960L.
Important Safety Instructions Save these instructions for later use. Follow all instructions and warnings marked on the unit. Always use with the correct line voltage. Refer to the manufacturer's operating instructions for power requirements. Be advised that different operating voltages may require the use of a different line cord and/or attachment plug. Do no install the unit in an unventilated rack, or directly above heat producing equipment such as power amplifiers.
960L Owner’s Maunal Table Of Contents Table Of Contents Chapter 1 DESCRIPTION About the 960L Unpacking the 960L THE REAR PANEL I/O Clock Card Option Plates Analog Input Card Analog Output Card AES I/O Card Mains Power Switch.
Table Of Contents Lexicon Table Of Contents, continued Chapter 5 REVERBERATION AND REALITY SOUND IN SPACE: A SHORT HISTORY OF STEREO AND SURROUND ALGORITHMS Random Hall Surround Hall Chamber Plate & Surround Plate Ambience & Surround Ambience Ambient Chamber Reverse & Surround Reverse Inverse PARAMETERS USED IN THE 960L ALGORITHMS 5-1 5-5 5-6 5-6 5-7 5-7 5-7 5-7 5-8 5-8 5-8 5-9 Chapter 6 MIDI Nomenclature MIDI Channel Allocation Program Loading Bank and Program Mapping Card Configuration Continuous Cont
960L Owner’s Maunal Introduction Title of Section Introduction The Model 960L is a multi-channel reverb processor for audio professionals. It brings to surround all the virtues and facilities of the Model 480L— and then some. Like the 480L, it is a multiple-machine system — hardware and software expandable. The 960L’s DSP card can support up to four stereo reverbs or two multi-channel surround reverbs at 48 Hz, or two stereo reverbs at 96 kHz.
1 The Mainframe DESCRIPTION ............................................................1-1 About the 960L ....................................................1-1 Unpacking the 960L ..............................................1-1 THE REAR PANEL......................................................1-1 I/O Clock Card ......................................................1-2 Option Plates ........................................................1-2 Analog Input Card .........................................
960L Owner’s Maunal The Mainframe Description About the 960L Unpacking the 960L The 960L system consists of two components: a rackmounted Mainframe designed for remote mounting in machine rooms or elsewhere, and a dedicated controller, the LARC2. The 960L system is shipped in two cartons, one containing the 960L mainframe, the other containing the LARC 2 dedicated controller. After unpacking, save all packing materials in case you ever need to ship the unit.
The Mainframe Lexicon, Inc. The Rear Panel, continued I/O Clock Card MIDI Connectors (Five-pin DIN female) • MIDI In Accepts MIDI data from other MIDI-equipped devices. • MIDI Thru Retransmits, unchanged, MIDI data received at the MIDI In connector. • Midi Out Transmits MIDI data generated or modified by the 960L. TTL WordClock (BNC) • Input Loop Allows the 960L to be synchronized to other studio equipment. • Output. Allows studio equipment to be synchronized to the 960L.
60L Owner’s Maunal The Mainframe The Front Panel Floppy Drive Thumbscrews This is a 3.5", High Density, IBM Format compatible, floppy drive. This is primarily used for saving user Registers. To gain access into the front section of the chassis, unscrew both thumbscrews and lower the hinged panel. 960L DIGITAL EFFECTS SYSTEM Figure 1-2 — Front panel, closed. Standby Switch and Indicator This switches the 960L between on and standby; the indicator LED lights when the unit is on.
The Mainframe Lexicon, Inc. Behind the Front Panel DSP-Card Slots Top slot occupied, others reserved for future Lexicon cards. Important: Do not plug any cards into these slots except those made by Lexicon for the 960L. CPU Card NLX-type montherboard. Caution: The motherboard has a lithium battery. Lithium is a hazardous substance. The battery should be replaced only by qualified service personnel, and disposed of properly. Card slots for DSP cards.
960L Owner’s Maunal The Mainframe Installation Mounting The 960L mounts in stationary racks with four screws. Make sure the 960L Mainframe is securely screwed into the rack. For moving and in roadcases, be sure that support is provided for the rear of the chassis to avoid possible damage. Ventilation Provide adequate ventilation if the 960L is mounted in a closed rack with heat-producing equipment such as synthesizer modules, effects units, or power amplifiers.
