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©Eastman Kodak Company, 2007

October 2007 • F-4016

TECHNICAL DATA /

BLACK-AND-WHITE FILM

KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX

Films

—NOTICE—

To reflect our enduring commitment to black-and-white

photography, Kodak moved black-and-white film production to an

even more advanced film-coating facility in early 2002. New

technology applied to these superior, time-tested emulsions

resulted in slightly different processing times for the film family.

But the same great films—those you've known and trusted for

years—will still deliver the same breathtaking results.

The packaging examples below are the best way to determine

which film you have. Refer to the corresponding publication for

development times.

Note: T-MAX 400 Film was improved in October 2007. Some film

characteristics, including processing times, have changed. Refer to

Kodak publication F-4043 for packaging examples.

2002-9/2007 packaging, refer

to this publication (F-4016)

New (10/07) packaging, refer

to Kodak publication F-4043:

See page 30 (back cover) for complete information on film

identification.

CONTENTS

KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100, 400, and P3200

Films

Features and Benefits .............................................. 2

Sizes Available........................................................... 3

KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 and 400 Films

Darkroom Recommendations ............................... 3

Storage and Handling .............................................. 3

Exposure ..................................................................... 4

Adjustments for Long/Short Exposures ... 5

Filter Corrections............................................. 5

Manual Processing................................................... 6

Small-Tank Processing ................................... 6

Large-Tank Processing ................................... 7

Tray Processing................................................ 8

Rotary-Tube Processing ................................. 8

Final Steps in Tank, Tray, and Rotary-Tube 9

Push Processing............................................... 10

Machine Processing................................................. 12

Contrast Adjustment............................................... 13

Retouching ................................................................. 13

Image Structure ........................................................ 13

Curves.......................................................................... 14

KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX P3200 Film

Darkroom Recommendations ............................... 19

Storage and Handling .............................................. 19

Exposure ..................................................................... 19

Adjustments for Long/Short Exposures ... 20

Filter Corrections............................................. 20

Manual Processing................................................... 20

Small-Tank Processing ................................... 21

Large-Tank Processing ................................... 22

Rotary-Tube Processing ................................. 23

Final Steps in Tank, Tray, and Rotary-Tube 24

Machine Processing................................................. 24

Image Structure ........................................................ 25

Curves.......................................................................... 25

More Information.............................................................. 29

Summary of content (30 pages)

