Keystation™ Mini 32 User Guide
Legal Notices This guide is copyrighted ©2011 by Avid Technology, Inc., with all rights reserved. Under copyright laws, this guide may not be duplicated in whole or in part without the written consent of Avid Technology, Inc. Avid, the Avid logo, M-Audio and Keystation Mini 32 are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Avid Technology, Inc. Apple and iPad are registered trademarks of Apple, Inc. All other trademarks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
Chapter 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Product Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 System Requirements and Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix H. MIDI Messages In-Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Program & Bank Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 NRPN/RPNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 1: Introduction Congratulations on purchasing an M-Audio® Keystation ™ Mini 32 keyboard from Avid®. With features that make it suitable for music creation and educational uses, Keystation Mini 32 is a 32-note velocity-sensitive, class compliant USB keyboard designed to easily integrate with your Mac, iPad, or Windows PC. Connecting your Keystation Mini 32 to an iPad requires the iPad Camera Connection Kit, which is available from Apple Computers.
Product Registration Please register your product online at http://www.avid.com/US/support/register-product/. By doing so, you become eligible to receive the following: • Technical support information • Software update and upgrade notices • Hardware warranty information Conventions Used in This Guide The following symbols are used to highlight important information: User Tips are helpful hints for getting the most from your system.
Chapter 2: Connecting Your Keyboard It is recommended that you connect your Keystation keyboard to an available USB port on your computer or iPad. Keystation Mini 32 is a low power device and can be connected to devices such an iPad without issue. Connecting your Keystation Mini 32 to an iPad requires the iPad Camera Connection Kit, which is available from Apple Computers. Power and Connection via USB • Plug the USB cable provided with your Keystation Mini 32 keyboard to a free USB port on your computer.
Mac OS X installation The class-compliant drivers built into Mac OS X provide full support for all features of your Keystation keyboard. This means that additional M-Audio drivers are neither necessary (or available) when using your Keystation with Mac OS X. To install your Keystation Mini 32: 1 Connect the controller keyboard to USB port on your Apple Computer. 2 As soon as the Sustain, Edit, and Oct/Data buttons illuminate on your Keystation Mini 32, it is ready for use with your computer.
Chapter 3: Getting Started This chapter provides an overview of Keystation Mini 32 features which are covered in greater depth in Chapter 4, “Edit Mode.” Once you have finished the installation, you will need to configure your music software for use with your Keystation keyboard. Because Keystation Mini 32 does not contain on board sound presets you will not hear any sound coming directly from the keyboard.
Octave/Data Buttons (Oct/Data) The assignable Octave buttons are used to shift the keyboard up or down in one octave increments (12 semitones at a time). This extends the range of the keyboard up to 4 Octaves in either direction, which lets you play notes that lie outside of the 32 keys. In their default state, such as when you first switch on your Keystation keyboard, the buttons are backlit in red.
Volume Knob The Volume Knob sends a MIDI message that controls the volume of the notes you are playing. The Volume Knob which is assigned the default Continuous Controller number (MIDI CC) of 7, and it can also be assigned to different parameters, such as pan (balance), attack, reverb, chorus and many more. A list of available MIDI CC numbers can be found in Appendix D, “Standard MIDI CC Numbers” on page 30.
Chapter 4: Edit Mode This chapter explains how to use Edit Mode which lets you perform tasks such as assigning the buttons (Octave/Data, Pitch Bend and Modulation) or Volume knob to other functions within your music software. Octave/Data Buttons By default the Octave/Data “+” and “-” buttons are used for shifting the Keystation Mini 32 keybed up or down one octave at a time.
To return to the default octave setting: Simultaneously press the “+” and “-” buttons.Both buttons will return to red at half-brightness. The Data=Octave assignment is retained when the keyboard is turned off. Reassigning the Octave/Data Buttons In addition to setting an octave shift, the Octave/Data “+” and “-” buttons can also be assigned to control any one of the six additional MIDI functions described in this section.
