HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers (Including Options 001, 003, 004, 006, and 008) User’s Handbook SERIAL NUMBERS This manual applies directly to any synthesized sweeper with serial number prefix combinations. You may have to modify this manual so that it applies directly to your instrument version. Refer to the “Instrument History” chapter.
Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
Certification Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
Assistance Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Hewlett-Packard products. For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Ofice. Safety Notes The following safety notes are used throughout this manual. Familiarize yourself with each of the notes and its meaning before operating this instrument. WARNING CAUTION iv Warning denotes a hazard.
General Safety Considerations WARNING l No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to qualified personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove covers. n For continued protection against fire hazard replace line fuse only with same type and rating (F 5A/25OV). The use of other fuses or material is prohibited. n This is a Safety Class I product (provided with a protective earthing ground incorporated in the power cord).
CAUTION H Before switching on this instrument, make sure that the line voltage selector switch is set to the voltage of the power supply and the correct fuse is installed. n Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this instrument. Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may cause instrument damage. n Before switching on this product, make sure that the line voltage selector switch is set to the voltage of the power supply and the correct fuse is installed.
PREFACE This manual provides user information for the HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers. Instruments Covered By This Manual This manual applies to instruments having a serial number prefix listed on the title page (behind the “Documentation Map” tab). Some changes may have to be made to this manual so that it applies directly to each instrument; refer to Chapter 5, “Instrument History”, to see what changes may apply to your instrument.
User’s Handbook Organization Tabs divide the major chapters of this manual. The contents of each chapter is listed in the “Table of Contents.” HP 8360 Series Documentation Documentation Map For a pictorial representation of the HP 8360 series documentation, see the “Documentation Map” at the front of this manual. Ordering Manual A manual part number is listed on the title page of this manual. You may use it to order extra copies of this manual.
Regulatory Information This product has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publication 1010, Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus, and has been supplied in a safe condition. The instruction documentation contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in a safe condition.
Notice for Germany: Noise Declaration Declaration of Conformity X LpA < 70 dB am Arbeitsplatz (operator position) normaler Betrieb (normal position) nach DIN 45635 T.
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY accor&g to ISOIIEC Quide 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer’s Name: Hewlett-Packard Co. Manufacturer’s Address: Microwave Instruments Division 1400 Fountaingrove Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1799 USA declares that the product Product Name: Synthesized Sweeper Model Numbers: HP HP HP HP Product Options: This declaration covers all options of the above products.
Instrument MarkingsA ! Cd The instruction documentation symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation. The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community. The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association. “ISMl-A” This is a symbol of an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product. I This is an ON symbol.
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Contents 1. GETTING STARTED What Is In This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . How To Use This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . Equipment Used In Examples . . . . . . . . . Introducing the HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers Display Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Entry Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CW Operation and Start/Stop Frequency Sweep . . CW Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Start/Stop Frequency Sweep . . . . . . . . . . Center Frequency/Span Operation . . . . . . . .
Peaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . ALC Bandwidth Selection . . . . . . . . Using Step Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . Creating and Using a Frequency List . . . Using the Security Features . . . . . . . Changing the Preset Parameters . . . . . Getting Started Programming . . . . . . HP-IB General Information . . . . . . . Interconnecting Cables . . . . . . . . Instrument Addresses . . . . . . . . . HP-IB Instrument Nomenclature . . . . Listener . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reading Instrument Errors . . . . . . . . . . Example Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Example Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program Comments . . . . . . . . . . . Details of Commands and Responses . . . . . . . In This Subsection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program Message Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . Subsystem Command Syntax . . . . . . . . Common Command Syntax . . . . . . . . . Response Message Syntax . . . . . .
Programming the Trigger System . . . . . . . . In This Subsection . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generalized Trigger Model . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Details of Trigger States . . . . . . . . . . Inside the Idle State . . . . . . . . . . Inside the Initiate State . . . . . . . . . Inside Event Detection States . . . . . . Inside the Sequence Operation State . . . Common Trigger Configurations . . . . . . . The INIT Configuration . . . . . . . . . . The TRIG Configuration . . . .
hM Type 100%fV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ANALYZER STATUS REGISTER . . . . . . . . ArrowKeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ASSIGN) .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto Fill Incr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto Fill %Pts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto Fill Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto Fill Stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-19 A-19 A-21 A-22 A-23 A-24 A-25 A-25 A-26 Blank Disp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E. 8360 Adz-s Enter Cum EnterFreq Enter List Enter List Enter List .................. .................. .................. Dwell .............. Freq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENTRY KEYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [ENTR~~N/OFF] . ExtDetCal ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-l E-l E-2 E-2 E-3 E-4 E-4 E-5 E-5 F. Fault Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fault Info 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fault Info 2 . . .
H. HP-IB Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP-IB Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-l H-l Internal AM Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal AM Rate .............. Internal AM Waveform Noise . . . . . . . . . Internal AM Waveform Ramp . . . . . . . . . . Internal AM Waveform Sine . . . . . . . . . . Internal AM Waveform Square . . . . . . . . . Internal AM Waveform Triangle . . . . . . . . Intexnal FM Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal FM Rate ..............
M. MI--M2 Sweep . . . . . . . . . . : ...... Manual Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (MARKER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MarkerMi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marker M2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MarkerM3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marker M4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MarkerM5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Markers All Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measure Corx All .............. Measure Corr Current ............ Measure Corr Undef ............
Printer Adxs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (PRIOR) . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ Programming Language Analyzr ........ Programming Language CIIL . . ........ Programming Language SCPI . . ........ Pt Trig Menu . . . . . . . . . ........ Pulse Delay Normal . . . . . ........ Pulse Delay Txig'd . . . . . ........ Pulse Menu . . . . . . . . . . ........ Pulse Menu . . . . . . . . . . ........ Pulse OnfOffExtrnl . . . . . ........ Pulse On/OffIntxnl . . . . . ........ Pulse OnfOffScalax . . . . . ......
. . . . . . . . . . . S-64 ........... S-64 ........... S-66 . . . . . . . . . . . S-67 S-67 . . . . . . . . . . . S-68 S-69 . . . . . . . . . . . s-70 . . . . . . . . . . . s-70 ........... ........... ........... ........... s-71 s-71 S-72 s-73 ........... s-73 . . . . . . . . . . . s-74 s-75 ........... ........... ........... ........... s-75 S-76 S-76 s-77 10 MHz Freq Std Auto . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 10 MHz Freq Std Exts-nl 10 MHz Freq Std Intrnl . . . . . . . . . . .
Z. ZeroFreq .................. Z-1 Wavef ofllt Nenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z-1 z-2 2a. ERROR MESSAGES Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front Panel Error Messages in Alphabetical Order SCPI Error Messages in Numerical Order . . . . Synthesizer Specific SCPI Error Messages . . . Universal SCPI Error Messages . . . . . . . Error Messages From -499 To -400 . . . . Error Messages From -399 To -300 . . . .
Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AM and Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simultaneous Modulations . . . . . . . . . . . Internal Modulation Generator Option 002 . . . . AM,FM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modulation Meter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. INSTALLATION Initial Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equipment Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Options Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preparation for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . Line Voltage and Fuse Selection . . . . . . . . Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Language Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How to View or Change a Language Selection from the Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test and Measurement System Language . . Control Interface Intermediate Language . . Converting from Network Analyzer Language to SCPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Numeric Suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . Status Bytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23 3-23 . . . 3-23 3-24 3-24 4. OPERATOR’S CHECK and ROUTINE MAINTENANCE Operator’s Checks . . . . . . . Service Information . . . . . . Local Operator’s Check . . . . . Description . . . . . . . . . Preliminary Check . . . . . . Main Check . .
Figures O-l. Typical Serial Number Label . . . . . . . . . . l-l. The HP 83620A Synthesized Sweeper . . . . . . 1-2. Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-3. Entry Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-4. CW Operation and Start/Stop Frequency Sweep . l-5. Center Frequency and Span Operation . . . . . l-6. Power Level and Sweep Time Operation . . . . . l-7. Continuous, Single, and Manual Sweep Operation 1-8. Marker Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-9.
l-37. Inside the Initiate State . . . . . . . . . . . . l-38. Inside an Event Detection State . . . . . . . . l-39. Inside the Sequence Operation State . . . . . . l-40. The INIT Trigger Configuration . . . . . . . . 1-41. The TRIG Trigger Configuration . . . . . . . . l-42. HP 8360 Simplified Trigger Model . . . . . . . A-l. ALC System Simplified Block Diagram . . . . . A-2. Typical External Leveling Hookup . . . . . . . C-l. Auxiliary Interface Connector . . . . . . . . . C-2. HP-IB Connector and Cable .
Tables l-l. l-2. l-3. l-4. C-l. D-l. S-l. 3-l. 3-2. 3-3. 3-4. Keys Under Discussion in This Section . . . . SWEep Command Table . . . . . . . . . . SCPI Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sample Synthesizer Commands . . . . . . . . Pin Description of the Auxiliary Interface . . . Mnemonics used to Indicate Status . . . . . . HP 8360 SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY . . . Language HP-IB Addresses . . . . . . . . . Factory-Set HP-IB Addresses . . . . . . . . Rack Mount Slide Kit Contents . . . . . . .
1 GETTING STARTED What Is In This Chapter Note This chapter contains information on how to use the HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweeper. The information is separated into three sections. Basic For the novice user unfamiliar with the HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers. This section describes the basic features of the synthesizer. Advanced For the user familiar with synthesizers, but not necessarily familiar with how to use the special features of the HP 8360 series.
How To Use This Chapter To use this chapter effectively, refer to the tabbed section “Menu Maps”. Menu maps can be folded out to be viewed at the same time as the Getting Started information, as illustrated. I Equipment Used In Examples 1 The following table lists the equipment used in the operation examples shown in this chapter. You can substitute equipment, but be aware that you may get different results than those shown.
Getting Started Basic Introducing the HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers The HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers are high performance, broadband frequency synthesizers. PACKARD lMENU SELEU PRESET Figure l-l. The HP 83620A Synthesized Sweeper (PRESET) initializes the front panel settings and runs the synthesizer through a brief self-test. In the following examples, unless stated otherwise, begin by pressing (PRESET).
Display Area I ACTIVE ENTRY AND DATA DISPLAY AREA -MESSAGE LINE I SOFTKEY L A B E L A R E A \ SOFTKEYS Figure l-2. Display Active Entry and Data Display Area: This area typically displays the frequency and power state. When data entry is of this area to record the indicates the active entry information of the current instrument expected, the synthesizer uses all or part entries. The active entry arrow (-->) function and its current value.
Entry Area All function values are changed via the rotary knob and/or keys of the entry area. ENTRY ON/OFF ENTRY ON LED \, \ ARROW KEY’S ENTRY / ROTARY KNOB TERMINATOR KMS NUMERIC ENTRY KEYS NEGATlVE SIGN/ BACKSPACE Figure l-3. Entry Area The following are active only when the synthesizer expects an input. O N / O F F ): This key lets you turn off or on the active entry area. Turning off the entry area after a value is entered prevents accidental changes.
CW Operation and Start/Stop Frequency Sweep CW Operation CW operation is one of the major functions of the synthesizer, and is easy to do using front panel keys. In CW operation, the synthesizer produces a single, low-noise, synthesized frequency. Try this example: Press(CW)(iJ@(J@@@@(7J@IGHz). Check the active entry area. It indicates: --> cw: 12345.678000 MHz The data display area indicates CW operation and the frequency that you entered. The ENTRY ON LED is lit and the green SWEEP LED is off.
, ,- ENlRRy dLETT K.ARO - SOURCE MODULE INTERFACE INSWMENT STATE cw SWEEP LED START STOP Figure 1-4. CW Operation and Start/Stop Frequency Sweep CW Operation start/stop Frequency Sweep 1. Press Icw). 2. Enter value. 3. Press terminator key. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Press @TiF). Enter value. Press terminator key. Press (FiSj. Enter value. Press terminator key.
Center Frequency/Span Operation Center frequency/span is another way of establishing swept operation. This is just a different way of defining sweep limits. As an example of center frequency/span operation: Press m(7J IGHz). Press ISPAN) (iJ (GHz). The synthesizer is now sweeping from 3.5 to 4.5 GHz (to view these figures, press either (START) or (STOP), then m). The data display area indicates the center frequency, as well as, the span. Notice that the green SWEEP LED is on.
SWEEP LED CENTER SPAN Figure 1-5. Center Frequency and Span Operation Center Frequent y Span Operation 1. Press (jCENTEji). 2. Enter value. 3. Press terminator key. 1. Press m. 2. Enter value. 3. Press terminator key.
Power Level and Sweep Time Operation Power Level Operation The synthesizer can produce leveled power for CW, swept frequency, or power sweep operation. The selected power level can range from -20 dBm (-110 dBm for option 001 synthesizers) to +25 dBm. For practice: Press area shows: ( POWER LEVEL ) I-] @ @ (dB(mL). The active entry --> POWER LEVEL: -20.
. .,WLETT L”pI PACKARO / SWEEP TIME SWEEP LED POWER LEVEL Figure 1-6. Power Level and Sweep Time Operation Power Level Operation Sweep Time Operation 1. Press CPOWER LEVEL). 2. Enter value. 3. Press IdBo). 1. Press &WEEP TtME]. 2. Enter value. 3. Press terminator key.
Continuous, Single, and Manual Sweep Operation Continuous sweep is the operation mode set when the synthesizer is preset. It simply means that when the synthesizer is performing a swept operation, the sweeps will continuously sweep-retrace-sweepretrace until a different sweep mode is selected. To choose this sweep mode, press (CONT). To change from continuous sweep to single sweep operation, press ($?@. This causes the synthesizer to abort the sweep in progress and switch to the single sweep mode.
SWEEP LED SINGLE CONT SWEEP MENU Figure 1-7. Continuous, Single, and Manual Sweep Operation Single Sweep Continuous Sweep Manual Sweep 1. Press (SINGLE). 1. Press c-1. 1. Press SWEEP (MENU). 2. Press Manual Sweep 3. Use the rotary knob to adjust frequency.
Marker Operation The synthesizer has five frequency markers that can be used as fixed frequency “landmarks,” or as variable frequency pointers on a CRT display. To view the marker features of the synthesizer on a CRT, connect the synthesizer as shown in Figure 1-8. Refer to menu map 2, FREQUENCY. Press [PRESET). Press (START) @ @&). Press (STOP) 0 [GHz). Press [MARKER). Select Marker Ml and enter @ (GHz. The synthesizer is sweeping from 3 to 7 GHz, with a 100 ms sweep speed.
Marker 1 was chosen because it is selected as the delta marker reference. To change reference markers, select Delta Mkr Ref . Select M2 as the reference. Watch the display change to indicate: --> D E L T A M K R ( 3 - 2 ) : 1 2 0 0 .
Saving and Recalling an Instrument State The save/recall registers store and access a previously set instrument state. For example, set the synthesizer to sweep from 3 to 15 GHz at a -10 dB power level, with markers 1 and 2 set at 4.5 and 11.2 GHz. Press [START) (7J (GHz). Press (STOP) (7J (?J (GHz. P r e s s ( P O W E R LEVEL] I - ] (iJ (TJ 0). Press (MARKER). Select Marker Ml @ 0 @ IGHz). Select Marker M2 0 0 0 @ (GHzl. To save this instrument state in register 1, press (SAVE) (iJ.
RECALL Figure 1-9. Saving and Recalling an Instrument State Save Recall 1. Setup synthesizer as desired. 2. Press [SAVE. 3. Press a number 1 through 8. 1. Press @EGiIiJ. 2. Press a number 0 through 8.
Power Sweep and Power Slope Operation Power Sweep Operation The power sweep function allows the power output to be swept (positive or negative) when the synthesizer is in the CW frequency mode. The power output of the synthesizer determines the maximum leveled power sweep that can be accomplished. For this example refer to the “Menu Map” section. Zero and calibrate the power meter. Connect the instruments as shown in Figure l-10. Press @ @ [GHz). Press ( P O W E R LEVEL) (TJ (YiJ.
Select Power Sweep (asterisk on). Press (SINGLE]. The synthesizer performs a power sweep beginning at -20 dBm and ending at f5 dBm. The power meter indicates +25 dB. Power Slope Operation This function allows for compensation of high frequency system or cable losses by linearly increasing the power output as the frequency increases. For this example refer to the “Menu Map” section. Press Power Slope , the active entry area displays: --> RF SLOPE: X. XX dB/GHz, where X is a numeric value.
P O U E R IlETER SYNTHESIZER ‘UT Figure l-10. Power Sweep and Power Slope Operation Power Sweep Power Slope 1. Press POWER (jMENU). 1. Press POWER (jj). 2. Select Pouer Saeep . 3. Enter a value. 4. Press terminator key. 2 . S e l e c t Power S l o p e 3. Enter a value. 4. Press terminator key.
Advanced Getting Started Advanced This section of Chapter 1 describes the use of many of the unique features of the HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers. The format used is similar to the one used on the previous pages. When referred to a menu map number, go to the Menu Map tab and unfold the menu map so that you can view it together with the text. Some menus have more than one page of softkeys. Select the more m/n softkey to view the next page of softkeys.
Advanced Table l-l.
Externally Leveling the Synthesizer Leveling with Detectors/Couplers /Splitters In externally leveled operations, the output power from the synthesizer is detected by an external sensor. The output of this detector is returned to the leveling circuitry, and the output power is automatically adjusted to keep power constant at the point of detection. Figure l-11 illustrates a typical setup for external leveling.
To level externally: 1. Setup the equipment as shown. For this example, the detector/coupler setup is used. 2. Refer to menu map 1. 3. Press (ALC). 4. Select Leveling Point ExtDet . 5. Set the coupling factor. Select Coupling Factor c-) @ @ (dB(m)). Note Power splitters have a coupling factor of 0 dB. Figure 1-12 shows the input power versus output voltage characteristics for typical HP diode detectors.
+20 d6V +lO dBV 0 dBV - 1 0 dBV 100 mV iii - 2 0 dBV SQUARE LAW ASYMPTOTE - 3 0 dBV - 4 0 dBV 10 mV - 5 0 dBV -60 dBV 1 mV .-66 dBV - 7 0 dBV -60 dBV .l mV DETECTOR INPUT POWER, dBm Figure 1-12.
External Leveling Used With the Optional Step Attenuator Some external leveling applications require low output power from the synthesizer. The synthesizer automatically uncouples the attenuator from the ALC system for all external leveling points. Press (POWER LEVEL). Note the display. It shows: --> ATTEN 0 dB, POWER LEVEL: 0.00 dBm For example, leveling the output of a 30 dB gain amplifier to a level of -10 dBm requires the output of the synthesizer to be around -40 dBm when leveled.
Leveling with Power Meters Leveling with a power meter is similar to leveling with a diode detector. Figure 1-13 shows the setup for power meter leveling. SYNTHESIZER POUER HETER Figure 1-13. Leveling with a Power Meter 1. Set up the equipment as shown. Be sure to set the power meter to manual range mode and note the range. 2. Refer to menu map 1. 3. Press a). 4. Select Leveling Point PwrHts . 5. Select Pwr Mtr Range. Enter the range value set for the power meter as noted in step 1. 6.
Leveling with MM-wave Source Modules Millimeter-wave source module leveling is similar to power meter leveling. The following figures illustrate the setups for leveling with a mm-wave source module. SYNTHESIZER Figure 1-14. MM-wave Source Module Leveling High power model synthesizers can externally, level mm-wave source modules to maximum specified power without a microwave amplifier.
6 RF OUT RF 4 AORPTER (IF REQUIRED) IN 0 nICROUAVE AWPLIFIER -0 R F OUT I’ll-LINE SOURCE NODULE Figure 1-15. MM-wave Source Module Leveling Using a Microwave Amplifier 1. Set up the equipment as shown. 2. Refer to menu map 1. 3. Select Leveling Point Module. 4. Select Mdl Lev Menu. 5. Select Module Leveling Pt Auto or Front or Rear, depending on where the interface connection is made.
Working with Mixers/Reverse Power Effects Note Uncoupled operation applies to Option 001 synthesizers only. Uncoupled operation is useful when working with mixers. Figure 1-16 shows a hypothetical setup where the synthesizer is providing a small signal to a mixer. The synthesizer output is -8 dBm, which in Leveling Node Normal results in ATTEN = 0 dB, ALC Level = -8 dBm. The mixer is driven with an LO of +lO dBm, and has LO to RF isolation of 15 dB.
swrNEsl2ER WlTN OPflON Do1 RF OUTPUT MIXER LO DETECTOR MEASURES -8 dBm MC LEVEL Q ig-yLO Ll%EL I = +lO dBm -5dBm IF DETECTOR MUISURES - 5 dBm REVERSEPOWER Figure l-16. Reverse Power Effects, Coupled Operation with -6dBm Output sYNTNEsl2ER WITH OPTlON 001 I MC LEVEL - +2 dBm RF LEVEL _ CONTROL ,, Q ATTENUATOR 1 0 dB = +lO dBm DETECTOR MEASURES +2 dBm M C LmEL I I DETECTOR MEASURES -15 d&n j iI 0 REVERSE POWER I I I -5dBm IF Figure 1-17.
Working with Spectrum Analyzers/Reverse Power Effects Reverse power is a problem with spectrum analyzers that do not have preselection capability. Some analyzers have as much as +5 dBm LO feedthrough coming out of their RF input, at some frequencies. The effects of reverse power are less in the heterodyne band (0.01 to 2.3 GHz) where the power amplifier provides some broadband matching. Similarly, at frequencies above 2.
Optimizing Synthesizer Performance Creating and Applying the User Flatness Correction Array The following examples demonstrate the user flatness correction feature: 1. Using an HP 437B power meter to automatically enter correction data for a swept 4 to 10 GHz measurement. 2. Manually entering correction data for a stepped (List Mode) measurement. 3. Making swept mm-wave measurements, automatically entering correction data for an arbitrary list of correction frequencies. 4.
Creating a User Flatness Array Automatically, Example 1 In this example, a flatness array containing correction frequencies from 4 to 10 GHz at 1 GHz intervals is created. An HP 438B power meter controlled by the synthesizer through the interface bus is used to enter the correction data into the flatness array. For this example, refer to menu map 5, POWER. 1.
Setup Synthesizer Parameters 6. On the synthesizer, press (PRESET). 7. FREQUENCY ISTART) @ LGHz), LSTOP) 0 @ LGHz). 8. (POWER LEVEL) (TJ m. Access User Flatness Correction Menu 9. Press POWER [MENU). Select Fitness Menu. 10. Select Delete Menu Delete All . This step insures that the flatness array is empty. 11. Press (6%). Leave the delete menu and return to the previous soft key menu. 12 Enter the frequency points at which the correction information will be taken.
Creating a User Flatness Array, Example 2 This example shows how to use the synthesizer and a power meter in manual entry mode. This example also introduces two features of the synthesizer. The softkey Freq Follow simplifies the data entry process and the softkey List Mode sets up a list of arbitrary test frequencies. The frequency follow feature automatically sets the source to a CW test frequency equivalent to the active correction frequency in the user flatness correction table.
Figure 1-19. Creating a User Flatness Array For this example, refer to menu map 5, POWER. 1. The equipment setup shown in Figure 1-19 assumes that if your setup has an external leveling configuration, the steps necessary to correctly level have been followed. If you have questions about external leveling refer to earlier paragraphs titled, “Externally Leveling the Synthesizer .” Setup Power Meter 2. Zero and calibrate the power meter/sensor. 3.
Access User Flatness Correction Menu 9. Press POWER (z). Select Fitness Menu. 10. Select Delete Menu Delete All. This step insures that the flatness array is empty. 11. Press (=I. Leave the delete menu and return to the previous soft key menu. 12. Select Copy List This step copies the frequency list into the correction table in sequential order. 13. Select Freq Follow. This sets the synthesizer to CW frequency mode to facilitate taking correction information.