960L Owner’s Maunal The Mainframe Installation, continued 2 High 3 Low 1 Ground 1 Ground 3 Low 2 High Following AES conventions, the odd-numbered channels are on the left channel of each AES stereo pair, the even-numbered channels on the right. The word length is 24 bits, at sample rates of 44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz. To use the digital inputs, the 960L can be synchronized to AES input 1-2 or to the TTL Wordclock input.
2 The LARC2 Remote THE LARC2 ................................................................2-1 About the LARC2 ..................................................2-1 Unpacking The LARC2 ..........................................2-1 LARC2 CONTROL SURFACE ....................................2-2 GETTING WHAT YOU WANT ......................................2-3 LARC2 CONNECTIONS..............................................2-3 Control Port ............................................................
960L Owner’s Maunal The LARC2 Remote The LARC2 Remote About the LARC2 Unpacking the LARC The 960L system is shipped in two cartons, one containing the 960L Mainframe, the other containing the LARC2 dedicated controller. After unpacking, save all packing materials in case you ever need to ship the unit. Thoroughly inspect the 960L system and packing materials for signs of damage. Report any shipment damage to the carrier at once.
960L Owner’s Manual The LARC2 Remote LARC2 Control Surface Signal present, -6dB and overload indicators Color LCD Display Soft buttons Navigation arrows Numeric keypad Joystick Mode keys Increment/ decrement buttons (+/- key) Mute Machine Joystick key Mute All Fine adjust key “Lexicon” key (compare) Touch-sensitive motorized faders Figure 2-2 — The LARC2 Control Surface 2-2
960L Owner’s Maunal The LARC2 Remote Getting What You Want LARC2 Connections In general, the LARC2’s faders and joystick are used to control audio parameters of your choice, while all other buttons select operations and parameters. That means you have several fast ways to operate the 960L. Host Port • Mode Buttons give you direct access to the most frequently used control actions. These buttons are: PROGRAM, REGISTER, BANK, STORE, EDIT, CONTROL, and MACHINE.
960L Owner’s Manual The LARC2 Remote Navigating Typical Display Screens The use and navigation of the display will be illustrated with the screen shown in Figure 2-4, from Algorithm Edit Mode. Bring up this screen by pressing the EDIT and then ALGORITHM buttons. Note that the parameters currently assigned to the faders, and their current settings, are shown on the Scribble Strip, just above the Soft Button Labels.
960L Owner’s Maunal The LARC2 Remote Navigating Typical Display Screens, Continued Shortcut: Any numbered item available in the current mode, visible or not, can be brought up by entering its number with the Numeric Keypad on the LARC2 control surface. Soft-Button Labels identify the currently available soft buttons. The currently active button is highlighted with a red outline. Buttons with grey backgrounds will cause a context change; those with yellow backgrounds cause an immediate action.
The LARC2 Remote Lexicon, Inc. Audio Indicators Fine Adjust A simple meter bridge above the display holds three LEDs per channel. The lowest LED indicates that a signal is present, defined as a level of –60 dBFS or more. When levels exceed –6 dBFS, the middle LED lights as a warning of reduced headroom. Above –0.5 dBFS, the top LED lights to indicate imminent overload. It is difficult to set parameters with large value ranges to precise values with the faders.
3 Basic Operation AN OVERVIEW OF THE CONTROLS ........................3-1 A QUICK GUIDE TO OPERATION ..............................3-2 (1) Setup (Control Mode) ......................................3-2 (2) Machine Selection ............................................3-5 (3) Program Loading ..............................................3-5 (4) Editing a Program or Register ..........................3-6 (5) Storing Your Edits ............................................
960L Owner’s Maunal Basic Operations Basic Operation An Overview of the Controls This chapter provides a quick description of how to operate the 960L. Chapter 4, Operations in Detail, provides a more complete description of all available functionality. Figure 3-1 is a general map to the LARC2’s control keys and the ways they take you through the 960L’s user interface.
