Datasheet

ManualsBrandsMAXIM INTEGRATED ManualsLinear ICsMAX7032ATJ+

General Description

The MAX7032 crystal-based, fractional-N transceiver is

designed to transmit and receive ASK/OOK or FSK

data in the 300MHz to 450MHz frequency range with

data rates up to 33kbps (Manchester encoded) or

66kbps (NRZ encoded). This device generates a typi-

cal output power of +10dBm into a 50Ω load, and

exhibits typical sensitivities of -114dBm for ASK data

and -110dBm for FSK data. The MAX7032 features sep-

arate transmit and receive pins (PAOUT and LNAIN)

and provides an internal RF switch that can be used to

connect the transmit and receive pins to a common

antenna.

The MAX7032 transmit frequency is generated by a 16-

bit, fractional-N, phase-locked loop (PLL), while the

receiver’s local oscillator (LO) is generated by an inte-

ger-N PLL. This hybrid architecture eliminates the need

for separate transmit and receive crystal reference

oscillators because the fractional-N PLL allows the

transmit frequency to be set within 2kHz of the receive

frequency. The 12-bit resolution of the fractional-N PLL

allows frequency multiplication of the crystal frequency

in steps of f

XTAL

/4096. Retaining the fixed-N PLL for the

receiver avoids the higher current drain requirements of

a fractional-N PLL and keeps the receiver current drain

as low as possible.

The fractional-N architecture of the MAX7032 transmit

PLL allows the transmit FSK signal to be programmed for

exact frequency deviations, and completely eliminates

the problems associated with oscillator-pulling FSK sig-

nal generation. All frequency-generation components are

integrated on-chip, and only a crystal, a 10.7MHz IF filter,

and a few discrete components are required to imple-

ment a complete antenna/digital data solution.

The MAX7032 is available in a small 5mm x 5mm, 32-pin,

thin QFN package, and is specified to operate in the

automotive -40°C to +125°C temperature range.

Applications

2-Way Remote Keyless Entry

Security Systems

Home Automation

Remote Controls

Remote Sensing

Smoke Alarms

Garage Door Openers

Local Telemetry Systems

Features

♦ +2.1V to +3.6V or +4.5V to +5.5V Single-Supply

Operation

♦ Single Crystal Transceiver

♦ User-Adjustable 300MHz to 450MHz Carrier

Frequency

♦ ASK/OOK and FSK Modulation

♦ User-Adjustable FSK Frequency Deviation

Through Fractional-N PLL Register

♦ Agile Transmitter Frequency Synthesizer with

XTAL

/4096 Carrier-Frequency Spacing

♦ +10dBm Output Power into 50Ω Load

♦ Integrated TX/RX Switch

♦ Integrated Transmit and Receive PLL, VCO, and

Loop Filter

♦ > 45dB Image Rejection

♦ Typical RF Sensitivity*

ASK: -114dBm

FSK: -110dBm

♦ Selectable IF Bandwidth with External Filter

♦ RSSI Output with High Dynamic Range

♦ Autopolling Low-Power Management

♦ < 12.5mA Transmit-Mode Current

♦ < 6.7mA Receive-Mode Current

♦ < 23.5µA Polling-Mode Current

♦ < 800nA Shutdown Current

♦ Fast-On Startup Feature, < 250µs

♦ Small 32-Pin, Thin QFN Package

MAX7032

Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable,

ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL

________________________________________________________________

Maxim Integrated Products

Ordering Information

19-3685; Rev 2; 11/10

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,

or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

EVALUATION KIT

AVAILABLE

PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

MAX7032ATJ+ -40°C to +125°C 32 Thin QFN-EP**

*0.2% BER, 4kbps Manchester-encoded data, 280kHz IF BW,

average RF power

Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.

EP = Exposed pad.

Pin Configuration, Typical Application Circuit, and

Functional Diagram appear at end of data sheet.