PAGE 1
KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX Films October 2007 • F-4016 TECHNICAL DATA / BLACK-AND-WHITE FILM CONTENTS —NOTICE— To reflect our enduring commitment to black-and-white photography, Kodak moved black-and-white film production to an even more advanced film-coating facility in early 2002. New technology applied to these superior, time-tested emulsions resulted in slightly different processing times for the film family.
PAGE 2
KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Film ⁄ 100TMX is a continuous-tone panchromatic black-and-white negative film for general outdoor and indoor photography. It is especially useful for detailed subjects when you need maximum image quality. It is also excellent for copying black-and-white photographs, for making black-and-white copies from color transparencies, and for photomicrography.
PAGE 3
SIZES AVAILABLE DARKROOM RECOMMENDATIONS Catalog numbers and packaging may differ from country to country. See your dealer who supplies KODAK PROFESSIONAL Products. Do not use a safelight. Handle unprocessed film in total darkness. Do not develop these films by inspection. KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Plate The KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Plate is a continuous-tone panchromatic plate that has the same sensitometric characteristics as KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Film / 100TMX.
PAGE 4
EXPOSURE Use This Exposure Index The nominal speed of KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Film is EI 100. It was determined in a manner published in ISO standards. Exposing the film at EI 100 should usually lead to the minimum exposure required to produce negatives of very high quality (see the following table). This film has good latitude and responds well to changes in development time. For consistent results, use the rated speed or make tests to determine a speed rating that meets your needs.
PAGE 5
Adjustments for Long and Short Exposures At the exposure times in the table below, compensate for the reciprocity characteristics of these films by increasing the exposure as shown.
PAGE 6
PROCESSING These starting-point recommendations are intended to produce negatives with a contrast appropriate for printing with a diffusion enlarger. To print negatives with a condenser enlarger, you may need to adjust the contrast by reducing your development time; see “Adjusting Film Contrast.” Tank development times shorter than 5 minutes may produce unsatisfactory uniformity.
PAGE 7
Large-Tank Processing (1/2- to 3 1/2-gallon tank)— Rolls and Sheets Agitate continuously for the first 15 to 30 seconds by raising and lowering the basket, rack, or spindle 1/2 inch. Do not agitate the basket, rack, or spindle for the remainder of the first minute. Then agitate once per minute by lifting the basket, rack, or spindle out of the developer, tilting it approximately 30 degrees, draining it for 5 to 10 seconds, and reimmersing it. Alternate the direction of tilting the basket, rack, or spindle.
PAGE 8
Tray Processing—Sheets Provide continuous agitation; rotate the sheets 90 degrees as you interleave them. Prewetting sheet film may improve tray process uniformity.
PAGE 9
Rotary-Tube Processing—Sheets KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Film KODAK Developer or Developer and Replenisher KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 400 Film Development Time in Minutes Development Time in Minutes 65°F (18°C) 68°F (20°C) 70°F (21°C) 72°F (22°C) 75°F (24°C) 68°F (20°C) 70°F (21°C) 72°F (22°C) 75°F (24°C) T-MAX RS* — 73⁄4 71⁄4 63⁄4 61 ⁄4 61⁄2 6 51⁄2 51⁄2 T-MAX RS (1:7) † — — — — 81⁄2 — — — 71⁄2 — 121⁄2 — — — 81 ⁄ 2 T-MAX RS (1:9)† — — — XTOL 83⁄4 71⁄4 61⁄2 53⁄
PAGE 10
PUSH PROCESSING Push processing allows film to be exposed at higher speeds, however, push processing will not produce optimum quality. There will be some loss in shadow detail, an increase in graininess, and an increase in contrast. The degree of these effects varies from slight to very significant depending on the amount of underexposure and push processing. The results are usually excellent with 1-stop and 2-stop push, and acceptable with 3-stop push depending on the lighting and the scene contrast.
PAGE 11
