EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE MAX2830 LE AVAILAB 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch General Description The MAX2830 direct conversion, zero-IF, RF transceiver is designed specifically for 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b WLAN applications.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCCTXPA, VCCPA, and ANT_ _ to GND ..................-0.3V to +4.5V VCCLNA, VCCTXMX, VCCPLL, VCCCP, VCCXTAL, VCCVCO, VCCRXVGA, VCCRXFL, and VCCRXMX_ to GND...-0.3V to +3.9V B6, B7, B3, B2, SHDN, B5, CS, SCLK, DIN, B1, TUNE, B4, ANTSEL, TXBBI_, TXBBQ_, RXHP, RXTX, RXBBI_, RXBBQ_, RSSI, BYPASS, CPOUT, LD, CLOCKOUT, XTAL, CTUNE to GND ....................-0.3V to (Operating VCC + 0.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.7V to 3.6V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 2.7V to 4.2V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, Rx set to the maximum gain. CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = ANTSEL = low, RSSI and clock output buffer are off, no signal at RF inputs, all RF inputs and outputs terminated into 50Ω, receiver baseband outputs are open. 100mVRMS differential I and Q signals (54Mbps IEEE 802.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Rx Mode (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA =+25°C, fRF = 2.439GHz, fLO = 2.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Rx Mode (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA =+25°C, fRF = 2.439GHz, fLO = 2.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Tx Mode (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fRF = 2.439GHz , fLO = 2.437GHz. fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = RXTX = CS = ANTSEL = high, and SCLK = DIN = low, with power matching for the differential RF pins using the typical applications circuit. 100mVRMS sine and cosine signal (or 100mVRMS 54Mbps IEEE 802.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Tx Mode (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fRF = 2.439GHz , fLO = 2.437GHz. fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = RXTX = CS = ANTSEL = high, and SCLK = DIN = low, with power matching for the differential RF pins using the typical applications circuit. 100mVRMS sine and cosine signal (or 100mVRMS 54Mbps IEEE 802.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Frequency Synthesizer (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.7V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, SCLK = DIN = low, PLL loop bandwidth = 150kHz, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2.5 GHz FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER RF Channel Center Frequency 2.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Miscellaneous Blocks (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, fLO = 2.437GHZ, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, SCLK = DIN = low, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR On-Chip Tuning Capacitance Range Maximum capacitance, A3:A0 = 1110, D6:D0 = 1111111 15.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Timing (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA =+25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, SCLK = DIN = low, PLL loop bandwidth = 150kHz, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low.) TA = +25°C LNA = MEDIUM GAIN 25 20 15 TA = -40°C 61 10 0 0 LNA = LOW GAIN 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 GAIN SETTINGS Rx EVM vs. VOUT Rx EVM vs. PIN LNA = LOW GAIN LNA = HIGH GAIN 20 18 3.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low.) LNA INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (ANT 2) MAX2830 toc10 LOW GAIN MAX2830 toc11 3.0 MAX2830 toc09a -5 LNA = HIGH GAIN 2.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low.) 92 76 39 69 57 26 46 38 13 23 19 0 0 1σ/div 1σ/div 1σ/div Tx ICC vs. VCC HISTOGRAM: Tx LO LEAKAGE HISTOGRAM: Tx SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION 86 MEAN: -33.45dBc STD: 6.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low.) Tx OUTPUT POWER vs. FREQUENCY MAX2830 toc37 MAX2830 toc36 TA = -40°C TRANSMIT EMISSION MASK 18.0 GAIN ADJUSTED TO ACHIEVE 5.6% EVM 17.5 POUT = +17.1dBm EVM = 5.6% MAX2830 toc38 Tx GAIN VARIATION vs.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low.) MAX2830 toc46 4 LO 3 2550 -10 -20 -14 8 LO 3 -30 -40 -16 -50 3x RF -60 -18 -70 -80 -20 2350 2400 2450 2500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 2550 2600 DC 2450 2400 2300 26.5GHz 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2830 EV kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, VCCPA = VCCTXPA = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 2.437GHz, fREF = 40MHz, SHDN = CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low.) Rx-TO-Tx TURNAROUND PLL SETTLING TIME Tx-Rx TURNAROUND PLL SETTLING TIME MAX2830 toc52 25kHz 5kHz/div 5kHz/ div -25kHz -25kHz 0 50µs CRYSTAL-OSCILLATOR OFFSET FREQUENCY vs.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Pin Description PIN NAME 1 VCCLNA 2 GNDRXLNA 3 B6 4 ANT1+ 5 ANT1- 6 B7 7 VCCPA 8 B3 9 ANT2+ 10 ANT2- 11 B2 FUNCTION LNA Supply Voltage LNA Ground Receiver and Transmitter Gain-Control Logic-Input Bit 6 Antenna 1. Differential Input to LNA in Rx mode. Input is internally AC-coupled and matched to 100Ω differential. Connect directly to a 2:1 balun.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Pin Description (continued) PIN NAME 35 RXBBQ- 36 RXBBQ+ 37 RXBBI- 38 RXBBI+ 39 VCCRXVGA 40 RXHP 41 VCCRXFL 42 TXBBQ- 43 TXBBQ+ 44 TXBBI- 45 TXBBI+ 46 VCCRXMX 47 ANTSEL 48 RXTX — EP FUNCTION Receiver Baseband Q-Channel Differential Outputs. In TX calibration mode, these pins are the LO leakage and sideband detector outputs. Receiver Baseband I-Channel Differential Outputs.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch an antenna diversity path between the ANT2 port (pins 9 and 10) and the receiver. When RXTX = 1, the PA and transmit path are automatically connected to the ANT2 port, regardless of the logic state of ANTSEL. For solutions not requiring antenna diversity, set ANTSEL logic-level high, enabling only the ANT2 port for both receive and transmit modes.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch corner frequency. In addition, coarse frequency tuning allows the -3dB corner frequency to be set to 7.5MHz (11b mode), 8.5MHz (11g mode), 15MHz (turbo 1 mode), and 18MHz (turbo 2 mode) by programming bits D1:D0 in Register 8 (A3:A0 = 1000). See Table 3. The coarse corner frequency can be fine-tuned approximately ±10% in 5% steps by programming bits D2:D0 in Register 7 (A3:A0 = 0111).
