DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT Product Manual May 13, 2005 Revision 1 Part Number: 000001876
May 13, 2005 Maxtor Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein – which will be incorporated in revised editions of the publication. Maxtor may make changes or improvements in the product(s) described in this publication at any time and without notice. UL/CSA/VDE/TUV/RoHS UL standard 1954 recognition granted under File No. E78016 CSA standard C22.
Maxtor reserves the right to make changes and improvements to its products, without incurring any obligation to incorporate such changes or improvements into units previously sold or shipped. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licences restricting its use, copying, distributing, and decompilation. No part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Maxtor and its licensors, if any.
Please do not remove or cover up Maxtor factory-installed drive labels. They contain information required should the drive ever need repair.Thank you for your interest in Maxtor hard disk drives. This manual provides technical information for OEM engineers and systems integrators regarding the installation and use of Maxtor hard drives. Drive repair should be performed only at an authorized repair center. For repair information, contact the Maxtor Customer Service Center at 800-2MAXTOR or 1-303-678-2015.
Table of Content Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 MAXTOR CORPORATION................................................................. 1-1 AUDIENCE ..................................................................................... 1-1 MANUAL ORGANIZATION.................................................................1-2 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS................................................. 1-2 REFERENCES ..................................................................................
Table of Contents Chapter 4 INSTALLATION 4.1 SPACE REQUIREMENTS................................................................... 4-1 4.2 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS............................................................ 4-2 4.3 HARDWARE OPTIONS ..................................................................... 4-5 4.3.1 CABLE SELECT (CS) JUMPER ....................................................4-6 4.3.2 DRIVE SELECT (DS) JUMPER ....................................................4-7 4.3.
Table of Contents Chapter 6 SERVICE AND SUPPORT 6.1 PRODUCT SUPPORT/TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE/CUSTOMER SERVICE. 6-1 Glossary................................................................................................
List of Figures Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 4-1 Mechanical Dimensions...........................................................4-1 4-2 Single-Pack Shipping Container ..............................................4-3 4-3 25-Pack Shipping Container ...................................................4-4 4-4 Jumper Locations on the Interface Connector ..........................4-5 4-5 AT Connector and Jumper Location ........................................
List of Tables Table 4-1 AT Jumper Option.........................................................................4-6 Table 4-2 J1 Power Connector, Section A..... .................................................4-12 Table 4-3 Logical Addressing Form.................................................................4-19 Table 5-1 Supported Commands.................................................................... 5-2 Table 5-2 Identfy Drive Command Parameters................................................
Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Maxtor Corporation Maxtor corporation is one of the world’s largest suppliers of hard disk drive products-products that help store the digital world for millions of users.
Introduction 1.3 MANUAL ORGANIZATION This manual is organized into the following chapters: • Chapter 1 – Introduction • Chapter 2 – Product Description • Chapter 3 – Product Specifications • Chapter 4 – Installation • Chapter 5 – ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands • Chapter 6 – Service and Support • Glossary 1.4 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS In the Glossary at the back of this manual, you can find definitions for many of the terms used in this manual.
Introduction • MB/s megabytes per second • MHz megahertz • ms milliseconds • MSB most significant bit • mV millivolts • ns nanoseconds • tpi tracks per inch • µs microseconds • V volts The typographical and naming conventions used in this manual are listed below. Conventions that are unique to a specific table appear in the notes that follow that table. Typographical Conventions: • Names of Bits: Bit names are presented in initial capitals. An example is the Host Software Reset bit.
Introduction 1.5 REFERENCE For additional information about the ATA interface, refer to the latest revision of the draft standard on the internet at http://www.t13/ using the link under “1410DAT Attachment - 6 with Packet Interface (ATA/ATAPI - 6).
Chapter 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Maxtor drive leadership continues wit the DiamondMax Plus 8 drive - the first singlehead, single platter, 7200RPM product. DiamondMax Plus 8 drives combine performance and value making a perfect choice for mainstream consumer or commercial/business desktop users. DiamondMax Plus 8 drives use the Ultra ATA/133 interface, the fastest desktop interface with maximum data transfer rates of 133MB/second.
