Owner's Manual 480L Digital Effects System
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Unpacking and Inspection After unpacking the 480L and LARC, save all packing materials in case you ever need to ship the unit. Thoroughly inspect the 480L, LARC, and packing materials for signs of damage in shipment. Report any damage to the carrier at once. Precautions The Lexicon 480L is a rugged device with extensive electronic protection. However, reasonable precautions applicable to any piece of audio equipment should be observed. • Always use the correct AC line voltage.
Table of Contents Program Directory iv Introduction v 1. Installing the 480L About the Rear Panel About the Front Panel Behind the Front Panel About the LARC How to Mount the 480L Power Requirements How to Interface the LARC Audio Connections How to Float the Analog Ground 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-6 1-7 1-9 1-9 2.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual 12. Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs About the Prime Time III Parameters Bank 12 - Prime Time III 12-1 12-2 12-4 13. Bank 16: the Freq. Stuff Programs About the Frequency Dynamics Parameters Bank 16 - Frequency Dynamics About the Distression Parameters Bank 16 -Distression 13-1 14. Bank 17: the Test and Reference Programs About the Test & Reference Parameters Bank 17 - Test & Reference iv 13-2 13-3 13-4 13-6 14-1 14-2 14-3 Appendix A. B. C. D.
Program Directory - Software Version 4.0 Bank Program Name Bank 1 480 Halls 1.1 Large Hall 1.2 Large + Stage 1.3 Medium Hall 1.4 Medium + Stage 1.5 Small Hall 1.6 Small + Stage 1.7 Large Church 1.8 Small Church 1.9 Jazz Hall 1.0 Auto Park Bank 2 480 Rooms 2.1 Music Club 2.2 Large Room 2.3 Medium Room 2.4 Small Room 2.5 Very Small Room 2.6 Large Wood Rm 2.7 Small Wood Rm 2.8 Large Chamber 2.9 Small Chamber 2.0 Small & Bright Bank 3 Wild Spaces 3.1 Brick Wall 3.2 Buckram 3.
Introduction Introduction You are about to begin using the most advanced digital effects system available—the Lexicon 480L. The 480L is engineered for the all-digital production environment. Digital audio places strict requirements on every link in the signal chain, and the 480L meets those requirements. With its unique 18 bit A/D and D/A converters, the 480L produces a dynamic range of 98 dB in the wet signal path.
1 Installation and Audio Connections This chapter contains overviews of all of the 480L controls, as well as information on mounting, installation and audio connection.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual About the Rear Panel Main Inputs (L & R) The left and right Inputs accept 3-pin male XLR connectors. They are electronically balanced and (optionally) transformer isolated. Either pin 2 or pin 3 can be used as high, but to maintain polarity when transferring data to the digital domain, pin 2 should be high. Pin 1 and either pin 2 or pin 3 of each input must be grounded for unbalanced operation. Input impedance is 30 kilohms in parallel with 100 pF.
Installation and Audio Connections About the Front Panel Cartridge Slot The Cartride Slot accepts both ROM-based program cartridges, and Nonvolatile RAM cartridges for additional memory storage. The 480L is shipped with one Nonvolatile Memory Cartridge, providing five banks of portable register storage. A write-protect switch prevents accidental erasure of contents. Front Panel Latch The front panel is hinged at the bottom; pull on the handle to open.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Behind the Front Panel Cooling Fan The cooling fan provides filtered forced air (the front panel vent is an air intake). The filter is removable and should be cleaned periodically with mild detergent and warm water. Card Retainer The card retainer ensures that the HSP and host processor cards remain firmly seated. Nonvolatile Cartridge Cable This ribbon cable connects the cartridge slot to the host processor card via a locking connector on the host processor card.
Installation and Audio Connections About the LARC Main Display Shows names and values for all selections. Headroom Indicator +12 dBm indicates analog or digital clipping. Proper input level is with +12 dB and ovld LEDs unlit. Numeric Keypad Press one of these keys to load a program selected with PROG or REG. Also used to select pages. Function Keys Bank scrolls through groups of programs or registers. Program-Select Key Press to enter Program mode. Press repeatedly to scroll through programs in a bank.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual How to Mount the 480L The 480L measures 19" wide x 5.25" high x 14.5" deep (483 x 133 x 368 mm). It can rest on any flat surface, or it can be mounted in a standard 19-in. (483 mm) relay rack. Do not install the 480L directly above equipment which produces significant amounts of heat (such as power amplifiers); maximum ambient operating temperature is 40oC (104oF). Do not obstruct the ventilation exhaust ports on the right side panel, or the air intake on the front panel.
Installation and Audio Connections How to Interface the LARC The LARC 1 connector interfaces the mainframe to the Lexicon Alphanumeric Remote Control (LARC) via a flexible 50-ft cable (supplied). If your system is equipped with a single LARC, this is the connector you should use. The LARC 2 connector has two functions. It allows connection of a second LARC to the mainframe for applications where use of two LARCs is required.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Connections for 480L with two LARCs.
Installation and Audio Connections Analog Audio Connections See page 1-2 for details about audio interfacing (pinouts, impedance, etc.) The 480L is designed to take advantage of the flexibility of a mixing console. The figure below shows a typical configuration. For maximum utility, use independent sends that can be assigned as either prefader or postfader.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual The 480L and Digital Audio I/O In addition to its analog inputs and outputs, the 480L is equipped with a PCM digital I/O connector. One application for digital I/O is processing material from a PCM 1610 or compatible unit. The WET/DRY MIX control in the reverb and effects programs makes it possible for the 480L to add signal processing to a stereo mix; without ever leaving the digital domain.
Installation and Audio Connections CHASSIS MOUNT BNC JACKS 9 PIN MALE D-SUB CABLE CONNECTOR (REAR VIEW) EXTERNAL WORD CLOCK INPUT RIGHT CHANNEL INPUT LEFT CHANNEL INPUT 5 4 9 3 8 2 7 1 CHASSIS GND 6 RIGHT CHANNEL OUTPUT LEFT CHANNEL OUTPUT WORD CLOCK OUTPUT TWISTED PAIR (6) OVERALL FOIL SHIELD USE BELDEN #S 9682, 9506, OR EQUIVALENT SHIELDED, LOW CAPACITANCE CABLE WITH 6 TWISTED PAIRS. Suggested interface for Digital I/O Connector.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Typical 1610/1630 Connection Converting Digital Signals to AES/EBU Format.
2 Basic Operation This chapter describes the operations necessary to properly calibrate the 480L in your facility.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Glossary • Mainframe Mainframe refers to a functional 480L operating with one or more machines. • Machine Each 480L HSP board is addressed in the mainframe as an independent machine, or signal processing engine. In addition, the 480L can recognize the Lexicon 224XL and address it as another machine. • Algorithm The 480L contains several algorithms. An algorithm is a set of instructions that tells the 480L's microprocessors how to process the input signal.
Basic Operation Operating Modes The 480L is always in one of the following four operating modes: Machine Operation Mode Program Preview Mode Register Preview Mode Control Mode Program Preview Mode Press the PROG button. Press the BANK button to view program banks. Press the PROG button to view programs in the bank. This mode allows you to: • Select presets. The 480L always powers up in Machine Operation Mode. Register Preview Mode Each mode, and the paths for entering and exiting it are described below.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Machine Operation Mode On power up, the 480L restores the configuration, routing, and programs loaded before power was shut off. The LARC will display the last machine selected.
