Professional Audio Equipment
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS WARNING FOR YOUR PROTECTION READ THE FOLLOWING: KEEP THESE INSTRUCTIONS HEED ALL WARNINGS FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS the apparatus shall not be exposed to dripping or splashing liquid and no object filled withi liquid, such as vases, shall be placed on the apparatus. CLEAN ONLY WITH A DRY CLOTH. DO NOT BLOCK ANY OF THE VENTILATION OPENINGS. INSTALL IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTIONS.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Manufacturer’s Name: Lexicon® Manufacturer’s Address: 8760 S. Sandy Parkway Sandy, Utah 84070, USA declares that the product: Product name: Lexicon PCM 92 Product option: None Note: Product name may be suffixed by the letters-EU. conforms to the following Product Specifications: Safety: IEC 60065 (7th ed.
Warranty This warranty is valid only for the original purchaser and only in the United States. If outside the United States please contact the local Lexicon® distributor. 1. The warranty registration card that accompanies this product must be mailed within 30 days after purchase date to validate this warranty. Proofof-purchase is considered to be the burden of the consumer. 2. Lexicon Professional warrants this product, when bought and used solely within the U.S.
Introduction.................................................................... 1 The Front Panel ............................................................... 3 The Rear Panel ................................................................. 5 USing the PCM92 .............................................................. 7 Powering Up the PCM92............................................... 7 The Preset Screen...........................................................
How to Assign a Base Channel to the PCM92............... 25 Channel Map (How Channels Map to Machines).......... 25 Bank Dump................................................................... 25 Reverse Bank Dump (Bank “Load”)............................... 25 Continuous Controllers.................................................. 26 Soft Row Parameter/MIDI CC Map.............................. 26 Bank/Preset Map............................................................ 26 MIDI SysEx Implementation......
Introduction Congratulations and thank you for purchasing the PCM92 Reverb/Multi Effects Processor! Building on the legendary design of the venerable PCM81 and PCM91, and the breakthrough technology of the PCM96, Lexicon brings you the highly-anticipated PCM92 Stereo Reverb/Effects Processor. An artful blend of heritage and innovation, this powerhouse processor delivers 28 new and legendary Lexicon reverbs, delays and modulation effects.
The Front Panel 1 2 8 3 4 9 5 6 7 10 11 1. Gain LEDs Each pair of Gain LEDs indicate input signal strength of each of the PCM92’s inputs. If the Audio Source is set to Analog (in the Audio Setup menu), they show analog levels. If Audio Source is set to Digital, they show digital levels. Range is from -18dB, -12dB, -6dB, -3dB, and 0dB. 2. MACHINE Button The PCM92 can be configured as a single system or as 1-4 “machines”, each of which can run its own preset.
9. BACK Pressing this button moves you up one level in the menu tree. Note that when a System preset is loaded, this button takes you to the System Mode Category Selection menu. When a Machine preset is loaded, the Back button takes you to the Machine Mode Category Selection menu. 10. LOAD Press this button to load the selected preset. You can also press the Select knob to load a preset. 11. COMPARE This button is used to compare an edited preset against its unedited self.
The Rear Panel 1 2 3 6 4 5 7 1. Power Jack Standard 3-pin IEC power connector. 100-240V, 50-60Hz automatic switching to correct voltage range. 2. Ethernet Input This RJ-45 connection is used to network PCM92 devices and control them via Ethernet. 3. MIDI IN Receives MIDI information from other MIDI equipment such as master keyboard controllers, MIDI foot controllers, sequencers and synthesizers. MIDI THRU Passes any MIDI data received without change. MIDI OUT Transmits MIDI data to other equipment.
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Using the PCM92 Powering Up the PCM92 1. Plug in the power cord. 2. Press the Power button. 3. The Lexicon® logo appears, and remains until the boot process is complete. Next, the Preset screen appears, showing the currently loaded preset. The Preset Screen The Preset screen is the starting point for many of the instructions in this manual, so it’s a good idea to know how to get to the Preset screen. In most cases, pressing the Back button one or more times will take you back to the Preset screen.
Selecting Your Audio Source and Clock Source 1. Press the Machine button until the words “System View” appear in the Display. 1:ConcertHall->Flange 1:Single Stereo Config 96 48 (System View) 2. Press the Select knob. The System Menu appears. System Menu Version 1.0 +Audio Setup +System Control +MIDI Control 48 3. With Audio Setup highlighted, press the Select knob. The Audio Setup menu appears. |:Audio Setup Audio Source: ANALOG Clock Source: INTERNAL Clock Rate: 48KHz (Lock) 48 A B C 4.