General Description 2.2 KEY FEATURES The DiamondMax Plus 8 20/30/40GB AT hard disk drives include the following key features: General • Formatted storage capacity of 20.0, 30.0 and 40.0 GB • Low profile, 17 mm high • 7200 RPM spin speed • Industry standard 3 1/2-inch form factor • Emulation of IBM® PC AT® task file register, and all AT fixed disk commands • Windows NT and 9X Certification Performance • 10.0 ms seek time • Average rotational latency of 4.
General Description Versatility • Power saving modes • Downloadable firmware • Cable select feature • Ability to daisy-chain two drives on the interface 2.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE STANDARDS Maxtor Corporation’s disk drive products meet all domestic and international product safety regulatory compliance requirements. Maxtor’s disk drive products conform to the following specifically marked Product Safety Standards: • Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Standard 1950.
Chapter 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS 3.1 Models and Capacities MODELS NUMBERS Non-RoHS Compliant RoHS Compliant* Formatted Capacity (GB LBA Mode) 6E020L0 6E030L0 - - 6E040L0 6K040L0* 20GB 30GB 40GB GB means 1 billion bytes. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. * Complies with European Union Directive on Restriction of Hazardous Substances (Section 3.13) 3.
Product Specifications MODELS 20GB 30GB Flux Density (kfci, ID/OD) OD=352/496/583 ID = 465/639/743 Recording Density (kbpi, ID/OD) ID = 446/613/713 OD = 338/476/560 Track Density (ktpi) 3-2 Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT 75.9/75.9/88.
Product Specifications 3.3 Performance Specifications MODELS 20GB 30GB 40GB Seek Times (typical read, ms) Track-to-Track 0.8 Average (normal seek) ≤10.0 Full Stroke (normal seek) ≤18.0 Average Latency (ms) 4.17 Controller Overhead (ms) <0.3 Rotation Speed (RPM ±0.1%) 7200 Data Transfer Speed (MByte/sec max) To/From Interface (Maxtor Ultra ATA/133, up to) 133 To/From Media (ID/OD up to nn.n, where nn.
Product Specifications 3.5 Power Requirements MODE 12V (MA) 5V (MA) POWER (W) 1554.20 756.04 22.43 Seek 440.42 562.13 8.10 Read/Write 489.99 442.42 8.09 Idle 380.57 396.41 7.27 Standby 34.35 65.83 0.75 Sleep 34.25 65.77 0.75 Spin-up (peak) 3.6 Power Mode Definitions Spin-up The drive is spinning up following initial application of power and has not yet reached full speed. Seek A random access operation by the drive. Read/Write Data is being read from or written to the drive.
Product Specifications 3.8 Environmental Limits PARAMETER NON-OPERATING/ STORAGE OPERATING 5° C to 55° C (with no ARR impact) 0° C to 60° C (margin demonstrated1) Temperature low temperature (40° C) high temperature (71° C) per MILSTD-810E, method 501.3, climatic category; hot-induced conditions.
Product Specifications 3.9 Shock and Vibration PARAMETER OPERATING NON-OPERATING Mechanical Shock R=0.988/shock at 60 Gs; R= 0.999/shock at 30 Gs 1 msec, 1/2 sine R=0.90@>= 300G 1 disk R=0.95@>= 250G, 1 disk R=0.99@>= 200G, 1 disk Rotational Shock R=0.988 @ 2000 rad/sec2 R=0.95 @ 20K rad/sec2, 0.5ms to 1ms input R=0.99 @ 15K rad/sec2, 1.5ms to 2ms input Rotational Random Vibration 5 - 2000 Hz 4.50 rad/sec2 RMS Overall 2 - 300 Hz 96.5 rad/sec2 RMS Random Vibration 5 - 2000 Hz 1.
Product Specifications 3.10 Reliability Specifications Annualized Return Rate <1.0% Annualized Return Rate (ARR) indicates the average against products shipped. ARR includes all reasons for returns (failures, handling, damage, NDF) but does not include inventory credit returns. Load/Unload Cycles 100,000 This indicates the average minimum cycles for reliable load/ unload function. Data Reliability <1 per 10e15 bits read Data errors (non-recoverable).
Product Specifications Le present appareil numerique n'emet pas de bruit radioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class B prescrites dans le reglement sur le brouillage radioelectrique edicte pa le ministere des communications du Canada. 3.12 Safety Regulatory Compliance All Maxtor hard drives comply with relevant product safety standards such as CE, CUL, TUV and UL rules and regulations.
