Pilot’s Guide Fuel Scan FS-450M TWIN Copyright © 2002 J.P. Instruments, Inc. All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America J.P.INSTRUMENTS Information: P. O. Box 7033 Huntington Beach, CA 92646 Factory: 3185B Airway Costa Mesa, CA 92626 (714) 557-5434 Fax (714) 557-9840 www.jpinstruments.
Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction Product Features Fuel Management Section 2 Displays and Controls Section 3 Modes and Alarms Modes Alarms Section 4 Operation Diagnostic Testing on Startup and During Flight Parameter Indexing Section 5 Personalizing Pilot Programming FS-450M Set Up Fuel Measurement Units, Fuel Capacity, Alarm Limits Section 6 Data Formats, Diagnostics Navigation Data Input Formats Setting GPS-C Communications Output Format Section 7 Rear Panel Connector Pin Assignments Section 8 Tec
Section 1 - Introduction Product Features • • • • • • Fuel quantity measured in gallons, liters, or pounds Low fuel quantity alarm Low fuel time alarm GPS interface—bi-directional serial interface Solid-state pulse generating rotor fuel flow transducers Instantaneous fuel flow rate • • • • • • • Total amount of fuel consumed Fuel consumed by each engine Total fuel remaining Time to empty at the current fuel flow rate Fuel required to next waypoint Fuel reserve at next waypoint Nautical miles per gallon
Section 2 - Displays and Controls The FS-450M helps you manage your fuel. There are two components of the user interface: • • Digital display for numeric readouts and messages: top display is fuel flow per hour and the lower display for all other parameters. Two front panel operating buttons: STEP and AUTO FlowScan® 450M Left 2.
tap of the STEP button will display the next parameter in the sequence. • Holding the STEP button will display the previous parameters in the sequence (rapidly backwards). • In the programming procedures, described on page 8, tapping the STEP button will advance to the next item in the list. • When an alarm is displayed, tapping the STEP button will temporarily delete that alarm from appearing for the next ten minutes.
Section 3 - Modes and Alarms Modes There are two standard operating modes of the FS-450M: Automatic Indexing, and Manual Indexing. Most of the time you will operate the FS-450M in the Automatic indexing mode. When you first turn on the power the FS-450M starts in the Manual indexing mode, but will enter the Automatic indexing mode after a minute. Tapping the AUTO button will begin the Automatic Indexing Mode. Alarms The FS-450M has programmable alarms.
Start Up Fuel After initial self-test, you will be asked to inform the FS-450M of start up fuel. The FS-450M will display (or LITERS or POUNDS) for one second, and then flash . During flight you may also inform the FS-450M of startup fuel using the pilot program mode, beginning on page 8, if you forgot to do so at start up. Refer to the column in the chart below corresponding to your fuel tank configuration.
Adding Fuel and Auxiliary Tanks auxiliary tank Auxiliary capacity main tank Main capacity tab main tank with tab If your aircraft has tank fill tabs and no auxiliary tanks, you can use the auxiliary tank feature to select either filling to the tank tabs or topping the tank. See “Main Tank Capacity” and “Auxiliary Tanks” beginning on page 15 to program the FS-450M for this feature.
Accumulate Total—Trip Total You may either display total fuel used • since the last time you informed the FS-450M that the aircraft was refueled, or • for an extended trip with multiple fuel stops. This selection affects only the USed parameter, . How to select whether to accumulate for a extended trip or reset at each refueling is described in “Pilot Programming” beginning on page 8.
Parameter Indexing Sequence Fuel flow rate is always shown on the top display. GPH (or LPH, or PPH) Fuel Flow Rate The lower display shows the following parameters in this sequence. Parameter Description Example Comments Total fuel used Total used by both engines Fuel USed by each engine Left and right engines shown separately.
for two seconds and then the sequence shown in the chart below. Tap the STEP button to advance to the next item in the list. Tap the AUTO button to select alternate values of that item. Tap STEP to advance to the next item Tap AUTO to sequence Comments ⇔ Y—Yes—to change fuel status (see page 5 … Indexing rate in the Automatic Indexing Mode. Selecting 0, disables the Automatic Indexing Mode. Used to set and fine tune the K factors.
