LevelOne GSW-2476 24-Port Gigabit w/ 4-Port SFP Web Smart Switch User Manual Version 1.
COMPLIANCES FCC - Class A This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
COMPLIANCES CE Mark Declaration of Conformance for EMI and Safety (EEC) This information technology equipment complies with the requirements of the Council Directive 89/336/EEC on the Approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility and 73/23/EEC for electrical equipment used within certain voltage limits and the Amendment Directive 93/68/EEC.
COMPLIANCES Safety Compliance Warning: Fiber Optic Port Safety CLASS I LASER DEVICE When using a fiber optic port, never look at the transmit laser while it is powered on. Also, never look directly at the fiber TX port and fiber cable ends when they are powered on. Avertissment: Ports pour fibres optiques - sécurité sur le plan optique DISPOSITIF LASER DE CLASSE I Ne regardez jamais le laser tant qu’il est sous tension.
COMPLIANCES Important! Before making connections, make sure you have the correct cord set. Check it (read the label on the cable) against the following: Power Cord Set U.S.A. and Canada The cord set must be UL-approved and CSA certified. The minimum specifications for the flexible cord are: - No. 18 AWG - not longer than 2 meters, or 16 AWG.
COMPLIANCES Warnings and Cautionary Messages Warning: This product does not contain any serviceable user parts. Warning: Installation and removal of the unit must be carried out by qualified personnel only. Warning: When connecting this device to a power outlet, connect the field ground lead on the tri-pole power plug to a valid earth ground line to prevent electrical hazards. Warning: This switch uses lasers to transmit signals over fiber optic cable.
COMPLIANCES Purpose This guide details the hardware features of this switch, including Its physical and performance-related characteristics, and how to install the switch. Audience This guide is for system administrators with a working knowledge of network management. You should be familiar with switching and networking concepts. Related Publications As part of the switch firmware, there is an online web-based help that describes all management related features.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 About GSW-2476 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switch Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Management Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description of Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10/100/1000BASE-T Ports . . . . . . .
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 Making Network Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Connecting Network Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Twisted-Pair Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Cabling Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Connecting to PCs, Servers, Hubs and Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 Network Wiring Connections . . . . . . . . . . . .
TABLE OF CONTENTS VLAN Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . QOS Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IGMP Snoop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 5-28 5-33 5-34 5-36 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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TABLES Table 1-1 Table 1-2 Table 4-1 Table 4-2 Table 4-3 Table 4-4 Table 4-5 Table 4-6 Table 5-1 Table 5-2 Table 5-3 Table A-1 Table B-1 Table B-2 Port Status LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 Power Status LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 Maximum 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length . . . . 4-6 Maximum 1000BASE-SX Fiber Optic Cable Length . . . . . . . 4-6 Maximum 1000BASE-LX Fiber Optic Cable Length . . . . . . .
FIGURES Figure 1-1 Figure 1-2 Figure 1-3 Figure 1-4 Figure 2-1 Figure 2-2 Figure 2-3 Figure 2-4 Figure 3-1 Figure 3-2 Figure 3-3 Figure 3-4 Figure 3-5 Figure 3-6 Figure 4-1 Figure 4-2 Figure 4-3 Figure 5-1 Figure 5-2 Figure 5-3 Figure 5-4 Figure 5-5 Figure 5-6 Figure 5-7 Figure 5-8 Figure 5-9 Figure 5-10 Figure 5-11 Figure 5-12 Figure 5-13 Figure 5-14 Figure 5-15 Figure 5-16 Figure 5-17 Figure 5-18 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Rear Panel . . . . .
FIGURES Figure 5-19 Figure 5-20 Figure 5-21 Figure 5-22 Figure 5-23 Figure 5-24 Figure 5-25 Figure 5-26 Figure 5-27 Figure B-1 Figure B-2 Figure B-3 Trunk Membership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27 Trunk Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28 VLAN Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31 802.1Q VLAN Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-32 802.1Q VLAN Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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CHAPTER 1 ABOUT GSW-2476 Overview LevelOne GSW-2476 is an intelligent Layer 2 switch with 24 10/100/ 1000BASE-T ports, four of which are combination ports* that are shared with four SFP transceiver slots (see Figure 1-1, Ports 21-24).