Product Specifications Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT 3-9
Chapter 4 INSTALLATION This chapter explains how to unpack, configure, mount, and connect the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT hard disk drive prior to operation. It also explains how to start up and operate the drive. 4.1 SPACE REQUIREMENTS The Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 hard disk drives are shipped without a faceplate. Figure 4-1 shows the external dimensions of the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT drives. 17.5 mm 146.1 mm (max) Figure 4-1 101.6 mm (4.
Installation 4.2 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS CAUTION: The maximum limits for physical shock can be exceeded if the drive is not handled properly. Special care should be taken not to bump or drop the drive. It is highly recommended that Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 drives are not stacked or placed on any hard surface after they are unpacked. Such handling could cause media damage. 1. Open the shipping container and remove the packing assembly that contains the drive. 2. Remove the drive from the packing assembly.
Installation Figure 4-2 shows the packing assembly for a single Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 hard disk drive. A 20 and 25-pack shipping container is available for multiple drive shipments.
Installation Figure 4-3 25-Pack Shipping Container 4.3 HARDWARE OPTIONS The configuration of a Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT hard disk drive depends on the host system in which it is to be installed. This section describes the hardware options that you must take into account prior to installation.
Installation DS CS PK AT Interface Connector Back of Drive DS CS PK AC Cable Default Jumper Select Setting Setting (This is identical for both drive 0 and drive 1) DS CS PK AC Master Setting DS CS PK AC Slave Setting Jumper in Park Position DS CS PK AC DS with CS for Slaves not supporting DASP Figure 4-4 Jumper Locations on the Interface Connector The configuration of the following Three jumpers controls the drive’s five modes of operation: • CS – Cable Select • DS – Drive Select • PK– Jumper Park
Installation Table 4-1 AT Jumper Options CS DS PK PIN 28 DESCRIPTION 0 0 X X Drive is configured as a slave 1 0 X Gnd Drive is configured as Master (Device 0) when attached to the end of a 80 conductor Ultra ATA cable 0 1 X X Drive is configured as a Master 1 0 X Open Drive is configured as a Slave (Device 1) when attached to the middle of a 80 conductor Ultra ATA cable 1 1 X X Drive is configured as a Master with an attached slave that does not support DASP Note: In Table 4-1
Installation the CS position may be stored on the PK jumper pins. 4.3.2 Drive Select (DS) Jumper You can also daisy-chain two drives on the ATA bus interface by using their Drive Select (DS) jumpers. To use the DS feature, the CS jumper must not be installed. To configure a drive as the Master (Device 0), a jumper must be installed on the DS pins. Note: The order in which drives are connected in a daisy chain has no significance. 4.3.
Installation 4.3.5 Alternate Capacity (AC) For user capacities below 66,055,248 sectors (32GB), inserting the AC jumper limits the Number of Cylinders field 1 to a value of 16,383, as reported in IDENTIFY DEVICE data word. This allows software drivers to determine that the actual capacity is larger than indicated by the maximum CHS, requiring LBA addressing to use the full capacity.
Installation CAUTION: The PCB is very close to the mounting holes. Do not exceed the specified penetration for the mounting screws. The specified screw penetration allows full use of the mounting hole threads, while avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress on the PCB. Figure 4-7 specifies the minimum clearance between the PCB and the screws in the mounting holes. The Maxtor hard drive design allows greater shock tolerance than that afforded by larger, heavier drives.
Installation 4.4.1 Orientation The mounting holes on the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT hard disk drives allow the drive to be mounted in any orientation. Figure 4-6 show the location of the three mounting holes on each side of the drive. The drive can also be mounted using the four mounting hole locations on the PCB side of the drive. Note: It is highly recommended that the drive is hard mounted on to the chassis of the system being used for general operation, as well as for test purposes.
Installation 4.4.2 Ventilation The Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT hard disk drives operate without a cooling fan, provided the ambient air temperature does not exceed 131×F (55×C) at any point along the drive form factor envelope. 4.5 COMBINATION CONNECTOR (J1) J1 is a three-in-one combination connector. The drive’s DC power can be applied to section A. The ATA bus interface (40-pin) uses section C.
