Installation Instructions
B1700·B2100·B2400 WSM,11771 6
FRONT
AXLE
[2] FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
To assure smooth
mobility
or
maneuverability and
enhance
stable
and
straight
running,
the
front
wheels are
mounted
at
an angle
to
the
right,
left
and
forward
directions.
This
arrangement
is
referred
to
as
the
Front Wheel Alignment.
[Camber]
[Kingpin Angle]
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C045F051
C045F053
The
front
wheels are
tilted
from
the
vertical
as
viewed
from
the
front,
upper wheels are spreader
than
lower
ones.
This
inclination
is
called camber (a). Camber
reduces
bending
or
twisting
of
the
front
axle
caused by vertical load
or
running resistance, and
also maintains
the
stability in running.
The kingpin
is
tilted
from the vertical
as
viewed
from
the
front.
This angle
is
called kingpin angle (a).
As
with
the
camber, kingpin angle reduces rolling resistance
of
the
wheels, and prevents any shimmy
motion
of
the
steeri ng wheel.
It
also reduces steering
effort.
Camber
2WD
4WD
0.035 rad.
2
0
Kin~pin
inclination
0.140 rad.
(8°)
0.209 rad. (12°)
[Caster]
Front
Rear
[Toe-in]
Front
t
Rear
C045F052
C045F054
The
kingpin
is
tilted
forward
as
viewed
from
the
side. The
point
(b)
of
the
wheel
center
line
is
behind
the
point
(a)
of
the
kingpin
shaft
center
line.
This inclination
is
called caster
(c).
Caster helps
provide steering stability.
As
with
the
kingpin
inclination, caster reduces
steeri ng
effort.
Viewing
the
front
wheels
from
above reveals
that
the
distance between
the
toes
of
the
front
wheels
is
smaller than
that
between the heels.
It
is
called toe-in. The
front
wheels tend
to
roll
outward
due
to
the
camber,
but
toe-in offsets
it
and ensures parallel
rolling
of
the
front
wheels.
Another
purpose
of
toe-in
is
to
prevent excessive
and uneven
wear
of
tires.
1
to
10
mm
0.04
to
0.39 in.
2WD
4WD
Toe-in
Caster
2WD 0 rad.
I I
4WD
0°
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D6-M4