Basic Operations Lexicon, Inc. A Quick Guide to Operation Basically, using the 960L involves only the following: 1) 2) 3) 4) Setting up the system for the job. Selecting a machine. Loading the Programs and Registers you want. Editing the Program or Register parameters with the faders and joystick. 5) Storing your edits for quick recall at any time. To make this overview as clear as possible, only one screen will be shown per operation.
960L Owner’s Maunal Basic Operations A Quick Guide to Operation, Continued Next, press the CONFIG soft button to select the input/output configuration. Depending on the sample rate and input/output configuration you select, the 960L can be configured as up to four virtual machines, each of which can be programmed individually. In the configuration screens, each machine is shown as a separate, numbered rectangle in the Main Operating Display.
Basic Operations Lexicon, Inc. A Quick Guide to Operation, Continued If you selected a clock rate of 88.2 or 96 kHz, you’ll get a screen like Fig. 3-4, which gives you a choice of two processing configurations: 1) Stereo in and out, using one or two machines 2) One machine, with 5 channels in and 5 channels out. 3) One machine, with 2 channels in and 5 channels out.
960L Owner’s Maunal Basic Operations A Quick Guide to Operation, Continued (2) Machine Selection In most configurations, the 960L gives you more than one processing machine to work with, each of which can be programmed individually. To select the machine you wish to program, use the following steps: • • • • • Hold down the MACHINE key on the LARC2’s control surface. Using the Numeric Keypad, press the number of the machine you want.
Basic Operations Lexicon, Inc. A Quick Guide to Operation, Continued (4) Editing a Program or Register Once a Program or Register is loaded, you can edit it to get exactly the effect you want. The simplest way to do this is by changing the settings of the parameters assigned to the faders and joystick on the V-Page, which is available in Program, Register and Bank modes. future use, press the STORE key. The STORE key will blink to remind you that the store operation is pending.
960L Owner’s Maunal Basic Operations A Quick Guide to Operation, Continued To enter Name or Information: • • Using the LARC2, use the Increment/Decrement (+/-) keys to scroll between character positions in the Name or Information display and the Navigation Arrows to select the desired character from the matrix below, then press the ENTER key to finalize your selection.
4 Operations in Detail LOADING PROGRAMS AND REGISTERS ..................................4-1 Loading Programs ..................................................................4-1 Loading Registers ..................................................................4-2 CONTROL MODE: CLOCKS, CONFIGURATION, AND SYSTEM SCREENS ............................................................4-3 Wordclock................................................................................
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Loading Programs and Registers With more than 200 factory Programs to choose from, plus up to 1,000 Registers of your own creation, you’ll probably spend most of your time with the 960L loading the effects you want. To simplify the selection of an appropriate effect, the 960L programs are organized as 24 Banks of up to ten related effects (see the Appendix for Program Descriptions).
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Loading Programs and Registers, continued Loading Registers Loading Registers is similar to loading Programs. Press the REGISTER Key instead of the PROGRAM Key. This will bring up a similar screen (Fig. 4-2) The only differences are the use of the word "Register" instead of "Program" and the addition of two soft buttons for labeling. Note also that the last two Registers are unnamed and greyed out on the display, indicating that they’re empty.
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Control Mode: Clocks, Configuration, and System Screens The LARC2’s CONTROL key provides access to the 960L’s wordclock, input/output configuration, and system information. Note that only three soft buttons operate in this mode. The faders and joystick remain assigned to whatever audio parameters are on the V-Page.
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Control Mode: Clocks, Configuration, and System Screens, continued Use the Right Navigation Arrow to get to the Rate display. For internal wordclock, you must select the exact rate, as shown in Fig. 4-3. For external wordclock via the BNC or AES inputs, you need only select 44.1/48 kHz or 88.2/96 kHz range. The 960L will then lock onto your source. Wordclock Lock Status: A small padlock icon in the System Status Display shows lock status.
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Control Mode: Clocks, Configuration, and System Screens, continued Stereo 44.1/48kHz Configurations (the DSP card is divided into 4 stereo machines).
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Control Mode: Clocks, Configuration, and System Screens, continued In 5-Channel configurations, all available machines are configured for surround or other multi-channel uses. For one configuration (Fig. 4-7), one machine is configured as 5-in/5-out, the other as 2-in/5-out, both sharing the same output channels. On the display, the output paths of the two machines are colored differently for easier visualization.