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Transmitter The transmitter integrates baseband lowpass filters, direct-upconversion mixers, a VGA, a PA driver, and a linear RF PA with a power detector. A logic-high on the RXTX input (pin 48) and a logic-high on the SHDN input (pin 12) enable the transmitter. The PA outputs are routed to ANT2, regardless of the state at ANTSEL. Register 8 (A3:A0 = 1000) and bit D5:D3 in Register 7 (A3:A0 = 0111).
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Power-Amplifier Bias and Enable Delay The MAX2830 integrates a 2-stage PA, providing +17.1dBm of output power at 5.6% error vector magnitude (EVM) (54Mbps OFDM signal) in 802.11g mode while exceeding the 802.11g spectral mask requirements. The first and second stage PA bias currents are set through programming bits D2:D0 and bits D6:D3 in Register 10 (A3:A0 = 1010), respectively.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Table 14. IEEE 802.11g/b Divider-Ratio Programming Words fRF (MHz) (fRF / fCOMP) 2412 INTEGER DIVIDER FRACTIONAL DIVIDER A3:A0 = 0011, D7:D0 A3:A0 = 0100, D13:D0 A3:A0 = 0011, D13:D8 120.6 0111 1000b 2666h 1Ah 2417 120.85 0111 1000b 3666h 1Ah 2422 121.1 0111 1001b 0666h 1Ah 2427 121.35 0111 1001b 1666h 1Ah 2432 121.6 0111 1001b 2666h 1Ah 2437 121.85 0111 1001b 3666h 1Ah 2442 122.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch D12 in Register 1 (A3:A0 = 0001) configures the lockdetect output as a CMOS or open-drain output. In opendrain output mode, bit D9 in Register 5 (A3:A0 = 0101) enables or disables an internal 30kΩ pullup resistor from the open-drain output. Register data is loaded through the 3-wire SPI/ MICROWIRE™-compatible serial interface. Data is shifted in MSB first and is framed by CS.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Table 16. Register 0 (A3:A0 = 0000) DATA BITS RECOMMENDED D13:D11 000 D10 1 D9:D0 1101000000 DESCRIPTION Set to recommended value. Fractional-N PLL Mode Enable. Set 1 to enable the fractional-N PLL or set 0 to enable the integer-N PLL. Set to recommended value. Table 17. Register 1 (A3:A0 = 0001) DATA BITS RECOMMENDED DESCRIPTION D13 0 Set to recommended value. D12 1 Lock-Detector Output Select.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Table 22. Register 6 (A3:A0 = 0110) DATA BIT RECOMMENDED D13 0 Set to recommended value. DESCRIPTION D12:D11 00 Tx I/Q Calibration LO Leakage and Sideband Detector Gain-Control Bits. D12:D11 = 00: 9dB; 01 19dB; 10: 29dB; 11: 39dB. D10:D7 0000 D6 1 D5:D2 1000 D1 0 Tx Calibration Mode.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Table 25. Register 9 (A3:A0 = 1001) BIT RECOMMENDED D13:D11 000 D10 0 D9:D0 1110110101 DESCRIPTION Set to recommended value. Enable Transmitter Gain Programming Through the Serial or Parallel Interface. Set to 1 to enable programming through the 3-wire serial interface (D5:D0 in Register A3:A0 = 1011). Set to 0 to enable programming in parallel through external digital pins (B6:B1). Set to recommended value.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch Table 30. Register 14 (A3:A0 = 1110) BIT RECOMMENDED D13:D11 000 DESCRIPTION D10 0 Reference Clock Output Divider Ratio. Set 1 to divide by 2 or set 0 to divide by 1. Set to recommended value. D9 1 Reference Clock Output Enable. Set 1 to enable the reference clock output or set 0 to disable. D8:D7 10 Set to recommended value. D6:D0 XXXXXXX Crystal-Oscillator Fine Tune.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch are on, so that Tx or Rx modes can be quickly enabled from this mode. Set SHDN to a logic-low and RXTX to a logic-high to place the device in standby mode. Receive (Rx) Mode The complete receive signal path is enabled in this mode. Set SHDN to logic-high and RXTX to logic-low to place the device in Rx mode. Transmit (Tx) Mode The complete transmitter signal path is enabled in this mode.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.11g/b RF Transceiver, PA, and Rx/Tx/Antenna Diversity Switch POWER SUPPLY ON POWER 3-WIRE SERIAL INTERFACE AVAILABLE IREF SHDN MAC SHUTDOWN MAC SPI MAX2830 RXTX CS CS (SELECT) SCLK SCLK (CLOCK) DIN DIN (DATA) SPI: CHANNEL FREQUENCY, PA BIAS, TRANSMITTER LINEARITY, RECEIVER RSSI OPERATION, CALIBRATION MODE, ETC. INTERNAL PA ENABLED 0 TO 7µs (DRIVES POWER RAMP CONTROL) SHUTDOWN MODE STANDBY MODE RECEIVE MODE PA ENABLE TRANSMIT MODE Figure 4.
MAX2830 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz 802.