Basic Operation Checking Your System's Status Press CTRL to enter Control Mode. Press PAGE, then press 1.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual The Mono Split Configuration The Mono Split configuration uses the 480L as two independent signal processors. Each program has an independent mono input and an independent stereo output. The Left input always goes to the first program (Machine A), and the Right input always goes to the second program (Machine B). The Main Outputs produce stereo output from Machine A, and the Aux Outputs produce stereo output from Machine B.
Basic Operation Using Two LARCs to Control a Single 480L If you frequently use your 480L in the Split or Cascade modes, you may wish to consider purchasing a second LARC. Having two LARCs allows you to control two programs simultaneously, without switching back and forth with MACH. Two LARCs are also useful if the 480L is to be shared between two different rooms. In addition to controlling two programs at once, the second LARC can be used to display two pages of parameters for a single program.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual How to Load Programs In order to complete system setup, you will have to load programs into the 480L machines. Remember that programs are variations of algorithms with parameters that have been set at the factory. Prorams are stored in Banks, with a collection of as many as 10 similar programs stored in each bank. Select a Bank In order to select a program, you must first select the bank in which the program is stored. There are two ways to select banks: 1.
Basic Operation Level Calibration Analog Input and Output levels should be set with care to obtain the best possible performance from the 480L. The diagram below illustrates the signal flow through the mainframe. In addition, several programs are available in Bank 17 Test & Reference to help you optimize the performance of your system. Set Test Configuration Use the Single Machine configuration: 1. Press CTRL, press PAGE, then press 1. 2. Move Slider 2 to select SINGLE. 3.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Setting Analog Output Levels The 480L has digital oscillator programs to aid in setting system output levels. Set nominal output level to design center of receiving equipment as follows: 2. A digitally-generated 1kHz should appear at all outputs (both analog and digital). Set the analog output level controls for both Main and Aux Out to register nominal operating level on the device receiving this signal. 1. Load program 17.
Basic Operation Setting Analog Input Levels Once output levels have been calibrated as directed in the previous section, you can proceed to the input levels. Before proceeding, make sure that the Oscillator program is loaded. Severe feedback can occur if any other program is running. 1. Connect Main outputs L&R to the main inputs L&R as shown below. 2. Press the button below the ILVL slider. The LARC will display input level over a 90dB range from dBFS. 3.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Levels in the Digital Domain Analog signals, by nature, have an infinite range of level. During conversion to digital, levels are quantized to absolute values, and expressed as a number of bits. The 480L provides 18-bit resolution in both the analog and digital paths. In the digital domain, it is important to provide adequate headroom so that peak amplitude does not exceed dBFS.
Basic Operation Using Digital Signals Several programs in the 480L allow you to increase the level of the digital signal beyond dBFS. For example, if the Parametric EQ program is loaded, and a low shelf filter is boosted +6dB at 250Hz, the potential headroom to dBFS is reduced accordingly. (See the figure below.) If the audio material fed through this program contains a large amount of energy in the region of the shelf boost, an overload in the digital domain may occur.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual How to Edit Parameters How to Use Registers The sounds of the programs supplied with the 480L cover an astounding range of possibilities, but sooner or later you will want to alter the sounds of the programs to more perfectly fit your requirements. Each program in the 480L contains a set of parameters that can be edited to create a sound uniquely your own.
Basic Operation Storing and Naming Prorams Loading Registers After you have made the changes you want to a program's parameters, you can store the changed version in a register: Registers are organized into banks, selected and loaded in exactly the same manner as programs. However, you press REG to switch from program to register mode, and press REG instead of PROG when selecting, storing, and loading registers.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Protecting Your Registers Against Another Kind of Loss After creating a collection of registers, some users may not wish to let others access their "trademark" sounds. If this concerns you, copy any internal registers that you create to a nonvolatile memory cartridge at the end of each session (using the register transporter in the control mode). Then use the register clear function (also found in the control mode) to remove the registers from internal memory.
Basic Operation MIDI SysEx Program Dumps Programs and presets can also be transmitted and received as MIDI SysEx data. Parameters that enable MIDI SysEx dumps are found on Page 6 in Control mode. SysEx Bulk Dump Slider 1 (SFN) selects a SysEx Bulk Dump function. Slider 2 (SRC) is dependent on the SFN setting, but, in general, it selects the source of the dump function when required.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Dump MIDI Program Table Map The 480L has a program map that translates MIDI program change numbers to 480L program or register numbers. There is a map for each Machine, A and B. As in the ACTIVE function, the SRC slider selects from three possibilities: Machine A, Machine B or Machine A +B.The MIDI MAP bulk dump function dumps the selected map(s) to the MIDI port. Dump action is started holding STO and pressing REG.
Basic Operation A dumped register bank will be restored to its original location if “ORIGINAL SRC” is selected. If the bank was a program bank, restoring to original source will not change anything in the 480L. Selection of destination is not an option when restoring MIDI program table map. The data is restored to the active Machine where it originated.
3 Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs In this chapter we'll discuss the original Reverberation and Plate programs created for the 480L. Two different algorithms are used to create these programs. The primary difference between the two is the density of the reverberation. The algorithm with greater density is used primarily for Room and Plate programs.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Before we jump into detailed descriptions of the programs and parameters, let's take a look at the philosophy behind the reverberation algorithm's radical new structure. About the Reverberation Algorithm The 480L incorporates the results of a great deal of research into acoustics and reverberation. It produces four general classes of sounds: ambience, room simulations, plates, and gated sounds.
Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs becomes stronger than the earlier part of the envelope, resulting in a inverse sound. Note that none of these shape effects are audible unless RTMID is set short enough. Generally, RTMID should be set to a value of about 1.2 seconds for small rooms, and up to 2.4 seconds or so for halls. SIZE should also be set to a value appropriate to the desired hall size (note, however, that small sizes color the reverberation).
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One RTM Mid Reverb Time SHP Shape SPR Spread SIZ Size HFC High Freq Cutoff PDL Predelay XOV Crossover RTC RT Hi Freq.
Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs 0 dB -30 dB Time SHAPE Set All the Way Down. 0 dB -30 dB Time SHAPE at 64 - 1/4 of the Way Up. 0 dB -30 dB Time SHAPE at 128 - 1/2 of the Way Up. The apparent size of the space created is actually a combination of the settings of the SIZE, SHAPE, and SPREAD controls. Small acoustic spaces are characterized by a rapid buildup of diffusion. However, both small and large spaces frequently have an uneven buildup of initial reverberation.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page Two BASS MULTIPLY BASS MULTIPLY sets the reverb time for low-frequency signals, as a multiplier of the RT MID parameter. For example, if BASS MULTIPLY is set to 2X, and RT MID is set to two seconds, the low frequency reverb time will be four seconds. For a natural-sounding hall ambience, we recommend values of 1.5X or less. CROSSOVER CROSSOVER sets the frequency at which the transition from LF RT to RT MID takes place.
Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs Page Three PREECHO LEVEL Preechoes can best be understood by visualizing a stage where the early reflections are the sounds emanating from the rear and side stage walls directly after the sound from the stage. Usually the rear stage wall reflection is earlier and louder than those from the two side walls. The preechoes are actually clusters of echoes, with the density of the cluster set by DIFFUSION.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 1: Halls 1 Large Hall RTM 2.19 s BAS 1.2 x SHP 126 XOV 752 Hz Off Off 0 ms 0 ms 6 Small+Stage SPR SIZ 179 37 m RTC DIF 4.186 99 Preecho Levels Off Off Preecho Delays 0 ms 0 ms HFC 2.862 DCO R7 PDL 24 ms MIX All Fx RTM 1.13 s BAS 1.0 x SHP 96 XOV 752 Hz Off Off -12 dB -12 dB 0 ms 0 ms 12 ms 18 ms SPR SIZ 179 37 m RTC DIF 4.186 99 Preecho Levels -8 dB -8 dB Preecho Delays 64 ms 56 ms HFC 2.862 DCO R7 PDL 24 ms MIX All Fx RTM 4.04 s BAS 1.
Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs Program Descriptions The programs in the Halls bank are reverberation programs designed to emulate real concert halls. While the Halls are useful for a wide variety of tasks, they are especially good with traditional and classical music. For popular music, they can be used to give multitrack recordings the sense of belonging to the same performance, by putting the whole mix in the context of a real-sounding acoustic space.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 2: Rooms 1 Music Club RTM 1.03 s BAS 1.0 x PDE Off PDL 0 ms SHP 40 XOV 752 Hz PDE Off PDL 0 ms 6 Lg Wood Rm SPR 55 RTC 3.784 SIZ 25 m DIF 78 HFC 7.181 DCO R7 PDL 0 ms MIX All Fx SPR 82 RTC 3.784 SIZ 19 m DIF 65 HFC 6.593 DCO R7 PDL 0 ms MIX All Fx SPR 10 RTC 3.784 SIZ 19 m DIF 65 HFC 7.181 DCO R7 PDL 0 ms MIX All Fx SPR SIZ 0 10 m RTC DIF 3.784 60 Preecho Levels Off Off Preecho Delays 0 ms 0 ms HFC 7.181 DCO R6 PDL 0 ms MIX All Fx RTM 0.
Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs Program Descriptions The room programs are similar to the Hall programs, but the spaces they emulate are smaller and somewhat more colored. The rooms are useful for film and video production, as well as classical and popular music recording. If you want to closely match the ambient characteristics of a space, try using the programs found in the Ambience bank. The Ambience algorithm was designed for this application.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 3: Wild Spaces 1 Brick Wall RTM 0.24 s BAS 1.5 x SHP 0 XOV 1.886 Hz Off Off 0 ms 0 ms 6 Metallica SPR SIZ 254 26 m RTC DIF Full R. 88 Preecho Levels Off Off Preecho Delays 0 ms 0 ms HFC 10.591 DCO E7 PDL 0 ms MIX All Fx RTM 0.97 s BAS 1.5 x SHP 57 XOV 1.020 Hz Off Off -7 dB -7 dB 0 ms 0 ms 70 ms 88 ms SPR 61 RTC Full R. HFC 6.882 DCO E7 PDL 0 ms MIX All Fx SPR SIZ 210 31 m RTC DIF Full R.
Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs Program Descriptions The programs in the Wild Spaces bank can best be described as reverberation effects. They produce reverberation, but their sounds bear little resemblance to anything found in nature. These programs are specifically intended for use in popular music production, and have no known applications in traditional or classical music. 1 Brick Wall Brick Wall, as in running into, rather than sounding similar to.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 4: Plates 1 A Plate RTM 2.00 s BAS 0.6 x PDE -8 dB PDL 14 ms Program Descriptions SHP 0 XOV 752 Hz PDE -9 dB PDL 18 ms SPR 0 RTC Full R. SIZ 20 m DIF 97 HFC 8.513 DCO R0 PDL 0 ms MIX All Fx SPR 0 RTC Full R. SIZ 16 m DIF 95 HFC Full R. DCO R0 PDL 60 ms MIX All Fx 2 Snare Plate RTM 1.84 s BAS 0.6 x PDE -9 dB PDL 110 ms SHP 1 XOV 120 Hz PDE -12 dB PDL 152ms 3 Small Plate RTM 1.65 s BAS 1.
4 Bank 5: the Effects Programs This chapter describes the Effects programs and their parameters. The Effects programs are located in Bank 5.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One SPN Spin SLP Slope LNG Length WAN Wander NUM Number PDL Predelay FBL Feedback Level FBD Feedback Delay DIF Diffusion IND Input Delay MIX Wet/Dry Mix HPR High Pass R SGN Signs Page Two MON Input Blend Page Three HPL High Pass L About the Effects Program The effects in the 480L are based on randomly varying time delays. Within this general class a great variety of sounds are possible.
Bank 5: the Effects Programs About the Effects Parameters Page One SPIN SPIN sets the rate of WANDER. SPIN is a log control with a period of 8. In English, this means that if you increase SPIN by eight units, the amount of audible spin increases by a factor of two. There is always some spin--even with SPIN at 0. There is a trade-off between NUMBER and SPIN; lower NUMBERs increase spin speed. 0 dB -30 dB Delay Figure 4.2. SLOPE All the Way Down.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual WANDER WANDER sets the amount of wander in each direction that the delay will move. NUMBER NUMBER sets the number of voices used. PREDELAY PREDELAY sets the delay before the effect begins. Page Two INPUT BLEND (labeled "MON") INPUT BLEND allows manipulation of the input configuration, from normal stereo through mono, to reverse stereo. The Effects algorithm operates in true stereo.
Bank 5: the Effects Programs Programs — Bank 5: Effects 6 Rebound 1 Illusion SPN 30 MON Stereo HPL 0 Hz SLP 154 FBL Off HPR 0 Hz LNG 0 ms FBD 0 ms SGN 0 WAN 42 us DIF 64 NUM 40 IND 52 ms PDL 20 ms MIX All Fx SLP 247 FBL Off HPR 120 Hz LNG 0 ms FBD 0 ms SGN 0 WAN 882 us DIF 64 NUM 40 IND 0 ms PDL 20 ms MIX All Fx LNG 38 ms FBD 412 ms SGN 0 WAN 23 ms DIF 44 NUM 28 IND 244 ms PDL 8 ms MIX 76% LNG 16 ms FBD 10 ms SGN 0 WAN 26 ms DIF 82 NUM 16 IND 0 ms PDL 48 ms MIX All Fx LNG 86 ms FBD 0 ms
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Program Descriptions The effects produced by these programs can be very difficult to describe. They range from subtle to outrageous, depending largely on the type of source material used, and how much of the effect is added to the mix. These effects are powerful and complex, and we encourage you to spend a great deal of time listening to them. 5 Back Slap A strong fast slapback effect.