System Presets and Machine Presets also have a User category, where you can access user-edited presets. Presets in the User category are stored on the PCM92. To select a different category 1. From the Preset screen, press the Back button. The Category Selection screen appears.
Note that pressing the Back button or the Select knob have different results depending on what kind of preset is loaded. The following diagram shows what happens when you press the Select knob, Back button, and Machine button in both System View and Machine View.
When a Machine Preset is loaded, the selected machine is highlighted in the Configuration icon, and three of the loaded preset’s parameters appear at the bottom of the Display. 0:Med Hall 1:PreDelay 2:MidRT 2:ReverbTime 3:RvbOutFreq 48 :14ms :1.59s :4750.0Hz Configuration Icon (Machine Preset) Press the Machine button repeatedly to cycle through the virtual machines in a System Preset, and eventually back to the System Preset.
Storing a Preset Once you’ve edited a preset, you can store it on the PCM92. 1. From the Preset screen, press the Store button. The Save As screen appears. Select Knob -> Change Position ʻAʼ Knob -> Change Letter Save As: Single Stereo Config 2. Turn the Select knob to select a letter to change. 3. Turn Knob A to change the selected letter. Press Knob A to toggle between uppercase, lowercase, special characters and numbers. Press Knob B to clear the selected character space. 4.
7. Turn the Select knob to choose a Machine Preset and press the Select knob to load it. 8. Press the Machine Button to choose the next Machine Preset (if there is one) and repeat steps 5 through 7. 9. Repeat step 8 for each virtual machine in your System Preset. 10. Press the Machine Button until your System Preset is selected. 11. Press the Store button and follow the Storing a Preset procedure described on page 12.
DSP Configurations The PCM92 processor can be divided in up to four virtual machines, each of which can run its own algorithm. This lets you route signals from each input through a variety of algorithm combinations. The PCM92 can use up to two physical inputs and two physical outputs at a time; configurations for the physical inputs and outputs are described below. Single Mono In Stereo Out A mono signal is split into a stereo signal.
Networking This section provides a step-by-step guide on how to properly connect the PCM92 to a Local Area Network (LAN) for several different network architectures. The first topology is a simple direct connection using the provided Ethernet cable. The second method describes how to connect and configure several PCM92 units to create an isolated network using an Ethernet switch with static or with DHCP.
Subnet A small network within a larger network. For example, a TCP/IP network might be a subnet of a venue’s network, which could include computers throughout the building, or a network might be divided into subnets. For example, in a large installation, there may be one subnet per rack or room. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) This is a protocol for automatically assigning IP addresses to devices on a network.
(such as the Internet). Instead of using a dedicated, real-world connection such as a leased line, a VPN uses virtual connections through the public network. The advantage to a VPN is that your computer can be virtually connected to a local network even though it is physically anywhere in the world where you have an internet connection. This can also be done in a safe manner not compromising your local network’s security.
If you fail to see a link light try removing and reinserting the cable or trying a different, known good, cable. Also, make sure that you are using the correct cable. Ping There is a simple utility built into OS-X that tests the network connection between two devices. The following steps outline how to use this utility. 1. In the Applications folder, double click the Terminal icon. 2. At the prompt enter ping -c 4 and press Enter.
Clock Rate Select your clock rate here, when the wordclock source is set to INTERNAL. Choose from 44.1HKz, 48KHz, 88.2KHz, or 96KHz. Analog Setup The Analog Setup sub-menu lets you adjust the following parameters: Analog Input Level - Increases or decreases the incoming analog signal before it reaches the processor(s). Set to +4dBU or –10dBU. Analog Output Level - Increases or decreases the outgoing analog signal after it leaves the processor(s). Set to +4dBU or –10dBU.
Machine Config The Machine Config menu lets you configure the PCM92 processor as one, two, three, or four virtual machines in a new preset. Note that once you’ve selected a configuration, you must then populate each virtual machine with a Machine Preset (see page 11 for more information). Choices include: Single Mono In Stereo Out Single Stereo Dual Mono Cascade Stereo Cascade Mono Cascade Mono to Stereo Combined Stereo Mono In For more detailed descriptions of each configuration, see page 14.
Tempo Source Select INTERNAL to determine the tempo using parameters within the PCM92, or MIDI to set the tempo using MIDI beat clock. Refer to your DAW’s manual to learn how to transmit this value. Network Config Here you can set the PCM92 Subnet Mask, IP Address, Gateway, and DHCP information. Turn the Select knob to select a three-digit number (of the DHCP value) and turn Knob A to change the number (or the DHCP value). See the Networking section on page 15 for more details.
