a VLAN that receives RAs specifying different prefixes.
Introduction to IPv6 Configuration and Management Note In IPv6 for the switches covered in this guide, the default route cannot be statically configured. Also, DHCPv6 does not include default route configura tion.) Refer to “Default IPv6 Router” on page 4-28 and “View IPv6 Gateway, Route, and Router Neighbors ” on page 4-29.
Introduction to IPv6 Configuration and Management IPv6 Management Features The switch's IPv6 management features support operation in an environment employing IPv6 servers and management stations.With a link to a properly configured IPv6 router, switch management extends to routed traffic solu tions. (Refer to the documentation provided for the IPv6 router.) Otherwise, IPv6 management for the switches covered by this guide are dependent on switched management traffic solutions.
Introduction to IPv6 Configurable IPv6 Security IP Preserve IP Preserve operation preserves both the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses configured on VLAN 1 (the default VLAN) when a configuration file is downloaded to the switch using TFTP. Refer to “IP Preserve for IPv6” on page 5-23. Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) MLD operates in a manner similar to IGMP in IPv4 networks.
Introduction to IPv6 Configurable IPv6 Security supported between the switch and IPv6 management stations when SSH on the switch is also configured for IPv6 operation.
Introduction to IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Caution The Authorized IP Managers feature does not protect against unauthorized station access through a modem or direct connection to the Console (RS-232) port. Also, if an unauthorized station “spoofs” an authorized IP address, then the unauthorized station cannot be blocked by the Authorized IP Managers feature, even if a duplicate IP address condition exists.
Introduction to IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Domain Name System (DNS) Resolution This feature enables resolving a host name to an IPv6 address and the reverse, and takes on added importance over its IPv4 counterpart due to the extended length of IPv6 addresses. With DNS-compatible commands, CLI command entry becomes easier for reaching a device whose IPv6 address is configured with a host name counterpart on a DNS server. Software release K.13.
Introduction to IPv6 IPv6 Scalability SNMP When IPv6 is enabled on a VLAN interface, you can manage the switch from a network management station configured with an IPv6 address. Refer to “SNMP Management for IPv6” on page 5-20. Loopback Address Like the IPv4 loopback address, the IPv6 loopback address (::1) can be used by the switch to send an IPv6 packet to itself. However, the IPv6 loopback address is implicit on a VLAN and cannot be statically configured on any VLAN.
Introduction to IPv6 Path MTU (PMTU) Discovery Path MTU (PMTU) Discovery IPv6 PMTU operation is managed automatically by the IPv6 nodes between the source and destination of a transmission. For Ethernet frames, the default MTU is 1500 bytes. If a router on the path cannot forward the default MTU size, it sends an ICMPv6 message (PKT_TOO_BIG) with the recommended MTU to the sender of the frame.
3 IPv6 Addressing Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 IPv6 Address Structure and Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 Address Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 Address Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 Network Prefix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPv6 Addressing Contents Prefixes in Routable IPv6 Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18 Unique Local Unicast IPv6 Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19 Anycast Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20 Multicast Application to IPv6 Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21 Overview of the Multicast Operation in IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPv6 Addressing Introduction Introduction IPv6 supports multiple addresses on an interface, and uses them in a manner comparable to subnetting an IPv4 VLAN. For example, where the switch is configured with multiple VLANs and each is connected to an IPv6 router, each VLAN will have a single link-local address and one or more global unicast addresses. This section describes IPv6 addressing and outlines the options for configuring IPv6 addressing on the switch.
IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Address Structure and Format An IPv6 address includes a network prefix and an interface identifier. Network Prefix The network prefix (high-order bits) in an IPv6 address begins with a wellknown, fixed prefix for defining the address type.
IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Addressing Options IPv6 Addressing Options IPv6 Address Sources IPv6 addressing sources provide a flexible methodology for assigning addresses to VLAN interfaces on the switch.
IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Addressing Options Stateful Address Autoconfiguration. This method allows use of a DHCPv6 server to automatically configure IPv6 addressing on a host in a manner similar to stateful IP addressing with a DHCPv4 server. For software release K.13.01, a DHCPv6 server can provide routable IPv6 addressing and NTP (timep) server addresses.
IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Address Sources IPv6 Address Sources IPv6 addressing sources provide a flexible methodology for assigning addresses to VLAN interfaces on the switch.
IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Address Sources servers. These lifetimes cannot be reset using control from the switch console or SNMP methods. Refer to “Preferred and Valid Address Lifetimes” on page 3 25. Stateful (DHCPv6) Address Configuration Stateful addresses are defined by a system administrator or other authority, and automatically assigned to the switch and other devices through the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv6).
IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Address Sources Static Address Configuration Generally, static address configuration should be used when you want specific, non-default addressing to be assigned to a VLAN interface.
IPv6 Addressing Address Types and Scope Address Types and Scope Address Types IPv6 uses these IP address types: Note ■ Unicast: Identifies a specific IPv6 interface. Traffic having a unicast destination address is intended for a single interface. Like IPv4 addresses, unicast addresses can be assigned to a specific VLAN on the switch and to other IPv6 devices connected to the switch. At a minimum, a given interface must have at least a link-local address.
IPv6 Addressing Address Types and Scope Address Scope The address scope determines the area (topology) in which a given IPv6 address is used. This section provides an overview of IPv6 address types. For more information, refer to the chapter titled “IPv6 Addressing”. Link-Local Address. Limited to a given interface (VLAN). Enabling IPv6 on a given VLAN automatically generates a link-local address used for switched traffic on the VLAN. Global Unicast Address.
IPv6 Addressing Address Types and Scope In binary notation, the fixed prefix for link-local prefixes is: 1111 1110 10 = fe80/10 For more on link-local addresses, refer to “Link-Local Unicast Address” on page 3-13. Routable Global Unicast Prefix. This well-known 3-bit fixed-prefix indi cates a routable address used to identify a device on a VLAN interface that is accessible by routing from multiple networks. The complete prefix is 64 bits, followed by a 64-bit interface identifier.
IPv6 Addressing Link-Local Unicast Address Other Prefix Types.
IPv6 Addressing Link-Local Unicast Address Because all VLANs configured on the switch use the same MAC address, all automatically generated link-local addresses on the switch will have the same link-local address. However, since the scope of a link-local address includes only the VLAN on which it was generated, this should not be a problem.
IPv6 Addressing Link-Local Unicast Address MAC Address IPv6 I/F Identifier Full Link-Local Unicast Address 00-15-60-7a-ad-c0 215:60ff:fe7a:adc0 fe80::215:60ff:fe7a:adc0/64 09-c1-8a-44-b4-9d 11c1:8aff:fe44:b49d fe80::11c1:8aff:fe44:b49d/64 00-1a-73-5a-7e-57 21a:73ff:fe5a:7e57 fe80::21a:73ff:fe5a:7e57/64 The EUI method of generating a link-local address is automatically imple mented on the switches covered by this guide when IPv6 is enabled on a VLAN interface.