Swept mm-wave Measurement with Arbitrary Correction Frequencies, Example 3 The focus of this example is to use user flatness correction to obtain flat power at the output of the HP 83550 series mm-wave source modules. In this case we will use non-sequential correction frequencies in a swept 26.5 to 40 GHz measurement with an HP 83554 source module.
SYNTHESIZER HP 4378 POUER flETER SYNTHFSIZER HP ‘l37B POULR NFTFR HICROURVE RNPLIFIER Figure l-20. Creating Arbitrarily Spaced Frequency-Correction Pairs in a Swept mm-wave Environment For this example, refer to menu map 5, POWER. 1. The equipment setup shown in Figure l-20 assumes that you have followed the steps necessary to correctly level the configuration. If you have questions about external leveling refer to earlier paragraphs titled, “Externally Leveling the Synthesizer.” Setup Power Meter 2.
Note U, V, and W-band power sensors are not available from Hewlett-Packard. For these frequencies use the Anritsu ML83A Power Meter with the MP715-004 (40 to 60 GHz), the MP716A (50 to 75 GHz), or the MP81B (75 to 110 GHz) power sensors. Since the Anritsu model ML83A Power Meter is not capable of internally storing power sensor cal factors, you must manually correct the data entry. Refer to example 2 for information on manual entry of correction data. Setup Synthesizer Parameters 5.
using (address 13 is assumed). Refer to the menu map 8, System, for the key sequence necessary to reach softkey Meter Adrs . Enable User Flatness Correction 13. When the operation is complete, (a message is displayed) the flatness correction array is ready to be applied to your setup. 14. To save the synthesizer parameters including the correction table in an internal register, press ISAVE) 0. (n = number 1 through 8). 15. Disconnect the power meter/sensor and press (FLTNESS ON/OFF) [amber LED on).
Scalar Analysis Measurement with User Flatness Corrections, Example 4 The following example demonstrates how to setup a scalar analysis measurement (using an HP 8757 Scalar Network Analyzer) of a 2 to 20 GHz test device such as, an amplifier. User flatness correction is used to compensate for power variations at the test port of a directional bridge. Follow the instructions to set up the synthesizer, then configure the system as shown in Figure 1-21.
the stored register. Make sure that user flatness correction is still enabled before making the measurement. When an HP 437B power meter is used to automatically enter the correction data, the correction calibration routine automatically turns off any active modulation, then re-activates the modulation upon the completion of the data entry process. Therefore, the scalar pulse modulation that is automatically enabled in a scalar measurement system is disabled during an HP 437B correction calibration.
9. Press (PRIOR). Leave the delete menu and return to the previous soft key menu. 10. Select Auto Fill Start @ m). Set the first frequency in correction table to 2 GHz. 11. Auto Fill Stop @ @J (GHz). Set the last frequency in correction table to 20 GHz. 12. Auto Fill Incr 0 @ @ INIHz). Set the frequency increment to every 100 MHz from 2 to 20 GHz. Setup Power Meter 13. Zero and calibrate the power meter/sensor. 14. Connect the power sensor to test port. 15.
23. On the synthesizer, press [FLTNESS ON/OFF) (amber LED on). The power produced at the point where the power meter/sensor was disconnected is now calibrated at the frequencies and power level specified above.
Using Detector Calibration Detector calibration is useful for characterizing and compensating for negative diode detectors used in external leveling. Detectors may be characterized by three operating regions as shown in Figure 1-12: the square law, the linear, and the transition region. The following steps use an HP 437B to automatically characterize the operating regions and use this information to automatically compensate for the detector being used.
If an HP-IB error message is displayed verify that the interface connections are correct. Check the HP-IB address of the power meter and ensure that it is the same address the synthesizer is using (address 13 is assumed). Refer to the menu map 8, System, for the key sequence necessary to reach softkey Meter A&s . 9. When the operation is complete, (a message is displayed) disconnect the power meter/sensor.
Using the Tracking Feature Peaking Peaking is the function that aligns the output filter (YTM) so that its passband is centered on the RF output, in CW or manual-sweep mode. Use peaking to obtain the maximum available power and spectral purity, and best pulse envelopes, at any given frequency above 2.35 GHz (or 2 GHz, when 2 GHz is the minimum frequency specified). The YTM is inactive for the low band frequencies (10 MHz to 2.35 GHz). To peak at the present CW frequency: Press ( U S E R ) .
ALC Bandwidth Selection The ALC bandwidth defaults at factory preset to the auto selection ALC Bandwidth Select Auto which selects the appropriate bandwidth (high or low) for each application. To make the bandwidth selection, the synthesizer determines which functions are activated and uses the decision tree shown in Figure l-23. 1 NO M( on? -or- Low’ SW SEh? -orList FlVCp.lK# -orSOP swamp7 NO T Low Bw I Figure l-23.
Using Step Sweep 1. Refer to menu map 2. 2. Press FREQUENCY [e]. 3. Select Step Swp Menu. 4. Select Step Size. Enter the desired increment value. 5. Select Step Points. Enter the number of points desired. 6. Determine the dwell time desired, select Step Dwell and enter a value, or choose the dwell time determined by the ramp mode sweep time, select ISwe Coupled . 7. Determine the triggering scheme, select Step Swp Pt Trig Auto , Bus, or Ext 8. Press SWEEP (MENU). 9.
Creating and Using a Frequency List 1. Refer to menu map 2. 2. Press FREQUENCY (hnENU). 3. Select List Menu. To use the frequency points of a frequency list to create the frequency portion of the user flatness correction array: 1. Refer to menu map 5. 2. Press POWER (‘MENU). 3. Select Fltnesa Menu. 4. Select Copy List .
Using the Security Features To access the security menu: 1. Refer to menu map 8. 2. Press SYSTEM @K). 3. S e l e c t S e c u r i t y M e n u .
Changing the Preset Parameters 1. Setup the synthesizer in the desired operation state to be used as the preset state. 2. Refer to menu map 8. 3. Press SYSTEM (e). 4. Select Save User Preset. 5. Select Preset Mode User. Whenever the (PRESET) key is pressed, the synthesizer will return to the operation state setup and saved in steps 1 and 4.
Programming Getting Started Programming HP-IB, the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus, is the instrument-toinstrument communication system between the synthesizer and up to 14 other instruments. Any instrument having HP-IB capability can be interfaced to the synthesizer, including non-HP instruments that have “GPIB,” “IEEE-488,” “ ANSI MC1.l,” or “IEC-625” capability (these are common generic terms for HP-IB; all are electrically equivalent although IEC-625 uses a unique connector).
HP-IB General Information Interconnecting Cables Figure C-2 shows the synthesizer rear-panel HP-IB connector and suitable cables, and describes the procedures and limitations for interconnecting instruments. Cable length restrictions, also described in Figure C-2, must be observed to prevent transmission. Instrument Addresses Each instrument in an HP-IB network must have a unique address, ranging in value from 00-30 (d ecimal).
In the programming explanations that follow, specific examples are included that are written in a generic dialect of the BASIC language. BASIC was selected because the majority of HP-IB computers have BASIC language capability. However, other languages can also be used.
Remote Remote causes an instrument to change from local control to remote control. In remote control, the front panel keys are disabled (except for the (LOCAL] key and the POWER switch), and the amber REMOTE annunciator is lighted. The syntax is: where the device selector is the address of the instrument appended to the HP-IB port number. Typically, the HP-IB port number is 7, and the default address for the synthesizer is 19, so the device selector is 719.
Local Local is the complement to REMOTE, causing an instrument to return to local control with a fully enabled front panel. The syntax is: Some BASIC examples: 10 LOCAL 7 which effects all instruments in the network, or 10 LOCAL 719 for an addressed instrument (address 19). Related statements used by some computers: RESUME Clear Clear causes all HP-IB instruments, or addressed instruments, to assume a “cleared” condition, with the definition of “cleared” being unique for each device.
to clear an addressed instrument. Related statements used by some computers: RESET CONTROL SEND The preceding statements are primarily management commands that do not incorporate programming codes. The following two statements do incorporate programming codes, and are used for data communication. output Output is used to send function commands and data commands from the controller to the addressed instrument.
CONVERT IMAGE IOBUFFER TRANSFER Enter Enter is the complement of OUTPUT, and is used to transfer data from the addressed instrument to the controller. The syntax is: ENTER is always used in conjunction with OUTPUT, such as: 100 OUTPUT 719; ” . . . programming codes . . . ‘I 110 ENTER 719; ‘I . . . response data.. . ‘I ENTER statements are commonly formatted, which requires the secondary command USING and the appropriate image items.
(line feed) is received. However, the LF bit pattern could coincidentally occur randomly in a long string of binary data, where it might cause a false termination. Also, the bit patterns for the ASCII CR (carriage return), comma, or semicolon might cause a false termination. Suppression of the EOI causes the computer to accept all bit patterns as data, not commands, and relies on the HP-IB EOI (end or identify) line for correct end-of-data termination.
Getting Started with SCPI This section of Chapter 1 describes the use of the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments language (SCPI). This section explains how to use SCPI commands in general. The instrument command summary (at the end of this chapter) lists the specific commands available in your instrument. This section presents only the basics of SCPI. If you want to explore the topic in greater depth, see the paragraph titled, “Related Documents.
Standard Notation This section uses several forms of notation that have specific meaning. Command Mnemonics Many commands have both a long and a short form, and you must use either one or the other (SCPI does not accept a combination of the two). Consider the FREQuency command, for example. The short form is FREQ and the long form is FREQUENCY (this notation style is a shorthand to document both the long and short form of commands).
Commands and Responses,” discusses message terminators in more detail. Response Examples Response examples look like this: 1.23 These are the characters you would read from an instrument after sending a query command. To actually pull them from the instrument into the controller, use the input statement appropriate to your application programming language. If you have problems, study the details of how the input statement operates.
Essentials for Beginners Program and Response Messages This subsection discusses elementary concepts critical to first-time users of SCPI. Read and understand this subsection before going on to another. This subsection includes the following topics: Program and Response Messages These paragraphs introduce the basic types of messages sent between instruments and controllers. Subsystem Command Trees These paragraphs describe the tree structure used in subsystem commands.
c root level 1 level cc BB 2 +I EE FF GG DD rtl HH JJ Figure l-25. A Simplified Command Tree In the command tree shown in Figure l-25, the command closest to the top is the root command, or simply the root. Notice that you must follow a particular path to reach lower level subcommands. For example, if you wish to access the GG command, you must follow the path AA to BB to GG.
n Semicolon A semicolon separates two commands in the same message without changing the current path. w Whitespace White space characters, such as and , are generally ignored. There are two important exceptions. White space inside a keyword, such as :FREq uency, is not allowed. You must use white space to separate parameters from commands. For example, the between LEVel and 6.2 in the command :POWer : LEVel 6.2 is mandatory. White space does not affect the current path.
BB cc l-h EE FF GG rtl HH JJ 0 QQ R DD R Sets current path to ROOT D 0 N NO change to current path :AA:BB:EE;FF;GG 0D Set current path DOWN one level 4) vmv :AA:BB:EE; :AA:DD:JJ Figure l-26. Proper Use of the Colon and Semicolon In Figure l-26, notice how proper use of the semicolon can save typing.
Subsystem Command Tables These paragraphs introduce a more complete, compact way of documenting subsystems using a tabular format. The command table contains more information than just the command hierarchy shown in a graphical tree. In particular, these tables list command parameters for each command and response data formats for queries. To begin this exploration of command tables, consider a simplified SWEep subsystem for the synthesizer in both the graphical and tabular formats.
the matching command. The parameter type is listed adjacent to each named parameter. More About Commands Query and Event Commands. Because you can query any value that you can set, the query form of each command is not shown explicitly in the command tables. For example, the presence of the synthesizer : SWEep : DWELl command implies that a : SWEep : DWELl? also exists. If you see a table containing a command ending with a question mark, it is a query only command.
The command is correct and will not cause errors. It is equivalent to sending: “FREquency : CW 5 GHZ ; : FREUuency :MULTiplier 2”. Example 2: “FREquency 5 GHZ; MULTiplier 2” This command results in a command error. The command makes use of the default [:CW] node. When using a default node, there is no change to the current path position. Since there is no command “MULT” at the root, an error results. A correct way to send this is: “FREIJ 5 GHZ ; FREq : MULT 2” or as in example 1.
-7.89E-01 +256 .5 use either E or e in exponentials leading + allowed digits left of decimal point optional Examples of numeric parameters in commands: 100 OUTPUT @Source ; ” : FREquency : STARt l.OE+09” 1 IO OUTPUT @Source ; I’ : LIST:FREquency lO.Oe+9,le+7” Extended Numeric Parameters. Most measurement related subsystems use extended numeric parameters to specify physical quantities. Extended numeric parameters accept all numeric parameter values and other special values as well.
Although discrete parameters values look like command keywords, do not confuse the two. In particular, be sure to use colons and spaces properly. Use a colon to separate command mnemonics from each other. Use a space to separate parameters from command mnemonics. Boolean Parameters. Boolean parameters represent a single binary condition that is either true or false. There are only four possible values for a Boolean parameter.
Example Programs The following is an example program using SCPI compatible instruments. The example is written in HP BASIC. This example is a stimulus and response application. It uses a source and counter to test a voltage controlled oscillator. Example Program Description. This example demonstrates how several SCPI instruments work together to perform a stimulus/response measurement. This program measures the linearity of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO).
210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 OUTPUT OStimulus;"*IDN?" ENTER OStimulus;Id$ PRINT Id$ PRINT ! PRINT "Counter Used . . .
a 1 in the source Output Queue. The program waits at line 410 until the 1 returned by *OPC? is entered. Note that following each OUTPUT containing a query is an ENTER to retrieve the queried value. If you do not use paired OUTPUTS and ENTERS, you can overwrite data in the instrument Output Queue and generate instrument errors. 470 to 480: Disconnect output terminals of the instruments from the unit under test, and end the program.
Details of Commands and Responses In This Subsection Program Message Syntax This subsection describes the syntax of SCPI commands and responses. It provides many examples of the data types used for command parameters and response data. The following topics are explained: Program Message Syntax These paragraphs explain how to properly construct the messages you send from the computer to instruments.
a semicolon. You must always end a program message with one of the three program message terminators shown in Figure l-29. Use , C-END>, or <-END> as the program message terminator. The word <-END>> means that EOI is asserted on the HP-IB interface at the same time the preceding data byte is sent. Most programming languages send these terminators automatically. For example, if you use the HP BASIC OUTPUT statement, is automatically sent after your last data byte.
NOTE: SP = white space, ASCII characters 0 ,. to 9 ,. and 11 ,. to 32 ,. Figure 1-31. Simplified Common Command Syntax As with subsystem commands, use a to separate a command mnemonic from subsequent parameters. Separate adjacent parameters with a comma. Parameter types are explained later in this subsection. Response Message Syntax ’ l Figure l-32 shows a simplified view of response message syntax. w response data Figure l-32.
SCPI Data Types These paragraphs explain the data types available for parameters and response data. They list the types available and present examples for each type. SCPI defines different data formats for use in program messages and response messages. It does this to accommodate the principle of forgiving listening and precise talking. Recall that forgiving listening means instruments are flexible, accepting commands and parameters in various formats.
rounds the parameter. For example, if an instrument has a programmable output impedance of 50 or 75 ohms, you specified 76.1 for output impedance, the value is rounded to 75. If the instrument setting can only assume integer values, it automatically rounds the value to an integer. For example, sending *ESE 10.123 is the same as sending *ESE 10. Examples of numeric parameters: 100 100. -1.23 4.56e3 -7.89E-01 +256 .
Discrete Parameters. Use discrete parameters to program settings that have a finite number of values. Discrete parameters use mnemonics to represent each valid setting. They have a long and a short form, just like command mnemonics. You can used mixed upper and lower case letters for discrete parameters.
Integer Response Data. Integer response data are decimal representations of integer values including optional signs. Most status register related queries return integer response data. Examples of integer response data: 0 signs are optional +lOO leading + sign allowed -100 leading sign allowed 256 never any decimal point Discrete Response Data. Discrete response data are similar to discrete parameters.
Programming Typical Measurements In This Subsection This subsection illustrates how the general SCPI concepts presented in previous subsections apply to programming real measurements. To introduce you to programming with SCPI, we must list the commands for the synthesizer. We will begin with a simplified example. Using the Example Programs The example programs are interactive. They require active participation by the operator.
Use of the Command Tables In Table 1-4, notice that a new column titled “Allowed Values” has been added to the command table. This column lists the specific values or range of values allowed for each parameter. A vertical bar (I) separates values in a list from which you must choose one value. The commands listed in the table are only part of all the available SCPI commands of the synthesizer.
Table 1-4.
Program Comments 10: Setup a variable to contain the HP-IB address of the source. 20: Abort any bus activity and return the HP-IB interfaces to their reset states. 30: Place the source into LOCAL to cancel’any Local Lockouts that may have been setup. 40: Reset the source’s parser and clear any pending output from the source. Prepare the source to receive new commands. 50: Place the source into REMOTE. 60: Clear the display of the computer. 70: Print a message to the computer’s display.
3. Clear the controller display and run the program. ] that the REMOTE LED on the synthesizer is lit. 4. From the front panel, attempt to change the start frequency and verify that this is impossible. 5. Verify that all keys except (E) are disabled. 6. Now press the (E) key and verify that the synthesizer REMOTE LED is off and that you can modify any of the sweep functions. 7. Execute a “continue” on the controller.
50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 REMOTE Source OUTPUT Source;"*RST" OUTPUT Source;"FREQuency:MODE SWEep" OUTPUT Source;"FREQuency:STARt 4 GHZ" OUTPUT Source;"FREQuency:STOP 7 GHz" OUTPUT Source;"POWer:LEVel -5 DBM" OUTPUT Source;"SWEep:TIME 500MS" OUTPUT Source;" :MARKerl:STATe 0N;FREQuency 4.
160: The source has now completed processing the commands. The RF frequency, power, and markers are at their programmed values. Turn on the RF output of the source. 170: Select a continuously initiated sweep instead of the default mode of non-continuous that was selected with “RST. 180: Clear the computer’s display. 190 to 220: Print a message on the computer’s display. Queries, Example Program 4 The following example demonstrates the use of query commands and response data formats.
70: Set the source to its initial state for programming. 80: Setup the source power level using a compound message. 90: Query the value of the source’s CW frequency. 100: Enter the query response into the variable ‘F’. The response always is returned in fundamental units, Hz in the case of frequency. 110: Print the CW Frequency in MHz on the computer display. 120: Query the value of a boolean function, POWER:STATE. 130: Enter the query response into a variable ‘W’.
70 OUTPUT Source;"*RST;FREQ:MODE SWE;STAR 4GHZ ;STOP 5GHZ;:INIT:CONT ON" OUTPUT Source;"*SAV 1" CLS PRINT "A sweeping state has been saved in REGISTER 1." OUTPUT Source;"*RST;FREQ:CW 1.23456GHZ;:POW:LEV -1DBM" OUTPUT Source;"*SAV 2" PRINT "A CW state has been saved in REGISTER 2." PRINT 'I..... Press Continue" PAUSE OUTPUT Source;"*RCL 1" PRINT "Register 1 recalled. Verify source is sweeping.” PRINT "Press Continue." PAUSE OUTPUT Source;"*RCL 2" PRINT "Register 2 recalled.
160: Recall the instrument state from register 1. It should contain the sweeping state. 170 to 190: Print a message on the computer display and pause. 200: Recall the instrument state from register 2. It should contain the CW state. 210 and 220: Print messages on the computer display.
100: Setup the source’s sweep time to 1 second. 110: Send the "OPC? command to the source to ensure that the previous commands are completed and the source is ready to begin controlled sweeps. 120: Enter the response to the *OPC? into the variable X. The response should be a ‘1’. 130: Start of the loop. 140 and 150: Prompt the operator for the number of sweeps to take. The number of sweeps to take is stored in the variable N. Enter 0 to quit the program. 160: Don’t take any sweeps if N is less than 0.
190 200 210 220 NEXT I PRINT “Finished sending commands to source. ‘I PRINT “Note that execution is continuing for four cycles.” END Run the program. Program Comments 10: Assign the source’s HP-IB address to a variable. 20 to 50: Abort any HP-IB activity and initialize the HP-IB interface. 60: Clear the computer’s display. 70: Set the source to its initial state for programming. 80: Set the source up for a sweep, from 4 GHz to 5 GHz. 90: Set the sweep time to 2 second.
Using the User Flatness Correction Commands, Example Program 8 The following program interrogates the synthesizer and an HP 437B power meter for frequency and power information respectively. The synthesizer (an HP 83620A) is programmed to sweep from 2 to 20 GHz, with frequency-correction pairs every 100 MHz and +5 dBm leveled output power.
OUTPUT @Source; Freq; "GHZ, 0 DB,"; 360 Freq=Freq+Increment 370 380 END WHILE 390 OUTPUT @Source; Freq; "GHZ, 0 DB;" 400 OUTPUT @Source; "POWer:STATe ON" 410 420 !Enter d a t a i n U s e r F l a t n e s s C o r r e c t i o n t a b l e OUTPUT @Source; "CALibration:PMETer:FLATness:INITiate? USER" 430 ENTER @Source; Freq 440 450 WHILE Freq>O Power=FNRead,meter(QMeter, Freq) 460 OUTPUT @Source; "CALibration:PMETer:FLATness:NEXT?"; P o w e r ; "DBM" 470 ENTER @Source; Freq 480 490 END WHILE 500 END IF 510 END 52
860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 Pl=VAL(Power$) Slope2=SGN(P2-PI) IF Slope2Slope THEN Flips=Flips+l Slopel=Slope ELSE IF Slope2=0 THEN Flips=Flips+.
Programming the Status System In This Subsection This subsection discusses the structure of the status system used in SCPI instruments, and explains how to program status registers. An important feature of SCPI instruments is that they all implement status registers the same way. The status system is explained in the following paragraphs: General Status These paragraphs explain the way that status Register Model registers are structured in SCPI instruments.
There may or may not be a command to read a particular condition register. Transition Filter The transition filter specifies which types of bit state changes in the condition register will set corresponding bits in the event register. Transition filter bits may be set for positive transitions (PTR), negative transitions (NTR), or both. Positive means a condition bit changes from 0 to 1. Negative means a condition bit changes from 1 to 0. Transition filters are read-write.
Case Case Case Case A B C D Condition 4-4-N-L T5 T4 T3 T2 Tl Figure l-34.
Programming the Trigger System In This Subsection This subsection discusses the layered trigger model used in SCPI instruments. It also outlines some commonly encountered trigger configurations and programming methods. Trigger system topics are explained in the following paragraphs: Generalized Trigger These paragraphs explain the structure and Model components of the layered trigger model used in all SCPI instruments.
operation state signals the instrument hardware to take some action, and listens for a signal that the action has been taken. :ABORt *RST Idle Initiate Event D e t e c t i o n #l A v Event D e t e c t i o n #N Sequence Operation * Instrument Actions Figure l-35. Generalized Trigger Model Details of Trigger States These paragraphs use flow charts to explain the decision making rules inside each trigger state. These rules govern how the instrument moves between adjacent states.