5 Bank 6: the Twin Delays Programs This chapter describes the Twin Delays programs located in Bank 6.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One DRY L Ch Dry Level DRY R Ch Dry Level ROL L DLY1 Rolloff ROL R DLY1 Rolloff PAN L Channel Pan PAN R Channel Pan LV1 L DLY1 Level FB1 L DLY1 Feedback DL2 R DLY2 Value LV2 R DLY 2 Level FB2 R DLY2 Feedback LV3 L DLY3 Level FB3 L DLY3 Feedback DL4 R DLY4 Value LV4 R DLY4 Level FB4 R DLY4 Feedback FIN R Fine Delay MST Delay Multiplier Page Two DL1 L DLY1 Value Page Three DL3 L DLY3 Value Page Four FIN L Fine Delay The Twin Delays Program The Twin Delays
Bank 6: the Twin Delays Programs Page Three Program Descriptions DL3 Sets the delay time for the third (left channel) delay voice. 1 4-Voice Double Delay voices are doubled in stereo. When added to dry signal, it's crisp, wide, and uncluttered. LV3 Adjusts the level (amplitude) of DL3. 2 Double Delay Two voices produce a double effect. The other two provide a longer delay synced with the double. Cross panned feedback ices the cake. FB3 Adjusts the level of a cross-panned (L-R) feedback line.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 6: Twin Delays 1 4-Vce Double DRY Off DLY1 32.03ms DLY3 60.01ms FIN 0 DRY Of LV1 0dB LV3 -6dB FIN 0 6 Delay Cave ROL Full FB1 0% FB3 0% MST 1.00 ROL Full DLY2 21.04ms DLY4 42.09ms PAN Left LV2 0dB LV4 0dB PAN Right FB2 0% FB4 0% ROL Full FB1 +25% FB3 +30% MST 1.00 ROL Full DLY2 32.03ms DLY4 600ms PAN Left LV2 0dB LV4 -4dB PAN Right FB2 +25% FB4 +30% ROL Full FB1 0% FB3 -30% MST 1.00 ROL Full DLY2 200ms DLY4 400.
6 Bank 7: the Sampler Programs The Sampler programs located in Bank 7 include a variety of useful features for recording and production work. The programs allow slip syncing, copying, and time shifting of segments. Accurate triggering (response time is under 300 microseconds) allows replacement of drum or cymbal sounds (with full decay times) when tracking or overdubbing. Capture mode and editing features allow precise manipulation of sampled data.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Introduction The 480L has a number of sampling programs, each with different features and capabilities. The optional Sampling Memory Expander (SME) board can be inserted into the fourth card slot in the 480L, providing 10.9 seconds of true phase-locked stereo sampling time, or 21.8 seconds of mono sampling time at a 48kHz sampling rate. As with all 480L programs, any sampling program can be loaded into either machine.
Bank 7: the Sampler Programs Bank 7 Samplers There are three types of non-SME samplers. They all record in multiples of 1.36 seconds at 48 kHz (1.48 seconds at 44.1 kHz). The presets provide level-triggered capturing from the left input only, referenced to -24 dB on the LARC level indicators. MARK is set to save five ms of pre-trigger audio for a fast fade-up, except for the Drum percussion samplers, where it is set to 0, or “MARK THE HEAD.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual How to Use the Samplers These general instructions apply to all samplers. (Variations for SME samplers are in parentheses): Recording 1. Single channel mono samplers record only from the left channel. Dual and Stereo Samplers record from both channels. 2. Adjust audio input levels (as shown on the LARC Headroom display) for +6 dB on peaks. 3. Press REC to begin recording and notice the line of "******" on the LARC under the label "RECORDING".
Bank 7: the Sampler Programs Optimizing Level Triggered Playback These tips will enable you to obtain tight level triggering for percussion replacement and other critical applications. 14. Make sure there is no "dead air" at the head of your sample. The non-percussion samplers are preset to MARK and preserve a few milliseconds of pre-trigger audio for the FAST FADE UP. You may either MARK THE HEAD (0 milliseonds) or trim this later. 15.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Time Variant Recording The original (and still available) IMMEDIATE record mode allows control over the start time only. Recording starts when the REC button is pressed, and continues until all audio memory is used. We now use the term capturing to describe a sampler that records until a triggering event stops it. Time Variant Recording provides controls that determine exactly what audio is captured (the MARK slider) and how it is captured (the MOD slider, REC key, and CAP key).
Bank 7: the Sampler Programs Edits will always be accurate over the entire range of the sampler unless you change direction (cross the 0 boundary) after triggering. There is, therefore, no limitation on auditioning a tight edit at low speed and playing it back fast – just avoid changing direction while playing. Changing direction will cause minor inaccuracies in the play time. From Version 3.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Stereo 3S/Mono 6S, and Stereo Drum Page One REC Record MARK Mark Capture MODE Capture Mode CAP Manual Trigger CHK Check Sample REC Record FAD Fade Type MODE Capture Mode CAP Manual Trigger 2 CHK Check Sample FAD Fade Type CUE Cue Sample Page Two DUB Overdub Page Three HED Head Trim TIM Forward Time Page Four PLAY Play RP Repeat TLV Trigger HOLD Retrigger Hold REC Record MARK Mark Capture MODE Capture Mode CUE Cue Sample Dual Rate Change Page One VX Sample
Bank 7: the Sampler Programs Stereo Rate Change 10 - Mono Rate Change 20 Page One DUB Overdub REC Record MARK Mark Capture MODE Capture Mode CAP Manual Trigger CHK Check Sample TAL Tail Trim EDIT Edit FAD Fade Type RAT Rate CUE Cue Sample RP Repeat TLV Trigger RAT Rate HOLD Retrigger Hold CUE Cue Sample LVL Ref MIDI Velocity REF Ref MIDI Note MIR Pitch Mirror RAT Rate CUE Cue Sample Page Two HED Head Trim Page Three PLAY Play Sample Page Four MID MIDI Play About the Sampling Control
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual HEAD TRIM Once a sample has been recorded, head trim is used to remove unwanted information at the beginning of the sample, selecting a new start point for playback. A fine mode is provided for precise trim. Press the button under the Head Trim slider until the display flashes. To exit, press the button again and hold it until the display stops flashing. LEVL FWD (Mono Forward/Reverse) LEVL FWD sets the playback level for forward play.
Bank 7: the Sampler Programs REVERSE TIME (Mono Forward/Reverse) REVERSE TIME sets how much of the sample to play back (in reverse play). TAIL TRIM Once a sample has been recorded, TAIL TRIM is used to remove unwanted information at the end of the sample, and select the start point for reverse playback. A fine mode is provided for precise trim. Press the button under the Head Trim slider until the display flashes. To exit, press the button again and hold it until the display stops flashing.
7 Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs The Pitch Change program is a true stereo pitch shifter which displays pitch change in musical intervals. It can also operate as two independent mono programs in each channel. In addition, a delay line with independent feedback paths is available to create useful effects. Pitch parameters can be quickly linked to MIDI Note values; a mirror feature is also provided.
Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Page One MOD Stero/Mono SNC Play Sync PCH Pitch L FIN Fine Pitch L PDR R Predelay FBL L Feedback FBR R Feedback REF MIDI Ref Note MIR Pitch Mirror PCH Pitch R FIN Fine Pitch R Page Two PDL L Predelay MIX Wet/Dry Mix Page Three MIDI MIDI Pitch L GLL Glide L SPL Splice Time Page Four MIDI MIDI Pitch R REF MIDI Ref Note MIR Pitch Mirror GLR Glide R Figure 7.1. Pitch Change Parameters.
Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Page Three Program Descriptions MIDI (MIDI Pitch Event Left) MIDI Pitch Event provides a fast link between a MIDI Note Event and interval pitch shifting. By establishing a patch with NOTE EVENT as source and PITCH EVENT as destination, the amount of pitch shift can track incoming notes in semitone intervals. Pressing the KEY will tell you the curent pitch shift. 1 Pitch Change This program has pitch values set to 0 and is set for stereo shift.
Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Programs — Bank 8: Pitch Shift 1Pitch Change MOD Stereo PDL 0ms MIDI +null MIDI +null SNC PDR 0ms 4 Barber Pole PCH +null FBL 0% REF 48c2 REF 72c4 FIN +null FBR 0% MIR +Off MIR +Off PCH +null PCH -3c FBL +23% REF +Off REF +Off FIN -3c FBR +13% MIR +Off MIR +Off PCH +6c PCH +10c FBL +10% REF 48c2 REF 72c4 FIN +10c FBR +10% MIR +Off MIR +Off PCH -10c GLL +null GLR +null FIN +null MIX All Fx SPL 16 2 Pitch Chorus MOD SNC Mono PDL PDR 6.48 ms 9.
Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Page One PLAY Play Trigger TYP Play Type FG Amp Q/Pch Q SPD Speed TIM Time DST Distance Page Two PLAY Play Doppler TRIG Trigger Doppler The Doppler Program Everyone is familiar with the Doppler effect heard when a train or truck goes zooming by. The Doppler program recreates this effect with startling realism by reproducing the panning, amplitude and pitch variations heard as a sound source moves past the listener.
Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Page Two PLAY (Play Trigger) Identical to PLAY on page one. TRIGGER (Trigger Mode) TRIGGER sets the level of the audio trigger. At the maximum setting, the effect is triggered manually with PLAY or MIDI. When a level has been selected, PLAY arms the effect. It then waits for a signal at the selected level to run. It must be rearmed before running again; the continuous setting has no meaning.
8 Bank 9: the Mastering Programs This chapter describes the Mastering programs located in Bank 9. These include The In/Out, Stereo Adjust, PONS Adjust, Stereo and Mono Parametric EQ, and Panorama.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual The In/Out Program The In/Out program is a bypass program that feeds input signal unaltered through processors to outputs. This program has no adjustable parameters.
Bank 9: the Mastering Programs If stereo material is recorded with a coincident pair of figure-of-eight microphones, moving the ROT slider is exactly equivalent to rotating the microphone pair. Other microphone arrays and multimicrophone setups do not rotate perfectly, but using this control is frequently preferable to simply adjusting balance. The display shows the actual channel gains for a continually panned source. The result of this control is to change the separation of low frequency stereo signals.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Shuffler Shuffler is designed to be used with Binaural recordings, or with any recording technique involving only omnidirectional microphones placed at close distances (such as true Binaural or directional microphones spaced to equal ear-to-ear distance and aimed forward). It adds a significant amount of L-R low frequency information.
Bank 9: the Mastering Programs Page One LVL Level FIN Fine Level BAL LDB Balance R ROT Rotate TBL Treble Left TBR Treble R HFC Treble Xover SPC Spatial EQ BAS Bass Left BAS Bass Right FLP Flip & Swap PONS Noise Shaping SHL Shelf Page Two XOV Bass Xover Page Three DIT Dither SHUF Shuffler The PONS Adjust Program PONS Adjust is similar to the Stereo Adjust Program — A two-channel digital mixer with precision level adjustment, low and high frequency shelving EQ, and precision stereo balance co
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page Two XOV (Bass Crossover) XOV sets the crossover point for BAS and SPC . When BAS is set to full cut, the level is -3 dB at the frequency set with XOV. HFC (Stereo Treble Crossover) HFC sets the crossover point for TBL and TBR. When TBL or TBR is set to full cut, the level is -3 dB at the frequency set with HFC. SPC (Spatial EQ) SPC sets the amount of a crossfeed between channels. The signal first goes through a 6 dB/octave lowpass filter whose frequency is set with XOV.
Bank 9: the Mastering Programs Page One LEV Stereo Level FIN Fine Level BAL LDB Balance R LNK Stereo Link FIN Fine Frequency L FIN Fine Frequency R Q LEV FIlter Level FR1R FIlter 1 Right Q LEV FIlter Level Q LEV FIlter Level FR2R FIlter 2 Right Q LEV Filter Level Page Two FR1L Filter 1 Left Page Three FR2L Filter 2 Left The Parametric EQ Programs Two Parametric EQ programs are located in Bank 9.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page Two Page Three FR-1 L and FR-1R These controls allow frequency settings to be adjusted independently on either the left or the right channel. Frequency settings fall between 30 Hz and 17 kHz. FR-1 L and FR-1R These controls allow frequency settings to be independently adjusted on either the left or the right channel. Frequency settings fall between 30 Hz and 17 kHz. Q Q adjusts the amount of bandwidth affected by the level control.
Bank 9: the Mastering Programs Page One LVL Level FIN Fine Level FIN Fine Freq. 1 FIN Fine Freq. 2 Q LEV Level Page Two FR-LF Low Frequency Q LEV Level Q LEV Level FR-LM Low-Mid Freq. Page Three FR-HM High-Mid Freq. About the Mono Parametric EQ Parameters Page One LVL (Level) LVL is a mono level control, From -12 to +12 the slider moves in .25 dB increments. Below -12 it moves in .50dB increments. Below -60 dB calibration is in larger steps, finally dropping to zero output at -72 dB.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One CH1 Left Channel In CH2 Right Channel In EFF Effect ANG Speaker Angle LFB L-R Boost MIX Dry Input The Panorama (Binauaral) Program Panorama is a crosstalk elimination program. It increases the apparent width of stereo sounds by eliminating the crosstalk around the ears of the listener. One of the major uses of this program in the 480L is to spread the sound of a reverb or effect outside the bounds of the loudspeakers.
Bank 9: the Mastering Programs LFB may also be useful in film mixing in a matrixed surround system. It will tend to send low frequencies into the surround. For this application, be sure to set EFF to 0. MIX (Dry Input MIX) Dry Input Mix is not like the other mix controls in the 480. It mixes the stereo input to the 480L into the output of Panorama, regardless of the configuration selected for the 480L. In Single mode this is equivalent to the usual MIX. In Split modes the results will be not useful.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Program Descriptions 1 The In/Out A bypass program that feeds an input signal unaltered through the processors. This program has no adjustable parameters. 6 Channel Swap A variation of Stereo Adjust that has the Flip & Swap parameter preset to swap left and right channel input signals. 2 Stereo Adjust A digital mixing program designed for mastering applications. The program loads with parameters nulled.
9 Bank 10: the Compressor Programs This chapter describes the Compressor programs located in Bank 10.
Bank 10: the Compressor Programs Page One DLY Front Delay SLP Slope GAIN Maximum Gain EXG Expander Gain EXT Expander Thresh THR Threshold Down RTC ATC Attack Time Const Release Time Const Page Two EXS Expander Slope The Compressor/Expander Program Compressor is a stereo compressor program, with a user interface similar to several mastering compressors. The important thing to keep in mind as you use this program is: It always has unity gain at high levels.
Bank 10: the Compressor Programs ATC (Attack Time Constant) ATC adjusts the speed with which the compressor responds to an increase in input level. The nominal value is about 30ms. The times on the slider move in factors of 2, from 7ms to about 1 second. Both 7ms and 15ms will cause some distortion and are not recommended unless delay through the program cannot be tolerated. High values of ATC can be used with large delays in a program-leveling application. The filter used for ATC is a non-linear filter.