Installation 4.5.1 DC Power (J1, Section A) The recommended mating connectors for the +5 VDC and +12 VDC input power are listed in Table 4-2.
Installation connector on the motherboard. To connect the drive to the motherboard, use a 40 conductor ribbon cable (80 conductor ribbon cable if using Ultra ATA/66/100 or /133 drive) 18 inches in length or shorter. Ensure that pin 1 of the drive is connected to pin 1 of the motherboard connector. 4.
Installation 4.7.1.1 Connecting the Adapter Board and the Drive Use a 40-pin ribbon cable to connect the drive to the board. See Figure 4-8. To connect the drive to the board: 1. Insert the 40-pin cable connector into the mating connector of the adapter board. Make sure that pin 1 of the connector matches with pin 1 on the cable. 2. Insert the other end of the cable into the header on the drive.
Installation Mounting Screws ATA-Bus Interface Cable Mounting Bracket Figure 4-10 Completing the Drive Installation 4.8 TECHNIQUES IN DRIVE CONFIGURATION 4.8.1 The 528-Megabytes Barrier Older BIOS that only support Int 13 commands for accessing ATA drives through DOS based operating systems will be limited to use only 1024 cylinders. This will reduce the effective capacity of the drive to 528Mbytes.
Installation • Use a third party software program that translates the hard drive parameters to an acceptable configuration for MS-DOS. • Use a hard disk controller that translates the hard drive parameters to an appropriate setup for both MS-DOS and the computer system’s ROM-BIOS. • Insert the Alternate Capacity (AC) jumper on the drive (see Section 4.3.5). 4.8.2 The 8.
Installation 4.9 SYSTEM STARTUP AND OPERATION Once you have installed the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 20/30/40GB AT hard disk drive, and adapter board (if required) in the host system, you are ready to partition and format the drive for operation. To set up the drive correctly, follow these steps: 1. Power on the system. 2. Run the SETUP program. This is generally on a Diagnostics or Utilities disk, or within the system’s BIOS. Some system BIOS have an auto-detecting feature making SETUP unnecessary. 3.
Installation specifies the number of cylinders, heads, and sectors for a particular drive type. You must choose a drive type that meets the following requirements: For the 20, 30 and 40 GB: Logical Cylinders x Logical Heads x Logical Sectors/Track x 512 = 8,455,200,768 4. Boot the system using the operating system installation disk— for example, MS-DOS—then follow the installation instructions in the operating system manual.
Chapter 5 ATA BUS INTERFACE AND ATA COMMANDS This chapter describes the interface between DiamondMax Plus8 hard disk drives and the ATA bus. The commands that are issued from the host to control the drive are listed, as well as the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the interface. 5.1 INTRODUCTION Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 hard disk drives use the standard ATA/ATAPI interface. Support of various options in the standard are explained in the following sections. 5.2 MECHANICAL INTERFACE 5.2.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands consumption for the overall system. 5.4 REGISTER ADDRESS DECODING The Maxtor DiamondMax Plus8 hard disk drives allow their host systems to address the full set of command and control registers as specified in clause 7 of the ATA/ ATAPI-6 standard. 5.5 COMMAND INTERFACE 5.5.1 General Feature Set The µProcessor, Disk Controller, and ATA Interface electronics are contained in a proprietary ASIC developed by Maxtor. 5.5.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Command Code Feature Register Value(s) NOP 00h READ BUFFER E4h READ DMA C8h, C9h READ LONG 22h, 23h READ MULTIPLE C4h READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS F8h READ SECTOR(S) 20h, 21h READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) 40h, 41h SECURITY DISABLE PASSWORD F6h SECURITY ERASE PREPARE F3h SECURITY ERASE UNIT F4h SECURITY FREEZE LOCK F5H SECURITY SET PASSWORD F1h SECURITY UNLOCK F2h SEEK 70h SET FEATURES EFh Note 1 SET MAX ADDRESS
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Command Code Feature Register Value(s) SMART ENABLE/DISABLE ATTRIBUTE AUTOSAVE B0h D2h SMART EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE B0h D4h SMART READ DATA B0h D0h SMART READ LOG B0h D5h SMART RETURN STATUS B0h DAh SMART SAVE ATTRIBUTE VALUES B0h D3h SMART WRITE LOG B0h D6h STANDBY 96h, E2h STANDBY IMMEDIATE 94h, E0h WRITE BUFFER E8h WRITE DMA CAh, CBh WRITE MULTIPLE C5h WRITE PIO OVERLAP 34h WRITE SECTOR(S) 30