:ABORt *RST Figure l-36. Inside the Idle State Turning power on, or sending *RST or :ABORT forces the trigger system to the idle state. The trigger system remains in the idle state until it is initiated by 1NITiate:IMMediate or INITiate: CONTinuous ON . Once one of these conditions is satisfied, the trigger system exits downward to the initiate state. Note that *RST sets INITiate : CONTinuous OFF. Whenever the trigger system leaves the idle state, it sets the instrument’s Operation Pending Flag.
upward path and 1NITiate:CONTinuous is OFF, it exits upward to the idle state. Inside Event Detection States. Figure 1-38 illustrates the operation of an arbitrary event detection state named . Typical are TRIGger, ARM, STARt , and STOP. Normal downward execution is controlled by the source command. SOURce The : : SOURce command specifies which particular input can generate the event required to continue the downward path.
Inside the Sequence Operation State. Figure l-39 illustrates the operation of the sequence operation state. The downward entrance to the Sequence Operation State signals that some instrument dependent action should begin at once. An upward exit is not allowed until the instrument signals that its action is complete. Note that complete can be defined differently for different instruments. For example, consider an instrument that can sweep a range of frequencies starting with fr and ending with fi.
_ :ABORt *RST Idle Initiate Sequence b Instrument Actions Figure l-40.
E X T >- & BUS + b Initiate IMMED O- TRIG Event Detection IMMED Sequence I_) I n s t r u m e n t 1 BUS Actions EXT I Figure 1-41. The TRIG Trigger Configuration Description of Triggering in the HP 8360 Series Synthesizers The HP 8360 series synthesizers follow the SCPI model of triggering. It is a layered model with the structure shown in Figure l-42.
the sweep is initiated. This can happen on a continuous basis (INIT : CONT ON) or on a demand basis (INIT : CONT OFF). The functions of continuous and single sweeps are handled by this command. When the 1NIT:CONT ON command is given, the sweep is continuously re-initiated. When in the OFF state, the sweep is initiated with the INIT: IMMediate command. Once initiated, the wait for trigger state is entered.
ABORt The ABORt command forces the measurement or output sequence possible. ABORt does not alter commands, unlike *RST. ABORt cannot be queried. trigger system to the idle state. Any in process is aborted as quickly as the settings programmed by other is a root level event command and IMMediate The IMMediate command provides a one-time override of the normal downward path in an event-detection state.
Related Documents The International Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE Standard 488.1-1987, IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation. New York, NY, 1987. This standard defines the technical details required to design and build an HP-IB interface (IEEE 488.1). This standard contains electrical specifications and information on protocol that is beyond the needs of most programmers.
2 OPERATING AND PROGRAMMING REFERENCE How To Use This Chapter The operating and programming functions of the synthesizer are listed in alphabetical order. Each entry has a complete description, complete programming codes, and a cross reference to the main function group and respective menu map. Cross references to operating and programming examples located in the “Getting Started” chapter are also given. Error messages, instrument specifications, and menu maps are located in their own tabbed sections.
Address Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SYSTEM 8 The 8360 Adrs softkey lets you change the HP-IB address of the synthesizer. Enter the address desired using the numeric entry keys or the up/down arrow keys. The address value may be set between 0 and 30. The synthesizer stores the address value in non-volatile memory. The default address of the synthesizer is 19.
Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE, see the individual softkeys listed. Analyzer: NONE HP-U3 Menu, softkeys listed above. “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. “HP-1B Address Selection” in Chapter 3, INSTALLATION.
0ALC Function Group ALC Menu Map 1 Description HP 8360 User’s Handbook This hardkey accesses the automatic level control (ALC) functions. ALC B# Menu Accesses the ALC bandwidth menu. Coupling Factor Specifies the coupling factor of an external coupling device and causes the display to indicate the power at the coupler main output. Leveling Mode ALCoff Disables the ALC leveling circuits. Relative power level is controlled by means of the level DAC and attenuator.
Par Mtr Range Specifies the operating range of an external power meter used in an external leveling setup. This causes the synthesizer display to agree with the power meter’s power indication. The following paragraphs explain the power control (leveling) function of the synthesizer in detail. ALC SYSTEM - OVERVIEW The ALC system, referred to as a system because it encompasses more than one functional area, is shown as a simplified block diagram in Figure A-l.
Note Two terms are used in the following discussions: power output and ALC level. Power output means actual output power including the effects of the attenuator. ALC level means power levels before the attenuator. In synthesizers without attenuators, these two terms are equivalent.
LEVEL ), the ALC level and attenuator are set automatically to provide the most accuracy for the power requested. ( POWER Uncoupled Operation. In some applications it is advantageous to control the ALC level and attenuator separately, using combinations of settings that are not available in coupled operation. In uncoupled mode (Uncoupl Atten ), when the desired power output is set via ( POWER LEVEL), only the ALC level is changed. The attenuator setting is changed via Set: Atten.
NEOFITIVE DETECTOR Figure A-2. Typical External Leveling Hookup ALC Disabled - Leveling Mode ALCoff , Leveling Mode Search ALC Off. In this configuration, the ALC is disabled, power is not sensed at any point, and therefore the absolute power level is uncalibrated (see Figure A-l). Direct and separate control of the RF modulator (p/o RF Components) and the attenuator is possible. The synthesizer’s front panel indicates the attenuator setting and a reference level.
5. Modulation is re-enabled if appropriate. These steps are performed in approximately 200 ps and are repeated any time power or frequency is changed. See Also Softkeys listed above, Fitness Menu, (MOD), ( POWER LEVEL ), S e t &ten “Externally Leveling the Synthesizer”, “Working with Mixers”, and “Working with Spectrum Analyzers,” in Chapter 1.
ALC Bandwidth Select Auto Function Group ALC Menu Map 1 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey sets the synthesizer to choose the ALC bandwidth automatically depending on the current sweep and modulation conditions. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. SCPI: POWer:ALC:BANDwidth:AUTO ONI1 Analyzer: NONE ALC BW Menu “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1.
ALC Bandwidth Select Low Function Group ALC Menu Map 1 Description This softkey sets the synthesizer to the ALC low bandwidth position (10 kHz). In this mode, the ALC bandwidth operates in a narrow bandwidth for all sweep and modulation conditions. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. Programming Codes SCPI: Sending the synthesizer an ALC bandwidth frequency value of 510 kHz causes it to select the low ALC bandwidth mode.
ALC BW Menu to remain there for all sweep and modulation conditions. See Also (ALC) “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. Altmate Rep Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description Programming Codes This softkey causes the synthesizer to alternate on successive sweeps between the present instrument state and a second instrument state stored in an internal register (1 to 8). Select Altrnate Regs once to turn it on, a second time to turn it off.
AM BW Cal Once Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes USER CAL 9 This softkey causes a single AM bandwidth calibration to be performed. SCPI: CALibration:AM:[EXECute] Analyzer: NONE See Also Modulation Function Group USER CAL AM Cal Menu Menu Map 9 Description See Also HP 8360 User’s Handbook This softkey accesses the AM bandwidth calibration menu. AM BW Cal Always Causes an AM bandwidth calibration to be performed every time a frequency or power parameter is changed.
AM Menu Function Group (MOD) Menu Map 4 Description This softkey (Option 002 only) accesses the amplitude modulation softkeys. These softkeys engage external and internal amplitude modulation. They allow you to define the scaling, waveform, rate, and depth of the internal AM. On/Off Ext Toggles on and off the amplitude modulation mode for an external AM source. AM On/Off Int Toggles on and off the amplitude modulation mode using the internal AM generator.
AM On/OffIO dBfV Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes MOD (MODULATION) 4 This softkey activates the exponentially-scaled amplitude modulation function. Amplitude modulation lets the RF output of the synthesizer be continuously and exponentially varied at a rate determined by the AM input. See “Specifications” for the AM characteristics, input range, and damage level. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active.
AM On/Off 100%/V Programming Codes SCPI: AM:TYPE LINear AM[:STATE] ON]OFF]l]O Analyzer: AM1 function on, AM0 function off See Also LALC), CONNECTORS, (MOD) “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. AM On/Off Ext Function Group Ilvloo_) Menu Map 4 Description This softkey (Option 002 only) activates the amplitude modulation mode for an external source. The AM source is connected to the AM modulation connector.
Amp1 Markers AM On/Off In-t Function Group Menu Map Description INIOD) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) activates the internal amplitude modulation mode. No external source is needed. When internal AM is in effect, the parameters are controlled by the following softkeys: Internal AM Rate Internal AM Depth AM Type 100%/V AM Type 1OdBfV Deep AM Waveform Menu. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that internal AM is active and HP~ is displayed on the message line.
Amp1 Markers amplitude values. An asterisk next to the key label indicates this feature is active. Programming Codes See Also SCPI: MARKer:AOFF Analyzer: AK1 function on, AK0 function off. (j) “Marker Operation” in Chapter 1. “Setting Up A Typical Sweep, Example Program 2” in Chapter 1. AM Type 10 dB/V Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes MOD (MODULATION) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) scales the amplitude modulation exponentially.
ANALYZER STATUS REGISTER AM Type 100%/V Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes MOD (MODULATION) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) scales the amplitude modulation function linearly. The amplitude of the RF output changes linearly as a function of AM input changes (or at a rate set by softkey for internal AM). S ee “Specifications” for the AM characteristics, input range, and damage level. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. SCPI: AM:TYPE LINear .
ANALYZER STATUS REGISTER STATUS BYTE (#l) Bit # 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Decimal Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Function SRQ on new REQUEST SERVICE frequencies or sweep (RQS) time in effect. SRQ on SRQ on HP-IB or End of syntax error.
Arrow Keys Bit 2: Oven for the reference crystal oscillator is not at operating temperature. Bit 3: External reference frequency is selected. Bit 4: OF to latched CS or RF is unlocked (UNLOCK appears in the message line). Use determine the source of the unlocked output. This bit remains until this status byte has been read, or until cleared by the CLEAR 719 commands. Bit 5: ac line power interruption has occurred since the last Instrument Preset. This bit also remains latched until read or cleared.
Arrow Keys Programming Codes SCPI: No specific command is available, but the key can be addressed, see SCPI Key Numbers. Analyzer: NONE See Also Fitness Menu, List Menu “Entry Area” and “Creating and Applying the User Flatness Correction Array” in Chapter 1. (EiEi) Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also USER DEFINED NONE This hardkey lets you select any softkey and assign its function to 1 of 12 user defined keys in the [USER DEFINED) Menu.
Auto Fill Incr Auto Fill Incr Function Group FREQUENCY, POWER Menu Map 2,s Description This softkey is used in two locations: Fitness Menu and List Menu. Flatness Menu - When selected, the synthesizer waits for a frequency increment value to be entered. --> Increment: is displayed in the active entry area. A list of frequencies is created automatically, beginning at the auto fill start frequency and always ending with the auto fill stop frequency.
Auto Fill #F'ts Function Group FREQUENCY, POWER Menu Map 2,s Description This softkey is used in two locations: Fitness Menu and List Menu. Flatness Menu - When selected, the synthesizer waits for a numeric value representing the number of correction points to be entered. --> Number of Correction Points: is displayed in the active entry area. A list of frequencies containing the number of specified points is created automatically.
Auto Fill Stop Auto Fill Start Function Group FREQUENCY, POWER Menu Map 2,s Description This softkey is used in two locations: Fltness Menu and List Menu. The operation is the same in both applications. This softkey enables the entry of a start frequency used to determine the beginning frequency of the automatic filling array. The array is not created until either the increment value or the number of points is assigned. The auto fill start frequency does not affect the synthesizer start frequency.
Au&s Fill Stop where X represents a numeric value. Unless a previous entry was made, the display indicates the synthesizer maximum frequency. Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE,see Fltaess Menu or List Menu Analyzer: NONE Fltness Menu, List Menu “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. Auto Track Function Group POWER, USER CAL Menu Map 5,9 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey optimizes the tracking of the synthesizer’s output filter to the oscillator.
B Blank Disp Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description When this softkey is selected, it causes the top four lines of the display to blank and remain blank until the [PRESET) key is pressed. Blanking the display prevents sensitive information from being displayed. As an added benefit, remote execution time is reduced because the display does not require refreshing. This key does not disable any other key functions. An asterisk next to the key label indicates this function is active.
C (CENTER) Function Group Menu Map Description FREQUENCY NONE This hardkey lets you select the center frequency for center frequency/frequency span swept operation. When you press [?Ki=i$, the synthesizer displays: --> CENTER: XXXXX MHz. Where XXXXX represents a frequency value. Use the entry area to set the desired value. Certain center frequency and frequency span combinations cause the synthesizer to limit the value entered.
Center=Narker Function Group MARKER Menu Map 3 Description This softkey sets the center frequency of the sweep to the frequency of the most recently activated marker. Select any marker Ml . . . M5, then select Center=Marker to change the center frequency of the sweep to that of the marker.
Clear Nemorg Clear Memory Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description This softkey causes the synthesizer to return to the factory preset instrument state, after writing alternating ones and zeroes over all state information, frequency lists, and save/recall registers a selected number of times. When you select Clear Memory , the synthesizer displays the following in the active entry area: --> # OF TIMES TO CLEAR MEMORY: X Enter the number of times the state information should be overwritten.
Clear Point Function Group POWER Menu Map 5 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey lets you change the correction value for the active frequency point to the “Undefined” state. SCPI: NONE, see Fltness Menu Analyzer: NONE (ALC), Fitness Menu “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. CONNECTORS BNC Connectors AM/FM OUTPUT (Option 002 only) Outputs the internallygenerated AM or FM waveform. This output can drive 500 or greater.
decreases by 10 dB. For every +lV, increases by 10 dB. So the dynamic range of positive to negative power levels is dependent on the synthesizer power level setting. The input impedance for this input connector is factory set at 500, but can be switched to 2 kfl. Refer to “Adjustments” in the Calibration manual. See “Specifications” for the electrical requirements of the AM input. Damage levels for this input are >+15V or <-15V. AUX OUTPUT provides a reference signal from 2 to 26.
CONNECTORS STOP SWEEP IN/OUT stops a sweep when this input is pulled low. Retrace does not occur, and the sweep resumes when this input is pulled high. The open circuit voltage is TTL high and is internally pulled low when the synthesizer stops its sweep. Externally forcing this input high will not cause damage or disrupt normal operation. 10 MHz REF INPUT accepts a 10 MHz 3.~100 Hz, 0 to +lO dBm reference signal for operation referenced to an external time base. Nominal input impedance is 50 Q.
AUXILIARY INTERFACE 13 25 1 14 RS-232 C A B L E Figure C-l.
Table C-l. Pin Description of the Auxiliary Interface Function Pin# 1 2 No Connection Z-Axis Blanking/Markers 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Spare Spare 10 11 12 Spare Spare Low Retrace 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 No Connection Low Marker Low Qualified Stop Sweep SP are 20 21 22 23 24 25 Low Stop Sweep +5.
CONNECTORS HP-IB connector allows the synthesizer to be connected to any other instrument or device on the interface bus. All HP-IB instruments can be connected with HP-IB cables and adapters. These cables are shown in the accompanying illustration. The adapters are principally extension devices for instruments that have recessed or crowded HP-IB connectors. HP-B SHl AH1 TE L4 LEO SRl RLl PPO DC1 DTl COl-3, 2 8 El 0 ii .. ii t: :: .. 0 Figure C-2.
CONNECTORS operation up 1 km (3,280 ft), and telephone modem operation over any distance. HP Sales and Service offices can provide additional information on the HP-IB extenders. The codes next to the HP-IB connector, illustrated in Figure C-2, describe the HP-IB electrical capabilities of the synthesizer, using IEEE Std. 488-1978 mnemonics (HP-IB, GP-IB, IEEE-488, and IEC-625 are all electrically equivalent). Briefly, the mnemonics translate as follows: SHl Source Handshake, complete capability.
CONNECTORS M O D D2\ RMRVED +5v MOO Cl M O D C O \ +RV M O O ANLG GND +15V / RESERVED/fUUP C N T L \ MOD SENSE MOD MOO bl D I G ;rD MT L’i ( C O A X ) -i5v Figure C-3. Interface Signals of the Source Module Connector The codes indicated on the illustration above translate as follows: HP 8360 User’s Handbook MOD DO Source module data line zero. Signals MOD DO through MOD D3 are the mm source module data bus lines (bi-directional). MOD Dl Data line one. MOD D2 Data line two.
CONNECTORS RF Output Connector The synthesizer is equipped with a precision 3.5 mm male connector (2.4 mm male connector on 40 GHz models). The output impedance, SWR and other electrical characteristics are listed in “Specifications”. When making connections, carefully align the center conductor elements, then rotate the knurled barrel while the mating component remains still. Tighten until firm contact is made. Take care when working with either of these connectors.
CorPair Disable Copy List Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also POWER 5 This softkey lets you copy the frequency information of the frequency list to the flatness correction menu. If there is no frequency list to copy, nothing happens.
Coupling Factor Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also ALC 1 This softkey allows specification of the coupling factor of an external coupler/detector used to externally level the synthesizer output power. Negative coupling factor values are required for valid entry. See “Specifications” for the coupling factor range. SCPI: POWer:ALC:CFACtor [dB]~MAXimum~MINimum Analyzer: NONE ALC A “Externally Leveling the Synthesizer” in Chapter 1.
CW/CF Coupled CW/CF Coupled Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also HP 8360 User’s Handbook FREQUENCY 2 This softkey couples the CW function to the center frequency function. Any change initiated in either one of these parameters causes a change in the other.
D Dblr Amp Menu Function Group POWER Menu Map 5 Description Programming Codes See Also HP 8360 User’s Handbook This softkey accesses the doubler amp mode softkeys. These softkeys are applicable to instrument models with a doubler installed. The doubler has an integral amplifier whose operation is controlled by the instrument firmware. Its use depends on the frequency of operation and on the calibration constants set at the factory.
Deep AM Function Group MODULATION Menu Map 4 Description Programming Codes This softkey activates distortion reduction mode for deep AM operation. Deep AM automatically switches to the ALC off leveling mode when the modulation level drives the “detector-logger” (part of the RF components, see Figure A-l) below its detection range. The modulated waveform is DC coupled and ALC leveled above -13 dBm.
Delete All Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE Analyzer: NONE (MOD), also see “Modulation” and “Pulse”. Delete Menu Function Group FREQUENCY, POWER Menu Map 2,5 Description Programming Codes See Also In the menu structure there are two occurrences of this softkey. It leads to the delete choices for both the frequency list menu and the power flatness menu. Delete All Deletes the complete array. Delete Current Deletes the active line in the array.
Delete All Description In the menu structure there are two occurrences of this softkey. One occurs in the frequency list menu. The other occurs in the power flatness menu. In the both applications, this softkey lets you delete all entries in the array with one keystroke. Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE, see Fltness Menu or List Menu Analyzer: NONE Fitness Menu, List Menu “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1.
Delta Marker Delete Undef Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also POWER 5 This softkey occurs in the power flatness menu. It lets you delete only those points that are undefined. Undefined correction values are noted by the display as Undefined. SCPI: NONE, see Fltness Menu Analyzer: NONE Fitness Menu Delta Marker Function Group MARKER Menu Map 3 Description This softkey causes the difference in frequency between two markers to appear on the synthesizer display.
Delta Marker Programming Codes See Also SCPI: MARKer[n]:DELTa? , Analyzer: MD1 function on, MD0 function off [w) “Marker Operation” in Chapter 1. “Programming Typical Measurements” in Chapter 1. Delta Mkr Ref Function Group Menu Map Description MARKER 3 This softkey displays the five markers available as the delta marker reference.
Disp Status Description This softkey causes the status of various features to be displayed. For example, this is what the synthesizer displays as its status after a factory preset: Pls=Off Lvl=Int RF Slp=Off ALC=On AM=Off Pwr Swp=Off FM=Off UsrCorr=Off SwpMode=Swept Altn=Off SwpTrig=Auto AutoCal=None This key is useful when checking the current operation state of the synthesizer. The following is a listing of the various mnemonics used to indicate status. Table D-l.
Disp S t a t u s Table D-l.
Doubler Amp Mode Off Programming Codes SCPI: POWer:AMPLifier:STATE:AUTO ONlOFF[Oll POWer:AMPLifier:STATE:AUTO? Analyzer: NONE See Also Dblr hp Menu Doubler Amp Mode Off Function Group Menu Map Description POWER 5 This softkey is applicable to instrument models with a doubler installed. The doubler has an integral amplifier whose operation is controlled by the instrument firmware. This softkey turns off the automatic mode of operation and turns off the amplifier so that it is never used.
Doubler Amp Mode On Function Group Menu Map Description POWER 5 This softkey is applicable to instrument models with a doubler installed. The doubler has an integral amplifier whose operation is controlled by the instrument firmware. This softkey turns off the automatic mode of operation and turns on the amplifier so that it is always used. This is an unspecified mode of operation since it can cause increased harmonics and degraded dynamic range at some frequencies.
E 8360 Adrs Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SYSTEM 8 This softkey lets you change the HP-IB address of the synthesizer. Enter the address desired using the numeric entry keys or the up/down arrow keys. The address value may be set between 0 and 30. The synthesizer stores the address value in non-volatile memory. The default address of the synthesizer is 19.
Enter Corr Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE, see Fitness Menu Analyzer: NONE Fltneas Menu “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. Enter Freq Function Group POWER Menu Map 5 Description This softkey lets you enter a frequency point into the flatness correction array. When the Power Fitness Menu is selected, Enter Freq is automatically activated. Frequency points must be entered before correction values can be accepted into the array.
Enter List Freq Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey lets you enter a dwell time for a frequency point in the frequency list array. A frequency point must be entered before a dwell value can be accepted, otherwise the following error message appears: ERROR: Must first enter a List Frequency. The rotary knob and the up/down arrow keys let you scroll through the frequency points available to change the default dwell values. The range of values is 100~ to 3.2s.
Enter List Offset Function Group FREQUENCY Menu Map 2 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey lets you enter an offset value for a frequency in the frequency list. A frequency point must be entered before a power value can be accepted, otherwise the following error message appears:. ERROR: Must first enter aList Frequency. The rotary knob and the up/down arrow keys let you scroll through the frequency points available to change the default power values.
Ext Det Cal Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also ENTRY NONE This softkey lets you turn off (blank) the active entry area and disable the ARROW keys, rotary knob, and entry keys. When any function key (hard or soft) is pressed, the active entry area is reactivated. The yellow LED, ENTRY ON, next to ENTRY ON/OFF indicates whether the entry area is active (LED on=active). SCPI: No specific code activates (ENTRY ON/OFF) Analyzer:EF=off Arrow Keys “Entry Area” in Chapter 1.
Fault Menu Function Group SERVICE Menu Map 6 Description Programming Codes This softkey accesses the fault information softkeys. Use this softkey if a fault is indicated on the message line. Fault Info 1 Indicates the latched status of PEAK, TRACK, RAMP, SPAN, V/GHZ, and ADC. Fault Info 2 Indicates the latched status of EEROM, PWRON, CALCO, PLLZERO, PLLWAIT, and FNXFER. Fault Info 3 Indicates the latched status of CALYO, CALMAN, TMR CNFLCT, and SEARCH.
Analyzer: NONE See Also Function Group Softkeys listed above. SERVICE Menu Map 6 Description This softkey displays the latched status of the following fault messages. PEAK FAIL Indicates that the peak algorithm is unable to align the YTM passband to the frequency of the YO. This fault indication is possible only if a peaking or autotrack routine has been initiated.
Fault Info 2 Programming Codes See Also SCPI:See Fault Menu. Analyzer: NONE Fault Menu Fault Info 2 Function Group SERVICE Menu Map 6 Description This softkey displays the latched status of the following fault messages. EEROM FAIL Indicates that the EEROM (electrically erasable read only memory) has failed to store data properly. Whenever any data is stored in EEROM, the integrity of the data is checked (read back and compared to the data in RAM).