Input Level Controls the amount of signal admitted into the process from the input. Ranges from 0.0dB INV to –90.0dB INV or OFF INV, and from –90.0dB or OFF to 0.0dB. Output Level Controls the amount of post-mix signal emitted onto the output. Ranges from –90.0dB or OFF to 0.0dB. Various parameters The sub-menus that appear below the I/O Settings sub-menu depend on the active algorithm. Refer to the Parameters section on page 33 for more information.
4. Name the preset chain. Turn the Select knob to select a letter to change. 5. Turn Knob A to change the selected letter. Press Knob A to toggle between uppercase, lowercase, special characters and numbers. Press Knob B to clear the selected character space. Press Knob C to insert a space. 6. Press the Select knob to save the preset chain with its new name. To add presets to a preset chain: 1. In the Preset Chain Configuration menu, highlight a preset chain and press the Select knob. 2.
Using MIDI The MIDI Control menu is where all MIDI related control is changed. See page 26 for information about the MIDI Control menu. MIDI in the PCM Device series can be se tup in two basic configurations.
Preset Loading Because of the large number of potential presets in the PCM92, Preset Change messages are used along with the Bank Select extension to provide MIDI preset selection. Controller 32 is used to select the current preset bank. Controller 32 is sent to the system (to select the desired bank), fol¬lowed by a Preset Change message to select a preset. The Bank values are “sticky,” meaning the PCM92 will remember the Bank values for each MIDI channel.
Continuous Controllers All PCM92 soft row parameters can be controlled with single, 7-bit controllers. Each parameter is controlled with the full controller range, regardless of the parameter range. For example, if the controller is at the midpoint of its range (64), the parameter will also be at the midpoint of its range no matter what the actual number. Continuous Controllers range from 0 to 127.
MIDI SysEx Implementation Command 0: Request Preset Dump When this command is received by the PCM92, it will respond with a preset dump of the requested preset. If the preset does not exist, the PCM92 will not respond. Only presets from User banks may be requested. Factory banks will not be transmitted.
Command 2: Request Preset Bank Dump When this command is received by the PCM92, it will respond with a series of preset dumps for all presets in the bank. Blank presets will be transmitted in a special form. Only presets from User banks may be requested. Factory banks will not be transmitted.
The Algorithms Chamber (Stereo and Mono) Chamber is a complex miniature-space effect resembling an echo chamber at its smaller settings and, at its larger ones, a small performance space with a more rapid build-up of reflection density than a hall. Reverberant tails are randomized. Random Delay (Stereo and Mono) Random Delays provide no-holds-barred control over delays. These algorithms feature one delay line per input channel. Each delay line has two outputs, called “voices.
Random Delays are similar to Simple Delays, but are especially useful for: • Multitap Tape Loops Feedback can be used to recirculate delays. Appropriate use of highpass and lowpass filters emulates the bandpass effects of multi-generational tape loops (hiss not included). Feedback diffusion allows emulation of azimuth misalignment – a hallmark of the sound.
Random Hall (Stereo and Mono) Random Hall is a hall effect with gradual build-up, well suited to complex sounds like orchestral music. Its reverberators change over time in controlled random ways to avoid the buildup of tinny, grainy, metallic, or other colorations. The modulation can be noticeable and is often a desirable effect. The early reflections are user adjustable in amplitude and delay. Some skill is needed to set useful reflection patterns.
Resonant Chords (Stereo and Mono) The Resonant Chord algorithm uses impulsive energy at the inputs to excite six resonant voices (notes). The level, pitch, duration, and high-frequency cutoff of the overtones for each voice are separately controllable. Each voice can be panned independently. The voices resonate to some degree with any input, but the most effective excitation contains all frequencies, like percussion.
round-robin. For example, if MIDI note numbers are used to assign pitch, the resonators will constantly be re-tuned to the pitches of the last six MIDI notes received. (This can produce an effect similar to playing a piano with the sustain pedal depressed.) In Res2>Plate, pitches are assigned to the six resonators diatonically, harmonized with the key, scale, and root of your choice.
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The parameters The PCM92 contains hundreds of presets, covering just about every possible need. But you can refine and customize any preset by adjusting its parameters. Parameters are the building blocks within each preset that determine how it sounds and behaves. Each algorithm contains a set of parameters, and a variety of those parameters (sometimes from more than one algorithm) are combined to create a preset.
Category (Room) This parameter lets you select a specific category from which a room response may be chosen. Changes here have a direct effect on the Pattern Selector parameter. Chorus Depth (Concert Hall) This parameter controls the amount of randomization of the chorus tap. Higher values are generally preferred in order to minimize reverb coloration. Pitch effects may result and are closely tied to the Reverb Chorus Rate parameter.