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Control Mode: Clocks, Configuration, and System Screens, continued In 2-in/5-out configurations the 960L generates surround soundfields from stereo sources. Again, all available machines are configured for surround or other multi-channel output. At 44.1/48 kHz sample rates (Figure 4-8) two machines are both sharing the same output channels. On the display, the output paths of the two machines are colored differently for easier visibility.
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Control Mode: Clocks, Configuration, and System Screens, continued Analog and Digital I/O The 960L may be set for either analog or digital input. In the Configuration examples shown above, the inputs are analog, as shown by the legend "AN1" above each input number. To select digital input, use the Navigation arrows to activate any Input Control, and press either the Increment (+) or Decrement (–) key. The input legends will change to "AES 1" (Figure 4-10).
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Editing The 960L’s Programs and Registers can be edited in several ways: • • • • Changing the settings of the parameters with the faders and joystick Adjusting input and output panning Adjusting input and output levels Assigning new parameters to any fader or to either joystick axis Edits stay in effect until a new Program or Register is loaded, or can be saved as Registers. You cannot overwrite factory Programs, but you can save edited Programs as Registers.
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Editing, Continued Editing with the Joystick Check the Joystick Status Display to see what parameters are currently assigned to the joystick and what their current settings are. Note whether the JOYSTICK Key on the LARC2 control surface is illuminated or not. If the key is illuminated, the joystick is locked to the current parameter, and moving it will change the current settings.
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Editing, Continued Editing Inputs and Outputs The LARC2’s joystick can be used to place any input or output signals anywhere in the soundfield. Input and output levels can also be set, using the faders. Input panning and level adjustments are not "Global"; they affect only the current Program or Register. Input Panning To edit inputs, press the EDIT key, then the INPUTS soft button, to bring up the screen shown in figure 4-16.
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Editing, Continued When you press the JOYSTICK key, the input position jumps to the joystick position, and the setting dot turns from red to green, highlighting the joystick cursor (as shown on the Joystick Map and on the smaller map of the selected input). The legend "Joystick Locked" appears in the Action Display. Moving the joystick pans the selected input.
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Editing, Continued Left Center Center Center-Right Pan Front Left-Center Pan Right Surround Front-Surround Pan In Input and Output Edit modes, moving any fader changes its associated signal level. The maximum level indication is 0.0 dBFS (digital full scale). You can move several faders at once.The channel assignments are grouped to facilitate this. With outputs set to “0dB,” a +4dBu analog input will produce a -20dBFS signal.
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Editing, Continued The V-Page and Parameter Reassignment • • • • • Press the EDIT key on the LARC2 control surface. Press the V-PAGE soft button. The screen (Figure 4-20) shows the assignments for each of the eight faders and the joystick’s X and Y-axes. Use the Navigation Arrows to highlight the Type or Parameter to change. (You can also select a fader or joystick axis with the Numeric Keypad, but you still have to navigate to the Type or Parameter.
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Editing, Continued • Pressing the J-STICK soft button pops up a numbered list of the two joystick axes and their assigned parameters (Figure 4-22). To assign your selected parameter to a joystick axis, type the axis number on the Numeric Keypad. Note: You must already have selected a parameter before you get to this screen.
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Storing and Labeling Your Edits When you’ve edited a Program or Register until it just meets your needs, you can store it as a Register and label it for future use. • • Storing • • • • Press the STORE key on the LARC2 Control Surface. If you've edited a Program, the 960L will select the next empty Bank (or the Register Bank you last stored to) and Register. If you’ve edited a Register, the 960L will offer to overwrite the original version.
960L Owner’s Maunal Operations in Detail Organizing Your Registers The 960L provides tools to help you organize the registers you make. To access the tools, press the REGISTER key and then the OPTION soft button. Two soft buttons are displayed, EDIT and FLOPPY.
