A_≠a_˝ˇ A_≠a_˝ˇ 'C¨≤˝ˇ IU˚E:043C HSILGNE 'C¨≤˝ˇ HSILGNE SRPG ?_Ce_? GPRS Phone USER'S MANUAL AAI≥e?ⓒO A¸E 0043C IU ˚E: ?aE aA C˚?˙ AAⓒA¸E '˝ˇ ?I≠oO MODEL: C3400 ?´A a? A†e÷» Please read this manual ?≠Aa˘˙ AA≠oCa AA?Ce?. e∑--¸E before AAI≥eGaE. Revision 1.1 PRINTED IN KOREA operating carefully mobile phone. your Retain it for future reference. Revision 1.
AAA≠a¸?˙ SRPG ?_Ce_? AAI≥e?ⓒO A¸E 0043C ?aE aA C˚?˙ AAⓒA¸E '˝ˇ ?I≠oO a? A†e÷» ?´A IU ˚E: ?≠Aa˘˙ AA≠oCa AA?Ce?. e∑--¸E AAI≥eGaE.
IGⓒI?˙ AAIeGⓒO aCAE Aa ˚eI¸Ø AA´˛ˇ 0043C AAI°IUI AA?Ce? ∂≠Aa AE˝ O? Ufl ANA¸? eU∫Ei IC AE†ⓒo AE U'G|C AEAIE UAAIªII AA°oI U∫--≠ i AAI°IUI. AE?Ce? AA≠?I¸?˙ AAeªCAi efi UAUo¸C IAEUICi AE˝ ?´A AAI≥e?ⓒO A¸E ˚°eU˛ˇ ??˙ afiE AAUA¨ ˘˙ AAIAEUICi oI¸O ?≠Aa˘˙ AA≠oCa AA?Ce?. ?´A Ue∑--¸E AA?Ce? eA≠¡ UAeo a AAE Aa I≥eU˚Ci AE'øE AE˝ AA°ªUI AEoE IO œ¸≠ AAeAⓒ˚Ei AEU AAe--¸¸≠Ai IO OUŒ AE˛ˇ ANo≠Aa AA≤eAICI. ≤Ua AEU AEeE? ANA--Ca ANA˝ˇ ˚Ui ˛ˇ ?ⓒ ?´A AAI≥e?ⓒO A¸E '˝ˇ ∫≠A†?˙ a?C AAI≥IU￡ AA?Ce?.
≤EIefl A≥EIi e°´˚≠ AEi Ca a¸ⓒ‡ AA?Ce? eI≥fl A ?E '˝ˇ ≤¸C¨efl. ?¸C ˘˙ 'G? A≤eAIE ≤EIefl, AEoE IO AAE∫E˝ˇ UAA∑C†O AAa√C¨˚Ci AE?Ce?. AIO IfiCU '˝ˇ AA?Ce? †¸n AA￢÷CI Ie CUI ∫--¸≠˘˙ '˝ˇ 3 A†÷» AO aA¸ⓒ|A AEoØAa AE˝ ˚°eU˛ˇ ANO? ˚e≥aa IIC AEO÷ªCI ?CaE?˙ AA§e C?. A?√≠ AAeA≠¡ MSG ?UAe? ?÷E ˚oa AA√CO≠˘˙. A§E AAU?Ci aCAG≠a ae∑--¸E? eGI A I?CÆU AAU?U , eØU˚ⓒ I°√Ci AEU AAfi¸ICU˚?˙ AAI∑C¨˚O AAU?U , AAIe÷o≠Ai. ∫ CA?˙ AEIC?O IO IaeEe¸O U˚ⓒ˚fl AA?Ce? eI≥fl ∂° ?.
≤EIefl A≥EIi e a¸? AA√C¨O?˙ AAIfiCAICi eeU'≠ A ?ⓒ AAeªCI. ∂afiCi ?E ?aE IO 'G? eAeIⓒ AEA AEU ˚oa UAE¸?, AA°CAi '˝ˇ AEeªCI AA?Ce? AE˝ AA°CAi IiE AA?CI?˙ AA√C¨O?˙ AA√C¨O?˙. AAAEo¸?˙ AA≠A ˚U AN¨≤CI AEo?Ø˘˙ ?E e°IE AAEo?Ø˘˙ IO AAeⓒA§E †ⓒUo §√≠ AAIoCI IO AAG≠˚a?˙ AANAfie≠UO¸?˙ AAeⓒA§E ˚Uii≠ ?ⓒ AAI-- √¸≥˝ˇ. AAeE÷Ø˚UU AEo?Ø˘˙ AE˝ AA√÷¸? Uœ¸≠?C. AAfiIa¸Ue≠ UAEo?Ø˘˙ UAA≠A ˚U, AAa√C¨˚?˙. AEU AA?Ce? a÷fl eGI A AAe˝ˇ AAI C￢¤ '˝ˇ AA?Ce? A?÷E AAEUAO￠ †≥a TMAfl '¸?C ˚e√Ea ˚≥I￠ A IiE, AAIA ¸?˙.
UAA÷ACI AA^IO AA≤e?ⓒAO AEoE IO eUo¸?Ci AAGUAO¸O AOe?C‡ ˚Aⓒ AAa≥¸√?˙. AAeUo¸?Ci eEfl ?≠Aa˘˙ AA≠oCa IO aCAIØ˚ⓒ AAⓒA¸E ?´A ˚Iⓒ‡ AA∑≠A¸?˙. œ¸≠ AEU AA?√¸≠˘˙ AAEIU¨ AAI÷ªE?˙. AAIAEUICi IO AAE≤Efi˝ˇ AAe≠ IUoCi A√C??˙ AAeA≠¡ UIAⓒI (AAE≤Efi¸?˙) AA≠A ˚U AIUoCi AAeA≠¡ †UI IAEUICi (RAS) AA UA˝ˇ AAIeªCΩ AGⓒ 0043C a°¸n AAI°IUI AA?Ce? IU ˚E ˚eUA'¤ eªI¸I eI IO AAE≤Efi¸?˙.
AEoE IO eUo¸?Ci UAA÷ACI AA^IO AA≤e?ⓒAO U∫¸COe? aCA?Ce? AAA C˚?˙ UAAIE°GCi AA∑°O UAEo?Ø˘˙ AAa√C¨˚Ci ≤U˛ e≥e?ⓒO A e°´˚≠: ?ⓒ 'G?. ?´A AA?Ce? IU ˚E IO AAIAeIⓒ˘˙ AE≤e?ⓒAO ˚Ui ˛ˇ æICU AEU eªⓒ˚¤ AE˛ˇ ANa√CI ANA˝ˇ IAeIⓒ˘˙ œ¸≠ AE§≠˛ AEOUAŒ AE˛ˇ A≤e?ⓒAO §√≠|A. TMAfl ˚∑fiE U?ⓒ AA?Ce?, AE˝ ˚ √a¤ AAU†ⓒ˘˙. AEoØAa a÷fl eGI ANA˝ˇ AA´?Ca AE¸fl AAN∫E￡, aCEAICI AAG¸CO AAø≠U¨˛ˇ IO ˚ªa￠ A ⓒIC AE†ⓒ AAIUi?E¸O AA?ⓒI?˙ ' ˝ˇ A ?´˘ ? A´Afl.
AA?Ce? IGa￥ e--√¸?˙ aⓒUU †G¸a?˙ AEU o¸a '˝ˇ ANTMA AIE?˙ (IiE AAIAⓒO¸?˙ AAEo≥CO ee≥aa 'Gⓒ AA√C??˙), eU∫¸E (≤O AOI ?I AA?Ce?. AO≠˘˙ ?ª≠ '˝ˇ aUμ) AEU U¨? I∑afl AEU IAⓒO¸?˙ A≤e?ⓒAI?. AⓒO A ⓒ AAIGa￥ ae--√¸?˙ ?Ce?; ˚Ui ˛ˇ ?ⓒ ?´A AEU †¸n IC˚fi≠UU˚?, '≠U '˝ˇ AA?Ce? aUæO ?Ii AEaⓒA| ? A ? eGI AAa√C¨˚?˙. AO÷oC¨ ANA˝ aUæO AA?√CE Ie?ªº. ' ˝ˇ UIE°GCe? AA?Ce? ∫¸CO?˙ ˚eUA˝ AEU ˚oa '˝ˇ ANa√CI ANA˝ UaCAeCA˝ˇ †UA o U?UŒ ANA˝ ˚Ui ˛ˇ ?ⓒ AAª¸CO?˙ AEU AAe≠?¸a AAøICU. eCA? AEeE?.
UAA÷ACI AA^IO AA≤e?ⓒAO AEoE IO eUo¸?Ci AANAfie≠UO¸?˙ AAEo?Ø˘˙ ˚Uii≠ ?ⓒ IIC (AAe∑Uπ) AEeⓒA§E eeA≠¡ ?ⓒ AAI°IUA?˙ AA?UAe? oI¸O AAE Aa. AE˝ AA√a¸?˙ AAEo?Ø˘˙ IO aCAG≠a AAI°IUI e≥e?ⓒO e «¸I o?CÆ 'U? AA?Ce? UæO eo a a´Afl. IUA'G?˙ AE˝ AA°ªUI AAAEU˛ˇ. AAo¸a '˝ˇ UæA? IiE AAGEa, æ≠aCi ?Ce÷fl UU A ? ?ⓒ ? AA≥IA¸?˙ AAU≤COE aA¿ eA≠¡ ANA˝ AAI°IUA?˙ AA?UAe? eUi ˛ˇ AEe∑Uπ. AAI≥CAⓒ˘˙ AEo?Ø˘˙ AE˝ AAa≥¸? AAeⓒA§E ˚Uii≠ a√C??˙ U/AEU AA?Ce? ≤≠??˙ AEU 'GⓒAU eI ANTMA ?ⓒ UAAfiIa¸Ue≠.
AAEA--CO e÷o¸≠ I C￢¤ AOea? AAe÷o¸≠. aAIE¸Ci AAG¸CO AEi Ca AA?Ce? e≥e?ⓒO A ?UAO¸O. AEU AUAO￠ AE˛ˇ aCeaCŒ U?I a?C, AAI≥IU￡ AE°ⓒU AE∂eACI AAGCaE?˙ AAEIC?O e≥e?ⓒI? A I°√Ci UA aCAU?U . AAeØU A§E AA?Ce? e≥e?ⓒO AAfi¸I¸CO¸?˙. AAIUA AEU AAU?U IO aCAG≠a AAIUA AEU AE∂eACI AAGCaE?˙ AA≥UAOE AEU AA--CÆAi e?Ø˚O AEU a GE eGI AAI°IUI ?Ce÷fl a?C ˚Uoⓒ AAe˝ˇ AA≥¸C¨˘˙ IGªU¨˘˙ '˝ˇ AAIe÷o≠˘˙ a?. AA?C∫?˙ UAAIE°GCi A ? ? AA√CO≠˘˙ IeO AE˝ AA√CO≠Ai.
UAA÷ACI AA^IO AA≤e?ⓒAO AEoE IO eUo¸?Ci ￢U˚E?˙ ÆI ¸?˙ A÷e≠˘˙ A≤e?ⓒAI?C AⓒO †CI '˝ˇ AAa√C¨˚?˙ ∂°O AEAⓒ AE≤e?ⓒAO. AAGCaE¸?˙ 'e≠˘˙ AØ˚C ˘˙ '˝ˇ e≥e?ⓒI? ˚GEE IO A UA AAIaC∂≠ AA∑I￥ AøUa AAa√C¨˚?˙ ∂C†O eA≠¡ AAI¸C˘. U¨Ai IiE AA≠￢Ua?˙, ACA¸?˙ AEIC?O ?ⓒ TMAfl AEU AAaC¨ ˘˙, AEU AA°C¨˘˙ AAEIC?O '˝ˇ AAa√C¨˚?˙ ee≠‡ AE AO?C. A AA∑afi?˙ ?´A AAI≥e?ⓒO A¸E '˝ˇ AAIUæ°?˙ UAAUΔCO? ? ? ? §ⓒI?˙ AA?ⓒICi aA¿ ? AA∂e≠A‡. AEU AA∑afi?˙ AE˝ eAeIⓒ AA∑afi?˙ I∑--E I≠AoA?˙ AA≠oCa ?Ce÷fl. '˝ˇ AE≤e?ⓒAO IeC†?˙ A∂e≠A?fl.
AAI°eU˚Ci O«≠˘˙ AA?Ce?................................................................... AEoØAa ACI? 51 51 .................................................... 71 ................................................. 81 ............................................................... 81 ............................................................. AAICI¸?˙ AA?Ce? UAo??˙ ? AE?Ce? AA?C¨o˝ˇ AA?¸fiE ? AAI÷Ce¸￠ U∫? AA°≠Uy I÷Ce¸￠ ? AA∑C∂?˙ IAEUICi 91 ....................................................
AAI°eU˚Ci 23 AAU∫UI.................................................................... ¨IUÆ AE¨?CO) ANA˝ (4 1NIP ¨IØ AE¨?CO) 8 ANA˝ (4 2NIP ¨IØ AE¨?CO) 8 ANA˝ (4 1KUP ¨IØ 2KUP ¨IØ 8 (4 ANA˝ AE¨?CO) AE¨?CO) 8 ANA˝ (4 AA°IC˚?˙ ¨IØ 23 ................................................. 8 23 .................................................. ? 23 ................................................ ? 23 ................................................ 23 ..............................................
4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAI ≥¤ 4-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AAE≤ICa 4-2] [AAGCOI?˙ AAIoⓒUI 4-3] [AAGCOI?˙ AAI´?≠˘˙ 4-4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAeGU˚I ANAⓒA 44 ......................................................... 44 .................................................... ? 94 .................................................. ? 05 ................................................... ? 15 ............................................. ? 25 ......................................................... 25 ............................
AAI°eU˚Ci 48 48 98 8] [AAGCOI?˙ §ⓒICi 8-1]..................................................... [AAGCOI?˙ AANOe≠Oi 8-2] [AAGCOI?˙ MIS a√C??˙ §ⓒI?˙ ........................................................... ? 09 .................................................... 19 .................................................... 19 39 69 69 ? ........................................ AA≤eA≠A¡ AEi Ca ?COI?˙ ? 9] [AAGCOI?˙ I: Ø4A?˙ IE÷Ci 9-1]........................................................
AA?Ce? AEoØAa AAICI¸?˙ AA?Ce? UAo??˙ AATMU ≤ICA?˙ 1 AA≠O¸≥¸?˙ IeAⓒ ˘˙ 2 DCL ∂C∂?˙ 2. AAN∂C¨˘˙ ?U˘˙ AAAEU˛ˇ: AAoØa UI≥eU˛ 1. ? UUΔCO? AAa√C¨˚?˙ AA§e¸C¨ I÷Ce¸￠ IUi∂≠Ai AA≥÷E˝ˇ: AAoØa ? UAA°≠Uy AAE¨?CO I÷Ce¸￠ AA¨?CO AE §E AAOe«C¨: UæO '˝ˇ AE˝ aC≤eI≠A¨ Aæ--? AEeªCI 0 AAⓒUA¸?˙ AAIfiCAICi AAa≠˚ⓒ aª ⓒU? AeªE 1 afl AA?CΩ AAªUe˝ˇ 3. ? - - 3 AA≥≠˚O AAeªCI 4 AAE¨?CO AE §E 6 I≥eU˛ 2 AAe°≠˚≠: UæO '˝ˇ AAEaoⓒ˚?˙ UAA°≠Uy 4. AAfiCI¸≠A Aⓒ≤?˙ 5. AAoCOa¸?˙ AAI÷Ce¸￠ 6.
AA?Ce? AAe GE I÷eC￡ 1. AAOe«C¨: UæO '˝ˇ ?COI?˙ ˙:?ª¸≠˘ A÷e≠˘˙ AAø--? 1 AEoØAa 23 ? U AAI÷øEi A¸E ?COI?˙ ?ª¸≠˘˙: A÷e≠˘˙ AAø--? D AA?Ce? ?COI?˙ ?ª¸≠˘˙: A÷e≠˘˙ AAø--? R AA≠≤COE AAEUæCŒ ?COI?˙ ?ª¸≠˘˙: A÷e≠˘˙ UæO e ∑¸? aC≤eI≠A¨: AAø--? 465 8 7 L AAø--? AA?eØAÆ UAEE≤÷E AEEAE˝ AA∑C∂?˙. AAOeGCI AAGCOI?˙: '˝ˇ ? AAeCE?¸ⓒ I÷eC￡ 2. AA§e¸C¨ I÷Ce¸￠ 3. AE≤÷E ANA¸?C AAI∑C¨ aCAUΔ¸÷?˙ eGUO AAI÷Ce¸￠ ?´˘ ? 3PM 3PM. IE? I÷eC￡ ae∑--¸E AAIU≤¸G˝ ANA˝ AA≤eICŒ 4. AAN¨≤CI I÷eC￡ 5.
AE?Ce? AA?C¨o˝ˇ AA?¸fiE AA¸ⓒ †ØAO 'e°?˙ AAa√C¨˚?˙ AA≠AEμ ≤ICA?˙ IGa￥ MIS AAfiCaE/ eU∫¸E I ÷´ AAa√C¨˚?˙ ∂C†O eU∫¸E I ÷´ ACI? O«≠˘˙ 17 a√C??˙ eoU˚?
AAI÷Ce¸￠ U∫? AA°≠Uy I÷Ce¸￠ I?eE÷?˙. ¨IUÆ AN §CI AAI÷Ce¸￠ ?´˘ IO I÷eC￡ ?E AE˝ ˚E˝ˇ. AAø--? ˚IfiO '¸IC IUæ°?˙ U?˝ˇ AAU∫? AAI÷eC￡ ! @ .?:,!;" .
AA∑C∂?˙ IAEUICi ˚E˝ˇ. '¸IC IUæ°?˙ U?˝ˇ I?eE÷?˙. ¨IUÆ|A AA∑C∂?˙ eA≠¡ AA∑C∂?˙ AE˝ e«?≠ AAU∫? AA∑afi?˙. AN∂C¨˘˙ ?U˘˙ Iⓒ˛ Afl AAe˝ˇ AA≠IUÆ AA≠IØ/AAIUi∂≠ ˚Uæ￠ AAeªCI. oC¨˛ˇ SRPG. §ⓒI?˙ AAeoUAI. ANTMA ?´A - IfiCAICi §ⓒI?˙ A≤e?ⓒAO ˚Ifi fl e≥e?ⓒO AEOfl Afl ˚Uæ￠ ANo≠Aa AA≤e?ⓒAO ?¸ⓒ AA?√¸O AE†ⓒ AA?√¸O. a?ⓒI?˙ I∑e≠?|C ? i Ue∑--¸E?. AAI a? æa? eI AAa√C¨˚?˙. a°CA?˙ ˚÷¸ⓒ‡ Oª¸?˙. ¨≤CA?˙ A≤eEIi ∫Ue¸?˙. ¨≤CA?˙ A≤eEIi AAI?CO. oⓒUI A≠¡ ˚Ifi fl IE†«?˙ A∑C∂?˙ IAEUCi 19 ANTMA AA∑afi?˙.
AA∑C∂?˙ IAEUICi AAU∫? AAUæO. '˝ˇ 'G? AA≠IØ/AAIUi∂≠ A?eØAÆ ?COI?˙ AAN≤e?ⓒAO. ?¸ⓒ AAACO AAUæO AAUæO. '˝ˇ AAI≠e÷A?˙ AA --I?˙ ?COI?˙ AAUæO '˝ˇ ∫CIi ?COI?˙ AAUæO. '˝ˇ AA≠AEμ ≤ICA?˙ ?COI?˙ AAIfiCAICi. e°U˚E ˚Ifi fl (PAW). ∂afi? ANA˝ˇ AA?Ce? U∫UI ANA˝ˇ ˚∑¸≠ SRPG.
AAe≠?¸a AA?Ce? Ua√C¨˚?˙ MIS a√C??˙ e≠?¸a AAa√C¨˚?˙. œ√Ca AOØŒ AAa√C¨˚?˙. OØŒ ?aE AA?Ce? e∑--¸E AN˚GCy IO 1 eCE?ⓒ IE†«?˙ §EE †ⓒUo ANA˝ˇ ˚Ui ˛ˇ ?ⓒ AAe∑--¸E ?¸ⓒ U?U AA?Ce? IO AAa√C¨˚?˙ AN§≠Ao aCA?Ce?. AAa√C¨˚?˙. aCN§≠Ao ?I †CU˚e?C.
AAe≠?¸a MIS. a√C??˙ ae≠?¸a ?I 3 AA°CIE '˝ˇ MIS a√C??˙ æO AA°CIE. '˝ˇ MIS a√C??˙ aCN §CI ?I MIS a√C??˙ a∑fiE ∫°¸￠ AN §CI IO AAeCE?ⓒ ˚oa A?C. AAI?ªº AEE≤÷E. IUo??˙ aCAa√C??˙ AAIUoU ˘˙ AA´?a¸?˙ AAeU∫¸E I √G?˙ UAEU AAeoC˘ '˝ˇ UAo´a?C a≠'¤ AE≤÷E Aæ--? MIS, a√C??˙ AN§≠Ao AAAfi≥˝ˇ. MIS a√C??˙ AN§≠Ao MIS a√C??˙ AN §CI e a¸? AO a≥?UA?˙ MIS Aa√C??˙ AAIAⓒO¸?˙ AAeU∫¸E †C'?˙ eE? AAIIfiO IO AAeACIE AEi Ca MIS Aa√C??˙ §C∫?˙ A C˚?˙ a´I ˚oa AA?ⓒπ. ￢≠˚¤ MIS. a√C??˙ IO AAI≠'G?˙ AAeAE¸ICi AeaO IA?C.
AAa√C¨˚?˙. ae≠?¸a ?I AEUA| 4 AAa√C¨˚?˙ IO AA≥÷E˝ˇ AAoØa AE §E †CU˚?˙ IO AA≥÷E˝ˇ AA√≠y '˝ˇ IO AAAEU˛ˇ AAoØa A 'O AAa√C¨˚?˙. '˝ˇ e≥eG≠ †e˝ AEE≤÷E AAa√C¨˚?˙ IfiCO?C. ANA˝ AAa√C¨˚?˙ œ√Ca AEAⓒ AA?Ce? '˝ˇ aIfiCO? AAa√C¨˚?˙ œ√Ca æO ?÷E ∫Ui" "≤ICŒ †e˝ UA 'A? IfiCO?. 5 AAIØAo. AAa√C¨˚?˙ ∂°O aCA?Ce?. AA≥÷≠ I?C˚˝i eU∫¸E ?aE AAa√C¨˚?˙ e≠?¸a AA?Ce?.
AAe≠?¸a AA≠O¸≥˝ˇ. AAe¸C¨ aIGa￥ AA≥÷≠ I?C˚˝i IO AA^§≠ AA√≠y ∫E AA?Ce?. aAaU˘˙ AAI≠'¤ AA∑°O o?CÆ ≤U˛ e≥e?ⓒO A A?eICI aAⓒ AA°≠??˙ AO AAIe°≠??˙ AAa√C¨˚?˙ ∂°O AE∂≠￢?˙ ≤eeU?? AA∑°O. AIE¸?˙ 3 4 e a¸? eE? ANA˝ TMAfl ˚Ui ˛ˇ ?ⓒ †¸n I ÷´ AAeU∫¸E, AE˝ aGU˘˙ eø--? A AA∑°O. o?CÆ aCA°CO?. AAe¸C¨ ICE§´ U/AEU AA?Ce? '˝ˇ AIU ˚|C AAa√C¨˚?˙ ∂C†O aCN §CI ?I I°UI 'C≤e?ⓒO aEⓒ‡, §C¨o AAa√C¨˚?˙ ∂C†O e≥e?ⓒO ? i ANTMA ∫°¸°?˙. e?¸U?˙ AEoE IO IE°¤ eU∫¸E AA?Ce?.
AA∑°O o?CÆ 'ªE ?U ?IC AeaⓒAE 25 AAoCOa¸?˙ AAEƨA¨ AE˝ aCAø--? AA?Ce? AO AA≥÷≠ I?C˚˝i A'ªE AA∑fiE.
AE¸?C UAA≠ AAIfiCAICi ANo≠Aa IfiCAI?˙ AE†ⓒ †´y '˝ˇ ¨œai ANTMA AAI √G?˙. ¨IØ IeøI |C AA?Ce? ¨?I AE §E C. AE˝ 'Cæ--? AAE¨?CO, AA≠?I. A√Ea AAIfiCAI?˙. ANO?Ca 1 S AE˝ Aæ--? 2 E AE˝ Aæ--? 3 AAⓒUA¸?˙ AAⓒUA˝ˇ. ANo≠Aa AAIfiCAICi AAaC O?˙ AAE¨?CO AN §CI 0 AAI÷eC￡ AE˝ AA≤eI≠A¨ IO Aæ--? AAeªCI a≠IØ "+ AA°≠y A≤eaⓒAI ˚IfiO AAⓒUA¸?˙. AEeªCAi 1 AE §E 2 Aæ--? 3 " AA?Ce?. ¨?I iI AAI √G?˙ ¨IØ iI AAⓒUA?˙ S. ¨IØ AE˝ A¸E aC≤e?ⓒAO IfiCAI?˙ ANo≠Aa [AAE≤ICa]. > AE˝ Aæ--? AAOe«C¨, UæO '˝ˇ 1 AA?Ce? <.
AAIfiCAI?˙ AAIfiCAI?˙ UoU AEi Ca AAGCOI?˙ ANΔ?C¨ AEi Ca AA?Ce? ≤ICA?˙ ∂C∂?˙ AE˝ e«?≠ AAe˝ˇ AAGCOI?˙ e?eE? AEi Ca ANA¸?C AAU∫UI ˚eI AAe˝ˇ AA'e≠Aæ¸?˙ AA≠O¸≥¸?˙ AAGCOI?˙ AO AAOe«C¨. UæO '˝ˇ AA?Ce? AAIfiCAI?˙ AEi Ca AAGCOI?˙ I÷eC￡ AE˝ aCAø--? AAeCA¸?˙ AAGCOI?˙ AEi Ca 1 ANA˝ AAU∫UI ˚Ifi fl AAIfiCAI?˙: AAIfiCAI?˙. AEi Ca AAªUi I≥eU˛ Ae--¸¸≠ AAªUi: I≥eU˛ AA°CA¸?˙. AAIfiCAI?˙ AeAE¸¤ eAE¸¤: AAoC¨˚?˙. AAIfiCAICi oI¸O ANO?Ca AAIfiCAICi: ANO?Ca AA≠≤COE. ?COI?˙ ANA˝ AEU∫UI AA≠≤COE: FMTD.
AAIfiCAI?˙ AEi Ca AAGCOI?˙ IfiCAIe¸O Aæ--? AEU eaⓒ˚E †ⓒ iI [§¸C¨Ai], < †ⓒ a¸O ANΔ?C¨ AAeaⓒ˚E IfiCAIe¸O, [AN¨≤CI]. S 1-3 AEeaⓒ˚E I÷eC￡ AE˝ a¸O AAE≤C≤¸?˙ AAIfiCAI?˙ ?˝ˇ AAIfiCAIe¸O AN†ⓒ˛ oAE ˚Ifi fl ANO?Ca '˝ˇ ¨œai ANTMA AEE≤÷E. / AEEAE˝ AA≥?I I÷eC￡ AE˝ aCAø--? UTMAfl AE˝ Aæ--? iI ANO?CUi?C, AAI√EUa AAIfiCAI?˙ '°ⓒ AAIfiCAIe¸O, AN†ⓒ˛ [ANO?Ca]. E AAI÷eC￡ UA¨ ˘˙ IfiCAI?˙ AE˝ AA≠ S I÷eC￡ AE˝ Aæ--? AA?Ce?, ¨O¸O aIo≠ 1-4 UA¨ ˘˙ IfiCAI?˙ AE˝ AE≠ [AN¨≤CI].
AAI¸fi≠U'UU ∫Ui ?eI 1-6 I÷eC￡ AE˝ aCAø--? AAIfiCAI?˙ AEi Ca AAI¸fi≠U'UU ∫Ui ?eI ˚Ifi fl AA?Ce? ∫Ui ?eI ANA--Ca ˚IfiO AAªUi. ?eI e°ⓒ˚ⓒ iI [§¸C¨Ai], < AAªUi]. ?eI [ANA--Ca < AE˝ aCAø--? AEOfl ANA ∫Uefl, ≤ICŒ AEIeªE ˚IfiO AEi Ca AAIfiCAI?˙ ?Ce÷fl A ?eI ˚eI A ⓒIC ≤ICA?. AE˝ ?C ¨|A e«E AA?Ce?, ∫Ui FMTD O--ICi AoAE AAIfiCAI?˙, AEi Ca e∑--¸E 1-7 FMTD O--ICi Ae∑--¸E e∑--¸E iI [§¸C¨Ai], < †ⓒ IiE|, AAEUeUICe¸fi¸?˙ AAI÷Ce¸￠ AU†?˙ AA√≠˚G?˙. a ÷￥ FMTD O--ICi e∑--¸E AN˚GCy ˚IfiO FMTD.
AAIfiCAI?˙ AEi Ca AAGCOI?˙ iCO¸?˙ TMAfl, ANo≠Aa AN†ⓒ˛ ANo≠AOfl AEi Ca iCO¸?˙ AAIfiCAICi. AAIfiCAI?˙ ANo≠Aa A ⓒ S[AN¨≤CI]. AE˝ ANΔ?C¨ IfiCAI?˙ ANo≠Aa 2-1 IfiCAI?˙ Aæ--? ANo≠Aa ˚Ifi fl iI AAiCO˝ˇ AA≠?I AE §E AAeaⓒ˚E ˚Ifi fl eEGCO¸|C. AAOe«C¨ ?¸ⓒ AAEUA˝ AAIfiCAI?˙ UæO ˚eI AAiCO¸?˙, eaⓒ˚E.
AAE￢≠Ay IeAⓒ ˘˙ IfiCAI?˙ ANo≠Aa AEi Ca §C∫?˙ IfiCAI?˙ ANo≠Aa 2-8 §C∫?˙ IfiCAI?˙ AE†ⓒ AAI∑C¨?¸O AAIeªE¸O IO ANo≠Aa '˝ˇ '˝ˇ e≠œa AA´˛ˇ aCAIeªE AA?CΩ AA≠?I aA≠¡ ?I AAE￢≠Ay, IeAⓒ ˘˙ IeAⓒ ˘˙ iI <[§¸C¨Ai], †ⓒ iI AA∑C∂?˙, AE˝ I°C ie? AAOe«C¨. ?¸ⓒ AA^§≠˚O AAIeªE¸O ?E AUæO §CΩ AAE￢≠Ay/ AAIfiCAI?˙ AAE￢≠Ay IfiCAI?˙ '˝ˇ †CA¸|C ¨?I? ˚«?≠ AA´˛ˇ AAIeªE IfiCAI?˙ AAE￢≠Ay/ IeAⓒ ˘˙ IfiCAI?˙ ANO?Ca IeAⓒ ˘˙ E[ANO?Ca].