ABOUT GSW-2476 Switch Architecture The switch employs a wire-speed, non-blocking switching fabric. This permits simultaneous wire-speed transport of multiple packets at low latency on all ports. The switch also features full-duplex capability on all ports, which effectively doubles the bandwidth of each connection. The switch uses store-and-forward switching to ensure maximum data integrity.
DESCRIPTION OF HARDWARE Description of Hardware 10/100/1000BASE-T Ports The switch contains 24 RJ-45 ports that operate at 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps, half or full duplex, or at 1000 Mbps, full duplex. Because all ports on the switch support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, you can use straight-through cables for all network connections to PCs or servers, or to other switches or hubs. (See “1000BASE-T Pin Assignments” on page B-5.
ABOUT GSW-2476 4-Port SFP Web Smart Switch 1 3 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1000 Link/Act 1000 Link/Act Power 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Power Status LED Port Status LEDs Figure 1-3 Port LEDs and Power LED Table 1-1 Port Status LEDs LED Condition Status Fast Ethernet Ports (Ports 1-24) Link/Act (Link/Activity) 1000 Mbps On/Flashing Green Port has established a valid network connection. Flashing indicates activity. Off There is no valid link on the port.
FEATURES AND BENEFITS Power Supply Socket The power socket is located on the rear panel of the switch. The standard power socket is for the AC power cord. 100-240V 50-60Hz 0.8A Figure 1-4 Power Supply Socket Features and Benefits Connectivity • 24 10/100/1000 Mbps ports for easy Gigabit Ethernet integration and for protection of your investment in legacy LAN equipment.
ABOUT GSW-2476 Expandability • 4 Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver slots (shared with 1000BASE-T ports) • Supports 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX and 1000BASE-ZX SFP transceivers. Performance • Transparent bridging. • Provides store-and-forward switching • Supports Jumbo frames up to 9.6 Kbytes • Supports flow control • Broadcast storm control Management • “At-a-glance” LEDs for easy troubleshooting.
CHAPTER 2 NETWORK PLANNING Introduction to Switching A network switch allows simultaneous transmission of multiple packets via non-crossbar switching. This means that it can partition a network more efficiently than bridges or routers. Switches have, therefore, been recognized as one of the most important building blocks for today’s networking technology.
NETWORK PLANNING Application Examples GSW-2476 is not only designed to segment your network, but also to provide a wide range of options in setting up network connections. Some typical applications are described below. Collapsed Backbone GSW-2476 is an excellent choice for mixed Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet installations where significant growth is expected in the near future.
APPLICATION EXAMPLES Central Wiring Closet With 24 parallel bridging ports (i.e., 24 distinct collision domains), this switch can collapse a complex network down into a single efficient bridged node, increasing overall bandwidth and throughput. In the figure below, the 1000BASE-T RJ-45 ports on the switch are providing 1 Gbps full-duplex connections for up to 24 local segments. In addition, the switch is also connecting remote servers over fiber optic cable at 1 Gbps.
NETWORK PLANNING Remote Connections with Fiber Cable Fiber optic technology allows for longer cabling than any other media type. A 1000BASE-SX (MMF) link can connect to a site up to 550 meters away, a 1000BASE-LX (SMF) link up to 10 km, and a 1000BASE-ZX link up to 70 km. This allows a switch stack to serve as a collapsed backbone, providing direct connectivity for a widespread LAN.
APPLICATION EXAMPLES Making VLAN Connections The switch supports VLANs that can be used to organize any group of network nodes into separate broadcast domains. VLANs confine broadcast traffic to the originating group, and can eliminate broadcast storms in large networks. This provides a more secure and cleaner network environment. VLANs can be based on untagged port groups, or traffic can be explicitly tagged to identify the VLAN group to which it belongs.
NETWORK PLANNING Application Notes 1. Full-duplex operation only applies to point-to-point access (such as when a switch is attached to a workstation, server or another switch). When the switch is connected to a hub, both devices must operate in half-duplex mode. 2. For network applications that require routing between dissimilar network types, you can attach the switch directly to a multi-protocol router. 3.
CHAPTER 3 INSTALLING THE SWITCH Selecting a Site GSW-2476 can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack or on a flat surface. Be sure to follow the guidelines below when choosing a location. • The site should: - be at the center of all the devices you want to link and near a power outlet.
