20 30 40 50 GPS System 500 GPS Equipment User Manual Version 4.
GPS System 500 Symbols used in this manual Congratulations on your purchase of a new Leica System GPS500. The symbols used in this User Manual have the following meanings: DANGER: Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. This manual contains important safety directions (refer to chapter "Safety directions") as well as instructions for setting up the product and operating it.
View of chapters GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.
Contents Introduction ................................................... 6 Getting started with the new RS equipment .................................................... 28 System description ....................................... 7 RS500 - Introduction ............................................... 28 Receiver Hardware ................................................. 29 GPS Receiver ........................................................... 7 Receiver Hardware .....................................
Contents, continued Safety Directions ......................................... 44 Intended use of instrument ..................................... 44 Permitted uses .......................................................... 44 Prohibited uses ......................................................... 44 Limits of use ........................................................... 45 Responsibilities ...................................................... 45 Hazards of use .......................................
Introduction Leica GPS System 500 comprises of GPS receiver hardware and PC based software for GPS Surveying and related applications. The main components are: • GPS Receiver: Receive the satellite signals. • GPS Terminal: Keyboard and Display device to steer the Receiver • Post-processing software: Used to process GPS data. All of the instructions you need in order to operate your GPS system to a basic level are contained in this user manual.
System description GPS Receiver The GPS Receiver receives the GPS signal from the NAVSTAR satellites and calculates a range to all visible satellites. There are various types of Receivers available: GS50 - 12 L1 channels, carrier aided code and DGPS ability. GS50+ - 12 L1, 12 L2 channels, code and phase, RTK capable SR510 - 12 L1 channels, code and phase SR520 - 12 L1, 12 L2 channels, code and phase See section 8 for technical specifications.
Receiver Hardware Charge the Batteries In most cases, a short introduction in the use of the Receiver and Terminal will be provided by the local Leica representative. If this is not the case proceed as outlined in the following sections. Charge the batteries with the Leica battery charger provided. GEB121, GEB70 or GEB71 batteries may be used to power the GPS equipment. Alternatively refer to the Technical Reference PDF-manual available on the SKI-Pro Installation CD.
Set Up the Equipment To attain full battery capacity for new GEB121 batteries, it is essential to repeat between three and five complete charge/discharge cycles. Successful GPS surveys require undisturbed satellite signal reception. This means that GPS Receivers should be set up in locations which are free of obstructions. No obstacles like trees, buildings, mountains, etc. should block the line between the GPS antenna and GPS satellites.
Post-processing software The Post-processing software is used to process the observations taken by the Receiver in order to compute baselines and coordinates. SKI-Pro Static Kinematic software is the standard post-processing software for dual-frequency receivers. SKI-ProL1 is for single frequency receivers. The user interface for SKI-Pro and SKI-Pro - L1 software packages are identical. System description 10 GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.
Getting started with the new Survey equipment SKI-Pro (SKI-Pro-L1) post-processing software Receiver Hardware In most cases, the software will be installed by the local Leica representative and a short introductory course will be given. In most cases, a short introduction in the use of the Receiver and Terminal will be provided by the local Leica representative. If this is not the case proceed as outlined in the following section. Should this not be the case, install the software as follows: 1.
Measuring with the default configuration Step 1: Power on Step 2: Study the Icons Turn on the sensor by pressing the ON-button on the terminal. One of the following two screens will appear on the display: Most important at this stage is the top part of the screen which contains several symbols (icons) which indicate the current system status. Battery Accuracy GSM Accuracy No. No.visible visible GSM Satellites Status Status Status Battery Status Satellites Status No.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued Upon power on you will first recognize the Number of visible Satellites icon, indicating the number of satellites which are theoretically visible at the current location and time. Usually this number varies between 4 and 9, depending on the satellite geometry and elevation mask. Next to this symbol you find the Number of Satellites used on L1 / L2 icon, indicating the number of satellites currently tracked either on L1 or on L2.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued The Battery Status icon at the right side of the icon line shows from which source the sensor is currently powered. A and B indicate the internal batteries, E an external battery source. The symbol also indicates the voltage level of the currently used battery in 4 different stages from "full" (fully black) to 2/3 to 1/3 and "almost flat" (white colour). You cannot proceed from here if no memory device is available.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued You are now in the Utilities \ Format Memory Module panel: If you want to format the PC-card just press F1 CONT to format the card. If you want to format the internal memory press ENTER. A list-box opens which allows you to select the internal memory. Use the cursor key to highlight Internal, then press ENTER. Then press F1 CONT in order to start the formatting process of the internal memory.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued Step 4: Begin a Survey Enter the Survey operation by either pressing 1 in the Main\ panel or by first navigating to 1 Survey via cursor keys and then pressing ENTER or F1 CONT. The following panel will appear: Some basic decisions have to be made in this panel: Which configuration set should be activated, which job the raw data should be stored and which antenna set-up should be used.