AAU∫UI ¨IUÆ Aeo a AAG≥I ?´A '˝ˇ AAIUæ°?˙ AAU∫UI ¨IUÆ A≤e?ⓒAO ˚Ifi fl AAU∫UI ¨IUÆ e--¸¸≠ ˚IfiO A?Ce÷fl. a? AAI≥IU￡ œ¸≠ AA≤e?ⓒAO 7-5-5]. [AAGCOI?˙ aC≤e?ⓒAO 2KUP) AE¨?CO) U KUP 8 ¨IØ˛ˇ (aC≤ei Ca ANA˝ (4 1NIP ¨IØ AA≤eAICI IO MIS a√C??˙ AA∑?ª˝ˇ) AAeA≠˚? (¨?I NIP ¨IØ ˚°I˝ˇ NIP ¨IØ æa? A ⓒ MIS. aa√C??˙ AC ˘˙| KUP ¨IØ ˚≠'¤ AAI≠§º œ¸≠ ˚eI I≠˘˙ ?E '˝ˇ NIP ¨IØ aCN §CI AA?Ce? ≤¸√CAafl e∑--¸E, AE˝ AN˚GCy AE˝ NIP ¨IØ æa? 'A ⓒ AA G¸¿, UAE˝ '¸?C.
AAGUAOI ≤E≥E?˙ ≤≠ 4AAI ≥¤ AAE≤ICa 1 AAIoⓒUI AAI´?≠˘˙ AAeGU˚I ANAⓒA §ªCOº 'G? ∫CIi 2 3 ACO 4 AA≠≤COE IeAⓒ ˘˙ AGCOI?˙ A˝ AN AU∫I 33 1 2 ACI AA≠AEμ ?ª¸≠˘˙ ¨≤CA?˙ ?eCa?˙ U≤CO? ¨≤CA?˙ ?eCa?˙ A?eØAÆ 1 2 AAUA¨ ∫ ⓒU? AAªC ¨ ∫ ⓒU? I≥U Ai 3 AAªUe˝ˇ AAa≠˚ⓒ ≤ICŒ AAIAEUICi §ⓒI?˙ 6 OICTMo AANAⓒA Ai 8 4 5 7 1 3 ∫Ui 4 ≤ICACi 5 5 AAIfiCAICi ≤oE 2 AE¸?C ˚≠ AI IfiCAICi I≥eGaE?˙ IfiCAICi I√EUa?˙ IfiCAICi AA°ⓒ˚i?˙ AAIfiCAICi 1 2 3 †´y 4 AAIfiCAICi I°C≤a?˙ 5 SRPG IAEUICi 6 9 AE UAi AA°
AAGUAOI ≤E≥E?˙ ≤≠ §ⓒICi 8 AANOe≠Oi MIS* a√C??˙ AAfiCI¸≠A 1 ∫U¨˘˙ AAeGC? 1 §ⓒI?˙ 2 I: Ø4A?˙ IE÷Ci 6 AAEOIC? †≥a AAeGC? 2 IeUA∫E AAeGC? 3 AEAaUO 4 AANAⓒA Ai 5 9 3PM 1 AEAACa 2 AAªU¨ 3 AAE∫UAi 4 UAAIØ˚ⓒ AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ eAeIⓒ a√C??˙ AE˝ eGⓒI?C AAe˝ˇ UAA?ⓒICi MIS AA∑afi?˙.
1] [AAGCOI?˙ §ªCOº AEE†ⓒAo Ue?ª¸ª?C AA?Ce? O--ICi æa? ˚Ifi fl AAGCOI?˙; ?´˘ AAI?eE÷?˙. U UAAEoUAa < AE˝ Aæ--? 1 R A≤e?ⓒO AEU AAIaC∂≠ AEU∫UI 1 AE˝ Aæ--? 2 §UI AE˚ø|C ˚Ifi fl AAOe«C¨. UæO '˝ˇ 3 AAOe«C¨. UæO '˝ˇ [AAGCOI?˙] L. '˝ˇ L AAI÷eC￡ AE˝ aCAø--? IaC∂≠˘˙ AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ 1-1] [AAGCOI?˙ 'G? A?eØAÆ UæO e∑--¸E ANA˝ A†eoi ANTMA 'G?, A?eØAÆ AE˝ AAUæO æa? ˚Ifi fl ∫CIe?˙. AEU aCA?eØAÆ ANIC AAe a¸? AEOUAŒ ?E efiUU AAUæO, ?´A '˝ˇ AA?eØAÆ. 1-2] [AAGCOI?˙ ?C ˛i.
1] [AAGCOI?˙ §ªCOº IE†«?˙ e∑--¸E?˙ ˚IfiO AAETMU AA≥ICA?˙ æa? A˚ªE §CΩ æa? AIE aCAIfiCU AEO? ?IC aCAo?CÆ AA≥ICA?˙ AEE≤÷E. AAo?CÆ aCa 'e￠ AE?ªCOº A ⓒ 'G? ? 1-x-1] [AAGCOI?˙ e ∑¸? AAI°ⓒ . AAUæO e ∑? 1-x-2] [AAGCOI?˙ §CΩ æa? A?eØAÆ aC≤ei Ca AE OC˘ AAIUæ°?˙ AA÷≠A¸?˙ AAGUAOI AE˝ ˚°eU˛ˇ I ?C ?E AAªCIi. UAAUæO 'G? AAUA¨ AAe a¸? OUŒ ANA˝ UIC A?eØAÆ, AEU ¨O¸O IiE AAUA¨ ˘˙, AEIfiCAICi AAe a¸? OUŒ e°ⓒ˚ⓒ ee¸￠ AA≤e?ⓒAO. a¸U?˙ A¸ C≤a TMAfl, AA≠O¸O O--I?˙ AA≤e?ⓒAO.
AAI÷Ce¸￠ AA≤e?ⓒAO. a¸U?˙ A¸ C≤a AAI÷Ce¸￠ AU†?˙ ∫Ui I≥eU˛ AAI÷Ce¸￠ AA≤e?ⓒAO. a¸U?˙ Ae C≤a AAI÷Ce¸￠ AU†?˙ ¨o?˙ O--I?˙ e°ⓒ˚ⓒ 'e￠ ee¸￠ O--I?˙ a¸U?˙ Ae C≤a AA--√Ca O--I?˙ æa? Afl ee¸￠ AAe∑--¸E/AAN˚GCy AA≤e?ⓒAO. æa? ee¸￠ ∫Ui AA--√Ca AA≤e?ⓒAO. O--ICi A ⓒ AAªUi ¨o?˙ a¸U?˙ A¸ C≤a AAIUii≠ ∫Ui I≥eU˛ æa? ee¸￠ AAe∑--¸E/AAN˚GCy A¸ C≤a e∑--¸E? UAN˚GCy AA?Ce? e∑--¸E A ⓒ AAªUi ¨o?˙ ∫Ui I≥eU˛ æa? ee¸￠ AA≤e?ⓒAO.
2] [AAGCOI?˙ AAIfiCAICi ≤oE 2-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AE¸?C ˚≠ AI IfiCAICi ˚Ifi fl IUi§≠|A. AE¸?C ˚≠ AI AAe˝ˇ AAIfiCAICi AE¨?CO AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ eA≠¡ a?C. AA?CΩ UAAU?i AAeC¨˚¶ UA≠¡ U†÷«?C AAE¨?CO a?´˘ AAeªCI 2-2] [AAGCOI?˙ I≥eGaE?˙ IfiCAICi ˚Ifi fl IUi§≠|A. A≤eEI?C eI AAe˝ˇ AAIfiCAICi AE¨?CO AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ eA≠¡ a?C. AA?CΩ UAAU?i AAeC¨˚¶ UA≠¡ U†÷«?C AAE¨?CO a?´˘ AAeªCI 2-3] [AAGCOI?˙ I√EUa?˙ IfiCAICi AAeªCI ˚Ifi fl IUi§≠|A. AAªC ¨˘˙ AAIfiCAICi AE¨?CO AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ eA≠¡ a?C.
[e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < AE˝ Aæ--? iI AAIfiCAI?˙, Iⓒ˘˙ AeI¸¸Ø AOeGE 3 U?E IfiCAI?˙ A§≠ AAeCA¸?˙: AA?I￥ AA÷≠A¸?˙ AAGUAOI AAfiE. æa? UANAC ˘˙ I√EUa?˙ UIfiCAICi I≥eGaE?˙ UIfiCAICi AAIfiCAICi 2-5-2] [AAGCOI?˙ AAIfiCAI?˙ U?E AAE§¸≠˘˙ AAIfiCAI?˙ efiE÷?˙ IA≠'?˙ æa? ANAC ˘˙ AAefiE÷?˙. ?´˘ Afl AAUΔ¸÷?˙ ANIfiCO¸?˙ ee¸￠ æa? UANAC ˘˙ AAIeaG˝ˇ UAA≠∫¸ⓒ AAIfiCAICi 2NIP. ¨IØ AAOe«C¨.
2] [AAGCOI?˙ AAIfiCAICi ≤oE IE†«?˙ AE˛ˇ ANo≠Aa aCANIfiCU ˚fiUU AO ˚eI A ⓒIC AAU†ⓒAi, ?E A≤e?ⓒAO ¨IØ AN §CI ANA˝ ≤e°eCo AA√UA¨˛i. IfiCAICi ≤U˛ IfiCAICi MIS. a√C??˙ AE˝ a Ca| UTMAfl AAefiCA¸?, †ⓒU Aøa? 2NIP ? AA≠∫¸ⓒ æa? ? efiE÷?˙ e°ⓒ˚ⓒ ANIfiCO¸?˙ AA∑afi?˙ eGⓒI?C AAe˝ˇ AA?ⓒI?˙ ?´˘ Afl ee¸￠ '≥¸eI ?≠Aa˘˙, †ⓒ i ANTMA I°ⓒ ˘˙. ∂°O U†ⓒAi aC≤e?ⓒAO IfiCAICefl e--¸¸≠ '≥¸Ifi fl e--¸¸≠, †ⓒ i ANTMA AAIeaG¸?˙. AAU†ⓒAi A≠¡ †ⓒ Aⓒ AA∑°O.
3] [AAGCOI?˙ AE UAi 3-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AA°C≤a?˙ ÷: x, -, +, IiE AAG¸C≤¸?˙ AAUΔCO? AE˝ e°eU˛ˇ UAAG≥I?˙ UAAø≠a UAA√≠￡ AAoIO AAE¨?CO. I÷Ce¸￠ aC≤e?ⓒAO AAE¨?CO AE §E 1 AEI?˙ Ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ AAe GE I÷eC￡ A≤e?ⓒO 2 AAE¨?CO. AE §E iI AA e¸o?˙. AA≠¡ [Oe¸o?˙] < AE˝ Aæ--? AA≥Ca¤. AANo≠Aa Aefi≠A¨ AAE¨?CO AN §CI æa?] [ANAC ˘˙ < AE˝ Aæ--? AEICi. AEU AE¨?CO AE˛ˇ AI°U C I÷eC￡ A≤e?ⓒO ≤CAa. ¨?I AN §CI '¸IfiO #, I÷eC￡ AE˝ aCAø--? ?Ii ANTMA AN §CI '¸IfiO *, AAI÷eC￡ AE˝ aCAø--? ?Ii ANTMA TMAfl, AE˝ AEU˘˙ A∑≠˛ˇ. ¨?I [¨oUŒ].
3] [AAGCOI?˙ AE UAi 3-3] [AAGCOI?˙ AAACAI˝ˇ AAeU?¸i AAfia≠˛. AAACAI AIⓒU AE˝ aCAø--? AAU?i AI √G?˙ AA≥CACi A≠¡ AAIⓒ˚ ?˙ ˚IfiO e eI˝ˇ AAe˝ˇ L. R AAI÷eC￡ †ⓒ 1 , [æa?]. < AE˝ aCAø--? e°ⓒ ?C AAe˝ˇ AEIⓒ˚ ?˙ AA°CA˝ˇ AAU?i Aøa? 2 3-4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAªUi I≥oE ¨≤COE 01 †e˝ e≥o¸E IO AAªUe˝ˇ AAe´?¸≠ IE†«?˙ I¸Ø˘˙ eIfi fl iCO¸?˙. 02 ANA˝ e´?¸≠ IE†«?˙ ?E Iⓒ˘˙ UeªE ∫Ue¸?˙ 3-4-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AAªUe¸?˙. AAI´?≠Ai AAIeaG˝ˇ. ?COI?˙ ∫Ui '˝ ∫Ue¸?˙ I´?≠˘˙ e≥o¸E UAAU?i AAe≥o¸E ¨≤CA?˙ A≠¡ ˚eI AAe≥o¸E, [†÷»].
3-5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA --ICi IUiA? AAUΔ¸÷?˙, oⓒ˚ⓒ˘˙ O--I?˙ ANA˝ §UAfl A ⓒ e≠˚ⓒ. AAe˝ˇ AA≠O¸O A --I?˙ A°O AeCEA¸? AN §CI ?aE. IO aeCEA¸÷?C ?Ii AAe˝ˇ AA --ICi e∑--¸E ˚eI ?´˘ IUoU ˘˙. O--I?˙ e°≠˚≠ 7: (1 AAI√EUa?˙ AAIU≤¸G¸?˙ AA --ICi AE §E IC O÷´ AAIU≤¸G¸?˙, AA --I?˙ AE†≠y Aøa? ˚E˝ˇ: Iⓒ˘˙ ˚√¸E U9 AAIⓒ˘˙ ˚ Gº 8 AAIⓒ˘˙ BAGFEDC) AEU AA --I?˙ AAIU≤¸G¸?˙. AA --I?˙ Iⓒ˘˙ 1 ~ : a ÷￥ IU≤¸G¸?˙ ˚ⓒ§E 0 AA≥CaG?˙.
4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAI ≥¤ 4-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AAE≤ICa AAOe«C¨. UæO '˝ˇ [AAE≤ICa] AAOe«C¨ UæO '˝ˇ [AAGCOI?˙] > AE˝ < AE˝ Aæ--? Aæ--? AAE≤ICa, A≤e?ⓒAO AAE≤ICa, A≤e?ⓒAO AAI ≥¤. 1 2 U†ⓒ 4-1-1] [AAGCOI?˙ a°n AA?Ce?) A¸E IO (AAeªCI [AAE≤ICa]. > AE˝ AAOe«C¨, UæO '˝ˇ 1 [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < AE˝ aCAø--? Aa°n 2 AAa≠˚ⓒ A UAU AEU AA?Ce? AE¨?CO AO AAa°n e≠˚ⓒ AA´˛ˇ AA≤I AE §E AA?Ce?. A¸E AA≠¡ "?COI?˙" †ⓒ AEU a? AA?C∫?˙ AANAfie≠UO˝ˇ 3 AA≠?I AEU AA≤I IO Aæ--? AAEUI AA°≠y AN §CI ￢≠˚¤ AO IeC￡ AA÷U¨˛ˇ AAa°n A ?.
4-1-2] [AAGCOI?˙ AAUΔ¸÷?˙. TMA?≠˘˙ ?´˘ ≤A?˙ eAeIⓒ †¸O A≤e?ⓒAO ￢≠˚¤ A≤I ANæC'?˙ A¸E AN §CI ANæC'?˙ oⓒ˚ⓒ AO ?Ce? 002 ANA˝ eªE AA?Ce? TMA?≠˘˙ ≤A?˙ AN §CA|. '˝ˇ AA?ⓒI?˙. IØU AE˝ MIS a√C??˙ 02 †÷» AE˚ø|C ˚IfiO AA°≠Uy U†÷» AA?Ce? TMA?≠˘˙ †≠'|C AE≤I '˝ˇ '˝ˇ MIS. a√C??˙ AE˝ eAeIⓒ I¸Ø˘˙ AA°≠Uy Aⓒ MIS. a√C??˙ UæO '˝ˇ [AAE≤ICa] > AE˝ aCAø--? AEUA| AA?Ce? A¸E A'e￠ 1 AAOe«C¨. [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < AE˝ AEU Aæ--? A≤I ANæC'?˙ AeI¸¸Ø AOeGE AA?Ce?. AEU MIS a?C.
4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAI ≥¤ [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < AE˝ aCAø--? AAIoIUA?˙ A≤I AAAøU A≠¡ ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ?C. ?Ii AAe˝ˇ AAIoIUA?˙ AEAøCa O--I?˙ ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ Afl AAIoIUA?˙ aCAIoIUA?˙. AA?CΩ AA≠IØ ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ Afl AEAøCa Aⓒ AEA ˚Ø˚ⓒ ˚oa AE˚GUO?˙ ? 02 AO AAAøU UAA≠?I AA≤I AEU ANA AAIoIUA?˙. AEAøCa ? e≥I￠ ANæC'?˙ AEIoIUA?˙. AEAøCa ANæC'?˙ AøU|A. ? e≥I￠ AøU IoIUA?˙ ?E ? eA≠¡ AAIoIUA?˙ ¨O¸O O--I?˙ AAIoIUA?˙. AEAøCa AIfiCAICi ¨O¸O 3 †ⓒ †´y ? ?COI?˙ IO AøU A°´y AA?Ce?. A¸E '˝ˇ ˚«EU AAe≥I¸?˙ ANAC ˘˙ AAIoIUA?˙.
4-1-5] [AAGCOI?˙ AANAⓒA Ai AAOe«C¨. UæO '˝ˇ [AAE≤ICa] > AE˝ Aæ--? 1 [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < iI AANAⓒA Ai, ANA˝ AOeGE 2 †ⓒ [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < AA?Ce? AO AA´A?≠˘˙ æa? iI AA´A?≠˘˙, æa? AeI¸¸Ø AOeGE †ⓒ ≤¸≥CEAfl AN §CI, ANæC'?˙ 'A ⓒ Ie--¸≠, †ⓒ †÷«?. a√C??˙ ANA˝ AAN §CI AA?Ce? '≥¸?ØU AA?Ce?, AEU MIS i i AEU AO iI a, AO AAa°n AA?Ce? †ⓒ i ANTMA - †ⓒ i ANTMA - aCA≠?I. AEU AAA≠¡ §¸C¨Ai [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < 'G?.
4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAI ≥¤ MIS TMA?≠˘˙ ANA˝ a√C??˙ IO AAN §CI A ≥¶ : AA?Ce? ANA˝ : MIS MIS IO ? AA?Ce?. a√C??˙ ANA˝ AA?Ce? TMA?≠˘˙ IO AAN §CI A ≥¶ ANA˝ AA?Ce? IO ? MIS. 3 AAeCA¸?˙. AA÷≠A¸?˙ AAGUAOI A≠Ui˚?˙ ¨?I AE˝ AA°÷C... ˚eI AA ≥¶, A ⓒ : AA ≥¶, A ⓒ : aCAE∫E AA†e÷C... ? AAE∫E˝ˇ. AAeªCI AAeªCI ¨?I I°U ≤¸eI AA~∫E†´y ? AAE∫E˝ˇ. ¨IØ AAUΔ¸÷?˙ ?´˘ 4-1-7] [AAGCOI?˙ AAfiE I≥￠ ee√Ea UAA?Ce?. MIS a√C??˙ '˝ˇ AAN §CAi ?E A°´y AAªUi.
AA´A?≠˘˙ '˝ˇ UAAI≥e?ⓒI?˙ AA?CA¸?˙ UæO AAEIC?O Aⓒ aIA≠'?˙ AAI¸Ø˘˙ †CA?˙ ? ?´˘ Afl e≥I￠ AA?Ce?. A¸E '˝ˇ [AAE≤ICa] > AE˝ aCAø--? AEUA| AA?Ce? A¸E A'e￠ [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < AE˝ aCAø--? IAEUICi AAOe«C¨. 1 [IUA'¤]. < AE˝ 2 †ⓒ Aæ--? iI AA´A?≠˘˙, †CA?˙ MIS) a√C??˙ AE˝ MIS. a√C??˙ '˝ˇ UI≠AoAe? (a Ca| ?Ce÷˝ˇ ¨?I ¨?Ifl AA∑?ª˝ˇ ANA˝ AOeGE †÷» ? ˚Ifi fl 4-2] [AAGCOI?˙ AAIoⓒUI §C∫?˙ AE?≥CO eUoⓒ A≠¡ ˚eI AAGCOI?˙, ?´˘ eⓒ§E A ⓒIC ˚Uoⓒ ?IC AA∑C∂?˙. AEAE˝ '˝ˇ aCAeC¨˚¶ AAeGU˚I.
4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAI ≥¤ <-1] AE?ª˝. [AAGCOI?˙ 4-2- oⓒ˚ⓒ ?°ⓒ IE†«?˙ 02 †e˝ aⓒ ANæC'?˙ AIE ˚Ifi fl AAIUAA¸ⓒ oⓒUI AE §E AE˝ aCAø--? UAAe a¸? UAAefi≠A¨ AAI?I?˙ UU?i AAIUæUŒ AAI?ªª?˙. ? AAI÷Ce¸￠ 4-2-<-2] [AAGCOI?˙ A≠¡ D U AE˝ AAI?eC¨. aCA¸UO AA?C∫?˙ AAIE†«?˙ e«?≠ AEIE†«?˙, e a¸? aøa? ?Ii ANTMA AAIE†«Ci. ?UAOI A≤eA≠A¡ AE˝ aCAø--? ?Ii ANTMA AAU?i; TMAfl '˝ˇ AAI a?. A≠¡ '≥¸eI AE˝ Aæ--? aCAe÷ª¸E. AAIE†«?˙ ¨Ui˚?˙ '≥¸IfiO [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ], < e°≠˚≠?C.
4-3-<-1] [AAGCOI?˙ oⓒ˚ⓒ˘˙ ANæC'?˙ oⓒ˚ⓒ˘˙. I´?≠˘˙ 02 aøC'?˙ ˚Ifi fl 4-3-<-2] [AAGCOI?˙ A≠¡ ae≥o¸E?C. ?Ii AAe˝ˇ AAI´?≠˘˙ A≠¡ ˚Ifi fl 4-3-<-3] [AAGCOI?˙ e°≠˚≠ AAI´?≠˘˙. e°≠˚≠ ˚Ifi fl 4-3-<-4] [AAGCOI?˙ TMA?≠˘˙. ?E †´y †´y 4-3-<-5] [AAGCOI?˙ AAfiE ˚Ifi fl AA´A?≠˘˙. oI¸O †´y †´y ˚Ifi fl 4-4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAeGU˚I ANAⓒA 'C¨≤˝ˇ). ?o≠˛ˇ, (I˚E ˛ˇ, AEI≥EI¸O AAeGU˚I OUA¸?˙ ¨ A§e¸C ˚IfiO OI?˙. AAGC ƨ AEGCOI?˙. ˚O AA§e¸C¨. ˚I.
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE AA≠≤COE (§ⓒI?˙ SMS a?ⓒI?˙ e≠ea? UΔCO? AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ eeøIO AAªUe˝ˇ, UAAa≠˚ⓒ AAIeAⓒ ˘˙) AAU≤CO? ¨≤COE (§ⓒI?˙ USMM AAGª¸≠˘˙) AA∑afi?˙. ?aE IO AAI≠≤E?˙ AA?ⓒI?˙ ¨≤COE ANA˝ aCANæC'?˙ 5-1] [AAGCOI?˙ ?ª¸≠˘˙ ¨≤CA?˙ ?eCa?˙ ∫÷°Ce?C. Aⓒ IO UAAe°G¤ Ue°≠˚≠?C Oª¸?˙ ¨≤CA?˙ ?eCa?˙ ˚Ifi fl [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. < AE˝ aCAø--? AA≠≤COE AE §E ?COI?˙ 1 ANTMA 2 AE˝ AE°ªUI 9T. A≤e?ⓒO ≤?UA?˙, AE?i≠ AA º AN §CI AoAE 85). (∫÷°?˙ 9T A≤e?ⓒAO ?¸÷¸?˙ AO«≠ e÷C∫¸E, 3 ?ª¸≠˘˙.
AN¨'C? ¨IØ §C∫?˙. †≠Uy ANæC'?˙ ˚Ifi fl ∫U¨˘˙ '˝ˇ IUoU ˘˙ ∫U¨ AEU AA'e≠Aæ˝ˇ AAGª¸≠˘˙. AE≠≤COE IeC†?˙ AA°C'«?˙ IO ∫U¨ efiUU UAAe˝ˇ AA∑?ª¸?˙ IeC†?˙ efiUU AA°C'«?˙ AE∫UAi AN ¨Ao ˚Ifi I≥aG|C AAIøaU￢?˙ a≠˚ⓒ A CU˚O AEU ?UAe? AA?C∫?˙ ? AE¨?CO ANæC'?˙ ˚Ifi fl AAeU?¸O AA≠≤CA?˙. ANA˝ afl ? AA º OICTMo A≤e?ⓒAO ˚Ifi fl AAE≤ICa AAE≤ICa. '˝ˇ ANAfie≠UO˝ˇ ? fl AA º OICTMo AA?Ce?. '˝ˇ ? AN ¨Ao ˚Ifi fl AE≠≤COE ∫Ui AAGª¸≠˘˙. AE≠≤COE ? ? AAeªCI IAEUICi ANæC'?˙ ˚Ifi fl §¸C¨Ai AN¨≤CI Oª¸?˙.
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE †÷» ? "AI≥U Ai". '˝ˇ AA≠≤COE ˚°÷» AA?? AE??. ? UAA I? AA°oI e°ⓒ˚ⓒ ˚Ifi fl AAEUU ? UAA?E÷¸?˙. AEIGⓒI?˙ AAEUU e°ⓒ˚ⓒ ˚Ifi fl I°CTMA˘˙ ANA˝ AEU eU≤¸? ANA˝ AEU AA¸I¸O ANA˝ AA≠≤CA?˙ I°eU˚Ci 9T I°CTMA˘˙ ? ˚Ifi fl AA¸≥C¨. ?CIUμ ANæC'?˙ ? 'G? AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ A≠¡ ˚IfiO AA?C∫?˙. ?EICefl ANæC'?˙ ˚Ifi fl AAe aUi˛ AAUæO ?U AAe°≠˚≠ UæO ˚fiUU A ⓒIC (cbA9T/cba9T/CBA9T). 9T A--Ci 9T.
AAU≤CO? ¨≤COE OICTMo AE†ⓒ A§e¸C¨ AEU oⓒ˚ⓒ˘˙ ¨≤CA?˙ ANO∑Ca ˚Ifi fl aCA÷AE. ANAⓒA ?C eI AAe˝ˇ AAIeAⓒ ˘˙ 3 AEU ∫U¨˘˙ AEU ∫U¨˘˙ AAeGC? AEU ∫U¨˘˙ AEU ¨IØ ANæC'?˙ AN¨'C? AE˝ Aæ--? AEU AA?Ce? A¸E AEU AA º OICTMo AEU ∫Ue¸?˙ I´?≠˘˙ AEU AE≠≤COE ∫Ui AAeU?¸O. 4 §¸C¨Ai AN¨≤CI †ⓒ ? AAI≥eEI¸O, IO Aⓒ ANA˝ IeAⓒ ˘˙ U≤CO? ¨≤COE AN¨≤CI ˚Ifi fl A†G|C. AN¨≤CA?C ˚eI a°¸n A≠≤CAefl AAEUAU˚?˙ I≥eU˛ IE†«?˙ ∫ ⓒU? IoEⓒ '˝ˇ eEGCO¸|C AA≠≤COE oI¸O †÷» ˚eI AAN¨≤CI. '∑E IeC†?˙.
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE AA∑≠˚°?˙ AA°CA¸?˙. AA∑≠AO￠ †´y †´y ˚Ifi fl AA∑≠˚°?˙ e ≥¸¤ æa? AAIU?i æa? UAAªUi. UAAªU¨˘˙ UAA º AE∑≠˚°?˙ AAIU?i æa? ˚Ifi fl UAAªU¨˘˙ AA º a¸O AAeaⓒ˚E AA≠≤CA?˙. '˝ˇ UAA º AAªU¨˘˙ IfiCU eaⓒ˚E ˚Ifi fl ?´A A≠¡ ˚IfiO AA∑≠˚°?˙. 'G? AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ A≠¡ ˚IfiO ? - - AAU≤CO? ANÆAA?˙ AA?¸C¨ ? ? AE∫UAi AEU ∫U¨ ANÆAA?˙ ˚Ifi fl U≤CO?. AE˛ˇ UoU †CA?˙ '˝ˇ 'G? IO 9T ?CIUμ ANæC'?˙ AA?C∫?˙. ?EICefl ANæC'?˙ ˚Ifi fl AAe aUi˛ˇ AAUæO ?U AAe°≠˚≠ UæO ˚fiUU ? A ⓒIC (cbA9T/cba9T/CBA9T).
9T 9T ￢≠˚G?˙ Afl e≥I￠ aCN §CI '˝ˇ 'G?. UA†ⓒ˘˙ I≠˘˙ ?eCae? AAI√EUa AA°≠y I÷eC￡ AE˝ AAø--? ANA˝ oⓒ˚ⓒ˘˙ ?EICi ANæC'?˙ AE˚ø|C ˚Ifi fl IøIO ?CIUμ AE˝ TMAfl U˚AeIⓒ ANA¸?. ANA e°eCo AO 9T, A≤e?ⓒAO ?¸÷¸?˙ a≥≠A?˙. AA º 9T. ?eCa?˙ AAI÷Ce¸￠ aC≤e?ⓒAO AAfiEICi AN†ⓒ˛ ?eCa?˙ AaⓒAE UA†ⓒ˘˙ I≠˘˙ AAI÷Ce¸￠ IO I÷eC￡ ?E AE˝ Aæ--? 9. AAIiCI. ≤a¸E AE˝ {a i} AfieCa?˙ †≠y. AfiE ANA˝ 2 'G? ￢≠˚G?˙ aC≤e?ⓒAO ?EICi IO a) (a≠A˛ U) (a≠A˛ 7 158 1 159 2 1 160 1 1 i) (a≠A˛ 2 D 157 157 1 aI≠aO.
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE ¨IUÆ". "AN ¨Ao * AAI÷eC￡ AE˝ Aæ--? U†ⓒ aⓒA| AEU TMAfl: IO "e°ⓒ˚ⓒ". AE˝ UAæ--? AAI√EUa AA°≠y ∫°e?C. IO e°G¤ AAfiEI?˙, ?eCa?˙ UA?ea 0 AE˝ AAfiEI?˙ 'Cæ--? IO A ⓒIC e e?˝ˇ ∫°¸°?˙: AAfiEI?˙ †ⓒ ?COi 2 ANTMA AAeCA¸?˙. ?COi AAfiEI?˙ aCAø--? 'Ca°n ∫°¸°?˙: œ¸≠ AE˝ ANTMA I÷eC†˝ˇ AAeCA¸?˙). UAAfiEI?˙ AA≥CaG?˙ (AAfiEI?˙ D U U e≠˚ⓒ?C, ?COI?˙ AAe˝ˇ AAfiEI?˙ UoU AⓒO †CI '˝ˇ aⓒA| AEU TMAfl: IO AA?C∫?˙. ?EIefl ANæC'?˙ ˚Ifi fl Aæ--? AAe°≠˚≠ [§¸C¨Ai] < AE˝ UæO AAe aUi˛ˇ.