Fault Info 2 Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE Analyzer: NONE Fault Menu Fault Info 3 Function Group SERVICE Menu Map 6 Description This softkey displays the latched status of the following fault messages. Programming Codes See Also CALYO FAIL Indicates that the YO adjusted at power-on or at preset is unable to calibrate. Initiate a full self-test to gather more information if this fault is indicated.
Fltness lbnu Function Group POWER Menu Map 5 Description This softkey reveals the softkeys in the flatness correction menu that control user-defined leveling parameters. Auto Fill Incr Automatically creates a frequency list with all points separated by the specified increment in a given frequency range. Auto Fill %Pts Automatically creates a frequency list containing the specified number of points in a given frequency range.
Fitness Menu accessible over HP-IB. To load correction arrays over HP-IB, the correction arrays must be created in the controlling program and then downloaded to the synthesizer. The corresponding SCPI array creation and control commands are given after the description of this feature. The HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers provide extremely flat power to a test port, for testing power sensitive devices such as amplifiers, mixers, diodes or detectors.
Pltness Menu Frequency (MH Z ) 10.000000 110.000000 210.000000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto Fill -> Start stop # Correction Undefined Undefined Undefined .................... more Pts Incr 213 Figure F-2.
Fitness Menu Theory of operation The unparalleled leveled output power accuracy and flatness of the HP 8360 series synthesizer. This is achieved by using a new digital (versus analog) design to control the internal automatic leveling circuitry (ALC). An internal detector samples the output power to provide a dc feedback voltage. This voltage is compared to a reference voltage which is proportional to the power level chosen by the user.
Fitness Henu If the correction frequency span is only a subset of the start/stop frequency span set on the source, no corrections are applied to the portion of the sweep that is outside the correction frequency span. The following example illustrates how the data is distributed within the user flatness correction array. Assume that the synthesizer is set to sweep from 2 to 18 GHz, but you only enter user flatness correction data from 14 to 18 GHz.
Fitness EIenu Programming Codes SCPI: CORRection:FLATness {[freq suffix],[DB]}2*801 The portion of the above command contained in { } can be entered from one to 801 times. This command creates the frequency-correction pair array similar to the front panel array. The correction entered is at the associated frequency and frequencies in between are determined by linear interpolation. CORRection:FLATness? This command queries the flatness array created with CORR:FLAT.
FW Coupling 1OOkHz See Also (ALC, [FLTNESS ON/OFF), List Menu “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. “Programming Typical Measurements” in Chapter 1. [FLTNESS ON/OFF] Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also POWER 5 This hardkey applies flatness correction to the synthesizer RF output. If no array has been created, pressing this key applies 0 dB of flatness correction at all points. The yellow LED above the hardkey lights when user flatness correction is on.
FM Coupling IOOkHz Programming Codes SCPI: FM:FILTer:HPASs [freq suffix](MAXimumJMINimum sets the AC bandwidth to 100 kHz for any value > 1 kHz and sets the AC bandwidth to 20 Hz for any value 5 1 kHz. Analyzer: NONE See Also [MOD], also see “FM” and “Modulation”. FM Coupling DC Function Group (MOD) Menu Map 4 Description This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the FM input to be DC-coupled. Use DC coupling for modulation rates below 100 kHz.
FM Menu Function Group (MOD) Menu Map 4 Description Programming Codes See Also HP 8360 User’s Handbook This softkey (Option 002 only) accesses the frequency modulation softkeys. These softkeys engage external and internal frequency modulation. They allow you to define the coupling, waveform, rate, and deviation of the internal FM. FM an/Off Ext Toggles on and off the frequency modulation mode for an external FM source.
FM On/Off AC Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes MODULATION 4 This softkey lets you select AC coupled frequency modulation (FM), and makes FM deviation frequency the active function. FM sensitivity is selectable. Use the rotary knob, up/down, or numeric entry keys to choose, 100 kHz, 1.00 MHz/V or 10.0 MHz/V. Frequency deviation is dependent on the magnitude of the input signal. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active.
FEI b/Off Ext Programming Codes SCPI: FM:SENSitivity [freq/V suffix][MAXimum]MINimum FM:COUPling AC FM:STATe ON]OFF]l(O Analyzer: NONE See Also (MOD),CONNECTORS EN On/Off Ext Function Group &j@ Menu Map 4 Description This softkey (Option 002 only) activates the frequency modulation mode for an external source. The FM source is connected to the FM modulation connector. The FM sensitivity function is active. It is factory preset to 10 MHz/V.
FM On/Off Int Function Group IhnoD] Menu Map 4 Description This softkey (Option 002 only) activates the internal frequency modulation mode. No external source is needed. When internal FM is in effect, the parameters are controlled by the following soft keys: Internal FM Rate Internal FM Deviation FM Coupling IOOkHz FM Coupling DC Waveform Menu. The synthesizer is factory preset to a 1 MHz rate, 1 MHz deviation, and sine wave parameters.
FREQUENCY [MENU) Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE, see softkeys listed above. Analyzer: NONE Softkeys listed above. “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. Freq Follow Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also POWER 5 This softkey facilitates the entry of correction values. The synthesizer generates the corresponding CW frequency at the set power level as you scroll the correction cells of the flatness array.
FREQUENCY (MENU) See Also Freq Offset Sets the frequency offset value and applies it to all frequency parameters. List Menu Displays the frequency list create/edit softkeys. Step Swp Menu Reveals the stepped frequency sweep edit soft keys. Up/Down Size CW Sets the frequency step size in the CW frequency mode. Up/Down Size Swept Sets the frequency step size in the swept frequency mode.
Freq Offset The factory preset value is 1. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. Programming Codes SCPI: FREQuency:MULTiplier IMAXimumJMinimum FREQuency:MULTiplier:STATe ONlOFFlllO will be rounded to the nearest integer. Analyzer: SHFA See Also FREQUENCY (MENU), Freq Offset Freq Offset Function Group Menu Map Description FREQUENCY 2 This softkey lets you set a frequency offset value and applies it to all frequency parameters.
FulliTsr Cal Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes USER CAL 9 This softkey initiates a full synthesizer user calibration. The calibration performed is instrument state dependent. For example, if the synthesizer is in ramp sweep mode, a sweep span calibration and an auto track is done. If the synthesizer has amplitude modulation active on a CW signal, then RF peaking and an AM bandwidth calibration is performed. SCPI: See the individual types of calibration.
Global Dwell Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also FREQUENCY 2 This softkey is used to set a dwell time value for all points in the frequency list array. SCPI: NONE,see List Menu Analyzer:NONE Enter List Dwell, List Menu “Optimizing Synthesizer Performance” in Chapter 1. Global Offset Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also HP 8360 User’s Handbook FREQUENCY 2 This softkey is used to set an offset value for all points in the frequency list array.
H HP-IB Address To set the synthesizer’s HP-IB address, refer to “Address” in this manual. HP-IB Menu Function Group Menu Map Description SYSTEM 8 This softkey reveals the softkeys in the HP-IB control menu. Adrs Menu Reveals the softkeys that allow HP-IB addresses to be changed. Programming Language Analyzr Sets analyzer as the external interface language. Progranrming Language CIIL Sets CIIL as the external interface language.
HP-13 lenu See Also CONNECTORS, HP-IB “Getting Started Programming” H-2 Operating and Programming Reference HP 8360 User’s Handbook
I Internal AM Depth Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes (MOD) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the AM depth for internally-generated AM. Use the numeric entry keys, arrow keys, or rotary knob to change the value of the depth. The synthesizer accepts values from 0 to 99.9 percent (0 percent is equivalent to no modulation) and has a resolution of 0.1 percent. The factory preset depth is 30 percent.
Internal AM Rate Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes IIV1OD) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the AM rate for internally-generated AM. Use the numeric entry keys, arrow keys, or rotary knob to change the rate. The synthesizer accepts values from 1 Hz to 1 MHz, however it is specified to 1 MHz only for a sine waveform. Refer to the specifications. The factory preset rate is 100 kHz.
Internal AM Waveform Sine Internal AM Waveform Ramp Function Group IhnoD] Menu Map 4 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the AM waveform to ramp for internally-generated AM. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. The factory preset default is sine wave. SCPI: AM:INTernal:FUNCtion RAMP Analyzer: NONE (MOD_), also see “AM” and “Modulation”.
Internal AM Waveform Square Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also (MOD) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the AM waveform to square wave for internally-generated AM. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. The factory preset default is sine wave. SCPI: AM:INTernal:FUNCtion SQUare Analyzer: NONE (MOq), also see “AM” and “Modulation”.
Internal FM Rate Internal FM Deviation Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the FM deviation for internally-generated FM. Use the numeric entry keys, arrow keys, or rotary knob to change the value of the deviation. The synthesizer accepts values from 1 Hz to 10 MHz. The factory preset deviation is 1 MHz. SCPI: FM[:DEViation] [freq suffix]]MAXimum(MINimum Analyzer: NONE (MOD_), also see “AM” and “Modulation”.
Internal FM Waveform Noise Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also INIOD) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the FM waveform to noise (white noise FM rate; gaussian distribution centered around FM deviation) for internally-generated FM. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. The factory preset default is sine wave. SCPI: FM:INTernal:FUNCtion NOISe Analyzer: NONE (MOD_), also see “FM” and “Modulation”.
Internal FM Waveform Square Internal FM Waveform Sine Function Group Menu Map Description LMOD) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the FM waveform to sine wave for internally-generated FM. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. Sine wave is the factory preset waveform, Programming Codes SCPI: FM:INTernal:FUNCtion SINusoid Analyzer: NONE See Also (MOD_), also see “FM” and “Modulation”.
Internal FM Waveform Triangle Function Group IhnoD) Menu Map 4 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the FM waveform to triangle wave for internally-generated FM. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. The factory preset default is sine wave. SCPI: FM:INTernal:FUNCtion TRIangle Analyzer: NONE (MOD_), also see “FM” and “Modulation”.
Internal Pulse Generator Period Internal Pulse Mode Gate Turns on the internal pulse mode during the positive cycle of the externally generated pulse. Internal Pulse Mode Trigger Triggers on the leading edge of the external pulse input. Programming Codes SCPI: NONE, see the individual softkeys listed. Analyzer: NONE MOD a 1 so see “Modulation” and “Pulse”.
Internal Pulse Generator Rate Function Group IMOD) Menu Map 4 Description This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set a value for the internal pulse generator’s pulse rate. The range of acceptable values is from 2.5 Hz to 3.33 MHz. (These values are obtained by taking the inverse of the period.) The factory preset default is 500 Hz. When this feature is active, its current value is displayed in the active entry area.
Internal Pulse Mode Gate Programming Codes SCPI: PULM:INTernal:WIDTh [time suffix]]MAXimum]MINimum Analyzer: NONE MOD a 1 so see “Pulse” and “Modulation”, See Also 0, Internal Pulse Mode Auto Function Group (MOD) Menu Map 4 Description Programming Codes This softkey (Option 002 only) is the default mode of generating internal pulses. It is not synchronized to any trigger signal. An asterisk next to the key label indicated that this mode is selected.
Internal Pulse Mode Trigger Function Group (MOD) Menu Map 4 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set the internal pulse generator to trigger on the leading edge of the externally generated pulse. SCPI: PULM:INTernal:TRIGger:SOURce EXTernal Analyzer: NONE (MOD_), also see “Pulse” and “Modulation”. Invert Input Function Group (MOD) Menu Map 4 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey (Option 002 only) inverts the logic of the external pulse input.
Leveling Mode ALCof f Function Group ALC Menu Map 1 Description This softkey lets you open the ALC loop. Direct and separate control of the linear modulator circuit (LVL DAC) and attenuator (ATN) is possible (see Figure A-l). The power level must be set using an external indicator (power meter/sensor). If the power level is set when the synthesizer is in CW mode and then pulse modulation is activated, the peak pulse level equals the CW level.
Leveling Mode Normal Function Group ALC Menu Map 1 Description Programming Codes This softkey lets you set the leveling mode of the synthesizer to continuous leveling at the desired leveling point. In this mode, the RF OUTPUT is controlled by the automatic level control (ALC) circuit, otherwise referred to as the leveling loop. The attenuator works in conjunction with the ALC to achieve the full range of power levels. At factory preset, ALC normal is the default state.
Leveling PointIntrnl Leveling Point ExtDet Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes ALC 1 This softkey lets you set the synthesizer to accept an external feedback connection from a negative-output diode detector to level power. The EXT ALC BNC is the input connection for the required signal. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active.
Leveling Point Module Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also ALC 1 This softkey lets you set the synthesizer to level at the output of an HP 8355X series millimeter-wave source module. All models of the HP 8360 series synthesized sweepers drive mm-wave source modules. High power models of HP 8360 drive the mm-wave source modules directly and to specified power levels. An HP 8349B power amplifier is needed in other configurations.
List Menu LINE SWITCH Function Group NONE Menu Map NONE Description The line switch (on/off switch) has two positions, off or standby and on. If line power is connected to the synthesizer and the line switch is set to off, the synthesizer is in the standby state (amber LED on). Standby provides power to the internal frequency standard oven. When line power is connected and the line switch is set to on, the synthesizer power supplies are enabled and a limited self-test is initiated.
List Menu Enter List Power Allows the entry of an ALC output power correction value for a frequency in the frequency list. Global Duel1 Automatically sets the dwell time for all points in the frequency list to a user-specified value. Global Offset Automatically sets the ALC output power correction value for all points in the frequency list to a user-specified value. Pt Trig Menu Reveals the frequency list in the point trigger menu. A frequency list consists of two or more frequency points.
List Menu To remove a frequency point and its associated offset value and dwell time, use the delete menu \(Delete current ) softkey. To remove an entire frequency list, use the delete me!nu, (Delete All ) softkey. Editing ALC Offset and Dwell Time Once a frequency point has been entered, You can assign an ALC offset and a dwell time value. Use either the Enter List Power or Global Offset softkey to enter offset values. Use either the Enter List Dwell or Global Dwell. softkey to enter dwell time values.
List Mode Pt Trig Auto Function Group FREQUENCY Menu Map 2 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey lets you set the synthesizer to automatically step through a frequency list, when the synthesizer is in sweep list mode. SCPI: LIST:TRIGger:SOURce IMMediate Analyzer: NONE List Menu, Pt Trig Menu, Sweep Mode List “Creating and Using a Frequency List,” in Chapter 1.
List Mode Pt Trig Ext Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also FREQUENCY 2 This softkey lets you set the trigger point to be an external hardware trigger. When the synthesizer receives an external hardware trigger, it steps to the next frequency point of the frequency list, provided the synthesizer is in sweep list mode. SCPI: LIST:TRIGger:SOURce EXTernal Analyzer: NONE List Menu, 9t Trig Menu, Sweep Mode List “Creating and Using a Frequency List,” in Chapter 1.
M Ml--M2 Sweep Function Group MARKER Menu Map 3 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey lets you set the synthesizer to start sweeping at the frequency of marker 1 (Ml), and stop sweeping at the frequency of marker 2 (M2). M2 must have a higher frequency value than Ml. If Ml--M2 Sweep is activated when M2 is at a lower frequency than Ml, the values of Ml and M2 are permanently interchanged.
kimaL Suesp the @ and (%J keys. Frequencies in the manual sweep mode are synthesized, just as they are in CW mode. There are two major differences between manual sweep and a sweep generated by activating the CW function and rotating the rotary knob or pressing the ARROW keys. 1. The sweep output voltage ramp is 0 to +lO V in both modes, but in CW mode, OV corresponds to lowest frequency of the synthesizer frequency range and +lO V corresponds to the highest frequency of the range.
Function Group MENU SELECT Menu Map 3 Description This hardkey allows access to the marker functions. Amp1 Markers Causes the synthesizer to display markers as an amplitude pulse. Center=Marker Changes the synthesizer’s center frequency to the value of the most recently activated marker. Delta Marker Display the frequency difference between the active marker and the marker designated by the softkey Delta Mkr Aef . Delta Mkr Ref Reveals the softkeys in the delta marker reference menu.
Marker Ml Function Group MARKER Menu Map 3 Description The softkeyslabeled Marker Ml through Marker M5 function identically. The softkey turns the marker off/on. When an asterisk appears next to the key label, it indicates that the marker is on, but not necessarily active. A marker is only active when it is indicated in the active entry area. The active entry area displays the active marker and its frequency value. Use the rotary knob, the ARROW keys, or the entry keys to set the frequency.
Narker W3 Marker M2 Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes MARKER 3 See MARKER Ml SCPI: MARKer2[:FREQ uency] [freq suffix] or MAXimumI MINimum MARKer2:STATe ONlOFFjllO Analyzer: M2 function on, MO function off. See Also Amp1 Markers, Ml--M2 Sweep , [m), MkrRef Menu , Start=Ml Stop=M2 “Marker Operation,” in Chapter 1. “Programming Typical Measurements,” in Chapter 1.
Marker M4 Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes MARKER 3 See MllRKER Ml SCPI: MARKer4[:FREQ uency] [freq suffix] or MAXimum I MINimum MARKer4:STATe ONlOFFlllO Analyzer: M4 function on, MO function off. See Also An@ Markers,(MARKER), MkrRef Menu “Marker Operation,” in Chapter 1. “Programming Typical Measurements,” in Chapter 1.
Measure Cm-r 811 Markers All Off Function Group Menu Map Description MARKER 3 This softkey lets you turn all the markers off. The frequency value given to the markers remains in memory and will be recalled when the marker softkeys are pressed again. Softkeys Amp1 Markers , Center=Marker , and Ml--M2 Sweep are not affected by turning the markers off. The function (or the frequency values) is retained as the synthesizer settings.
Measure Corr Current Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also POWER r 3 This softkey lets you enable the synthesizer to act as a controller to command an HP 437B power meter to measure a single flatness correction value at the current flatness array frequency. SCPI: NONE Analyzer: NONE Fltness Menu, Mtr Meas Menu “Creating and Applying the User Flatness Correction Array,” in Chapter 1.
Meter Adrs Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description Programming Codes See Also In cases where the synthesizer is capable of acting as a controller to an HP 437B power meter, this softkey enables you to set the programming address of the power meter. The address value can be set from 0 to 30, with the factory default address set at 13. The address value is stored in non-volatile memory.
Meter On/Off FM Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also (MOD) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you display the frequency deviation produced by the externally-generated frequency modulation. SCPI: MEASure:FM? Analyzer: NONE (MOD), also see “FM” and “Modulation”. (MOD) Function Group MENU SELECT Menu Map 4 Description This hardkey allows access to the modulation functions.
NodOut On/Off AM Pulse Pulse modulation is accepted from an external source at the PULSE connector. In addition, pulse modulation can also be internally generated. The pulse is adjustable in standard synthesizers with 1.0 ps resolution. Synthesizers can also produce a 27.778 kHz square wave for use with HP scalar network analyzers. Synthesizers with Option 002 generate a synthesized pulse that is adjustable with 25 ns resolution.
ModOut On/Off FM Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes (MOD) 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you output the internallygenerated frequency modulation waveforms to the rear panel AM/FM OUTPUT connector. When scaled exponentially at 10 dB/V, the maximum output voltage is offset to 0 V and the minimum voltage level is -4 V. SCPI: MODulation:OUTput:SOURce FM MODulation:OUTput:STATe ONlOFFlllO Analyzer: NONE See Also m, also see “FM” and “Modulation”.
FEEDFORWARD Figure M-l.
Amplitude Modulation Amplitude modulation can be accepted from an external source at the AM connector or can be internally generated by synthesizers with Option 002. The damage level of the AM input is f15 V DC. The input impedance of the AM connector is 500. A jumper on the A10 ALC board allows you to change the input impedance to 2 kR (See “Adjustments” in the Service Guide.) The AM can be scaled either linearly at 100% per volt or exponentially at 10 dB per volt.
Amplitude Modulation Uncoupled mode can also be used for the following: n To increase the available AM depth if you are modulating near the minimum power range of the ALC loop. n To offset the power sweep range. n To reduce AM noise by operating at a higher ALC level. AM Rate The maximum AM rate available is limited by the bandwidth of the components in the RF path. At rates of about 100 kHz, the integrator can no longer respond so the ALC loop is eflectiwely opened.
Amplitude Modulation ALC loop open, the minimum level is limited by the modulator’s range to approximately -50 dBm. p out _____-_--_--_--_--_ With Without I Maximum Swcified Power ------ Deep PM On \ AM BW Cal Deep M( On AM BW Cal Deep AM Off Figure M-2. Power Accuracy Over the AM Dynamic Range Calibrating the Linear Modulator The AM bandwidth calibration feature calibrates the linear modulator gain at the current CW frequency.
FM Modulation FM Modulation Frequency modulation can be accepted from an external source at the FM connector or can be internally generated by synthesizers with Option 002. The damage level of the FM input is 4~15 V DC. The input impedance is set to 50R. A jumper on the All FM Driver board allows you to change the input impedance to 600R. (See “Adjustments” in the Service Guide.) The FM sensitivity can be scaled to either 100 kHz/V, 1 MHz/V, or 10 MHz/V.
FM Modulation The FM rate can be decreased as long as the FM deviation remains less than n x 5 x FM rate and less than 8 MHz. I I I I Figure M-3. FM Deviation and Rate Limits If the FM deviation is set greater than the 8 MHz limit, it must be decreased for specified performance. An W:‘Ef?tKlD message is displayed on the message line if the FM deviation exceeds n x 5 x FM rate. Then, either decrease the FM deviation or increase the FM rate until both conditions for FM deviation are met.
Pulse Modulation Pulse Modulation Pulse modulation can be accepted from an external source at the PULSE connector or can be internally generated. The damage levels of the PULSE input are +lO and -5 V DC. The input impedance is 50R. A function generator must be capable of driving TTL levels into a 5Ofl load. With no input signal, the pulse input is held low, so activating pulse with no input causes RF output to shut off. The synthesizer can also produce a 27.
Pulse Modulation Figure M-4. ALC Block Diagram (B) PULSE WAVEFORMS 0 PULSE INPUT 0 RF 1 2 I THIS PEDESTAL THE RF REPRESENTS AMPLITUDE 0 3 LOG AMP OUTPUT 0 4 S/H CONTROL Figure M-5.
Pulse Modulation Leveling Narrow Pulses For narrow pulses of less than 1 /JS width, either use search leveling mode or use unleveled operation. (If you do not, you will see the output level continue to rise as the synthesizer tries to correct for the off portion of the cycle.) In search leveling mode, the RF amplitude is set with pulse modulation off and the ALC loop closed. Then the loop integrator output is measured.
Pulse Modulation Video Feedt hrough Video feedthrough is a video signal at the modulation rate that is superimposed on the RF envelope (see Figure M-6). If large enough, video feedthrough can disturb mixer balance, amplifier bias, crystal detector output, etc. Because it is low frequency energy, it can disturb systems that are not intended to deal with it, especially demodulation systems. High band (>2.
Module Menu Function Group (ALC) Menu Map 1 Description Programming Codes See Also HP 8360 User’s Handbook This softkey accesses the source module selection softkeys. Millimeter-wave source modules can be connected to the synthesizer source module interface connectors (there is one each on the front and rear panels).
Module Select AUTO Function Group Menu Map Description POWER and FREQUENCY 2 and 5 This command sets the automatic selection of the millimeter source module interface connector. The synthesizer looks at both front and rear connectors and determines the type of source module (if any) connected. If a source module is present at both connectors, the synthesizer selects the front connector as the active one. After selecting the interface the instrument frequency limits and multiplier are altered accordingly.
Ffodule Programming Codes S818Ct Bon% SCPI: SYSTem:MMHead:SELect FRONtlREARlNONE SYSTem:MMHead:SELect? Analyzer: NONE See Also Module Menu Module Select None Function Group Menu Map Description POWER and FREQUENCY 2 and 5 This command disables millimeter source module sensing. The synthesizer will not alter its frequency limits and multiplier even if a source module is connected to either source module interface connector. An asterisk next, to the key label indicates this feature is active.