Operations in Detail Lexicon, Inc. Edit Tools for Registers The CD-ROM Pressing the EDIT soft button accesses three tools: 1) Copy Bank -- When 1 is pressed on the Numeric Keypad, the contents of the currently selected Program or Register Bank are copied to an internal scratchpad. 2) Clear Register Bank – When 2 is pressed, the contents of the currently selected Register Bank are cleared. The Bank is made empty. For safety, the user is prompted before the clear is executed.
5 Using the Reverb Programs REVERBERATION AND REALITY ............................5-1 SOUND IN SPACE: A SHORT HISTORY OF STEREO AND SURROUND ..........................5-5 ALGORITHMS ............................................................5-6 Random Hall ........................................................5-6 Surround Hall ........................................................5-7 Chamber ..............................................................5-7 Plate & Surround Plate .....................
960L Owner’s Maunal Using The Reverb Program Using the Reverb Programs Music recorded in a typical studio sounds dull. In a performance space the music is enhanced by reverberation, but even in an ideal space capturing that reverberation can be chancy. Lexicon reverberators solve this problem by enabling you to generate exactly the reverberance that your recordings call for, even with multitrack originals made in imperfect spaces.
Using The Reverb Program Lexicon, Inc. Reverberation and Reality, Continued phrases. Reflections alter our sense of direction, distance, and hall shape in ways that depend on the duration and complexity of the notes, and on the properties of the spaces between notes. But human perception is more complex than just direction, distance, and room shape. We are reacting to the music on quite a different plane.
960L Owner’s Maunal Using The Reverb Program Reverberation and Reality, Continued send if we wish, and control the distance or depth of each sound source by controlling the amplitude of this source in the echo send. But distance is not the only perception we need. We need the envelopment that makes notes come alive. How can we produce envelopment with a 5.1 system? Once again the key is the way reflections affect horizontal localization.
Using The Reverb Program Lexicon, Inc. Reverberation and Reality, Continued length that is perceived, and the behavior of the reflections can be quite different when the sound event is short compared to when the sound event is long. Notes which are shorter than the time constant of the reverberation, ~RT/7, will excite the reverberation less strongly than longer notes. There is another peculiarity of background envelopment.
960L Owner’s Maunal Using The Reverb Program Sound in Space: A Short History of Stereo and Surround The earliest efforts to improve sound reproduction concentrated on broadening frequency response and reducing distortion and noise. But even by the late 1930s, it was obvious that eliminating those barriers to sonic realism weren’t enough. The spatial element was missing.
Using The Reverb Program Lexicon, Inc. Sound in Space: A Short History of Stereo and Surround, Continued affordable large-screen TVs, Dolby Pro Logic, which added logic steering to the basic matrix decoder, and Home THX cinema, which imposed common standards on home surround equipment. Pure audio recordings with matrix surround encoding began to appear, although when reproduced with Pro-Logic or THX matrix decoders these recordings could be disappointing.
960L Owner’s Maunal Using The Reverb Program Algorithms, Continued level; this simulates a very diffused reflection off the back wall of the hall, helping to create a sense of size and space. This reflection becomes stronger and stronger, reaching optimal loudness when Shape is at about 2/3 of its range. The highest Shape settings are typically used for effects.
Using The Reverb Program Lexicon, Inc. Algorithms, Continued Ambient Chamber Ambient Chamber is a hybrid of the stereo Ambience and Chamber algorithms. It applies front left, center, and right signals to the ambience algorithm and front LCR plus rear signals to the chamber algorithm. This can be used to change the apparent microphone distance of the front signals or to provide different acoustics for the front and rear (e.g.
960L Owner’s Maunal Using The Reverb Program Parameters Used in the 960L Algorithms Parameter Name Parameter Description AmbPreD Ambience PreDelay (Ambience only) controls the time of a predelay that precedes the early reflection (ambience) component of Stereo Ambience. In the same algorithm, RvbDly controls the predelay that precedes the reverberation component.
Using The Reverb Program Lexicon, Inc. Parameters Used in the 960L Algorithms, Continued dL>L, dR>R, dL>R, dR>L, dLF>LF, dLF>LS, dLF>RF, dLF>RS, dLS>LF, dLS>LS, dLS>RF, dLS>RS, dRF>LF, dRF>LS, dRF>RF, dRF>RS, dRS>LF, dRS>LS, dRS>RF, dRS>RS Early or Reflection Delays. In many real spaces, distinct reflections and echoes are an important part of the sound, so many of the 960L's reverbs have reflection delay and echo paths with appropriate controls.