5-3] [AAGCOI?˙ AAUA¨ ∫ ⓒU? AAa≠˚ⓒ '˝ˇ †÷«?C ˚eI †¸n A≠≤COE. AA≠IUÆ. §EI IO A≤eEIfl A ⓒ e a¸?fl ≤¸eI AAUA¨ . ¨≤CA?˙ ?E AE˝ AAeA≠y ˚Ifi fl AAUA¨ , AAa≠˚ⓒ '˝ˇ AA≠IUÆ. eUo¸?Ci AO«≠ e÷C∫¸E, AE˝ AE°ªUI AA≠IUÆ eUo¸?Ci U≤CO? ¨≤CA?˙ ] [ ?ª¸≠˘ ¨≤CA?˙ ] [ ¨≤CA?˙ ] U≤CO? ¨≤CA?˙ ?≠Aa˘˙ ] [ [ ] [ ANAEI¸?˙ ¨≤CA?˙ ] ˘˙ U≤CO? ¨≤CA?˙ ] [ IeAⓒ ˘˙ MIS IeAⓒ ˘˙ Oª¸?˙ ¨≤CA?˙ ?≠Aa˘˙ ANAEI¸?˙ IeAⓒ [ AE¸fl '¸oa oⓒ˚ⓒ˘˙", A≠≤CA?˙ IfiCU ˚Uoⓒ "A AaC¨˘˙ AA?Ce? A≠¡ ANTMA AaC¨˘˙ AA?Ce? A≠¡ ANTMA AAUA¨ ".
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE AA≠ AAI≠≤E. ¨≤CA?˙ AE˝ AA≠ ˚Ifi fl A§≠. ￢≠y ANA˝ AAI°ⓒ ˘˙ AAeUo¸? ANAC ˘˙ AA≠≤CA?˙ eUo¸? ANAC ˘˙ ˚Ifi fl IeaC A?˙ IfiCAI?˙ aCA≠A≤E. AAeªCI IACU ˘˙ ˚Ifi fl †´y AA°CA¸?˙. AA≠≤CA?˙ †´y ˚Ifi fl A≤e?≠Ao '˝ˇ †÷«?C UAAE∫UAi AAªU¨ A≤e?≠Ao ˚Ifi fl AA?Ce?. A¸E '˝ˇ AEU †C'«e˝ˇ U≤¸eI UAA ªUΩ. AAIAEUICi A≠¡ AAI≠≤E ?A UAU AAI≥eEI?˙; AA≠≤COE †UI IAEUICi A≠¡ ˚Ifi fl UU?i AA≠≤CA?˙ UeC¨˚¶ 'G?) AAIeAⓒ ˘˙ AAU≤CO? (A≠≤COE UAAIUæUŒ UAA÷U?˙. UAAEUAU˚?˙ U†oI?C, AA≠≤CA?˙ UOUŒ AN¨≤CA?C AAfiE AA≠≤COE.
5-4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAªC ¨ ∫ ⓒU? AE≠≤COE aCA ≥a?˙ AAI≠≤E?˙. Uœ¸≠ AAI≠≤E?˙ AA≠≤COE ¨Ui˚?˙ ? C ˚Ifi fl AAe≥E¸I. †CA?˙ ¨Ui˚?˙ ˚Ifi fl AAI≠≤E?˙, AAUA¨ . AAa≠˚ⓒ '˝ˇ AA≠≤CA?˙ A≤eA≠A¡ ￢≠˚G?˙ a ÷￥ AA≤eA≠A¡ ˚eI AA≠IUÆ eUo¸?Ci AAI≠≤E?˙ SMM AAIeAⓒ ˘˙ AAU≤CO? ¨≤COE ] [ AAI≠≤E?˙ œ¸≠ SMM AAIeAⓒ ˘˙ AAU≤CO? ¨≤COE ] [ U≤CO? ¨≤CA?˙ e≥E¸I eCE?¸ⓒ ] [ SMM IeAⓒ ˘˙ I≠≤E?˙ SMS ¨≤CA?˙ ] I≠≤E?˙ œ¸≠ SMS ¨≤CA?˙ ] [ [ eCE?¸ⓒ ] [ SMS ¨≤CA?˙ e≥E¸I I≥aG|C AN¨≤CA?C eI AAe˝ˇ AA≠≤CA?˙ e≥e?ⓒO Ie˝ A≠¡ AAI≠≤E?˙.
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE AA≠≤CA?˙: aCN¨≤CI eGI AI ANTMA A≠¡ AAI≠≤E?˙. œ¸≠ AA≠≤COE I∑C?ⓒ˘˙ ˚Ifi fl AN¨≤CI AA≠≤CA?. AN¨≤CI ˚Ifi fl †´y AA°CA¸?˙. AA≠≤CA?˙ †´y ˚Ifi fl AAIAEUICi A≠¡ AAªC ¨. ∫ ⓒU? '˝ˇ AA≠≤COE AO IAEUICi A≠¡ ˚Ifi fl AAfiE AN¨≤CI AN¨≤CA?C. ˚eI AI AAe˝ˇ AA≠≤COE oI¸O AN¨≤CI ˚Ifi fl AAfiE AN¨≤CA?C. ˚eI AI AAe˝ˇ AA≠≤COE oI¸O †´y †´y ˚Ifi fl 5-5] [AAGCOI?˙ I≥U Ai A≠≤COE I≥a¤ ANAⓒA AIE AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ A≤e?ⓒAO ￢≠˚¤ AO ˚Ifi fl IO ˚eI Iefi≠¨.
5-6] [AAGCOI?˙ AAªUe˝ˇ AAa≠˚ⓒ ≤ICŒ AAªUe˝ˇ. AAa≠˚ⓒ ANA˝ AA≤eICŒ ˚Ifi fl 5-7] [AAGCOI?˙ AAIAEUICi §ⓒI?˙ UAA∂e≠A‡) AA∑afi?˙ ANA˝ (†≥a O«CO ANA˝ AA∑afi?˙ e≥EI?C Oª¸?˙ ¨≤COE ?˝ˇ AAIAEUICi §ⓒI?˙ ¨≤COE AAI≠U¨ U†CA?˙ AA√G￥ eGC¨˚≠ IiE ACI?˙ IAEUICi eU'≠ U?˝ˇ MSG. IO OUŒ AfiE ˚?ªº AAE≤?I. UAE≤AC¨ UAAª¸ⓒA¸Ci AAEo≠˘˙ U≤¸C¨Ai ?Ii ￢CAIC AA?ⓒI?˙ aIØU AAeªCI ˚Ifi fl A´A, I°ⓒ , ¨?I AAIAEUICi §ⓒI?˙ ¨≤CA?˙ A≤eEO A ⓒ AEIAEUICi.
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE AAGCOI?˙ A≠¡ ? ANTMA AEæ÷e?C. AAe˝ˇ AAIAEUICi §ⓒI?˙ ¨≤COE AE¨?CO I∑C?ⓒ˘˙ ˚Ifi fl 'U?˙ †´y AEU e°≠˚≠ aCNIfiCOfl '≥¸fiUU [§¸C¨Ai], < AE˝ æ--√i AEæ÷e?C. AAe˝ˇ AAIAEUICi ¨≤CA?˙ AA ∑√?˙ AAGCOI?˙ AA ∑√?˙. AAGCOI?˙ '˝ˇ AAIAEUICi §ⓒI?˙ aCNIfiCOfl '≥¸fiUU AAIAEUICi, §ⓒI?˙ AA≠?I. ?´A IO ? ¨≤COE AE¨?CO e°ⓒ˚ⓒ ˚Ifi fl AE¨?CO AE†ⓒ ae ∑¸? ?Ii ANTMA AN¨≤CA?C eI AAe˝ˇ AA≠≤COE A≤eEO 5-8] [AAGCOI?˙ OICTMo 5-8-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AA º OICTMo Oª¸?˙.
5-9] [AAGCOI?˙ AANAⓒA Ai 5-9-1] [AAGCOI?˙ Oª¸?˙ ¨≤CA?˙ ANAfie≠UO˝ˇ Ua≠˚ⓒ AA≠≤CA?˙ OUŒ U004.X I°E˝ˇ UA≤eⓒACa UU'C?￥ U∫Ui Oº USEMRE ? ˚Ifi fl AA ª¸?˙. AA≠≤COE AE˝ IøaU￢|C AA≠≤CA?˙ OUŒ ˚fiUU IC AC ˘˙ AA?ⓒI?˙ aIØU AeªE AE§≠˛. e ≥¸GCi ANA˝ AA ª¸?˙ AA≠≤CA?˙ e°U˚E AAUΔ¸÷?˙. ?´˘ eU'≠ Iⓒ˛ IO AEe°G¤ Aⓒ˚fl AAªE†¸?˙ 'e≠˘˙ AA ª¸?˙ AA≠≤COE †÷» Iⓒ˘˙ aøa? ?´˘ AA∑afi?˙ §ⓒI?˙ Afl e≥I￠ AA≠≤COE.
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE 5-9-2] [AAGCOI?˙ IeAⓒ ˘˙ U≤CO? ¨≤CA?˙ AAEUAU˚?˙ aC§e¸C¨?C. ?Ii AAe˝ˇ AE≠≤CA?˙ AAEUAU˚?˙ æa? ˚Ifi fl AAªE†¸?˙ 'e≠˘˙ AA ª¸?˙ AA≠≤COE †÷» Iⓒ˘˙ aøa? ?´˘ AA∑afi?˙ ANTMA IA≠'?˙ '≥¸Ifi fl AAGCOI?˙, ?´˘ A. AEO e≥I￠ AA≠≤COE. I≠?Ø '˝ˇ '˝ˇ OAI AE˝ AAøa? a oC￡ ¨≤CAefl AN¨≤CI eI UIO ? eI ANTMA ?ⓒ ?CU eEGCO˝ˇ e Ø˚E ANTMA eEGCO¸|C.
5-9-3] [AAGCOI?˙ AAªUe˝ˇ AAa≠˚ⓒ ¨?I ?´˘ ˚ⓒAI AA∑afi?˙ §ⓒI?˙ IØU ?CU ANTMA AAªUe˝ˇ AAa≠˚ⓒ A≤eEO ˚Ifi fl AA≠oCa AA∑C∂?˙. AE˝ AA≠IØ ˚«?≠ oⓒ˚ⓒ, ∫Ue˝ˇ a≠˚ⓒ U¨U A ⓒ AAI¸Ø˘˙. Ae?¸U?˙ AA?ⓒI?˙ e÷C∫¸E AE˝ AE°ªUI AA∑afi?˙ §ⓒI?˙ IØU A?C. I≠AoA?˙ U'G|C ?Ce÷fl ∂afie˝ˇ ∂afie˝ˇ. e°ⓒ˚ⓒ ￢≠˚¤ AO AAªUe˝ˇ AAa≠˚ⓒ ANA˝ AA≤eICŒ ? ˚Ifi fl AAeoUAI ? AAa≠˚ⓒ ¨≤COE ANA˝ AA≤eICŒ '≥¸Ifi fl AAaE , §C¨o efiUU A ⓒIC †e˝ IⓒAI?˙.
5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠≤COE -A ¨≤COE A≤eEIfl A ⓒ †e˝ ∫Ue¸?˙ e a¸? AN∂C¨˘˙ AA?Ce? ˚ªⓒ¨ AO IAEUICi. §ⓒI?˙ AAE--Ci ? [e∑--¸E/AN˚GCy]. AE˝ aCAø--? e≠˚ⓒ?C AAe˝ˇ AAE--?˙ e°ⓒ˚ⓒ ˚Ifi fl †ⓒ e?C. AAe˝ˇ aCAE--?˙ AAIAEUICi §ⓒI?˙ ¨≤CA?˙ A≠¡ ˚eI TMAfl, aAⓒ 5-9-5] [AAGCOI?˙ AAⓒ'O ¨≤COE A.
6] [AAGCOI?˙ AAfiCI¸≠A UæO UAE†ⓒAo AE∂?CΩ ∫U¨ AAeGC? IO ˚Ifi fl AAfiCI¸≠A aUA≤√?˙ aCA?Ce?. AA°≠??˙ 6-1] [AAGCOI?˙ ∫U¨˘˙ AAeGC? I÷eU￡ UAA--√Ca ∫U¨˘˙ AAeGC? <. AE˝ Aæ--? iI AAfiCI¸≠A, †ⓒ O. AEU P AE˝ Aæ--? iI A?, ∫U¨˘˙ AAeGC? AAI≠A AA∑˝i O. AEU < AE˝ 'Cæ--? AAªU¨˘˙, ?´˘ †÷» '˝ˇ ¨œai ANTMA †ⓒ I≠oO! AAøa? AN￢C¨ UAAefia¸≠ AE˝ 1.
6] [AAGCOI?˙ AAfiCI¸≠A IE†«?˙ AAeGC? AE¸fl ˚oa aøa√?. AA?Ce?, A¸E '˝ˇ AAªU¨˘˙ A≤e?ⓒAO afi≥E. 84x84 a°oI AAªU¨˘˙ ?Ii e°ⓒ˚ⓒ˘. AA´˛ˇ AAA ª≠ e°≠˚fl eI AA´˛ˇ AA?¸C¨ eAⓒ˚E : AAeGC? : ANA˝ˇ AA≠oUŒ : U†÷«?C. AAªU¨˘˙ UæO IO AA?≠Uo AEU AA≥CaG?˙ AAGCOI?˙ : ? I÷eC￡ e ∑¸? L R - , D U , O > - - - AAfiCI¸≠A. : AN¨≤CI - Aa≠ : AEAaUO. '˝ˇ AAªU¨˘˙ †÷» : - AAªU¨. I≥￠ : - U†÷«?C. AAªU¨˘˙ SMM.
6-3] [AAGCOI?˙ IeUA∫E aAⓒ ?´Afl AAeGC? UA†ⓒ. U?i '˝ˇ IeeCA˝ˇ a∑fiE AE?ª˝ a°ⓒ ∫U¨ 9 AAeGC? ˚Ifi fl ˚Ifi fl D. AE˝ aCAø--? A≠æ?C ˚Ifi fl AAªU¨, AN†ⓒ˛ AAeGC? <. AE˝ aCAø--? e?Ø˚ ?C I≠oO! afi≥E, ANo≠Aa ∫U¨. 023 042 ??˙ ?Ii aøa? ANTMA U'˝ˇ 'G?. ∫U¨ 6 ≤U˛ AAeGC? IO eeIfiO 'EO '¸Ifi fl afi≥E, 061x821 ˚≥CU˛ˇ aIC AAøa? †CA?˙ 9 AAeGC? x ˚≥CU˛ˇ aIC AAªU¨˘˙ ? 6-4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAN￢C¨ æa? ˚Ifi fl TMAfl, AE˝ UAEU˘˙ UAN¨≤CA?C. AAªU¨ AEAaUO A≠¡ ˚Ifi fl ??E÷¸?˙. 6-4-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AAªU¨ oI¸O aCAe≠e¸a.
6] [AAGCOI?˙ AAfiCI¸≠A ??E÷¸?˙. ∫U¨˘˙ æa? ˚Ifi fl ∂C∂?˙: A≠¡ I∑C?ⓒ˘˙ ANIfiCO¸?˙ AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ Afl ??E÷¸?˙ æa? AA∑≠AO￠: A≠¡ eEGCO¸|C. AA∑≠AO￠ ee¸￠ AAªU¨. AN†ⓒ˛ †´y ˚Ifi fl †´y: AEªU¨˘˙. A UAU e°≠˚≠ ˚Ifi fl AAA UAU: e°≠˚≠ UAA°oI AAA UAU AO '¸? AA?√CE ￢≠˚¤ IAEUICi A≠¡ ˚Ifi fl AAIAEUICi: A≠¡ AAªU¨. '¸? AAeG√i AA´˛ˇ UAAU?i UAAeC¨˚¶ AO AA°´y æⓒ AAªU¨ eCEI¸O ˚Ifi fl †IC˚?˙: - - - - - - AAGCOI?˙. ?´˘ 6-4-4] [AAGCOI?˙ AA?Ce? ≤oE ∫U¨ AA?Ce?. A¸E oI¸O A≠¡ ˚Ifi fl ∫U¨ §¸C¨Ai ??E÷¸?˙.
6-5] [AAGCOI?˙ AANAⓒA Ai 6-5-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AA´A?≠˘˙ AAIeC†?˙. UAA´A?≠˘˙ AAªU¨ TMA?≠˘˙ IO AfiE AA≥A?˙ '°º ˚Ifi fl AAEAaUO AN§Ea 6-5-2] [AAGCOI?˙ †´y ˚Ifi fl eEGCO˝ˇ †÷» AA´A?≠˘˙. '˝ˇ AAI°÷UΔ?˙ AAªU¨ oI¸O 6-5-3] [AAGCOI?˙ eEGCO¸|C.
7] [AAGCOI?˙ AANAⓒA Ai e÷øE. U?IC ˚ C≤afl aIC AAeCA¸?˙ AAGUAOI æa? ˚Ifi fl < AE˝ Aæ--? 1 AANAⓒA Ai. ANA˝ IaC∂≠˘˙| AEU∫UI 7 AE˝ Aæ--? 2 AAOe«C¨. UæO '˝ˇ [AAGCOI?˙] I°ⓒ . U?i '˝ˇ ≤CA?˙ AEU?Ci 5 ANAⓒA UAE §E e∑--¸E ˚Ifi fl AAe a¸? ˚ √E¤ a°¸n AEI a? e≠˚ⓒ˘. -- 7-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AAI a? AA´˛ˇ AANi ¸O U AAoIA?˙ AAe a¸? AN￢E? U?i -- UAAi ¸O UA†ⓒ˘˙ I≠˘˙ AAefi≠A¨: 'e≠˘˙ ˚UO. ?E U †ⓒ 1 †ⓒ 2 AA≥ai [IUA'¤]. < AE˝ UAæ--? e≠˚ⓒ?C AAe˝ˇ AAe a¸? O--I?˙ [IUA'¤].
7-3] [AAGCOI?˙ AA?Ce? ANAⓒA Ai aCA?Ce?. AA?C∫?˙ AAUΔCO? Aøa? 7-3-1] [AAGCOI?˙ A≠¡ AA?E÷¸?˙ AA∑C∂?˙ AAOe«C¨. UæO '˝ˇ AA?E÷¸?˙ AA≠O¸≥¸?˙ ∫U¨ ? Ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ DCL ∂C∂?˙ - AA'e≠Aæ˝ˇ AA∑C∂?˙ AE∑C∂?˙. AEU AAªU¨ AN†ⓒ˛ Ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ L. AEU R AE˝ aCAø--? A?E÷¸?˙ AAIe°≠??˙ AA≠≤UO AA∑?ª¸?˙ AA°C'«?˙ §E÷¸?˙ AefiUU AAIe°≠??˙ AA≠≤UO AEU AAªU¨ AN†ⓒ˛ Ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ AA÷≠A¸?˙ UAA≥CA?˙ AA≠?I¸?˙ AA≥CA?˙ AA÷≠A¸?˙: DCL ∂C∂?˙ DCL ∂C∂?˙ - §E÷¸?˙ eA¸¸O ˚Ifi fl AAe CΔ≠˚?˙. AA≠AEμ AA÷≠A¸?˙.
7] [AAGCOI?˙ AANAⓒA Ai AAIAEUICi AN￢C¨ AA°CA?˙ Ue«?≠ 'e°?C. ?aE AAI°ⓒ ˘˙ AEGCOI?˙ AA°CA¸?˙ AA°CA?˙ AA∑C∂?˙. ? AIAC˚ ?˙ AE≤÷E '˝ˇ AA∑afi?˙ A≤I ? AA∑afi?˙ A≤I A≠¡ '≥¸eI e∑--¸E, ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ ?Ii ANTMA AAⓒA§E¸?˙. DCL ∂C∂?˙ AE˝ AA?ⓒI?˙) IØU (A≤I 7-3-2] [AAGCOI?˙ ?´A ≤¸Uii≠ AA?Ce?. ∂C∂?˙ 7-4] [AAGCOI?˙ < AE˝ aCAø--? AAIfiCAICi aCN†ⓒ˛ A--?˙ e--¸¸≠ ˚Ifi fl AN §CI UæO AE˝ AE˚ø|C AAe--¸¸≠ AE˝ AAIA≠Uæ?˙ AA ªUΩ AAE--?˙. AAE--?˙ AAIfiCAICi AA?C∫?˙ AAGCOI?˙ ANAⓒA Ai æa? ˚Ifi fl AAøa?.
IfiCAICi ? IfiCAICi AA÷C?￥ ?E Aⓒ˚? AAIeU'≠ AAE¨?CO AE†ⓒ ANA˝ AAe°U˚E ∂≠U?. ? AAfiE ANA--Ca ? aCAfiIa¸Ue≠ AAeU∫¸E ANIfiCO¸?˙ Aⓒ˚? ˚eU'≠ aE aCA÷C?￥ AAeU∫¸E §ⓒI?˙ AA´˛ˇ AAa¸COCi ?E AE†ⓒ ANA˝ AEe°U˚E AAE¨?CO ∂≠U?. aE AAIfiCAICi. e°U˚E §ⓒICi ?E ANA--Ca AA÷≠A¸?˙ AAGUAOI AE OC˘. AAIUæ°?˙ AA÷≠A¸?˙ AAGUAOI AE˝ AAIfiCAICi e°U˚E ?UAOI e°eU˛ˇ e ∑¸? - AAIA ¸?˙. AA?ⓒI?˙ e ∑¸? ∫Ue˝ˇ ?E ?COIe˝ˇ '˝ˇ AAUΔ¸÷?˙ a≠˚ⓒ ∫ ⓒU? A≠¡ ˚eI A AA≠≤COE. I≠?Ø ANA˝ AN¨≤CI AA÷C?￥.
7] [AAGCOI?˙ AANAⓒA Ai 7-4-2] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠ UæO AA--√Ca AO AAUA¨ ˘˙ AAIfiCAICi A≤eEO '≥¸Ifi fl AAGCOI?˙, 'e￠ ?´˘ ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ ?Ii 'G?. ANTMA AA--√Ca 'e￠ ￢≠˚¤ I÷eC￡ AE˛ˇ AE˝ aCAø--? AAIfiCAICi eEG˝ˇ AAGCOI?˙, ?´˘ e°ⓒ˚ⓒ [ANO?Ca]. E AAI÷eC￡ A ⓒ AAIfiCAICi eEG˝ˇ AAGCOI?˙, ?´˘ e°ⓒ˚ⓒ 'G?. AE˛ˇ ? ˚IfiO aC≤ei Ca I÷eC￡, 'G? AE˝ aCAø--? ? A ⓒ AN¨≤CI ? ˚IfiO [AN¨≤CI] S I÷eC￡ 7-4-3] [AAGCOI?˙ ¨?I˝ AN¨≤CI UAA∂e≠A‡) AA∑afi?˙ ANA˝ (†≥a e∑--¸E ?Ce? '˝ˇ ?Ce÷fl ¨?I A≠¡ ≤¸eI A§≠.
7-4-4] [AAGCOI?˙ AAIfiCAICi AOe«C¨ AA∑afi?˙) ANA˝ (†≥a e ∑¸? AOe«C¨. IfiCAI?˙ (eEG˝ˇ) ?aUI e ∑¸?, e°ⓒ˚ⓒ A ⓒ ˚IfiO ANA--Ca AOe«C¨. IfiCAI?˙ (eEG˝ˇ) ?aUI ANA--Ca, e°ⓒ˚ⓒ A ⓒ ˚IfiO ∫ⓒU¨ ￢≠˚¤ AO †CA?˙ eA≠¡ eEGCO¸|C AAeªCI ANAC ˘˙ e∑--¸E '˝ˇ eEGCO¸|C AAeªCI IACU ˘˙ AAUΔ¸÷?˙ ?´˘ AAeªCI AIACU ˘˙ I°CUAi AE˚?˙ aCNo≠Aa ?Ce÷fl ˚GUO AO AAeªCI. AGCOI?˙ A˝ AN AU∫I 79 ? e ∑¸? A ⓒ AA?Ce? ˚°CUI AAeªCI.
7] [AAGCOI?˙ AANAⓒA Ai 7-5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA°IC˚?˙ ANAⓒA Ai 7-5-1] [AAGCOI?˙ NIP ¨IØ ￢Ea AA?CΩ NIP ¨IØ ￢Ea AE˝ AA?Ce? æa? ˚IfiO AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ IO AAUΔ¸÷?˙, ?´˘ e ∑¸? eI ANTMA AA?Ce?. e∑--¸E A ⓒ MIS aa√C??˙ NIP. ¨IØ AN §CI I fl '≥¸√Ea < AE˝ Aæ--? iI AA°IC˚?˙, æa? ?COI?˙ '˝ˇ NIP ¨IØ ￢Ea A ⓒ NIP ¨IØ 1 [e°ⓒ˚ⓒ]. AN˚GCy. e∑--¸E/ e∑--¸E †ⓒ 2 †ⓒ ANA˝ '≥e°eCo AAøa?, ANAⓒA Ai e--¸¸≠ AE¨ i ANTMA AA?Ce?. AE §Ei ANTMA 3 AE?i≠ §√CE NIP ¨IØ AN §CI ˚eI I°«U¨|A NIP ¨IØ ?CU 4 AE §Ei ANTMA I≠Ai.
AAⓒUA¸?˙ AAªC ¨˘˙. AAⓒUA¸?˙ AAIfiCAICi AfiE AA°«≠ §ⓒI?˙ AAeoUAI AEi Ca UA˝ˇ AA∑afi?˙ AⓒA ? ? '¸IC AAªC ¨˘˙ AAⓒUA¸?˙ AAIfiCAICi AfiE AA°«≠ §ⓒI?˙ AAaEⓒ. A§E AAIUoU ˘˙ UA¨ ˘˙ IfiCAICi AAUA¨ ˘˙. AAIfiCAICi AfiE AA°«≠ ?E §ⓒI?˙ AAeoUAI AEi Ca AAUA¨ AAeoUAI. A ⓒ AAUA¨ ˘˙ AAIfiCAICi AfiE AA°«≠ §ⓒICi †«≠ A?ⓒI?˙ ? ?E ANA--Ca I≠U¨ ?EI?˙ e--¸¸≠ AAIfiCAICi. ? §ⓒI?˙ AAfiE ANA--Ca AA°«≠. ? ? AAI≠U¨ ?EI?˙ Ae--¸¸≠ AA÷≠A¸?˙ AAGUAOI e ∑¸? AAIfiCAICi.
7] [AAGCOI?˙ AANAⓒA Ai MIS) ANA˝ (†≥a 7-5-4] [AAGCOI?˙ iCai AeªCI ¨?I AAE¨?CO †IC˚?˙ eeI I°ⓒ ˘˙. ?UAe? AE¨?CO AE˝ AAªC ¨˘˙ AAIfiCAICi A°ª≠ 2NIP. ¨IØ ￢≠˚¤ AO e ∑¸? I°ⓒ ˘˙. ?UAe? AE¨?CO ANA˝ AAªC AAI°ⓒ . AAI°ⓒ . AAeªCI ? ¨˘˙ AAIfiCAICi A°ª≠ ANA--Ca AAeªCI UΔ¸÷?˙ e ∑¸? ANA--Ca ?≠?I †÷«?C eI AAe˝ˇ AAE¨?CO ?COI?˙ ?COI?˙ AA≠¡ AAE¨?CO ? ? 7-5-5] [AAGCOI?˙ AA≠IUÆ e--¸¸≠ AI O 'G? AAI≥e?ⓒO AA∑?ª˝ˇ AA°IC˚?˙. U¨IØ AAE∫E˝ˇ, AA≠IØ 'CE §E AAeA≠˚? ¨?I AAaC¨˘˙ A§eªC¨ ?˝ˇ NIP AAI≠§º.
7-6-2] [AAGCOI?˙ ˚ⓒU˛ˇ TMAfl aAⓒ U˚A≠æ?C. AAIeC†?˙ aCA∑afiCi ?COI?˙ AO AA?Ce? ˚a°n ≤Uy ?´˘ ?COi ANTMA A≤e?ⓒAI?C '˝ˇ e≠œa AAe˝ˇ AA∑afi?˙ e°ⓒ˚ⓒ ˚IfiO ˚≥I￠ Aⓒ˚fl. AAI°E˝ˇ AA∑afi?˙ I∑--E IO eoUAI Ae÷C? Aⓒ˚?C AA∑afi?˙ AA∑afi?˙ ANA˝ AAU∫UI '˝ˇ '∑E ANTMA AE§≠˛ ∂afi?˙ ae°ⓒ˚ⓒ AA?Ce? Afl AAI°ⓒ ˘˙. 7-6-3] [AAGCOI?˙ I÷øE AAe≥o¸E AA?Ce? U≤¸°CUI AAI÷øE?˙ aCA∑afiCi ?COI?˙ æa? ˚Ifi fl æa? ˚eI AE§≠˛. ∂afi?˙ AE˛ˇ IO AAe≥o¸E ?aE AA∑afiCi ?´˘ AEUI IO I≥aGC|.
8] [AAGCOI?˙ §ⓒICi 8-1] [AAGCOI?˙ AANOe≠Oi AAe√a¸¤ (a≠UeU?UI AA√G￥ UeGC¨˚≠ §ª¸ª|C AA?ⓒI?˙ AAI?eE÷?˙ PAW §ⓒICi UAAE§aC¨ AAIª≠'¸?˙ ?´˘ ANA˝ AAU∫UI ˚Ifi fl AAIACIEi IiE UIAEUICi PAW. §ⓒI?˙ IØU ˛ˇ aUA≤√?˙ ∫¸COe?C U˚eI AAI°IUA?˙ AE?UAe? AA∑afi?˙ I∑--E IO UAAeA≠˚÷Ci UAAE≤AC¨ PAW §ⓒICi eUA'≠ IO eCE?ⓒ ≤Uy eªI¸I eI AAoU˚?˙. AA≠†Ei AAE≤Efi˝ˇ) AO A≤e?ⓒAO '˝ˇ e≠œa AA´˛ˇ AA?ⓒI?˙ IØU U/AEU afl AA?CΩ A≤e?ⓒAO ?¸÷¸?˙ AO AN¨∂C Ai AA?ⓒI?˙ IØU ˛ˇ AE˚ø|C ˚A√¸fl §ⓒIe?. AA?ⓒICi a?I.
8-1-3] [AAGCOI?˙ AA?ªCOº PAW §ⓒICi aC≤e?ⓒAO AA?C∫?˙ AANAⓒA Ai AE˝ AAEUæCŒ e°eU˛ˇ AA∑?ª˝ˇ AAfiIa¸Ue≠ o?CÆ AeªCI AIE¸?˙ IiE eICI|C USMM. AA?C∫?˙ AAaUAa?˙ ANA˝ ˚ªE Afi˝ˇ AAI°IUI AA?Ce? ANAⓒA ˚oa AANOe≠Oi, AEU ˚oa Aⓒ˚ⓒ˘˙. AEUæCŒ ANAⓒA ˚Ifi fl AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ '˝ˇ AA?ⓒI?˙. aIØU ANAⓒA ANA˝ †Co?˙ '˝ˇ 'CEOi A´A I?eE÷?˙, USMM PAW AEUæCŒ AEU ee´?≠ a∑afi?˙ oI¸O (AA GE AE˝ AE°ªUI revO ehT riA AA?ⓒI?˙ aIØU aCAeªCI ?I I?eE÷¸O. UæA¸O AAø≠U¨˚?˙.
8] [AAGCOI?˙ §ⓒICi AAa¸COCi ANAⓒA Ai §ⓒI?˙. / ?°CIE AAa¸COCi ANAⓒA Ai ANTMA 'G? e«?≠ PI A UAU AE §E : (UA¸≥i AAeªCI §C O I≥e?ⓒI˝ˇ ?U˚?˙ : AAI≥e?ⓒO ?U˚?˙ : AAI≥e?ⓒO IA≠7y : AAI≠U¨ ?EI?˙ PAW PI PAW). AEU∫UI i A UAU AAI√EUa?˙. AaC¨˘˙ Aa4C¨˘˙ †ⓒ a? AAeªCI ≤¸eI AA´˛ˇ AA?Ce? ¨?I AE §E afl. AA?C∫?˙ PAW AAaC¨˘˙ (UA¸≥i AAeªCI §C O ˚√Ea?C AAe˝ˇ AAI≠U¨ ?EI?˙ - AeA≠˚÷fl. PAW) AaC¨˘˙ ¨?I¸?˙ AEU e CΔ≠˚?˙ AAa¸COCi. IfiCAI?˙ OUŒ : †ⓒ AAIfiCAI?˙ (NDSI). 00441.