Bank 10: the Compressor Programs Program Descriptions 6 FM DLY SLP 15.64ms 14.22=1 EXS EXG 1.88=1 7dB GAIN 7dB EXT -40dB THR 15dB ATC 15ms RTC 58ms GAIN 6dB EXT -40dB THR 0dB ATC 7ms RTC 286ms GAIN 0dB EXT -30dB THR 0dB ATC 7ms RTC 37ms GAIN 10dB EXT 50dB THR -18dB ATC 7ms RTC 181ms GAIN 4dB EXT 46dB THR -12dB ATC 7ms RTC 91ms 7 Nailed DLY SLP 39.27ms 21.33=1 EXS EXG 2.00=1 10dB SLP 1.00=1 EXG 24dB 9 2-Slp-Mach A DLY 9.40ms EXS 1.50=1 SLP 1.
10 Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program This chapter describes the Random Hall programs located in Bank 11, and the Random Spaces programs located in Bank 12.
Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program Page One RTM Reverb Time SHP Shape SPR Spread SIZ Size HFC High Freq Cutoff PDL Predelay XOV Crossover RTC High Freq Cutoff DIF Diffusion MOD Mode MIX Wet/Dry Mix ECHO R>R LEV R>L ELS L>R SPN SPin WAN Wander ECHO Delay 2 DEL Delay 3 AYS Delay 4 SHL Shelf LEV Reverb Level Page Two BAS Bass Multiply Page Three PRE L>L Page Four PRE Delay 1 The Random Halls and Spaces Program About the parameters RHALL is similar to the standard Hall p
Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program SPREAD SPREAD works together with SHAPE to control the contour of the overall ambience of the sound created by the 480L. SPREAD controls the duration of the initial contour of the reverberation envelope (SHAPE controls the envelope). Low SPREAD settings result in a rapid onset of reverberation at the beginning of the envelope, with little or no sustain. Higher settings spread out both the buildup and sustain.
Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program MODE Selects between linked and unlinked modes of operation for RT MID, SHP, SPR, and SIZ parameters. The Reverb mode maintains optimum relational values between these controllers as settings are changed. Effects mode permits independent parameter control. WET/DRY MIX WET/DRY MIX controls the ratio of direct vs. effect signal in the output from a program. When the 480L is patched into a console, this control should almost always be set to 100% wet.
Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program Programs — Bank 11: Random Hall 1 Large RHall RTM 2.09s BAS x1.
Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program The Random Halls Program Like the programs in Bank 1 (480L Hall), the Random Hall programs in Bank 11 are designed to emulate real concert halls. The random elements in these programs provide smoother decay, particularly where values of Size and Reverb Time are high. 2 Lg RHall + Stage Lg RHall + Stage is similar to Large RHall, except that the musicians are located at one end of the hall, and several preechoes simulate the effects of a procenium arch.
Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program Programs — Bank 12: Random Spaces 1 Music Club R RTM 1.06s BAS x1.
Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program Program Descriptions The Random Spaces presets are similar to the Room presets located in Bank 2. Most of the presets simulate the same room sizes as those in the standard Rooms. The random delay elements, however, make the rooms seem more “live”. These elements are very useful when you are attemping to simulate atmospheres that are busy, or that have movement.
11 Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs This chapter describes the Ambience programs located in Bank 13 and the Post-Ambience programs located in Bank 14.
Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Page One RT Reverb Time RTL Reverb Level SIZ Size ROL Rolloff WAN Wander PDL Predelay IND Dry Delay DIF Diffusion MIX Wet/Dry Mix Page Two SPN SPin The Ambience Program About the parameters The Lexicon 480L reverberation programs (HALLS and ROOMS Banks) are designed to add a cushion of reverberance to recorded music, while leaving the clarity of the direct sound unaffected. Ambience is different.
Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Page 2 SPN (Spin) SPN is identical to the spin control in the EFFECTS algorithm. It affects the movement of several early reflections. The object of SPN (and WAN) is to continuously alter the timbre of the early reflection parts of the ambient sound. This makes the result more natural. It is not intended to make the position of instruments unstable. WAN (Wander) WAN is also identical to the wander control in the EFFECTS algorithm.
Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Listen only to the returns of the 480L. If you have closely approximated the HF contour and size of the space, moving MIX should yield a smooth transition from the rear of the space to the original sound source (the predominant instrument, vocalist, etc.) If your approximations were close, doing this will immediately alert you as to which controls are set incorrectly.
Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Programs — Bank 13: Ambience 1 Very Lg Ambience RTM 3.34s SPN 34 RTL 71 WAN 7098µs 6 Heavy Ambience SIZ 40M PDL 0 ROL 2862Hz IND 0 DIF 75 MIX All Fx MIX All Fx SIZ 33M PDL 0 ROL 2862Hz IND 0 DIF 75 MIX All Fx MIX All Fx SIZ 20M PDL 0 ROL 2862Hz IND 0 DIF 75 MIX All Fx MIX All Fx SIZ 13M PDL 0 ROL 2862Hz IND 0 DIF 75 MIX All Fx MIX All Fx ROL 3591Hz IND 0 DIF 56 MIX All Fx MIX All Fx 2 Large Ambience RTM 2.
Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Program Descriptions The prrograms listed above for the AMBIENCE program were designed to emulate the real spaces typically required for music, jingle, and post-production work. 5 Strong Ambience The room size is larger than Medium Ambience, but the RT LEVEL has been reduced to provide a strong "wash" of ambience with a relatively short decay time.
Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs The Post Ambience Program The Post Ambience Program bank (14) contains a group of programs that are optimized to meet the requirements of post production. Several algorithms are used in this bank. Each program description refers to the algorithm used to create it. 6 Small Foley RT 0.18s SPN 10 RTL 87 WAN 672 SIZ 1.5M PDL 4.65 ROL 6.315k "IND 19.65 DIF 17 MIX Al Fx MIX All Fx ROL 3.591k IND 0ms DIF 40 MIX All Fx MIX All Fx SIZ 2M DIF 29 0ms HFC 9.
Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Program Descriptions 1 Car Interior (Random Hall) It's a 4-door. Raise the value of Shape to make it a station wagon. Raise pre-echo levels to close the windows! 2 Living Room (Random Hall) The average suburban type. 3 Bathroom (480 Hall) Larger than average. 4 Kitchen Ambience (Ambience) Can you find your disposal sound effect? 5 Kellars Cell (Random Hall) No, it's not the padded cell. Small, deep, and the surfaces are hard.
12 Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs This chapter describes the PrimeTime III programs located in Bank 15.
Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs Page One SPD Speed L SPD Speed R MAX Max Pitch Shift L MAX Max Pitch Shift R WIN Window L WIN Window R PDL Predelay IND Dry Delay L IND Dry Delay R TRB Treble Cut MIX Wet/Dry Mix FBK Feedback Level R CFB Cross Feedback L CFB Cross Feedback R PAN Pan L PAN Pan R Page Two PDL Predelay Page Three FBK Feedback Level L The Prime Time III Program The Prime Time algorithm provides left and right control mechanisms for predelay, high frequency rolloff (6db/oct
Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs Page 2 Programs — Bank 12: Prime Time III PDL and PDR (Left and Right Predelays) PDL and PDR are predelay lines which are independently set for left and right. The entire modulation effect takes place within these two delay lines. All feedbacks wrap back to these delay lines. 1 Prime Chorus INDL and INDR (Left and Right Input Delays) INDL and INDR are dry path delay lines. Any amount of dry mix passes through these two delay lines.
Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs 6 Shake It Up SPD SPD MAX 204 192 5 PDL PDL IND 98.24ms 107.2ms 5.62ms FBK FBK CFB 0 0 20 MAX 7 IND 5.62ms CFB 20 WIN 23smp TRB 5.53kHz PAN Right WIN 31smp MIX All Fx PAN Left MAX 4 IND 18.30ms CFB 40 MAX 5 IND 5.62ms CFB -29 WIN 78smp TRB 5.5kHz PAN Left WIN 39smp MIX All Fx PAN Right MAX 4 IND 5.62ms CFB 38 MAX 5 IND 5.62ms CFB -21 WIN 59smp TRB 7.8kHz PAN 70 WIN 122smp MIX All Fx PAN 30 MAX 4 IND 48.57ms CFB -25 WIN 771smp TRB 4.
13 Bank 16: the Freq. Stuff Programs This chapter describes the Frequency Dynamics and Distression programs located in Bank 16.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One TSL Treble Slope TBR Treble Rotate TBM Treble Max Gain XOV Xover Frequency LMG Lo Freq Max Gain ATC Attack Time Const HFC High Freq Cut XOM Xover Mix Page Two LSL LFR Lo Freq Comp Ratio Lo Freq Rotation Pt RTC Release Time Const DLY Front Delay Page Three GATE Noise Gate The Frequency Dynamics Program This frequency compression algorithm is a stereo two channel effect which is very similar to the Distression Program except there is no distortion module.
Bank 16: the Freq. Stuff Programs Programs — Bank 16: Frequency Dynamics 1 Mix Finish TSL 144 LSL 140 GATE 94 TBR -20 LFR -21 Program Descriptions TBM 27dB LMG 6dB XOV 7.4K ATC 1 HFC FULL RTC 5 XOM 60% DLY 8.23 TBM 12 LMG 5 XOV 654Hz ATC 1 HFC full RTC 5 XOM 54% DLY 5.15ms 2 Big Vocals TSL 141 LSL 180 GATE 99 TBR -20 LFR -26 TBR 20 LFR 30 TBM 17 LMG 8 XOV 5.5K ATC 1 HFC 12.7K RTC 5 XOM 43% DLY 6.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One DST Distortion Mix EXM Expansion Mix XOV Xover Frequency HFC High Freq Cut XOM Xover Mix DGN Distortion Gain TBR Treble Rotate TBM Treble Max Gain EXP Expansion Slope SUS Sustain DHP Distortion Hi Pass LMG Lo Freq Max Gain ATC Attack Time Const RTC Release Time Const Page Two TSL Treble Slope Page Three DLY Front Delay LSL LFR Lo Freq Comp Ratio Lo Freq Rotation Pt Page Four GATE Noise Gate The Distression Program About the Parameters The Frequency D
Bank 16: the Freq. Stuff Programs Page 2 Page 3 TSL (Treble Slope) TSL defines the ratio of the high-frequency compressor. A LARC value of 128 equals a 2:1 compression ratio. DLY (Front Delay) DLY determines the amount audio delay before the compressor modules. This effectively allows the 480L to perform a “look ahead” function to the compressors. TBR (Treble rotate - threshold) TBR control determines the point at which compression starts to occur.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 16: Distression 6 Carbon Mic DST 208 TSL 84 DLY 5.82m GATE 99 EXM 63 TBR -17 LSL 122 Program Descriptions XOV 181Hz TBM 17dB LFR -19 HFC 5.5k EXP 3 LMG 9dB XOM allfx SUS 94 ATC 2 DGN 106 DHP 304Hz RTC 4 XOV 430Hz TBM 20 LFR -19 HFC 5.5k EXP 7 LMG 10 XOM 52% SUS 68 ATC 3 DGN 255 DHP 4.6k RTC 7 7 Saxophone DST 225 TSL 255 DLY 7.32k GATE 99 EXM 45 TBR 14 LSL 196 8 Horn Blast DST 255 TSL 226 DLY 10.
14 Bank 17: the Test & Reference Programs This chapter describes the Test & Reference programs located in Bank 17.
Bank 17: the Test & Reference Programs Page One LVL Level DEC Decade FRQ Frequency WAV Wave Form ACC Accuracy ILEV Input Level The Oscillator Program Unlike standard 480L programs, the Oscillator reconfigures the mainframe so that signal no longer passes from inputs to outputs. This allows the mainframe outputs to be fed to the mainframe inputs to calibrate analog signal levels.
Bank 17: the Test & Reference Programs Programs — Bank 17: Oscillator Programs — Bank 17: Pink Noise 1 100Hz-12dB 9 Pink Noise LVL -12dB DEC 2 FRQ 100.00 WAV 0 ACC 1 ILEV - FRQ 500.00 WAV 0 ACC 1 ILEV - FRQ 500.00 WAV 0 ACC 1 ILEV - FRQ 1000.0 WAV 0 ACC 1 ILEV - Program Description 2 500Hz-17dB LVL -17dB DEC 2 3 500Hz-12dB LVL -12dB DEC 2 4 1kHz-17dB LVL -17dB DEC 3 5 1kHz-12dB LVL -12dB DEC 3 FRQ 1000.0 WAV 0 ACC 1 ILEV - FRQ 10000.
Bank 17: the Test & Reference Programs About the Parameters Page One DRY (Dry Level) Controls the level of the direct sound. The output of this parameter is fed to the direct sound simulator. WET (Reverb Level) Controls the level of the reverberation generated in Machine A. This slider interacts with the Cal parameter on Page 4. The output of this parameter is fed to the reverberation simulator. ERL (Early Reflections Level) Master level control for the levels found on Page 2.
A MIDI and the 480L This section describes the use of MIDI with the 480L.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Introduction Basic MIDI Setup Most uses of MIDI with the 480L fall into one of four basic categories: 1. Press CTRL to enter the control mode. 2. Press PAGE, 5 to go to page 5.
Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L MIDI In MIDI Out MIDI Out MIDI Controller/Synthesizer Sequencer MIDI In 480L DIGITAL EFFECTS SYSTEM exicon Connecting a Keyboard, Sequencer, and the 480L. Applications Using a MIDI Keyboard to Control the 480L You can select 480L registers and control up to ten parameters and/or events simultaneously using the controllers and switches found on MIDI-equipped instruments.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual The corresponding register table is found on page 5 of the control mode. To use it: 2. Load one of the sampler programs in Bank 6 or 7. 3. Press CTRL to enter the control mode. 1. Enter the control mode and go to page 5. 4. Press PAGE, 4 to go to page 4 of the control mode. 2. Slider three (PGM) selects the MIDI program change number, and slider four (TBL) selects the 480L register or program. 3.
Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L A single note can be patched to trigger an event, or a range of notes can control a single event. The following procedure assumes you have made MIDI connections and set the 480L's MIDI channels. To patch a MIDI note event to a sampler event: 1. Press CTRL to enter the Control Mode. Go to page 4. 2. Use SEL to select the patch to create (only the first four patches can be used for events). 3. Push the SRC slider all the way up to NOTE EVENT. 4.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Controlling a 480L from a Sequencer Since you can control the 480L in real time with MIDI controllers, it stands to reason that you could record your manipulation of those controllers with a MIDI sequencer, and then repeat the performance automatically. In fact, this works perfectly, and this capability gives the 480L a fairly sophisticated level of automation. If your sequencer can sync to tape, you can even use it to provide automated effects for non-MIDI instruments.
Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L MIDI Implementation Lexicon 480L Function Transmitted Recognized Remarks Basic Channel Default Channel X X O O Mode Defaullt Messages Altered X X X Mode 3 X X O O 0-127 True Voice Velocity Note ON Note OFF X X O X 1-127 Used as controller After Touch Keys Channels X X X O Used as controller X O Used as controller 0-95 X O 0-31 64-95 True # X X O X System Exclusive O O System Common :Song Pos :Song Sel :Tune X X X X X X System Real Tim
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Sysex Message Formats 480 Generic System Exclusive Message Format $F0 $06 $01 System Exclusive ID Lexicon ID 480 ID 0ccc nnnn Message Class and Sysex Device ID ccc = Message Class 0-7 nnnn = Channel Device ID 0-15 Message Subclass sssssss = Subclass $0-$7F Data Characters xxxxxxx = Data $0-$7F End of System Exclusive 0sssssss 0xxxxxxx $F7 Many messages have checksums associated with them.
Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L Event Data Format $F0 $06 $01 480 System Exclusive Header $3n $0d Parameter Data Message Class, Sysex Channel Device ID Subclass = Control Class $2 Global Controls $3-$4 Program Controls Machine A and Machine B $5-$6 Patch Controls Machine A and Machine B $7-$8 Process Controls Machine A and Machine B $9-$A Table Controls Machine A and Machine B $B-$C Name Controls Machine A and Machine B 0nnnnnnn Event Number Index within Control Class 0-127 $0v $0v $0v $0v $0v Nibbliz
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Active Bulk Data Format Active Machines A and B $F0 $06 $01 480 System Exclusive Header $0n 0sss ssss Parameter Data Message Class, Sysex Channel Device ID Subclass = Active Class $33 Active Machine A $34 Active Machine B $0n $0n $0n Nibblized Setup Index Most Significant Bits Nibblized Setup Index Least Significant Bits $0c $0c $0c $0c Nibblized Data Byte Count Most Significant Bits (Number of Nibblized Pairs + 4) 4 bits (out of 16) $0x $0x Nibblized Data Byte Pairs
Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L MIDI Program Table Map Format $F0 $06 $01 480 System Exclusive Header $7n $0p Parameter Data Message Class, Sysex Channel Device ID Subclass = Machine p=0 =Machine A p=1 = Machine B Nibblized Data Bytes Most Significant Bits 4 bits (out of 12) 4 bits ( out of 12) Least Significant Bits 4 bits (out of 12) $0x $0x $0x (128 total 12 bit words = 384 data byte characters) 0mmmmmmm Data Checksum Calculated by adding each data character to previous sum starting with Nibblized D
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Understanding Events and Parameters The system of events and parameters used by the 480 is directly accessible using the automation mode. These events and parameters have a direct relationship to the events and parameters available from the LARC. Every parameter and event seen on the LARC can be changed using automation. The order and relative offset of the parameters and events do not correspond with the parameters displayed on the LARC.
Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L Understanding Preset and Register Indexes Presets and Registers share a range of indexes to represent locations within the 480 software. All indexes are in the range of 1-1023. The range 1-923 is reserved for presets. Currently presets 1-210 are available. Indexes between the range of 924 and 973 are internal registers and 974 through 1023. These numbers are used in all automation or bulk dump sysex messages when referring to a stored or preset 480 setup.
B Solving Problems This section describes some common problems and their solutions.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Solving Problems When I try to use a cartridge, the 480L tells me that the cartridge is not formatted. Before a cartridge is used for the first time, it must be formatted. While this is generally done at the Lexicon factory or by your dealer, it is possible that you have obtained an unformatted cartridge. inserted in their sockets correctly. Make sure that Host board is correctly seated in its socket. Make sure the LARC cable is correctly connected. Check line voltage.
Appendix B: Solving Problems LARC Diagnostic Programs To enter the LARC diagnostic test mode, after the 480L has powered up and resumed normal operation, press PAGE and, while holding it down, press PROG. To scroll through the menu, press PAGE; to load a displayed program, press PROG. The following table shows how the diagnostic program is organized, how it is loaded and how each of the programs function. To enter any diagnostic program, press PROG. To exit, press PROG again.
C Specifications This section contains the specifications for the 480L.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Specifications The following specifications are subject to change without notice. Audio Audio Inputs (Two) Levels +6 to +28 dBm; electronically balanced +6 to +28 dBm; unbalanced Impedance Common Mode Rejection Ratio Connectors Transformer Option 30 kilohms in parallel with 100 pF Encoding 18 bit equivalent linear PCM >40 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz Sampling Rate 48.0 kHz/44.
Appendix C: Specifications Interface Miscellaneous Digital Audio Interface Interface PCM 1610-compatible digital I/O; 18-bit word length capability; slaveable to 48 kHz, 44.1 kHz, or 44.
D Voltage Changeover and Optional Transformers This section describes voltage changeover and installation of optional transformers.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Voltage Changeover Installing the Optional Transformers Voltage changeover is a fast and easy process: 1. Remove the power cable from the 480L. 2. Insert a small flat-bladed screwdriver or an IC puller into the slot next to the fuseholder cartridge, which is located just to the right of the power connector. Pry the cartridge out so that it drops out of the chassis. Set the fuseholder cartridge aside.
Appendix D: Voltage Changeover and Installation of Optional Transformers 8. After wiring, mount the transformers to the side of the chassis, using the brackets supplied with the transformers. For the 480L outputs, we recommend Jensen JE-123SLPC transformers. 1. Remove R45, 46, 78, 79, 80, 82, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 128, 129, 130,131, and 132. 2. Install 33 ohm, 1/4 Watt, 1% resistors at R47, 81, 83, 93, 94, 133, 134, 135. 3. Move jumpers W5, W6, W7, W8, W9, W10, W11, and W12 from position 2-3 to position 1-2.
E Control Mode Reference This section contains descriptions of each parameter in the Control Mode.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Control Mode - Reference Section The following list contains a brief description of every parameter in the control mode, listed in order by page number. Page One STA (Status) Moving the STA slider displays the current status of a variety of different controls on the 480L. This control doesn't permit you to change any settings—it simply allows you to quickly check out the status of several 480L controls. CFG (Configuration) The 480L can run any two of its programs simultaneously.
Appendix E: Control Mode Reference PRO (Register Protect) PRO has four options: • • • • OFF (no protection) INTERNAL (internal registers are protected) CARTRIDGE (cartridge registers are protected) INT & CART (both internal and cartridge registers are protected) When registers are protected, they cannot be copied to, moved to, cleared, or otherwise erased. Blank registers can still be copied or moved to. DEF (Default) DEF selects the power-up default mode.
Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual PGM (Program Change Mode) Pgm determines what the 480L will do with incoming MIDI program changes.
