Service Manual Instruction Manual

SECTION 3 - CHASSIS & TURNTABLE
3-76 – JLG Lift – 3121616
3.17 BIO FUEL IN DEUTZ ENGINES
General
Use of bio fuels is permitted for the compact engines made by
DEUTZ.
Distillate fuels with residue oil percentages or mixed fuels may
not be used in DEUTZ compact engines.
DEUTZ vehicle engines are designed for diesel fuels in accor-
dance with EN 590 with a cetane number of at least 51. DEUTZ
engines for mobile machinery are designed for a cetane num-
ber of at least 45. When using fuels of a low cetane number, dis-
turbing white smoke and ignition misfires are to be expected
under some circumstances.
A cetane number of at least 40 is permissible for the US market,
therefore special engine models have been developed to
avoid starting difficulties, extreme white smoke or increased
hydrocarbon emissions (EPA specification - US EPA REGULA-
TIONS FOR LARGE NONROAD COMPRESSION-IGNITION
ENGINES).
If white smoke is unacceptable when using a very low cetane
number, use of ignition improvers is to be recommended as a
later remedial measure.
Certification measurements for compliance with legal emission
limits are carried out with test fuels prescribed by law. These
correspond to diesel fuels in accordance with EN 590 and
ASTM D 975. No emission values are guaranteed with other
fuels described. It is the obligation of the owner to check per-
mission for use of fuels in accordance with regional regula-
tions.
Bio Fuel
PERMITTED BIO-DIESEL FUELS
Originally only rape seed oil methylester (RME) was sold as a
bio-diesel fuel in Europe but fatty acid methylester (FAME)
based on other oils have come onto the market increasingly in
recent years. However, with the latter there is a risk that the limit
values of EN 14214 are not kept in the field. Anyone who uses
bio-diesel fuel in DEUTZ engines must therefore choose his
supplier very carefully and have him guarantee compliance
with the EN 14214 limit values. Since experience has shown
that rape seed oil methylester (RME) exceeds the limit values
less often that other esters, it is expressly recommended to use
only rape seed oil methyester. DEUTZ customers in Germany
can additionally ensure the quality by buying bio-diesel fuel
with an AGQM certificate (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Qualitäts-Man-
agement Biodiesel e.V.).
The use of US bio-diesel based on soy oil methylester is only
permissible in mixtures with diesel fuel with a bio-diesel part of
a max. 20 weight-%. The US bio-diesel used for the mixture must
comply with the ASTM D6751-07a (B100) standard.
APPROVED ENGINES
912, 913, 914, 1011, 2011, 1012, 2012, 1013, 2013, 413 and 513
series are approved for bio-diesel from year of manufacture
1993 under compliance with basic conditions specified below.
BASIC CONDITIONS TO BE OBSERVED
• A power loss of 5-9% in relation to diesel fuel in accordance
with EN 590 is possible due to the lower heating value.
Blocking of fuel injector is not allowed.
• Lubricating oil quality must correspond to TR 0199-99-
3002. Lubricating oil change interval must be halved in
relation to operation with diesel fuel in accordance with EN
590.
• Standstills of longer than 4 to 6 weeks must be avoided with
bio-diesel. Otherwise, engine must be started and stopped
with diesel fuel.
• Bio-diesels can be mixed with normal diesel fuel but basic
conditions described in this subsection apply for mixtures.
Mixtures with up to 5% (m/m) bio-diesel (B5) which have
recently been on sale at European fuel stations are
excepted. These fuels must be treated like normal diesel
fuels because EN 590 expressly permits adding up to 5%
(m/m) bio-diesel in accordance with EN 14214.
• Approximately 30-50 hours after changing from diesel fuel to
bio-diesel, the fuel filter should be changed as a preventive
measure to avoid a drop in performance due to clogged fuel
filters. Deposited fuel ageing products are dissolved by bio-
diesel and transported into the fuel filter. They should not
be changed immediately, but after 30 to 50 hours because
that is the time it takes for most dirt to be dissolved.
PLANT OIL
PURE PLANT OILS (E.G. RAPE SEED OIL, SOY OIL, PALM OIL) ARE NOT CLASSIFIED AS
BIO-DIESEL AND EXHIBIT PROBLEMATICAL PROPERTIES FOR DIESEL ENGINE OPER-
ATION (STRONG TENDENCY TO COKE, RISK OF PISTON SEIZURE, EXTREMELY HIGH
VISCOSITY, AND POOR EVAPORATION BEHAVIOR).
The conversion of DEUTZ engines to rape seed oil fuel opera-
tion with conversion kits and modified tanks systems of various
manufacturers is not allowed and leads to loss of warranty
rights.