IUi?i IUi?ⓒ˘˙. œ¸≠ AeªCI) (aE §ⓒI?˙ PTTH aCAU?¸E. AA?CΩ AAU?¸E. PI I ÷´ AAU?¸E ANAⓒA Ai A UAU aUæO ?I PI: A UAU SND. IiE UAAiCOU˛ˇ ? C˘˙ ¨?I aUæO ?I AeªCI: SND ANAⓒA Ai - AAE≤C≤˝ˇ AAIEGI æa? ˚Ifi fl AI ?˙ ANAⓒA Ai U'G|C AAe∑--¸E AN˚GCy AEU e∑--¸E AEO? AE˝ AA?¸C¨ ?´A e°ⓒ˚ⓒ AAI≥e?ⓒO. AAAaC¨˘˙ PAW - - ˚IfiO AI ÷´ AAªU¨˘˙ A≠¡ a√C?Ci AE˝ AAªU¨ A≠¡ ≤¸eI ?CU ANTMA IC A§e¸C¨ ˚Ifi fl A. - AEO e≥I¸?˙ ANAC ˘˙ ? AAUæO. A≤I e°≠˚≠ †´y AAUæO. AGCOI?˙ A˝ AN AU∫I 87 ˚ⓒU˚|C. I°ⓒ .
8] [AAGCOI?˙ §ⓒICi 8-1-5] [AAGCOI?˙ AAIUi?e?˙ AA´A?≠˘˙ AAIUi?i. AAe?Ø˚O UæO e--¸¸≠ AEU AAIUi?i AAe?Ø˚O TMA?≠˘˙ I°eU˚Ci ANÆAA?˙ AAIUi?e?˙ AA´A?≠˘˙ I≥￠ ? AAIUi?i. AAe?Ø˚O TMA?≠˘˙ I°eU˚Ci ANÆAA?˙ ≤eeI AAIUi?e?˙ AA´A?≠˘˙ '°º '°ª?C. AⓒO AEU AAIUi?i AAe?Ø˚O TMA?≠˘˙ '°º AE˝ AA?¸C¨Ai 8-1-6] [AAGCOI?˙ AAe≥o¸E AAe?Ø˚O TMA?≠˘˙ '˝ˇ ANA¸?C eªE AAe˝ˇ AA?ⓒICi IE÷Ci AEU AAIAEUICi ? Aøa? ANAⓒA Ai e?Ø˚O ˚eI aCA?Ce?. AAIUi?e?˙ AAe≥o¸E aCAfiCIE.
8-2] [AAGCOI?˙ AAa fl IiE ?´˘ IO MIS, AN†ⓒ˛ '˝ˇ I≥oE| AA≠O¸≥¸?˙. AAGCOI?˙ O?C˚?˙ '˝ˇ ANA˝ ANæC'Ci A˝ AN AU∫I 89 ? i AeªE ￢Ea|C a√C??˙ AA?ⓒI?˙ IØU §ⓒI?˙ ˚GⓒO AEU ˚IfiO ANTMA Uœ¸≠˘. AAaU¨∫?˙ ≤U? AAI ØA˝ˇ, AA?ⓒI?˙ U˚ⓒAI ?÷Cae? ?Ce÷fl AA?ⓒI?˙. aIØU AGCOI?˙ a√C??˙ Aa≠ §C∫|C MIS A≤I ˚«?≠ '≥Uy AA?ⓒICi, ˚iai '≥Uy MIS §ⓒICi ?COI?˙ AE?i≠, AIAEUICi afl.
8] [AAGCOI?˙ §ⓒICi AA≤eA≠A¡ AEi Ca ?COI?˙ AAeCA¸?˙: AAGUAOI A≠¡ '¸IfiO aCA?ⓒI?˙, AeªCI AE˝ ? i ANTMA AAª÷°?˙ AA≠O¸≥¸?˙ 8-1-1]. [AAGCOI?˙ ANA˝ A¨oO ? ANAC ˘˙ ? e°I¸E AA°CA¸?˙. AAª÷°?˙ e°I¸E ANAC ˘˙ AAAEICi ? 8-1-2]. [AAGCOI?˙ AO«≠ ?AEI?˙ †÷» ?AEI?˙. AAIUA?O AE†ⓒ †÷» ˚IfiO LRU IO AAIU?O A UAU e°≠˚≠ AE˚ø|C ˚IfiO e≠˚ⓒ. ? ANA˝ AA´?Ca AA´˛ˇ AAIU?O ANA˝ AEOeGCI ? AAIUi?e?˙ AA´A?≠˘˙ I≥￠ ? AAGCOI?˙. ?´˘ AAIUi?i.
9] [AAGCOI?˙ I: Ø4A?˙ IE÷Ci 9-1] [AAGCOI?˙ 3PM aCA≤eICŒ AA≤eIeCŒ ˚Ifi fl IⓒIo. 3PM aI∑--E IØU 0043C ?Ce? ¨AEμ ≤ICA?˙ aC≤e?ⓒAO aCA´A?≠˘˙ AAIUoU ˘˙ 3PM IU≤¸G˝ IE÷Ci ANA˝ A§E˝ˇ. ∫Ui Ifia≠ §EI IO AEU IeUA'G?˙ IE†«?˙ AA°CAi aA¿ ˚°ⓒo ?ⓒ AE≥ICA?˙, AAª--¸≠ AAaAⓒ a≥aa UA ⓒIC AEªUi I≥eU˛ AE?ª˝ '˝ˇ U§C∫?˙| AAªUi '˝ˇ §EE A´A, AAACA¸?˙. AAE∫UAi IO AAAⓒ˚ⓒ ? C‡ ˚fiUU ' °O OU∫˝ˇ AAACA¸?˙ AAoU ˘˙ A≠'O A≤e≠˚U ¨AEμ ≤ICA?˙ aC≤e?ⓒAO '˝ˇ ? AEIU≤¸G˝.
9] [AAGCOI?˙ I: Ø4A?˙ IE÷Ci AA?Ce? ANA˝ IeUA'¤ ?Ia¸Ue≠ o?CÆ IO 3PM IE÷Ci e°U˚E ˚Ifi fl AE˝ AAIUoU CP) cnys a≠OCIo (AEU eliboM tnegA a≠OCIo aC≤e?ⓒAO ?Ia¸Ue≠ ao?CÆ AA?Ce? eU∫¸E A ⓒ AAa¸O. AEa?˙ '˝ˇ AAIⓒIo AAG≠Ω eia¸i ANA˝ ≤e°eCo AAAEa?˙), O÷￥ '˝ˇ (IeU'≠ BSU ?aE aC≤e?ⓒAO AAe÷C∫¸E, IO AAIØ˚ⓒ AE˝ AE°ªUI fni.0043C. †ⓒ AAe∑--¸E. a≠OCIo AAIⓒIo. AAG≠Ω AE˝ AAIUoU AAⓒA¸E ANA˝ A¨oO IE†«?˙ e∑--¸E a «CO AAfiIa¸Ue≠ ˚AIE swodniW EM AEU swodniW 0002 AEU AEU ˚ a--˝ˇ ? swodniW 89 ES swodniW.
AAe∑--¸E) (UæO edomyalP AAfiE Uefi≠A¨ AAfiE A≠¡ AAe∑--¸E: UæO æa? IO AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ ? eIfi fl UA†ⓒ. Uefi≠A¨ ¨O¸O ? --I?˙ AAeA¸¸O ˚Ifi fl ?IC ¨O¸O. ? --I?˙ 3PM ? IE? eA¸¸O IO AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ eIfi fl AA I?. '˝ˇ ¨O¸O ? --I?˙ eA¸¸ ?C 9-1-2] [AAGCOI?˙ AAe∑--¸E ?COI?˙ AAOeGCI ˚Ifi fl aCAfiCIE. AAe∑--¸E ?COI?˙ A≠¡ IO AAGCOI?˙ ?´˘ eIfi fl ?Ii ANTMA TMAfl, ANA˝ aCANæC'?˙ AAe GE. I÷eC￡ AE˝ aCAø--? A§≠ I≥C¨ ANA˝ IAEUICe?.
9] [AAGCOI?˙ I: Ø4A?˙ IoEⓒ ANO∑Ca oⓒ˚ⓒ˘˙: ? AA^§≠. AAIoEⓒ '˝ˇ AAI?ØO?˙ AAEAa?˙ OGE OGE: ? oⓒ˚ⓒ. AEAa?˙. AAIª A?˙ AAEAa?˙. AO IE÷Ci IAEUICi A≠¡ †UI: ? AAIeUA'≠˘˙ AAIAEUICi oI¸O A≠¡ IAEUICi: ? AA∑≠??˙ AO †´y ANÆAA?˙: ? AAI?ØO?˙. AEAa?˙ AAoⓒ˚ⓒ AAN∫ⓒA¨ Ue°I¸E aCAIEGI AAeªCI e°ⓒ˚n: ? aCAEAa?˙ AA?CΩ AA∑afi?˙ ANAⓒA AIE §¸C¨Ai: ? AAEAa?˙. e≥I¸?˙ ANAC ˘˙ AAe≥I¸?˙: ANAC ˘˙ ? AAEAa?˙. ANO?Ca §≠Uo: ? AAEAa?˙. A§e¸C¨?C.
IE†«?˙ ?U RAJ IE? ˚Aea≠ IE? DAJ UIE?. oC'C Aa≠OCIo Iø--U? e ≥¸¤ AAe÷ª¸E¸?˙. AAIAEUICi ?E AE˝ ˚°eU˛ˇ U∫÷˝ˇ DAJ, IE? IO AAe÷ª¸E¸?˙ AAIE? AEU∫Cy oI¸O A≠¡ ˚Ifi fl AAe°I¸E. ?aE AA∑afi?˙, IO ? IE†«?˙ EM2J AAIAeIⓒ˘˙ AE˝ AAa≠AIo e∑--¸E ˚eI ≤Uy ˚eI ≤Uy AA?Ce?. a¸U?˙ '˝ˇ 'G? avaJ) 2 orciM (noitidE ES2J AE˝ AAIAeIⓒ˘˙ AAa≠AIo e∑--¸E AAfiIa¸Ue≠.
9] [AAGCOI?˙ I: Ø4A?˙ IE÷Ci 9-3] [AAGCOI?˙ AAªU¨ ≤¸Ui ˛ˇ (§¸C¨Ai) < AAE˚≥≠ AA§e¸C¨ AA?¸C¨Ai ANA˝ AAU∫UI ANA˝ \I÷eC￡ AAeCA¸?˙. ??E÷¸?˙. †CA¸|C AAI°ⓒ ˘˙ e°I¸E?C eI AAe˝ˇ AAªU¨˘˙ AN¨≤CI AAªU¨˘˙ eA¸¸O ˚IfiO ??E÷¸?˙: eA¸¸O ˚IfiO AAU≤CO?: IeAⓒ ˘˙ ¨≤CA?˙ ?eCa?˙ ? SMM. Aa≠ 9-4] [AAGCOI?˙ AA?¸C¨Ai ANA˝ AAU∫UI ANA˝ ? AAE∫UAi ≤¸Ui ˛ˇ (§¸C¨Ai) < AAE˚≥≠ AA§e¸C¨ I÷eC￡ AAeCA¸?˙. †CA¸|C. I°ⓒ aªUi USMM.
AAIE°GCi A§e¸C¨ ˚Ifi fl AAI°IUI. AE?Ce? AAI≥CAⓒ˘˙ AAG√O IO AAAⓒ˚ⓒ ? C‡ †Coefl. †≥a AAI≥CAⓒ˘˙ AAG√O ?´˘ IO AE˛ˇ ?¸C≤¸?˙ a√C¨˚?˙ A≤e≠˚U e°eU˛ AA¸ⓒ˚O". "†≠ ¨AEμ ≤ICA?˙ AAUæO e∑--¸E AeIfi¸O UI¸fi≠U'UU. AETMU ≤ICA?˙ AE˝ ≤÷≠ ∂C†O AAa√C¨˚?˙ ∂°O IO ˚Ifi fl AA∑C†O ?´A AAIfiea. AEU AAI ØI §C¨o eUAoⓒ‡ IⓒIo ?≠Ω a¸COCi/ o?CÆ aCAfiIa¸Ue≠ AAI°IUI AA?Ce? eU∫¸E ˚Ifi fl AAIAEUICi. AeaC I IE†«?˙ UU AEe--¸¸≠ IA≠æ?˙ AEAE˘ AAGCOI?˙ '˝ˇ AAI´?U¨˘˙ AAIAEUICi ? AN∂AC¨.
' ¸?˙ a¸COCi ˙ ACI? 0043C : AAI eo A≤I MSG SCD/009 0081 : AA «CO AAI°¸√?˙ AA°≠A¨˘˙ ¨o?˙ ¨o?˙ +55 : IUU˚?˙ ¨o?˙ -01 : IUU˚?˙ AE?ª˝ ¨o?˙ AE O˝ ¨o?˙ 98
I´?≠˘˙ 99
I´?≠˘˙ 100
'C¨≤˝ˇ SRPG ?I≠A˘ eE÷O ¨A? IC ?eCau? 0043C : IⓒI ¨A? IC ?eCau? A˚O ・U∂˝ˇ AÆ A≤e÷C ˘ AÆ ?aE A√÷C '≠IC˚¸ⓒ. I√CAA? ?CIE a√U¨ aⓒ?i ¨A O'?ⓒA¨˚ⓒ.
IGⓒI? a¸∑≠'e? ?I≠A˘ eE÷O ・U∂˝ˇ §≠˚ⓒ AÆ e∑fi≠ aC ?? 0043C aC efi UAU∞˛ A§≠˚O ˚o¸eCA˝ˇ a¸∑≠'e? o˝ˇ AI IⓒI. ?Uufl U A≤i. ∂ⓒ˘ I?I A￢EACi ￢≠A†˝ˇ †CU˛ ¨A? IC 'e≠u? A˚O I «U¨ a? ?? aC∂ⓒ I˝ˇ ?I≠A˘ eE÷O ≤e'C˘ ?C¨・¸≠˛ a? U A≤e÷C ˘ I÷C A≤i AÆO §≥C¨i, AIⓒU UA¨ AÆ oEU・¸≠˛ U AU AÆ a?¸ ? A≤e÷C ˘ ?i a? A≤e÷C ˘ AÆ ?aE AU U e--¸¸≠ ?≠・UO? ・¸≠ . ?≠A¨ I√CAA? IU¨ O∑ⓒ˘ ?¸ⓒ ¨A? IC 'e≠u? A˚O ¨ ¨U∂O U ∫≠˚￠ ￢U¨ a? ?? e°UI ・≠ .
A˚I ˝ˇ OfiCi ?∑ⓒA¨ †¸O ¨ ?I≠A˘ eE÷O a≠ U ?C¨ ac≠?¸Ø˚ⓒ. AÆ eA¸¸O a? AÆ ¨AO ⓒ・˝ˇ I °ª≠A| §U A˚I ˝ˇ o?i ?C aC￢≠˛ ∂C¨∞¨?C˛ U A∫E˝ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. A≤e÷C ˘ ∂ⓒ˘ ≤e'C˘ ¨A ?I≠A˘ eE÷O I°E˝ˇ A￢÷CI ≤e≠μ AÆ U¨ U AIO A¨A˛ ≤e'C˘ A˚O O'?ⓒA¨˚ⓒ. ¨ A≤i ?Uufi˝ˇ oⓒA∂ⓒO˝ˇ ?√ACi §√≠ ∂ⓒU aEA¸ⓒ˘ ∫U¨i ¨ ?? A¨ . ?I≠A˘ a? §÷'˝ˇ 3 ¨ ?IUA¨˘ aC˚ⓒ ?I≠A˘ eE÷O ・U∂˝ˇ aC∂ⓒ. §CIUπ ?UA˚˝ˇ ≤÷≠?C˛ IoCU¨i ¨ ?≠・Ø IUA ?C¨§COoCi ≤U§e˝ˇ, AÆ AO÷oC¨˛ AIE¸Ci ˚C U ∂¸I¸C˚˝ˇ O÷≠IC˚¸ⓒ.
A˚I ˝ˇ OfiCi A†e¸C? ?C˛ ∂afi? ?I? A≤i IIfiO ¨A Aæ√≠A¨˛ ?C˛ eICμ ?I≠A˘ eE÷O o?i a Ca≠A˚O Ofi ⓒ. a∑e¸aCO˝ˇ a? ∫≠'C OaC˚ⓒ Aæ√≠A¨˛ ?C˛ eICμ aC∂¸ⓒ. Iefi˝ˇ ?I≠A˘ eE÷O ¨A ˚U˚˝ˇ ?C˛ '≠≤e ⓒ˘ eICI˝ˇ U≤C˚E OØ ˚fi˝ˇ ¨ u COu? IA≠¡ ¨ ・¸≠Oⓒ ?≠A¨ AAfie≠UO¸fi˝ˇ §UA? ⓒ ?≠A¨ '≠?CO￥ eⓒA§E eⓒA§E I¸ØAU ?Ie≠˚O ・≠'i. ¨A ˚U, eEU˚Ø˚UU, a≠ A≤i IIfiO ・´A¨ . eCi¸≠ œ¸≠˘ U ?CIc¸Ue≠ aC￢≠˛ U eE÷O ≤e'C˘ ?≠ U aCÆ AÆ OIC˚¸ⓒ. a≠?¸Ø A˛ U˚±˘ IG≠¨Ai ?? I C￢G˝ˇ ¨ eE÷O ・U∂˝ˇ ∂U I˝ˇ AAICI A UAU a? ? ¸ⓒ.
a?¸ ? A≤e÷C ˘ A˚I ˝ˇ U o?i ¨? IU ?C˚˝ˇ IIfiO ?UAO¸O ¨AC˚i AⓒO OICO¸ⓒ. I√CAA? ¨A ≤C ˘ ¨? IU ?C˛ A˚O ∂ⓒ˘ TM?≠ 'e≠u? A˚O ¨ a¸∑e≠ A￢EACi aC∂ⓒ. ?COUO˝ˇ œ¸≠ U §√≠OC‡ A≤i A≤i. ¨A ˚U˚˝ˇ '≠?CO￥ AO≠∞˛ o´a I¸ØAU A≤i ∂ⓒ˘ U ¨A ˚U˚˝ˇ AIUAo ￢≠A†˝ˇ ¨A ˚U˚˝ˇ AIUAo IA≠¡ ¨ ￢≠A†˝ˇ A˛ ・UO? O«≠ ¨ aⓒUU A˛ ・UO? A'≠A a? IA≠¡ A˚I ˝ˇ ¨ ?≠A¨・≠'eO ・≠'eO ?≠A¨ ¨IU¨ A￢EACe˝ˇ (RAS) U˚±˘ 0043C IⓒI o˝ˇ AI ?I≠A˘ eE÷O ?≠A¨・≠'eO a? U A≤i ¨ IA≠¡ o?i ・U∂˝ˇ ?? aC ?C¨a≠ ˛ ∂≠A˚? A˚I ˝ˇ A¨ .
a?¸ ? A≤e÷C ˘ U A˚I ˝ˇ o?i ¨? IU ?C˚˝ˇ O'?ⓒA¨˛ˇ U I≠A?ai aC ?C¨ a≠A˛ ∂ⓒ˘ eCE˚¸ⓒ oCOa˝ˇ AUAÆO U ∂C¨∞¨ aC￢≠˛, AÆ e ?C ?∑ⓒA¨: AUAÆO ˚'≠ ?≠OUŒ AÆ A≤e÷C ˘ ? ¸ⓒ. A≤e÷C ˘ ?I≠A˘ eE÷O IⓒI A˚O A˚O a? I≠aU? eCE˚¸ⓒ ˚C æICOi ?≠・UO? A--U aCAn A≤i IIfiO oCOa˝ˇ aC∂ⓒ. §√≠OC‡ A≤i IIfiO ?Iu ¸O U ・≠ ˚ⓒ˘ ≤e'C˘ efi ≥¸O ˚fl U¨ a? eAI¸≠ a? O¸CÆ ¨∫U¨i ≤e'C˘ ?√ACi Ofi ¸ⓒ. aCÆ ¨A OIC˚¸ⓒ. I≠AoA? ≤≠U˚￥ IoCÆ ?CIc¸Ue≠ ˚C ¨A ˚U, eEU˚Ø˚UU, ?a¸E AÆ AAfie≠˚fi˝ˇ U≤C˚E AÆ ¨A eE÷O A¨˚ⓒ. A∂cØ˛ AUAÆO Oⓒ?¸ⓒ.
aU∂¸ⓒ˘ a≠?) a≠˚Ø (a¸O a≠?˝ˇ AeªCI a?∏ A˚ fi? eE÷O A・≠ o¸a ¨ aC∂ⓒ ? eE÷O ?≠・Ø ? ¨A §U aⓒUU ・¸≠˘ ≤fi?, (ICO ⓒ 'EØ˛ A∂¸C ?¸ⓒ, I˝ˇ ?≠A¨ ?¸? ˚C U ¨ ?I¸∑? ∂UOⓒ. eE÷O ?UeC˘ AeªCI IUoa eUAO ⓒ I˝ˇ ?EI) ˚C ?Cœ´ acU∂CO¸ⓒ. ¨A a≠?˝ˇ AeªCI ?C˛ a?∏ ¨U˛ A≤e÷C ˘ AⓒO ∫U¨i AO÷oC¨ IUoa uUU Oⓒ?¸ⓒ ?≠A¨ IC˚fi≠UU˚U '≠ ˚fl ¨UU ¨ ¨A §U ∂ⓒ. ˚C U Oªa ? AU Oe¸o? ¨ ?? ⓒ. ≤≠U˚￥ AO≠A oCOa˝ˇ AUAÆO U eE÷O aC˚ⓒ IoCÆ a≠≤ E e ?C ∂U a¸∑CIⓒ?CO˝ˇ a≠UÆ I o≠ a? ・≠ ˚ⓒ˘ A≤¸a AOe ˝ˇ A・≠ Ofi ¸ⓒ. A√÷C| ∂U .
a?¸ ? A≤e÷C ˘ U A˚I ˝ˇ o?i ¨? IU ?C˚˝ˇ ?√ACi AAfie≠UO¸fi˝ˇ ¨ eUAOⓒ I˝ˇ ?? ∂UOⓒ I˝ˇ A§eEAe˝ˇ uC¨ ?I≠A˘ eE÷O ・U∂¸?C˛ eICI˝ˇ a'´A¨ . eCi¸≠ AO?C AIEfi≠ ?IC aⓒUU ¨A §U eo?¸ØAi OØ ˚fl ? '˝ˇ ecap) (rekam ?Ea æ≠aCU ≤e'C˘ OØ ˚fl ¨A aØ∂fi˝ˇ A˚oC eⓒA§E AÆ a≠§˝ˇ ・U∂˝ˇ a¸≠A?O ?I≠A˘ ?C˛ eE÷O ¨ A≤e÷C ˘ Ofi ¸ⓒ. Oⓒ?¸ⓒ. ?≠A¨ §U ?C ≤IAfl ・U∂˝ˇ ?≠・Ø o¸a A≤i ∂U . ?CIc¸Ue≠ Oⓒ?¸ⓒ. U eEU˚Ø˚UU ¨A ˚U, ¨ A§eEI aCAn ?≠A¨ ≤C?O AAfie≠˚≥¸e? IA≠¡ ¨ U OⓒA ˘, ˚C IIfiO A˛ I √G? ¨ Ofi ¸ⓒ.
AO÷oC¨˛ˇ I C￢¤ ?I≠A˘ eE÷O AÆ ・¸≠ I˝ˇ ∫U¨i ?C AU ¨ AO÷oC¨˛ AIE¸Ci ?? I C￢G˝ˇ ¨ a¸≠U˛ IG≠¨Ai U ?UAO¸O AÆ U ?≠ ˘ ¨AC˚i ¨A ?C I°ⓒU ˚i Ofi ¸ⓒ. A≤e÷C ˘ ? ¸ⓒ. A¨ UoU AO?C AO÷oC¨ U?UŒ A†eICI ¨ ?? I C￢G˝ˇ A≤e÷C ˘ AÆ Ofi ¸ⓒ. ?I≠A˘ eE÷O AÆ ≤U§e'¸≠˛ ?C˛ oC˚'C˘ ¨ ? ¸ⓒ. §U A¨˛ ∂¸I¸C˚˝ˇ IUA U ?C ≤U§i OØ ˚fi˝ˇ ¨ eE÷O afiC¨・¸≠˛ ・CÆ?C˛ A¨ , ?≠A¨ AU oCOa˝ˇ AUAÆO U ?I≠A˘ eE÷O Ofi ¸ⓒ. AOaC¨ ˚C †IE I ÷o≠˘ IUA ˚C IC˚ACi ∂UOⓒ˘, I∑eAE ?? §U ¨U AeC?fl ¨ ? ? ?UAa¸IC A§E ・≠ Oⓒ. I˝ˇ A§eEI ? ¸ⓒ.
a?¸ ? A≤e÷C ˘ U A˚I ˝ˇ o?i ¨? IU ?C˚˝ˇ aC￢≠˛ ? ¸ⓒ. AU¡ ¨A AU ?≠ a¸ⓒA eGE¸E aC￢≠˛ ?C¨A˚˝ˇ A≤i. ∂C¨∞ ?CaE aC¨ ∫ⓒ?C ?? o?i A≤i, I≠￢Ua AIC?O ¨ O'≠'e? ?≠A¨ ? ¸ⓒ. ∂C¨∞ A≤e÷C ˘ IU¨ Ioⓒ A| ・U∂˝ˇ aC￢≠˛ A・≠ ˘ †ⓒA?i≠ ? aC￢≠˛ ∂C¨∞¨ AU AÆ †ICO IiE ? ?C˛ I°E ¨ ¨A aC￢≠˛ ∂U . I˝ˇ I?eE ? ￢UAO˝ˇ ¨A AU aC￢≠˛ AÆ Iⓒi A≤e÷C Oⓒ?¸ⓒ. ?≠A¨ I≥eG¸I OU¨ IA≠¡ ¨ ¨A Ofi ¸ⓒ.
I√CAa '?≠≤i ?E˝ˇ OIC˛ˇ 51 ............................................................ 51 ....................................................... 71 81 81 ・U∂˝ˇ ?≥Ie?C˛ˇ ?≥Ii * eE÷O................................................................... a∑i * eE÷O oEU˛ˇ ∂≠￡ †≠Uy.............................................................. ?E¸ⓒ?C˛ˇ ?E¸ⓒ ..................................................................... * A U O∑CU A￢EACi 91 .....................................................
I√CAa '?≠≤i 13 13 13 13 13 13 ............................................................. ≤e≠≤˝ˇ ?ⓒ?C˛ˇ (4 a¸O ¨?I˝ˇ) 8 eC (4 2 a¸O ?ⓒ ¨?I˝ˇ).................................................... ¨?I˝ˇ) 8 eC (4 1KUP ?ⓒ ¨?I˝ˇ) 8 eC (4 2KUP ?ⓒ ?ⓒ 8 eC (4 ¨?I˝ˇ) AI ¸e˝ˇ ...................................................... 8 eC * * .................................................. * .................................................. * .................................................
............................................................. 44 ................................................... 05 ....................................................... * 25 ......................................................... * 25 .................................................. * 35 .............................................................. 35 ........................................ * 55 ..................................
I√CAa '?≠≤i 48 48 98 09 19 19 39 59 59 8]...................................................... [I U A˚ e≠Oi §ⓒICi 8-1] [I U A˚ e≠Oi 8-2] [I U ?C¨i ≤¸I ≤≠U˚￥ .......................................................... * ........................................... * ...................................................... A≤e÷C ˘ IU¨ I U?C˛ˇ * 9].................................................... [I U ¨˚C'e˝ˇ ACi A￢E 9-1].............................................................
・U∂˝ˇ ?≥Ie?C˛ˇ eE÷O ?≥Ii oEU˛ˇ ?√A? 1 ∫÷°? 2 ・U∂˝ˇ 1 A∫E˝ˇ AAICI U OIC˚∑'≠ DCL AO≠∞˛ˇ ≤√￠ ≤¸' CI, ?ⓒ¨i aCA: ? ・UOC・UU 2 IU?i ?E¸ⓒ O∑CO? ?C˛ˇ AAⓒA o?i ¨A ?C ∂IC¨˘ ?C¨: ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ a? AAIEE˝ˇ 3 ∫Ue˝ˇ OCI? ≤≠˚O 4 UA¨ ¨A †≠Uy U ?C AA÷aC ?E¸ⓒ U AIC ˘ †CAi ¨ 3 ? ・¸≠˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ A∂eO O'? aC˚¸O ?C˛ˇ eICμ 0 - a¸O ∫ ⓒU? ・¸≠˛ˇ aC˚¸O: ? '≠A§UAO˝ˇ ∂IC¨˘ - 9 ∂IC¨˘ U˚≠A˚∏: 1 - 2 eC †CAi ¨ ? ? ¸ⓒ.
・U∂˝ˇ ?≥Ie?C˛ˇ a¸IC˚∏ ?C¨ a? AIC ˘ ?E¸ⓒ †CAi ¨ a≠・Ø˚ⓒ˘ '?≠≤i ?UeC˘: '∑C¨ U 'e≠eE÷O '?≠≤i ?UeC˘: '∑C¨ D ?C a¸CO '?≠≤i ?UeC˘: '∑C¨ R e «¸ICi a¸∏ '?≠≤i ?UeC˘: '∑C¨ A≠Æπ †CAi ?≠ U 'ACI A∂eO: O'? L ?C aC˚¸O ¨A OIC˚∏ U ∫÷°? aCA a? AOe?C˛ˇ †≠?i I U: ¨ ¨ ∂ⓒ˘ 1 1 23 ? 465 8 7 ? I∑?º eC˚¸ⓒ ?E¸ⓒ 2 IU?i ?E¸ⓒ?C˛ˇ 3 AIEfi≠ ?C˛ˇ ?E¸ⓒ?C A˚O ? ⓒ. I˝ˇ AOoCO 3PM ?¸ⓒ. I˝ ?ⓒ.
eE÷O a∑i a ⓒ Oªa I°E aC￢≠˛ ・U∂˝ˇ '¸∏ ?C¨i ?CaE AeªCI aCe≠˛ ∂C¨∞¨ AeªCI ?E˝ˇ OIC˛ˇ 17 ≤¸I Oªa I°E
?E¸ⓒ ∂≠￡ †≠Uy ?E¸ⓒ?C˛ˇ A ˘ O∑CU Æ˚≠ ¨ ?? A≤i ∂ⓒ˘ a≠ ˘ afiC¨ O∑CO? u ⓒ˚O a≠A˛ˇ ?E¸ⓒ ?≠ ∂U . I˝ˇ eU渰Ci ?E¸ⓒ .?:,!;"1 .