IPv6 Addressing Global Unicast Address Global Unicast Address A global unicast address is required for unicast traffic to be routed across VLANs within an organization as well as across the public internet. To support subnetting, a VLAN can be configured with multiple global unicast addresses.
IPv6 Addressing Global Unicast Address ■ generate a link-local address on the VLAN as described in the preceding section (page 3-13). ■ transmit a router solicitation on the VLAN, and to listen for advertise ments from any IPv6 routers on the VLAN. For each unique router advertisement (RA) the switch receives from any router(s), the switch configures a unique, global unicast address.
IPv6 Addressing Global Unicast Address Prefixes in Routable IPv6 Addresses In routable IPv6 addresses, the prefix uniquely identifies an entity and a unicast subnet within that entity, and is defined by a length value specifying the number of leftmost contiguous (high-order) bits comprising the prefix. For an automatically generated global unicast address, the default prefix length is 64 bits. (Practically speaking, the entire prefix in a /64 address defines the subnet.
IPv6 Addressing Unique Local Unicast IPv6 Address Unique Local Unicast IPv6 Address A unique local unicast address is an address that falls within a specific range, but is used only as a global unicast address within an organization. Traffic having a source address within the defined range should not be allowed beyond the borders of the intended domain or onto the public internet. The current prefix for specifically identifying unique local unicast addresses is fd00/8.
IPv6 Addressing Anycast Addresses Anycast Addresses Network size, traffic loads and the potential for network changes make it desirable to build in redundancy for some network services to provide increased service reliability. Anycast addressing provides this capability for applications where it does not matter which source is actually used to provide a service that is offered on multiple sources.
IPv6 Addressing Multicast Application to IPv6 Addressing For related information, refer to: ■ RFC 4291: “IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture” ■ RFC 2526: “Reserved IPv6 Subnet Anycast Addresses” Multicast Application to IPv6 Addressing Multicast is used to reduce traffic for applications that have more than one recipient for the same data.
IPv6 Addressing Multicast Application to IPv6 Addressing For information on Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) refer to the chapter titled “Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping”. When MLD is enabled on an interface, you can use show ipv6 mld [ vlan < vid >] to list the active multicast group activity the switch has detected per interface from other devices.
IPv6 Addressing Multicast Application to IPv6 Addressing ■ multicast scope: Bits 13-16 set boundaries on multicast traffic distribu tion, such as the interface defined by the link-local unicast address of an area, or the network boundaries of an organization. Because IPv6 uses multicast technology in place of the broadcast technology used in IPv4, the multicast scope field also controls the boundaries for broadcast-type traffic sent in multicast packets.
IPv6 Addressing Loopback Address fe90::215:60ff:fe7a:adc0 then the corresponding solicited-node multicast address is ff02:0:0:0:0:1:ff7a:adc0 For related information, refer to: ■ RFC 2375: IPv6 Multicast Address Assignments ■ RFC 3306: Unicast-Prefix-based IPv6 Multicast Addresses ■ RFC 3956: Embedding the Rendezvous Point (RP) Address in an IPv6 Multicast Address ■ RFC 3177: IAB/IESG Recommendations on IPv6 Address Allocations to Sites ■ RFC 4007: IPv6 Scoped Address Architecture ■ RFC 4291: IP
IPv6 Addressing The Unspecified Address The Unspecified Address The “unspecified” address is defined as 0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0 (::/128, or just ::). It can be used, for example, as a temporary source address in multicast traffic sent by an interface that has not yet acquired its own address. The unspecified address cannot be statically configured on the switch, or used as a destination address.
IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Address Deprecation Notes Preferred and valid lifetimes on a VLAN interface are determined by the router advertisements received on the interface. These values are not affected by the lease time assigned to an address by a DHCPv6 server. That is, lease expiration on a DHCPv6-assigned address terminates use of the address, regardless of the status of the RA-assigned lifetime, and router-assigned lifetime expiration of a leased address terminates the switch’s use of the address.
4 IPv6 Addressing Configuration Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 General Configuration Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 Configuring IPv6 Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 Enabling IPv6 with an Automatically Configured Link-Local Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Contents Router Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27 Router Solicitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27 Default IPv6 Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28 Router Redirection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28 View IPv6 Gateway, Route, and Router Neighbors . .
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Introduction Introduction Feature Default CLI Enable IPv6 with a Link-Local Address disabled 4-6 Configure Global Unicast Autoconfig disabled 4-7 Configure DHCPv6 Addressing disabled 4-9 Configure a Static Link-Local Address None 4-12 Configure a Static Global Unicast Address None 4-13 Configure an Anycast Address None 4-14 3 4-18 n/a 4-21 Change DAD Attempts View Current IPv6 Addressing In the default configuration, IPv6 operation is disabled on the
IPv6 Addressing Configuration General Configuration Steps General Configuration Steps The IPv6 configuration on switches running software release K.13.01 includes global and per-VLAN settings. This section provides an overview of the general configuration steps for enabling IPv6 on a given VLAN and can be enabled by any one of several commands. The following steps provide a suggested progression for getting started.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Configuring IPv6 Addressing 4. If needed, statically configure IPv6 unicast addressing on the VLAN interface as needed. This can include any of the following: • statically replacing the automatically generated link-local address • statically adding global unicast, unique local unicast, and/or anycast addresses Configuring IPv6 Addressing In the default configuration on a VLAN, any one of the following commands enables IPv6 and creates a link-local address.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Enabling IPv6 with an Automatically Configured Link-Local Address Enabling IPv6 with an Automatically Configured Link-Local Address This command enables automatic configuration of a link-local address.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Enabling Automatic Configuration of a Global Unicast Address and a Default Router Identity on a VLAN Enabling Automatic Configuration of a Global Unicast Address and a Default Router Identity on a VLAN Enabling autoconfig or rebooting the switch with autoconfig enabled on a VLAN causes the switch to configure IPv6 addressing on the VLAN using router advertisements and an EUI-64 interface identifier (page 3-14).