Mudule Select Rear Function Group Menu Map Description POWER and FREQUENCY 2 and 5 This command causes the synthesizer to examine only the rear panel source module interface connector to determine the type of source module (if any) connected. The instrument frequency limits and multiplier are altered according to the source module connected. However, the leveling point is not changed. See Leveling Point Module to set the synthesizer to level at the output of the source module.
more n/m Meter Programming Codes See Also On/tiff FM Displays the FM deviation of the modulating signal. SCPI: NONE, see the individual softkeys listed. Analyzer: NONE (MOD), also see “Modulation”. more n/m Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes ALL FUNCTION GROUPS ALL MENU MAPS The more n/m softkey allows you to page through the menus. Look at one of the menu maps. Notice the line (keypath) drawn from more n/m. By selecting this softkey, the next page of the menu is revealed.
Mtr Meas Menu Function Group POWER Menu Map 5 Description This softkey accesses the meter measure softkeys. Meas C o r r A l l Measures flatness correction values for all frequency points in the flatness correction array. Meas Corr current Measures a flatness correction value for the frequency point currently in the active line of the flatness correction array.
P Peak RF Always Function Group POWER, USER CAL Menu Map 5,9 Description This softkey appears in two locations: the POWER Tracking Nenu and the USER CAL Tracking Menu. The operation is the same in both locations. This softkey causes the synthesizer, when in CW or manual-sweep output mode, to align the output filter (SYTM) so that its passband is centered on the RF output.
Peak RF Once Function Group POWER, USER CAL Menu Map 5,9 Description This softkey appears in two locations: the POWER Tracking Menu and the USER CAL Tracking !lenu . The operation is the same in both locations. This softkey causes an instantaneous, one-time execution of the peaking function when the synthesizer is in the CW or manual sweep mode. It aligns the output filter (SYTM) so that its passband is centered on the RF output.
(POWER LEVEL ) Power(dBm) INT : x.xx. In Normal, Uncoupled Attenuator, the (POWER LEVEL) key controls the Level DAC and Level Control Circuits (see Figure A-l) within the ALC level range (+25 to -20 dBm). The attenuator is uncoupled from the ALC system and is controlled separately with the Set Atten key. When you press ( POWER LEVEL ), the active entry area displays: --> ATTEN X dB, A L C : X.Xx dBm, where X represents a numeric value. The data display area indicates: Power (dBm) INT : x.xx .
[POWER LEVEL) MTR: x.xx . In Normal, Module, the (POWER LEVEL) key controls the output power of the synthesizer as compared to the feedback voltage from a millimeter-wave source module. The attenuator (if present) is automatically uncoupled from the ALC system and the (POWER LEVEL key controls the Level DAC and Level Control Circuits (see Figure A-l) within the ALC level range (+25 to -20 dBm).
POWER (iZiG) Function Group POWER Menu Map 5 Description This hardkey accesses the power function softkeys. F’ltness Menu Accesses the softkeys in the flatness correction menu. Power Offset Changes the displayed power to include an offset, but does not change the output power of the synthesizer. Power Slope Activates the linear, power-per-frequency mode of power output, and makes RF slope (dB/GHz) the active function.
Power Offset Function Group POWER Menu Map 5 Description Programming Codes This softkey changes the mapping of absolute power parameters on input to the synthesizer. It does not change the RF output produced by the synthesizer. The equation used to determine the displayed value is: Entered or Displayed Power = Hardware Power (ALC) + Active Offset. SCPI: POWer:OFFset:STATe ON]OFF]llO POWer:OFFset [DB]]MAXimum(MINimum(UP(DOWN Analyzer: NONE See Also [ POWER LEVEL ) and POWER (FV1ENU).
Power Sweep in dB/Hz, and t is either “DB” or the ASCII LF terminator. For example, for a slope of 1.5 dB/GHz use this procedure: 1. 1.5 dB/GHz = 1.5 dB/1,000,000,000 Hz 2. 1.5 dB/lES Hz = 1.5E-9 dB/Hz 3. The programming code is “SL11.5E-9 DB” See Also CPOWER LEVEL ), Power Sweep “Power Sweep and Power Slope Operation” in Chapter 1. Power Sweep Function Group POWER Menu Map Description Programming Codes This softkey enables the power sweep function.
Function Group Menu Map Description INSTRUMENT STATE NONE This hardkey (green) causes the synthesizer to perform a short version of self-test, and initializes the synthesizer to a standard starting configuration. Two states can be defined for the standard configuration: Factory or User. Press (PRESET) at any time to test the synthesizer and restore to a standard configuration.
Preset'lfade Factory Preset Mode Factory Function Group Menu Map Description SYSTEM 8 This softkey sets the standard starting configuration of the synthesizer when the (PRESET) key is pressed, as set by the manufacturer. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. The following is a description of the configuration. n Start sweep at the minimum specified frequency. H Stop sweep at the maximum specified frequency. n Power level set at 0 dBm. n Sweep time set to auto.
Preset Mode User Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description This softkey sets the standard starting configuration of the synthesizer when the (PRESET) key is pressed, as set by the user. You can define any starting conditions: Set up the synthesizer with the conditions you want, then select Preset Mode User . Now whenever you press (PRESET), the synthesizer returns to the configuration you set.
Function Group Menu Map Description MENU SELECT NONE This hardkey lets you view previous menus. All menus visited from the last preset are remembered and displayed in a “last-visited-first-seen” order. Refer to Figure P-l, and follow the arrow paths as indicated. I SOME OTHER PREVIOUS MENU 0 8 0 : -w-w-m! BANK KEYlABEL AREA 0 0 moR Figure P-l. How [PRIOR) Works The sequence of keystrokes that created the movement shown in Figure P-l is: 1. FREQUENCY [%Kj’-2. mare l/2 3. List Menu 4.
Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE Analyzer: NONE more n/m Programming Language Analyzr Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SYSTEM 8 This softkey lets you select Analyzer Language as the synthesizer’s interface language. This language uses HP 8340/8341 mnemonics and provides HP network analyzer compatibility. Any commands issued within 100 ms of a change in language may be ignored or lost. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active.
Programming Language SCPI Programming Codes See Also SCPI: SYSTem:LANGuage CIIL Analyzer: CIIL Adrs Menu The M.A.T.E. option (Option 700) is documented in a separate manual supplement called, HP 8360 Series Synthesized Sweepers Option 700 Manual Supplement. Programming Language SCPI Function Group Menu Map Description SYSTEM 8 Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI) is the instrument control programming language adopted by Hewlett-Packard.
Pt Trig Penn Function Group FREQUENCY Menu Map 2 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey accesses the list mode point trigger softkeys. List Mcrde Pt Trig Auto Automatically steps the synthesizer to next point in the frequency list. List Mode Pt Trig Bus Steps the synthesizer to the next point in the frequency list when an HP-IB trigger is received. List Mode Pt Trig Ext Steps the synthesizer to the next point in the frequency list when an external hardware trigger is received.
Pulse Delay TrigId Programming Codes SCPI: PULM:INTernal:DELay [time suffix]]MAXimum]MINimum Analyzer: NONE MOD a 1 so see “Pulse” and “Modulation”. See Also 0, Pulse Delay Trig'd Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes IhnoD_1 4 This softkey (Option 002 only) lets you set a value for the internal pulse generator’s pulse delay. The output pulse is delayed from the leading edge of the PULSE input signal. The range of acceptable values is from 225 ns to 419 ms.
Pulse Menu Function Group (MOD) Menu Map 4 Description This description is for the Pulse Menu softkey for synthesizers without Option 002. For the Option 002 Pulse Menu softkey go to the “Pulse Menu” heading that follows this one. This softkey reveals the pulse parameter softkeys. See Also Pulse Period Sets the internal pulse generator’s pulse period. Pulse Rate Sets the internal pulse generator’s pulse repetition rate.
Menu Map 4 Description This description is for the Pulse Menu softkey for synthesizers with Option 002. For the standard 002 Pulse Menu softkey go to the “Pulse Menu” heading that precedes this one. This softkey accesses the pulse modulation softkeys. These softkeys engage external, internal, and scalar pulse modulation. They allow you to define the rise time, and give access to the internal menu for defining the parameters of the internally-generated pulse modulation.
Pulse h/Off Extrnl Function Group Menu Map Description LMOD) 4 This softkey activates the pulse modulation mode for an external pulse source. The pulse source is connected to the PULSE INPUT BNC connector and fed to the pulse modulator through a buffer circuit. When pulse modulation is in effect, the RF output is turned on (programmed power is produced) and off (>80 dB attenuation) at a rate determined by the pulse modulation input. Pulse and amplitude modulation can be in effect simultaneously.
Pulse On/OffScalar Programming Codes SCPI: PULSe:SOURce INTernal PULSe[:STATe] ON]OFF]l]O Analyzer: NONE See Also IALC),m, Pulse Menu Pulse On/Off Scalar Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes (MOD) 4 This softkey activates pulse modulation mode, and sets the internal pulse generator to produce 27.778 kHz square wave pulses (18 ps pulse width, 36 ps pulse period). The rise and fall times of the RF envelope are approximately 2 /.Ls.
Pulse Period Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes (MOD) 4 This softkey lets you set a value for the internal pulse generator’s pulse period. The range of acceptable values is from 2 pus to 65.5 ms. The factory preset value is 2 ms. When this feature is active, its current value is displayed in the active entry area.
Pulse Rise TimeFast Pulse Rise Time klto Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also MODULATION 4 This softkey lets you set the pulse rise time to depend on the state of the synthesizer pulse scalar function. If pulse scalar is on, rise time is set to slow. Conversely if pulse scalar is off, then the rise time is set to fast. The factory default is pulse rise time set to auto. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this function is active.
Pulse Rise Time SlQW Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also MODULATION 4 This softkey lets you set the synthesizer to apply a slow rise pulse filter to both internal and external pulse waveforms. This results in pulses having approximately 2 ps rise/fall times. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this function is active.
Pm E&r Range Pwr Mtr Range Function Group IALC) Menu Map 1 Description Programming Codes See Also HP 8360 User’s Handbook This softkey lets you specify a range of operation (from +20 to -60 dBm) for an external power meter, when a power meter is used to level power externally. The factory preset value is 0 dBm. The value specified for Pwr Mtr Range directly affects the power level range for power meter leveling points. When this feature is active, its current value is displayed in the active entry area.
R Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SYSTEM 8 This hardkey retrieves a front panel setting that was previously stored in a SAVE register (1 through 8). SCPI: *RCL The above is an IEEE 488.2 common command. Analyzer: RCn, where n= a numeric value from 0 to 9. (SAVE), SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY “Saving and Recalling an Instrument State,” in Chapter 1. “Programming Typical Measurements,” in Chapter 1.
Ref Osc Hem 10 MHz Freq Standard None Programming Codes See Also Sets the synthesizer to free-run operation, where no frequency standard is used. SCPI: ROSCillator:SOURce INTernallEXTernallNONe Analyzer: NONE Softkeys listed above. (RF ON/OFF) Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also POWER NONE This hardkey turns the RF power output on or off. Press (-ON/OFF). If the yellow LED above the hardkey is off, power is off, and RF OFF appears in the message line of the display.
S Function Group Menu Map Description SYSTEM 8 This hardkey allows up to eight different front panel settings to be stored in memory registers 1 through 8. Synthesizer settings can then be recalled with the [RECALL) key. A memory register can be alternated with the current front panel setting using the Atrnate Regs softkey. The information stored in memory registers is retained in memory indefinitely when ac line power is constantly available, or for approximately three years without line power.
Save Lock Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description Programming Codes This softkey lets you disable the save function. It prohibits the saving of the present instrument state into a save/recall memory register. If this function is active, an error message is displayed. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this function is active. SCPI: SYSTem:KEY:DISable SAVe SYSTem:KEY:ENABle SAVe Analyzer: SHSV locks the registers, SHRC unlocks the registers.
SCPI Conformance Information SCPI Conformance Information The HP 8360 series synthesized sweepers conform to the 1990.0 version of SCPI.
SCPI Conformance Information :SPAN? :STARt :STARt? :STOP :STOP? n :LIST :DWELl :POINts? :DWELl? :FREQuency :POINts? :FREQuency? n :MARKer[n] :AOFF :FREQuency :FREQuency? :REFerence :REFerence? [:STATe] [:STATe]? n :POWer :ALC :BANDwidth]:BWIDth :AUTO :AUTO? :BANDwidth(:BWIDth? :ATTenuation :AUTO :AUTO? :ATTenuation? [:LEVel] [:LEVel]? :MODE :MODE? :RANGe :SPAN :SPAN? :STARt :STARt? :STOP :STOP? n :PULM :EXTernal :POLarity :POLarity? :INTernal :FREQuency :FREQuency? :SOURce :SOURce? S-4 Operating and Program
SCPI Conformance Information n n n n HP 8360 User’s Handbook :STATe :STATe? :PULSe :PERiod :PERiod? :WIDTh :WIDTh? :ROSCillator :SOURce :AUTO :AUTO? :SOURce? :STATus :OPERation :CONDition? :ENABle :ENABle? [:EVENt]? :NTRansition :NTRansition? :PTRansition :PTRansition? :PRESet :QUEStionable :CONDition? :ENABle :ENABle? [:EVENt]? :NTRansition :NTRansition? :PTRansition :PTRansition? :SWEep :DWELl :AUTO :AUTO? :DWELl? :GENeration :GENeration? :MODE :MODE? :POINts :POINts? :STEP :STEP? :TIME :AUTO :AUTO?
SCPI Conformance Information :TIME? w :SYSTem :ALTernate :STATe :STATe? :ALTernate? :COMMunicate :GPIB :ADDRess :SECurity [:STATe] [:STATe]? :VERSion? n :TRIGger [:IMMediate] :SOURce :SOURce? The following are the SCPI approved commands implemented by the HP 8360 series synthesized sweepers: Instrument-specific diagnostic commands: n :DIAGnostics :ABUS :AVERage :AVERage? :STATus? :ABUS? :ERRor :ADD :INSTrument :PMETer :ADDRess :ADDRess? :PRINter :ADDRess :ADDRess? :IORW :IORW? :LED :ACTive :ACTive? :ERRor
SCPI Conformance Information :IF :SAMP :YO :OUTPut :BANDcross? :FAULts? :FREQs? :UNLocks? :YODacs? :YTMDacs :SRECeiver :ASTate :ASTate? :BCRoss :MODE :MODE? :RSWeep :SWAP :SWAP? :BUCKet :DIVider :DIVider? :SWEep :ARRay[O] l] :LOCK :LOCK? :ARRay[O] l]? :RESult? :TEST :CONTinue :DATA :DESC? :MAXimum? :MINimum? IVALue? :DISable :ENABle [:EXECute] :LOG :SOURce :SOURce? [:STATe] [:STATe]? :LOOP :LOOP? :NAME? :PATCh :DATA :DATA? :POINts? HP 8360 User’s Handbook Operating and Programming Reference S-7
SCPI Conformance Information :DELete :POINts? :RESult? :TINT? The following are the commands implemented by the HP 8360 series synthesized sweepers which are not part of the SCPI definition: n n :AM :INTernal :FUNCtion :FUNCtion? :MODE :MODE? :TYPE :TYPE? :CALibration :ADJust :A4:VCO :A5:LGAin :AG:VCO :AG:SMATch :AG:LGAin :AG:IFGain :AS:OFFSet :AlO:MGAin :AlS:REFerence :A13:GAIN :A14:SRAMp :AM :AUTO :AUTO? [:EXECute] :CONStants :DEFault :NAME? :RECall SAVE :CONStants? PEAKing :AUTO :AUTO? [:EXECute] :FINE
SCPI Conformance Information n n HP 8360 User’s Handbook :INITiate? :NEXT? :RANGe :RANGe? :POWer :ARRay :POINts? :ARRay? :ATTenuation :ATTenuation? :EXTernal :ARRay :POINts? :ARRay? :RANGe :RANGe? :TYPE ’ :TYPE? :VALue :VALue? :ZERO :TYPE :VALue :VALue? :RANGe :RANGe? :RECall :SAVE :ZERO :ALL :SECurity :CODE :STATe :STATe? :SPAN :AUTO :AUTO? [:EXECute] :TRACk :CORRection :ARRay[i] :ARRay[i]? :FLATness :POINts? :FLATness? :SOURce[i] :SOURce[i]? [:STATe] [:STATe]? :FM Operating and Programming Reference S
SCPI Conformance Information [:DEViation] [:DEViation]? :FILTer :HPASs :HPASs? :INTernal :FUNCtion :FUNCtion? n :FREQuency :MULTiplier :STATe :STATe? :MULTiplier? :OFFSet :STATe :STATe? :OFFSet? :STEP :AUTO :AUTO? [:INCRement] [:INCRement]? n :INITiate :CONTinuous :CONTinuous? [:IMMediate] H :LIST :MANual :MANual? :MODE :MODE? [:POWer] :CORRection :POINts? :CORRection? :TRIGger :SOURce :SOURce? w :MARKer[n] :AMPLitude [:STATe] [:STATe]? :VALue :VALue? :DELTa? :MODE :MODE? n :MEASure :AM? :FM? S-10 Operating
SCPI Conformance Information :PERiod :PERiod? :TRIGger :SOURce :SOURce? :WIDTh :WIDTh? :SLEW :SLEW? :AUTO :AUTO? w :STATus :MSIB :CONDition? :ENABle :ENABle? [:EVENt]? :NTRansition :NTRansition? :PTRansition :PTRansition? :SREceiver :CONDition? :ENABle :ENABle? [:EVENt]? :NTRansition :NTRansition? :PTRansition :PTRansition? w :SWEep :CONTrol :STATe :TYPE :MANual :POINt :POINt? [:RELative] [:RELative]? :MARKer :STATe :STATe? :XFER :TRIGger :SOURce :SOURce? n :SYSTem :DUMP :PRIN ter :PRINter? S-12 Operating a
SCPI Conformance Information n n n HP 8360 User’s Handbook :ERRor? :KEY :ASSign :CLEar [:CODE] [:CODE]? :DISable :ENABle :LANGuage :MMHead :SELect :AUTO :AUTO? :SELect? :PRESet [:EXECute] :SAVE :TYPE :SECurity :COUnt :COUnt? :TRIGger :ODELay :ODELay? :TSWeep :UNIT :AM :AM? :POWer :POWer? Operating and Programming Reference S-13
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY Introduction This entry is organized as follows: 1. IEEE 488.2 common commands in alphabetical order. 2. Command table of SCPI programming commands. 3. Alphabetical listing of commands with descriptions. IEEE 488.2 Common Commands a *cLs Clear the Status Byte, the Data Questionable Event Register, the Standard Event Status Register, the Standard Operation Status Register, the error queue, the OPC pending flag, and any other registers that are summarized in the Status Byte.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY a *OPT? This returns a string identifying any device options. 0 *RCL The instrument state is recalled from the specified memory register. The value range is from 0 to 8.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY 1NITiate:CONTinuous OFF LIST:DWELlvalueis 100 /JS (MINimum) LIST:DWELl:POINts? returns al LIST:FREquencyvalueis (MAX+MIN)/2 LIST:FREQuency:POINts? returns a 1 LIST:MANual 1 LIST:MODEAUTO LIST[:POWerl:CORRectionO LIST[:POWer]:CORRection:POINts? returns al LIST:TRIGger:SOURce IMMediate MARKer[nl:AMPLitudeC:STATel OFF MARKer[n] :AMPLitude:VALue 2 DBM MARKer[nl:FREQuency value same as FREq:CENT *RST value MARKer[nl:MODE FREquency MARKerCn] [:STATe] OFF POWer:ALC:BANDwidth:AUTO ON POWer:ALC:
SWEep : STEP value is (StopMAX-StartMIN) /lO SWEep:TIMEMINimum SWEep:TIME:AUTO ON SWEep:TIME:LLIMit 10ms SWEep : GENerat ion ANALog SWEep : MODE AUTO SWEep : MANual : POINt 1 SWEep:MANual[:RELative] 0.50 SWEep:MARKer:STATe OFF SYSTem: ALTernate 1 SYSTem:ALTernate:STATe OFF SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB:ADDRess 19 SYSTem:KEY:ENABle SAVE SYSTem:MMHead:SELect:AUTO ON SYSTem:SECurity:COUNt 1 UNIT:AMPCT *UNIT:POWerDBM *SAV The present instrument state is stored in the specified memory register.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY sending the command: TSW;*WAI allows for synchronous sweep operation. It causes the synthesizer to start a sweep and wait until the sweep is completed before executing the next command.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY Table S-l.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY Table S-l.
Table S-l. HP 8360 SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY (continued) Command Parameters Parameter Type1 Allowed Values FREQuency :MODE free mode discrete CWlSWEeplLIST :MULTiplier freq mult extended numeric +36 t o - 3 6 or MAXimum(MINimum state Boolean ON(OFF(l(0 freq offset extended numeric +99.999 to -99.
Table S-l.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY Table S-l. HP 8360 SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY (continued) Command Parameters Parameter Type1 Allowed Values POWer :MODE power mode discrete FIXed(SWEep :OFFSet power equation offset extended numeric [level suffix] or MAXimum]MINimum]UP]DOWN state Boolean ON]OFF]l]O :RANGe power meter range extended numeric -30 to -9ODB or MAXimumJMINimumJUP]DOWN :SEARch search mode Boolean ON]OFF]l]O]ONCE :SLOPe power slope extended numeric 2.5 to -2.
Table S-l.
Table S-l. HP 8360 SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY (continued) Command Parameters Parameter Type1 Allowed Values IEep CONTrol :STATe dual source mode Boolean ON]OFF]l]O :TYPE type of sweep control discrete MASTerlSLAVe settling time plus dwell time extended numeric 0.
Table S-l.
l ABORt Causes the sweep in progress to abort and reset. If INIT: CONT is ON it immediately restarts the sweep. The pending operation flag (driving *OPC, *WAI, and *OPC?) undergoes a transition once the sweep is reset. AM[:DEPTh] Qnun>[PCTlIMAXimumlMINimuml~num>DB AM[:DEPThl?[MAXimumlMINimum] Sets and queries the percentage of AM when the SOURce is INTernal.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY If this is ON, each time a frequency or power is changed, CALibration:AM[:EXECutel is attempted. l CALibration:AM[:EXECutel When AM is on and the synthesizer is in the CW or manual mode, the synthesizer performs a modulator calibration as long as power sweep is not active. CALibration:PEAKing:AUTO ONlOFFlllO CALibration:PEAKing:AUTO? Sets and queries the automatic peaking function. If AUTO is ON, then a peak is done at regular intervals automatically. After *RST, the setting is OFF.
DIODe PMETer MMHead Initiates a calibration of the external flatness. Depends on value of CALibrat ion: PMETer : RANGe. Initiates a calibration of the power meter flatness. Depends on value of CALibrat ion : PMETer : RANGe. Initiates a calibration of the source module flatness. Depends on value of CALibrat ion : PMETer : RANGe. l CALibration:PMETer:FLATness:NEXT? [lvlsuffix] The parameter is the measured power that is currently produced by the synthesizer.
Sets and queries an array of up to 801 frequency-correction pairs. This correction information is used to create a correction array that can be added to the internal calibration array. The correction entered is at the associated frequency. Frequencies in between frequency-correction pair values are determined by linear interpolation. If a value of START or STOP frequency is specified that is outside the limits of the specified frequencies, the correction applied at those points is 0 dB.