A U O∑CU A￢EACi AOⓒ. ∂ⓒ˘ e∑≠˚￠ ∂U I˝ˇ ΔC?≠ OIC˚∏ ∫÷°? ¨U˛ˇ ?? ∫÷°? ?C˚˝ˇ ¨U˛ˇ eU渰Ci ?ⓒ. OICO¸ⓒ. I˝ˇ aC∂ⓒ I˝ˇ A≤e÷C ˘ O∑CO? AEIi/ a≠?≠A¨ A¨eaC? A≤e÷C ˘ SRPG §ⓒICi '≠AIfiCO˝ˇ A≤e÷C ˘ IU¨ AEIe?C˛ˇ I˝ˇ O∑CU ¨A ∂afi? ≤¸' CI ?ⓒ¨i A≤i. ? ¸ⓒ. O∑CO? Æ˚≠ ¨ ≤≠U˚￥ AÆ ?? I¸ⓒ?ⓒ 2 §≠Uo˝ˇ eIC≤?C˛ˇ a≠A˛ˇ aC∂¸ⓒ. §? A≤i. ¨U∂O A≤i. U ≤≠U˚￥ ∂ⓒ˘ A˚ⓒ. ?≠ ˘ ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ ¨A §U ˚C O∑CU 1 §? I∑e≠‡ A・≠ e «¸I aC￢≠˛ UæA¸i A˚ⓒ.
A U O∑CU A￢EACi eU渰Ci I∑?ª? A≠Æπ ¨ I∑?ª? I∑?ª? ¨ ? ¸ⓒ. I eGE ¨A A¨ . ≤˝ˇ ≤e≠ PAW a? ?≥e¸ⓒ.
?≠ U Oªa aC￢≠˛ U ?C¨i ≤¸I Oªa a≠ A¨˚ⓒ. ¨A aC￢≠˛ ?Ca aC∂ⓒ. §CIUπ ≤e'C˘ ?? 1 ∂U˚ⓒ I√IUO aCe≠˛ a≠ A∂eO AÆ ?aE eUo? A≤i IIfiO A≤i ¨U∂O eE÷O †CA¸fi? ¨ ≤e'C˘ AÆ aC￢≠˛ oⓒA≤CÆ˛ˇ ・≠ . I o≠ ・U∂˝ˇ Ofi≠ U ?C¨ ¨≤i a? a≠ A¨˚ⓒ. ¨A aC￢≠˛ ≤CÆ˚ⓒ.
?≠ U Oªa aØO¸ⓒ. oC ¨A ?C¨i ≤¸I ?? ?C¨i ∂U˚ⓒ I√IUO 3 oC˛ˇ §U I°E ¨ ¨A ?C¨i ≤¸I o?i A¨ . ?≠A¨ aCO¸O ≤Ii a? AU ￢E˚˝ˇ ?≥Ii U ・≠'e? oC˛ˇ ¨≤e˝ˇ §Ey o?i ¨ U A ˘ '∑C¨ aCO¸O a? A¨AI˝ˇ a? ¨A AU ?C¨i ≤¸I ?≠ U §C¨o afi∑¸ⓒ. a¸≠UU ¨A AU a? ?C¨i ≤¸I ≤¸I ?¸ⓒ. ?≠ U §C¨o ?C¨i ≤¸I ?≠ U UA¨ A†e¸C? §≠Aπ U≤¸E? a? OICO¸ⓒ.
? ¸ⓒ. Oªa ¨A aC￢≠˛ oC I°÷«? ?¸ⓒ aC˚¸ ˝ˇ Aa? AÆ 4 AaeⓒA ¨A aC￢≠˛ '∑C¨ aC˚¸O a? ¨A aC￢≠˛ aCA˛ˇ aØO¸ⓒ. ・¸≠ . ?≠A¨ §U π oC˛ˇ ¨ eC ?≠A¨ §U π oC˛ˇ ¨ ¨A aC￢≠˛ ?Ca 5 ?¸ⓒ. ?≠A¨ eE÷O ¨ §U π oC˛ˇ ¨ ¨A aC￢≠˛ ?Ca e¤ ∫ⓒA˛ˇ ?÷E A˚ fi? eC afi∑¸ⓒ U A ˘ aⓒ?ⓒ. ICO ⓒ˛ˇ aC￢≠˛ ?≠ U ∂C¨∞ ≤e'C˘ ¨U˛ˇ ¨A aC￢≠˛ ?aE AÆ aC˚≥e˝ˇ I≥C'≠e˝ˇ ∂C¨∞¨ A AaeU¨ AeªCI o?i aC∂¸ⓒ. ?≠ ˘ Oªa ∂≠UŒa?C¨ 23 ∂C¨∞ ?CIE a√U¨ aC￢≠˛ eE÷O, AÆ A≤e÷C ˘ AÆ ?aE ?? ∂U˚ⓒ I√IUO 1 A≤i.
?≠ U Oªa ∂C¨∞¨ AÆ ('G? ? ¸ⓒ. U∫E ∂?≠˛ˇ a≠? a≠˚Ø ? ¸ⓒ) I˝ˇ IeU?? ∂C¨∞ ∂ⓒU efiI¸E AÆ a￥ a? ¨A ¨ A AaeU ˚'≠ AOe?C˛ˇ A≤e÷C ˘ ≤e'C˘ aC￢≠˛ OIC Ie°≠‡ 3 ?C¨eO A§E ?C˛ˇ I¸E? ∂U . 4 A†e¸C? aC ¨A ¨Aa? ≤U?i ?¸u'C˘ AIU ˛ˇ ∫U¨i a? ¨A ∂C¨∞¨ ≤¸I ≤≠ ? ¸ⓒ. ? Ofi ¸ⓒ. ?∑U¨ AÆ a¸≠UU ¨ aC￢≠˛ a≥e? A§E ∂C¨∞¨ AÆ A・≠ a¸fi≠a ⓒ˛ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A A AaeU¨ AeªCI U∂C§? ? ¸ⓒ, I˝ˇ A≤e÷C ˘ aa≠˚ⓒ. afiC¨ ∫°¸￠ ? ・U∂˝ˇ UA¨ '∑C¨ U∫E ∂?≠ a≠? a≠˚Ø a? §U oⓒA ≤e'C˘ AÆ ¨A ?C¨i ≤¸I ˚C aC￢≠˛ ?≠ U, ∂C¨∞ ? 'CO ? ? Ofi ¸ⓒ.
∂C¨∞¨ ?≠ U oⓒA ? C¨˛ˇ ?C˛ˇ ?I? ?C¨ A˚O a≠A˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ oⓒA ?¸ⓒ.
eE÷O aC≤¶ U ・≠'eO eICμ A U a? ・≠'eO eICμ I¸?UA?¸ⓒ A・≠ ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ I √G? ?ⓒ aC ¨A O«≠ IU¨ eE÷O ∂IC¨˘ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A C ? ¸ⓒ, aC‡ ¨A ∂IC¨˘ 1 '∑C¨ ¨A S 2 '∑C¨ ¨A E 3 ・≠ . a≠?≠A¨ O«≠ IU¨ ∂IC¨˘ aC A¨eaC? ˚Caⓒ. aC˚CU eE÷ ˝ˇ eC aⓒ?¸ⓒ IfiCAI? eC ?¸ⓒ AAIEE˝ˇ a¸O eIC≤?C˛ˇ O'?ⓒA¨˚ⓒ. U A ˘ '∑C¨ AAIEE˝ˇ a¸O ∂IC¨˘ a¸∏ U¨U a≠A˛ˇ ¨A 0 ?E¸ⓒ ∂U . oC˚'Ø˚O AAIEE˝ˇ a¸O ?ⓒ aC A≤i IIfiO "+" O∑CO? oC˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ ¨A eE÷O ∂IC¨˘ U I √G? ?ⓒ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. eE÷O aⓒ?¸ⓒ.
IfiCAI? A∫E˝ˇ ∂ⓒ˘ ∫÷°? ? 'CO I U˛ˇ aC IfiCAI? e∑≠˚￠ Æ˚≠ ¨ ∫÷°? OIC˚∏ ? 'CO ・U∂˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ '?≠≤i AU ?C˛ˇ AOe?Ca U I¸aC∂ⓒ Ie÷CUi OIC˚∏ ∫÷°? A≤i. eE÷ ˝ˇ Æ˚≠ I U˛ˇ a? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ?≠ U, IfiCAI? ? 'CO 1 ?E¸ⓒ '∑≠ U aC ∂IC ? ¸ⓒ: a¸ⓒA ≤e≠≤˝ˇ I¸ØAU A U e--¸¸≠ ∫ⓒA: I¸ØAU ∫°ai †¸O ¨ I U IfiCAI?. ∫ⓒA˛ˇ aE ⓒ˛ˇ 'AE˝ˇ. eICμ ・´A∂eO AOe«C¨ ¨ AOe«C¨: ?C: eICμ ?I? a? eICμ A U aC˚CU aC˚CU oC¨˛ˇ. ?C˛ˇ eICI˝ˇ ?C. ?C: a? a¸CO I U˛ˇ a¸CO ≤e≠≤˝ˇ FMTD. FMTD A? " 'ACI ¨U∂O/§CIUπ: ?C˛ˇ ≤CÆ˛ˇ ≤CÆ˛ˇ/œ¸≠'ACI I¸fi≠U'O.
IfiCAI? ? 'CO I U˛ˇ eE÷ ˝ˇ ¨A eAU˚¿ AOe?Ca aC˚¸O ≤c￥ / aCA ?≠ ˘ AOe?Ca ¨A < eE÷ ˝ˇ IfiCAI? aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A S 'G? ˚C ?C˛ˇ ?I? '∑≠ U aC ¨A IfiCAI? ? ¸ⓒ, ?√O ¨A IfiCAI? U U a¸O 1-3 IfiCAI? AÆ U a≠A˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ AOe?Ca U AÆ ˚fi˝ˇ eAU˚¿ U I¸eUAO¸ⓒ OIC˚¸ⓒ. ˚fi˝ˇ I¸?UA?¸ⓒ A・≠ OIU ˘ AOe?Ca OICO¸ⓒ §eI I¸?UA?¸ⓒ ?? ¨A A˛ˇ IfiCAI? aⓒ?¸ⓒ.
IfiCAI? ￢UI ¨ FMTD, eE÷ ˝ˇ IfiCAI? IiE a≠A˛ˇ eE÷ ˝ˇ, ¨A < ?E¸ⓒ ? ⓒ, A≤e÷C ˘ ・≠ Oⓒ. I˝ˇ 'ACI œ¸≠ ￢≠˚¤ ≤¸I AaØA¨ ? 'CO 1-7 A? " ?≠ U 'ACI a≠A˛ˇ ∫ⓒA?C˛ˇ FMTD AeUICe¸fl ?E¸ⓒ ?C˛ˇ ∫÷°? ?I¸O a? FMTD oAa? ≤C§eO 'ACI ?C˛ˇ ˚fl AÆ ・U∂˝ˇ A˚ fi? A? " ? ¸ⓒ, AOe?Ca A∫E˝ˇ I U˛ˇ a¸CI?C '≠A§UAO˝ˇ U 1-8 < AOe?Ca aC ≤¸I AaØA¨ oAa? A∫E˝ˇ I U˛ˇ ?C˛ˇ ・Ø˚ ? U a¸CI?C ?C¨i ≤¸I ?? ∂U I˝ˇ A ˘ OIC˚∏ ÆICO˝ˇ I U A˚O aC∂ⓒ. I˝ˇ ≤e≠μ ? ⓒ.
IfiCAI? < ≤c￥ U ?I? A∂eO IfiCAI? u ⓒO÷≠˘ ? 'CO I U˛ˇ IfiCAI? u ⓒO÷≠˘, A∂eO OIC˚¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A ∂ⓒ˘ < O'?ⓒA∂e? AOe«C¨ ?I? ∂ⓒ˘, ¨ ¨ u ⓒO÷≠˘ AOe?Ca ¨A u ⓒO÷≠˘ AOe«C¨ u ⓒO÷≠˘/a¸U≤eO 2-4 'ACI ?≠ U 'ACI a≠A˛ˇ u ⓒO÷≠˘/a¸U≤eO ?I? a≠A˛ˇ ¨ ≤c￥ U IfiCAI? a? eICμ ?≠ U AæC'? 2-5 u ⓒO÷≠˘/a¸U≤eO ?I? O'? IfiCAI? u ⓒO÷≠˘ ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A ?I? ¨ 2-3 AOe«C¨ IfiCAI? ?≠ U u ⓒO÷≠˘ O'?ⓒA∂e? AOe«C¨ O'? < ≤c￥ U IfiCAI? ¨ ?C ?I? I «U¨ A˚O a≠A˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ.
≤e≠≤˝ˇ ?ⓒ?C˛ˇ ・U∂˝ˇ AÆ IoCÆ œ¸≠ A≤e÷C ˘ AÆ oEU・¸≠˛ˇ o?i 2KUP) U KUP ?ⓒ?C˛ˇ A≤ei C˛ˇ (a? OIC˚¸ⓒ. A≤e÷C ˘ Æ˚≠ ≤e≠≤˝ˇ ?ⓒ?C˛ˇ AÆ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ 8 eC ¨?I˝ˇ) (4 a¸O ?ⓒ ?ⓒ ∂IC AÆ ¨A ?C¨i ∂IC¨˘ ≤¸I a¸O ≤e≠≤˝ˇ ∂?ª˝ˇ ∂ C≤C˚˝ˇ A≠æ? ?C¨i ≤¸I aC IAIUA ?ⓒ A˚O A¨ . I˝ˇ I°÷U... IoCÆ œ¸≠ ÆICU ?≠ aC∂ⓒ ∂ⓒ˘ e «¸I "'ACI" ¨U˛ˇ a≠ a¸O ?ⓒ U?e¸fi? I¸'≠ . 'ACI œ¸≠ A・≠ ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ AO≠A aC˚≥i I˝ˇ OIC˚¸ⓒ ¨U∂O ¨A ・U∂˝ˇ ?? ∂ⓒ.
I U ¨§e˝ˇ OIU A¨ I∑?ª? 1 ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? 4 'e≠u? 1 A≠ÆAO ⓒ˘ a≠OCI? 2 ∫ⓒA aⓒUU 2 †C'«? 3 3 eE÷O ¨˚Ø eGU˚I e «¸I AIUI˝ˇ aE ⓒ ∫ⓒA˛ 4 4 ・U∂˝ˇ ?C a¸--CO Ie ˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ a¸CO OU∂eO A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? a¸--CO OU∂eO eICμ iai OCIU'¤ ?C˛ eICμ 1 ¨˚C'e˝ˇ eIC≤?C˛ˇ 2 AOoCO eIC≤?C˛ 3 eIC≤?C˛ˇ †´y eICμ ?C˛ˇ ?Ø˚ ? 4 U¨U ˛ˇ A￢EACi 3 §≠Uo˝ˇ A￢EACi 4 ∂ⓒ˘ a¸∏ 5 A§¸≠ ¨˚C'i 6 ?C OU˚￥ ∫Ue˝ a≥i A￢EACi §ⓒICi 7 AA'U?C e «¸ICi 5 5 1 2 1 2 5 SRPG A￢EACi 6 8 9 AaØA¨?C †≥Ca IC∂¸O 1 UA†ⓒ eaⓒ˚E 2 o?CO˝
A˚ e≠Oi §ⓒICi 8 A˚ e≠Oi ?C¨i* 1 ≤¸I ≤≠U˚￥ 2 ¨˚C'e˝ˇ U¨a¸O 6 ・≠'eO Afi￥ ÆI¸ ? a￥ aC Afi￥ a¸U≤e? ・≠'eO Afi￥ 1 2 3 AAaUO 4 e «¸ICi 5 ACi A￢E 9 3PM 1 aCÆ˛ 2 Afi≥?C 3 œ¸≠˘ U ∫ⓒA?C 4 ?C¨i A≤i.
1] [I U I∑?ª? AOe?Ca I¸eUAO¸ⓒ I?eE? ?C˛ˇ I°¸? a≠A˛ˇ ¨A ・U∂˝ˇ ÆO'?C˛ˇ AIC ˘ I U, A˚O ¨ ? ¸ⓒ. < 1 '∑C¨ I≥eG¸I eICμ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A 1 I¸eUAO¸ⓒ I U A˚O a? O¸Ø AOe«C¨ †CI ¨ L ?E¸ⓒ '∑≠ U aC ∂IC ∂U˚ⓒ. A§E I≥eG¸IC 2 aⓒ?¸ⓒ. aa≠˚ⓒ. afiC¨ ¨A L R ˚C '∑C¨ ?C¨ a? ¨A [I U] †CAi ¨ aⓒ?¸ⓒ 3 1-1] [I U A≠ÆAO ⓒ˘ ¨A A≠ÆAO ⓒ˘ †CAi e «¸I a¸∏ ¨ aC∂ⓒ A≠ÆAO ⓒ˘ ・U∂˝ˇ §UA?¸ⓒ I˝ˇ A・≠ OIC˚¸ⓒ. 'ACI 1-2] [I U e «¸I a¸∏ ¨ aC∂ⓒ ≤fiUi †CAi ¨ 'G? ・U∂˝ˇ §UA?¸ⓒ I˝ˇ A・≠ OIC˚¸ⓒ.
eUo? ?? ∂U I˝ˇ 'ACI ÆICO˝ˇ 'G? ・U∂˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ I∑?ª? ・≠u? ∂UOⓒ. IeªE ?I≠A˘ eE÷O a? I¸fi≠U'O U ・U∂˝ˇ OIU . §ªU∫˝ˇ eUAU I˝ˇ ¨A AU I?eªCi * 1-x-1] [I U ? ¸ⓒ 'ACI ? ¸ⓒ. 'ACI ¨A I e?a ?C˛ˇ e «¸I a¸∏ 1-x-2] [I U §ªU∫˝ˇ e «¸I Æ˚≠ A¨A˛ˇ Æ˚≠ ∫U¨i a? ∫CIi U A≠ÆAO ⓒ˘ 'G? †CAi AÆ a--¸≠ ?ⓒAO ?≠ aC∂ ⓒ. I˝ˇ '?≠≤i U¨U ˛ U A≠ÆAO ⓒ˘ ÆO", AOUAŒ †CAi ¨ ¨A ・U∂˝ˇ ÆO" OUŒ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC AIfiCU A˚O aC ?¸ⓒ. ?≠A¨ œ¸≠˘ ÆO" ∫ⓒA˛ I¸ⓒ?ⓒ. ¨A A￢≠Ay I°¸? aC I√Ca¤ ÆO" OUŒ e «¸I AIfiCU ∂IC OIC˚¸ⓒ.
1] [I U I∑?ª? a¸--CO ÆO" aC∂¸ⓒ. I˝ˇ ?E¸ⓒ ∫÷°? ∫ⓒA˛ˇ ?≠ U Æ˚C ˚C U ?I ?E¸ⓒ ?E¸ⓒ ∫÷°? ∫ⓒA˛ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A ÆO" OUŒ eUAO¸ⓒ ∫÷°? a? ?C ¨ ∫ⓒA˛ I˝ˇ AIfiCU A˚O OIU U 'ACI aC ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ?E¸ⓒ?C ∫ⓒA˛ˇ e «¸I OICO¸ⓒ. e «¸I ¨A A? " æ≠a? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ A￢≠Ay I°¸? ¨ a? eUo? aC ?≠ U aCÆ A? " OICO¸ⓒ. e «¸I ¨A ?≠ U aCÆ A? " eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ A￢≠Ay I°¸? a? eUo? aC AIEfi≠ I˝ˇ ¨A I°¸? e «¸I a≠A˛ˇ ∫ⓒA I¸ØAU aU U ∫ⓒA˛ e «¸I U∫E ˚C ?√O e «¸I AoCÆ˘ ?ⓒ.
2] [I U eICμ iai 2-1] [I U OCIU'¤ ?C˛ eICμ O∑CU ¨A O∑ⓒ˘ A ˘ aC≤¶ A§¸≠A ?C˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ I U A˚O ? ¸ⓒ TM§¸≠˘ ¨A AO?C ・≠'e? eICμ ?C ∂IC¨˘ A˚O aC eUAO¸ⓒ OICO¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ ¨A AU I˝ˇ ∂IC I¸ⓒ?ⓒ. eC¨˚¶ U ≤CAi U 2-2] [I U ¨˚C'e˝ˇ eIC≤?C˛ˇ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC I¸ⓒ?ⓒ. O∑CU ¨A ∂ⓒ˘ ¨˚C'i A§¸≠A ?C˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ I U A˚O ¨A AU eC¨˚¶ U ≤CAi U ? ¸ⓒ TM§¸≠˘ ¨A AO?C ・≠'e? eICμ ?C ∂IC¨˘ A˚O aC OICO¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ 2-3] [I U ∂ⓒ˘ AOoCO eIC≤?C˛ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC I¸ⓒ?ⓒ.
2] [I U eICμ iai 2-5-1] [I U IfiCAI? Iⓒi ≤CAi, ∫U¨i a? ¨A eIC≤?C ?E¸? ÆICU ˚ⓒU AoCÆ˘ ∂IC a? AIE A˚O ? ¸ⓒ. ∫÷≠ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ Ioⓒ A O¸Ø ¨A eICμ eC˚I≠ ?ⓒ. I˝ˇ iCO¸? U ?¸G? 1 aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ AOe«C¨ †CI ¨ ¨A [I U] < UA¨ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A L U R ˚C aⓒ?¸ⓒ, '∑C¨ I≥eG¸I eICμ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A 2 ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A eICμ ?Ø˚ ? ≤c￥ a≠ ˘, afiC¨ eICμ iai a? ∂ⓒU eIC≤?C˛ˇ < IfiCAI? ?≠ U 'ACI a≠A˛ˇ eIC≤?C, eICO eICμ, A§≠˚O I¸∑U : OIC˚CU Æ˚≠ I U˛ˇ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A e «¸I ∂ⓒ˘, AOoCO eIC≤?C˛ˇ Iⓒi 2 3 ¨˚C'e˝ˇ, ?E˝ˇ.
A≤i) ?C¨i ≤¸I a? (I≠aU? 2-5-3] [I U e «¸ICi eA≠'? e «¸I * e--¸¸≠ O≠ß AU¨ U aⓒ≤i a≠A˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. eA¸¸O I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A aUA˝ˇ UA†ⓒ U aUI OUŒ I U A˚O ¨ UA†ⓒ ˚C aUI AOe?Ca a≠A˛ˇ a'¸≠˚ⓒ. eICμ §U˚∏ ∂afi? aC UA†ⓒ, A¨˚ⓒ. O¸CÆ 2 a¸O ?ⓒ a? ¨A ¨A˚o aUI UA†ⓒ?C˛ˇ eICO ? ¸ⓒ, UA¨ ¨A $￡@ ?C˛ˇ O∑CO? I¸?UA?¸ⓒ A・≠ ¨A ?C O∑CO? I¸?UA?¸ⓒ A・≠ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A * ?E¸ⓒ ≤c￥ ?≠ ˘ aC‡ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ UaC¨˘ ¨A * ?E¸ⓒ ?¸ⓒ, e--¸¸≠ , , ˚C 2, ?C˛ˇ eE÷O oØ ・¸≠ , ?≠A¨ A≤e÷C ˘ IU¨ UA†ⓒ?C U?e¸fi? a¸O ?ⓒ a? ∂IC OI¸'¸≠ .
2] [I U eICμ iai 2-6] [I U A¨ a˝ˇ (o˝ˇ SRPG ￢≠˚¤ AÆ ∂afi? AÆ I˝ˇ I∑?º ∂afi? a? AeªCI ÆICU ∂ⓒ˘ Iⓒi A ˘ O¸Ø U SRPG A￢EACi AOeGCI ?ⓒ A￢EACi †oI I˝ˇ OIC˚∏ ¨A Aμ) ・≠ . 2-6-1] [I U IfiCAI? ÆICU aa¸ ¸ⓒ. eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A A§≠˚O ÆICU ?C IfiCAI? ?I? U IfiCAI? A￢EACi †oI eICI˝ˇ Iⓒi ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ Ioⓒ A ¨A IfiCAI? 2-6-2] [I U ¨A Iⓒi ˚C ∂ⓒ˘ ¨˚C'i ∂ⓒ˘, A￢EACi †oI A¨≤CI A￢EACi †oI aa¸ ¸ⓒ.
3] [I U AaØA¨?C 3-1] [I U †≥Ca IC∂¸O æ≠a, e÷≠˚¤, I¸aC∂ⓒ:oIO, A∫E˝ˇ AIE '∑C¨ I°C≤a? AEIi A¨A˛ˇ †≥Ca IC∂¸O A˚O eG≥¸I. ?I? AAⓒA ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ ?¸ⓒ. 4 AOe?Ca a≠A˛ˇ AÆ￢≠˚¤ ¨A ¨A a¸IC˚∏ ?E¸ⓒ '∑C¨ ¨A Ioⓒ ] aa≠˚ⓒ. AA∑C¨˛ˇ AAⓒA * afiC¨ ˚C ?E¸ⓒ '∑≠ U aC ¨A'∑C¨ [a≠・∑i] < ?I? 3 ?I? '∑C¨ aC 4 efi≠A¨ a≠A˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ ¨A AAⓒA 5 AAⓒA 6 U ?≠ U aC‡ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A C ?E¸ⓒ AAⓒA # ?E¸ⓒ aC'∑≠ U I ÷˝ˇ OIC˚¸ⓒ. UA¨ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A 7 †≥Ca ?C¨aCIC∂¸O §CeI? a≠A˛ˇ 8 [e «¸I < AEICi 2 ≤c￥ ¨Aaa¸ ¸ⓒ.
3] [I U AaØA¨?C 3-3] [I U o?CO˝ aa¸ ¸ⓒ. aC ¨A ?≥e ⓒ §CΩ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A o?CU ÆICO˝ˇ IfiCU ˚fl a? ∂?≠?C˛ˇ ≤CAe?C˛ˇ IeAE¤ ?? ∂?≠?C˚˝ˇ ≤CAi 1 aa¸ ¸ⓒ. ?¸ⓒ. e--¸¸≠ O«≠ IU¨ . AIⓒ˘ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ L ∂?≠ a≠￢a¤ ¨A ÆICU I¸eUAO¸ⓒ < R '∑≠ U U ?I? 3-4] [I U ? ¸ⓒ. æa? A˛ˇ iCO¸? ≤CAi 52 ∫Ue˝ˇ a¸CO '∑≠ U aC ∫ⓒA 01 eC 2 æa? I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂IC 3-4-1] [I U ∫ⓒA æa? ? ¸ⓒ. æa? ∫Ue˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ ˚C A∂i ∫Ui æa? I U˛ˇ ¨ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC O∑CU ¨A æa? aC?¸ICOⓒ˘ ÆICU ∂IC a? ≤e'C˘ æa? ∂≠UŒ aC 1 I¸ⓒ?ⓒ. aⓒ?¸ⓒ.
3-5] [I U IEU ˛ ? ⓒ˘ e «¸I A?UA˘ ÆO" A? " ˚fl IEU ˛ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ∂IC ? 'CI˝ ? ¸ⓒ. e «¸I ¨A §U A˚ⓒ ?≠ ˘ e «¸I ?aE| ?? ÆO'˝ ?C˛ A? " ∂U˚ⓒ, I˝ ?CaE¸i A˚O UA¨ ?? ∂UOⓒ. IUoU : A? " ?≠ U U˚≠A˚∏ ˚C BAGFEDC) : 7 (1 ~ ? ¸ⓒ: AIE Æ˚≠ e≠e¸a Iⓒi AOⓒAÆ˘ 9 a? ?¸GC| ≤fiUe˝ eC ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ ¨A a? Oi, I∑?ªCi ? ⓒ. I˝ 0 I˝ IUoa ∂U . e «¸I ¨A AæC'? oⓒ˚ⓒ A U '∑C¨ ?aE˝ ?C˛ Oi Oi †C'«? ∂ⓒ˘, A≤e÷C ˘ †C'«? ∂U˚ⓒ.
4] [I U ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? 4-1] [I U eE÷O OIC˚¸ⓒ. aCÆ U A ˘ '∑C¨ ¨A [A≤CI˝] > ?E¸ⓒ '∑C¨ aC ¨A eE÷O < ?I? AOe«C¨ †CAi ¨ 'e≠u? AaeⓒA 1 eE÷O 'e≠u? a? ¨'eO a≠A˛ˇ OICO¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A a≠OCI? 2 'e≠u? 4-1-1] [I U o≥eoU eE÷O) 'e≠ AÆ ?≠ U (eE÷O aC ?Iu ¸O OIC˚¸ⓒ. aCÆ [A≤CI˝] OIC˚¸ⓒ. o≥eoU ¨A §U > ?E¸ⓒ '∑C¨ aC ¨A eE÷O 'e≠ AaeⓒA eE÷O 'e≠ ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? I U˛ˇ a? ¨'eO ?¸ⓒ. a¸ⓒA OIU U UA¨ '∑C¨ ¨A aC ¨A A˚I¸E A ¨μ ˚C O«≠ IU¨ < AOe?Ca A≤I I¸eUAO¸ⓒ 1 ?I? 2 ∂IC 3 ? ¸ⓒ.
4-1-2] [I U AæC'? I¸eUAO¸ⓒ eE÷O 'e≠ ?C˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ a? AIEfi¨ A˚O oⓒ˚ⓒ A'ØU U ?C¨ a? aC ? ¸ⓒ. a≠ U ・ oC˚∏ A¨ . ¨A ∂IC¨˘ 002 ・ oC˚∏ eE÷O 'e≠ †C'«? I¸∑U . I?Ca≠Ae˝ˇ ∂afi? a? I≠aU? ?C¨i A˚O ?C¨i ≤¸I ¨ AIC OIC˚¸ⓒ UA¨ †≠y 02 eC A≤I ?≠ a≠A˛ˇ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂IC A¨ . ?C¨i ≤¸I †C'«? a? a≥e'˝ˇ ≤¸I †C'«? aCÆ [A≤I?C] > '∑≠ U aC ¨A eE÷O 'e≠ AaeⓒA ?C¨ a? AIC ˘ †CAi ¨ 1 ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ ¨A O«≠ IU¨ eE÷O oⓒ˚ⓒ A'ØU U ?E¸ⓒ AOe?Ca aC I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂IC 2 OIC˚¸ⓒ.
4] [I U ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? 4-1-3] [I U ・¸≠Oⓒ˘ eICμ ・≠U˘ O¸Ø ・≠U˘ 7 ?E ¨ U A∂e? AøU 02 eC I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ・≠U˘ ?≠ ¨ ? ¸ⓒ. eA≠˚? I¸eUAO¸ⓒ aC∂¸ⓒ ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A [AOe?Ca] < ≤c￥ '∑C¨ ¨A [A≤CI˝] > ?I? ¨'e?, ・¸≠Oⓒ˘ eICμ ・≠U˘ ?≥Ii a? 1 2 aⓒ?¸ⓒ. ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A §U O«≠ IU¨ ・≠U˘ OCO [AOe?Ca], < '∑≠ U aC ∂IC¨˘ OIC˚∏ A˚ⓒ. ?≠ ˘ AOe?Ca ?? ?ⓒ I˝ˇ O∑CU ¨A 3 * ?C˚˝ˇ ・≠U˘ AAøC˛ˇ ・¸≠Oⓒ˘ eICμ ・≠U˘ ÆO" * I∑?º I?ªU∫˝ˇ ÆO" ・≠U˘, AAøC˛ˇ eICμ a≠A˛ˇ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂IC ? ¸ⓒ. A¨˚ⓒ.