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued Now use the cursor up or cursor down key on the terminal to highlight the PP_STAT line. Then press ENTER or F1 CONT. Use the cursor up or cursor down key to highlight the input field for jobs. Then press ENTER. The following listbox will appear: Now press F2 NEW. The following panel appears: Jobs are used to organise and structure the data you collect in the field.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued You can now enter a name for a new job; press ENTER upon completing the input of the name. Input fields for description and creator are optional and can be left blank. By default the new job will be assigned to the PC-card. If needed this can be changed to Internal by toggling the Device input field to Internal. As an example we can create a new job called Test: Pressing F1 CONT confirms the creation of a new job name and its location.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued Now press F1 CONT to confirm the selection of the newly created job. Now all required settings for a static survey are made. The Survey \ Begin panel looks as follows: Finally you have to select the antenna type and and antenna setup which you are using. Normally this will be AT502 on tripod (or AT501 on tripod in case of a SR510 sensor). This selection is made in the usual way: first use the cursor down key to get this input field highlighted.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued It is time to check again the icons on the top of the display: The Position Mode icon should be available, the Position Mode icon still indicates "moving" , the Number of visible satellites icon should display a number greater or at least 4, and the number of used satellites should be identical to the number of visible satellites.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued Now use the height hook to determine the height of the antenna above the survey marker. Insert the height hook into the carrier and measure the height between the white mark at the bottom of the height hook and the survey marker. Enter this reading into the Ant Height field.
Measuring with the default configuration, continued Datalogging should continue depending on your observation plan: a receiver used as reference has to run permanently until all rover site occupations are completed. If a unit is operated as a roving receiver the site occupation time depends mainly on the baseline length and your accuracy requirements. See General Guide to Static and Rapid Static for details.
Processing the data in the SKI-Pro software You might now move to another site and repeat the procedure outlined in this chapter. Once your fieldwork is finished you can proceed by processing the collected data in SKI-Pro in order to get accurate baseline results. During operation of the GPS System 500 the PCCard memory card will become warm. This is normal. In most cases, a short introductory course to the software will have been given by the local Leica representative.
Processing the data in the SKI-Pro software, continued • Process the data Select the Data-Processing view of the project you want to process. The data which was previously reported appears on the screen in both a text and also graphical format. When the computation is finished activate the "Results" view of your project and examine the information which is made available, including the logfile. You must tell the program which station is the Reference and which points are Rover.
Getting started with the new MC equipment MC500 - Introduction The MC500 is a ruggedized System 500 (SR530) which has been built for the high vibration and shock environments. For example, the MC500 can be configured with the TR500 Terminal, all cables are compatible, data can be stored and processed in Ski-Pro. Features that are unique to the MC500 include: Due to its rugged design, the MC500 is ideal for Machine Guidance applications.
Configure by TR500 The TR500 Terminal can be used to configure the MC500, check the status of the observations and satellites in the same way as it is used to configure the System 500 survey receivers. When using the TR500 to configure the MC500, the MC500 must be configured from an external power source, and the TR500 connected to the Terminal Port of the MC500 via a standard Leica data cable. A block diagram of this configuration is shown in Figure MG.02.
Configure through OWI The MC500 can be incorporated as an OEM product into a range of positioning systems by third parties. For example the MC500 can be incorporated into Port Control Systems, Hydrographic Survey systems and general machine guidance systems for Construction, Mining and Agriculture. Leica uses the MC500 as a critical component of the Dozer 2000 Machine Guidance product. The MC500 can be configured using an interface protocol developed by Leica called the Outside World Interface (OWI).
Getting started with the new RS equipment RS500 - Introduction The RS500 receiver has been designed specifically for use as a reference station. The RS500 uses the same housing and meets the same technical and environmental specifications as the SR5xx sensors. For details please refer to the Technical Specifications section of this manual. Generally, the RS500 operates in the same manner as the SR530, but is designed to operate for specific reference station applications using remote control software, i.e.
Receiver Hardware Powering the RS500 The RS500 can be powered using the Leica standard internal Camcorder batteries or Leica standard external batteries for temporary use. For a more permanent setup, a universal 100V-240VAC 50-60Hz to 12VDC power converter is available. Alternative 12VDC power sources may be utilised by means of a user configurable 12VDC power cable with in-line fuse.
Setting up the RS equipment, continued The antenna mounting point should have a 5/8" thread and an unambiguous reference point both horizantally and vertically to which the antenna phase centre can be referenced to. The equipment should ideally be in a secure location with a reliable power supply. An uninterruptable power supply with sufficient backup capacity for the local power conditions is recommended.
Figure RS.01 Basic connection scheme GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.