INSTALLING THE SWITCH Ethernet Cabling To ensure proper operation when installing the switches into a network, make sure that the current cables are suitable for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX or 1000BASE-T operation. Check the following criteria against the current installation of your network: • Cable type: Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or shielded twisted pair (STP) cables with RJ-45 connectors; Category 3 or better for 10BASE-T, Category 5 or better for 100BASE-TX, and Category 5, 5e or 6 for 1000BASE-T.
EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Equipment Checklist After unpacking GSW-2476 unit, check the contents to be sure you have received all the components. Then, before beginning the installation, be sure you have all other necessary installation equipment.
INSTALLING THE SWITCH • Temperature: Since the temperature within a rack assembly may be higher than the ambient room temperature, check that the rack-environment temperature is within the specified operating temperature range (see page C-2). • Mechanical Loading: Do not place any equipment on top of a rack-mounted unit. • Circuit Overloading: Be sure that the supply circuit to the rack assembly is not overloaded. • Grounding: Rack-mounted equipment should be properly grounded.
MOUNTING To rack-mount devices: 1. Attach the brackets to the device using the screws provided in the Bracket Mounting Kit. Sha red SFP Port 21 22 23 24 Figure 3-2 Attaching the Brackets 2. Mount the device in the rack, using four rack-mounting screws (not provided).
INSTALLING THE SWITCH 3. If installing a single switch only, turn to “Connecting to a Power Source” at the end of this chapter. 4. If installing multiple switches, mount them in the rack, one below the other, in any order. Desktop or Shelf Mounting 1. Attach the four adhesive feet to the bottom of the first switch.
INSTALLING AN SFP TRANSCEIVER Installing an SFP Transceiver 7 8 9 19 10 11 12 20 21 22 23 Sha red 24 SFP Port 21 22 23 24 Figure 3-5 Inserting an SFP Transceiver into a Slot The switch supports the following optional transceivers: • 1000BASE-SX (GVT-0300) • 1000BASE-LX (GVT-0301) • 1000BASE-ZX (GVT-0302) To install an SFP transceiver, do the following: 1. Consider network and cabling requirements to select an appropriate transceiver type. Refer to “Connectivity Rules” on page 4-6. 2.
INSTALLING THE SWITCH Connecting to a Power Source To connect a device to a power source: 1. Insert the power cable plug directly into the socket located at the back of the device. 100-240V 50-60Hz 0.8A Figure 3-6 Power Socket 2. Plug the other end of the cable into a grounded, 3-pin, AC power source. Note: For international use, you may need to change the AC line cord. You must use a line cord set that has been approved for the socket type in your country. 3.
CHAPTER 4 MAKING NETWORK CONNECTIONS Connecting Network Devices GSW-2476 is designed to interconnect multiple segments (or collision domains). It can be connected to network cards in PCs and servers, as well as to hubs, switches or routers. It may also be connected to devices using optional SFP transceivers. Twisted-Pair Devices Each device requires an unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable with RJ-45 connectors at both ends.
MAKING NETWORK CONNECTIONS Connecting to PCs, Servers, Hubs and Switches 1. Attach one end of a twisted-pair cable segment to the device’s RJ-45 connector. Figure 4-1 Making Twisted-Pair Connections 2. If the device is a PC card and the switch is in the wiring closet, attach the other end of the cable segment to a modular wall outlet that is connected to the wiring closet. (See “Network Wiring Connections” on page 4-3.) Otherwise, attach the other end to an available port on the switch.
TWISTED-PAIR DEVICES Network Wiring Connections Today, the punch-down block is an integral part of many of the newer equipment racks. It is actually part of the patch panel. Instructions for making connections in the wiring closet with this type of equipment follows. 1. Attach one end of a patch cable to an available port on the switch, and the other end to the patch panel. 2.
MAKING NETWORK CONNECTIONS Fiber Optic SFP Devices An optional Gigabit SFP transceiver (1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX or 1000BASE-ZX) can be used for a backbone connection between switches, or for connecting to a high-speed server. Each single-mode fiber port requires 9/125 micron single-mode fiber optic cable with an LC connector at both ends. Each multimode fiber optic port requires 50/125 or 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber optic cabling with an LC connector at both ends.
FIBER OPTIC SFP DEVICES 3. Connect one end of the cable to the LC port on the switch and the other end to the LC port on the other device. Since LC connectors are keyed, the cable can be attached in only one orientation. 8 9 9 10 11 12 20 21 22 23 Sha red S 24 FP P ort 2121 22 23 24 Figure 4-3 Making Connections to SFP Transceivers 4. As a connection is made, check the Link LED on the switch corresponding to the port to be sure that the connection is valid.