4-1-4] [I U ≤≠˚O ・¸≠˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ eC 2 aC 9 A≤CI˝ˇ ?E¸ⓒ?C˛ˇ AÆ ˚fl ?≠ A¨eaC? A˚oC AIfiCU a? ?E¸ⓒ?C A˚O '∑≠ U aC A¨ . UoU ≤≠˚O ・¸≠˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ o?i ? ¸ⓒ. eE÷O I¸eUAO¸ⓒ I≥eG¸IC| iCO¸? eE÷O 'e≠ 2-3 Iⓒi aCÆ? ¸ⓒ. ¨A eE÷O 'e≠ [A≤CI˝] ¨A'∑C¨ [AOe?Ca] < > ?I? aC'∑≠ U ・¸≠˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ 1 a? 2 ¨A IU¨ ˛ˇ I¸?UA?¸ⓒ u COu? ac≠ AÆ˚ⓒ. eE÷O 'e≠ ¨ o≥eoU a? ≤c￥ ?≠ ˘ 3 AOe?Ca ¨A A≤I ˚fl A U A§eªCΩ ・Ø˚ ? ≤≠˚O ・≠'eO eICμ eU≤? ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca A≤I eª°¸￠ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A e--¸¸≠ A U ˚C ?≠ U aC‡ U ?≠ ˘ 4 ?¸ⓒ.
4] [I U ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? ・Ø˚ ? I∑C?ⓒ˘ ・Ø˚ ? I∑C?ⓒ˘ '?≠≤i a? aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ?C ¨A [AOe?Ca] < ?I? ≤c￥ ¨'e?, ?C 'G? ?? ? ¸ⓒ e «¸I ￢U¨˛ˇ U eªU˚≠ ?? ? ¸ⓒ e «¸I ￢U¨˛ˇ OCO ? ¸ⓒ. e «¸I ∂IC¨˘ U ¨A eE÷O 'e≠ '?≠≤i aⓒ?¸ⓒ. O∑CU ¨A : OCO e ?C - ¨A eE÷O 'e≠ '?≠≤i aⓒ?¸ⓒ. O∑CU ¨A OCO : eªCU˚≠ aC - OCO OIC˚∏ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A eE÷O 'e≠ '?≠≤i ∂IC¨˘ U OCO : * - 4-1-6] [I U IUA¨ eICO ?c˝ˇ ?c˝ˇ ≤e'C˘ ¨†C'«? ¨A ?C¨i ∂IC¨˘ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂IC '≠IC˚¸ⓒ. ¨≤¸I IUoU a´˚≠A≤i. AIfiCU O¸Ø AIE A˚O Afi￥ ? ¸ⓒ.
4-1-7] [I U ?E˝ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. aC‡ ¨A eE÷O ?I? ?E˝ˇ U ≤¸I †´y ¨ ∂ⓒ˘ †´y iai ?C˛ˇ U¨U ˛ˇ ?E¸? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC A¨ . AI ¸e˝ˇ ?ⓒ a? O¸CÆ ?CaE¸i A˚O A ˘ ・Ø˚ ? U¨U˛ˇ OIC˚¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ?≠ U aC‡ ¨A'∑C¨ [A≤CI˝] > ・Ø˚ ? ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A [AOe?Ca] < 1 †C'«? 2 ?ⓒ 3 ¨A ?C¨i a≠A˛ˇ ¨A'∑C¨ [a≠・∑i] > ˚C ?≠ U] [?aUI < U ≤¸I ˚C eE÷O ?≠ ˘ UA¨ ¨A AI ¸e˝ˇ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. 4-1-8] [I U §ⓒICi ≤≠U˚≥?C˛ˇ ¨A A￢EACi A¸≥i I¸eUAO¸ⓒ I U A˚O ¨ A￢EACi eICμ ∂IC¨˘ * I?Ca≠Ai ∂afi? a∑e¸aCO˝ˇ ¨∫U¨i '≠IC˚¸ⓒ.
4] [I U ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? 4-2] [I U ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? ¨AEμ I¸∑U . ΔC?≠ eGU˚I ˚fl I¸∑U˚ⓒ I U A˚O UA¨ ÆICO¸fi? ?C O∑CO? U ∫÷°? ¨ A¨ . ?≠A¨ aC˚CU ?Iu CU eC¨˚¶ a≠A˛ˇ a?∑?C˚˝ˇ ¨A eC¨˚¶ ?? U?i ?≠ A¨ . ?≠A¨ †C'«?) (eGU˚I, a≠A˛ˇ OIC ?C˚˝ˇ ∫÷°? I∑?º §CO? ˚fl U I¸fi ⓒ a¸ⓒA e--¸¸≠ AU I√Ca¤ eGU˚I I¸ⓒ?¸ⓒ, e--¸¸≠ ?C¨ a? I≠aA˝ˇ O IC˛ˇ IfiC I¸∑U . I∑?º §CΩ ¨UÆ eA¸¸O o?i ∂ⓒ˘ eGU˚I I U˛ˇ ¨ ¨A AEIi A˚O A・≠ a¸Caⓒ. ¨A IA¸O ¨UÆ eC ∂ⓒ §UA?ⓒ a≠ ˘ A¨ . UoU AO≠UÆ ¨ ˚C A∂i ˚fl ˚C a≠OCI? ˚fl ?? AO≥i IA C˛ˇ a? aa¸ ¸ⓒ, eE÷O I¸fi ⓒ.
? ¸ⓒ. e?¸? ˚C <-1] 4-2- A∂i 02 eC [I U oⓒ˚ⓒ A'ØU U †ⓒA?i≠ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ ¨A ?∑ⓒA¨ efi≠A¨, IA¸O, U?i IUæUŒ, IoCÆ, ?E¸ⓒ?C˛ˇ '∑≠ U aC †C'«? ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A oⓒ˚ⓒ ?≠ U AæC'? [AOe?Ca] aⓒ?¸ⓒ. aⓒ?¸ⓒ. ?≠ U] [?aUI < '∑C¨ ¨A ≤c￥ OIU ˘ <-2] I∑?º ¨A ¨UÆ?C˛ˇ a≠A˛ˇ ˚C A∂e?C˚˝ˇ < '∑≠ U aC 1 '∑C¨ ¨A †C'«? 2 A§E ¨A ˚C 4-2- A∂i * * 3 [I U OIC˚∏ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂IC AIfiCU A˚O aC a U˚≥¸ⓒ.
4] [I U ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? 4-3] [I U ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A ¨˚Ø a≠OCI? [AOe?Ca] < '∑≠ U aC 1 '∑C¨ ¨A †C'«? 2 aⓒ?¸ⓒ. aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A ?≠ U] [?aUI < UA¨ ¨A ˚C ≤c￥ OIU ˘ 4-3-<-1] [I U ? ¸ⓒ. A˚oC ˚C oⓒ˚ⓒ †C'«? oⓒ˚ⓒ A∂i 02 eC A∂i 3 ?≠ U AæC'? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ∂IC 4-3-<-2] [I U I∑C?ⓒ˘ OIC˚¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ A˚ⓒ ?≠ ˘ iai ?? ¨A ˚C A∂e?C˚˝ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ∂IC 4-3-<-3] [I U U˚≠A˚∏ ? ¸ⓒ. U˚≠A˚∏ ¨A ˚C A∂i eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ∂IC 4-3-<-4] [I U ?≠ U aC‡ ? ¸ⓒ. aC‡ ¨A ˚C A∂e?C AÆ ˚fl ?≠ eUAO¸ⓒ 4-3-<-5] [I U ? ¸ⓒ.
5] [I U ?C a¸--CO ?UeC˘), a¸CO (≤≠U˚￥ SMS a? ?? A≤i UΔC˚÷˝ˇ ∂CIE I U A˚O §ⓒICi ?C˛ˇ a¸CO ?Iu CU U ∫Ue˝ a≥i A˛ˇ), ¨≤CO? u ⓒ a¸CO (≤≠U˚￥ SMM I¸∑U . I≠aU? ∂afi? 5-1] [I U Ie ˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ a¸CO OU∂eO ? e≠I ¨A a¸--CO ∫÷°Ci ∂IC¨˘ OICO¸ⓒ, eª°¸￠ U OU∂e? ¨A a¸--CO IeO OICO¸ⓒ. a¸--CI?C I U˛ˇ UA¨ [AOe?Ca] < '∑≠ U aC ¨A ?UeC˘ a¸--CO ・Ø˚ ? a U˚≥¸ⓒ, oⓒ˚ⓒ a¸--CO ˚fl I¸?UA?¸ⓒ A・≠ ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ∂U˚ⓒ. aa≠˚ⓒ.
5] [I U ?C a¸--CO a¸U≤i AEIi ? ¸ⓒ. AæC'? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A U˚±˘ †≠Uy eªU˚≠ ?? ?UeC˘ a¸--CI?C˛ˇ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A eªCU˚≠˛ˇ (IUoU ) eªCU˚≠ ∂?ª˝ˇ aU∂? ˚C ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ A¨ A∂e? UoU ? ¸ⓒ. A≤e÷C ˘ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ eE÷O ?UeC˘ a¸--CI?C˛ˇ a≠A˛ˇ ¨ ∂ⓒ˘ ?? ¨A UoU eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ 'e≠u? ¨ ¨A A˚I¸E ? ¸ⓒ. Ie ˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ OIUO? AIC ˘ ?aE Ie ˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ OIUO? AÆ ?C˛ˇ O∑CO˝ˇ ˚C eE÷O 'e≠u? AæC'? a¸--CO a? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A §U eICμ I≠aU? '≠≤eⓒ. I˝ˇ ¨A Ie ˝ˇ A¨≤CI ¨A a¸--CO ? ¸ⓒ.
TM§¸≠˘ I¸fi ⓒ. O'?ⓒA¨˛ˇ §≠Uo˝ˇ A￢EACi ¨ ¨A ?UeC˘ a¸CI?C˛ˇ ?EI OIC˚¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A ?EI OUŒ * ≤C˚Ø eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ U ¨O" ? ¸ⓒ. eA¸¸O eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A OU∂e? ˚C * U ÆI¸ ? a￥ * ¨O" IU?A¸i * a¸CU¨˚ⓒ. eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ue ˚C I≠?Ø ¨A≤i a√≠y, ¨A a¸--CI?C I°eU˚Ci 9T A--e CI? ? ¸ⓒ UA¨ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A §U ?EI? AaeⓒA˛ˇ O∑CU I¸eUAOⓒ ÆICO˝ˇ 'G? I U A˚O ? ⓒ. I˝ˇ eC˚e ¨A ?EI? aC∂ⓒ. ∂ⓒ˘ a¸ ˝ˇ a¸∏ (CBA9T/cba9T/cbA9T) †CAi aG¸? §U ?C¨ ∫U¨i ?? A ˘ ∂U A'ØU U a? A--e CI? 9T ÆaCO?C˛ ? ¸ⓒ.
5] [I U ?C a¸--CO ?C ・Ø˚ ? A¨≤CI * I˝ˇ a÷≠≤e¸ⓒ. ・¸≠Oⓒ˘ u ⓒ˚O a≠A˛ˇ ¨A A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? a¸--CI?C˛ˇ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ・≠ . A¨≤CI aAⓒA ?? ? ¸ⓒ e «¸I ￢U¨˛ˇ ¨A a¸--CO eUAO¸ⓒ ˚C ?C a¸--CO ?E¸? §≠Uo˝ˇ ∫ ⓒU? aU∂? ¨ §U ?C¨ a√U¨ OCIU'¤. A¨≤CI ˚fl AÆ a￥ †e˝ˇ ∂ⓒ, §UA? ⓒ TM§¸≠˘ ≤≠U˚￥ A˚C ?? ? ¸ⓒ ufl §U ≤≠U˚￥ ? ⓒ˘ A¨AO? aC §¸≠. ˚C A≤i IUoU ?˝ˇ AUAU˚i A∂i ? ? OIC˚∏ ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ A¨≤CI AÆ ?aE A˚ⓒ, OU∂e? ?? ¨A A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? a¸CI?C˛ˇ TM§¸≠˘ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ OIUO? aA UAU ˚C §≠Uo˝ˇ A￢EACi ¨ ¨A AæC'? A≤E˚ⓒ ˚fl ? ¸ⓒ.
A≤E˚ⓒ ?CAa e «¸I eC˚I≠ e «¸I ? ¸ⓒ. e «¸I eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A eC˚I≠ ∫ⓒA, U eªU˚≠ IeO, eªU˚≠ ?¸ⓒ. e--¸¸≠ A≤E˚ⓒ ¨ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A a¸CO A≤E˚ⓒ, IeUU U I¸∑U . A ˘ ¨ O∑CU ¨≤CO? ˚fl I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A a¸--CO UoU IeUU ∫U¨i ¨ 'G? U ?? A≤i 'ACI ÆICO˝ˇ 'G? I U aC‡ eªCU˚≠ A'ØU U ÆaCO?C˛ ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A 9T ・≠ ˚ⓒ. a≠ a¸--CO I U˛ˇ a? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ eUo? K51 †oI aC eªU˚≠ AÆ A・≠ OU∂eO ¨ u ⓒ¨≤CO? a¸--CO A˛ˇ ￢UI a? ?¸G? 51 †ⓒA?E AU aC¨・¸≠˛ˇ ÆICU OICO¸ⓒ, A≤e÷C ˘ eUAO¸ⓒ OI˝ˇ ¨A ?E¸ⓒ˛ˇ ?¸u aC¨・¸≠˛ˇ Iⓒi ¨ AOoCI¸ⓒ.
5] [I U ?C 9T a¸--CO ?C¨a≠ ￢≠˚G? ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ a≥≠Ai ¨A a¸CO IeO eC I¸ⓒ?ⓒ AIfiCU ∂IC a? 9T A˚O A¨˚ⓒ. O¸CÆ O«≠ IU¨ A--i AaeⓒA˛ˇ ?≠ U UA¨ a? 'G? ∂IC 9T ¨ ≤e'C˘ A--e CI? ¨ IUoU 'G? AIfiCU A≤i. ∫C ? IU¨ ¨ A--e?C˛ˇ 9T ¨AAœCÆ? ¸ⓒ. a≠ ¨A ?≠?E¸ⓒ AÆ A≤e÷C ˘ aC ?EICi OU∂eO U2eC9OU∂eO˚fl?EI? aCafiC¨ * 1 '∑C¨ ?EI? ˚fl a≠A˛ˇ ˚fiaC¨ 'G? 4 "lriG" OU∂eO a≠A˛ˇ IiCI a√U¨ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. aⓒ?¸ⓒ. †ªUI '∑C¨ ¨A 5 7 4 ˚Caⓒ I˝ˇ e--¸¸≠ ∂IC IeO ΔC?≠ †≠Uy OIU U UA¨ ? 'CO ¨ ?¸ⓒ. A AI? †≠Uy ?≠ U UA¨ a? O?C˚˝ˇ Oe¸o? eC aⓒ?¸ⓒ.
? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A AA'U?C U '∑≠ ˘ ¨A * : ˚'≠ ?C˛ˇ ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A AOe?Ca U AOe?Ca ¨A O«≠ IU¨ ? ¸ⓒ. †C∫E A￢I¸ CU a U˚≥¸ⓒ. A∫E￡ ¨A aAⓒ AU aU †≠y AÆ †≠y ?≠ U UA¨ AÆ ¨≤i U ∂¸U˘ a￥ '∑≠ ˘ ¨A 0 : A≤i ¨≤i †≠y A・≠ ˚C ?aE †≠y D eU≤?U, : O¸≥i ¨≤i †≠y A・≠ ¨A †≠y aAⓒ U 2 ? ¸ⓒ. ?? ¨A : ?EI? I¸?UA?¸ⓒ A・≠ ˚'≠ ?C˛ˇ ∂¸U˘ ・U∂˝ˇ A˛ˇ a¸∑'U ¨ ¨A < ? ¸ⓒ. AæC'? ¨A §U ?EI? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ OaC∂ⓒ, ? ¸ⓒ. AæC'? ¨A 9T A--i 'e≠u? I U˛ˇ aⓒ?¸ⓒ, '∑C¨ U˚≠A˚∏ †CAi aa¸ ¸ⓒ. eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A Æ˚≠ IUA¨ IUoU ¨ UA¨ ¨A §U ?EI? ? ¸ⓒ.
5] [I U ?C a¸--CO 5-3] [I U U¨U ˛ˇ ¨ ∂ⓒ. A￢EACi a¸--CI?C A˚O ∂ⓒ, §UA?¸ⓒ I√EO I¸≠≤ⓒ, ∂IC a≠A˛ˇ a¸--CO U?e¸fi? §UA?¸ⓒ I√EO AU AÆ ∂IC U ∂ⓒ. §UA?ⓒ a ⓒ˛ˇ ￢aG? U¨U ˛ˇ A￢EACi A￢EACi ¨ AEIi eU≤? a¸CO ?≠ ∂U . I∑?º eUAOⓒ a≠A˛ˇ I˝ˇ U¨U ˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ.
I∑C?ⓒ˘ ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ ¨A A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? ?C˛ a¸--CO eUAO¸ⓒ a¸--CO aC≤¶ eUAOⓒ ?ⓒ. a? I˝ ∂IC A U aC≤¶ I˝ˇ '≠≤e ⓒ˘ a? ˚'≠) (eE÷O AOeGCI a÷≠≤e¸ⓒ. eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ˚'≠ oCOa a? ¨A I e?a a¸CO ˚fl IfiCAI? a'¸≠˚ⓒ. eICμ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂ⓒ˘ a≠・∑i ¨˚C'i eE÷O ∂IC¨˘ aC ?≠ U ? ¸ⓒ. †´y aC‡ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A a¸--CO A￢EACi I∑C?ⓒ˘ a≠A˛ˇ ('G? AO?C IUæUŒ '≠≤e ⓒ˘, O∑CO˝ˇ aa¸ ¸ⓒ.
5] [I U ?C a¸--CO 5-4] [I U §≠Uo˝ˇ ¨A §U O∑ⓒ˘ U ∂ⓒ˘ I¸aC∂ⓒ. U¨U ˛ˇ A¨≤CI A￢EACi A¸≥i eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ I U A˚O a? U¨U aC ICO ⓒ o≥eoU AEIfi≠ OIC˚¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ a¸CI?C˛ˇ A￢EACi OIC ?C ∂ⓒ˘ O∑ⓒ˘ A¨≤CI Iⓒ˚C IUAe˝ a¸--CO ] A¨≤CI Iⓒ˚C IUAe˝ a¸--CO ] Iⓒ˚C IUAe˝ a¸--CO e°U˚E eC˚¸ⓒ ∂ⓒ˘ A¨≤CI ?UeC˘ a¸--CO O∑ⓒ˘ A¨≤CI ?UeC˘ a¸--CO ?UeC˘ a¸--CO e°U˚E eC˚¸ⓒ ] ] [ [ [ [ ] ] [ [ ¨A? IC˛ˇ a¸CO: A¨≤CI AÆ a￥ OIC˚∏ ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ ¨A ∂ⓒ˘ A¨≤CI ?C˛ˇ a¸--CO eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC ?ⓒA˚i ? ¸ⓒ.
Ofi≠ ˘A˚ⓒ: A¨≤CI ¨A a¸--CO ÆICO¸fi? OIC˚∏ ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ ¨A O∑ⓒ˘ A¨≤CI ?C˛ˇ a¸--CO eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC A¨≤CI ? ¸ⓒ. A¨≤CI ¨A a¸--CO eUAO¸ⓒ ? ¸ⓒ ? ¸ⓒ. †´y I∑C?ⓒ˘ ¨A §≠Uo˝ˇ A￢EACi a¸--CI?C˛ a? I≠aU? A￢EACi AOⓒ O∑ⓒ˘ A¨≤CI ?? ¨A eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ? ¸ⓒ. ?CO˝ˇ a¸--CO eICO eUAO¸ⓒ AOⓒ O∑ⓒ˘ A¨≤CI ?? ¨A ?CO˝ˇ a¸--CO eICO 5-5] [I U ?? I ≤e¸Ca˝ˇ 63 †´y eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC OU˚￥ a¸∏ eC eUAO¸ⓒ A≤e÷C ˘ aC ∂IC I U, A˚O AÆ u ⓒ¨≤CO? a u a¸--CO A˛ˇ I˝ˇ U A˚O ? ¸ⓒ.
5] [I U ?C a¸--CO 5-6] [I U ∫Ue˝ a≥i ¨˚C'i a∑ U˚ⓒ. eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A ∫Ue˝ˇ a≥i 5-7] [I U A￢EACi §ⓒICi A∂e≠A‡) U ∂afi? a? A≤i (I≠aU? ?? ?≥e ⓒ ∂afi? I?Ca≠Ai eU≤? a≠A˛ˇ a¸CI?C˚˝ˇ A￢EACe˝ˇ a¸CI?C˛ˇ ・ØA¨∂?C˛ˇ uUU A￢EACe˝ˇ †CU˛ˇ a¸--CI?C A˚O ・≠ . I˝ˇ A¨≤CI I∑e≠?¸O ¨A a?C A¨ A≤ C a?C˛ˇ U ?C A¨U§CO? eC?≥˝ˇ, e≠A'¸fl, A§aC¨ ?UA, a? I≠aU? §CΩ ∂IC¨˘ a? O¸CÆ 'U? A￢EACi AÆ ?ⓒAO ?≠ I¸ IC˚ⓒ. '≠A?I a'¸≠˚ⓒ.
5-8] [I U AA'U?C 5-8-1] [I U Ie ˝ ?C˛ OIUO? A¨˚ⓒ. Ie ˝ˇ ?CAa 6 ∂IC 5-8-2] [I U A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? ?C˛ OIUO? AOe?Ca?C˛ˇ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ oⓒ˚ⓒ, ?CAa ?≠ U TM§¸≠˘ AÆ aAⓒ ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ ¨A A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? ?C˛ˇ ?CAa eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC OIC˚∏: eª°¸￠ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A A˛ˇ) (u ⓒ¨≤CO? oCOa? u ⓒ˚O ?C˛ˇ OIUO? U˚≠A˚∏: aa≠˚ⓒ. afiC¨ ¨A Æ˚≠ * * ? ¸ⓒ. ∂IC a? ¨A A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? ?C˛ˇ OIUO? oⓒ˚ⓒ: A'ØU U eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ A˛ˇ, u ⓒ¨≤CO? ?C˛ˇ OIUO? AÆ A≤e÷C ˘ aC a¸CO: OU∂eO a U˚≥¸ⓒ. A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? oⓒ˚ⓒ a¸CI?C˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ.
5] [I U ?C a¸--CO e°U˚E ・ØA¨π A¨≤CI IU'G¸i aC ∂IC a¸CO aa¸ ¸ⓒ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ aE˝ˇ ・Ø˚ ? AOe?Ca ∫U¨i ¨ A≤i. ∂ⓒ˘ ≤≠U˚￥ ?≥e¸ⓒ. AU ?Ø˚ ? a≠ A§i a? I≠?Ø ￢≠˚¤ AÆ aC≤¶ ?C ¨ ∂IC IGCaE ≤U˛ˇ AÆ a¸CO A¨≤CI A˚O AÆ ¨A SMS I≠?Ø O∑CO˝ˇ a÷≠≤e¸ⓒ, ¨A IeO ?? a¸CO ? ¸ⓒ. * ∫U¨i ¨ SMS I U * I≠?Ø * I¸?UA?¸ⓒ A・≠ ¨˚C'i I¸eUAO¸ⓒ 5-9-2] [I U A˛ˇ u ⓒ¨≤CO? a¸--CO AUAU˚i ? ¸ⓒ.
IoCÆ AOUAŒ * ∂?ª˝ˇ a¸CI?C˛ˇ : ∂?ª˝ˇ : aCƨ・CO˝ˇ. a¸CI?C˛ˇ eaE¸--Ci æ≠U¨˛ˇ. A￢EACi A￢EACi : 5-9-3] [I U ∫Ue˝ a≥i I≠?Ø ∫ⓒA˛ˇ I¸≠≤ⓒ, oⓒ˚ⓒ ? ⓒ ¨A ≤¸≥eI A˚O ∂afi? A・≠ ∂ⓒ˘ '≠≤eC ˘ ˚fl ? ¸ⓒ. U?e¸fi? ¨˚C'i ¨A a≥i ∫Ue˝ˇ ∂ⓒ. §UA?ⓒ A ˘ O∑CU ∫÷°? O∑CO? ¨U˛ˇ eUAO¸ⓒ, I˝ˇ I˝ˇ a∑e¸aCO˝ˇ A∫E˝ a∑ U˚ⓒ. eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A ∂ⓒ˘ '≠≤eC ˘ ∫ⓒA?C˛ˇ A∫E˝ˇ ∫÷°? ∫÷°? AOe?Ca aC '≠AIfiCO˝ˇ a? A￢EACi §ⓒICi ¨˚C'i aE? ¨˚C'i ¨A A￢EACe˝ˇ §ⓒICi ∂IC eE÷O ? ¸ⓒ, AOe?Ca ¨A §ⓒICi ≤e¸Ca˝ˇ 67 ≤≠U˚￥ A˚O AÆ - I U A・≠ ?≠ .
5] [I U ?C a¸--CO ?∑ⓒA¨ ÆO" aE? eE÷O I¸fi ¸ⓒ, ¨˚C'i A￢EACe˝ˇ §ⓒICi ≤≠U˚￥ §UA?ⓒ ÆO" ∂IC §¸≠ ・U∂˝ˇ A￢EACe˝ˇ §ⓒICi ¨˚C'i ∫U¨i ¨ - a¸CO ?C˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ U?e¸fi? Æ . ∂IC - †e˝ˇ ・Ø˚ ? A˚O AOe?Ca aC Æ . O?UA?ⓒ ÆO" ÆaCO?C §ⓒICi a¸CO ≤c￥ * * ? ¸ⓒ, AOe?Ca eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨A §U I√EUa ÆaCU '∑≠ U aC ∂ⓒ. §UA?ⓒ A ˘ OIC˚∏ ∂IC I e?a ÆaCU a? A￢EACe˝ˇ 5-9-5] [I U ∂ⓒ˘ ・´A∂e? a¸--CO ˚C afi ¸ⓒ ¨˚C'i ¨A LRU A ¨μ A¨A˛ a¸--CI?C˛ A˚C ?? ¨A ・Ø˚ ? A˚O eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ? ¸ⓒ.
6] [I U Afi￥ ・≠'eO U¨a¸O a? ?C ¨ AÆ U¨a¸O A≤e÷C ˘ aC ¨†≠?i ? 'CI¸fi? ・UOC・UU ?C˛ˇ AÆ∫° ? ?≥e¸ⓒ ?≥e¸ⓒ. 6-1] [I U ・≠'eO Afi￥ aCÆ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. ¨A O P ˚C ˚C ・U∂˝ˇ < '∑C¨ ¨A O ¨A'∑C¨ ˚C ˚C < ・≠'eO Afi￥ a≠A˛ˇ ・Ø˚ ? 1 eC ? ¸ⓒ eI≠?Ø IUæUŒ ¨U˛ˇ aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ 2 ∂ⓒ˘ ・≠'e? Afi￥ TM§¸≠˘ a≠A˛ˇ 3 U≤c￥ OIU ˘ a'¸≠˚ⓒ ¨A eªU¨˚≠ ≤c￥ U ?¸ⓒ. ¨ †CAi ¨ AOe?Ca ¨A U¨a¸O I≠oO! aC AO≠A aب・ ICO˝ˇ U e «¸ICi a o≠˘ ¨O" ¨U∂ CO˝ˇ, eªU˚≠, AOⓒAÆ˘ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC ? ¸ⓒ.
6] [I U U¨a¸O eUo? ¨ ¨A ?C Afi￥ aC˚ⓒ ∂IC eªU˚≠˛ˇ, 'e≠eE÷O AÆ A≤e÷C ˘ a≠A˛ˇ a'¸≠˚ⓒ. a¸fi≥E 84x84 AaAC * ?E¸ⓒ ˚fl ≤C§eO 'ACI ? ¸ⓒ. oCaoC I¸fi ¸ⓒ e «¸I I¸fi ⓒ. TM§¸≠˘ ∂U˚ⓒ. §C¨o U¨a¸O U OIC ˛ˇ AOe?Ca ・Ø˚ ? : ・≠'e? ¨A eªU˚≠ : AƆCAi ˚C a≠・∑e? ? ¸ⓒ. TM§¸≠˘ U ¨ ?aE˝ˇ I U˛ˇ a? : ・≠'e? ¨A eªU˚≠ : SMM. AAaUO. ¨A : ∂ⓒ˘ ? ¸ⓒ. A∫E￡ ¨A ?? L R UD O > P - - - - - ￢≠˚¤ AÆ A¨≤CI : - eªU˚≠ ?≠ U TM§¸≠˘ : - : - eªU˚≠. ?≠ U aC‡ 6-2] [I U ÆI¸ ? a￥ aC Afi￥ ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A a'¸≠ .
6-3] [I U a¸U≤e? ・≠'eO Afi￥ a'¸≠˚ⓒ. ¨a˝ˇ a˝ˇ ¨A Afi￥ ˚ⓒ. 9 †ⓒA?i≠ †CAi A˚O ¨ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ I¸eUAU AO≠A D '∑≠ U aC Afi￥ ・≠'eO AÆ ?≠ . TM§¸≠˘ ¨A Afi￥ I¸eUAU < a￥ '∑≠ U aC I≠oO Afi￥ 6 I¸eUAO¸ⓒ 'G? ? ¸ⓒ AOe?Ca ¨A 042x023 ?¸÷¸i A・≠ a'¸≠˚ⓒ. ¨A Afi￥ 9 eAⓒA 061x821, ?¸÷¸i aC U a'¸≠˚ⓒ 6-4] [I U * AAaUO I≠aU￢? eªU˚≠ ?Iu ¸O ? ¸ⓒ A¨≤CI U AOe?Ca ¨A eªU˚≠ ˚fl I¸eUAO¸ⓒ AOe?Ca §U ・U∂˝ˇ OIC˚∏ ∫÷°? ÆI¸ ? a￥ A UAU a? ¨AI¸eUAO¸ⓒ. OIC˚¸ⓒ. 6-4-1] [I U Afi≥?C eICO ? ¸ⓒ.
6] [I U U¨a¸O 6-4-3] [I U ÆI¸ ? a￥ aC Afi≥?C˛ aa¸ ¸ⓒ. I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A eªU˚≠?C ?I? AOe?Ca aa¸ ¸ⓒ. I¸eUAO¸ⓒ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A Afi￥ ˚fl ¨˚fl ¨A ∫÷°? OIUO? 9 †ⓒA?i≠ OICO˝ˇ: u ⓒ AÆ￢≠˚¤ A˛ˇ: u ⓒ¨≤CO? ?C˛ˇ a¸--CO OU∂eO SMM, * - - ? ¸ⓒ. A¨≤CI OIC˚∏ ∫÷°? ¨Uπ §U ?C¨ a√U¨ a? ÆI¸ ? a￥ aA UAU ¨A eªU˚≠ ˚fl ÆI¸ ?: eªU˚≠ e «¸I OIC˚¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca I˝ˇ AoCÆ˘ ∂IC a? I U A˚O A≤E˚ⓒ: OIC˚∏ ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ A≤E˚ⓒ OIC˚∏ ?ⓒ ? ¸ⓒ. †´y I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A eªU˚≠ ˚fl ? ¸ⓒ: †´y U˚≠A˚∏: A UAU A￢EACi: OIC˚∏ ? ¸ⓒ.