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Enabling Automatic Configuration of a Global Unicast Address and a Default Router Identity on a VLAN — Continued from the previous page. — After verification of uniqueness by DAD, an IPv6 address assigned to a VLAN by autoconfiguration is set to the preferred and valid lifetimes specified by the RA used to generate the address, and is configured as a preferred address. (Refer to “IPv6 Address Deprecation” on page 3-25.) Default: Disabled.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Enabling DHCPv6 Enabling DHCPv6 Enabling the DHCPv6 option on a VLAN allows the switch to obtain a global unicast address and an NTP (network time protocol) server assignment for a Timep server. (If a DHCPv6 server is not needed to provide a global unicast address to a switch interface, the server can still be configured to provide the NTP server assignment. This is sometimes referred to as “stateless DHCPv6”.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Enabling DHCPv6 — Continued from the previous page. — After verification of uniqueness by DAD, an IPv6 address assigned to the VLAN by an DHCPv6 server is set to the preferred and valid lifetimes specified in a router advertise ment received on the VLAN for the prefix used in the assigned address, and is configured as a preferred address. (Refer to the section titled “Address Lifetimes” on page 4-32.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Configuring a Static IPv6 Address on a VLAN ■ DHCPv6 and statically configured global unicast or anycast addresses are mutually exclusive on a given VLAN. That is, configuring DHCPv6 on a VLAN erases any static global unicast or anycast addresses previously configured on that VLAN, and the reverse. (A statically configured linklocal address will not be affected by configuring DHCPv6 on the VLAN.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Configuring a Static IPv6 Address on a VLAN Statically Configuring a Link-Local Unicast Address Syntax: [no] ipv6 address fe80::< device-identifier > link-local ■ If IPv6 is not already enabled on the VLAN, this command enables IPv6 and configures a static link-local address. ■ If IPv6 is already enabled on the VLAN, then this command overwrites the current, link- local address with the speci fied static address. (One link-local address is allowed per VLAN interface.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Configuring a Static IPv6 Address on a VLAN Statically Configuring A Global Unicast Address Syntax:.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Configuring a Static IPv6 Address on a VLAN Operating Notes ■ With IPv6 enabled, the switch determines the default IPv6 router for the VLAN from the router advertisements it receives. (Refer to “Router Access and Default Router Selection” on page 4-27.) ■ If DHCPv6 is configured on a VLAN, then configuring a static global unicast address on the VLAN removes DHCPv6 from the VLAN's config uration and deletes the DHCPv6-assigned global unicast address.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Configuring a Static IPv6 Address on a VLAN Syntax:.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Disabling IPv6 on a VLAN Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) for Statically Configured Addresses Statically configured IPv6 addresses are designated as permanent. If DAD determines that a statically configured address duplicates a previously config ured and reachable address on another device belonging to the VLAN, then the more recent, duplicate address is designated as duplicate. For more on this topic, refer to: Note ■ “Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)” on page 4-18.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Neighbor Discovery (ND) Neighbor Discovery (ND) Neighbor Discovery (ND) is the IPv6 equivalent of the IPv4 ARP for layer 2 address resolution, and uses IPv6 ICMP messages to do the following: ■ Determine the link-layer address of neighbors on the same VLAN inter face. ■ Verify that a neighbor is reachable. ■ Track neighbor (local) routers.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) Note: Neighbor and router solicitations must originate on the same VLAN as the receiving device. To support this operation, IPv6 is designed to discard any incoming neighbor or router solicitation that does not have a value of 255 in the IP Hop Limit field. For a complete list of requirements, refer to RFC 246.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) that includes its link-local address. If the newly configured address is from a static or DHCPv6 source and is found to be a duplicate, it is labelled as duplicate in the “Address Status” field of the show ipv6 command, and is not used.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) Operating Notes 4-20 ■ A verified link-local unicast address must exist on a VLAN interface before the switch can run DAD on other addresses associated with the interface. ■ If a previously configured unicast address is changed, a neighbor adver tisement (an all-nodes multicast message--ff02::1) is sent to notify other devices on the VLAN and to perform duplicate address detection.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View the Current IPv6 Addressing Configuration View the Current IPv6 Addressing Configuration Use these commands to view the current status of the IPv6 configuration on the switch. Syntax: show ipv6 Lists the current, global IPv6 settings and per-VLAN IPv6 addressing on the switch. IPv6 Routing: For software release K.13.01, this setting is always Disabled. This is a global setting, and is not configured per-VLAN.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View the Current IPv6 Addressing Configuration Address Origin: ■ Autoconfig: The address was configured using stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC). In this case, the device identifier for global unicast addresses copied from the current link-local unicast address. ■ DHCP: The address was assigned by a DHCPv6 server. Note that addresses having a DHCP origin are listed with a 128 bit prefix length. ■ Manual: The address was statically configured on the VLAN.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View the Current IPv6 Addressing Configuration ProCurve(config)# show ipv6 Internet (IPv6) Service IPv6 Routing Default Gateway ND DAD DAD Attempts : : : : Vlan Name IPv6 Status : DEFAULT_VLAN : Disabled Vlan Name IPv6 Status : VLAN10 : Enabled Address Origin ---------autoconfig dhcp manual | | + | | | Disabled 10.0.9.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View the Current IPv6 Addressing Configuration 4-24 ■ DAD Attempts: Indicates the number of neighbor solicita tions the switch transmits per-address for duplicate (IPv6) address detection. Implemented when a new address is configured or when an interface with config ured addresses comes up (such as after a reboot). The default setting is 3, and the range is 0 - 600. A setting of “0” disables duplicate address detection.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View the Current IPv6 Addressing Configuration ProCurve(config)# show ipv6 vlan 10 Internet (IPv6) Service IPv6 Routing Default Gateway ND DAD DAD Attempts : : : : Disabled 10.0.9.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View the Current IPv6 Addressing Configuration ProCurve(config)# show run Running configuration: . . . vlan 10 name "VLAN10" untagged A1-A12 ipv6 address fe80::127 link-local ipv6 address 2001:db8::127/64 ipv6 address 2001:db8::15:101/64 anycast ipv6 address autoconfig . . . Statically configured IPv6 addresses appear in the show run output.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Router Access and Default Router Selection Router Access and Default Router Selection Routing traffic between destinations on different VLANs configured on the switch or to a destination on an off-switch VLAN is done by placing the switch on the same VLAN interface or subnet as an IPv6-capable router configured to route traffic to other IPv6 interfaces or to tunnel IPv6 traffic across an IPv4 network.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Router Access and Default Router Selection Note If the switch does not receive a router advertisement after sending the router solicitations, as described above, then no further router solicitations are sent on that VLAN unless a new IPv6 setting is configured, IPv6 on the VLAN is disabled, then re-enabled, or the VLAN itself is disconnected, then recon nected.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View IPv6 Gateway, Route, and Router Neighbors View IPv6 Gateway, Route, and Router Neighbors Use these commands to view the switch's current routing table content and connectivity to routers per VLAN. This includes information received in router advertisements from IPv6 routers on VLANs enabled with IPv6 on the switch.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View IPv6 Gateway, Route, and Router Neighbors ProCurve(config)# show ipv6 route IPv6 Route Entries “Unknown” Address Dest : ::/0 Gateway : fe80::213:c4ff:fedd:14b0%vlan10 Type : static Dist. : 40 Metric : 0 Dest : ::1/128 Gateway : lo0 Dist.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration View IPv6 Gateway, Route, and Router Neighbors MTU: This is the Maximum Transmission Unit (in bytes) allowed for frames on the path to the indicated router. Hop Limit: The maximum number of router hops allowed. Prefix Advertised: Lists the prefix and prefix size (number of leftmost bits in an address) originating with the indicated router.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Address Lifetimes Address Lifetimes Every configured IPv6 unicast and anycast address has a lifetime setting that determines how long the address can be used before it must be refreshed or replaced. Some addresses are set as “permanent” and do not expire. Others have both a “preferred” and a “valid” lifetime that specify the duration of their use and availability.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Address Lifetimes Table 4-1. IPv6 Unicast Addresses Lifetimes Address Source Lifetime Criteria Link-Local Permanent Statically Configured Unicast or Anycast Permanent Autoconfigured Global Finite Preferred and Valid Lifetimes DHCPv6-Configured Finite Preferred and Valid Lifetimes A new, preferred address used as a replacement for a deprecated address can be acquired from a manual, DHCPv6, or autoconfiguration source.