MAKING NETWORK CONNECTIONS Connectivity Rules When adding hubs (repeaters) to your network, please follow the connectivity rules listed in the manuals for these products. However, note that because switches break up the path for connected devices into separate collision domains, you should not include the switch or connected cabling in your calculations for cascade length involving other devices.
CONNECTIVITY RULES Table 4-3 Maximum 1000BASE-LX Fiber Optic Cable Length Fiber Diameter Fiber Bandwidth Cable Length Range Connector 9/125 micron single-mode fiber N/A 2 m - 10km (7 ft - 6.4 miles) LC Table 4-4 Maximum 1000BASE-ZX Fiber Optic Cable Length Fiber Diameter Fiber Bandwidth Cable Length Range Connector 9/125 micron single-mode fiber N/A 2 m - 70 km (7 ft - 43.
MAKING NETWORK CONNECTIONS Cable Labeling and Connection Records When planning a network installation, it is essential to label the opposing ends of cables and to record where each cable is connected. Doing so will enable you to easily locate inter-connected devices, isolate faults and change your topology without need for unnecessary time consumption. To best manage the physical implementations of your network, follow these guidelines: • Clearly label the opposing ends of each cable.
CHAPTER 5 CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Using the Web Interface This switch provides an embedded HTTP web agent. Using a web browser you can configure the switch and view statistics to monitor network activity. The web agent can be accessed by any computer on the network using a standard web browser (Internet Explorer 5.5 or above, or Mozilla Firefox 1.0 or above). Prior to accessing the switch from a web browser, be sure you have first performed the following tasks: 1.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Navigating the Web Browser Interface To access the web-browser interface you must first enter a password. The user has read/write access to all configuration parameters and statistics. The default password for the switch is “admin.” Note: If user input is not detected within five minutes, the current session is terminated. Home Page When your web browser connects with the switch’s web agent, the home page is displayed as shown below.
NAVIGATING THE WEB BROWSER INTERFACE Configuration Options Configurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop-down list. Once a configuration change has been made on a page, be sure to click on the Apply button to confirm the new setting. The following table summarizes the web page configuration buttons. Table 5-1 Web Page Configuration Buttons Button Action Apply Sets specified values to the system. Cancel Discards all changes and restores current values. Help Links directly to web help.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Main Menu Using the onboard web agent, you can define system parameters, manage and control the switch, and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The following table briefly describes the selections available from the web-browser interface. Table 5-2 Switch Main Menu Menu Description STATUS 5-6 Overview Provides a basic system description, including system name, IP address, port, trunk, and VLAN information.
NAVIGATING THE WEB BROWSER INTERFACE Table 5-2 Switch Main Menu (Continued) Menu Description PORTS Page 5-21 Settings Configure the speed and duplex mode of the port. 5-21 Storm Control Sets the broadcast storm control parameters. 5-23 Port Mirroring Sets up the port mirroring features of the switch to enable traffic monitoring. 5-24 Cable Diagnostic Diagnoses cable faults.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web Configuration Displaying Status Overview You can easily identify the system by displaying the device name, location and contact information. Field Attributes System Information • System Name – Name assigned to the switch system. • Number of Ports – Number of built-in ports. • Hardware Version – Hardware version of the main board. • Code Version – Version number of the code. • Serial Number – The serial number of the switch.
WEB CONFIGURATION • Speed/Duplex Status – Shows the current speed and duplex mode. • 10hdx: 10 Mbps half duplex. • 10fdx: 10 Mbps full duplex. • 100hdx: 100 Mbps half duplex. • 100fdx: 100 Mbps full duplex. • 1000fdx: 1000 Mbps full duplex. • Flow Control Status – Indicates whether flow control is enabled or disabled. (IEEE 802.3x, or Back-Pressure) • Autonegotiation – Shows if auto-negotiation is enabled or disabled. • Frame Type – Either “Tagged” or “All.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web – Click STATUS, Overview.