DIAGnostics:INSTrument:PRINter:ADDRess l DIAGnostics:INSTrument:PRINter:ADDRess? Sets the HP-IB address of the printer to use during some of the calibration procedures when the synthesizer assumes HP-IB control. *RST and power on do not effect this command. The default is 1. The default value is set at memory initialization only. l l DIAGnostics:IORW , Performs a write to the I/O Device number specified in the first and sets it to the value in the second .
a string response that identifies the paragraph number in the HP 8360 Assembly-Level Repair Manual to begin the troubleshooting procedure. DIAGnostics:TEST:CONTinue Causes the selftest execution to continue when paused for raw data examination. Does nothing in other conditions. l l DIAGnostics:TEST:DATA:DESC? Returns the description string of the raw data examined during a selftest. It returns “ ” in other conditions.
l DIAGnostics:TEST:LOG[:STATe]? l DIAGnostics:TEST:LOG[:STATe] ON|OFF|l|O Selects and queries the raw data logging ON/OFF switch. Both commands are executable in selftest mode. After *RST, the setting is 0. DIAGnostics:TEST:LOOP ON|OFF|l|O DIAGnostics:TEST:LOOP? Selects and queries the test looping ON/OFF switch. Both commands are executable in selftest mode. After “RST, the setting is 0. l l DIAGnostics:TEST:NAME? [] Queries the name of a selftest by number.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY positions to the bandwidth, < 20 Hz and > 100 kHz, but any numeric is accepted. The value is compared to 1 kHz and the correct position is determined (> 1 kHz sets the position to 100 kHz and 5 1 kHz sets the position to 20 Hz). After *RST, the value is 100 kHz. FM:INTernal:FREQuency [freq suffix] IMAXimumlMINimum FM:INTernal:FREQuency? [MAXimumlMINimum] Sets and queries the frequency (in Hz) of the internal FM source. After *RST, the value is 1 MHz.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY The synthesizer uses “bumping” to move unspecified frequency parameters, but if the final value of any of the frequency headers is the result of bumping, then an error is generated since the user is not getting what was specified. This means, to guarantee sequence independence requires sending the frequency pairs in a single message. Example 1: (present state start = 5 GHz, stop = 6 GHz) FREQ:STARt 20 GHZ FREQ:STOP 22 GHZ an error results since the stop frequency is bumped.
Sets and queries the manual frequency. This controls the output frequency in swept manual mode. The limits are START and STOP. *RST value is the same as FREQ : CENTER. See FREQ : CENTER for more information. FREQuency:MODE FIXediCWlSWEeplLIST FREQuency:MODE? Sets and queries the switch that selects either swept, CW or list operation. *RST value is CW. l l FREQuency:MULTiplier lMAXimumlMINimum l FREQuency:MULTiplier? [MAXimumlMINimum] Sets and queries the frequency multiplier.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY before changing to the next frequency. After *RST, the value is 100 PUS (MIN). LIST:DWELl:POINts? [MAXimumlMINimum] Returns the number of dwells entered using the LIST:DWELl command. After *RST returns a 1. l LIST:FREQuency (Cnum>[freq suffix] lMAXimumlMINimum)i*801 LIST:FREQuency? Sets and queries a list of frequencies that the synthesizer phase locks to in the sequence entered when the list mode is selected. *RST value is the (MAX + MIN)/2.
*RST state is AUTO. LIST[:POWer]:CORRection ([DB]IMAXimumlMINimum~l*801 LISTC:POWer]:CORRection? Sets and queries the list of correction levels that correspond to each of the frequencies entered using the LIST:FREQ command. The attenuator is not allowed to change during the list execution. The number of parameters can be from 1 to 801. After *RST, the value is 0. l l l LIST[:POWer]:CORRection:POINts? [MAXimum|MINimum] Returns the number of correction points that have been entered into the list array.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY MARKer[n]:MODE FREQuency DELTa How the frequency of the marker is determined. Absolute frequency is used. The limits are confined to the present START and STOP frequency limits. The value is specified with respect to the reference marker. (MARKer[n]:REFerence) The *RST values are the same as the FREQ : CENTcommand *RST value. MARKer EnI : MODE FREQuency I DELTa MARKer [n] : MODE? Sets and queries the mode of the specified marker.
MODulat ion : STATe? Queries the status of any modulation. If any of the modulation states are on, then it returns a 1, otherwise it returns a 0. l Power Subsystem Any place where dBm is accepted as a suffix, any level suffix is accepted also. In the absence of a suffix, the units are assumed to be as set by the UNIT :POW command. POWer:ALC:BANDwidthl:BWIDth [freq suffix]lMAXimumlMINimum l POWer:ALC:BANDwidth?|:BWIDth? [MAXimumlMINimuml Sets and queries the ALC bandwidth.
Programming a specific value for POWer : AMPLif ier : STATE sets POWer:AMPLifier:STATE:AUTOto OFF. POWer:AMPLifier:STATE:AUTO ONlOFFlOll l POWer:AMPLifier:STATE:AUTO? Sets and queries the automatic selection of the doubler amplifier state. Programming a specific value for POWer : AMPLif ier : STATE sets POWer:AMPLifier:STATE:AUTO to OFF.*RSTvalue is ON. l POWer:ATTenuation [DB] lMAXimumlMINimumlUPlDOWN POWer : ATTenuat ion? [MAXimum 1 MINimum] Sets and queries the output attenuation level.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY the sweep mode then the output level is controlled by the start, stop, center and span functions. If in the fixed power mode then the output is controlled by the POW C: LEVEL1 command. The *RST value is FIXed. l POWer:OFFSet [DB]lMAXimumlMINimumlUPlDOWN POWer:OFFSet? [MAXimumlMINimum] Sets and queries the power offset. This function changes mapping of absolute power parameters on input to and output from the synthesizer.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY FREQ:MODE Affect on Slope CW or LIST Rotates around 0 Hz. SWEep or STEP Rotates around the start frequency. The *RST value is 0. POWer:SLOPe:STATe ON|OFF|l|O POWer:SLOPe:STATe? Sets and queries the power slope state. *RST value is 0. l l POWer:SPAN [DB] lMAXimumlMINimumlUPlDOWN POWer : SPAN? [MAXimum I MINimum] The coupling equations for power sweep are exactly analogous to those for frequency sweep. Power sweep is allowed to be negative, unlike frequency sweeps.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY analogous to those for frequency sweep. Power sweep is allowed to be negative, unlike frequency sweeps. “RST value is 0 dBm. PULM:EXTernal:DELay [time suffix] IMAXimumlMINimum l PULM:EXTernal:DELay? [MAXimumIMINimum] Sets and queries the value of pulse delay from the time the external pulse signal arrives to when the video pulse is generated. The minimum value is 225 ns. After *RST the value is MINimum.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY Pulse Subsystem Since frequency and period are inversely related, if both are sent in the same message, only the last one is applied. If the WIDth command and either the FREQuency or PERiod command are sent in the same message, they must be accepted without error if the resulting pulse is possible. PULSe:FREQuency Cnum>[freq suffixllMAXimumlMINimum l PULSe:FREQuency ? [MAXimum IMINimum] Sets and queries the frequency of the internal pulse generator.
command to set the switch will cause ROSC:SOUR:AUTO OFF to be done also. The *RST value is automatically determined. l ROSCillator:SOURce:AUTO ONlOFFlllO a ROSCillator:SOURce:AUTO? Sets and queries the automatic reference selection switch. The *RST value is 1. STATus:OPERation:CONDition? Queries the Standard Operation Condition register. l STATus:OPERation:ENABle STATus:OPERation:ENABle? Sets and queries the Standard Operation Enable register. The STATus:PRESet value is 0.
STATus:QUEStionable[:EVENt]? Queries the Data Questionable Event Register. This is a destructive read. l STATus:QUEStionable:NTRansition l STATus:QUJZStionable:NTRansition? Sets and queries the Negative TRansition Filter for the Data Questionable Status Register. The STATUS : PRESet value is 0. l STATus:QUEStionable:PTRansition STATus:QUEStionable:PTRansition? Sets and queries the Positive TRansition Filter for the Data Questionable Status Register.
SWEep:DWELl [time suffix] lMAXimumlMINimum SWEep:DWELl? CMAXimumIMINimum] Sets and queries the amount of time in seconds that the synthesizer stays (dwell) at each step after reporting a source settled SRQ and pulsing the Trigger Out line low. This one value is used at each step when in the SWE:TRIG:SOUR IMM modeofa stepped sweep. Setting SWEep:DWELL setsSWEep:DWELl:AUTO OFF. *RST valueis 100 ps.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY SWEep:MANual:POINt lMAXimumlMINimum SWEep:MANual:POINt? [MAXimumlMINimum] Sets and queries the step point number to go to and lock. The value is a unitless value that is limited between 1 and the number of points requested. This command has no effect on the instrument unless: the sweep mode is set to manual and the sweep generation is set to stepped mode. *RST value is 1.
If you change step size then the number of points will be changed to span/step and a Parameter Bumped execution error is reported. If span or points are changed then STEP= SPAN/POINTS. The step sweep command creates a coupling with sweeptime also. If points is changed through this coupling and DWELl:AUTO is ON and TIME:AUTO is ON then dwell is changed to SWEEPTIME/POINTS. Span is normally an independent variable but is changed to STEP x POINTS if both of these parameters are changed in the same message.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY Sets and queries the save/recall register number to alternate the foreground state of the instrument. The *RST value is 1. SYSTem:ALTernate:STATe ONlOFFlllO SYSTem:ALTernate:STATe? Sets and queries the state of the Alternate State function. *RST setting is OFF. l l SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB:ADDRess Changes the GPIB’s (General Purpose Interface Bus) address. The *RST value is 19. l SYSTem:DUMP:PRINter? Causes a dump of the display contents to be made to the HP-IB.
SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY is not affected by *RST. When you change the value from ON to OFF, everything except calibration data is initialized or destroyed. In particular, data in instrument state and all save/recall registers are destroyed. SYSTem:VERSion? This query returns a formatted numeric value corresponding to the SCPI version number to which the synthesizer complies. The response has the form YYYY.V where the Ys represent the year version (i.e.
SCPI STATUS REGISTER STRUCTURE STANDARD EVENT STATUS GROUP ENABLE REGISTER *ESE <““ml> * ESE? 2 S-56 Operating and Programming Reference I SERVICE REQUEST ENABLE ; ;;E? <““ml> REGISTER HP 8360 User’s Handbook
SCPI STATUS REGISTER STRUCTURE STANDARD OPERATION STATUS GROUP NEGAT,“E TRANSITION FILTER STAT:OPER.Nrn <““rn> STAT:OPER:NTRR? POSKb’E TRANSlTiON FILTER STAT OPEWTR <““ml> STAT”o.OPERotio”:Pt,onsition? ENABLE REGISTER STAT OPER+NAB <“urn> STAT”r.OPERatio”:E”able DATA QUESTIONABLE STATUS GROUP CONDKION REGISTER STAT O”EI COW? POSlTNE TRANSITION FILTER STAT.O”ES Pm <““ml> STAT.O”ES PTW ENABLE REGISTER STAT WES ENAB <““ml> STAT PUES ENAW EVENT REGISTER STAT.
Security Menu Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description This softkey accesses the security function softkeys. Blanlr D i s p l a y Turns off the synthesizer’s data display, active entry, and message line areas. Clear Memory Writes alternating ones and zeros over all synthesizer state functions and save/recall registers a selectable number of times, then returns the synthesizer to the factory-preset state of operation. Save Lock Disables the save function.
Set Atten Selftest (Full) Function Group SERVICE Menu Map 6 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey activates the self-test function of the synthesizer. SCPI: *TST? Analyzer: NONE Fault Menu, SCPI COMMAND SUMMARY “OPERATOR’S CHECK and ROUTINE MAINTENANCE,” Chapter 4. Set Atten Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also HP 8360 User’s Handbook POWER I 5 This softkey lets you set the attenuator separately from the rest of the ALC system.
SINGLE Function Group Menu Map Description SWEEP 7 This hardkey selects single sweep mode, aborts any sweep in progress and initiates a single sweep at a rate determined by the sweep time function. If you press (SINGLE) in the middle of a continuous sweep, the sweep is aborted and the synthesizer retraces to the starting point but does not start a sweep. Press (=I a second time to start the sweep. The amber LED above the hardkey is lit when the function is on.
(SPAN) Function Group Menu Map Description FREQUENCY 2 This softkey lets you set a value for the frequency span in the center frequency/frequency span mode of swept frequency operation. Press w), and use the entry area to enter the desired value. The synthesizer sweeps from the span below to above the center frequency. Certain center frequency and frequency span combinations cause the synthesizer to limit the value entered.
Start Sweep Trigger Bus Start Sweep Trigger Auto Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SWEEP 7 When this softkey is selected, the synthesizer automatically triggers a sweep. This is the fastest way to accomplish the sweep-retrace cycle. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active.
Start Sweep Trigger Ext Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SWEEP 7 When this softkey is selected, the synthesizer waits for an external hardware trigger to trigger a sweep. Connect the trigger pulse to TRIGGER INPUT. It is activated on a TTL rising edge. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active.
Step Control Master SCRLAR NETUORK RNRLYZER NRSTER SYNTHESIZER SLRVE SYNTHESIZER Figure S-l. Connections Required for a Two-Tone Scalar Network Analyzer Measurement System 1. Designate one synthesizer as the master, the other as the slave. 2. Make the connections. 3. To avoid synchronization problems, always set up the slave (frequency and power) before setting up the master. 4. Set up the master (frequency, power, and sweep time). 5. Set the sweep time on the slave. 6.
Step Control Slave Function Group FREQUENCY Menu Map 2 Description This softkey lets you designate the synthesizer as the slave in a dual synthesizer measurement system. A dual synthesizer system (two-tone measurement system) facilitates accurate device characterizations by providing one timebase reference for both sources. Figure S-l shows the connections required for a two-tone system. On the message line, the status message EXT REF appears indicating the synthesizer has an external timebase reference.
Step Points Programming Codes SCPI: SWEep:CONTrol:STATe ON]OFF]l]O SWEep:CONTrol:TYPE SLAVe Analyzer: NONE See Also Step Control Master, Step Swp Menu Step Dwell Function Group FREQUENCY Menu Map 2 Description This softkey lets you set dwell times for points in the stepped frequency mode of sweep operation. The dwell time for points in step frequency sweep may range from 100 pus to 3.2s. The actual time between points is the sum of dwell and phase lock times.
SZ;ep Points Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also 2 This softkey lets you define the number of step points in a stepped frequency sweep. The number of points in a stepped sweep can range from 2 to 801. Step Size and Step Points are dependent variables. If you know how many steps are desired in a given sweep, use the softkey Step Points to set the desired value The step size will be calculated automatically.
Step Swp Menu Step Swp Menu Function Group FREQUENCY Menu Map 2 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey reveals the stepped frequency sweep entry menu. Dwell Coupled Couples the dwell time for stepped sweep points to ramp sweep, sweep time. Step Control Master Causes the synthesizer to act as the master control in a dual synthesizer measurement setup. Step Control Slave Causes the synthesizer to act as the slave in a dual synthesizer measurement setup.
Step Swp Pt Trig Auto Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also st;ep S w p FREQUENCY 2 When this softkey is selected, the synthesizer the next point in the stepped frequency sweep swept. The time between points is equal to the phase lock times. An asterisk next to the key feature is active.
Step Swp Pt Trig Ext Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also FREQUENCY 2 When this softkey is selected, the synthesizer steps to the next point in the stepped frequency sweep when an external hardware trigger is received. When the last frequency point is reached and continuous sweep is selected, the next trigger causes the step sweep to return to the start frequency. Connect the trigger signal to the TRIGGER INPUT BNC.
See Also (CENTER), (cw), FREQUENCY (MENU), (ml, (K) “CW Operation Start/Stop Frequency Sweep,” in Chapter 1. “Programming Typical Measurements,” in Chapter 1. SWEEP @ii-) Function Group SWEEP Menu Map 7 Description This hardkey accesses the sweep menu softkeys. Manual Sweep Activates manual sweep mode. Depending on what parameter is sweeping, frequency and/or power can be changed manually with the rotary knob or the arrow keys.
Sweep Mode Ramp Programming Codes See Also SCPI: NONE Analyzer: NONE Softkeys listed above. “Programming Typical Measurements,” in Chapter 1. Sweep Mode List Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SWEEP 7 This softkey activates the step frequency list mode. To use this type of sweep, a frequency list must have been entered, otherwise an error message appears. In this mode, the synthesizer steps only those frequencies defined by the frequency list.
Sweep Mode Itamp Programming Codes SCPI: FREQuency:MODE SWEep SWEep[:FREQ uency]:GENeration ANALog Analyzer: NONE See Also CONNECTORS, [CONT), Manual Sweep,(SINGLE), “Programming Typical Measurements,” in Chapter 1. Sweep Mode Step Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes SWEEP 7 This softkey activates the stepped frequency step mode. In this mode, the synthesizer steps from the start frequency to the stop frequency, by the designated frequency step size.
Sup Span CalOnce Swp Span Cal Always Function Group USER CAL Menu Map 9 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey causes a sweep span calibration each time the frequency span is changed. An asterisk next to the key label indicates this feature is active. SCPI: CALibration:SPAN:AUTO ONIOFFIl(0 Analyzer: NONE Freq Cal Menu “Using Frequency Calibration,” in Chapter 1.
(SWEEP] Function Group SWEEP Menu Map 7 Description This softkey lets you set a sweep time for frequency sweeps or power sweeps. The sweep time range is 10 ms to 2OOs, but the fastest sweep time is constrained by the frequency span. The fastest possible sweep can be determined automatically: 1. Press SWEEP (MENU), this reveals the sweep menu keys. 2. Select more If3 , to scroll to the next page of the sweep menu. 3. Select SwpTime Auto, to set the sweep time to automatic.
Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey lets you set the synthesizer’s sweep time to a minimum value for a chosen span and meet all specifications. The sweep time is limited by a 300 MHz/ms sweep rate. An asterisk next to the key label indicates this feature is active. SCPI: SWEep:TIME:AUTO ONlOFFlllO Analyzer: NONE (-1 “Power Level and Sweep Time Operation” in Chapter 1.
SYSTEM [MENU) Programming Codes See Also UsrKey C l e a r Activates the USER-DEFINED (MENU) and lets you delete a single key within that menu. UsrMenu Clear Activates the USER-DEFINED [j) and clears all keys in that menu.
10 MHz Freq Std Auto Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SYSTEM 8 This softkey sets the synthesizer to choose its frequency standard automatically. If an external standard is connected to the 10 MHz REF INPUT BNC, then it is chosen as the reference. If no external standard is connected, the internal standard is chosen as the reference. If the internal standard has been disconnected also, the synthesizer operates in a free run state.
10 l4EIz Freq Std Extrnl Programming Codes See Also SCPI: ROSCillator[:SOURce] EXTernal Analyzer: NONE Ref Osc Menu 10 MHz Freq Std Intrnl Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey sets the synthesizer to select the internal 10 MHz signal as the frequency reference. If the internal signal is disconnected or not working properly, UNLOCK appears on the message line of the display. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active.
TrigOut Delay Tracking Menu Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also POWER, USER CAL 5, 9 In the menu structure there are two occurrences of this softkey. One occurs in the POWER (K], the other occurs in the USER CAL (MENU). Both softkeys operate the same way. These softkeys access the tracking menu. Auto Track Realigns the synthesizer’s output filter and oscillator to maximize output power for the swept frequency mode.
TrigOut Delay Programming Codes See Also SCPI: TRIGger:ODELay [time suffix] Analyzer: NONE Start Sweep Trigger Auto, Start Sweep Trigger Bus, Start Sweep Trigger Ext T-4 Operating and Programming Reference HP 8360 User’s Handbook
U Uncoupl Atten Function Group Menu Map Description POWER 5 This softkey uncouples the attenuator (if there is one) from the ALC system. It allows independent control of attenuator settings. An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active. To set the attenuator after it is uncoupled, select Set Atten.. To view the current ALC and attenuator settings, press P O W E R L E V E L Programming Codes See Also .
Up/Down Power Function Group POWER Menu Map 5 Description Programming Codes This softkey activates the power step size function. It can be set from 0.01 to 20 dB. In this mode, power is stepped by the up/down arrow keys. An asterisk next to the key label indicates this feature is active. SCPI: POWer:STEP[:INC rement] [DB] or MAXimumlMINimum POWer:STEP:AUTO ONlOFFlllO Analyzer: SP or SHPL and UP or DOWN See Also Up/Dn Size CW, Up/Dn Size Swept “Programming Typical Measurements,” in Chapter 1.
Programming Codes SCPI: FREQuency:STEP[:INCR] [freq suffix] or MAXimum I MINimum Analyzer: SF or SHCF [HzIKz~MzIGz] See Also Manual Sweep, Sweep Mode Step, Up/Dn Size Swept Up/Dn Size Swept Function Group Menu Map Description FREQUENCY 2 This softkey sets the frequency step size in the swept frequency step mode. The step size may be set from 1 Hz to 10 GHz. The factory preset step size is 100 MHz. Step size values are entered using the entry area.
(USERCAL) Function Group USER CAL Menu Map 9 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey accesses the user calibration softkeys. FullUsr Cal Performs a complete alignment as determined by the instrument settings. Tracking Menu Accesses the softkeys of the tracking menu. AM Cal Menu Accesses the AM calibration menu. Freq Cal Menu Accesses the Frequency span calibration menu. Ext Det Cal Uses an external power meter to calibrate an external detector’s output voltage relative to power.
UsrNenu Clear Programming Codes See A l s o SCPI: NONE Analyzer: NONE (E), (PRIOR), Usl-Key Gleu , UsrMenu Clear UsrKey Clear Function Group SYSTEM Menu Map 8 Description This softkey lets you recall the user defined menu and remove a single softkey that appears in that menu. 1. Select UsrKey clear. The user defined menu appears in the softkey label area. The active entry area displays: ->Press USER Soft Key to Clear 2. Select the softkey you wish to remove from the menu.
Usrknu Clear Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey recalls the user defined menu and removes all softkeys assigned to that menu. The empty user defined menu remains in the softkey label area.
Z Zero Freq Function Group Menu Map Description Programming Codes See Also SYSTEM 8 This softkey lets you enable a security feature that displays zeroes for all accessible frequency information. Once this security feature is activated, it can be turned off by a front panel (PRESET). An asterisk next to the key label indicates that this feature is active.
Zoom Function Group FREQUENCY Menu Map 2 Description Programming Codes See Also This softkey activates the CF/Span sweep mode (zoom). In this mode, span is controlled by the up/down arrow keys. Center frequency is controlled by the rotary knob or the numeric entry keys. The left and right arrows control the resolution with which the center frequency can be changed. This is a front-panel-only feature and is inaccessible over HP-IB.
2a ERROR MESSAGES Introduction This section lists the error messages that may be displayed by the front panel or transmitted by the synthesizer over the interface bus. Each error message is accompanied by an explanation, and suggestions are provided to help solve the problem. Where applicable, references are given to related chapters of the operating and service manuals.
w OPTION NOT INSTALLED. The language selected and the corresponding firmware/hardware necessary to run that language is not present in the synthesizer. See “INSTALLATION” for information on language selection. DISPLAY IS NOT RESPONDING: Can appear on the front panel emulator if the internal processor can not communicate with the display properly. This error indicates a display failure or a display connector problem. DIVIDE BY ZERO EXCEPTION: This can only be caused by an internal processor error.