Summary of content (32 pages)

PAGE 1
9-3685; Rev 2; 11/10 KIT ATION EVALU E L B A AVAIL Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL The MAX7032 crystal-based, fractional-N transceiver is designed to transmit and receive ASK/OOK or FSK data in the 300MHz to 450MHz frequency range with data rates up to 33kbps (Manchester encoded) or 66kbps (NRZ encoded).
PAGE 2
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS HVIN to GND .........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V PAVDD, AVDD, DVDD to GND..............................-0.3V to +4.0V ENABLE, T/R, DATA, CS, DIO, SCLK, CLKOUT to GND......................................................-0.3V to (HVIN + 0.3V) All Other Pins to GND ...............................-0.3V to (_VDD + 0.
PAGE 3
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL (Typical Application Circuit, 50Ω system impedance, VAVDD = VDVDD = VPAVDD = VHVIN = +2.1V to +3.6V, fRF = 300MHz to 450MHz, TA = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VAVDD = VDVDD = VPAVDD = VHVIN = +2.7V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS DIGITAL I/O Input High Threshold VIH (Note 2) Input Low Threshold VIL (Note 2) 0.
PAGE 4
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (Typical Application Circuit, 50Ω system impedance, VAVDD = VDVDD = VPAVDD = VHVIN = +2.1V to +3.6V, fRF = 300MHz to 450MHz, TA = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VPAVDD = VAVDD = VDVDD = VHVIN = +2.7V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX TA = +25°C (Note 4) 4.6 10.0 15.
PAGE 5
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL (Typical Application Circuit, 50Ω system impedance, VAVDD = VDVDD = VPAVDD = VHVIN = +2.1V to +3.6V, fRF = 300MHz to 450MHz, TA = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VPAVDD = VAVDD = VDVDD = VHVIN = +2.7V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS Gain MIN TYP MAX UNITS 15 mV/dB 2.
PAGE 6
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (Typical Application Circuit, 50Ω system impedance, VAVDD = VDVDD = VPAVDD = VHVIN = +2.1V to +3.6V, fRF = 300MHz to 450MHz, TA = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VPAVDD = VAVDD = VDVDD = VHVIN = +2.7V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) Supply current, output power, and efficiency are greatly dependent on board layout and PAOUT match. 100% tested at TA = +125°C. Guaranteed by design and characterization overtemperature.
PAGE 7
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL RECEIVER VCC = +3.0V 10 VCC = +2.1V 8 10 BIT-ERROR RATE (%) VCC = +3.6V 12 6 fRF = 434MHz 1 0.2% BER MAX7032 toc05 fRF = 434MHz 1 0.2% BER 0.1 0.1 4 fRF = 315MHz 2 0 fRF = 315MHz 0.01 0.01 -15 -10 35 60 85 110 -121 -119 -117 -115 -113 -116 -111 -114 -112 -110 -108 -106 -104 TEMPERATURE (°C) AVERAGE INPUT POWER (dBm) AVERAGE INPUT POWER (dBm) SENSITIVITY vs.
PAGE 8
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Typical Application Circuit, VPAVDD = VAVDD = VDVDD = VHVIN = +3.0V, fRF = 433.92MHz, TA = +25°C, IF BW = 280kHz, data rate = 4kbps Manchester encoded, frequency deviation = ±50kHz, BER = 0.2% average RF power, unless otherwise noted.) RECEIVER 0.8 0.4 30 FROM RFIN TO MIXOUT fRF = 434MHz 48dB IMAGE REJECTION 20 10 fRF = 434MHz IMAGE REJECTION (dB) SYSTEM GAIN (dBm) 1.
PAGE 9
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL RECEIVER fRF = 434MHz -60 PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) MAX7032 toc19 fRF = 315MHz -60 PHASE NOISE vs. OFFSET FREQUENCY -50 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 MAX7032 toc20 PHASE NOISE vs. OFFSET FREQUENCY -50 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -120 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100 1k OFFSET FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 10M 1M OFFSET FREQUENCY (Hz) TRANSMITTER SUPPLY CURRENT vs.
PAGE 10
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Typical Application Circuit, VPAVDD = VAVDD = VDVDD = VHVIN = +3.0V, fRF = 433.92MHz, TA = +25°C, IF BW = 280kHz, data rate = 4kbps Manchester encoded, frequency deviation = ±50kHz, BER = 0.2% average RF power, unless otherwise noted.) TRANSMITTER SUPPLY CURRENT AND OUTPUT POWER vs. EXTERNAL RESISTOR 12 16 14 8 14 12 4 0 CURRENT 8 -4 6 -8 -8 4 -12 4 -16 2 10 100 10k 1k -16 0.