WEB CONFIGURATION Showing Port Statistics You can display statistics on network traffic from the ports. These statistics can be used to identify potential problems with the switch (such as a faulty port or unusually heavy loading). All values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot, but can be reset to zero by clicking the CLEAR button. The current statistics are not displayed until you click the REFRESH button.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Table 5-3 Port Statistics (Continued) Parameter Description Received Multicast Packets The number of packets, delivered by this sub-layer to a higher (sub-)layer, which were addressed to a multicast address at this sub-layer. Received Broadcast Packets The number of packets, delivered by this sub-layer to a higher (sub-)layer, which were addressed to a broadcast address at this sub-layer.
WEB CONFIGURATION Table 5-3 Port Statistics (Continued) Parameter Description Undersize Frames The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets long (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and were otherwise well formed. Fragments The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and had either an FCS or alignment error.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Table 5-3 Port Statistics (Continued) 5-12 Parameter Description 64 Bytes Frames The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).
WEB CONFIGURATION Web – Click STATUS, Statistics. Figure 5-4 Port Statistics Displaying System Name You can easily identify the system by displaying the device name. Field Attributes • Switch Name – Name assigned to the switch system.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web – Click System, Name. Figure 5-5 System Name Setting the Switch’s IP Address This section describes how to configure an IP interface for management access over the network. The IP address for this switch is 192.168.2.10 by default. To manually configure an address, you need to change the switch’s default settings (IP address 192.168.2.10 and netmask 255.255.255.0) to values that are compatible with your network.
WEB CONFIGURATION Manual Configuration Web – Click System, LAN Settings. Enter the IP address, subnet mask and gateway, then click APPLY. Note that if you change the switch IP address, you must close the web interface and start a new session using the new IP address. Figure 5-6 LAN Settings Configuring the Logon Password The administrator has write access for all parameters governing the onboard agent.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web – Click System, Password. To change the password for the administrator, enter current password, the new password, confirm it by entering it again, then click APPLY. Figure 5-7 Password Settings Tools On the Tools page, you can restore the switch to default settings, upgrade the firmware of the switch, or restart the switch. Reset to Factory Defaults Force the switch to restore the original factory settings.
WEB CONFIGURATION Web – Click System, Tools, Reset to Factory Defaults. Figure 5-8 Reset to Factory Defaults Upgrade Firmware To Upgrade the switch system firmware, select “Upgrade Firmware” from the Tools drop-down list then click on the “Browse” button to select the firmware file. Click the APPLY button to upgrade the selected switch firmware file. Web – Click System, Tools, Upgrade Firmware.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Upload/Download Configuration Web – Click SYSTEM, Tools, Upload/Download Configuration. To upload or download the configuration file, select "Upload/Download Configuration" from the Tools drop-down list, then click "Upload" or "Download", and then click on the "Browse" button to select the file. Figure 5-10 Restart Switch Set boot Image Web – Click SYSTEM, Tools, Set boot Image. To set the bootimage, click either “Image0“ or “Image1“to decide the active image, and then click APPlY.
WEB CONFIGURATION Restart Switch Web – Click SYSTEM, Tools, Restart Switch. To restart the switch, select from the Tools drop-down list, and then click APPLY. The reset will be complete when the user interface displays the login page. Figure 5-12 Restart Switch Static MAC Switches store the MAC addresses for all known devices in the attached network. This information is used to forward traffic directly between the inbound and outbound ports.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web – Click System, Static MAC. Enter the MAC address, VLAN ID, then click ADD button to add a new static MAC address. Figure 5-13 Static MAC Address Configuration Counter Config This page allows specific statistics to be selected for monitoring. It is possible to monitor up to five transmit counters and five receive counters, as well as 1 transmit byte counter and receive byte counter. Please also note the following restrictions.
WEB CONFIGURATION Web – Click System, Counter Config Figure 5-14 Counter Configuration Port Configuration You can use the Port Configuration page to manually fix the speed, duplex mode, and flow control. Field Attributes • Enable Jumbo Frames– Click to enable or disable Jumbo Frames. • Speed/Duplex – Allows you to manually set the port speed and duplex mode. • Flow Control – Allows flow control to be enabled or disabled. When the box is checked, flow control is enabled.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web – Click PORTS, Settings.
WEB CONFIGURATION Storm Control Broadcast storms may occur when a device on your network is malfunctioning, or if application programs are not well designed or properly configured. If there is too much broadcast traffic on your network, performance can be severely degraded or everything can come to complete halt. You can protect your network from broadcast storms by setting a threshold for broadcast traffic for each port. Any broadcast packets exceeding the specified threshold will then be dropped.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web – Click PORTS, Storm Control. This page enables you to set the broadcast storm control parameters for every port on the switch. Figure 5-16 Port Broadcast Control Port Mirroring You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time analysis. You can then attach a logic analyzer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner.