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Identify Drive Command This command allows the host to receive parameter information from the drive. When the command is received, the drive: 1. Sets BSY 2. Stores the required parameter information in the sector buffer 3. Sets the DRQ bit 4. Generates an interrupt The host may then read the information out of the sector buffer. Parameter words in the buffer are shown in Table 5-2. Note: All reserved bits or words should be zeroes.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 20-21 22 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Retired Obsolete 23-26 Firmware revision (8 ASCII characters) 27-46 Model number (40 ASCII characters) 47 15-8: 80h 7-0: 00h = Reserved 01h-FFh: = Maximum number of sectors that shall be transferred per interrupt on READ/WRITE MULTIPLE commands 48 Reserved 49 Capabilities 15-14: Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 53 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 15-3: Reserved 2: 1 = the fields reported in word 88 are valid. 0 = the fields reported in word 88 are not valid 1: 1 = the fields reported in words (70:64) are valid.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 67 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Minimum PIO transfer cycle time without flow control 15-0: 68 Cycle time in nanoseconds Minimum PIO transfer cycle time with IORDY flow control 15-0: Cycle time in nanoseconds 69-70 Reserved (for future command overlap and queuing) 71-74 Reserved for IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 81 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Minor version number 0000h or FFFFh = device does not report version. 0001h-FFFEh = see 6.16.41 of ATA/ATAPI-7 specification 82 Command set supported.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 83 84 85 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 7: See Address Offset Reserved Area Boot, INCITS TR27:2001 6: 1 = SET FEATURES subcommand required to spinup after power-up 5: 1 = Power-Up In Standby feature set supported 4: 1 = Removable Media Status Notification feature set supported 3: 1 = Advanced Power Management feature set supported 2: 1 = CFA feature set supported 1: 1 = READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED supported 0: 1 = DOWNLOAD
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 85 86 87 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 7: 1 = release interrupt enabled 6: 1 = look-ahead enabled 5: 1 = write cache enabled 4: Shall be cleared to zero to indicate that the PACKET Command feature set is not supported. 3: 1 = Power Management feature set enabled 2: 1 = Removable Media feature set enabled 1: 1 = Security Mode feature set enabled 0: 1 = SMART feature set enabled Command set/feature enabled.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 87 88 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 6: 1 = WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT commands supported 5: General Purpose Logging feature set supported 4: 1 = Valid CONFIGURE STREAM command has been executed 3: 1 = Media Card Pass Through Command feature set enabled 2: 1 = Media serial number is valid 1: 1 = SMART self-test supported 0: 1 = SMART error logging supported 15: Reserved 14: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 6 is
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 93 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Hardware reset result. The contents of bits (12:0) of this word shall change only during the execution of a hardware reset 15: Shall be cleared to zero. 14: Shall be set to one. 13: 1 = device detected CBLID- above ViH. 0 = device detected CBLID- below ViL 12-8: Device 1 hardware reset result. Device 0 shall clear these bits to zero. Device shall set these bits as follows: 12: Reserved.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 94 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 15-8: Vendor’s recommended acoustic management value. 7-0: Current automatic acoustic management value 95 Stream Minimum Request Size 96 Stream Transfer Time - DMA 97 Stream Access Latency - DMA 98-99 100-103 Streaming Performance Granularity Maximum user LBA for 48-bit Address feature set.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 128 129-159 160 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Security status 15-9: Reserved 8: Security level 0 = High, 1 = Maximum 7-6: Reserved 5: 1 = Enhanced security erase supported 4: 1 = Security count expired 3: 1 = Security frozen 2: 1 = Security locked 1: 1 = Security enabled 0: 1 = Security supported Vendor specific CFA power mode 1 15: Word 160 supported 14: Reserved 13: CFA power mode 1 is required for one or m
Chapter 6 SERVICE AND SUPPORT 6.1 Product Support/Technical Assistance/Customer Service For Product Service and Support Information please visit our site at: www.maxtor.com for warranty service or www.maxtorkb.com for technical support. .