Error in Test Patch entry !!: This error will only occur if the service adjustment menu is accessed. Specifically, one of three entries has been attempted. w An invalid test patch number. n An invalid test patch data point. l An invalid parameter of the test patch specification. Correct by entering a valid parameter. Freq step must be >= 0 !!: This error occurs in association with the user power flatness menu, auto fill increment, feature.
LINT2 INTERRUPT: This can only be caused by an internal processor error. Refer to the “OPERATOR’S CHECK” chapter for instructions on contacting a qualified service technician. LINT6 INTERRUPT: This can only be caused by an internal processor error. Refer to the “OPERATOR’S CHECK” chapter for instructions on contacting a qualified service technician. Number of pts must be >= 2 !!: This error occurs in association with the user power flatness, auto fill number of points, feature.
TRACE EXCEPTION: This can only be caused by an internal processor error. Refer to the “OPERATOR’S CHECK” chapter for instructions on contacting a qualified service technician. TRAP0 EXCEPTION: This can only be caused by an internal processor error. Refer to the “OPERATOR’S CHECK” chapter for instructions on contacting a qualified service technician. TRAP3 EXCEPTION: This can only be caused by an internal processor error.
Universal SCPI Error Messages Error Messages From -499 To -400 These error messages indicate that the Output Queue Control of the synthesizer has detected a problem with the message exchange protocol. This type of error sets the Query Error Bit (bit 2) in the Event Status Register. One of the following has occurred: n An attempt has been made to read data from the Output Queue when no output is present or is pending. w Data in the Output Queue has been lost.
-240, -224, -222, -222, -221, -221, -221, -221, -221, -220, -213, -200, -200, Hardware error; Rear panel HP-IB switch Illegal parameter value Data out of range;Expected O-l Data out of range Settings conflict Settings conflict;List Arrays Invalid Settings conflict;Power And Level Mode Settings conflict;Power and attenuator Settings conflict;mm Module Mismatch Parameter error;Value not allowed Init ignored Execution error;No more room in EEROM Execution error;Option Not Installed Error Messages From - 199
-105, -104, -104, -104, -104, -104, -104, -103, 2a-8 Error Messages GET not allowed Data type error Data type error;Block not allowed Data type error;Char not allowed Data type error;Decimal not allowed Data type error;Non-dec not allowed Data type error;String not allowed Invalid separator
2b Menu Maps Menu Maps 2b-1
2c Specifications This section lists the specifications for the HP 8360 Synthesized Sweepers. In a effort to improve these synthesized sweepers, Hewlett-Packard has made changes to this product which are identified with changes in the serial number prefix. To check if your synthesized sweeper specifications are the same as those listed in this section: 1. Locate your instrument model number and serial prefix number in the “Instrument History Changes” table in Chapter 5. 2.
Frequency Range Resolution Frequency Bands (for CW signals) HP HP HP HP HP HP HP 83620A: 83622A: 83623A: 83624A: 83630A: 83640A: 83650A: 10 MHz to 20 GHz 2 to 20 GHz 10 MHz to 20 GHz High Power 2 to 20 GHz High Power 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz 10 MHz to 40 GHz 10 MHz to 50 GHz Standard: 1 kHz Option 008: 1 Hz Band 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Frequency Range 10 MHz to < 2 GHz 2 GHz to < 7 GHz 7 GHz to < 13.5 GHz 13.5 GHz to < 20 GHz 20 GHz to < 26.5 GHz 26.5 GHz to < 33.4 GHz 33.
Synthesized Step Sweep Accuracy: Same as time base Minimum Step Size: Same as frequency resolution Number of Points: 2 to 801 Switching Time: Same as CW Dwell Time: 100 ps to 3.2 s Synthesized List Mode Accuracy: Same as time base Minimum Step Size: Same as frequency resolution Number of Points: 1 to 801 Switching Time: Same as CW Dwell Time: 100 ~LS to 3.2 s Ramp Sweep Mode Internal 10 MHz Time Base Accuracy2 (sweep time 2 100 ms and 5 5 s): Sweep Widths 5 n x 10 MHz: 0.
RF Output Output Power M a x i m u m Leveled3 Standard Option 006 H H H H -l-13 +17 +20 +13 +17 4-17 20 GHz 20 GHz +13 t10 4-13 t10 26.5 GHz 26.5 GHz i-10 t6 +10 i-6 26.5 GHz 26.5 GHz and < 40 GHz 40 GHz t10 i-5 t2.5 +10 +5 +2.
Accuracy (dB)4 Specifications apply in CW, step, list, manual sweep, and ramp sweep modes of operation. Frequency (GHz) Power < 2.0 > +lO dBm > -10 dBm5 > -60 dBm < -60 dBm f1.2 f0.6 f0.9 f1.4 > 2.0 and 5 20 f1.3 f0.7 *1.0 f1.5 > 2.0 and 5 40 > 40 Lto.9 f1.2 f1.7 f1.7 f2.0 1!c2.5 Flatness (dB) Specifications apply in CW, step, list, manual sweep, and ramp sweep modes of operation. Frequency (GHz) Power > > > < $10 dBm -10 dBm5 -60 dBm -60 dBm < 2.0 kO.9 f0.5 kO.7 fl.1 2 2.0 and < 20 Itl.0 ztO.
Typical HP 6365OA Power Flatness 4.1 -0.2 0.01 Analog Power Sweep External Leveling 1 50 26.5 Frequency (GHz) Range: -20 dBm to maximum available power, can be offset using step attenuator. R a n g e At External HP 33330D/E Detector: -36 to +4 dBm At External Leveling Input: -200 PV to -0.5 volts Bandwidth External Detector Mode: 10 or 100 kHz (sweep speed and modulation mode dependent), nominal Power Meter Mode: 0.
Typical ALC Linearity (Frequenciess 20GHz) 0 - 1 0 +20 +10 A L C Level(dBm) Spectral Purity Spurious Signals Specifications apply in CW, step, list, and manual sweep modes of operation. Harmonics Output H P 83620A F r e q u e n c i e s H P 83622A H P 83623A H P 83630A H P 83640A H P 83650A H P 83624A < 2.2 GHz Standard -30 Option 006 -307 -25’ -257 -30 -307 -307 -307 -307 -307 -25 -60 -50 -60 -50 -50 -50 -50 -40 -40 -40 -40 2 2.2 and < 26.5 GHz Standard -50 ODtion 006 - 6 0 2 26.
Typical HP 83620A Harmonics & Subharmonics -20 -30 -40 -50 g-60 -70 -80 -90 -100 Carrier Frequency (GHz) Typical HP 83623A Harmonics -20 -30 -40 -50 $40 -70 -80 -90 -100 7 Carrier Frequency (GHz) 13.5 20 Non-Harmonically Related Output Frequencies: < 2.0 GHzg -60 1 2.0 and < 20 GHz -60 2 20 GHz and < 26.5 GHz - 5 8 > 26.5and 5 40 GHz -54 > 40 GHz -52 ’ Specification applies at output levels 0 dBti and below.
Power-Line Related (< 300 Hz offset from carrier) 10 MHz to < 7 GHz 7 GHz to < 13.5 GHz 13.5 GHz to 20 GHz > 20 GHz to < 26.5 GHz 26.5 GHz to < 38 GHz” 38 GHz to 50 GHz Single-Sideband Phase Noise (dBc/Hz) -55 -49 -45 -43 -39 -37 Offset from Carrier Band(s) 100 Hz 1kHz 10kHz 100 kHz 10 MHz to < 7 GHz 7 GHz to < 13.5 GHz 13.5 GHz to 20 GHz > 20 GHz to < 26.5 GHz 26.
Modulation Pulse Pulse modulation specifications apply for output frequencies 400 MHz and above. On/Off Ratioll Rise/Fall Times Minimum Width Internally Leveled Search Mode Output Frequencies < 2.0 GHz Output Frequencies > 2.0 GHz ALC Off Mode Output Frequencies < 2.0 GHz Output Frequencies 2 2.0 GHz Minimum Repetition Frequency Internally leveled Search Mode ALC Off Mode Level Accuracy (dB, relative to CW level) Widths 2 1 ps Widths < 1 ps (Search Mode) Video Feedthrough Output Frequencies < 2.
Internal Pulse Generator Width Range: 1 ps to 65 ms Period Range: 2 ps to 65 ms Resolution: 1 ps AM and Scan Bandwidth (3 dB, 30% depth, modulation peaks 3 dB below maximum rated power): DC to 100 kHz (typically DC to 300 kHz) Modulation Depth (ALC levels noted, can be offset using step attenuator) Normal Mode: -20 dBm to 1 dB below maximum available power Deep ModeI39 15..
Delta v Vmarker 1 FM = = 29.60mvolts 600.00pvolts V m o r k e r 2 = 30.
Internal Modulation Generator Option 002 AM, FM Pulse Modulation Meter Specifications Internal Waveforms: sine, square, triangle, ramp, noise Rate Range Sine: 1 Hz to 1 MHz Square, triangle, ramp: 1 Hz to 100 kHz Resolution: 1 Hz Depth, deviation Range: same as base instrument Resolution: 0.
General Environmental Operating Temperature Range: 0 to 55°C EMC: Within limits of VDE 0871/6.78 Level B, FTZ 1046/1984, and Mil-Std-461B Part 7 RE02 Warm-Up Time Operation: Requires 30 minute warm-up from cold start at 0 to 55°C. Internal temperature equilibrium reached over 2 hour warm-up at stable ambient temperature. Frequency Reference: Reference time base is kept at operating temperature with the instrument connected to AC power.
Inputs & Outputs Auxiliary Output Provides an unmodulated reference signal from 2 to 26.5 GHz at a typical minimum power level of -10 dBm. Nominal output impedance 50 ohms. (SMA female, rear panel.) RF Output Nominal output impedance 50 ohms. (Precision 3.5 mm male on 20 and 26.5 GHz models, 2.4 mm male on 40 and 50 GHz models, front panel.) External ALC input Used for negative external detector or power meter leveling. Nominal input impedance 120 kR, damage level f15 volts. See RF output specifications.
10 MHz Reference Input Accepts 10 MHz flO0 Hz, 0 to +lO dBm reference signal for operation from external time base. Nominal input impedance 50 ohms. Damage level +lO, -5 volts. (BNC female, rear panel.) 10 MHz Reference Output Nominal signal level 0 dBm, nominal output impedance 50 ohms. (BNC female, rear panel.) Sweep Output Supplies a voltage proportional to the sweep ranging from 0 volts at start of sweep to +lO volts at end of sweep, regardless of sweep width.
Pulse Sync Out (Option 002 only) Outputs a 50 ns wide TTL pulse synchronized to the leading edge of the internally-generated pulse. (BNC female, rear panel.) AM/FM Output (Option 002 only) Outputs the internally-generated AM or FM waveform. This output can drive 50 ohms or greater. The AM output is scaled the same as it is generated, either 100%/V or 10 dB/V. The FM scaling depends on the FM deviation selected. (BNC female, rear panel.
Option 008 1 Hz Frequency Resolution Provides frequency resolution of 1 Hz. Option 700 MATE System Compatibility Provides CIIL programming commands for MATE system compatibility. Option 806 Rack Slide Kit Used to rack mount HP 8360 while permitting access to internal spaces. Option 908 Rack Flange Kit Used to rack mount HP 8360 without front handles. Option 910 Extra Operating & Service Manuals Provides a second copy of operating and service manuals.
3 INSTALLATION This chapter provides installation instructions for the HP 8360 series synthesized sweeper and its accessories. It also provides information about initial inspection, damage claims, preparation for use, packaging, storage, and shipment. CAUTION Initial Inspection This product is designed for use in Installation Category II and Pollution Degree 2 per IEC 1010 and 664, respectively. Inspect the shipping container for damage.
Equipment Supplied All HP 8360 series synthesizers are sent from the factory with the following basic accessories: n Rack handles (mounted) n Power cord n Software package n A set of manuals The following adapters are also shipped with the synthesizers: HP 83620A HP 83622A Type-N to 3.5 mm (F) 1250-1745 HP 83623A 3.5 mm (F) to 3.5 mm (F) 5061-5311 HP 83624A HP 83630A Options Available 3-2 INSTALLATION There are several options available on the HP 8360 series synthesizers.
Preparation for Use Power Requirements Line Voltage and Fuse Selection The HP 8360 series synthesized sweepers require a power source of 115v (+10/-2501)o or 230V (+lO/-15%), 48 to 66 Hz, single-phase. Power consumption is 400 VA maximum (30 VA in standby). The synthesizer is provided with a voltage selector (located on the rear panel) to match the synthesizer to the ac line voltage available at the site of installation.
Power Cable In accordance with international safety standards, this instrument is equipped with a three-wire power cable. When connected to an appropriate power line outlet, this cable grounds the instrument cabinet. Figure 3-l shows the styles of plugs available on power cables supplied with Hewlett-Packard instruments. The HP part numbers indicated are part numbers for the complete power cable/plug set.
PLUG TYPE ’ 250V 250V 250V 250V 0 250V PLUG DESCRIPTION 2 LENGTH (inches) CABLE COLOR 90 90 Mint Gray Mint Gray 8120-1351 8120-1703 S t r a i g h t BSI 363A 90” 8120-1369 8120-0696 Straight ZNSSl98/ASC 1 12 79 Gray 90” 87 Gray S t r a i g h t CEE7-Vi1 79 79 Mint Gray 80 Black Black Black Jade Gray 80 36 Jade Gray Jade Gray 8120-1689 8120-I 6 9 2 125V CABLE CABLE HP PART NUMBER* 9 0 ” 8120-1348 8120-1398 8120-1754 8120-1378 8120-1521 8120-1676 S t r a i g h t NEMAS-15P 90” 8
Language Selection You can operate the synthesizer using one of three external interface languages: SCPI, Analyzer language, or CIIL (Option 700). How to View or Change a Language Selection from the Front Panel Note To set a programming language from the front panel, the instrument language on the rear panel HP-IB switch (Ll, L2, and L3 Figure 3-2) mzlst be set to 7 (all Is). The HP-IB menu provides access to the synthesizer’s programming language: 1. Press SYSTEM (NIENU). 2. Select HP-IB Menu. 3.
HP-IB LANG ADDRESS Figure 3-2. Rear Panel HP-IB Switch HP-IB Address Selection In certain applications, the synthesizer acts as a controller for a power meter and a printer. Because of this, the address menu provides access not only to the synthesizer’s HP-IB address, but also to the address at which the synthesizer expects to see a power meter, and the address at which the synthesizer expects to see a printer. (See Table 3-2 for factory-set addresses.) Table 3-2.
How to View or Change an HP-IB address from the Front Panel Note To set an HP-IB address from the front panel, the instrument address on the rear panel HP-IB switch (Figure 3-2) must be set to 31 (all 1s). 1. Press SYSTEM (e). 2. Select HP-IB Menu Adrs Nenu. 3. The synthesizer displays the three address softkeys: 8360 A&s, Meter Adrs , and Printer Adrs . 4. Select the desired softkey. 5. The synthesizer displays the address selected for that instrument. 6.
Operating Environment Temperature. The synthesizer may be operated in environments with temperatures from 0 to +55”C. Humidity. The synthesizer may be operated in environments with humidity from 5 to 80% relative at +25 to 40°C. However, protect the synthesizer from temperature extremes, which can cause condensation within the instrument. Altitude. The synthesizer may be operated at pressure altitudes up to 4572 meters (approximately 15,000 feet). Cooling.
Chassis Kits Rack Mount Slide Kit (Option 806) Option 806 synthesizers are supplied with rack mount slides and the necessary hardware to install them on the synthesizer. The following table itemizes the parts in this kit. Table 3-3.
Removing the Side StraPs and Feet Figure 3-3.
6. Refer to Figure 3-4. Remove the inner slide assemblies from the outer slide assemblies. 7. To secure the side covers in place, mount the inner slide assemblies to the instrument with the screws provided. 8. With the appropriate hardware, install the outer slide assemblies to the system enclosure. 9. Lift the synthesizer into position. Align the inner and outer slide assemblies and slide the instrument into the rack. Realign the hardware as needed for smooth operation.
Rack Flange Kit for Synthesizers with Handles Removed (Option 908) Option 908 synthesizers are supplied with rack flanges and the necessary hardware to install them on the synthesizer after removing the instrument handles. The following table itemizes the parts in this kit* Table 3-4.
Installation Procedure 1. Refer to Figure 3-5. Remove handle trim strips. 2. Remove the four screws on each side that attach the handles to the instrument; remove the handles. 3. Using the screws provided, attach the rack mount flanges to the synthesizer. 4. Remove the bottom and back feet and the tilt stands before rack mounting the instrument. . ..p /A@ . ..a . ..6. 3 II Figure 3-5.
Rack Flange Kit for Synthesizers with Handles Attached (Option 913) Option 913 synthesizers are supplied with rack flanges and the necessary hardware to install them on the synthesizer without removing the instrument handles. The following table itemizes the parts in this kit. Table 3-5. Rack Flange Kit for Synthesizers with Handles Attached Contents CAUTION Ventilation Requirements: When installing the instrument in a cabinet, the convection into and out of the instrument must not be restricted.
Installation Procedure 1. Refer to Figure 3-6. Remove handle trim strips. 2. Remove the four screws on each side that attach the handles to the instrument. 3. Using the longer screws provided, attach the rack mount flanges to the outside of the handles. 4. Remove the bottom and back feet and the tilt stands before rack mounting the instrument. Figure 3-6.
Storage and Shipment Environment The synthesizer may be stored or shipped within the following limits: Temperature -40” to +75”c. Humidity 5% to 95% relative at 0” to +4O”C. Altitude Up to 15240 meters. Pressure approximately 50,000 feet. The synthesizer should be protected from sudden temperature fluctuations that can cause condensation.
Package the Synthesizer for Shipment Use the following steps to package the synthesizer for shipment to Hewlett-Packard for service: 1. Fill in a service tag (available at the end of Chapter 4) and attach it to the instrument. Please be as specific as possible about the nature of the problem.
Converting HP 6340141 Systems to HP 8360 Series Systems The following paragraphs are intended to assist you in converting existing HP 8340/8341 based systems to HP 8360 series synthesized sweeper based systems. Both manual and remote operational differences are addressed.
Manual Operation Compatibility The HP 8360 series synthesized sweepers are designed to be, in all but very few cases, a complete feature superset of the HP 8340/8341 synthesized sweepers.
System Connections The HP 8510 Network Analyzer The HP 8360 series synthesizer is compatible with any HP 8510 network analyzer with firmware revision 4.0 or higher. To upgrade firmware for an existing HP 8510, an HP 11575C Revision 4.0 Upgrade Kit or an HP 11575D Revision 5.0 Upgrade Kit is required. HP 8510 revisions prior to 6.0 (not inclusive) require that you use the following connections: n SWEEP OUTPUT n STOP SWEEP IN/OUT n HP-IB INTERFACE n AUXILIARY INTERFACE HP 8510 revisions 6.
The HP 8757C/E Scalar Network Analyzer The connections between the analyzer and the HP 8360 series are similar to the connections between the analyzer and the HP 8340/8341. The HP 8360 series differs from the HP 8340/8341 in one connection only. It unnecessary to connect the modulator drive signal from the analyzer to the source. The HP 8360 series internally produces the 27.8 kHz modulated signal necessary for AC mode measurements on the analyzer.
Remote Operation Language Compatibility The HP 8360 series synthesized sweepers support three HP-IB programming languages; network analyzer language, SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments), and M.A.T.E. CIIL language (Option 700). Network Analyzer Language HP 8360 series network analyzer language is syntactically and semantically identical to the HP 8340/8341 HP-IB mnemonics.
. Features not available in one of the language modes is marked by a horizontal line in the corresponding column. In the interest of brevity all SCPI commands have been listed in their most concise form. For a complete and comprehensive listing of the synthesizer SCPI commands refer to “SCPI Command Summary,” in Chapter 2. For explanations of SCPI refer to “Getting Started Programming,” in Chapter 1.
Table 3-8.
Table 3-8.
Table 3-8.
Table 3-8.
Table 3-8.
OPERATOR’S CHECK and ROUTINE MAINTENANCE WARNING Operator’s Checks No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to qualified personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove covers. The local operator’s check (front panel use) allows the operator to make a quick check of the main synthesizer functions prior to use. For delete front panel options of the HP 8360 series, use the “Front Panel Emulator Software” to perform an operator’s check.
Local Operator’s Check Description Preliminary Check The preliminary check provides assurance that most of the internal functions of the synthesizer are working. The main check provides a general check of the overall functions of the synthesizer. No external equipment is needed. Each time the synthesizer is turned on the synthesizer performs a series of self tests on the internal CPU, power supplies, and front panel.
Main Check 1. Press [SERVICE). 2. Select Selftest CFull) . Check that all tests performed pass. 3. Press [PRESET). If the display indicates a user preset was performed, select Factory Preset . Verify that the green SWEEP LED is blinking, the amber RF ON/OFF LED is on, and the red INSTR CHECK LED is off. 4. P r e s s ( U S E R C A L ) . 5. Select Tracking Menu . a. If the synthesizer has Option 001, step attenuator, select Auto Track. Wait for the synthesizer to finish peaking before continuing. b.
Routine Maintenance Routine maintenance consists of replacing a defective line fuse, cleaning the air filter, cleaning the cabinet, and cleaning the display. These items are discussed in the following paragraphs. Table 4-1. Fuse Part Numbers WARNING How to Replace the Line Fuse For continued protection against fire hazard replace line fuse only with same type and rating. The use of other fuses or material is prohibited.
How to Clean the Fan Filter The cooling fan located on the rear panel has a thin foam filter. How often the filter must be cleaned depends on the environment in which the synthesizer operates. As the filter collects dust, the fan speed increases to maintain airflow (as the fan speed increases, so does the fan noise). If the filter continues to collect dust after the fan reaches maximum speed, airflow is reduced and the synthesizer’s internal temperature increases.
How to Clean the Cabinet Clean the cabinet using a damp cloth only. How to Clean the Display Filter The display of the synthesizer is protected by a plastic display filter. To clean the display filter, use mild soap or detergent and water, or a commercial window cleaner (ammonia does not hurt the plastic surface). Use a soft, lint-free cloth. Do not use abrasive cleaners, tissues or paper towels, which can scratch the plastic.
5 Instrument History How to Use Instrument History This manual documents the current production versions of the “standalone” HP 8360 series synthesized sweepers which include the HP 83620A/22A, HP 83623A/24A, HP 83640A/42A, and HP 83630A/50A. As future versions of these instrument models are developed, this manual is modified to apply to those instruments. Information provided in this chapter allows you to adapt this manual to the earlier versions.
Change B HP 8362OA/22A/3OA instruments without Option 006, with serial prefix numbers 3213A and below, have a pulse modulation video feedthrough specification of 0.1% at frequencies 2 2.0 GHz. A replacement page for page 9 in the “Specifications” section is provided following this instruction page. Discard the existing page 9 in the “Specifications” section. Changes to the Service and Troubleshooting manuals are also required for your serial prefix number.
5-4 Change B HP 8380 User’s Handbook
Modulation Pulse Pulse modulation specifications apply for output frequencies 400 MHz and above. On/Off Ratio” Rise/Fall Times Minimum Width Internally Leveled Search Mode Output Frequencies < 2.0 GHz Output Frequencies 2 2.0 GHz ALC Off Mode Output Frequencies < 2.0 GHz Output Frequencies 2 2.0 GHz Minimum Repetition Frequency Internally leveled Search Mode ALC Off Mode Level Accuracy (dB, relative to CW level) Widths 2 1 ps Widths < 1 ps (Search Mode) Video Feedthrough Output Frequencies < 2.