960L Owner’s Maunal Using The Reverb Program Parameters Used in the 960L Algorithms, Continued FbckL, FbckR, FbckLF, FbckLS, FbckRF, FbckRS Echo Feedback. Some reflection delays have echo capabilities. These appear as part of the input path; echoes are passed to the reverberators as well as the reflection outputs. Also, echo signal is fed back through the input diffusors. This means that each echo will be more diffuse and spread than its predecessor.
Using The Reverb Program Lexicon, Inc. Parameters Used in the 960L Algorithms, Continued LvL>L, LvR>R, LvL>R, LvR>L, LvLF>LF, LvLF>LS, LvLF>RF, LvLF>RS, LvLS>LF, LvLS>LS, LvLS>RF, LvLS>RS, LvRF>LF, LvRF>LS, LvRF>RF, LvRF>RS, LvRS>LF, LvRS>LS, LvRS>RF, LvRS>RS Reflection Levels. In many real spaces, distinct reflections and echoes are an important part of the sound, so many of the 960L's reverbs have reflection delay and echo paths with appropriate controls. MidRT Midrange Reverberation Time.
960L Owner’s Maunal Using The Reverb Program Parameters Used in the 960L Algorithms, Continued RearRoll Rear Rolloff (Surround algorithms only). Like Rolloff in Stereo, this controls the cutoff frequency of a 6dB per octave low-pass filter at the output of all processing, but affects the rear (LS and RS) channels only. A separate parameter, FrRoll, controls the rolloff for the front (LF, C, and RF) channels. RearRvb Rear Reverb Level (Surround algorithms only.).
Using The Reverb Program Lexicon, Inc. Parameters Used in the 960L Algorithms, Continued Size Size is a scale factor that alters the length of most of the reverb’s delay elements. This control is calibrated in units that approximate the longest dimension of the reverberant "space" in meters. In practice, perception of room size is also strongly determined by Shape. Size strongly affects the overall timbre of the reverberation. Values less than 25 have a noticeable "small room" coloration.
6 MIDI MIDI ..........................................................................6-1 Nomenclature........................................................6-1 MIDI Channel Allocation ......................................6-1 Program Loading ..................................................6-2 Bank and Program Mapping ................................6-2 Card Configuration................................................6-2 Continuous Controllers ........................................6-2 MIDI SYSEX ...
960L Owner’s Maunal MIDI MIDI The MIDI implementation for the Rev 1 960L is very basic. Since the implementation is fixed, there is no user interface for modifying it. MIDI controller's lowest channel number is 1 (rather than 0), you should add one to the values found in channel table below. Nomenclature MIDI Channel Allocation Numbering in MIDI, i.e. channel number, program numbers, etc., can be confusing, since some sources start counting from zero and others start from one.
MIDI Lexicon, Inc. MIDI, Continued Program Loading Because of the large number of potential Programs in the 960L, Program Change messages are used along with the Bank Select extension to provide MIDI Program selection. Controllers 0 and 32 are sent to the system, followed by a Program Change message to select a program. In this method, Controller 0 provides the most-significant 7 bits of the Bank and Controller 32 provides the least-significant 7 bits.
960L Owner’s Maunal MIDI MIDI Sysex The only Sysex message supported by the 960L is the "Inquiry Message". The 960L will respond with the standard descriptor, as defined in the "MIDI 1.0 Detailed Specification", published by The MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA) Incoming Inquiry: MIDI Byte Description F0 Sysex header 7E Non-realtime header XX Device ID. The 960L will always respond to its own ID (0) or to 7F.
MIDI Lexicon, Inc. MIDI Implementation Chart Lexicon 960L Function Basic Channel Date: 20 April, 2000 Version 1.