WEB CONFIGURATION switch, which means they will not reach the mirror port or their intended destination port. Input rate-limiting in conjunction with port flow-control should be used to ensure that the total ingress bandwidth never exceeds the egress bandwidth. Web – Click PORTS, Port Mirroring. Figure 5-17 Port Mirroring Cable Diagnostic You can perform cable diagnostics for all ports or selected ports to diagnose any cable faults (short, open etc..) and feedback a distance to the fault.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH • Cable Status – Shows the cable length, operating conditions and isolates a variety of common faults that can occur on Category 5 twisted pair cabling. Web – Click PORTS, Port Mirroring. Figure 5-18 Cable Diagnostics Trunks Membership This page allows you to create a maximum of eight trunks of up to eight ports each. The Membership Table has one row for each port and ten columns.
WEB CONFIGURATION • Trunk T1-T8 – These columns correspond to the eight trunks that are supported by the switch. To assign a port to a trunk, click on the radio button in the corresponding column, then click APPLY. Web – Click TRUNKS, Membership. To assign a port to a trunk, click the required trunk number, then click APPLY. Figure 5-19 Trunk Membership Trunk Configuration Field Attributes • Trunk – Indicates trunk identification.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH • Flow Control – Allows flow control to be enabled or disabled. When the box is checked, flow control is enabled. • Ports – Indicates which ports belong to the trunk. Web – Click TRUNKS, Settings. Figure 5-20 Trunk Configuration VLAN Settings This page allows you to create and delete VLANs (Virtual LANs) and to change the VLAN membership and behaviour of individual ports. VLANs are powerful, but can be difficult to set up properly.
WEB CONFIGURATION • The switch management interface is on VLAN 1 (this cannot be changed) • All ports have a Port VLAN ID (PVID) of 1 • All ports can send and receive both VLAN-tagged and untagged packets (that is, they are hybrid ports) In the default configuration, any port is able to send traffic to any other port and a PC connected to any port will be able to access the management interface. Broadcast traffic, for example, will be flooded to all ports on the switch.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH For QinQ operation, a customer port should be set to VLAN unaware and a provider port (trunk port) should be set to VLAN aware. • QinQ – A QinQ enabled port will accept packets up to 1526 bytes in length, which means double tag header frames can be accepted. QinQ should be enabled for provider ports but not for customer ports. Note: QinQ “customer” ports are those ports that are connected to normal VLAN aware switches in the customer’s network.
WEB CONFIGURATION Web – Click VLANS, VLAN Settings. Fill in the required settings for each interface, click Apply. Figure 5-21 VLAN Settings VLAN Memembership You can create up to 255 VLANs based on 802.1Q standard and delete VLANs (Virtual LANs) to change the VLAN membership and behaviour of individual ports. You can create new VLAN group on Add VLAN Group, and view every VLAN group ID on VLAN Group List.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web – Click VLANS, VLAN Membership. To add a new , type into the VLAN ID (1-4095) of the VLAN group you want the new group to be, then click Add to open up the 802.1Q VLAN Group window, on which you can configure VLAN membership. Figure 5-22 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Figure 5-23 802.
WEB CONFIGURATION QOS Settings QoS (Quality of Service) is a mechanism that is used to prioritize certain traffic as it is forward through the switch. Traffic can be classified as High or Normal priority and, when the switch is heavily loaded, it is the Normal priority packets that are dropped first. You can select how traffic is prioritized by using one of the three QoS modes, which are selected using the QoS Mode drop-down list. Note: Only one QoS mode can be active at one time.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH The Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) is a six-bit field that is contained within an IP (TCP or UDP) header. The six bits allow the DSCP field to take any value in the range 0 - 63 inclusive. When QoS Mode is set to DSCP, the DSCP Configuration table is displayed, which allows a priority (normal or high) to be set for each of the DSCP values. You can use the Prioritize Traffic drop-down list to quickly set the values in the DSCP Configuration table.