GLOSSARY A ACCESS – (v) Read, write, or update information on some storage medium, such as a disk. (n) One of these operations. ACCESS TIME – The interval between the time a request for data is made by the system and the time the data is available from the drive. Access time includes the actual seek time, rotational latency, and command processing overhead time. See also seek, rotational latency, and overhead. ACTUATOR – Also known as the positioner.
Glossary decimal digit, which may have a value from 0 to 9. A bit is one of the logic 1or logic 0 binary settings that make up a byte of data. See also byte. controlled dust-free assembly or repair facility in which hard disk drives are assembled or can be opened for internal servicing. BLOCK – A sector or group of sectors. By default, a block of data consists of 512 bytes. CLUSTER – A group of sectors on a disk drive that is addressed as one logical unit by the operating system.
Glossary term data integrity. Defect management eliminates the need for user defect maps. This is accomplished by scanning the disk drives at the factory for defective sectors. Defective sectors are deallocated prior to shipment. In addition, during regular use, the drive continues to scan and compensate for any new defective sectors on the disk. DISK – In general, any circular-shaped data-storage medium that stores data on the flat surface of the platter.
Glossary changes per inch (FCI), with typical values in the thousands. FLYING HEIGHT – The distance between the read/write head and the disk surface caused by a cushion of air that keeps the head from contacting the media. Smaller flying heights permit more dense storage of data, but require more precise mechanical designs. FORMAT – To write onto the disk surface a magnetic track pattern that specifies the locations of the tracks and sectors.
Glossary of the disk controller and disk drive, that manages the exchange of data between the drive and computer. touching the surface in data areas upon power down, adding to the data integrity and reliability of the disk drive. INTERLEAVE – The arrangement of sectors on a track. A 1:1 interleave arranges the sectors so that the next sector arrives at the read/write heads just as the computer is ready to access it. See also interleave factor.
Glossary M MB – See megabyte. MEDIA – The magnetic film that is deposited or coated on an aluminum substrate which is very flat and in the shape of a disk. The media is overcoated with a lubricant to prevent damage to the heads or media during head take off and landing. The media is where the data is stored inside the disk in the form of magnetic flux or polarity changes. MEGABYTE (MB) – A unit of measurement equal to 1,024 kilobytes, or 1,048,576 bytes except when referring to disk storage capacity.
Glossary covered with a hard metal alloy instead of an iron-oxide compound. Plated disks can store greater amounts of data in the same area as a coated disk. PLATTER – An disk made of metal (or other rigid material) that is mounted inside a fixed disk drive. Most drives use more than one platter mounted on a single spindle (shaft) to provide more data storage surfaces in a small package. The platter is coated with a magnetic material that is used to store data as transitions of magnetic polarity.
Glossary S SCSI – Acronym for Small Computer System Interface, an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) version of Shugart Associates' SASI interface between the computer and controller. SCSI has grown in popularity and is one of the most flexible and intelligent interfaces available. SECTOR – A section of space along a track on the disk, or the data that is stored in that section. Hard disks most often have sectors that are 512 data bytes long plus several bytes overhead for error correcting codes.
Glossary TRACK DENSITY – How closely the tracks are packed on a disk surface. The number is specified as tracks per inch (TPI). TRACK TO TRACK SEEK TIME – The time required for the read/write heads to move to an adjacent track. TRANSFER RATE – The rate at which the disk sends and receives data from the controller. Drive specifications usually reference a high number that is the burst mode rate for transferring data across the interface from the disk buffer to system RAM.
INDEX A M abbreviations 1-1 adapter board 2-3, 4-13 maximum screw torque 4-9 mechanical dimensions 4-1 motherboard 4-14 mounting 4-10 mounting dimensions 4-10 mounting holes 4-10 mounting screw clearance 4-9 MS-DOS 4-18 C cable select 4-6 cable select (CS) jumper 4-6 clearance 4-10 command descriptions 5-2 connector, IDE 4-11 D daisy-chain 2-2 daisy-chained 4-6 drive select (DS) jumper 4-7 P packing assembly 4-3 packing materials 4-2 power and AT bus connector 4-11 power and bus interface cables 4-14 p