To assign the Octave “+” and “-” buttons to the Transpose function: 1 Press the Edit button. The Edit button light will illuminate to full brightness. 2 Press the “DATA = TRANSPOSE” key, (D#, 2nd black key from the left). The keyboard exits Edit Mode as soon as the “DATA = TRANSPOSE” key is pressed, and the Edit light will return to half brightness. 3 Press the “+” key and you will hear the pitch of the note you get higher. Press the “-” key and you will hear the pitch get lower.
Pressing the “+” and “-” buttons simultaneously will recall Program 0, which selects a grand piano sound if you are playing a General MIDI (GM) Instrument. A full list of General MIDI instrument sounds that can be accessed via Program Change messages is listed in Appendix B, “General MIDI instruments” on page 28. The Data=Program assignment is retained when the keyboard is turned off. However the setting is not.
Knob Assign PB Assign Mod Assign Bank MSB Bank LSB Program Data = Tuning Data = Channel Data = Bank MSB ENTER 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Default Sustain Mode Velocity Mod Rate Data = Bank LSB Data = Program PB Rate Panic CANCEL Data = Transpose Data = Octacve To send Incremental/Decremental Bank LSB changes using the “Oct/Data” buttons: 1 Press the Edit button to enter Edit Mode. The Edit button will illuminate to full brightness.
To send Bank MSB Changes using the numerical keys: 1 Press the Edit button to enter Edit Mode. The Edit button will illuminate to full brightness. 2 Press the “DATA = BANK MSB” key (A#, 5th black key from the right). 3 Use the numerical keys (0 - 9) to enter the Bank MSB number for the bank of sounds you wish to access. 4 Press the “ENTER” key (G, last white key on the right).
To change the MIDI Channel number: 1 Press the Edit button to enter Edit Mode. The Edit button will illuminate to full brightness. 2 Press the “DATA = CHANNEL” (named C#, 6th black key from the left). The Edit button light will return to half-brightness. 3 Press the Octave/Data “+” or “-” button to step upwards or downwards through the MIDI Channel numbers. Pressing both the “+” and “-” buttons together will recall Channel 1. When Channel 16 is reached and “+” is pressed, Channel 1 will be selected.
Modulation Button It is possible to assign other MIDI controls to the Modulation button, such as: • 01 Modulation • 07 Volume • 10 Pan (balance) • 05 Portamento There are 131 parameters in total including the 128 standard MIDI Control Change messages (MIDI CC's). However, for these parameters to have any effect on the sound, the receiving MIDI device or software must be able to read and respond to these MIDI effect messages. Most devices will at least respond to volume, modulation, and pan data.
To return the Modulation button to the default settings: 1 Press the Edit button to engage Edit Mode and the Edit button light will illuminate to full brightness. 2 Press the “MOD ASSIGN” key (C#, 3rd black key from the left). 3 Press the “DEFAULT” key (C, 8th white key from the left). The Edit light will dim to half brightness indicating that programming is complete. Modulation Ramp Rate It is possible to alter the sensitivity of the Modulation button effects using the “Mod Rate” function.
If you have made an error while entering the numerical data value, you can press the “CANCEL” key (C, first white key on the left) to exit Edit Mode without making any changes. As an alternative to steps 3 through 5, you can use the “+” and “-” buttons to change the value. 6 Press the “ENTER.” key (G, last white key on the right. 7 Press the “Mod” button to hear change in the effect rate. The Mod Rate value is retained when the keyboard is turned off.
To return the Pitch Bend buttons to the default parameter: 1 Press the Edit button. The Edit button light will illuminate to full brightness. 2 Press the “PB ASSIGN” key (D#, 2nd black key from the right). 3 Press the “DEFAULT” key (C, 8th white key from the left). The Edit light will dim to half brightness indicating that programming is complete. Pitch Bend Rate It is possible to alter the sensitivity of the Pitch Bend buttons using the Pitch Bend Rate function.
If you make an error while entering the value, press the “CANCEL” key to exit Edit Mode without making any changes. As an alternative to steps 3 through 5, you can use the “+” and “-” buttons to change the value. 6 Press the “ENTER” key (G, last white key on the right), the Edit light will dim to half brightness indicating that programming is complete. 7 Press the “PB>” button while playing to hear how the Pitch Bend will occur faster than before.