IPv6 Addressing Configuration Address Lifetimes 4-34
5 IPv6 Management Features Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Viewing and Clearing the IPv6 Neighbors Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Viewing the Neighbor Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 Clearing the Neighbor Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 Telnet6 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPv6 Management Features Introduction Introduction Feature Default CLI n/a 5-3, 5-5 Enabled 5-6, 5-7, 5-8 SNTP Address None 5-10 Timep Address None 5-13 n/a 5-15 None 5-21 Neighbor Cache Telnet6 TFTP SNMP Trap Receivers This chapter focuses on the IPv6 application of management features in software release K.13.01 that support both IPv6 and IPv4 operation. For additional information on these features, refer to the current Management and Configuration Guide for your switch.
IPv6 Management Features Viewing and Clearing the IPv6 Neighbors Cache Viewing the Neighbor Cache Neighbor discovery occurs when there is communication between IPv6 devices on a VLAN. The Neighbor Cache retains data for a given neighbor until the entry times out. For more on this topic, refer to “Neighbor Discovery (ND)” on page 4-17. Syntax: show ipv6 neighbors [vlan < vid >] Displays IPv6 neighbor information currently held in the neighbor cache.
IPv6 Management Features Viewing and Clearing the IPv6 Neighbors Cache — Continued from previous page. — • STALE: A timeout has occurred for reachability of the neigh bor, and an unsolicited discovery packet has been received from the neighbor address. If the path to the neighbor is then used successfully, this state is restored to REACH. • DELAY: Indicates waiting for a response to traffic sent recently to the neighbor address.
IPv6 Management Features Viewing and Clearing the IPv6 Neighbors Cache Clearing the Neighbor Cache When there is an event such as a topology change or an address change, the neighbor cache may have too many entries to allow efficient use.
IPv6 Management Features Telnet6 Operation Telnet6 Operation This section describes Telnet operation for IPv6 on the switch. For IPv4 Telnet operation, refer to the Management and Configuration Guide for your switch. Outbound Telnet6 to Another Device Syntax: telnet < link-local-addr >%vlan< vid > telnet < global-unicast-addr > Outbound Telnet6 establishes a Telnet session from the switch CLI to another IPv6 device, and includes these options.
IPv6 Management Features Telnet6 Operation Viewing the Current Telnet Activity on a Switch Syntax: show telnet This command shows the active incoming and outgoing telnet sessions on the switch (for both IPv4 and IPv6). Command output includes the following: Session: The session number. The switch allows one outbound session and up to five inbound sessions. Privilege: Manager or Operator. From: Console (for outbound sessions) or the source IP address of the inbound session.
IPv6 Management Features Telnet6 Operation Enabling or Disabling Inbound Telnet6 Access Syntax: [ no ] telnet6-server This command is used at the global config level to enable (the default) or disable inbound Telnet6 access to the switch. The no form of the command disables inbound telnet6. Note: To disable inbound Telnet access completely, you must disable Telnet access for both IPv6 and IPv4. (The command for disabling Telnet4 access is no telnet-server.
IPv6 Management Features SNTP and Timep SNTP and Timep Configuring (Enabling or Disabling) the SNTP Mode Software release K.13.01 enables configuration of a global unicast address for IPv6 SNTP time server. This section lists the SNTP and related commands, including an example of using an IPv6 address. For the details of configuring SNTP on the switch, refer to the chapter titled “Time Protocols” in the Management and Configuration Guide for your switch.
IPv6 Management Features SNTP and Timep Configuring an IPv6 Address for an SNTP Server Note To use a global unicast IPv6 address to configure an IPv6 SNTP time server on the switch, the switch must be receiving advertisements from an IPv6 router on a VLAN configured on the switch. To use a link-local IPv6 address to configure an IPv6 SNTP time server on the switch, it is necessary to append %vlan followed immediately (without spaces) by the VLAN ID of the VLAN on which the server address is available.
IPv6 Management Features SNTP and Timep For example, to configure link-local and global unicast SNTP server addresses of: ■ fe80::215:60ff:fe7a:adc0 (on VLAN 10, configured on the switch) ■ 2001:db8::215:60ff:fe79:8980 as the priority “1” and “2” SNTP servers, respectively, using version 7, you would enter these commands at the global config level, as shown below.
IPv6 Management Features SNTP and Timep For example, the show sntp output for the preceding sntp server command example would appear as follows: ProCurve(config)# show sntp This example illustrates the command output when both IPv6 and IPv4 server addresses are configured. SNTP Configuration Time Sync Mode: Sntp SNTP Mode : Broadcast Poll Interval (sec) [720] : 719 Priority -------1 2 SNTP Server Address ---------------------------------------------2001:db8::215:60ff:fe79:8980 10.255.5.
IPv6 Management Features SNTP and Timep ip timep manual < ipv6-addr > Enable Timep operation with a statically configured [ interval < 1 - 9999 >] IPv6 address for a Timep server. Optionally change the interval between time requests. no ip timep Note Disables Timep operation. To re-enable Timep, it is necessary to reconfigure either the DHCP or the static option.
IPv6 Management Features SNTP and Timep ProCurve(config)# ip timep manual fe80::215:60ff:fe7a:adc0%vlan10 Note In the preceding example, using a link-local address requires that you specify the local scope for the address; VLAN 10 in this case. This is always indicated by %vlan followed immediately (without spaces) by the VLAN identifier. For a global unicast address, you would enter the address without the %vlan suffix. Syntax:.
