Use and Care Manual
37
GMAW
www.lincolnelectric.com
AWS
%C %Mn %Si %P %S %Ni %Cr %Mo %V %Ti %Zr %Al %Cu (1)
Classification
ER80S-Ni1 0.12 1.25 0.40-0.80 0.025 0.025 0.80-1.10 0.15 0.35 0.05 — — — 0.35 0.50
ER80S-D2,
(2)
0.07-0.12
1.60-2.10
0.50-0.80 0.025 0.025 0.15 — 0.40-0.60 — — — — 0.50 0.50
ER90S-D2
ER100S-1 0.08
1.25-1.80 0.20-0.55 0.010 0.010 1.40-2.10 0.30 0.25-0.55 0.05 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.25 0.50
E90C-G,
Not Specified
(In order to meet the requirements of the “G” classification the electrode must have a mimimum of
E110C-G one or more of the following: 0.50% Ni, 0.30% Cr, 0.20% Mo.)
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
(1)
Total of other elements. Other elements, if intentionally added, shall be reported.
(2)
This composition was formerly classified E70S-1B in AWS Specification A5.18-69.
TABLE 6 — Chemical Composition Requirements for AWS A5.28 GMAW Low Alloy Solid Steel and Composite Electrodes
AWS Classification %C %Mn %Si %S %P %Cu %Ti %Zr %Al
ER70S-2
0.07 0.90 - 1.40 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.035 0.50 0.05 - 0.15 0.02 - 0.12 0.05 - 0.15
ER70S-3 0.06 - 0.15 0.90 - 1.40 0.45 - 0.70 0.025 0.035 0.50 — — —
ER70S-4 0.07 - 0.15 1.00 - 1.50 0.65 - 0.85 0.025 0.035 0.50 — — —
ER70S-6 0.07 - 0.15 1.40 - 1.85 0.80 - 1.15 0.025 0.035 0.50 — — —
ER70S-7 0.07 - 0.15 1.50 - 2.00
(1)
0.50 - 0.80 ——————
E70C-3X 0.12 1.75 0.90 0.03 0.03 0.50 — — —
E70C-6X 0.12 1.75 0.90 0.03 0.03 0.50 — — —
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
(1)
Maximum Mn may exceed 2.0%. If it does, the maximum C must be reduced 0.01% for each 0.05% increase in Mn or part thereof.
(2)
All solid electrode classifications have the following maximum requirements: Ni- 0.15, Cr- 0.15, Mo- 0.15, V- 0.03.
(3)
All composite electrodes have the following maximum requirements: Ni- 0.50, Cr- 0.20, Mo- 0.30, V- 0.08.
(4)
All composite electrode chemical compositions refer to weld metal compositions.
TABLE 5 — Chemical Composition Requirements for AWS A5.18 GMAW Carbon Solid Steel and Composite Electrodes
Solid & Composite Steel Wire Electrode Chemical
C
omposition
Carbon (C) – Carbon is a critical element found in GMAW solid
w
ire electrodes. It is added in precise amounts to provide
strength and ductility in the weldment.
Manganese (Mn) – Manganese is another element that adds
strength to the weld. It is added to GMAW electrodes to act as
a deoxidizer, removing oxygen from the weld, and reducing the
chance of weld metal porosity.
Silicon (Si) – Silicon is also added to GMAW electrodes to act
as a deoxidizer, removing oxygen from the weld, and reducing
t
he chance of weld metal porosity. In general, the higher the
level of silicon in the metal, the more fluid the weld puddle.
Additions of silicon increase tensile and yield strength.
Phosphorus (P) – AWS restricts the level of phosphorus in a
GMAW wire electrode, as it is generally undesirable to the weld
deposit. It can contribute to weld cracking
Sulfur (S) – AWS restricts the level of sulfur in GMAW electrodes
as it is generally undesirable for weldability and can contribute to
weld cracking. However, in limited amounts, it improves fluidity
and wetting.
Copper (Cu) – Copper is found in solid wire electrodes, however,
the majority of the copper comes from the coating of the wire
electrode (if copper-coated). AWS limits surface copper as well
a
s total copper in the finished product. Benefits of copper
c
oating include better conductivity, and therefore, better arc
starts, and longer contact tip life.
Titanium (Ti) – Titanium is found in ER70S-2 mild steel GMAW
wire electrode and is added as a deoxidizer. ER70S-2 GMAW
electrodes are often referred to as "triple deoxidized" due to the
addition of three other deoxidizers in addition to silicon and
m
anganese. Some deoxidizers aid in removing both oxygen
and nitrogen from the weld, reducing the occurrence of weld
metal porosity.
Zirconium (Zr), Aluminum (Al), Nickel (Ni) – Zirconium,
aluminum and nickel are found in ER70S-2 mild steel GMAW
electrodes and are added as deoxidizers. ER70S-2 GMAW
electrodes are often referred to as "triple deoxidized" due to the
addition of 3 other deoxidizers in addition to silicon and
manganese. Deoxidizers aid in removing oxygen and nitrogen
from the weld, reducing the occurrence of weld metal porosity.
Molybdenum (Mo) – Molybdenum is also found in many low
alloy GMAW wire electrodes. It is added for strength and
improved impact properties, even when the weld is subject to
stress relieving post-weld heat treatment.
Chromium (Cr) – Chromium is added to some low alloy GMAW
wire electrodes for corrosion resistance. It is also a primary
element found in stainless steel wire electrodes.