The Volume Knob assignment is retained when the keyboard is turned off. To return the Volume Knob to its default parameter (07 - Volume): 1 Press the Edit button. The Edit button light will illuminate to full brightness. 2 Press the “KNOB ASSIGN” key (F#, 1st black key from the right). 3 Press the “DEFAULT” key (C, 8th white key from the left). The Edit light will dim to half brightness indicating that programming is complete.
To select a new Velocity Curve: 1 Press the Edit button to engage Edit Mode and the Edit button light will illuminate to full brightness. 2 Press the “VELOCITY” key (G, 5th white key from the left). 3 Use the Numerical Data Entry keys (0 - 9) to enter the number of the Velocity Curve you want to use. If you have made an error while entering the Effect number, you can press the “CANCEL” key (C, first white key on the left) to exit Edit Mode without making any changes.
Now pressing the Sustain button and playing a note will cause it the sustain until the button is pressed a second time. The Sustain Mode setting is retained when the keyboard is turned off. To return the Sustain button to Toggle mode (default): 1 Press the Edit button. The Edit button light will illuminate to full brightness. 2 Press the “SUSTAIN MODE” key (A, 6th white key from the left). The Edit mode button will dim to half brightness indicating that programming is complete.
Chapter 5: Troubleshooting Troubleshooting MIDI Functionality Keystation Mini 32 has been designed to make working with MIDI on your computer as simple as possible. However, you may experience some difficulties. In many cases, the keyboard is not at fault, as the problem lies with the receiving device or software. To counter this the Panic and Full Reset functions are available to assist you.
Full Reset To send a Full Reset message: 1 Make sure your computer is running. 2 Switch on the Keystation Mini 32 by plugging in the USB Cable from your computer while simultaneously holding down the Oct/Data “+” and “-” buttons.
General Troubleshooting Here are answers to common questions you may have while using your Keystation keyboard: My M-Audio hardware suddenly stopped working. If your M-Audio hardware suddenly stops working, try the following: Disconnect, wait 10 seconds, reconnect. Try connecting to different USB ports. Try using a different USB cable. I have plugged the Keystation into my computer but the lights on the keyboard will not work.
Selecting a new driver Clicking on the arrow found immediately to the right of the current driver name reveals a popup menu containing a list of additional drivers to choose from. With this in mind, Windows users should choose an ASIO (Audio Stream Input/Output) driver if available. If ASIO is not available and you are using Windows Vista or Windows 7, you may notice at least one available WASAPI (Windows Audio Session API) driver.
Appendix A: Edit Mode Functions The following illustration can be printed and used as a visual reference while using your keyboard in Edit mode.
Appendix B: General MIDI instruments Keystation Mini 32 does not contain internal sounds. The following table is for reference when controlling General MIDI compatible software instruments or devices. Please Note: Some MIDI devices count preset sounds from 1 – 128 instead of 0-127. As a result, there may be an offset of +/-1 between the program change number sent from the keyboard and the recalled sound preset in your software.
Appendix C: Advanced Functions Numbers above 127 are not actual MIDI CC's, these numbers are given for additional functions.
