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EX RT 5/7/11 Systems Installation and User Manual Revision History EX RT 5/7/11 Systems Installation and User Manual, 86-86000-00 Revision: A01 ECN#: 003984 07/2004 A02 A03 B00 B01 ECN#: ECN#: ECN#: ECN#: 11/2004 05/2005 03/2006 10/2006 004086 004284 004379 005020 Copyright © 2008 EATON All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. For Technical Support, Customer Care Center, or Customer FAQ, please visit our website: www.eaton.
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Contents Important Safety Instructions............................................................................................. 8 Symbol Usage.................................................................................................................. 11 1. Introduction 1.0 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 13 1.1 System Electrical Characteristics ....................................................
3. Operation 3.0... Scope ..................................................................................................................................... 45 3.1 Initial Startup............................................................................................................................ 45 3.2 UPS Personalization................................................................................................................. 46 3.2.1 Accessing Personalization With Front Panel Buttons......
Figures Figure Description................................................................................................................ Page 1-1: 1-2: 1-3: 1-4: 1-5: 1-6: 1-7: 1-8: 1-9: 1-10: 1-11: 1-12: 2-1: 2-2: 2-3: 2-4: 2-5: 2-6: 2-7: 2-8: 2-9: 2-10: 2-10a: 2-10b: 2-11: 2-12: 2-13: 2-14: 2-15: 2-16: 2-17: 3-1: 3-2: 3-3: 3-4: 3-5: 3-6: 3-7: Tower Configuration with Power Module, Battery Module, and Optional Transformer Module............................................................................
4-1: 4-2: 4-3: 5-1: Disconnecting the Power Module................................................................................ 57 Reconnect the Power Module...................................................................................... 58 Rear view of the Battery Module.................................................................................. 59 Power Supplied as a Function of Input Voltage (Left), and Permissible UPS Overloads as a Function of Time (Right)...............................
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IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS. This manual contains important instructions that should be followed during installation and maintenance of the UPS and batteries. The EX RT 5/7/11 models that are covered in this manual are intended for installation in an environment within 0 to 40°C, free of conductive contaminant. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
CAUTION: Safety of persons zz The system has its own power source (the battery). Consequently, the power outlets may be energized even if the systems is disconnected from the AC power source. zz Dangerous voltage levels are present within the system. It should be opened exclusively by qualified service personnel. zz The system must be properly grounded. zz The battery supplied with the system contains small amounts of toxic materials.
CAUTION: Record All Serial Numbers! RECORD ALL SERIAL NUMBERS FOR EX RT 5/7/11 AND ACCESSORIES. THESE SERIAL NUMBERS WILL BE REQUIRED IF YOUR SYSTEM NEEDS SERVICE.
Symbol Usage This manual uses the following icon symbols with text to convey important information and tips. WARNING Indicates information provided to protect the user and service personnel against safety hazards and/or possible equipment damage. CAUTION Indicates information provided to protect the user and service personnel against possible equipment damage. IMPORTANT Indicates information provided as an operating instruction, or as an operating tip.
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1. Introduction Thank you for selecting an EATON product to protect your electrical equipment. The product you selected is a part of the EX RT series. The EX RT series is a family of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) designed to provide safe, and reliable AC power back-up for sensitive electrical equipment. To discover the entire range of EATON products, we invite you to visit our website at www.eaton.com. 1.
1. Introduction Table 1-2: Optional Accessories (See Section 1.
1. Introduction 1.1 System Electrical Characteristics Table 1-3: UPS Characteristics System Ratings. UPS Characteristics MAIN 1 (Normal AC Source) default Input Voltage (VAC) Power Rating Input Current (A) Min 5 kVA 7 kVA 208 11 kVA Max Online Bypass Input Breaker (A) 18 32 21.6 19 40 25 45 30.3 26.65 50 38 64 44 42 70 Output Voltage (VAC) Output Current (A) Inrush Current 19.25 208 23.5 200A/1 ms 47.5 Table 1-4: Transformer Module Characteristics Ratings.
1. Introduction Table 1-5: Battery Module Ratings. 1.2 Part Number 86207 86209 Battery Type 12 VDC/7 Ah 12 VDC/9 Ah Battery Output Voltage 240 VDC 240 VDC Standard Configuration The EX RT 5/7/11 systems can be set up in tower or rack configurations. 1.2.1 Tower Configuration Figure 1-1: Tower Configuration with Power Module, Battery Module, and optional Transformer Module.
1. Introduction 1.2.2 Rack Configuration Figure 1-2: Rack Configuration with Power Module, Battery Module, and optional Transformer Module. Configuration with Transformer Standard Configuration POWER MODULE (EX RT 5/7/11) sformer EX RT Tran EX 11 RT ON TRANSFORMER MODULE POWER MODULE (EX RT 5/7/11) OFF EXB RT BATTERY MODULE (EX RT EXB 5/7/11) BATTERY MODULE (EX RT EXB 5/7/11) Table 1-6:System Dimensions and Weights. Model Dimensions (HxWxD) Weights EX RT 5/7 Power Module (3U) 5.16” x 17.
