Datasheet

ManualsBrandsMAXIM INTEGRATED ManualsLinear ICsMAX2016ETI+

General Description

The MAX2016 dual logarithmic detector/controller is a

fully integrated system designed for measuring and

comparing power, gain/loss, and voltage standing-wave

ratio (VSWR) of two incoming RF signals. An internal

broadband impedance match on the two differential RF

input ports allows for the simultaneous monitoring of sig-

nals ranging from low frequency to 2.5GHz.

The MAX2016 uses a pair of logarithmic amplifiers to

detect and compare the power levels of two RF input

signals. The device internally subtracts one power level

from the other to provide a DC output voltage that is pro-

portional to the power difference (gain). The MAX2016

can also measure the return loss/VSWR of an RF signal

by monitoring the incident and reflected power levels

associated with any given load. A window detector is

easily implemented by using the on-chip comparators,

OR gate, and 2V reference. This combination of circuitry

provides an automatic indication of when the measured

gain is outside a programmable range. Alarm monitoring

can thus be implemented for detecting high-VSWR

states (such as open or shorted loads).

The MAX2016 operates from a single +2.7V to +5.25V*

power supply and is specified over the extended -40°C

to +85°C temperature range. The MAX2016 is available

in a space-saving, 5mm x 5mm, 28-pin thin QFN.

Applications

Return Loss/VSWR Measurements

Dual-Channel RF Power Measurements

Dual-Channel Precision AGC/RF Power Control

Log Ratio Function for RF Signals

Remote System Monitoring and Diagnostics

Cellular Base Station, Microwave Link, Radar,

and other Military Applications

RF/IF Power Amplifier (PA) Linearization

Features

♦ Complete Gain and VSWR Detector/Controller

♦ Dual-Channel RF Power Detector/Controller

♦ Low-Frequency to 2.5GHz Frequency Range

♦ Exceptional Accuracy Over Temperature

♦ High 80dB Dynamic Range

♦ 2.7V to 5.25V Supply Voltage Range*

♦ Internal 2V Reference

♦ Scaling Stable Over Supply and Temperature

Variations

♦ Controller Mode with Error Output

♦ Available in 5mm x 5mm, 28-Pin Thin QFN

Package

*See Power-Supply Connection section.

MAX2016

LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/

Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

FA1 1

RFINA+ 3

RFINA- 4

GND 5

COUTH 6

CSETH 7

FB121

RFINB+19

RFINB-18

GND17

COUTL16

CSETL15

COR

SETD

OUTD

FV2

FV1

FA2

OUTA

SETA

REF

SETB

OUTB

FB2

MAX2016

THIN QFN

Pin Configuration

Ordering Information

19-3404; Rev 1; 10/06

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at

1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

EVALUATION KIT

AVAILABLE

PART TEMP RANGE

PIN-

PACKAGE

PKG

CODE

MAX2016ETI -40°C to +85°C

28 Thi n QFN - E P *,

b ul k

T2855-3

MAX2016ETI-T -40°C to +85°C

28 Thi n QFN - E P *,

T/R

T2855-3

MAX2016ETI+D -40°C to +85°C

28 Thi n QFN - E P *,

l ead fr ee, b ul k

T2855-3

MAX2016ETI+TD -40°C to +85°C

28 Thi n QFN - E P *,

l ead fr ee, T/R

T2855-3

*EP = Exposed pad.

+Indicates lead-free package.

D = Dry pack.

Typical Application Circuit appears at end of data sheet.

Summary of content (20 pages)