PAGE 11
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL TRANSMITTER TA = +125°C TA = +25°C 20 TA = +85°C 15 -60 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 2.1 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) -100 -110 2.4 2.7 3.0 100 3.6 3.3 1k 10k -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -40 REFERENCE SPUR MAGNITUDE (dBc) -60 1M 10M REFERENCE SPUR MAGNITUDE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX7032 toc35 fRF = 434MHz 100k OFFSET FREQUENCY (Hz) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) -40 PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) -90 -130 PHASE NOISE vs.
PAGE 12
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL MAX7032 Pin Description PIN 1 12 NAME PAVDD FUNCTION Power-Amplifier Supply Voltage. Bypass to GND with 0.01µF and 220pF capacitors placed as close as possible to the pin. 2 ROUT Envelope-Shaping Output. ROUT controls the power-amplifier envelope’s rise and fall times. Connect ROUT to the PA pullup inductor or optional power-adjust resistor.
PAGE 13
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL PIN NAME FUNCTION 27 HVIN 28 CS Serial Interface Active-Low Chip Select 29 DIO Serial Interface Serial Data Input/Output 30 SCLK Serial Interface Clock Input 31 XTAL1 Crystal Input 1. Bypass to GND if XTAL2 is driven by an AC-coupled external reference. 32 XTAL2 Crystal Input 2. XTAL2 can be driven from an AC-coupled external reference. — EP Exposed Pad.
PAGE 14
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL Mixer A unique feature of the MAX7032 is the integrated image rejection of the mixer. This eliminates the need for a costly front-end SAW filter for many applications. The advantage of not using a SAW filter is increased sensitivity, simplified antenna matching, less board space, and lower cost. The mixer cell is a pair of double-balanced mixers that perform an IQ downconversion of the RF input to the 10.
PAGE 15
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL b CF1 = a(100kΩ)(π)(fC ) a CF2 = 4(100kΩ)(π)(fC ) RSSI OR FSK DEMOD MAX7032 100kΩ 100kΩ DS+ MAX7032 The configuration shown in Figure 2 can create a Butterworth or Bessel response. The Butterworth filter offers a very flat amplitude response in the passband and a rolloff rate of 40dB/decade for the two-pole filter. The Bessel filter has a linear phase response, which works well for filtering digital data.
PAGE 16
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL MAX7032 MINIMUM PEAK DETECTOR MAX7032 PDMIN PEAK DET PEAK DET DATA SLICER BASEBAND FILTER PDMAX R DATA TO SLICER INPUT TRK_EN = 1 MAXIMUM PEAK DETECTOR PDMIN R PDMAX C C TRK_EN = 1 Figure 4. Generating Data Slicer Threshold Using the Peak Detectors Figure 5.
PAGE 17
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL Fractional-N PLL The MAX7032 utilizes a fully integrated fractional-N PLL for its transmit frequency synthesizer. All PLL components, including the loop filter, are included on chip. The loop bandwidth is approximately 200kHz. The 16bit fractional-N topology allows the transmit frequency to be adjusted in increments of fXTAL/4096.
PAGE 18
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL Crystal Oscillator (XTAL) The XTAL oscillator in the MAX7032 is designed to present a capacitance of approximately 3pF between the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins. In most cases, this corresponds to a 4.5pF load capacitance applied to the external crystal when typical PCB parasitics are added.
PAGE 19
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL MAX7032 Table 3. Register Summary REGISTER A[5:0] REGISTER NAME DESCRIPTION 0x00 Power configuration Enables/disables the LNA, AGC, mixer, baseband, peak detectors, PA, and RSSI output (see Table 5). 0x01 Control Controls AGC lock, gain state, peak-detector tracking, polling timer and FSK calibration, clock signal output, and sleep mode (see Table 6).
PAGE 20
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL CS SCLK DIO C1 C0 A5 A4 A3 COMMAND A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 DATA ADDRESS Figure 8.