WEB CONFIGURATION specified addresses. If anyone tries to access a management interface on the switch from an invalid address, the switch will reject the connection. Note: Invalid frames will not be able to access management interface, but normal forwarding is not impacted. Web – Click Security, ACL.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH IGMP Snoop The switch can use Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) to filter multicast traffic. IGMP Snooping monitors IGMP service requests passing between multicast clients and servers, and dynamically configures the ports which need to recieve the mulitcast traffic. Note: For IGMPV3, the switch incudes basic support for reports only, Source Multicast is not supported.
WEB CONFIGURATION Web – Click IGMP Snoop, Settings. Figure 5-26 IGMP Snooping Configuration IGMP Status Show the IGMP Snooping statistics for the whole switch Field Attributes • • • • • • • • VLAN ID - VLAN ID number. Querier - Show whether Querying is enabled. Queries transmitted - Show the number of transmitted Query packets. Queries received - Show the number of received Query packets. v1 Reports - Show the number of received v1 Report packets.
CONFIGURING THE SWITCH Web – Click IGMP Snoop, Status.
APPENDIX A TROUBLESHOOTING Diagnosing Switch Indicators Table A-1 Troubleshooting Chart Symptom Action Power LED is Off • Check connections between the switch, the power cord, and the wall outlet. • Contact your dealer for assistance. • Contact LevelOne Technical Support. • Verify that the switch and attached device are powered on. • Be sure the cable is plugged into both the switch and corresponding device.
TROUBLESHOOTING Power and Cooling Problems If the power indicator does not turn on when the power cord is plugged in, you may have a problem with the power outlet, power cord, or internal power supply. However, if the unit powers off after running for a while, check for loose power connections, power losses or surges at the power outlet, and verify that the fans on the unit are unobstructed and running prior to shutdown.
RESET THE SWITCH Reset the Switch As situation requires, you might want to reset the switch and to restore to the default settings. To reset the switch: 1. Unplug the power cord from the power socket. 2. Unplug all cables from the ports. 3. Use an Ethernet cable to connect port 1 to port 2. 4. Plug the power cord back to the power socket 5. Wait at least 40 seconds before unplugging cables from port 1 and port 2.
TROUBLESHOOTING A-4
APPENDIX B CABLES Twisted-Pair Cable and Pin Assignments For 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX connections, a twisted-pair cable must have two pairs of wires. For 1000BASE-T connections the twisted-pair cable must have four pairs of wires. Each wire pair is identified by two different colors. For example, one wire might be green and the other, green with white stripes. Also, an RJ-45 connector must be attached to both ends of the cable.
CABLES 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Pin Assignments Use unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable for RJ-45 connections: 100-ohm Category 3 or better cable for 10 Mbps connections, or 100-ohm Category 5 or better cable for 100 Mbps connections. Also be sure that the length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).
TWISTED-PAIR CABLE AND PIN ASSIGNMENTS Straight-Through Wiring If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and only one of the ports has an internal crossover (MDI-X), the two pairs of wires must be straight-through. (When auto-negotiation is enabled for any RJ-45 port on the switch, you can use either straight-through or crossover cable to connect to any device type.) You must connect all four wire pairs as shown in the following diagram to support Gigabit Ethernet connections.
CABLES Crossover Wiring If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and either both ports are labeled with an “X” (indicating MDI-X) or neither port is labeled with an “X” (which indicates MDI), a crossover must be implemented in the wiring. (When auto-negotiation is enabled for any RJ-45 port on the switch, you can use either straight-through or crossover cable to connect to any device type.) You must connect all four wire pairs as shown in the following diagram to support Gigabit Ethernet connections.
TWISTED-PAIR CABLE AND PIN ASSIGNMENTS 1000BASE-T Pin Assignments All 1000BASE-T ports support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, so you can use straight-through cables for all network connections to PCs or servers, or to other switches or hubs. The table below shows the 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X port pinouts. These ports require that all four pairs of wires be connected. Note that for 1000BASE-T operation, all four pairs of wires are used for both transmit and receive.
CABLES Note that when testing your cable installation, be sure to include all patch cables between switches and end devices. Adjusting Existing Category 5 Cabling to Run 1000BASE-T If your existing Category 5 installation does not meet one of the test parameters for 1000BASE-T, there are basically three measures that can be applied to try and correct the problem: 1. Replace any Category 5 patch cables with high-performance Category 5e or Category 6 cables. 2.