IPv6 Management Features TFTP File Transfers Over IPv6 TFTP File Transfers Over IPv6 TFTP File Transfers over IPv6 You can use TFTP copy commands over IPv6 to upload, or download files to and from a physically connected device or a remote TFTP server, including: ■ Switch software ■ Software images ■ Switch configurations ■ ACL command files ■ Diagnostic data (crash data, crash log, and event log) For complete information on how to configure TFTP file transfers between the switch and a TFTP server
IPv6 Management Features TFTP File Transfers Over IPv6 Enabling TFTP for IPv6 TFTP for IPv6 is enabled by default on the switch. However, if it is disabled, you can re-enable it by specifying TFTP client or server functionality with the tftp6 command. Enter the tftp6 command at the global configuration level.
IPv6 Management Features TFTP File Transfers Over IPv6 Using TFTP to Copy Files over IPv6 Use the TFTP copy commands described in this section to: ■ Download specified files from a TFTP server to a switch on which TFTP client functionality is enabled. ■ Upload specified files from a switch, on which TFTP server functionality is enabled, to a TFTP server.
IPv6 Management Features TFTP File Transfers Over IPv6 ■ flash < primary | secondary >: Copies a software file stored on a remote host to primary or secondary flash memory on the switch. To run a newly downloaded software image, enter the reload or boot system flash command. ■ pub-key-file: Copies a public-key file to the switch. ■ startup-config: Copies a configuration file on a remote host to the startup configuration file on the switch. .
IPv6 Management Features TFTP File Transfers Over IPv6 < ipv6-addr >: If this is a link-local address, use this IPv6 address format: fe80::< device-id >%vlan< vid > For example: fe80::123%vlan10 If this is a global unicast or anycast address, use this IPv6 format: < ipv6-addr > For example: 2001:db8::123 Using Auto-TFTP for IPv6 The auto-TFTP for IPv6 feature automatically downloads a software image to a switch, on which TFTP client functionality is enabled, from a specified IPv6 based device at switch s
IPv6 Management Features SNMP Management for IPv6 SNMP Management for IPv6 As with SNMP for IPv4, you can manage a switch via SNMP from an IPv6 based network management station by using an application such as ProCurve Manager (PCM) or ProCurve Manager Plus (PCM+). (For more on PCM and PCM+, go to the ProCurve Networking web site at www.procurve.com.
IPv6 Management Features SNMP Management for IPv6 SNMP Configuration Commands Supported IPv6 addressing is supported in the following SNMP configuration commands: For more information on each SNMP configuration procedure, refer to the “Configuring for Network Management Applications” chapter in the current Management and Configuration Guide for your switch. SNMPv1 and V2c Syntax:.
IPv6 Management Features SNMP Management for IPv6 The show snmp-server command displays the current SNMP policy configuration, including SNMP communities, network security notifications, link-change traps, trap receivers (including the IPv4 or IPv6 address) that can receive SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c traps, and the source IP (interface) address used in IP headers when sending SNMP notifications (traps and informs) or responses to SNMP requests.
IPv6 Management Features IP Preserve for IPv6 The show snmpv3 targetaddress command displays the configuration (including the IPv4 or IPv6 address) of the SNMPv3 management stations to which notification messages are sent. ProCurve(config)# show snmpv3 targetaddress snmpTargetAddrTable [rfc2573] Target Name ------------------------1 2 PP.217 PP.218 IP Address ---------------------15.29.17.218 15.29.17.219 15.29.17.
IPv6 Management Features IP Preserve for IPv6 ; J8697A Configuration Editor; Created on release #K.13.01 hostname "ProCurve" time daylight-time-rule None * * * * * * password manager password operator ip preserve Entering an ip preserve statement as the last line in a configuration file stored on a TFTP server allows you to download and execute the file as the startup-config file on an IPv6 switch.
IPv6 Management Features IP Preserve for IPv6 Note that if a switch received its IPv6 address from a DHCP server, the “ip address” field under “vlan 1” would display: dhcp-bootp. ProCurve(config)# show run Running configuration: ; J8715A Configuration Editor; Created on release #K.13.
IPv6 Management Features IP Preserve for IPv6 5-26
6 IPv6 Management Security Features Contents IPv6 Management Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 Usage Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 Configuring Authorized IP Managers for Switch Access . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5 Using a Mask to Configure Authorized Management Stations . . . . . .
IPv6 Management Security Features IPv6 Management Security IPv6 Management Security This chapter describes management security features that are IPv6 counter parts of IPv4 management security features on the switches covered by this guide.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 The Authorized IP Managers feature uses IP addresses and masks to deter mine which stations (PCs or workstations) can access the switch through the network.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 ■ ■ You configure each authorized manager address with Manager or Opera tor-level privilege to access the switch in a Telnet, SNMPv1, or SNMPv2c session. (Access privilege for SSH, SNMPv3, and web browser sessions are configured through the access application, not through the Authorized IP Managers feature.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 Configuring Authorized IP Managers for Switch Access To configure one or more IPv6-based management stations to access the switch using the Authorized IP Managers feature, enter the ipv6 authorizedmanagers command Syntax: ipv6 authorized-managers [ipv6-mask] [access ] Configures one or more authorized IPv6 addresses to access the switch, where: ipv6-mask specifies the mask that is applied to an IPv6 address to
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 Notes If you do not enter a value for the ipv6-mask parameter when you configure an authorized IPv6 address, the switch automatically uses FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF as the default mask (see “Configuring Authorized IP Managers for Switch Access” on page 6-5).
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 Conversely, in a mask, a “0” binary bit means that either the “on” or “off” setting of the corresponding IPv6 bit in an authorized address is valid and does not have to match the setting of the same bit in the specified IPv6 address. Figure 6-2 shows the binary expressions represented by individual hexadeci mal values in an ipv6-mask parameter.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 Example. Figure 6-3 shows an example in which a mask that authorizes switch access to four management stations is applied to the IPv6 address: 2001:DB8:0000:0000:244:17FF:FEB6:D37D. The mask is: FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFF8:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFC.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 to 0 (“off”) and allow the corresponding bits in an authorized IPv6 address to be either “on” or “off”. As a result, only the four IPv6 addresses shown in Figure 6-5 are allowed access.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 ■ Each authorized station has the same 64-bit device ID (244:17FF:FEB6:D37D) because the value of the last four blocks in the mask is FFFF (binary value 1111 1111). FFFF requires all bits in each corresponding block of an authorized IPv6 address to have the same “on” or “off” setting as the device ID in the specified IPv6 address.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 Figure 6-7 shows the bits in the fourth block of the mask that determine the valid subnets in which authorized stations with an IPv6 device ID of 244:17FF:FEB6:D37D reside. FFF8 in the fourth block of the mask means that bits 3 - 15 of the block are fixed and, in an authorized IPv6 address, must correspond to the “on” and “off” settings shown for the binary equivalent 0000 in the fourth block of the IPv6 address.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 Displaying an Authorized IP Managers Configuration Use the show ipv6 authorized-managers command to list the IPv6 stations authorized to access the switch; for example: ProCurve# show ipv6 authorized-managers IPv6 Authorized Managers --------------------------------------Address : 2001:db8:0:7::5 Mask : ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff Access : Manager Address : 2001:db8::a:1c:e3:3 Mask : ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe Access
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 Additional Examples of Authorized IPv6 Managers Configuration Authorizing Manager Access. The following IPv6 commands authorize manager-level access for one link-local station at a time. Note that when you enter a link-local IPv6 address with the ipv6 authorized-managers command, you must also enter a VLAN ID in the format: %vlan.