Appendix D: Standard MIDI CC Numbers 00 Bank Select 35 Controller 35 70 Sound Variation 105 Controller 105 01 Modulation 36 Foot Control LSB 71 Resonance 106 Controller 106 02 Breath Control 37 Portamento Time LSB 72 Release Time 107 Controller 107 03 Controller 3 38 Data Entry LSB 73 Attack Time 108 Controller 108 04 Foot Control 39 Channel Volume LSB 74 Cut-off Frequency 109 Controller 109 05 Portamento Time 40 Balance LSB 75 Controller 75 110 Controller 110 06 Data Entry 41 Contr
Appendix E: MIDI Message Definitions Key n MIDI Channel 0-F nn Note Number 0 - 7F vv Value 0 - 7F MIDI Message Data Note On 9n nn vv (pressed) Note Off 8n nn vv (released) Pitch Bend En 00 vv Pitch Bend Min En 00 00 Pitch Bend Centre En 00 40 Pitch Bend Max En 7F 7F Modulation Wheel Bn 01 vv Channel Volume Bn 07 vv Master Volume F0 7F 08 04 01 00 vv F7 Sustain Bn 40 vv Sustain Off Bn 40 00 Sustain On Bn 40 7F Program Change Cn vv Bank MSB Bn 00 vv Bank LSB Bn 20 vv
Appendix F: Data Entry for Values 0 - 127 These keys are used in conjunction with a keybed function that requires a numeric value. These functions are: • Program Change • Bank LSB • Bank MSB • Volume Knob Assign • Modulation Button Assign • Pitch Bend Buttons Assign • Mod Rate • PB Rate After selecting one of the above functions the keyboard will remain in Edit Mode with the LED lit awaiting numeric data entry. Edit Mode will exit when CANCEL or ENTER is pressed or the Edit Mode button is pressed again.
Appendix G: Additional RPN Messages You may have noticed that although we have stated there are 128 MIDI controller messages (0 – 127), Appendix D, “Standard MIDI CC Number” shows 132 assignable controller messages. This is because messages 128 – 131 are a different type of MIDI message, defined in the MIDI Specification as RPN messages. M-Audio has created four messages that are sent like MIDI CCs, but actually transmit a series of RPN messages.
Appendix H: MIDI Messages In-Depth Program & Bank Changes When the MIDI standard was first established, it enabled the user to access only 128 different sounds using program change messages (0-127). As MIDI devices grew to be more sophisticated and contain more sounds, bank change messages were included in an updated MIDI specification to allow for more than 128 sounds to be accessed.
MIDI CC 0 is the bank select MSB (Most Significant Byte) message. This MIDI message is 7-bit in size and can be used to select any of 128 banks. This message can be used in conjunction with MIDI CC 32 which is bank select LSB (Least Significant Byte): a separate 7-bit message allowing additional selection of any of another 128 sub-banks. The combination of Bank MSB and LSB messages gives a 14-bit message that can select any of a possible 16,384 banks.
Appendix I: MIDI Implementation Chart Function… Basic Channel Mode Transmitted Default 1-16 Changed 1-16 Default Messages Altered Note Mode 3 0 ***** 0-127 Number True Voice Velocity Note ON 0 Note OFF X Key’s X Channel 0* After Touch Pitch Bend ***** 0 Control 0-119 0 Change 120-127 0 Program Change 0-127 True # System Exclusive System Common System Real Time Aux Messages Notes Keystation Mini 32 User Guide ***** 0* Song Position Pointer X Song Sel X Tune Request X
Appendix J: Compliance Information Environmental Compliance Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in the European Union This symbol on the product or its packaging indicates that this product must not be disposed of with other waste. Instead, it is your responsibility to dispose of your waste equipment by handing it over to a designated collection point for the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment.
EMC (Electromagnetic Compliance) Avid declares that this product complies with the following standards regulating emissions and immunity: • • FCC Part 15 Class B • • EN 55022 Class B • • EN 55024 Class B • • AS/NZS CISPR 22 Class B • • CISPR 22 Class B FCC Compliance for United States Communication Statement NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
Safety Compliance Safety Statement This equipment has been tested to comply with USA and Canadian safety certification in accordance with the specifications of UL Standard UL60950-1, 2nd Edition/IEC60950-1, 2nd Edition and Canadian CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1-07; 2007 2nd Ed. Avid Technology, Inc. has been authorized to apply the appropriate TUV & cTUV marks on its compliant equipment. Warning Japan VCCI Compliance Important Safety Instructions 1) Read these instructions. 2) Keep these instructions.
Appendix K: Warranty Terms Avid warrants products to be free from defects in materials and workmanship, under normal use and provided that the product is owned by the original, registered user. Visit www.m-audio.
Avid Technical Support (USA) Product Information 5795 Martin Road Irwindale, CA 91706-6211 USA Visit the Online Support Center at www.avid.com/support For company and product information, visit us on the web at www.avid.