APPENDIX C SPECIFICATIONS Physical Characteristics Ports 20 10/100/1000BASE-T, with auto-negotiation 4 10/100/1000BASE-T shared with 4 SFP transceiver slots.
SPECIFICATIONS Size 44.0 x 17.1 x 4.3 cm (17.0 x 6.7 x 1.7 in.) Temperature Operating: 0 to 40 °C (32 to 104 °F) Storage: -40 to 70 °C (-40 to 158 °F) Humidity Operating: 10% to 90% (non-condensing) AC Input 100 to 240 V, 50-60 Hz, 0.8 A Power Supply Internal, auto-ranging transformer: 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz Power Consumption 28 Watts Maximum Current 0.25 A @ 115 VAC 0.
STANDARDS Software Loading HTTP in-band Standards IEEE 802.3-2005 Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.1Q Virtual LAN IEEE 802.
SPECIFICATIONS C-4
GLOSSARY 10BASE-T IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of Category 3 or better UTP cable. 100BASE-TX IEEE 802.3u specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over two pairs of Category 5 or better UTP cable. 1000BASE-LX IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 50/125, 62.5/125 or 9/125 micron core fiber cable. 1000BASE-SX IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 50/125 or 62.5/125 micron core fiber cable. 1000BASE-T IEEE 802.
GLOSSARY Bandwidth The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies available for network signals. Also synonymous with wire speed, the actual speed of the data transmission along the cable. Collision A condition in which packets transmitted over the cable interfere with each other. Their interference makes both signals unintelligible. Collision Domain Single CSMA/CD LAN segment.
GLOSSARY Full Duplex Transmission method that allows two network devices to transmit and receive concurrently, effectively doubling the bandwidth of that link. Gigabit Ethernet A 1000 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet and the CSMA/CD access method. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. IEEE 802.3 Defines carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications. IEEE 802.
GLOSSARY Layer 2 Data Link layer in the ISO 7-Layer Data Communications Protocol. This is related directly to the hardware interface for network devices and passes on traffic based on MAC addresses. LED Light emitting diode used for monitoring a device or network condition. Link Segment Length of twisted-pair or fiber cable joining a pair of repeaters or a repeater and a PC. Local Area Network (LAN) A group of interconnected computers and support devices.
GLOSSARY Redundant Power Supply (RPS) A backup power supply unit that automatically takes over in case the primary power supply should fail. RJ-45 Connector A connector for twisted-pair wiring. Switched Ports Ports that are on separate collision domains or LAN segments. TIA Telecommunications Industry Association Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Protocol suite that includes TCP as the primary transport protocol, and IP as the network layer protocol. UTP Unshielded twisted-pair cable.
GLOSSARY Glossary-6
INDEX Numerics 10 Mbps connectivity rules 4-7 100 Mbps connectivity rules 4-7 1000 Mbps connectivity rules 4-6 1000BASE-LX fiber cable lengths 4-7 1000BASE-SX fiber cable lengths 4-6 1000BASE-T pin assignments B-5 ports 1-3 1000BASE-ZX fiber cable lengths 4-7 100BASE-TX cable lengths 4-7 ports 1-3 10BASE-T ports 1-3 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX pin assignments B-2 A adhesive feet, attaching 3-6 air flow requirements 3-1 applications collapsed backbone 2-2 remote connections 2-3 VLAN connections 2-3, 2-5 B brackets
INDEX installation connecting devices to the switch 4-2 desktop or shelf mounting 3-6 port connections 4-1 power requirements 3-1 problems A-2 rack mounting 3-3 site requirements 3-1 wiring closet connections 4-7 IP address setting 5-14 L laser safety 4-4 LC port connections 4-4 LED indicators Power 1-4 problems A-1 location requirements 3-1 P package contents 3-3 passwords administrator setting 5-15 pin assignments B-1 1000BASE-T B-5 100BASE-TX/10BASE-T B-2 port, statistics 5-9 ports, connecting to 4-1 p
INDEX switch architecture 1-2 switching, introduction to 2-1 T temperature within a rack 3-4 troubleshooting in-band access A-2 power and cooling problems A-2 switch indicators A-1 twisted-pair connections 4-1 U V VLANs tagging 2-5 W Web interface access requirements 5-1 configuration buttons 5-3 home page 5-2 menu list 5-4 panel display 5-3 user password 5-15 Index-3
INDEX Index-4
GSW-2476 E082006-JC-R01 150000022600H