Basic operating procedures The RS500 can be operated either with the TR500 Terminal or by remote control. However, the TR500 cannot be used for running a survey, stakeout or any of the other applications available for System 500. Used with an RS500, the Terminal provides the general functionality to set certain operation parameters, port configurations and all transfer capabilities, including the upload of new firmware. Via the STATUS hard key all status information is available.
Basic operating procedures, continued Step 3 (optional): Format your memory card Step 4: Connecting the sensor to the PC Step 5(optional): Connecting the sensor to a Radio For a detailed description refer to Step 3 of the chapter Getting started with the new Survey equipment Measuring with the default configuration on pp. 13-14. For normal operations the sensor will be connected to a PC using the RS232 data download cable (560254).
Getting Started with the new GIS equipment Introduction “Getting Started with New GIS Equipment” is designed to help get the beginning user up and running with their new Leica GS50 and GS50+. For more information about setup, features and operations of the GS50, please refer to the “Getting Started with the GS50 / GS50+ Sensor” manual. The Leica GIS DataPRO system is composed of both hardware and software components. The hardware consists of the GS50 sensor, TR500 terminal and antenna.
Receiver Hardware GS50 / GS50+ Sensor The GS50 / GS50+ sensor consists of both a handheld terminal (TR500), and the GPS receiver itself. The GPS receiver receives the GPS signal from the NAVSTAR satellites and calculates a range to the satellites that are visible. The GS50 is a 12-channel L1 code and phase GPS receiver. The standard GS50 does not record phase measurements for post processing purposes. Phase measurements are used internally to smooth pseudorange measurements for higher code positioning.
QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection The QuickStart Tutorial will guide you through a typical data collection session. Each step will indicate which panel you should be viewing by displaying the menu title in brackets (i.e. MAIN\ for the main menu panel). Step 1: Beginning GIS Data Collection (MAIN\) Turn on the sensor by pressing the ON-button on the terminal. The following panel will appear: This is the main data collection panel.
QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection, continued Position Fix Indication The sensor will compute a 2Dposition once 3 satellites are tracked. A 3-D position will be computed. If the accuracy icon does not become visible even after one or two minutes then the sensor is still not tracking satellites. One reason for this is the receiver receiving signals at a location more than 500km from the startup position. If this is the case, then the receiver will download a new almanac.
QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection, continued You can make this selection either by using the “cursor left” key to toggle between all available configuration sets until PP_GIS appears or you can highlight the input field and press ENTER. Then a list box comes up showing all available sets: Step 3: Choosing your codelist (DATA COLL \ Begin) A codelist is simply a list of codes or features. Codes are the building blocks of the codelist and may be thought of as features.
QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection, continued Creating a new codelist From the codelist menu box, press F2 NEW to create a new codelist name. The following panel appears. GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.0en Step 4: Choosing your antenna type (DATA COLL \ Begin) As an example, we will create a codelist called ‘Electric’. Enter the word Electric in the Name input field and press ENTER. Press F1 CONT to return to the codelist menu box. The Electric codelist now appears in the menu box.
QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection, continued Creating codes If your codelist contains no codes, your codelist menu box looks like this: Pressing F1 CONT finishes this startup sequence. As an example, we will create a point code names Pole. We will input the following note in the note field, “Offset to road”. The note field can be used to describe the manner in which data is collected for a particular code. In this example, we are measuring the pole location from the road.
QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection, continued Step 6: Logging point data (ATTRIBUTION\) In this step, you will collect the spatial attribute (position information) for your Pole (point) code. It is time to check again the icons on the top of the display.
QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection, continued Notice that the position mode icon has changed to static mode, indicated by a symbol of a tripod. During data logging, attribute information can be entered into the appropriate input fields. In this example, ‘Utility‘ has been entered for Attrib 1. Data collection times will depend on the situation. If the unit is being used as a reference for post processing, then data must be continually logged until all roving receivers have stopped collecting data.
Care and Transport Transport Storage Cleaning and drying When dispatching the instrument, always use the complete original Leica packaging (case and cardboard box). Temperature limits (-40°C to +70°C / -40°F to +158°F) Respect the temperature limits when storing the instrument, particularly in summer if the instrument is inside a vehicle. Use only a clean, soft, lintfree cloth for cleaning. If necessary, moisten the cloth with pure alcohol. Never carry the instrument loose in a road vehicle.
Safety Directions The following directions should enable the person responsible for the Leica Geosystems GPS, and the person who actually uses the instrument, to anticipate and avoid operational hazards. The person responsible for the instrument must ensure that all users understand these directions and adhere to them.
Prohibited uses, continued WARNING: Adverse use can lead to injury, malfunction and damage. It is the task of the person responsible for the instrument to inform the user about hazards and how to counteract them. The Leica Geosystems GPS is not to be operated until the user has been instructed how to work with it. Limits of use Responsibilities See chapter "Technical specifications".