IPv6 Management Security Features Authorized IP Managers for IPv6 The next IPv6 command authorizes operator-level access for sixty-four IPv6 stations: thirty-two stations in the subnets defined by 0x0006 and 0x0007 in the fourth block of an authorized IPv6 address: ProCurve(config)# ipv6 authorized-managers 2001:db8:0000:0007:231:17ff:fec5:c967 ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffe0 access operator The following ipv6 authorized-managers command authorizes a single, automat ically generated (EUI-64) IPv6
IPv6 Management Security Features Secure Shell for IPv6 Secure Shell for IPv6 The Secure Shell (SSH) for IPv6 feature provides the same Telnet-like func tions through encrypted, authenticated transactions as SSH for IPv4. SSH for IPv6 provides CLI (console) access and secure file transfer functionality. The following types of transactions are supported: ■ Client public-key authentication Public keys from SSH clients are stored on the switch.
IPv6 Management Security Features Secure Shell for IPv6 Syntax:. [no] ip ssh Enables SSH on the switch and activates the connection with a configured SSH server (RADIUS or TACACS+). To disable SSH on the switch, enter the no ip ssh com mand. [ip-version < 4 | 6 | 4or6 >] IP version used for SSH connections on the switch: 4 accepts SSH connections only from IPv4 clients. 6 accepts SSH connections only from IPv6 clients. 4or6 accepts SSH connections from either IPv4 or IPv6 clients. (Default: 4or6).
IPv6 Management Security Features Secure Shell for IPv6 Displaying an SSH Configuration To verify an SSH for IPv6 configuration and display all SSH sessions running on the switch, enter the show ip ssh command. Information on all current SSH sessions (IPv4 and IPv6) is displayed.
IPv6 Management Security Features Secure Copy and Secure FTP for IPv6 Secure Copy and Secure FTP for IPv6 You can take advantage of the Secure Copy (SCP) and Secure FTP (SFTP) client applications to provide a secure alternative to TFTP for transferring sensitive switch information, such as configuration files and login informa tion, between the switch and an administrator workstation.
7 Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2 Introduction to MLD Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 Configuring MLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8 Enabling or Disabling MLD Snooping on a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8 Configuring Per-Port MLD Traffic Filters . .
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Overview Overview Multicast addressing allows one-to-many or many-to-many communication among hosts on a network. Typical applications of multicast communication include audio and video streaming, desktop conferencing, collaborative com puting, and similar applications. Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) is an IPv6 protocol used on a local link for multicast group management. MLD is enabled per VLAN, and is analogous to the IPv4 IGMP protocol.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Introduction to MLD Snooping Introduction to MLD Snooping There are several roles that network devices may play in an IPv6 multicast environment: ■ MLD host—a network node that uses MLD to “join” (subscribe to) one or more multicast groups ■ multicast router—a router that routes multicast traffic between subnets ■ querier—a switch or multicast router that identifies MLD hosts by sending out MLD queries, to which the MLD hosts respond Curiously enough, a net
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Introduction to MLD Snooping General operation. Multicast communication can take place without MLD, and by default MLD is disabled. In that case, if a switch receives a packet with a multicast destination address, it floods the packet to all ports in the same VLAN (except the port that it came in on). Any network nodes that are listening to that multicast address will see the packet; all other hosts ignore the packet.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Introduction to MLD Snooping Note that MLD snooping operates on a single VLAN (though there can be multiple VLANs, each running MLD snooping). Cross-VLAN traffic is handled by a multicast router. Forwarding in MLD snooping.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Introduction to MLD Snooping A network node establishes itself as an MLD host by issuing a multicast “join” request (also called a multicast “report”) for a specific multicast address when it starts an application that listens to multicast traffic. The switch to which the node is connected sees the join request and forwards traffic for that multicast address to the node’s port. Queries.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Introduction to MLD Snooping Fast leaves and forced fast leaves. The fast leave and forced fast leave functions can help to prune unnecessary multicast traffic when an MLD host issues a leave request from a multicast address. Fast leave is enabled by default and forced fast leave is disabled by default. Both functions are applied to individual ports.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Configuring MLD Configuring MLD Several CLI commands are available for configuring MLD parameters on a switch. Enabling or Disabling MLD Snooping on a VLAN Syntax: [no] ipv6 mld Note: This command must be issued in a VLAN context. This command enables MLD snooping on a VLAN. Enabling MLD snooping applies the last-saved or the default MLD configuration, whichever was most recently set. The [no] form of the command disables MLD snooping on a VLAN.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Configuring MLD Configuring Per-Port MLD Traffic Filters Syntax: ipv6 mld [auto | blocked | forward ] Note: This command must be issued in a VLAN context. This command sets per-port traffic filters, which specify how each port should handle MLD traffic.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Configuring MLD Configuring the Querier Syntax: [no] ipv6 mld querier Note: This command must be issued in a VLAN context. This command enables the switch to act as querier on a VLAN. The [no] form of the command disables the switch from acting as querier on a VLAN. The querier function is enabled by default. If another switch or a multicast router is acting as the MLD querier on the VLAN, this switch will defer to that device.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Configuring MLD For example, to disable fast leave on ports in VLAN 8: ProCurve(vlan-8)# no ipv6 mld fastleave a14-a15 To enable fast leave on ports in VLAN 8: ProCurve(vlan-8)# ipv6 mld fastleave a14-a15 Configuring Forced Fast Leave Syntax: [no] ipv6 mld forcedfastleave Note: This command must be issued in a VLAN context. This command enables the forced fast leave function on the specified ports in a VLAN.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration Displaying MLD Status and Configuration Current MLD Status Syntax: show ipv6 mld Displays MLD status information for all VLANs on the switch that have MLD configured.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration ff02::1:ff04:3 ff02::1:ff05:1 ff02::1:ff0b:2dfe ff02::1:ff0b:d7d9 ff02::1:ff0b:da09 ff02::1:ff0b:dc38 ff02::1:ff0b:dc8d ff02::1:ff0b:dd56 ff02::1:ff12:e0cd ff02::1:ff4e:98a5 ff02::1:ff57:21a1 ff02::1:ff6b:dd51 ff02::1:ff7b:ac55 ff02::1:ff8f:61ea ff02::1:ffc8:397b ff3e:30:2001:db8:8:0:7:101 ff3e:30:2001:db8:8:0:7:102 FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT FILT 0h:4m:5s 0h:4m:3s 0h:3