U˚≠A˚∏: A UAU A￢EACi: OIC˚∏ ? ¸ⓒ. eA¸¸O I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A Afi￥ A UAU U eC¨˚¶ AOⓒAÆ˘, A UAU, ¨aC¨˘ A￢EACe˝ˇ A˚O ¨ A∂eaC?˝ˇ a√U¨ eC eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ ∂ⓒU ・≠'e? ÆICU ? ¸ⓒ ?÷E ¨A eªU˚≠ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC †÷CΔi: O∑U . aC‡ - - - I U 6-5] [I U e «¸ICi 6-5-1] [I U ? ¸ⓒ. ufl ¨A §CA˝ˇ †C'«? U †C'«? UæA¸i eªU˚≠ Δ≠'¸i eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ 6-5-2] [I U ? ¸ⓒ. aC‡ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A ¨†C'«? ∂ⓒ˘ AAaUO ?≠ TM§¸≠˘ U aC‡ ?C˛ˇ Afi￥ ?I? 6-5-3] [I U §U ?C¨ TM§¸≠˘ ? ⓒ.
7] [I U e «¸ICi OIC˚¸ⓒ. e «¸I ¨A Æ˚≠ I U?C˛ˇ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ §U ¨A†e˝ˇ a≠A˛ˇ 1 aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ AOe«C¨ †CI ¨A ¨ [I U] < aⓒ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A 7 e «¸ICi a? I≥eG¸I ¨'eO 7-1] [I U ? ¸ⓒ. e «¸I Æ U ÆO" a≠A˛ˇ ¨A §U O«≠ a≠A˛ˇ ≤CAi ÆO" a≠A˛ˇ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ÆO" OUŒ 5 eC AOe?Ca ¨A ¨U∂O ・Ø˚ ? OIC˚¸ⓒ. UA¨ 1 a≠A˛ˇ ¨A §U IU¨ O«≠ a≠OCI? I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂IC U∂ a? oIA?, U∂ a? ˚fiaC¨, IiE|: 2 IU¨ ? ¸ⓒ eA≠˚? Æ U ÆO" ≤CAi 2 ≤CAi U OIU ˘ ∂ a?, ?¸ⓒ. '∑C¨ ¨A ?≠ U] [?aUI < U AOe?Ca ¨A I√EUa ÆO" OCO ?¸ⓒ.
7-3-1] [I U OIC˚∑'≠ ÆI¸ ? eªU˚≠ ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A L ˚C R '∑≠ U aC ÆI¸ ? a￥ A UAU ÆI¸ ? a￥ eªCU˚≠ a? AOe«C¨, * ¨†CAi A∫E˝ˇ DCL '≠¡ a¸∏ - ¨A Ie°≠‡ eªU˚≠ ˚C eªU˚≠ ˚fl ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂?ª˝ˇ aU∂? AOe?Ca I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ÆI¸ ? a￥ A UAU a? ¨A Ie°≠‡ eªU˚≠ ˚fl ˚C eªU˚≠ ˚fl ? ¸ⓒ. DCL U ≤CAi ˚o¸eCI '≠A˝, DCL '≠A˝ˇ - OIC˚∑'≠ ÆI¸ ? a￥ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ∂IC ? ¸ⓒ. eA¸¸O ¨A AOCAU‰ ≤CAi ・U∂˝ ￢≠￡ ¨ OIC˚∏ a? '≠A˝ˇ I U?C˛ˇ ¨U˛ ?? ¨A ÆI¸ ? a￥ Afi≥?C˛ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ∂IC e--¸¸≠ A˚ ⓒ, I˝ ?¸ⓒ.
7] [I U e «¸ICi ∂afi? OCO ? ⓒ˘) OIC˚∑'≠ ¨U˛ˇ ≤≠U˚￥ (OCO ∂afi? OCO ∂ⓒ. * ? ¸ⓒ, e «¸I ¨U∂O ¨U˛ˇ A・≠ §UA?ⓒ I∑C?ⓒ˘ A§E˝ˇ DCL 7-3-2] [I U ÆaCU A˚O ¨A ?C a¸--CO OIC˚∏ ÆaCU eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC †CAi a≠ e--¸¸≠ ・´A∂i. §UA?ⓒ eCi¸≠ O¸Ø ÆaCU U¨U ˛ˇ eE÷O e--¸¸≠ §U ?¸ⓒ. ¨ 7-4] [I U eICμ e «¸ICi ˚fl a? I≠aU? I U˛ˇ e «¸ICi I U˛ˇ ¨ [AOe?Ca] < '∑≠ U aC I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ? ¸ⓒ. 'ACI ¨A eE÷ ˝ˇ IfiCAI? 7-4-1] [I U eICμ AOeGCI AoCÆ˘ ∂IC I eGE ˚'≠ ∂IC¨˘ a? ¨A ?C ∫Ue˝ˇ, eIC≤?C˛ˇ ? ⓒ.
IUA¨ I¸fi ⓒ. A--U ¨A IfiCAI? AOeGCI eICO A--U ≤eU¨Ai eICO * '?≠≤i Æ˚≠ A≤i. ∂ⓒ˘ A ˘ O∑CU Æ˚≠ ¨ IfiCAI? AOeGCI I U?C˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ 'ACI I¸≥CÆ . 'ACI ¨A Ie CΔ≠ ?C˛ˇ eE÷O eIC≤?C˛ˇ eICI˝ˇ - ≤≠U˚￥ ∫Ue˝ a≥i oAa? AIEfi≠ A˚O a¸--CI?C I≠?Ø a? eIC≤?C AOeGCI O¸≥i. I¸≥≠ 'fi≥?C ?I? U A￢EACe˝ˇ ¨ ˚'≠ ∂IC¨˘ I¸fi ⓒ. UA¨ AOeGCI a≠A˛ˇ ¨A O«≠ IU¨ ∂IC¨˘ AE?? IU¨ I¸fi ⓒ. TM§¸≠˘ ¨A A§¸≠ ∂IC¨˘ 5 A--U I¸≥CÆ . œ¸≠'ACI ¨A Ie CΔ≠ †CAi aa¸ ¸ⓒ.
7] [I U e «¸ICi A¨≤CI I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ['≠≤eC U] S ?E¸ⓒ '∑≠ U aC 'G? 'G? * ? ¸ⓒ AOe?Ca ¨A I U A˚O A・≠ ?¸ⓒ. oUAa ¨A eE÷O 7-4-3] [I U a÷≠≤e¸ⓒ ¨A ∂IC¨˘ A≤i) I≠aU? A∂e≠A‡ U ∂afi? (a? 'ACI ˚'≠ eE÷O a? ∂IC eICμ AOeGCI ∂ⓒ. §UA?ⓒ A ˘ ? 'CO ・Ø˚ ? A˚O O∑CU 'ACI ¨∫U¨i UO eE÷O ¨U˛ˇ ∂IC eE÷O ∂IC¨˘ aU U œ¸≠'ACI ∂IC¨˘ ˚'≠ eE÷O a? ∂IC eICμ ∂ⓒ. ? 'CO ・Ø˚ ? A˚O O?UA?ⓒ A ˘ O∑CU UO aU U 'ACI ∫U¨i ¨ * ¨∫U¨i eE÷O ¨U˛ˇ ∂IC eE÷O ∂afi? aC e «¸I UoU * * eE÷O ∂IC¨˘ I¸fi ¸ⓒ AOe?Ca ¨A I U A˚O A・≠ a÷≠≤e¸ⓒ.
7-4-6] [I U eICμ efi≠A¨ 'ACI ∂ⓒ. O?UA?ⓒ A ˘ OIC˚∏ ∂IC eICμ ?C˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ œ¸≠'ACI O?UA?ⓒ AœCÆ ∂ⓒ. Ioⓒ A| ・¸≠˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ * a≠?≠A¨O'≠ A・≠eICμ †CAi * ¨A˚O 7-5] [I U AI ¸e˝ ≤¸≥eI 7-5-1] [I U a¸O eGCæC˛ˇ AÆ∂IC ≤e'C˘ ?≠ U ¨U∂O ? 'CO I U A˚O OIU U 'ACI aC ∂ⓒ. §UA?ⓒ a¸O ?ⓒ UA¨ ?≠ U I U˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A ¨U∂O/§CIUπ I U˛ˇ ¨A eE÷O ÆICO¸fi? aⓒ?¸ⓒ e--¸¸≠ ¨A ∂ⓒ˘ e «¸I UæO a?UA?¸ⓒ A・≠ ? ¸ⓒ. UA¨ ¨A a¸O ?ⓒ aC˚ⓒ I¸fi ¸ⓒ ¨U∂O 2 §UA?ⓒ∂ⓒ. ?÷E eE÷O ? ¸ⓒ UA¨ œ¨AE? a¸O ?ⓒ aC¨ 3 AÆ a¸∑e≠ A・≠ A∂i.
7] [I U e «¸ICi 7-5-2] [I U eE÷O ?÷E afiC¨aa≠˚ⓒ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A AI ¸e˝ˇ ?ⓒ IoCÆ œ¸≠ A≤e÷C ˘ AÆ Aoe Ca a≠A˛ˇ eE÷O aC∂ⓒ 'ACI AI ¸e˝ˇ ?÷E I U˛ˇ A・≠ ? ¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨U∂O ¨A eE÷O U?e¸fi? ≤CÆ˚ⓒ 'ACI §U a?U ¨A AI ¸e˝ˇ ?ⓒ A・≠ §UA≤i. §UA?ⓒ ¨A AI ¸e˝ˇ ?ⓒ §UA≤i. §UA?ⓒ ?C¨i ≤¸I e--¸¸≠ †¸O 'G? ¨A AI ¸e˝ˇ ?ⓒ eE÷O 7-5-3] [I U eICμ I°ⓒU ˚i A˚O I¸'≠ aa¸ ¸ⓒ. . eE÷ ˝ˇ eIC≤?C˛ˇ AÆ IA¸ ˝ˇ eAⓒA ¨˚C'i ICOO ≤≠U˚￥ A˚O I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A Æ˚≠ I U?C˛ˇ A¨ O¸CÆ eE÷O II UA¸i ¨IØ a? AIE §≠Uo˝ eIC≤?C˛ §≠Uo˝ˇ.
'?≠≤i Æ˚≠ 'ACI I¸'≠ . 'ACI eE÷O II UA¸i ≤≠U˚￥ A--U I¸fi ⓒ. A--U ¨A eE÷O AOe?Ca˝ˇ ˚C AOⓒ ∂ⓒ˘ II UŒ eIC≤?C * II UA¸i OIC˚∏ †CAi O?. * ?? aa¸ ¸ⓒ * I¸eUAO¸ⓒ (I≠aU? 7-5-4] [I U iCai eE÷O ∂IC¨˘ I°ⓒU ? ¸ⓒ. I¸eUAO¸ⓒ I e?a ?C˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ a? ¨A A¨≤CA˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ eE÷O ?C¨i) ≤¸I a? I¸∑U . †÷CΔi ∂IC a¸O ?ⓒ eU≤? ?C ∂IC¨˘ ?≠ U 'ACI ? ¸ⓒ. I°ⓒU I¸eUAO¸ⓒ eE÷O I e?a ?C˛ˇ ∂IC¨˘ a? ¨A A¨≤CA˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ eE÷O A--U afi ¸ⓒ.
7] [I U e «¸ICi 7-6] [I U ∂afi? e «¸ICi ˚C §U ?C¨ ￢U¨ a? ˚C ?? ? ¸ⓒ AOe?Ca ¨A ∂afi? ˚fl I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂ⓒ. §UA?ⓒ iai a? ∂afi? AOe?Ca §U ?C¨ ￢U¨ IAIUA|, AOoCO ≤e˝ˇ I¸∑U . aªU¨i 7-6-1] [I U §U ?C¨ §U ?C¨ ￢U¨ a? ¨A ∂afi? ˚fl eE÷O, I¸fi ¸ⓒ, AOe?Ca ¨A §U ?C¨ †CAi A・≠ ?≠ . §UA?ⓒ AOe?Ca ∂IC A˛ˇ a≠ U o≥eoU 7-6-2] [I U ≤e˝ §UA?ⓒ O∑CU ∂IC a? U ˚C'e? ¨A IUoU ?C˛ˇ ∂afi? '?≠≤i eE÷O a? OICO¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca aa≠˚ⓒ, ?C¨ a? I¸?UA?¸ⓒ ?? ¨A A˛ˇ ∂afi? ≤c￥ ∫U¨i ¨ ? ⓒ.
7-8-1] [I U ¨U∂O a√U¨ ? ¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ¨U∂O AO≠A ?? ? 'CI˝ˇ ¨ eE÷O ? ¸ⓒ, AOe?Ca ¨A I U A˚O A・≠ a≠OCI? ˚C U PAW ?≠ U AœCÆ ∂U . I˝ˇ UA¨ U iai SRPG ∂afi? ¨ §U ?C¨ ?C A ˘ eaC I U ≤C§e? a≠?≠A¨ ¨A ∂afi? U eE÷O I¸CU A¨eaC? CP eE÷ ˝ˇ A¨eaC? O¸Ø SRPG A¨eaC? a ⓒ˚ⓒ, I˝ˇ ¨A a≠OCI? ?? ? 'CI˝ˇ ∂U . I˝ˇ a´˚≠ AIfiCU SRPG ∂afi? ¨ eE÷O aU U iai AIC ˚Caⓒ ICOⓒ.
8] [I U A˚ e≠Oi §ⓒICi 8-1] [I U A˚ e≠Oi PAW (a≠UefiE ?C¨a≠ ?C˛ˇ ?C˛ˇ ≤≠U˚￥ U §ⓒICi a? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC U ?UA∂ C≤˝ˇ ・ØA¨∂Ci A§aC¨, aCOfiⓒA¨˛ˇ, ICO ⓒ Ie UA˝ˇ a¸≥¸I) §ⓒICi U ?C ≤≠U˚￥ A˚O aC∂¸ⓒ. §ⓒICi ? ⓒ・CU A¨AO? eU≤? U ∂ⓒ˘ a√U¨ A∂e? ≤e≠≤˝ˇ a≠UAÆ?C A￢EACi ?I≠A˘ ?C˛ˇ eE÷O a≠A˛ˇ §CΩ ∂UOⓒ. I˝ˇ A ˘ ?≠A¨ ≤e≠μ ¨ PAW ￢≠A†˝ˇ U/˚C ∂afi? Aa≠AeU¨ aC ¨A ?C eA≠'? U ?C ?¸Ii PAW, §ⓒICi aU U IUoU ? ¸ⓒ. ufl ? ¸ⓒ A≤e÷C ˘ AU AÆ §UA?¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ?? ≤≠U˚≥˝ˇ ? ⓒ˘ A¨AO? ¨ ?CO˝ˇ ≤eU¨AAAIE ∂IC a? §ⓒICi U ≤≠U˚￥ ? ⓒ・CU A¨AO? æI C| A .
U∫E ∂ⓒ˘ ・´A¨˛ˇ ≤e˝ˇ ￢U¨ eª°¸￠ ¨A ¨A a? A ¨μ O∑CO? oⓒ˚ⓒ ∂ⓒ˘ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ￢≠˚¤ A˚O AÆ ∂U˚ⓒ. : AeªCI * A ¨μ ˚fl I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ￢≠˚¤ A˚O AÆ ? ¸ⓒ. ・´A¨˛ˇ O∑CO? : A'ØU U * A ¨μ U A UAU I¸eUAO¸ⓒ : U˚≠A˚∏ * : †´y * ・´A¨˛ˇ aC‡ A¸≥i AÆ ¨A a? O∑CO? ∂ⓒ˘ oⓒ˚ⓒ ? ¸ⓒ. ・´A¨˛ˇ O∑CO? A ¨μ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ? ¸ⓒ ? ¸ⓒ. 8-1-3] [I U I∑?ª? U ?C ≤≠U˚￥ AÆ A≤e÷C ˘ a≠A˛ˇ ?CO˝ˇ a ⓒ˛ˇ a¸fi≠ ∂CIE ?C e «¸I a¸∏ ?≥e ⓒ.
8] [I U A˚ e≠Oi §ⓒICi A∫E˝ ∫÷°? - I√EUa ≤C˚i (LRU) A˚ e≠Oe˝ˇ A ¨μ ?? I¸ⓒ?ⓒ AoCÆ˘ ∂IC a? eC˚e a? æ≠U¨i ∂IC, '≠IC˚¸ⓒ. A≤e÷C ˘ A∫E˝ˇ aC˚'C˘ A UAU a? AU AÆ U . §UA?ⓒ AOoCO §U ?C¨ ￢U¨ a? AO≠A Ua o≥eoU・≠ Æ˚≠A OⓒA¨˚ⓒ. "//:ptth" UA¨ ¨A §U A †CIE - OIC˚¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A A￢EACi I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ∂IC A￢EACi * SRPG * A￢EACi A UAU a? A￢EACi ¨A ?? ∂U I˝ˇ A ˘ OIC˚∏ U?e˝ˇ e ?C ? ¸ⓒ.
OIC˚¸ⓒ. UA¨ ≤≠U¨ OIC˚¸ⓒ. UA¨ ∂afi? I¸≠U . UoU a? ∂afi? ¨ ?C¨ ¨A a? aC eICμ a? U¨U ¨A ?C¨a≠ ?U˚i : ?C¨a≠ ∂ C≤? AaU¨ ¨IØ ?EI? : AaU¨ ¨IØ a≠A˛ˇ a≠A˛ˇ ¨A AeªCI OUŒ AOI ˚C IU?i A¨eaC?, OUŒ AOe?Ca a≠A˛ˇ ・Ø˚ ? A˚O a¸∑e≠˛ˇ e≠A'¸fl UA˝ˇ ?˝ˇ e°U˚E ∂ⓒ˘ - IⓒAUO eCEO¸ⓒ IfiCO¸ØO AU¨ . I˝ˇ IU?e˝ A¨eaC?). (aⓒUU O∑ⓒ˘ eCEO¸ⓒ ≤≠U˚￥ PTTH a≠A?≥˝ˇ a≠A?≥˝ˇ. PI A ¨μ ?≠ U UA¨ e «¸ICi PI: - A ¨μ a≠A?≥˝ˇ. ¨・C˘ ∂IC¨˘ ?≠ U UA¨ aU¨i: SND ? ¸ⓒ.
8] [I U A˚ e≠Oi §ⓒICi 8-1-4] [I U A˚O LRU a? ¨'eO ?? ∂U˚ⓒ. U∫E I¸?UA?¸ⓒ, a≠A˛ˇ ≤C˚e˝ˇ a? I≥eG¸IC| I¸eUAO¸ⓒ A¨˚ⓒ. I∑?ª˝ˇ A˚ e≠Oe˝ˇ A ¨μ a? O¸CÆ I «U¨ 8-1-5] [I U IU?i †CAi I¸eUAO¸ⓒ A∂e? U ¨A †C'«? †C'«? †C'«? IU?i ?≥e¸ⓒ. †C'«? ? e≠I a? 8-1-6] [I U †C'«? ¨ ?C aC‡ ¨A ?U?˝ˇ e A˚O * ¨ «¸ICi ≤e≠≤˝ˇ AO?C a? ?? §ⓒICe˝ˇ U A￢EACi ∂UOⓒ. I˝ˇ TM§¸≠˘ ∂IC eE÷O A˚ⓒ ˚C'e? I˝ˇ I U * ∂IC ?≠ U ufl ?C ¨ ∂IC ?C ? ⓒ.
8-2] [I U ?C¨i ICO ⓒ A˛ U˚_˘ ≤¸I ≤≠U˚￥ ≤≠U˚≥?C˛ A≤i ?C ¨ ∂IC I?Ca≠Ae˝ ∂afi? A§e¸C¨ ¨ ?C¨i ≤¸I ￢≠˚¤ AÆ ¨A Uœ¸≠˘ aU¨μ aCÆA¨ I ØI, AÆ aCOfi˝ AIE¸Ci AU OCO ≤≠U˚≥?C, A˚O AÆ ˚fi˝ a≠A˛ˇ ∂IC A∂e≠A‡ ∫U¨i ¨ ?ⓒ. ?≠A¨ ∂IC ≤≠U˚≥?C˛ I U˛ UoU aC I¸'≠ . ΔC?≠ A∫E˝ I U˛ A¸≥i AOe?C˛ ¨ ¨A aAⓒ˛ˇ ≤≠U˚≥?C˛ AÆ A≤e÷C ˘ ?CaE¸i ∂IC eE÷O ≤e'C˘ ?C¨i, ≤¸I eICμ §U I?Ca≠Ae˝ ∂afi? aC oØO¸Ci AÆ A・C?˝ o?i A∂i. §UA?ⓒ O¸Ø '≠IC˚¸ⓒ.
8] [I U A˚ e≠Oi §ⓒICi A≤e÷C ˘ IU¨ aa¸ ¸ⓒ. I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ¨A Æ˚≠ I U?C˛ˇ ?≥e¸ⓒ IeªE A˚ e≠Oi I U?C˛ˇ a? A∫E˝ˇ u COu? ∫÷°? ∂U . I≠AoA? 8-1-1] [I U Ioⓒ I¸ⓒ?ⓒ. I¸ IC˚¸ⓒ. ・´A¨˛ˇ AOoCO ¨A †Cæ≠ AEIi ∫÷°? Ioⓒ O∑CO˝ˇ I U, A˚O ¨ a≠U˚ⓒ. * ?≠ U aCÆ AEIe?C ∂U . ¨oUŒ 8-1-2] [I U a? * AEOI TM§¸≠˘ * A˚ e≠Oe˝ˇ A ¨μ aA UAU ¨A §U a? TM§¸≠˘ ≤C˚i ˚fl LRU a? ¨A ≤C˚i * O«≠ ¨'eO * ≤C˚i a? eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. eª°¸￠ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ IU¨ ∫ ⓒU? ?≠ U aC‡ I¸ IC˚ⓒ.
9] [I U ACi A￢E ¨˚C'e˝ˇ 9-1] [I U 3PM ∂IC aC∂ⓒ. I˝ˇ I˝ˇ AÆ A§E˝ˇ ? ⓒ˘ a?∏ ˚fl A§E˝ˇ aE ⓒ・U˛ˇ ￢≠˚¤ AÆ ˚C ≤CÆ・C¨ ・U∂˝ˇ ˚fl AÆ aa≠˚ⓒ. A´i §U eE÷O †C'«? ¨ 3PM 3PM a? Io?Ø 0043C A≤e÷C ˘ IU≤¸G˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ aC eUAO¸ⓒ 'C˚E ∂ ¸ⓒU I≠oO ¨ ∫ⓒA ∂C˚ⓒ aE ⓒ・U, ?Uufl AaAC A¸E a? uC¨ IUA¨ aAø˝ˇ aI ∫ⓒA?C˛ˇ †ⓒA?i≠ ∫ⓒA˛ˇ I¸ØAU ¨ a?ªUΩ ∂U , A§eEI AÆ ? ¸I I˝ˇ a¸∑ ?C IC a Ca≠A˚O, ¨≤ ⓒ. I˝ˇ ・Uπ a? '≠AUAO˝ˇ A´i ?¸÷¸i AÆ a≠ U IU≤¸G˝ˇ aCA˛ˇ a≠A˛ˇ A≤e≠˚U ?C˛ˇ ・U∂˝ˇ ? ¸ⓒ.
9] [I U ?I≠A˘ eE÷O ACIE a≠OCI? AÆ a≥e? ¨ ∂ⓒ˘ a ⓒ˛ˇ §U eE÷O †C'«? A≤e÷C ˘ A ˘ ACi A￢E ¨˚C'e˝ˇ aC ¨A 3PM ?≠A¨ ˛ˇ ≤˝ˇ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ˇ ∂IC CP) cnyS a≠OCI? (˚C ?C˛ˇ 'C˚E ¨ ?? ≤CÆ・C¨ ∂?ª˝ˇ ?CIc¸Ue≠ ˚fl AÆ A≤i I°ªUI BSU ?CaE eU≤? ¨A eE÷O ?? a? ?CIc¸Ue≠ ? 'CI˝ˇ ≤CÆ˚ⓒ. I eGE ∂ⓒ˘ A ˘ ?≠A¨ a ⓒ˛ˇ a≥e? ?ICU ( ¨ ≤CÆ˚ⓒ I˝ˇ IeªE §U ∂?ª˝ˇ a≠A˛ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. AOe?Ca ¨A fni.0043C ? ¸ⓒ. Oªa ¨A˚U¨ ˚fl aC˚ⓒ A≤i), a? ? ¸ⓒ. I≠AoA? ˛ˇ ≤˝ˇ ¨A? IC˛ˇ a? a¸∑e≠, A￢EACi I≠oO U˚ ⓒUÆ ACIE ≤¸≥eI A¨A˛ˇ aC˚ⓒ ∂?ª˝ˇ ?CIc¸Ue≠ aC∂ⓒ.
a?∏ ?I?, a?∏ ? ¸ⓒ: eA¸¸O ¨A a?∏ †CAi eC ?ⓒ †CAi AoCÆ˘ ∂IC a? I U A˚O ˚fi˝. efi≠A¨ U ?I?, efi≠A¨ I˝ ÆO" A? " aA UAU e «¸I eA¸¸O ÆO" A? " aA UAU ¨A 3PM 'C˚E ˚fl eC ?ⓒ AOe?Ca O¸Ø e «¸I a¸∏ ÆO" A? " aA UAU ? AoCÆ˘ ∂IC a? I U A˚O eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ æI C| ? ¸ⓒ. ? ¸ⓒ. I˝ AO≠A 9-1-2] [I U I˝ ∂IC ? a?∏ '?≠≤i ¨A a?∏ '?≠≤i ?E OIC˚∏ AoCÆ˘ ∂IC a? I U A˚O A˚O, a≠ AEU˘ ? ¸ⓒ. AU¡ ¨A A? " A¨ o?i ?E¸ⓒ A U '∑C¨ aC eUAO¸ⓒ ˚C U ?≠ ˘ aC‡ ¨A 'C˚E eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ? ¸ⓒ, AOe?Ca ¨A ?C ・Ø˚ ? I U˛ A・≠ ? ¸ⓒ. I∑C?ⓒ˘ AO≠A A￢EACi ?ⓒ.
9] [I U ¨˚C'e˝ˇ ? ¸ⓒ. A˚oC ≤CÆ˚ⓒ. I eGE ACi A￢E A˛ˇ aU∂? oⓒ˚ⓒ: TM§¸≠˘ aCÆ˛ˇ AOeGCI: oⓒ˚ⓒ ∂ⓒ˘ ? ? ˚'≠˛ˇ aU∂? a? ¨A A￢EACi A U O∑CU ¨aC¨˘: eUA¸ⓒ? ⓒ˘ aCÆ˛ˇ. A￢EACi ?E¸? A U O∑CU A￢EACi: aCÆ˛ˇ. aCÆ˛ˇ. ?≠ U aC‡ aC‡: ∂ⓒ˘. TM§¸≠˘ O≥?? oⓒ˚ⓒ aCÆ˛ˇ aC¨・¸≠˛ˇ U ≤≠U¨ a? AeªCI ≤CÆ˛ˇ: ¨UÆ a? ∂ⓒ˘. AOe?Ca ?C: ・Ø˚ ? ∂afi? e «¸I AOoCO aCÆ˛ˇ A˛ˇ aCÆ˛ˇ. e--¸¸≠OCO OCO: e--¸¸≠ aCÆ˛ˇ.
?∑ⓒA¨ avaJ) 2 orciM (noitidE EM2J a≠ Iae ˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ a≠OCI? 'G? a≠ Iae ˝ˇ ?C˛ˇ a≠OCI? ?≠ . §UA? ⓒ ?C¨ eE÷O I°¸? ˚fl ¨ I°¸? ˚fl ¨ e ?C avaJ) 2 dradnatS (noitidE ES2J ?≠ . §UA? ⓒ ?C¨ ?CIc¸Ue≠˛ˇ ÆaCU A≤Cμ a≠ A・≠ †e˝ˇ oCUA, ?C¨a≠ ˛ˇ ?C˛ˇ a≠OCI? ?I? ?C eE÷O ?I? ∂ⓒ˘ O?C ˘ a C (EM2J) A≤eCOⓒA¨ aC∂ ⓒ a≠A˛ˇ §C∫˝ˇ I CaO AÆ eUAO ⓒ I˝ˇ ? ? AO?C ?? uUU OⓒA¨Oⓒ, ≤CÆ・C¨˛ˇ ? ⓒ.
oCOa˝ˇ AUAÆO ∂?ª˝ˇ O¸CÆ A≤Cμ a≠ A≤i. IUoU ∂IC ・U∂˝ˇ a≠A˛ˇ IeAⓒ ˛ˇ oCOa˝ˇ AUAÆO OICO¸ⓒ. e?¸? ¨A AO?C AÆ ?ⓒAO ?≠ I¸eUAO¸ⓒ A≤eCOⓒA¨ aC￢≠˛ A≤e≠˚U ・U∂˝ˇ ? ⓒ. I˝ˇ A¨AO? ¨A ? ⓒÆ'≠˛ˇ AIEfi≠ AIfiCU aC∂ⓒ. I˝ˇ I¸fi≠U'O U ・U∂˝ˇ ∂CIE (∂C¨∞) I≥C'≠e˝ˇ A AaeU¨ AÆ §C¨o ?? IUA?A˝ ¨ eUAO¸ⓒ I˝ ∂C¨∞¨ A˚O AÆ OICO¸ⓒ. A≤e÷C ˘ ?≥e¸ⓒ ?C¨ I°E ˚C U I ØI A￢EACi A￢EACi, IeªE §U eaC I ∂?ª˝ˇ AOeGCI ?CaE I¸eUAO¸ⓒ ?CaE A˚O aC ?CIc¸Ue≠ a? ¨A §U ・U∂˝ˇ OICO¸ⓒ. o?i eUo? OICO¸ⓒ. .
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ENGLISH GPRS Phone USER'S MANUAL MODEL: C3400 Please read this manual before operating carefully mobile phone. your Retain it for future reference.
Introduction your purchase of the advanced and compact C3400 cellular phone, designed to operate with the latest digital mobile communication technology. Congratulations on guide contains important information on the use and operation of this phone. Please read all the information carefully for optimal performance and to prevent any damage to or misuse of the phone. Any changes or modifications not expressly approved in this user's guide could void your warranty for this equipment.
For Your Safety Warning Mobile Phones must be Do not hold the switched off at all times in your hand an phone in while driving. aircraft. Do not petrol your phone near stations, fuel depots, use chemical plants operations. or blasting For your specified safety, use ONLY ORIGINAL batteries and chargers. Keep the phone wet hands while out of children's reach. phone with it is being It may cause an electric shock or seriously charged. damage your phone.
For Your Safety Caution Switch off the phone in any area where required by special regulations. For example, do not use your phone in hospitals it may affect sensitive medical equipment. or Only use ORIGINAL accessories to avoid damage to your phone. call may not be available under all cellular Emergency networks. Therefore, you should never depend solely on the phone for emergency calls. All radio transmitters carry risks of interference with electronics in close proximity.
Guidelines for safe and efficient use Read these or simple guidelines. Breaking the rules may be dangerous illegal. Further detailed information is given in this manual. Exposure Radio wave to radio frequency exposure and energy Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) information This mobile phone model C3400 has been designed to comply with applicable safety requirement for exposure to radio waves.
Guidelines for safe and efficient Product care use and maintenance Warning: Use only batteries, charger and accessories approved for use with this particular phone model. The use any other types may invalidate any approval or warranty applying to the phone, and may be dangerous. ? Do not disassemble this unit. Take it to technician when ? ? ? ? The unit should be drop. Do not subject ? coating of the phone vinyl wrapper.
? ? ? Never place your phone battery to explode. in a microwave oven as it will Only authorized personnel should service the phone accessories. Faulty installation or service may result and consequently invalidate the warranty. Do not use phone if the the antenna contacts an cause the and its in accidents damaged. If a damaged a slight burn. Please contact replace the damaged antenna is skin, it may cause LG Authorized Service Center to antenna.