Responsibilities, continued Hazards of use Responsibilities of the person in charge of the instrument: Main hazards of use WARNING: The person responsible for the instrument must ensure that it is used in accordance with the instructions. This person is also accountable for the training and the deployment of personnel who use the instrument and for the safety of the equipment in use.
Main hazards of use, continued WARNING: If you open the charger, either of the following actions may cause you to receive an electric shock: - Touching live components; - Using the devices after incorrect attempts to carry out repairs. Precautions: Do not open the charger yourself. Only a Leica Geosystems approved service technician is entitled to repair it. CAUTION: Watch out for erroneous measurements if the product is defective or if it has been dropped or has been misused or modified.
Main hazards of use, continued WARNING: Inadequate securing of the survey site can lead to dangerous situations, for example in traffic, on building sites and at industrial installations. Precautions: Always ensure that the survey site is adequately secured. Adhere to the regulations governing accident prevention and road traffic.
Main hazards of use, continued WARNING: If the equipment is improperly disposed of, the following can happen: - If polymer parts are burnt, poisonous gases are produced which may impair health. - If batteries are damaged or are heated strongly, they can explode and cause poisoning, burning, corrosion or environmental contamination.
Main hazards of use, continued - If a Leica Geosystems GPS has to be permanently mounted in an exposed location, it is advisable to provide a lightning conductor system. A suggestion on how to design a lightning conductor for a Leica Geosystems GPS is given below. Always follow the regulations in force in your country with regard to grounding Antennas and masts. These installations must be carried out by an authorised specialist.
Main hazards of use, continued Electromagnetic Compatability (EMC) Air Terminal arrangement (plan view) Grounding the Receiver/Antenna 1 2 3 1 The term "electromagnetic compatability" is taken to mean the capability of the Leica Geosystems GPS to function smoothly in an environment where electromagnetic radiation and electrostatic discharges are present, and without causing electromagnetic disturbances to other equipment.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), continued CAUTION: There is a risk that disturbances may be caused in other equipment if the Leica Geosystems GPS is used in conjunction with accessories from other manufacturers, e.g. field computers, personal computers, walkie-talkies, non-standard cables, external batteries. Precautions: Use only the equipment and accessories recommended by Leica Geosystems.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), continued Use of GPS System 500 with external Radio devices or GSM phones: WARNING: Electromagnetic radiation can cause disturbances in other equipment, in installations (e.g. medical ones such as pacemakers or hearing aids) and in aircraft. It can also affect humans and animals.
FCC statement (applicable in U.S.) WARNING: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
FCC statement (applicable in U.S.), continued Product labeling: MC500 This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.
Technical Specifications The Technical Specifications for Leica GPS equipment are contained on the following pages.
Note: Carrier phase and code measurements on L1 and L2 are fully independent with AS on or off. Satellites Tracked: Up to 12 simultaneously on L1 and L2. Time to first phase measurement typically 30 seconds. Tracking Characteristics: SR510 / GS50 GPS Antennas Satellite Reception: Single frequency AT504 Dorne & Margolin L1/L2 antenna element with gold anodized choke ring groundplane. Complies with IGS type 'T' antenna. Optional protective radome.
Equipment weights Power Receivers Power consumption SR530: SR520: SR510: MC500: RS500: GS50+ : GS50 : 1.25 kg 1.15 kg 1.15 kg 3.10 kg 1.25 kg 1.25 kg 1.15 kg Antennas AT504: AT503: AT502: AT501: SR530: SR520: SR510: MC500: RS500: GS50+: 4.3 kg 2.4 kg 0.4 kg 0.4 kg GS50 : Environmental Specifications maximum 7 Watts (excluding radio) maximum 5.5 Watts maximum 5.5 Watts maximum 7 Watts (excluding radio) maximum 7 Watts (excluding attached accessories) maximum 7 Watts (excluding radio) maximum 5.
Separation distances Baseline precision SR510/SR520/SR530/GS50/GS50+ to AT502 or AT501 Antenna The following specifications are based on measurements processed using SKI-Pro software and are given as baseline rms (root mean square). Supplied cables: 1.2m or 2.8m Optional Cable: 30m Longer cables available on request. Differential Phase MC500 to AT502 Antenna Supplied cables: 1.2m, 2.8m or 10m Optional Cable: 30m Longer cables available on request. RS500 to AT504, AT503 or AT502 Antenna 1.2m, 2.
Note: Baseline precision is dependent upon various factors including the number of satellites tracked, constellation geometry, observation time, ephemeris accuracy, ionospheric disturbance, multipath and resolved ambiguities. Technical Specifications 60 GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.
Leica Geosystems AG, Heerbrugg, Switzerland, has been certified as being equipped with a quality system which meets the International Standards of Quality Management and Quality Systems (ISO standard 9001) and Environmental Management Systems (ISO standard 14001). 712164-4.0.