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration The following information is shown for each VLAN that has MLD snooping enabled: ■ VLAN ID number and name ■ Querier address: IPv6 address of the device acting as querier for the VLAN ■ Querier up time: the length of time in seconds that the querier has been acting as querier ■ Querier expiry time: If this switch is the querier, this is the amount of time until the switch sends the next general query.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration Current MLD Configuration Syntax: show ipv6 mld config Displays current global MLD configuration for all MLDenabled VLANS on the switch. show ipv6 vlan config Displays current MLD configuration for the specified VLAN, including per-port configuration information.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration The specific form of the command might look like this: ProCurve# show ipv6 mld vlan 8 config MLD Service Vlan Config VLAN ID : 8 VLAN NAME : VLAN8 MLD Enabled [No] : Yes Querier Allowed [Yes] : Yes Port ---A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 A24 Type --------100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T 100/1000T | + | | | | | | | | | | | | Port Mod
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration Ports Currently Joined Syntax: show ipv6 vlan group Lists the ports currently joined for all IPv6 multicast group addresses in the specified VLAN vid—VLAN ID show ipv6 vlan group Lists the ports currently joined for the specified IPv6 multicast group address in the specified VLAN vid—VLAN ID ipv6-addr—address of the IPv6 multicast group for which you want information For example, the general form of
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration The following information is shown: ■ VLAN ID and name ■ port information for each IPv6 multicast group address in the VLAN (general group command) or for the specified IPv6 multicast group address (specific group command): • group multicast address • last reporter: last MLD host to send a join to the group address • group expiry time: the time until the group expires if no further joins are seen • port name for e
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration For example, the general form of the command: ProCurve# show ipv6 mld statistics MLD Service Statistics Total vlans with MLD enabled Current count of multicast groups joined : 2 : 36 MLD Joined Groups Statistics VLAN ID ------8 9 VLAN NAME -----------VLAN8 VLAN9 filtered -----------26 10 standard -----------0 0 total -----------26 10 Figure 7-9.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration Counters Syntax: show ipv6 mld vlan counters Displays MLD counters for the specified VLAN vid—VLAN ID ProCurve# show ipv6 mld vlan 8 counters MLD Service Vlan Counters VLAN ID : 8 VLAN NAME : VLAN8 General Query Rx General Query Tx Group Specific Query Rx Group Specific Query Tx V1 Member Report Rx V2 Member Report Rx Leave Rx Unknown MLD Type Rx Unknown Pkt Rx Forward to Routers Tx Counter Forward to Vlan Tx Counter
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration The following information is shown: ■ VLAN number and name ■ For each VLAN: • number of general queries received • number of general queries sent • number of group-specific queries received • number of group-specific queries sent • number of MLD version 1 member reports (joins) received • number of MLD version 2 member reports (joins) received • number of leaves received • number of MLD packets of unknown
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping Displaying MLD Status and Configuration 7-22
8 IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2 ICMP Rate-Limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2 Ping for IPv6 (Ping6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4 Traceroute for IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Introduction Introduction Feature Default CLI IPv6 ICMP Message Interval and Token Bucket 100 ms 10 max tokens 8-3 ping6 traceroute6 Enabled n/a The IPv6 ICMP feature enables control over the error and informational message rate for IPv6 traffic, which can help mitigate the effects of a Denialof-service attack. Ping6 enables verification of access to a specific IPv6 device, and traceroute6 enables tracing the route to an IPv6-enabled device on the network.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting ICMP Rate-Limiting Controlling the frequency of ICMPv6 error messages can help to prevent DoS (Denial- of- Service) attacks. With IPv6 enabled on the switch, you can control the allowable frequency of these messages with ICMPv6 rate-limiting. Syntax:.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Ping for IPv6 (Ping6) Ping for IPv6 (Ping6) The Ping6 test is a point-to-point test that accepts an IPv6 address or IPv6 host name to see if an IPv6 switch is communicating properly with another device on the same or another IP network. A ping test checks the path between the switch and another device by sending IP packets (ICMP Echo Requests). To use a ping6 command with an IPv6 host name or fully qualified domain names, refer to “DNS Resolver for IPv6” on page 8-9.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Ping for IPv6 (Ping6) [timeout]: Number of seconds within which a response is required from the destination host before the ping test times out. Valid values: 1 - 60. Default: 1 second. [source ]: Source IP address or hostname. The source IP address must be owned by the router. If a VLAN is specified, the IP address associated with the specified VLAN is used. [data-size]: Size of data (in bytes) to be sent in ping packets. Valid values: 0 - 65507.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Traceroute for IPv6 Traceroute for IPv6 The traceroute6 command enables you to trace the route from a switch to a host device that is identified by an IPv6 address or IPv6 host name. In the command output, information on each (router) hop between the switch and the destination IPv6 address is displayed. To use a traceroute6 command with an IPv6 host name or fully qualified domain names, refer to “DNS Resolver for IPv6” on page 8-9.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Traceroute for IPv6 Syntax: traceroute6 < ipv6-address | hostname > [minttl < 1-255 > [maxttl < 1-255 > [timeout < 1 - 60 >] [probes < 1-5 >] [source ] traceroute6 | hostname > [minttl < 1-255 >] [maxttl < 1-255 >] [timeout < 1 - 60 >] [probes < 1-5 >] [source ] Displays the IPv6 address of each hop in the route to the specified destination host device with the time (in microseconds) required for a p