Internal Pulse Generator Width Range: 1 ps to 65 ms Period Range: 2 ps to 65 ms Resolution: 1 ps AM and Scan Bandwidth (3 dB, 30% depth, modulation peaks 3 dB below maximum rated power): DC to 100 kHz (typically DC to 300 kHz) Modulation Depth (ALC levels noted, can be offset using step attenuator) Normal Mode: -20 dBm to 1 dB below maximum available power Deep ModeI37 15..
Change A Instruments with serial prefix numbers 3143A and below do not have the Module Menu which is located in the ALC and the FREQUENCY function groups nor do they have the Dblr Amp Menu which is located in the POWER function group. Delete all references to these menus. Instruments with serial prefix numbers 3143A and below must also use the specifications provided immediately following these instructions (the footing indicates “Change A”).
5-8 Change A HP 8360 User’s Handbook
R a n g e ~~63620~: lUMI3zto2OGHz HP83622k 2to2OGHz HP83623k 1OMHzto#)GI3zH.ighPowcr HP636HA 2to2OGHzHighPowr HP 83630A: IO MHz to 26.5 GHz HP6364oAz 10 MHz to 40 GHz HP83642k 2to4OGHz HP8365ok 10 MHz to 50 GHz Resolution standard: 1 lc~z Option 008: 1 Hz hquency Bands (fOr m &I’&)‘: HP tua~, tmizz~, mum, 83624~, 83MOA Band 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 23 7 13.5 ~20 25.5 32 MHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz Frequency Range n e2.3 GHz <7 Gfiz ~13.5 GHz 1 1 2 3 to to to to to to to 20 GHz <25.
Swept Mode . HP mm~, sma, 136w, aau, WOA, A~(sweeptimc>1OomsandS5s) Upper Frequencies s 20 GHz SweepWidths ~nxlOMHzO.l%ofsvapwidth f timebaseaawacy SwepWtiths > nx10MKzand S3OOMEk1%ofsuccpwidth swapw* >3aOMHxand S3GHz3MHz Sweep Widths >3 GIiz Ql% of swcp width upper E?equalcics a20 CHZ SwcpWtitbs ~nxlOMHzO.l%ofswzepwidth~ timebaseaazraCy SwcpWtithsrnxlOMHxand~~MHz1%ofswecpwidth swBzpw~ths>6alMHzands6GHz6h4H2 Sweep Widths >6 GHZ 0.
Typical Maximum Available Power 30 25 20 $ 1 5 z 10 5 0 J 0.01 I I I 23 13.5 20 I I I w 26.5 50 Fmqumcy @Hz) Accuracy (dB)a HP8362OA HP83622A HP83623A HP83624A OutputFrequendes c23Gl-k Fbwerlmmls >+lOdBm 21.2 20.6 Pcwmr Levets ~-10 dW PowerLewIs >-6OdBm *0.!3 -c Powerbvelss-60dBm 21.4 HP8363OA 21.2 k-12 kO.6 -co.6 0.9 f 0.9 r1.4 21.4 wheqr23GHzand s2OGl-k RwerLewfs >+lOdBm 21.3 -cl.3 pawwLevels >-lOdBm4 *o-7 2 0.7 + FbwerLevels >-6OdBm -cl.0 2 1 Powerbvelss-60dBm a1.5 21.
Flatness (dB) HPSS2OA HP83622A HPSS62SA HP83624A HP8363QA HP8364OA HP836SOA 0ugut~2.3 GHZ RwerLevels>+1odBm F’awer Levets z--10 d&n poWerLav& >-60dBm PowwLeveQs-6OdBm zo.9 kO.5 kO.7 fl.1 20.9 f0.5 iZO.7 21.1 -co.9 k0.S f 0.7 Irl.1 21.1 eo.7 +oTJ '1.3 20.9 10.5 .&0.7 t1.1 ougutJ+=l223GHzand s2QGHz PamrLsvals >+lOdBm PomerLawJs >-10dEtm poWerlavek >-6OdBm Powerbvetss-6OdBm 21.0 e0.6 20.8 *12 tl.O ~0.6 e0.8 212 21.0’ ~0.6 f0.8 Al.2 t1.0 kO.6 +OB *12 zt1.0 -co.6 20.8 21.2 20.8 21.0 -cl.4 ~0.
ALC Unea T * FmauenciessZOGHz9 r”’ ALC Level(dBm) Spectral Purity specifications apply in CW, Step, List, and Manual Sweep Modes of operation. spurious siguals HUI7llOJliCS HP6362OA HPW622A HP83623A HP83624A HP-A HP8364OA HP836SOA -35 -25 -29 -30 -30s -256 -356 -50 -20 -25 -50 -50 -20 -45 OuJPJtFrecloencies cl.8 GM OpliOtlOO8 0utplJtFfequencies s 1.8 GHz OfJliCWlOO5 Trpical HP 6362OA Harmonics and Subharmonics 7 Carrier 13.
Ty&al HP K5623A Harmonics 0.01 23 7 13.5 20 Carrier Frsquency(GHz) Subharmonics HP6362OA HP63622A HP93623A HP93624A HP9363OA HP9364OA HP6365OA None None None NOflf2 NOM -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -40 -40 O@WFiequencies <7GHz OWFrequencia rirand s2OGHz outputkeq>2OGHzsnd s4OGH OWFrequencia >4OGHz -35 Non-Har~.~onicaIly Related owFreq- c 23 GHz’ Ougut-VJ-J= 2 2.
TVpiwl Phase Noise (1Wit Carrier) 1WHr 1kHr 1OkHr 1OOkHZ 1 MHz lOMH2 Offeet From Carrier Residual FM @4S,5OHZtOl5kHZl3dWidth) CWModeorSweepWtiths snxlOMHznx6OHstypical SweepWidths ~nxlOhfEknxl5~Qpical Modulation Pulse HP 8362OA, 83622A, 83623A, BtZWA, 8364OA, Pulse modulation specifhlions apply for output hqwncks 400 MHz and above.
Pulse HP 8363o~, 83650~ 80dB 25ns ‘P-S owm- <2 GHz &~~@Frequencia z2GHz Minimum Repeaiaion FteqUenCY 1nbwnally(dB. mlatheto~~ wm21p Wldthscl~(Sea=hModN Vldso-h owFreq- c2 GHz rlOd6m mwer&wels >lOdBm OutpnFrequencies ~ZGHzand s25.5GHz >26.5GHzand s50Gi-k - Rinmg Ddaye ougutkes-
(AIClevelsnoWcanbcof&etusingstepattektor) NoxmalModec40dBmto1dBbelowma&numav&blepower Deep ModelO: -50 dBm to 1 dB below maximum a+aiiabk powr Unleveled Mode? -50 dBm to 1 dB below maximum available power salsii Iins lOO%/vo1t Aaxuacy (1 kHz rate, 30% depth): 5% Expmcnentiak 10 dB/wAt AaxmcyO.25dB szT%ofdepthindE? Incident Phase Modulation: 02 radians peak.
F M LQdcedMode Maximum Deviation: k8MHz Rates(6dBbandwidth,lMHxdwiation~5OkHztolOh4Hz himhum Modulation Index (deviatkmhatee): n x 5 U&dad Mode MaxinnunDtviation Atrates UlOOHz -c75MHz AtRates >lOOHz 28MHz Rates(6dBbandwidth,lMHzdeviation>DCtolOMHz sensitivity 100 kHx, 1 MEIx, or 10 MHzholt, switchable Aamracy(1MHxlate,1klHzdeviatkm~lO% S~UMIWOUS Modulations FnllAMbandwidthanddepthistypicalyaMilableatanypulserateorwidth.FMiscompletely independent of AM and pulse modulation.
General &Wil-OllIMl~i Opera* Temperatun Range: 0 to 55O C EMC: Within Warm-Up Time POW6!I' &@.R9ll~lltS Weight & Dimensions limits of VDE 0871/6.7g Level B, FJZ 1046/19&J and M.il-Std-46lB Part 7 operation: Rquires 30 minute warm-up from cold start at 0 to 550 C Internal temperatwe equilibrium reached aver 2 hour warm-up at stable ambient temperature. Frequemy Reference:. Rekcnce time base is kept at operating temp&ature with the instrument connected to AC powz.
Inputs & Outputs RFoutput Nominal output inpedance 50 ohms (precision 35 mm male on 20 and 26.5 GHz models, 24mmmaleon4Oand5OGHzmodek,fnmtpaneL) ExmJa.lALcIllput Used for negative external defector or power meter kveling. Nominal input impedance IO0 kohms, damage kvel -c 15 volts. See RF Output sp&ftcations.
AuxmryJJltelface Provkks control signal comw&ms to HP 8516A S-parameter Test Set, (Z-pin D-submilliature receptacle, rearpanel.) Puke viiii ootptlt @ption 002 only) Outputs the pulse modulation waveform that is supplied to the modulator. This can be either the intemally/extemally generated pulse modulation signal. (l3NC female, rear panel.) Pulse Sync Gut (option 002 only) Outputs a 50 N wide ITL pulse synchronized to the leading edge of the intemally-generatcd pulse @NC female, rear panel.
optioll9l3RackFhgeKit 5-22 Change A HP 8360 User’s Handbook
Index 1 10 MHz frequency standard chosen automatically, T-l 10 MHz frequency standard external, T-l 10 MHz frequency standard internal, T-2 10 MHz frequency standard none chosen, T-2 10 MHz reference functions, R-l 10 MHz reference input connector, C-6 10 MHz reference output connector, C-6 1601 point flatness array, C-13 2 2.4 mm connector, C-12 27.778 kHz square wave, P-19 3 3.
menu, A-11 select auto, A-9 select high, A-10 select low, A-10 ALC bandwidth selection, l-50 ALC disabled theory of, A-8 ALC leveling internal, L-3 mm-wave module, L-3 normal, L-l power meter, L-4 search, L-2 ALC menu, A-2-4 ALC off, L-l ALC off mode, l-32 ALC open loop, L-l ALC search mode, l-32 align output filter, A-26, P-l alternate registers, A-12 altitude pressure, 3-9 always calibrate sweep span, S-74 AM ALC off mode, D-l deep, D-l, M-15 depth, I-l exponentially scaled, A-14, A-18 linearly scaled, A-
assign softkey, A-22 attenuator, uncouple, U-l attenuator uncouple, M-14 attenuator, value set, S-59 auto fill increment, A-22 auto fill number of points, A-23 auto fill start, A-24 auto fill stop, A-25 automatically set sweep time, S-76 automatic sweep time, l-10 automatic trigger, stepped sweep, S-69 auto track, A-26 auto track failed message, 2a-1 auxiliary interface connector, C-6 auxiliary output connector, C-5 B backdating, 5-l bandwidth ALC, A-9, A-10, A-11 AM, A-12, A-13 amplitude modulation, A-12
change interface address, 3-8 characterization diode detectors, l-47 checks, operator, 4-l CIIL language, P-12 clean cabinet, 4-5 clean display, 4-6 clean fan filter, 4-5 clear display, B-l clear fault, C-2 clear memory, C-2 clear point, C-3 clear statement, l-59 *CL& s-14 colon examples using, l-69 proper use of, l-68, l-69, l-84 types of command where used, l-67 command examples, l-64 commands, l-79 common, l-67 defined, l-63 event, l-72 implied, l-72 query, l-72 subsystem, l-67 syntax, l-80 commands, com
10 MHz reference output, C-6 AM/FM output, C-4 AM input, C-4 auxiliary interface, C-6 auxiliary output, C-5 external ALC, C-5 FM input, C-5 HP-IB, C-8 pulse input, C-5 pulse sync out, C-5 pulse video out, C-5 RF output, C-12 source module interface, C-10 stop sweep in/out, C-5 sweep output, C-5 trigger input, C-6 trigger output, C-6 volts/GHz, C-6 Z-axis blank/markers, C-6 connectors, C-4-12 connectors, mating, 3-8 CONT, 1-12, C-12 continuous leveling, L-l continuous sweep, 1-12, C-12 continuous wave freque
D Index-6 damage claims, 3-l data display area, l-4 data questionable event register, clear, S-14 data types explained briefly, l-73 date code of firmware, S-60 DC FM, F-14 decrement key, A-21 decrement step size CW frequency, U-2 power, U-l decrement step size, swept frequency, U-3 deep AM, D-l, M-15 defaulting language message, 2a-1 defined preset, P-9 define increment size, A-22 define number of points, A-23 defining sweep limits, l-6, l-8 definitions of terms, l-63 delete, D-3 delete active array entr
doubler amp mode on, D-9 doubler amp softkeys, D-l down arrow, A-21 dual source control, S-64 dwell coupled, D-10 dwell time frequency point, E-2 list array, all points, G-l stepped frequency mode, S-67 dwell time coupled, D-10 EEROM fail, F-3 EEROM failed, lost CAL message, 2a-2 EEROM failed message, 2a-2 enable register, l-102 in general status register model, l-101 -END, l-64 “END[end], l-80 ending frequency flatness correction, A-25 frequency list, A-25 enter correction, E-l enter frequency value flatne
example program flatness correction, l-97 HP-IB check, l-88 local lockout, l-89 looping and synchronization, l-95 setting up a sweep, l-90 synchronous sweep, l-96 use of queries, l-92 use of save/recall, l-93 example programs, l-86-100 examples, equipment used, l-2 examples, simple program messages, l-72 example, stimulus response program, l-76 extended numeric parameters discussed in detail, l-83 explained briefly, l-74 extenders HP-IB, C-9 EXTernal trigger source defined, l-113 external ALC BNC, L-2, L-4
transition, l-102 firmware datecode identify, S-60 flatness array frequency value, E-2 user, F-4 flatness corrected power, I-33 flatness correction clear value, C-3 copy frequency list, C- 12 frequency increment, A-22 HP 437B measure at all frequencies, M-7 HP 437B measure at one frequency, M-7, M-8 HP 437B measure functions, M-27 number of points, A-23 start frequency, A-24 stop frequency, A-25 flatness correction, example program, l-97 flatness menu, F-4 flatness on/off, F-11 FM deviation, I-4 rate, I-5 F
number of points, A-23, E-3 offset value, all points, G-l power offset, E-3 start frequency, A-24 step sweep activate, S-73 stop frequency, A-25 trigger external, L-8 trigger functions, P-13 trigger interface bus, L-8 trigger point automatic, L-7 frequency list copy, C-12 frequency list functions, L-5 frequency list, number of points, L-6 frequency markers, I-14 frequency menu, F-17 frequency modulation AC, F-13 coupling, F-11, F-12 DC, F-14 deviation, I-4 display deviation, M-9 internal, I-4 rate, I-5 soft
front panel operation, L-9 full selftest, S-58 full selftest command, S-17 fullusr cal, F-19 function locked out message, 2a-3 fuse part numbers, 4-4 fuse, replace, 4-4 fuse selection, 3-3 G global dwell list array, G-l global offset list array, G-l GP-IB analyzer language, P-12 CIIL language, P-12 printer address, P- 10 SCPI programming, P-13 trigger, frequency list, L-8 GP-IB address changes to, 3-8 factory-set, 3-7 power meter, M-8 GPIB address synthesizer, A- 1, E- 1 GP-IB check, example program, l-88 G
printer address, P-10 SCPI programming, P-13 technical standard, 1-114 trigger, frequency list, L-8 HP-IB address changes to, 3-8 factory-set, 3-7 power meter, M-8 synthesizer, A- 1, E- 1 HP-IB address identify, S-60 HP-IB address menu, A-l HP-IB check, example program, l-88 HP-IB connecting cables, l-56 HP-IB connector, C-8 HP-IB connector mnemonics, C-10 HP-IB control functions, H-l HP-IB, definition of, l-55 HP-IB syntax error message, 2a-3 HP-IB trigger stepped sweep mode, S-70 sweep mode, S-63 humidity
details of operation, l-106 INIT trigger configuration example commands using, l-110 instrument history, 5-l instruments defined, l-63 instrument state, A-12 instrument state recall, R-l instrument state recall command, S-15 instrument state restore string, S-14 instrument state, save, S-l instrument state save command, S-17 integer response data discussed in detail, 1-85 integers rounding, l-83 interface address change, 3-8 factory-set, 3-7 power meter, M-8 printer, P-10 view, 3-8 interface bus trigger, fr
invalid language message, 2a-3 invalid save/recall register message, 2a-3 invert input, I-12 K key arrow, l-5 backspace, l-5 negative sign, l-5 numeric entry, l-5 terminator, l-5 keys entry area, E-4 knob, R-2 L Index-14 language compatibility, 3-23 language compatibility, analyzer to SCPI conversion, 3-23 language identify, S-60 language selection, 3-6 left arrow, A-21 LEVel trigger command discussed, l-107 leveling flatness correction, F-11 theory of, A-4-9 leveling accuracy, A-6 leveling control, A-
point trigger, external, L-8 point trigger, interface bus, L-8 trigger functions, P-13 list mode point trigger automatic, L-7 local key, L-9 local lockout, example program, l-89 local lockout statement, l-58 local statement, l-58 lock save, S-l looping and synchronization, example program, l-95 *LRN?, S-14 M Ml-M2 sweep, M-l maintenance, routine, 4-4 making entries, l-5 manual modifications, 5-l manual part number, viii manual sweep, 1-12 manual sweep key, M-l marker center frequency, C-l delta, 1-14, D-5
simple examples, l-72 messages, error, 2a-l-8 message terminators response message terminator defined, 1-81 meter address, M-8 meter measure functions, M-27 meter on/off AM, M-9 meter on/off FM, M-9 mistrack, A-26 mixers, l-30 mm-wave interface connector, C-10 mm-wave interface mnemonics, C-11 mm-wave module leveling, L-3 mm-wave source modules system connections, 3-22 mnemonics, l-63, l-64 conventions for query commands, 1-63 long form, l-64 short form, 1-64 modify HP 8340/41 program for SCPI, 3-23 MOD key
N 0 new line affect on current path, l-68 in response message terminator, 1-81 symbol used for, l-64 use as a program message terminator, l-64 use as a response message terminator, l-65 with HP BASIC OUTPUT statements, l-80 new line[new line] use as a program message terminator, l-80 no frequency standard, T-2 no front-panel, change interface address, 3-8 noise AM waveform, I-2 FM waveform, I-5 noise figure meter system connections, 3-22 normal leveling mode, L-l number of points, A-23 frequency list, A-2
options identify command, S-14 output connector, C-12 output statement, l-60 output status bytes, A-19 OVEN message, 3-8 OVERMOD message during frequency modulation, M-17 OVRMOD message during amplitude modulation, M-14 p parameters Boolean, l-75, l-84 discrete, l-74, l-84 extended numeric, l-74, l-83 numeric, l-73, l-82 optional, l-72 types explained briefly, l-73 parser explained briefly, l-68 part number, fuses, 4-4 part number, manual, viii peak fail, F-2 peaking, 1-49 peak RF always, P-l peak RF once,
power meter leveling, L-4 power meter measure correction functions, M-27 power meter programming address, M-8 power meter range, P-22 power offset, P-5 list array, all points, G-l list frequency, E-3 power on/off, RF, R-2 power output maximizing, 1-49 peaking, l-49 power slope, 1-18, P-6 power sweep, 1-18, P-7 uncoupled operation, A-7 power sweep once, S-59 power sweep, sweep time, S-75 power switch, L-4 precise talking, l-66, l-82 prefix number, vii preset conditions, HP 8340/41 compared to HP 8360, 3-20 p
programming language comparison, 3-24 programming languages definition of, H-l programming language selection, 3-6 pulse delay normal, P-14 pulse delay softkeys, D-2 pulse delay triggered, P-15 pulse envelope, M-21 optimizing, l-49 pulse input invert, I-12 pulse input BNC, P-17, P-18, P-19 pulse input connector, C-5 pulse menu, P-15, P-16 pulse modulation, M-18 delay, P-14 gate, I-11 internal, I-8 leveling, M-19 narrow pulses, M-21 period, I-9 pulse envelope, M-21 rate, I-9 scalar network analyzer rise time
R rack flange kit contents, 3-13 rack flange kit installation, 3-14 rack flange kit, no handles, 3-13 rack flange kit, with handles, 3-15 rack mount slide installation, 3-10 rack mount slide kit contents, 3-10 ramp AM waveform, I-2 FM waveform, I-6 ramp fail, F-2 ramp sweep mode, S-73 range, power meter, P-22 *RCL, S-15 rear panel connectors, C-4 rear panel output softkeys, M-26 recall instrument state command, S-15 recall key, R-l recall registers, 1-16 recall registers lost message, 2a-4 recall/save, exa
root defined, l-68 root commands defined, l-68 rotary knob, 1-5, R-2 rounding, l-83 routine maintenance, 4-4 RPG, R-2 *RST, S-15 S Index-22 *SAV, S-17 save instrument state command, S-17 save key, S-l save lock, S-l save/recall, example program, l-93 save register recall, R-l save registers, 1-16 save user preset, S-2 scalar network analyzer, pulse modulation rise time, M-22 scalar network analyzer system connections, 3-21 scalar pulse modulation, P-19 SCPI conformance information, S-2 SCPI error message
slow rise time, pulse modulation, M-22 softkey label area, l-4 software revision, S-60 SOURce in general programming model, l-107 trigger command defined, 1-113 source match, pulse modulation, M-21 source module interface, L-3 source module interface connector, C-10, M-23, M-24, M-25 source module interface mnemonics, C-l 1 source module leveling, L-3 source module selection, M-22, M-23, M-24, M-25 space proper use of, l-69 span fail, F-2 span, frequency, S-60 span key, S-60 span operation, l-8 S-parameter
status registers condition register, l-101 enable register, l-102 event register, l-102 example sequence, l-102 general model, l-101 transition filter, l-102 status register structure, SCPI, S-55 status system overview, l-101 *STB?, S-17 step attenuator, A-6 step control master, S-64 step control slave, S-65 step dwell, S-67 stepped frequency mode, dwell time, S-67 stepped mode, number of points, S-67 stepped sweep coupled, D-10 stepped sweep mode, S-74 stepped sweep mode, step size, S-68 step points, S-67
sweep complete, wait command, S-17 sweep, example program, l-90 sweep functions, S-72 sweep LED, l-6, 1-12 sweep mode stepped functions, S-68 sweep mode ramp, S-73 sweep modes, 1-12 sweep mode step, S-74 sweep mode stepped frequency list, S-73 sweep once, S-59 sweep output connector, C-5 sweep span calibrate always, S-74 sweep span calibrate once, S-75 sweep span calibration, F-16 sweep time, l-10 sweep time coupled to stepped sweep, D-10 sweep time key, S-75 sweep time set automatically, S-76 swept offset
track fail, F-2 tracking, l-49 tracking functions, T-2 transition filter, l-102 in general status register model, l-101 *TRG, S-17 *TRG[trgJ, 1-113 triangle AM waveform, I-4 FM waveform, I-7 trigger automatic, frequency list, L-7 stepped sweep automatic, S-69 stepped sweep external, S-70 sweep mode external, S-63 trigger commands defined, l-112 trigger functions list mode, P-13 trigger, group execute command, S-17 TRIGGER (HP BASIC), l-113 trigger input BNC, S-71 trigger input connector, C-6 trigger, interf
U uncoupled attenuator, A-7, U-l unleveled message, l-10, l-18 unlock, information on status, U-l UNLVLD message, l-18 UNLVLED message, l-10 during amplitude modulation, M-14 up arrow, A-21 user calibration functions, U-3 user-defined leveling, F-4 user defined menu, U-4 user defined menu erase, U-5 user defined softkey erase, U-5 user defined softkeys, A-22 user flatness array, l-33-46 frequency value, E-2 HP 437B, l-34 power meter, l-36 user flatness correction, F-4 HP 437B measure, M-7, M-8 power meter