Start Up Fuel During flight you may also inform the FS-450M of startup fuel using the pilot program mode. See page 5 for the steps to take to set the start up fuel if you did not set it during power up. Indexing Rate In the automatic mode the display will automatically index through each parameter and pause for a period of time. The pause time can be set from between 1 and 9 seconds. Set the rate to 0 to inhibit the automatic indexing mode.
used, fuel remaining and time to empty are not retroactively recalculated. Fine Tuning the K Factors The K factor shown on the fuel flow transducer does not take into account your aircraft’s particular installation. Fuel hose diameters and lengths, elbows, fittings and routing can cause the true K factor to be different from that shown on the fuel flow transducer. Setting the K factors Use the following procedure to determine the new K factors. 1.
(o(L) ) ) x (p(R) New K Factor (R )= (n(R) ) (o (R) ) Every time you fine tune the K factors, record the measurements here: Date nFS450M fuel used oactual fuel used pCurrent K factor Left Right New K factor = nxp/o Left Right If you haven’t already done so, start the pilot programming procedure, simultaneously hold the STEP and AUTO buttons for five seconds. You will see the words for two seconds. 1. Tap STEP button twice to advance to the display 2.
Setting the GPS-C Comm settings The GPS-C setting selects the format of the fuel data output of the FS-450M. GPS-C Input to GPS; output of FS-450M 0 1* 2* 3 4 5 6* No fuel data output Garmin (Shadin Miniflow format) Allied Signal (format B) Arnav/EI fuel data Allied Signal (format C) (Not used) UPS fuel/air data * Recommended formats.
Procedure—Changing the Set Up: Hold both buttons for 5 seconds until the words Tap STEP to next item Tap STEP button until the words Hold or tap AUTO to sequence through these values ⇒ POUNDS ⇒ LITERS Hold or tap AUTO to select ⇔ Hold or tap AUTO to select Hold or tap AUTO to select low time limit Hold or tap AUTO to select low quantity limit ⇔ FILTR = 1, 2 or 3 ⇔ Page 14 Hold both buttons for 5 seconds until the words Description Selects fuel units Main tank capacity, in units selected Y—Yes—aircra
Fuel Measurement Units, Fuel Capacity, Alarm Limits Fuel Measurement Units Selects the units in all parameters where fuel quantity or fuel rate is displayed. If you change this parameter, it does not change the numerical value of the fuel tank capacity. You must do this manually. For example if you change from gallons to pounds, the tank capacity will be interpreted as 50 pounds rather than 50 gallons; the FS-450M will not convert 50 gallons to equivalent pounds.
Carburetor? Different response filters are used depending on whether your engines are carbureted or fuel injected. The filters for a carbureted engine have a slower response time to reduce sudden fluctuations in readings. Select FILTR=1, 2 or 3 where higher number is more smoothing. Pick the lowest number that gives steady readings. Flow Only If you want to display only fuel flow, TOTaL and USed without any alarms and without displaying HRMN, REQ, RES, MPG and REM, enable the flow only setting.
Setting GPS-C Communications Output Format GPS-C 0 1* 2* 3 4 5 6* Input to GPS; output of FS-450M No fuel data output Garmin (Shadin Miniflow format) Allied Signal (format B) Arnav/EI fuel data Allied Signal (format C) (Not used) UPS fuel/air data * Recommended formats. GPS Interface Diagnostic Messages Parameters REQ - RES - MPG are all missing from the scan. message and parameters REQ - RES - MPG are missing from scan. message and parameters REQ - RES - MPG are missing from scan.
Navigation Data (output of GPS; input to FS-450M) Compatible with RS-232, TTL, RS-423, RS-422 SDA. Serial data format 8 data, 1 start, no parity. Baud rates: 1,200, 4,800, or 9,600 depending on the GPS data output format. The FS-450M automatically detects the GPS data output format and is independent of the GPS-C setting. Fuel Data (input to GPS; output of FS-450M) Serial data format 8 data, 1 start, no parity. Baud rate: 9,600.