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Traceroute for IPv6 ProCurve# traceroute6 2001:db8::10 traceroute to 2001:db8::10 1 hop min, 30 hops max, 5 sec. 1 2001:db8::a:1c:e3:3 0 ms 0 ms 2 2001:db8:0:7::5 7 ms 3 ms 3 2001:db8::214:c2ff:fe4c:e480 0 ms 1 ms 4 2001:db8::10 0 ms 1 ms Destination IPv6 address timeout, 3 probes 0 ms Intermediate router hops with 0 ms the time (in milliseconds) for the switch to receive a 0 ms response from each of the 0 ms three probes sent to each router.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting DNS Resolver for IPv6 DNS Resolver for IPv6 The Domain Name System (DNS) resolver is designed for local network domains where it enables use of a host name or fully qualified domain name to support DNS-compatible commands from the switch. Beginning with soft ware release K.13.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting DNS Resolver for IPv6 — Continued from the previous page. — The no form of the command removes the specified address from the server address list configured on the switch. < ip-addr >: Specifies the address of an IPv6 or IPv4 DNS server. Syntax:. [no] ip dns domain-name < domain-name-suffix > Used at the global config level to configure the domain suffix that is automatically appended to the host name entered with a command supporting DNS operation.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting DNS Resolver for IPv6 been configured as the domain name on the switch and the address of a DNS server residing in that domain is also configured on the switch. The commands for these steps are as follows: ProCurve(config)# ip dns server priority 1 2001:db8::127:10 ProCurve(config)# ip dns domain-name mygroup.procurve.net ProCurve(config)# ping6 mars-1 fe80::215:60ff:fe7a:adc0 is alive, time = 1 ms Figure 8-3.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Debug/Syslog for IPv6 Debug/Syslog for IPv6 The Debug/System logging (Syslog) for IPv6 feature provides the same logging functions as the IPv4 version, allowing you to record IPv4 and IPv6 Event Log and debug messages on a remote device to troubleshoot switch or network operation. For example, you can send messages about routing misconfigura tions and other network protocol details to an external device, and later use them to debug network-level problems.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Debug/Syslog for IPv6 Debug Command Syntax: [no] debug < debug-type > Configures the types of IPv4 and IPv6 messages that are sent to Syslog servers or other debug destinations, where is any of the following event types: acl When a match occurs on an ACL “deny” statement with a log parameter, an ACL message is sent to configured debug destinations. (Default: Disabled - ACL messages for traffic that matches “deny” entries are not sent.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Debug/Syslog for IPv6 Syntax:. [no] debug < debug-type > (Continued) ip [ rip < database | event | trigger > Configures specified IPv4 RIP message types to be sent to configured debug destinations: database— Database changes event— RIP events trigger— Trigger messages ipv6 Configures messages for IPv6 DHCPv6 client and neighbor discovery events to be sent to configured debug destina tions.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Debug/Syslog for IPv6 • debug destination buffer enables the configured debug message types to be sent to a buffer in switch memory. Logging Command Syntax: [no] logging < syslog-ipv4-addr > Enables or disables Syslog messaging to the specified IPv4 address. You can configure up to six addresses. If you config ure an address when none are already configured, this com mand enables destination logging (Syslog) and the Event debug type.
IPv6 Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Debug/Syslog for IPv6 8-16
A Terminology DAD Duplicate Address Detection. Refer to “Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)” on page 4-18. Device Identifier The low-order bits in an IPv6 address that identify a specific device. For example, in the link-local address 2001:db8:a10:101:212:79ff:fe88:a100/64, the bits forming 212:79ff:fe88:a100 comprise the device identifier. DoS Denial-of-Service. EUI-64 Extended Unique Identifier. Refer to “Extended Unique Identifier (EUI)” on page 3-14.
Terminology A-2
Index Symbols … 4-7, 4-13 %vlan suffix … 5-6, 5-10, 5-13 A ACL debug messages … 8-13 address configuration DNS for IPv6 … 2-14 duplicate unicast addresses … 3-6, 2-9, 4-18 IPv6 anycast address … 2-9, 2-11, 2-7, 2-8, 3-5, 3-11, 3-16, 3-17, 4-7, 4-13, 2-8, 3-5, 3-6, 3-8, 4-9, 2-8, 3-5, 4-12, 2-7, 3-5, 3-11, 3-13, 4-6, 3-11 maximum number of IPv6 addresses … 2-15, 3-3, 3-5, 3-9 neighbor discovery for IPv6 … 2-14, 3-4 omitting zeros in IPv6 address … 3-3 single IPv6 local-link address on an interface … 3-13 Se
DHPv6 messages … 8-14 event log messages … 8-13 IPv4/IPv6 event messages … 8-13, 8-12 LLDP messages … 8-14 using Syslog servers … 8-14 wireless-services messages … 8-14 denial-of-service ICMPv6 rate limiting … 2-13 deprecated address … 4-22 device identifier in IPv6 address … 3-4 See also interface identifier.
quick start … 1-8 IP authorized managers for IPv6 … 2-12 IP masks for multiple authorized manager stations … 6-6, 6-5 used in configuring authorized IP management … 6-5, 6-3 IP Preserve configuring … 5-23 DHCP-assigned address … 5-24 downloading configuration file to IPv6 switch … 5-24 feature description … 5-23, 2-11 IPv6 address format … 3-3, 2-9, 3-10, 3-20, 4-14, 5-2 benefits … 2-6 configuration overview … 4-4 DAD … 4-18 debug … 8-12, 2-8, 4-29 DHCPv6 server-assigned address … 2-8, 3-5, 3-6, 3-8, 4-4, 4
MIB support SNMP … 5-20 migration from IPv4 to IPv6 … 2-3, 2-4, 2-6 MLD blocking multicast packet forwarding … 7-5, 7-9 configuration … 7-8 displaying configuration … 7-12, 7-15, 7-18, 7-20 forwarding multicast packets … 7-5, 7-9 overview … 2-11 reducing multicast flooding … 7-2, 7-4 snooping at port level … 7-2 used on IPv6 local link … 7-2 MTU for IPv6 … 2-16, 2-9 multicast IPv6 address … 2-6, 3-10, 3-21, 3-22, 3-4, 3-12, 3-21, 3-23, 2-9 MLD snooping reduces multicast flooding … 7-2, 7-4 Multicast Listene
SSHv2 for IPv6 … 2-11 setup screen … 1-8 sFlow … 5-20 SFTP See SCP/SFTP.
autoconfiguration … 3-11 used within an organization … 3-19 unspecified address in IPv6 … 3-25 V valid lifetime of global unicast address … 3-7, 3-25, 4-8, 4-10 use of deprecated IPv6 address as source or destination … 4-32 VLAN deprecated global unicast address … 3-16, 3-25 DHCPv6 server-assigned address … 4-9 displaying IPv6 configuration … 4-23, 4-25, 4-30, 7-12, 7-15, 7-17, 7-18, 7-20, 2-4, 2-6 global unicast address autoconfiguration … 2-7, 3-5, 3-11, 3-16, 4-7, 2-8, 3-5, 3-9, 3-17, 4-13, 3-12 IPv6 li
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