The actual feedback level is modified by the Master Echo Feedback parameter, if present. The master value is a percentage (0-100%) that is applied to the Echo Feedback level. Feedback Diffusion Feedback Diffusion is similar to Input Diffusion, except that it is applied to a delayed signal that is being added back into the input. Feedback Level This parameter determines the feedback level for a particular voice. It is controlled independently of the voice’s output level.
Master Reflection Delay (Reflection Time Master) Controls all reflection delays in the algorithm. Each reflection delay voice has its nominal delay time adjusted by this percentage. MidRT MidRT is the mid frequency reverb time. As such, it is one of the primary controls affecting the length of the reverb tail. At low values, it models a space with absorbent walls—a signal won’t bounce many times before it dissipates. At high values, the walls are flat and extremely reflective.
Resonance Master Controls all voices in the algorithm. Each voice has its nominal resonance adjusted by this percentage. Resonance Tuning Master Affects all voices in the algorithm. Each voice has its nominal resonance adjusted by this value. In the musical world, the tuning reference is A=440. This means that the note A (above middle C) is equivalent to 440 Hz. Changing the master tuning causes all notes to be sharp or flat.
to bounce around. When the room size is small, the “walls” of this space are closer together and the resultant reflection density increases. When the room size is large, that density decreases. The most natural reverbs use room sizes that vary from about 24 meters to 45 meters or so, but there are many useful reverbs that are outside of this range. There is a relationship between this parameter and the MidRT parameter. Please see the MidRT parameter for clarification.
Signal Type Selects the type of signal to be created by the signal generator. The types of signal are: • • • • • • • • Sine Wave — When this is selected the signal frequency parameter is used to control frequency. Sweep Up — 20Hz to 20KHz sweep. When this is selected the signal rate parameter is used to control rate. Sweep Down — 20Khz to 20Hz sweep. When this is selected the signal rate parameter is used to control rate. Pink Click — Broadband impulse.
Type This parameter lets you configure a filter as any of 4 basic types, in order: • • • • Lowpass Highpass Bandpass Notch (Band-reject) The filter provides a subset of filter types available to a Biquad filter. Wet Dry Mix Wet Dry Mix is the proportion of wet (processed) signal to dry (unprocessed) signal.
PCM92 Menu Navigation Map - System View and Machine View 43
PCM92 Menu Navigation Map - Stereo Hall Algorithms 44
PCM92 Menu Navigation Map - Stereo chamber and room Algorithms 45
PCM92 Menu Navigation Map - Stereo Delay Algorithms 46
PCM92 Menu Navigation Map - Stereo Effects Algorithms 47
PCM92 Menu Navigation Map - Mono Hall Algorithms 48
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PCM92 Specifications Analog Inputs Connectors Impedance Level (for 0 dbFS) Freq Response @96K A/D Conversion A/D Dyn Range THD Crosstalk @ 1Khz Two, Female XLR 20K Ohm, balanced +4dBu mode: +20dBu –10dBV mode: 8.2dBu 20Hz to 40KHz, +0/–3dB 24 bits >112 dB unweighted, 115dB A-weighted <.
Clock Jitter Intrinsic Jitter Gain Exceeds AES3 Amendment 1 Exceeds AES3 Amendment 1 Control Interfaces MIDI ** In/Out/Thru **supports program change Algorithms Chamber Random Delay Random Hall Plate Dual Delay Resonant Chords Chorus/Flange Concert Hall Room Hall Signal Generator Stereo and Mono Stereo and Mono Stereo and Mono Stereo and Mono Stereo and Mono Stereo and Mono Stereo only Stereo only Stereo and Mono Stereo and Mono Storage Media Type I Compact Flash Can hold up to 1536 user preset
Dimensions Rack Units Size 1U 19.0” W x 1.75” H x 12.5” D (483mm x 44.5mm x 317.5mm) Weight 8.65 lbs Regulatory Approvals FCC CE UL cUL TUV Class A EN55103-1, EN55103-2 UL1419 C22.
MIDI Implementation Chart Function Basic Channel Mode Note Number Velocity After Touch Pitch Bend Control Change Program Change Bank Select System Exclusive System Common Default Changed Default Messages Altered True Voice Note ON Note OFF Keys Channel Song Position Song Select Tune Request System Clock Real Time Commands Aux Local ON/OFF Messages All Notes OFF Active Sensing System Reset Notes Mode 1: OMNI ON, POLY Mode 3: OMNI OFF, POLY 56 Transmitted X X X X X Recognized Remarks 1-16 X N/A X X X
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Harman Music Group 8760 South Sandy Parkway | Sandy, Utah 84070 U.S.A. Phone: (801)-568-7660 | Fax: (801)-568-7662 PCM92 Copyright 2010 Lexicon Professional® Printed in the USA Questions or comments? Visit us online at www.lexiconpro.