Specifications
Lexicon Specifications Specifications 960L Mainframe Analog Input Connectors Impedance Level (for 0 dbFS) Freq Response @48K Freq Response @96K A/D Conversion A/D Dyn Range THD CMRR Crosstalk @ 1Khz Group Delays (milliseconds) Eight, Female XLR 50Kohm, balanced +24dBu 20Hz-20KHz, ±1db 20Hz-40KHz, ±1db 24 bits 128x oversampled >110 dB (20-20kHz) <.002% >50db < -100dB 44.1 kHz 48 kHz 88.2 kHz 96 kHz A/D 1.44 1.33 0.81 .0.74 A/A 2.42 2.23 1.80 1.66 D/A 1.59 1.42 1.35 1.25 D/D 0.54 0.
Specifications 960L Owner’s Maunal Specifications, continued Reverb Card Configurations 48K Stereo Machines 2in x 5out Machines 5in x 5out Machines 96K Stereo Machines 2in x 5out Machines 5in x 5out Machines Four Two Two Weight Two One One Internal Hard Disk Storage Factory Programs User Registers 240 1000 Removable 3.
Lexicon Specifications LARC2 User Interface Display Type Resolution Colors Backlight Contrast Brightness LED Meter Bridge Configuration Levels Operating Distance With power from 960L With Ext. Power Passive Matrix LCD 640x240 256 Fluorescent HW controlled (rear panel) SW controlled 8 channels x 3 levels -60dBFS (Signal) -6dBFS -0.5dBFS (Overload) Control Surface Faders 8 60mm throw, motorized, touch sensitive Joystick Two axis Dedicated Function Keys 29 (12 backlit) Soft Buttons 8 Connectors 960L Aux.
Appendix
Appendix Lexicon Appendix: Program Descriptions Surround Banks Surround Program Names 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1*Halls 1 Large Hall Medium Hall Small Hall Med Large Hall Key Hall Acoustic Fill Long, Brite Space Jazz Hall Large Church Small Church 2*Halls 2 Large Choir Hall Med Choir Hall Med Vox Hall Echo Hall Big Reflex Small Brite Hall Short & Deep Taj Mahal Deep6 Beefy Hall Bottom Heavy 3Lg Stage + Med Stage Sm Stage + Brite Stage Hall + Hall Hall + Hall *Stage + Hall Small
Appendix Lexicon Appendix, continued Stereo Banks Stereo Program Names 1 2 3 1Halls 1 Large Hall Medium Hall Small Hall 2Halls 2 Large Choir Hall Med Choir Hall Med Vox Hall 3Stage + Hall 4Chambers 5Stage + Chamber 6Rooms 4 Echo Hall 5 7 8 9 0 Acoustic Fill Auto Park Jazz Hall Large Church Small Church LG Dark Chamber LG Vocal Chamber Huge Chamber Slap Chamber Large Brite Small Brite Hall Hall Lg Stage + Med Stage Sm Stage + Hall + Hall Hall Medium Chamber Snare Chamber Min
960L Owner’s Maunal Appendix Appendix, continued Surround Bank 1: *Halls 1 *Surround-Halls Number Name Algorithm Description B1 P1 Large Hall Surround Hall A large sized random hall with the musicians placed in the middle and a relatively long MidRT. B1 P2 Medium Hall Surround Hall A little smaller than Large Hall. Use for real acoustic instruments to add a gentle soft space. B1 P3 Small Hall Surround Hall Obviously small, with some added reflections in the front and rear channels.
Appendix Lexicon Appendix, continued Surround Bank 3: *Stage+Hall Number Name Algorithm *Surround-Halls+Ambience Description B3 P1 Lg Stage + Hall Surround Ambience A stage in the front and hall around you. This one is about a 33 meter stage and a 38 meter hall. B3 P2 Med Stage + Hall Surround Ambience A stage in the front and hall around you. This one is about a 14 meter stage and a 25 meter hall.
960L Owner’s Maunal Appendix Appendix, continued Surround Bank 5: *Stage + Chamber Number Name Algorithm *Surround - Chamber + Ambience Description B5 P1 Large + Chamber Ambient Chamber A Large recital hall with a stage. B5 P2 Med + Chamber Ambient Chamber Medium-sized Ambience up front with about a 1.75 second MidRT setting, make this like a 40-80 seat recital hall.