Large-Tank Processing, (1/2- to 3 1/2-gallon tank)—Sheets KODAK Developer or Developer and Replenisher T-MAX RS KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Film KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 400 Film Development Time in Minutes Development Time in Minutes EI 200 EI 400 EI 800 EI 1600 68°F (20°C) 75°F (24°C) 68°F (20°C) 75°F (24°C) 68°F (20°C) 70°F (21°C) 72°F (22°C) 75°F (24°C) 75°F (24°C) 83⁄4 7 — 111⁄4 10 8 71⁄2 6 9 — 7 1 ⁄4 9 1⁄2 81⁄4 71⁄2 6 1⁄2 73⁄4 XTOL — — Note: Do not use KODAK T-M
PAGE 12
MACHINE PROCESSING Large Tank Rack-and-Tank Processors Roller-Transport Processors The development times for large-tank rack-and-tank processors are based on a machine speed that transfers the film every 2 minutes. The times given below are starting-point recommendations for T-MAX RS Developer and Replenisher and XTOL Developer. Make tests to determine if results are acceptable for your needs.
PAGE 13
Push Processing: Large Tank Rack-and-Tank Processors The development times for these processors are based on a machine speed that transfers the film every 2 minutes. The times given below are starting-point recommendations. Make tests to determine if results are acceptable for your needs.
PAGE 14
CURVES KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 400 Film KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Film Modulation Transfer Curves Modulation Transfer Curves 200 200 100 100 30 70 50 20 30 RESPONSE (%) RESPONSE (%) 70 50 10 7 5 Exposure: Tungsten Process: Small Tank KODAK Developer D-76, 68 F (20 C) Densitometry: Diffuse visual 3 2 20 10 7 5 3 Tungsten; KODAK PROFESSIONAL Developer D-76; 20 C (68 F); Small Tank; Diffuse Visual 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 10 20 50 100 200 600 1 SPATIAL FREQUENCY (cycles/mm) 1 2 3 4 5
PAGE 15
KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Film Characteristic Curves 3.0 4.0 Exposure: Daylight Process: KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX Developer; Small Tank; 20°C (68°F) Densitometry: Diffuse Visual Exposure: Daylight Process: KODAK PROFESSIONAL Developer D-76; Small Tank; 20˚C (68˚F) Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 2.0 10 min 7.5 min 6 min DENSITY DENSITY 3.0 2.0 1.0 12 min 10 min 7 min 6 min 1.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.
PAGE 16
KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 100 Film Contrast Index Curves 0.9 Process: Small Tank, 68˚F (20˚C ) Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 CONTRAST INDEX CONTRAST INDEX 0.9 0.6 D-76 D-76, (1:1) T-MAX T-MAX RS XTOL XTOL 1:1 HC-110 (B) 0.5 0.4 0.6 D-76 T-MAX RS XTOL 0.5 HC-110 (B) 0.4 Process: Large Tank 68˚F (20˚C ) Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 0.3 0.3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 4 18 6 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 CONTRAST INDEX CONTRAST INDEX 0.9 0.6 XTOL 0.5 8 10 12 14 18 0.
PAGE 17
KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 400 Film Characteristic Curves 4.0 4.0 Exposure: Daylight Process: Large tank KODAK T-MAX RS Developer and Replenisher, 75 F (24 C) Densitometry: Diffuse visual Exposure: Daylight Process: Small tank KODAK Developer D-76, 68 F (20 C) Densitometry: Diffuse visual 3.0 3.0 in m in 12 0 m 1 in m in 10 2.0 DENSITY DENSITY 12 m in 8 m in 6m 8 min 2.0 in 6m 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 4.0 0.0 1.0 F002_0509AC LOG EXPOSURE (lux-seconds) 3.0 2.0 0.0 1.
PAGE 18
KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX 400 Film Contrast Index Curves 0.9 1.2 T-MAX RS, 75˚F (24˚C) T-MAX, 75˚F (24˚C) HC-110 (B), 68˚F (20˚C) 0.8 CONTRAST INDEX CONTRAST INDEX 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Process: Small Tank Densitometry: Diffuse Visual D-76, 68˚F (20˚C) XTOL, 68˚F (20˚C) D-76 (1:1), 68˚F (20˚C) XTOL 1:1,, 68˚F (20˚C) 0.7 0.6 HC-110 (B), 68˚F (20˚C ) D-76, 68˚F (20˚C ) T-MAX RS, 75˚F (24˚C ) XTOL, 68˚F (20˚C ) 0.5 0.4 Process: Large Tank Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 0.3 0.
PAGE 19
KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX P3200 FILM DARKROOM RECOMMENDATIONS Do not use a safelight. Handle unprocessed film in total darkness. Do not develop this film by inspection. Note: Some darkroom timers will glow (fluoresce) for some time after you turn off the lights in a darkroom. To avoid fogging this film, turn the face of timers away from the area where you handle unprocessed film. The afterglow from fluorescent lights will also fog this film.