Section 8 - Technical Support JPI offers both e-mail and telephone technical support. Have your model and serial number ready when you call. Call JPI for a return authorization number before returning any equipment. J.P.INSTRUMENTS 3185B Airway, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 800 345-4574 714 557-3805 www.jpinstruments.
Limited Warranty J.P. Instruments, Inc. (JPI), warrants all parts in your new FS-450M to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use. Our obligation under this warranty is limited to repair or exchange of any defective part of this unit if the part is returned, shipping prepaid, within two years for electronics and one year for probes from the date of original purchase. Installation labor is the responsibility of the aircraft owner.
Index A Accumulate total, 7 Adding fuel, 5, 6 Adjusting K-factor, 10 Alarm limits factory defaults, 13 low fuel, 15 Alarms, 4 disabling, 4 resetting, 4 Allied Signal, 13, 17 Arnav, 13, 17 AUTO button, 3 Automatic Indexing Mode, 4 Auxiliary tanks, 5, 15 Aviation data format, 16 B Baud rate, 18 Beginning fuel, 5 C Calibration K-factor, 10 Capacity, fuel tank, 6 CARB?, 14 Carburetor, 16 Changing the set up, 13 COM, 17 Connector pin assignments, 18 Controls, 2 Custom programming, 8 alarm limits, 13 D Data
Gallons per hour, 8 Garmin, 13, 17 GPH, 8 GPS comm settings, 13 constant, 9 data formats, 16 GPS-C, 9 interface diagnostics, 17 H Holding a button, 2 HRMN, 8 I Indexing, 4, 7 Informing the FS-460 startup fuel, 5 K K-factor, 10 changing, 9, 11 L LITERS, 15 Low fuel alarm limit, 15 LPH, 8 M Main tank capacity, 15 Manual Indexing Mode, 4 Miles per gallon, 8 MIN, 4 Modes, 4 MPG, 8 MPG, MPL, MPP, 8 N Nautical miles per gallon, 8 Navigation data formats, 16 NMEA-183, 16 Northstar binary format, 16 O OFF, 4
alarm limits, 13 Shadin Miniflow, 13, 17 SIG, 17 Startup diagnostics, 4 fuel, 5 STEP button, 2 T Tabs, 5 Tabs, tank, 15 Tanks, fuel capacity, 6, 15 tabs, 6, 15 Tapping a button, 2 Technical support, 19 Test, self, 4 Time to empty, 8 Top fuel tanks.
FS-450M Specifications FAA Approved Operating Temperature Range: Fuel Flow Transducer: STC SA00432SE -40 to 195 oF Display Size: 2 1/4 in panel mount 2.6 in. sq., 2.5 in. deep incl. conn.
FS-450M Quick Reference Card Reset Alarm Temporary reset (next 10 minutes): tap STEP. Totalize Fuel Used 1. Hold both STEP and AUTO until you see: Reset for remainder of flight: hold STEP until the word appears. Reset Fuel Used 1. Tap STEP until USD indicator lights up. 2. Hold AUTO for 3 seconds to reset fuel used to 0. No Fuel Added 1. On initial power up see: 2. Tap STEP to exit. immediately followed by: 2. Tap STEP four times and see: 3.
FS-450M Quick Reference Card Filled Tanks Added or Removed Fuel In flight do steps 1, 2, 3 first (on power up skip to step 4) In flight do steps 1, 2, 3 first (on power up skip to step 4) 1. Hold both STEP and AUTO until you see: 1. Hold both STEP and AUTO until you see: immediately followed by: immediately followed by: 2. Tap AUTO and see: 2. Tap AUTO and see: 3. Tap STEP. 3. Tap STEP. 4. See: 4. See: immediately followed by: immediately followed by: 5. Tap AUTO and see: 5.