Appendix Lexicon Appendix, continued Surround Bank 7: *Plates 1 Number Name Algorithm *Surround - Plates Description B7 P1 Large Plate Surround Plate A standard large plate. Plenty of sizzle. This program is great on pop vocals and guitars. B7 P2 B7 P3 Medium Plate Small Plate Surround Plate Surround Plate Larger version of Small Plate. Useful on most sources. Very small and short. Useful on just about any source.
960L Owner’s Maunal Appendix Appendix, continued Surround Bank 9: *Ambience Number Name Algorithm *Surround - Halls + Ambience Description B9 P1 Very Large Amb Surround Ambience Resembles a very large ambient space that has more "clutter" than a concert hall or performance space. Lowering the Rvb levels reduces the clutter. B9 P2 Large Ambience Surround Ambience Similar to Very Large Ambience, but less spacious. Provides the ambience of a large symmetrical room.
Appendix Lexicon Appendix, continued Surround Bank 11: *Post 1 Number Name Algorithm *Surround - Stylized Spaces for Post-Production Environments Description B11 P1 Large Closet Surround Chamber Big walk-in. Use Rolloff, RtHicut, and MidRT to fill it up or empty it out. B11 P2 Medium Closet Surround Chamber Medium-sized closet. Use Rolloff, RtHicut, and MidRT to fill it up or empty it out. B11 P3 Small Closet Surround Chamber Small closet.
960L Owner’s Maunal Appendix Appendix, continued Stereo Bank 1: Halls 1 Number Name Algorithm B1 P1 Large Hall Random Hall Provides the sense of space and ambience of a Large concert hall with the source placed in the center of the hall, away from nearby walls. B1 P2 Medium Hall Random Hall Medium Hall is very similar to Large Hall, but smaller. B1 P3 Small Hall Random Hall Small Hall is a smaller version of Medium Hall.
Appendix Lexicon Appendix, continued Stereo Bank 4: Chambers Number Name Algorithm Stereo - Chambers Description B4 P1 Medium Chamber Chamber A medium-sized empty chamber with reflective walls and about one second MidRT. B4 P2 Snare Chamber Chamber Smaller in size than Medium Chamber and about 1/2 second MidRT. As the name suggests, useful for snare drums. B4 P3 Mini Chamber Chamber Similar to Snare Chamber, but even smaller.
960L Owner’s Maunal Appendix Appendix, continued Stereo Bank 6: Rooms Number Name Algorithm Stereo Rooms Description B6 P1 Large Room Random Hall Large Room resembles a good-sized lecture room. It is smaller than Music Club, and more colored, with comb filtering and slap echoes. B6 P2 Medium Room Random Hall Medium Room is a smaller version of Large Room. B6 P3 Small Room Random Hall Small Room is much smaller and less reverberant than the Large and Medium Rooms.
Appendix Lexicon Appendix, continued Stereo Bank 8: Plates 2 Number Name Algorithm Stereo - Plates Description B8 P1 A Plate Plate Basic plate Program with a clear sound. Useful for everything from vocals to percussion. B8 P2 Snare Plate Plate A rapid buildup of high frequencies make this program a favorite on snare drums. B8 P3 Thin Plate Plate Another variation on the plate theme, this Program keeps out unwanted low frequencies.
960L Owner’s Maunal Appendix Appendix, continued Stereo Bank 10: Wild Spaces Number Name Algorithm Stereo - Unnatural and Effect Spaces Description B10 P1 Brick Wall Ambience Brick Wall, as in running into, rather than sounding similar to. This program can best be described as a subtle gated inverse room, but it's really much more. Unlike most gated reverb effect, this one's usefulness extends well beyond drum sounds. Try this on a wide variety of material.
Appendix Lexicon Appendix, continued Stereo Bank 12: Post 2 Number Name Algorithm Stereo - Stylized Spaces for Post-Production Environment Description B12 P1 Car Interior Ambience It's a 4-door. Raise the value of Shape to make it a station wagon or SUV. Raise the Ambience level to close the windows. B12 P2 Empty B12 P3 Empty B12 P4 Kitchen Chamber Can you find your disposal sound effect? B12 P5 Kellar’s Cell Chamber No. It's not the padded cell. Small, deep, and the surfaces are hard.