PAGE 21
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL MAX7032 Table 4.
PAGE 22
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL Table 5.
PAGE 23
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL BIT ID MODE BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) FSK or ASK modulation FUNCTION 7 1 = Enable FSK for both receive and transmit 0 = Enable ASK for both receive and transmit T/R Transmit or receive 6 1 = Enable transmit mode of the transceiver, regardless the state of pin T/R 0 = Enable receive mode of the transceiver when pin T/R = 0 MGAIN Manual gain mode 5 1 = Enable manual-gain mode 0 = Disable manual-gain mode Dis
PAGE 24
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL Table 9.
PAGE 25
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL Dwell Time = 2K fXTAL where K is an odd integer in decimal from 9 to 23; see Table 11. To calculate the value of K, use the following equation and use the next odd integer higher than the calculated result: K ≥ 3.3 x log10 (Dwell Time x fXTAL) For Manchester Code (50% duty cycle), set the dwell time to at least twice the bit period.
PAGE 26
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL CS DIO tOFF tCPU tOFF tCPU tLOW tRF tRF tON tON ASK_DATA OR FSK_DATA Figure 10. DRX Mode Sequence of the MAX7032 Set OFPS1 to be 1 and OFPS0 to be 1. That sets the tOFF time base (1 LSB) to be 7680µs. Set REG 0x06 and REG 0x07 to be FFFF, which is 65535 in decimal. Therefore, the total tOFF is: tOFF = 7680µs x 65535 = 8min 23s During tOFF, the MAX7032 is operating with very low supply current (23.
PAGE 27
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL MAX7032 Table 15. On-Timer (tON) Configuration ONPS1 ONPS0 tON TIME BASE MIN tON REG 0x0B = 0x00 REG 0x0C = 0x01 MAX tON REG 0x0B = 0xFF REG 0x0C = 0xFF 0 0 120µs 120µs 7.86s 0 1 480µs 480µs 31.46s 1 0 1920µs 1.92ms 2min 6s 1 1 7680µs 7.
PAGE 28
Keeping the traces short also reduces parasitic inductance. Generally, 1in of PCB trace adds about 20nH of parasitic inductance. The parasitic inductance can have a dramatic effect on the effective inductance of a passive component. For example, a 0.5in trace connecting to a 100nH inductor adds an extra 10nH of inductance, or 10%. To reduce parasitic inductance, use wider traces and a solid ground or power plane below the signal traces.
PAGE 29
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL MAX7032 Table 16. Component Values for Typical Application Circuit COMPONENT VALUE FOR 433.92MHz RF VALUE FOR 315MHz RF DESCRIPTION C1 220pF 220pF 10% C2 680pF 680pF 10% C3 6.8pF 12pF 5% C4 6.8pF 10pF 5% C5 10pF 22pF 5% C6 220pF 220pF 10% C7 0.1µF 0.1µF 10% C8 100pF 100pF 5% ±0.1pF C9 1.8pF 2.
PAGE 30
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL MAX7032 Functional Diagram LNAOUT MIXIN+ MIXIN9 10 MIXOUT IFIN+ IFIN- 12 14 13 11 IF LIMITING AMPS 0° LNAIN 7 LNA FSK DEMODULATOR Σ LNASRC 8 ASK 90° I Q 20 DF RSSI 100kΩ 19 OP+ 21 RSSI DATA FILTER 18 DS+ 31 CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR XTAL2 100kΩ RX VCO RX FREQUENCY DIVIDER XTAL1 FSK PHASE DETECTOR 32 CLKOUT 25 TX FREQUENCY DIVIDER 15 PDMIN CHARGE PUMP 1/K 16 PDMAX TX VCO HVIN 27 3.
PAGE 31
Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL Chip Information DATA ENABLE T/R RSSI DF OP+ DS+ DS- PROCESS: CMOS TOP VIEW 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 25 16 PDMAX DVDD 26 15 PDMIN HVIN 27 14 IFIN+ CS 28 13 IFIN- DIO 29 12 MIXOUT SCLK 30 11 MIXIN- XTAL1 31 10 MIXIN+ XTAL2 32 9 LNAOUT 5 6 7 8 LNAIN LNASRC TX/RX1 4 AVDD 3 PAOUT 2 TX/RX2 1 ROUT + MAX7032 PAVDD CLKOUT Package Information For the latest package outli
PAGE 32
MAX7032 Low-Cost, Crystal-Based, Programmable, ASK/FSK Transceiver with Fractional-N PLL Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 5/05 Initial release — 1 6/09 Made correction in Power Amplifier (PA) section 16 2 11/10 Updated Ordering Information, Absolute Maximum Ratings, AC Electrical Characteristics, FSK Demodulator, and Calibration sections, Table 8, and Package Information DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED 1, 2, 5, 14, 23, 25, 31 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circu