Guidelines for safe and efficient aids be disturbed ? Some ? Minor interference may affect ? Do not Road hearing bend, scratch, ? ? ? ? ? ? or mobile by TVs, radios, PCs, expose to static phones. etc. electricity. safety Check the laws and areas might use regulations on the use of mobile phones in the when you drive. Do not hand-held use a Give full attention to Use a phone while driving. driving. hands-free kit, if available.
In aircraft Wireless devices ? ? Turn off your mobile Do not use Battery ? ? it ? ? ? ? the phone before boarding any aircraft. ground without crew permission. care completely discharge the battery before recharging. Unlike other battery systems, there is no memory effect that could compromise the battery's performance. You do not need to Use only LG batteries and chargers. LG chargers designed are to battery life.
Contents Overview Part of the Phone .................................................................... ? Front of the Phone ? Rear of the Phone Key Description ? Letter Keys Display Display ? ? ? 14 ................................................................. 16 ............................................................................ On-Screen Icons ................................................................ .................................................................
? ? ? PUK1 code to 8 (4 Accessing Menu Tree Profiles 31 ...................................................... 31 .................................................. 31 Vibrate ? Silent ? General ? Loud ? Headset Call the Menu ................................................................................ [Menu 1] ? ..................................................................... [Menu 1-2] ................................................................... 34 ............
Contents Organiser [Menu 4] ? Contacts ? Scheduler ? Memo ? Calendar ................................................................. [Menu 4-1] [Menu 4-3] 48 .................................................................. 49 setting [Menu 4-4] Write text message ? Write multimedia message ? Inbox ? Outbox ? Drafts [Menu 5-5] ? Listen to voice mail ? [Menu 5-1] 58 ................................................................ [Menu 5-6] 63 .............................
Service [Menu 8] ? Internet ? SIM Service ? On ..................................................................... [Menu 8-1] 87 ................................................................. 88 ............................................................... 89 .................................................................... 89 menu [Menu 9] ? MP3 ? Games & ? Pictures [Menu 9-3] ? Sounds [Menu 9-4] [Menu 9-1] more Accessories [Menu 9-2] ..............................
Part of the Phone Front of the Phone 1. Earpiece 2. Main LCD ? 1 Top: Signal strength, battery level and various function ? 3. Bottom: Soft key indications Alpha numeric keys In standby mode: Input ? 2 numbers to dial Hold down 0 1 -- 2 ? In International calls -- Call your voice mail box to9--Speeddials editing mode: Enter numbers & 3 characters 4. Microphone 4 5 9 5. Camera lens 6.
1. 1 23 Navigation key In standby mode: ? U Briefly: List of Favorites D Briefly: List of Phonebook R L Briefly: List of Briefly: List of Profiles In ? Hold down: Activate Vibrate mode menu: 465 8 7 2. Confirm Messages scroll up & down key 3. Soft ? keys These keys perform display. 4. MP3 ? Key Listens to the music with 5. Downloads hot ? Briefly: 6. Send ? ? the function Indicated in the bottom of the Dial In playing MP3 file.
Part of the Phone Rear of the Phone Handstrap Hole Battery Headset Jack SIM Card Socket Cable Connector/ Battery Charging Overiw 16 Connector
Key Description Letter Each key Keys can be used for several symbols. There are shown below. Key Description 1 .
Display The screen Information displays several icons. There are described below. On-Screen Icons Icon/Indicator Description Tells you the strength of the network signal. Call is connected. You can use GPRS service. Shows that you Line 1/2 is in are use using for a roaming outgoing calls -- service. if you subscribe to the Two Line Service. The alarm has been set and is Tells you the status of the on. battery. You have received a text message.
Icon/Indicator Description Vibrate only General Loud Silent menu in menu menu menu in profile. profile. profile. in profile. Headset menu in You divert a can in profile. call. Indicates that the Indicates that you phone are is accessing using the WAP. GPRS.
Installation Installing the SIM card and the handset 1. Remove the Make sure battery battery cover the power is off before you remove the battery. Note Removing may battery from the phone the phone to malfunction. the cause 2. Remove the when the power is on battery top edge of the battery and lift the battery from the battery compartment.
3. Install the SIM card Insert the SIM card into the holder. Slide the SIM card into the SIM card holder. Make sure that the SIM card is inserted properly by ensuring that the gold facing and downwards. To pull it in the contact area on the card is the SIM card, press down direction. remove reverse To insert the SIM card To remove lightly the SIM card Caution The metal contact of the SIM card scratches. handling.
Installation 4. Install the battery Insert the bottom of the battery first into the bottom edge of the battery compart-ment. Push down the top of the 5. battery until it snaps into space. Replace the battery cover. Lay the battery cover in place of the phone and slide it until the latch clicks. Charging the Battery To connect the travel the GetingSard 22 1. adapter to the phone, you must have installed battery. Ensure the 2.
3. Connect the other end of the travel Use adapter only the included packing charger. 4. The moving complete. bars of will battery icon to the mains socket. stop after charging is Caution ? Do not force the connector and/or the travel phone ? Insert the this may as damage the adapter. battery pack charger vertically to wall power outlet. ? If you use country, ? battery pack charger out of your own an attachment plug adaptor for the the use proper configuration.
Installation the Disconnecting adapter from the phone by pressing its the diagram.
Making Making 1. Key in a and Answering Calls call phone number including the area code. If you want to delete number, press C. 2. Press S to call the number. 3. Press E to end the call. International Calls 1. key for the international prefix. character may replace with the international access code. Press and hold the 0 "+" 2. Enter the country code, 3. Press In a call using standby mode, press 2. When the 3. code, and the phone number. S. Making 1.
In call Menu The menu displayed 1 are During Pressing the handset screen during a call is different reached from the idle screen, and the described here. to the default main options on the a menu call key during menu a call, you can access the following menu: Volume: Change the volume of the conversation. Hold: Hold the current call. End all calls: End all the calls in progress. Messages: Access the messages menu. DTMF off/on: Enable/Disable the DTMF tones.
1-3 Between Two Calls Swapping To switch between two or just You S press can make calls, select < [Options], then select Swap by pressing up/down arrow [Send] key. one of two calls focused key. If you want to end one of two calls, make the call you want to end focused, then press when the call you want to [End] key E end is focused. 1-4 To Answering answer an S press the an Incoming incoming call [Send] key.
In call Menu 1-6 Muting the Microphone microphone during a call by pressing the < [Options] key then selecting Mute. The handset can be unmuted by pressing the < [Unmute]. You can mute the When the handset is muted, the caller cannot hear you, but you can still hear them. 1-7 Switching DTMF Tones To turn DTMF tones handset to make on of use During Call a DTMF On.
2-1 Making You Second Call second call while you are already in a call. To do this, enter the second number and press [Send]. When you get second call the first call is automatically put on hold. You can swap can make a a S between calls by selecting 2-2 up You Setting can connect a a < [Options] To Putting the < Multiparty multiparty call Multiparty / Hold all. put a 2-4 Activate the To make a 2-5 on Adding Calls to the join an active call to the then Multiparty / Join all.
In call Menu 2-8 A Private Call in To have a private call with Call Multiparty a one caller of a multiparty call, display the number of the caller you wish to talk to on the screen, then select < [Options] and Multiparty / Private to put all the other callers on hold. 2-9 Ending a Multiparty Call currently displayed caller of a multiparty call can be disconnected by pressing the E [End] key. To end a multiparty call, press < [Options] then select Multiparty / End multiparty.
Access Codes You the can use access codes described in this section to avoid of your and PUK2 codes) can be unauthorized use PIN1 code (4 to 8 phone. The access codes (except changed by using [Menu 7-5-5]. PUK digits) (Personal Identification Number) code protects your SIM card against unauthorized use. The PIN code is usually supplied with the SIM card. When PIN code is set On, your phone will The PIN request the PIN code every time it is switched on.
Menu Tree 1 Profiles 1 Vibrate 4 only 1 2 Silent 3 Memo 4 Loud 4 Calendar 5 Headset 1 register Missed calls 2 Received calls 3 Dialled calls 4 Delete recent calls 5 Call charges 6 GPRS information 5 1 AcesingthMu 32 Calculator 2 Unit converter 3 World time 4 Voice recorder 5 6 Melody composer Memory status Write text message 2 Write multimedia message 3 Inbox 4 Outbox 5 Drafts 6 Listen to voice mail 7 Info message 9 1 setting Messages 8 3 Tools Contacts 2 Scheduler 3 Genera
6 Camera 1 Take picture 2 Take in modes 3 Take 8 Service 1 Internet 2 SIM Service* continuously 4 Album 5 Settings 9 Downloads 1 MP3 2 Games & 7 Settings 3 Pictures 1 4 Sounds Alarm clock 2 Date & Time * This menu more depends on 3 Phone SIM and the network 4 services.
Profiles [Menu 1] In this menu, you can adjust and customize the different events and environments. 1. Press < [Menu] 2. Press 1 in for direct standby You the profile Silent [Menu 1-2] You adjust General You Loud You in as Vibrate the profile as only if are you need vibration Vibrate or Silent. Silent if you are in quiet place. [Menu 1-3] adjust can R. directly by pressing L key mode, all kinds of alert mode.
Activate [Menu 1-x-1] Activates the selected Profile. Personalise [Menu 1-x-2] Each has the submenus as shown below except for Vibrate only and Silent. Call alert type Allows to select alert incoming Ring to adjust Ring, Vibrate, as etc. for the environment. tone Allows to set the Ring type such ring tone to ring volume to adjust environment. volume Allows to set the adjust environment.
Profiles Keypad volume Allows to set the Flip [Menu 1] keypad volume to adjust environment. tone Allows to set the flip tone to adjust environment. Effect sound volume Allows to set the effect sound volume to adjust environment. adjust environment. Power on/off volume Allows to set the power on/off volume to Rename You can [Menu 1-x-3] change the default Headset and Silent AcesingthMu 36 menus.
Call Missed calls [Menu 2-1] This recently menu numbers, shows save menu numbers, shows save missed numbers. You recently received This recently shows save can Call dialed numbers. You call these can call these [Menu 2-4] delete recent calls of Missed Dialled calls can and view the date and the time. Delete recent calls You numbers. You and view the date and the time. [Menu 2-3] numbers, call these [Menu 2-2] Dialled calls menu can and view the date and the time.
Call register [Menu 2] Call costs [Menu 2-5-2] This function allows you to check the cost of your last call, all calls, remaining and reset the cost. To reset the cost, you need the PIN2 code. < [Menu] 1. Press in 2. Press 2 for direct standby access or use register, then select 3. Scroll to The highlight following mode. Call L R and to enter Call charges. Call costs and Press 4 submenus: Last call, < [Select]. All calls, Remaining and Reset all.
? Set credit This network service allows you to limit the cost of your calls selected charging units. If you select Read, the number of remaining unit is shown. your charge limit. ? Auto If you select Change, you can by change display This network service allows you to see automatically the cost of your last calls. If set to On, you can see the last cost when the call is released. GPRS information You can through [Menu 2-6] check the amount of data transferred GPRS.
Tools [Menu 3] Calculator [Menu 3-1] This contains the standard functions such Subtraction, Multiplication, 1. Input the 2. Use 4. Press 5. Press input the +, --, x, ÷ : Addition, and Division. by pressing numeric keys. navigation key a 3. Then numbers as to select a for calculation. sign numbers. < [Result] to view the result. < [Reset] or enter numbers to repeat the procedure above. 6. Use C 7. If you press if you press 8.
World time You 1. can [Menu 3-3] view clocks of the world's Select the city belonged major to the time cities. zone by pressing L , R key. 2. You can set the current time to the city time you select by pressing < [Set]. Voice recorder The voice each You can feature you to record up to 10 voice messages and is up to 20 Seconds. memo memo Record [Menu 3-4] [Menu 3-4-1] record voice memo in Voice recorder menu.
Tools Melody You [Menu 3] composer [Menu 3-5] compose a ring tone melody which you want. When you enter this function, the tones that you composed before are played. can To enter 1. edit an adjust Duration : - Rest : Octave Sharp note Memory 7 ~ 8 shortens and : CDEFGAB) 9 follows: lengthens a rest of the the duration of same duration * sets the octave for : # makes the note new AcesingthMu 42 can the notes. sharp.
Organiser [Menu 4] Contacts 1. To use 2. To use [Menu 4-1] Contacts, press > Contacts, press < [Contacts] [Menu] in in standby standby mode. mode and select Organiser. Search [Menu 4-1-1] (Calling from 1. In standby mode, press 2. Search 3. phonebook) by pressing Enter the name want to search 4. Instant searching name or 5. < [Select]. whose or > [Contacts]. phone numbers Select 'List' to view is available or e-mail address you phonebook.
Organiser [Menu 4] Add You new [Menu 4-1-2] add can phonebook entry by using this function. Phone memory capacity is 200 entries. SIM card memory depends on the cellular service provider. 20 characters of name in The Phone memory, characters in the SIM card. The number of character is You can and save SIM dependent feature. 1. capacity also save > [Contacts] Open the phonebook first by pressing mode. 2. Scroll to highlight Add new, and press in standby < [Select]. 3.
3. Select ? Group name by pressing you want < [Select]. Member list Shows the group members you have selected. ? Group ring tone Allows you to ? Group specify ring tone for the group members' call. icon Allows you to select the icon ? dependent on Group. Add member You add group members. Each group member shouldn't be exceeded 20. ? can Remove member You can remove But the ? and the number Group member list. still remain in phonebook. Rename You Speed You can You can 1.
Organiser [Menu 4] Settings [Menu 4-1-5] 1. > [Contacts] Press 2. Scroll to ? mode. < [Select]. Set memory - - - or < [Select]. adding entry, Phone, the phone the phone will store an will ask entry to by highlight If you select Search by, then press Variable, the phone < [Select]. will ask how to search. If you select Name or Number, the entry by Name or Number.
Scroll to 2. ? Copy all, then press SIM to Phone : You can < [Select] to enter this menu. copy the entry from SIM Card to Phone memory. ? Phone to SIM 3. You can see : the copy the entry from Phone memory to SIM Card. You can submenus. following ? Keep original : When copying, Original Dial Number is ? Delete : When copying, Original Dial Number will be original kept. erased. Delete all You can [Menu 4-1-7] delete all entries in SIM and Phone.
Organiser [Menu 4] ? status Memory This feature allows you to your ? see how many free and in-use in phonebook. 1. Open the phonebook first by pressing > [Contacts] mode. Select Information by pressing < [Select]. 2. Scroll to Memory status, then press Own number You are Scheduler standby < [OK]. (SIM dependent) and check your can save in own number in SIM card. [Menu 4-2] When you enter this menu a Calendar will show up. On top of the screen there are sections for date.
Add You ? new [Menu 4-2-<-1] make up to maximum 20 notes. can Schedule Input the subject, the schedule time, the repeat, the pressing allowed keys. View alarm by [Menu 4-2-<-2] Shows the note for the chosen day. Use U , D to browse through displayed. the note lists. If you set alarm for the note, Alarm watch is At that time, if you press < [Select], you can see the note in detail. Press < [Options] View all delete, edit the to note you selected.
Organiser [Menu 4] Add You new You view the edit the can can that you registered. memo. delete each can can memo. [Menu 4-3-<-5] delete all Calendar You memo [Menu 4-3-<-4] Delete all You up to 20. [Menu 4-3-<-3] Delete You new memo [Menu 4-3-<-2] can Edit You create can View [Menu 4-3-<-1] memos. setting [Menu 4-4] choose a type of calendar for Muslim (A.D., Hijriyya and Farsi) by using this function. 1. Press [Menu] 2. Press 6 in standby for direct 3.
Messages [Menu 5] This includes functions related to SMS (Short Message Service), MMS (Multimedia Message Service), voice mail, as well menu as the network's service messages. Write text message You [Menu 5-1] write and edit text message, can checking the number of message pages. 1. Enter the 2. If you want to write Messages 3. To make text T9 by pressing menu < [Select]. message, select Write text message. a new T9. For input easier, use to attach the followings.
Messages [Menu 5] Insert ? Symbol You ? can can can Text pictures or in My folder that insert sounds that are available for short messages. templates You can use Text templates already set in the phone. Contacts You ? pictures Sound You ? insert the Default available for short messages. are ? special characters. Picture You ? add can add phone numbers or e-mail addresses in Contacts. Signature You can add your signature to the message.
Font ? You ? select Size and Style of fonts. Colour You ? can can select Colour of and foreground background. Alignment You can make the message contents aligned Right, Centre or Left. ? Add T9 You dictionary add your own word. This menu can be shown edit mode is Predictive (T9Abc/T9abc/T9ABC). ? T9 can only when languages Select a T9 input mode. Exit ? If you press Exit while writing a message, you can end the writing message and back to the Message menu.
Messages [Menu 5] Options ? Send You send multimedia messages to can multiple recipients, your message, and make it sent later prioritise as well. Note ? All messages will be folder, ? ? 54 can preview multimedia messages can save you wrote. multimedia messages In drafts can add a slide before or after current slide. or can move to previous or next slide. Delete slide You AcesingthMu provider if the Priority service Move to slide You ? Check with your service available.
? Set slide format - Set timer You - can ? can slide, text, picture and sound. picture switch the position of picture and text of the message. Remove media You can remove shown ? text and Swap You set timer for only Add T9 You pictures or sounds in the slide. This option T9 dictionary can only when languages Select ? be when any media exists. add your own word. This menu can be shown edit mode is Predictive (T9Abc/T9abc/T9ABC). ? can a T9 input mode.
Messages [Menu 5] How to Use T9 T9 allows you to input text quickly. In T9, you only need to press the key with the letter can ? This is based once. also add new Writing words 1. Start writing Press each on a corresponding dictionary to which you built-in words. by using a word T9. by using the keys 2 key only To write for instance once for one 'Girl', press to 9. letter. 4, 4, 7, 5. The characters that you enter appear blocked.
Press Alternatively: * key and select insert symbols. Select the desired character and press Select. 2. When you have finished word is correct. writing word, check whether the a If the word is correct: Press 0 and write the next word. by U If the word is not correct: Search Next , D (Previous and word). Alternatively: If there is no word you want you can add your own word. Press < [Options] in the Predictive edit mode. Select Add T9 dictionary Menu. You can see the following.
Messages [Menu 5] Inbox [Menu 5-3] You will be alerted when you have received messages. stored in Inbox. In Inbox, you can identify each message by icons. For They detail, will be see the icon directive. Icon directive If the [ ] Multimedia message [ ] Short message [ ] SIM message [ ] Read multimedia message [ ] Read text message [ ] Push message [ ] Notified multimedia message shows 'No space for SIM SIM messages from Inbox.
View You the received messages. can see Reply You can reply to the sender. Forward You can forward the selected message to another party. Return call You can call back to the sender. Delete You can delete the current message. View information You can view information about received messages; Sender's Subject (only for Multimedia message), Message date & address, time, Message type, Message size, Priority and Class. Delete all You can delete all messages.
Messages [Menu 5] Outbox You [Menu 5-4] can see sent and unsent messages here. For sent message, the delivery status. you can see The browsing is same as that for the inbox message. Icon directive [ ]MMSSent [ ] MMS Unsent [ ] MMS delivery confirmed [ ]SMSsent [ ] SMS [ ] SMS Delivery confirmed When you unsent already sent the message: View You can see the sent messages. Forward You can forward the current message to other recipients.
When you didn't send the message: View You can see the unsent messages. Send You can send the message. Delete You can delete the current message. View information You can view information about outbox messages. Send all You can send all messages didn't send. Delete all You can Drafts Using delete all messages didn't send. [Menu 5-5] this menu, you can that you use most frequently. multimedia message list.
Messages [Menu 5] Info message (Dependent [Menu 5-7] to network and subscription) Info service messages are text messages delivered by the network to GSM. They provide general information such as weather reports, traffic news, taxis, pharmacies, and stock prices. Each type of information has the number; therefore, you can contact service you have input the certain number for the information.
Templates [Menu 5-8] Text templates [Menu 5-8-1] You have 6 text Multimedia After saving templates. templates [Menu 5-8-2] new template, ? View: You ? Edit: You ? Add ? Write messages: You multimedia templates. ? Delete: You ? Delete all: You new: can see can can use you multimedia edit multimedia Allows you to add can can follow. as templates. templates. new multimedia templates. write multimedia messages delete multimedia can options using templates.
Messages [Menu 5] ? Delivery report If you set to Yes, you can check whether your message is sent successfully. ? via Reply When service centre message is sent, it allows the recipients to reply and the cost of the reply to your telephone bill. a charge ? same SMS centre If you want to send the text message, you of SMS centre through this menu. Multimedia message ? receive the address [Menu 5-9-2] Priority You ? can can set the priority of the message you choose.
? Network settings If you select multimedia message server, you multimedia message server. ? Permitted : Personal message. Advertisements : Commercial message. Information : Necessary information. Voice mail centre can set URL for types Personal You can [Menu 5-9-3] receive the voicemail if this feature is supported by your the provider. When a new voicemail is arrived, symbol will be displayed on the screen.
Messages [Menu 5] ? Alert - Yes Your phone will beep when you have received Info service message numbers. -No Your phone will not beep even though you have received info service messages. ? Languages You select the you want by pressing [On/Off]. Then, the info service message will be shown in the language that you selected. can Push messages You can set the language [Menu 5-9-5] option whether includes URL address AcesingthMu 66 or not.
Camera With the on the Take camera you can pictures of people take [Menu 6] and events while move. picture [Menu 6-1] To take a picture with Folder 1. Select Camera, and then press 2. Focus on the subject opened < capture the image, and then press to PorO. 3. Ifyou wantto saveit,press< orO. Reference! ? Settings You window control the image size, brightness, zooming by pressing U or D.
Camera [Menu 6] Note To the Picture Phonebook, you have to take at 48x48 pixels. ? Activating use - - - key a LR UD - picture : Move the item which you set. : Modify O : Take and > : Go back to the the option selected. save a picture. previous menu or exit from camera mode. P - - - - : Take and : Send via MMS. : Save the : Delete the Take in modes You you can can take a select picture picture. in the Album. picture.
Take You continuously [Menu 6-3] take the maximum of 9 pictures subsequently at the time. After taking a picture, you can view it by pressing D. You can also save it by pressing <. can same Reference! ? If you set 320x240 in resolution, you can take only 6 pictures. In case of 128x160, it is available to 9 pictures. Album You can window All You [Menu 6-4] view and send as a picture. In addition, you can set the background.
Camera Mode You ? [Menu 6] pictures [Menu 6-4-3] can view all frame pictures. Options - Multi view: You can view the maximum of 9 thumbnails in a screen. - - - Write multimedia message: You Set as wallpaper: Slide show: This You menu can set a can send picture a as a allows you to view picture thru MMS. wallpaper. as a slide show automatically. - - - Delete: You can Edit title: You delete can a picture. edit the title of View information: You can picture.
Phonebook You ? can pictures [Menu 6-4-4] view all phonebook pictures. Options - - Set as wallpaper: Slide show: This You can set a picture as a allows you to view menu wallpaper. as a slide show automatically. - - - Delete: You can Edit title: You delete can a picture. edit the title of View information: You can picture. view the information about Title, Size, Date and Time you've taken.
Settings [Menu 7] You can set the following menus for your convenience and preferences. 1. Press < [Menu] 2. Press 7 for direct Alarm clock You can in standby access mode. to enter Settings. [Menu 7-1] set up to 5 alarm clocks to go off at a specified time. 1. Select On and enter the alarm time you want. 2. Select the repeat period : Once, Mon~Fri,Mon~Sat,Everyday. 3. Select the alarm tone you want and press 4.
Display settings [Menu 7-3-1] ? Wallpaper You - can select the background pictures in mode. standby Main LCD Default You select can pressing L a picture or an animation of or an animation wallpaper by R. or Myfolder You - select can set the can Analogue background can set the Greeting clock and background pictures on displaying the submenus. note can edit the text which is displayed in can set the light-up duration of the internal display.
Settings [Menu 7] Language [Menu 7-3-2] You change the language for the display texts in your phone. change will also affect the Language Input mode. can This Call You the settings [Menu 7-4] can set the Setting menu relevant to a call by pressing < [Select] in menu. Call divert [Menu 7-4-1] The Call divert service allows you to divert incoming voice calls, fax calls, and data calls to another number. For details, contact your service ? provider.
The submenus Call divert - menus have the submenus shown below. Activate Activate the corresponding service. To voice mail centre Forwards to message centre. This function is not shown at All data calls and All fax calls menus. To other number Inputs the number for diverting. To favourite number You - can check recent 5 diverted numbers. Cancel Deactivate the - corresponding View status View the status of the Answer mode ? service. Flip corresponding service.
Settings [Menu 7] Send my number (network and [Menu 7-4-3] subscription dependent) ?On You send your phone number to another party. Your number will be shown on the receiver's phone. ? can Off Your ? phone Set phone by number will not be shown. network If you select this, you two line service such Call send your phone number line 1 or line 2. can as depending on waiting [Menu 7-4-4] (network dependent) ? Activate If you select Activate, you ? can accept 76 call.
Auto redial [Menu 7-4-6] ?On When this function is redial in the ? case activated, the phone will automatically try of failure to connect a to call. Off Your will not make any call has not connected. phone attempts to redial when the original Security settings [Menu 7-5] PIN code request [Menu 7-5-1] In this menu, you can set the phone to ask for the PIN code of your SIM card when the phone is switched on. If this function is activated, you'll be requested 1. to enter the PIN code.
Settings [Menu 7] Phone lock You [Menu 7-5-2] security code can use to avoid unauthorized of the phone. request security use Whenever you switch on the phone, the phone will code if you set phone lock to On. If you set phone lock to Automatic, your phone will request security code only when you change Call your SIM card. barring [Menu 7-5-3] The Call service prevents your phone from making or certain category of calls. This function requires the call barring receiving barring password.
The submenus: ? Activate Allows to ? request the network to set call restriction on. Cancel Set the selected call restriction off. ? View status View the status whether the calls Fixed dial number You are not. [Menu 7-5-4] (SIM dependent) outgoing calls to selected phone protected by your PIN2 code. numbers. The can restrict your outgoing calls to selected cancel fixed dialling function. phone numbers.
Settings [Menu 7] Network You can settings [Menu 7-6] select automatically network which will be a or registered either manually. Usually, the network selection is set to Automatic. Automatic [Menu 7-6-1] If you select Automatic mode, the phone will automatically search for and select a network for you. Once you have selected "Automatic", the phone will be power is off and Manual set to "Automatic" even though the on.
GPRS setting [Menu 7-8] You set GPRS service can Power on depending on various situations. [Menu 7-8-1] If you select this menu, the phone is GPRS network when you switch the automatically registered to a phone on. Starting a WAP or PC dial-up application created the connection between phone and network and data transfer is possible. When you end the application, GPRS connection is ended but the registration to the GPRS network remains.
Service Internet You [Menu 8] [Menu 8-1] various WAP can access services such as banking, news, weather and they are availability of Check the reports and flight specially designed for mobile maintained by WAP service providers. information. These services phones (Wireless Application Protocol) are WAP services, pricing and tariffs with your network operator and/or the service provider whose service you wish to use.
Profiles [Menu 8-1-3] Profiles contain the configurations to use WAP and MMS services. As the Internet connection for the in order to configured access PC, the mobile phone must be the gateway of service provider. In this menu, you can configure several profiles. You must remember that WAP and MMS profiles are different, so you need to configure 2 different profiles. Contact the service provider to get all the necessary parameters.
Service - Data [Menu 8] settings Appears only if IP address you select Data settings as a Bearer\service. Enter the IP address of the WAP : gateway you want. Dial number Enter the : your telephone WAP gateway. number to dial to identity for your dial-up (and NOT the WAP gateway). User ID : The Password : The Call : Select the type of data call: type users access server password required by your dial-up server (and NOT the WAP gateway) to identify you.
- Connection The and type options for connection type are Temporary depend on the gateway you are using. Continuous or Continuous A confirmed delivery mechanism but generates more network traffic. Temporary A non-confirmed (connectionless) service. HTTP - Proxy settings IP address: Port: - DNS You - Input the port can set the number of the proxy. On primary and secondary server as the DNS. settings According - IP address of the proxy.
Service ? Add You new can add Go to URL You [Menu 8] can a new profile manually. [Menu 8-1-4] connect to the site you want. You need to enter directly specific URL. Cache settings [Menu 8-1-5] You the contents of Cache memory can remove or change a the Cache mode. ? Clear cache The contents of Cache memory will be removed. ? Check cache You or can set the you will check the cache memory option whether not.
Browser version [Menu 8-1-9] The WAP Browser version is SIM Service displayed. [Menu 8-2] provider can offer special application through SIM card, such as home banking, stock market, etc. If you are registered Your service for of these services, the service name will appear at the end of the Main Menu. With the SIM Services menu your phone is futureone proof For and will more support additions to your service information contact your provider's service. service provider.
On Service [Menu 8] browsing menu If you ? are on can view the following menus. Home Refer to ? line, you [Menu 8-1-1]. Reload Reloads the current page. ? Bookmarks See ? [Menu 8-1-2]. Save You as bookmark can save a site as bookmark. ?GotoURL You to the site you want. In this menu, you can also edit the site address. ? can move Clear cache The contents of cache memory will be removed.
Downloads MP3 [Menu 9] [Menu 9-1] The C3400 has integrated MP3 player built-in. You enjoy listening to MP3 music files on a memory in your phone using a compatible headset or via the internal loudspeaker. an can Note ? Because of the small dimension of the some cases the audio could be speaker, in distorted, especially maximum volume and when there sounds. are at lots of bass recommend you to use the stereo headset in order to appreciate the high quality of Therefore, we your music.
Downloads You [Menu 9] transfer MP3 files from compatible PC to the memory in your phone using the Mobile Agent program (or PC sync program) on the CD-ROM in the sales package. When you connect the phone to a PC using the USB cable (supplied in the same package), you can need to install a a driver. Select C3400.inf. For further details, refer to the CD-ROM manual. Note ? The PC should Windows ? ME, SE, Windows 2000, Windows XP operating system.
? Playmode This Repeat ? Set allows to set the menu as mode: Play all, Repeat all, and one. tone ring menu set it as a allows to set the MP3 file This Play play list ring as a ring tone. You can also tone in Profile. [Menu 9-1-2] play list. You can move the track by pressing the navigation key. In addition, if you select option This allows to view the whole menu menu, you can delete the file or view its information .
Downloads [Menu 9] ? Move: Move the stored game to other folder. ? About: Show the information ? Info: Show all the information ? Remove: Delete the game. ? Update: Connect to the on a on server game manufacturer. the game. and download the new version of the stored game. ? Options: Perform network setup of the selected game. ? Rename: Rename the game. ? Exit: Exit the game.
Warning ? Only J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition) based programs will run in a phone environment. The J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition) based programs will only run in a PC environment. ? Even if built standard language (J2ME), not all the Java application are compatible with all phones, because they can use specific libraries (API).
Accessories various accessories for your mobile phone. You can select these options according to your personal communication There are requirements. Standard Battery Stereo headset Allows hands-free earpiece Travel and operation. Includes microphone. Adapter This charger battery while allows you to charge the away from home or your office. Data cable/CD You can connect your exchange phone to PC to the data between them. Note ? ? ? Always use genuine LG accessories.
Technical Data General Product name : System Ambient Max : +55°C Min : -10°C C3400 :GSM900/DCS1800 Temperatures 95
96