PAGE 20
Adjustments for Long and Short Exposures At the exposure times in the table below, compensate for the reciprocity characteristics of these films by increasing the exposure as shown.
PAGE 21
Small-Tank Processing (8- or 16-ounce tank) With small single- or double-reel tanks, drop the loaded film reel into the developer and attach the top to the tank. Firmly tap the tank on the top of the work surface to dislodge any air bubbles. Provide initial agitation of 5 to 7 inversion cycles in 5 seconds, i.e., extend your arm and vigorously twist your wrist 180 degrees. Then repeat this agitation procedure at 30-second intervals for the rest or the development time.
PAGE 22
Large-Tank Processing (1/2- to 3 1/2-gallon tank) Agitate continuously for the first 15 to 30 seconds by raising and lowering the basket, rack, or spindle 1/2 inch. Do not agitate the basket, rack, or spindle for the remainder of the first minute. Then agitate once per minute by lifting the basket, rack, or spindle out of the developer, tilting it approximately 30 degrees, draining it for 5 to 10 seconds, and reimmersing it. Alternate the direction of tilting the basket, rack, or spindle.
PAGE 23
Rotary-Tube Processing Follow the agitation recommendations for your processor.
PAGE 24
Final Steps MACHINE PROCESSING Rinse at 70 to 85°F (21 to 29°C) with agitation in KODAK Indicator Stop Bath or running water for 30 seconds. Fix at 70 to 85°F (21 to 29°C) for 3 to 5 minutes with vigorous agitation in KODAK Rapid Fixer. Be sure to agitate the film frequently during fixing. Roller-Transport Processors Note: To keep fixing times as short as possible, we strongly recommend using KODAK Rapid Fixer.
PAGE 25
CURVES Large-Tank Rack-and-Tank Processors The development times for large-tank rack-and-tank processors are based on a machine speed that transfers the film every 2 minutes. The times given below are starting-point recommendations. Make tests to determine if results are acceptable for your needs.
PAGE 26
Characteristic Curves 4.0 4.0 Exposure: Daylight Process: KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX Developer; Small Tank; 20°C (68°F) Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 3.0 13 min 11 min 9 min 8 min DENSITY DENSITY 3.0 Exposure: Daylight Process: KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX RS Developer and Replenisher; Large Tank; 20°C (68°F) Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 2.0 1.0 9 min 10 min 12 min 14 min 17 min 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 4.0 LOG EXPOSURE (lux-seconds) 1.0 2.0 0.0 1.
PAGE 27
Contrast Index Curves 1.1 Process: Small Tank Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 CONTRAST INDEX CONTRAST INDEX 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.6 HC-110, 68˚F (20˚C) D-76, 68˚F (20˚C) T-MAX RS, 75˚F (24˚C) T-MAX, 75˚F (24˚C) 0.5 0.4 Process: Small Tank; KODAK XTOL Developer (no diluton) 0.8 0.7 68˚F (20˚C) 70˚F (21˚C) 75˚F (24˚C) 80˚F (27˚C) 85˚F (29˚C) 0.6 0.5 0.4 Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 0.3 0.
PAGE 28
1.1 Process: Rotary Tube Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 CONTRAST INDEX CONTRAST INDEX 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.7 68˚F (20˚C) 70˚F (21˚C) 75˚F (24˚C) 80˚F (27˚C) 85˚F (29˚C) 0.6 0.5 HC-110, 68˚F (20˚C) D-76, 68˚F (20˚C) T-MAX RS, 75˚F (24˚C) T-MAX, 75˚F (24˚C) 0.5 Process: Rotary Tube; KODAK XTOL Developer (no diluton) 0.4 Densitometry: Diffuse Visual 0.3 0.3 4 8 12 16 20 4 24 8 12 16 20 24 DEVELOPMENT TIME (MINUTES) DEVELOPMENT TIME (MINUTES) 1.1 1.
PAGE 29
MORE INFORMATION Kodak has many publications to assist you with information on Kodak products, equipment, and materials. The following publications are available from dealers who sell Kodak products, or you can contact Kodak in your country for more information.
PAGE 30
KODAK PROFESSIONAL T-MAX Films Familiar films. New processing times. Same great prints. To reflect our enduring commitment to black-and-white photography, black-and-white film production will take place in an even more advanced film-coating facility. New technology applied to these superior, time-tested emulsions will result in slightly different processing times for the film family. But the same great films—those you've known and trusted for years—will still deliver the same breathtaking results.