PAGE 1
9-3404; Rev 1; 10/06 KIT ATION EVALU E L B A AVAIL LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements The MAX2016 dual logarithmic detector/controller is a fully integrated system designed for measuring and comparing power, gain/loss, and voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) of two incoming RF signals. An internal broadband impedance match on the two differential RF input ports allows for the simultaneous monitoring of signals ranging from low frequency to 2.5GHz.
PAGE 2
MAX2016 LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND .........................................................-0.3V to +5.25V Input Power Differential (RFIN_+, RFIN_-)......................+23dBm Input Power Single Ended (RFIN_+ or RFIN _-) .............+19dBm All Other Pins to GND.................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 28-Pin, 5mm x 5mm Thin QFN (derate 35.
PAGE 3
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements (Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +2.7V to +3.3V, R1 = R2 = R3 = 0Ω, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL RF Input Frequency Range fRF Return Loss S11 Large-Signal Response Time CONDITIONS MIN TYP AC-coupled input MAX UNITS 2.5 GHz 0.
PAGE 4
MAX2016 LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—OUTA AND OUTB (continued) (Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +2.7V to +3.3V, R1 = R2 = R3 = 0Ω, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS RSSI MODE—2.
PAGE 5
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements (Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +2.7V to +3.3V, R1 = R2 = R3 = 0Ω, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Large-Signal Rise and Fall Time ±1dB Dynamic Range SYMBOL CONDITIONS 0.1GHz PRFINB = -32dBm 80 0.9GHz PRFINB = -30dBm 75 1.9GHz PRFINB = -27dBm 60 2.17GHz PRFINB = -25dBm 55 2.
PAGE 6
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2016 EV kit, VCC = 3.3V, R1 = R2 = R3 = 0Ω, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. A/B DIFFERENCE fIN = 100MHz PRFINB = -32dBm NORMALIZED TO DATA AT +25°C 2 1 ERROR (dB) TA = -20°C, +25°C, +85°C 1.5 3 1.0 TA = -20°C 0 TA = +85°C -1 0.5 -2 0 -3 -10 10 30 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB) MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB) DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
PAGE 7
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. A/B DIFFERENCE TA = -20°C TA = +85°C 1.5 fIN = 2170MHz PRFINB = -25dBm NORMALIZED TO DATA AT +25°C 2 1 ERROR (dB) TA = +25°C 1.0 TA = -20°C 0 -1 0.5 -2 0 -3 -25 2.5 -5 15 35 -20 0 40 20 MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB) DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. A/B DIFFERENCE DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT-VOLTAGE ERROR vs. A/B DIFFERENCE fIN = 2500MHz PRFINB = -23dBm PRFINA IS SWEPT 2.
PAGE 8
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2016 EV kit, VCC = 3.3V, R1 = R2 = R3 = 0Ω, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) VOUTA vs. PRFINA VOUTA ERROR vs. PRFINA TA = -20°C TA = +25°C 2.0 fIN = 100MHz NORMALIZED TO DATA AT +25°C 2 1 ERROR (dB) 1.0 TA = -20°C 0 TA = +85°C -1 0.5 -2 0 -3 -60 -40 -20 0 20 -80 -60 -40 PRFINA (dBm) VOUTA vs.
PAGE 9
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements VOUTA ERROR vs. PRFINA VOUTA vs. PRFINA TA = -20°C 1 ERROR (dB) 1.5 TA = +85°C 1.0 TA = -20°C 0 -1 0.5 TA = +85°C -2 -3 0 -60 -45 -30 -15 0 -60 15 -45 TA = -20°C TA = +25°C fIN = 2500MHz NORMALIZED TO DATA AT +25°C 2 15 TA = -20°C 1 ERROR (dB) VOUTA (V) 0 3 MAX2016 toc21 fIN = 2500MHz 1.5 1.0 -15 VOUTA ERROR vs. PRFINA VOUTA vs. PRFINA 2.5 2.
PAGE 10
MAX2016 LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION 1, 28 FA1, FA2 External Capacitor Input. Connecting a capacitor between FA1 and FA2 sets the highpass cutoff frequency corner for detector A (see the Input Highpass Filter section). 2, 9, 12, 20 VCC Supply Voltage. Bypass with capacitors as specified in the Typical Application Circuit.
PAGE 11
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements SETA, SETB, and SETD Inputs The SET_ inputs are used for loop control when the device is in controller mode. Likewise, these same SET_ inputs are used to set the slope of the output signal (mV/dB) when the MAX2016 is in detector mode. The center node of the internal resistor-divider is fed to the negative input of the power detector’s internal output op amp.
PAGE 12
MAX2016 LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements impedance results, leading to an increase in reflected power and subsequent change in the transmission line’s VSWR. This increase in reflected power is manifested by an increase in the voltage at OUTD. An alarm condition can be set by using the low comparator output (COUTL) as shown in Figure 1.
PAGE 13
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements RFINA LOGARITHMIC DETECTOR RFINB LOGARITHMIC DETECTOR MAX2016 MAX2016 20kΩ SETD OUTD OUTD GND RF BLOCK COUPLER COUPLER OUT IN Figure 3. Gain Measurement Configuration Measuring Gain The MAX2016 can be used to measure the gain of an RF block (or combination of blocks) through the implementation outlined in Figure 3.
PAGE 14
MAX2016 LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements Measuring Power (RSSI Detector Mode) In detector mode, the MAX2016 acts like a receive-signal-strength indicator (RSSI), which provides an output voltage proportional to the input power. This is accomplished by providing a feedback path from OUTA (OUTB) to SETA (SETB) (R1/R2 = 0Ω; see Figure 5). By connecting SET_ directly to OUT_, the op-amp gain is set to 2V/V due to two internal 20kΩ feedback resistors.
PAGE 15
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements OUTA and OUTB Slope Adjustment The transfer slope function of OUTA and OUTB can be increased from its nominal value by varying resistors R1 and R2 (see the Typical Application Circuit).
PAGE 16
MAX2016 LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements CSETH MAX2016 COR RFINA LOGARITHMIC DETECTOR CSETL RFINB LOGARITHMIC DETECTOR OUTD SETD 20kΩ RF BLOCK COUPLER IN COUPLER OUT Figure 8. Window Comparators Monitoring Mode. COR goes high if OUTD drops below CSETL or rises above CSETH. Comparators/Window Detectors The MAX2016 integrates two comparators for use in monitoring the difference in power levels (gain) of RFINA and RFINB.
PAGE 17
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements Exposed Pad RF/Thermal Considerations The exposed paddle (EP) of the MAX2016’s 28-pin thin QFN-EP package provides two functions. One is a low thermal-resistance path to the die; the second is a lowRF impedance ground connection. The EP MUST be soldered to a ground plane on the PCB, either directly or through an array of plated via holes (minimum of four holes to provide ground integrity).
PAGE 18
LF-to-2.
PAGE 19
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements QFN THIN.EPS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19 MAX2016 Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
PAGE 20
Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) Revision History Pages changed at Rev 1: 1, 5, 10–20 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.