1. Introduction 1.3 Rear Panel Components 1.3.1 Power Module EX RT 5/7/11 Figure 1-3: Rear panel of the Power Module. 3 1 Slot for optional communication cards. 4 1 2 Dry (relay) contacts Communication Port. 5 2 3 Remote Emergency Power Off (REPO function. (See Section 2.6.) 4 Connector for automatic detection of Battery Module(s). 5 RS232 communication port. 6 Battery/CLA Module power connector. 6 7 9 7 Manual Bypass switch. 8 Normal AC source circuit breaker.
1. Introduction 1.3.3 EX RT Transformer Module Figure 1-5: Rear Panel of the optional Transformer Module (PN 86211/86311) Load 3: 1 NEMA L6-30R, 208 Vac Load 4: 4 NEMA 5-15/20R, 120 Vac Load 2: 4 NEMA 5-15/20R, 120 Vac Load 3 Circuit Breaker Load 4 Circuit Breaker Load 2 Circuit Breaker AC Input Main Output Circuit Breaker Transformer I/O Box AC Output Load 1 Circuit Breaker Load 1: 1 NEMA L6-30R, 208 Vac Transformer Protect Breaker 1.
1. Introduction 1.5 Optional Accessories Optional Accessories describes the options available for upgrades and enhancement of the EX RT 5/7/11 systems. Detailed installation of the unit is described in following sections. To ensure a successful installation, all procedures should be followed in their correct sequence. Note that any unauthorized installation may cause damage to the UPS(s) and void the EATON warranty. 1.5.
1. Introduction 1.5.3 Multiple Battery Module Back-up Time at Full Load Standard EX RT 5/7/11 systems (one Power Module and one Battery Module), offers a standard back-up time of 5 to 12 minutes at full load. To increase back-up time, it is possible to connect up to 5 additional Battery Modules to the standard system. See Section 2.8 for connections between standard system and Battery Module (EX RT EXB 5/7/11) Figure 1-9: Typical back-up time with multiple EXB’s at full load.
1. Introduction 1.5.5 Battery Integration Kit with Casters (Part number 86005) Battery Integration Kit is a cart, designed to hold up to 8 modules. It has swivel wheels with brakes, leveling feet, seismic floor mount panels, plates to lock modules and hardware included. Modules not included. Figure 1-10: Typical Battery Integration kit with casters setup. TRANSFORMER MODULE (optional) POWER MODULE BATTERY MODULES (up to 6) (Modules Not Included In Kit) 1.5.
1. Introduction 1.5.7 Transformer Module - For use with EX RT 5/7/11 Power Module This module provides isolated 120/208/240 VAC outputs. Figure 1-11: Typical Transformer Module Contents and Connections. EX RT Transformer Module Box Contents EX RT Transformer Warranty and Quick Start Manual Product Registration Tower Stand Extenders www.eaton.
1. Introduction 1.5.8 CLA Charger Module Extended back-up time (up to 8 hours at full load) requires a high power battery cabinet connected to the EX RT 5/7/11 via the CLA Module. IMPORTANT The CLA can not be used to charge the Battery Module (EXB). It is designed to charge the customer provided high power battery cabinet. Figure 1-12: CLA Module Contents and Connections. CLA Module Contents Tower Stand Expanders CLA Rail Kit CLA Module Quick Start Battery Power Cable 41 www.eaton.
2. Setup and Installation 2.0 Scope Setup and Installation guides the user through tools and equipment required for connecting the EX RT 5/7/11, and battery installation or replacement. Included are assembly instructions, power cable connections with wire diagrams for configuring the product to hardware specifications. 2.
2. Setup and Installation 2.2 Contents of Standard EX RT 5/7/11 Systems Contents of EX RT 5/7/11 Power Module (PN 86215 / 86216 / 86217): 30 EX RT 5/7/11 Power Module. 31 Two sets of tower stands. 32 RS232 communication cable. 33 Product documentation. 34 Input/Output Box. (PN 86009 for EX RT 5/7; 86010 for EX RT 11) 35 Solution-Pac 2 CD. 36 Power Module Rail Kit, PN 86001. IMPORTANT Packaging must be destroyed according to waste management standards. Recycling icons are displayed for easy selection.
2. Setup and Installation Contents of EX RT EXB 5/7/11 Battery Module: (PN 86207 /86209) 29 Stabilizer Bracket and hardware. 38 EX RT EXB 5/7/11. 39 Tower stand expanders. 40 Battery Power cable. 41 Battery/EX RT Transformer/CLA Module rail kit, PN 86002. 42 Battery detection cable. 43 EXB Documentation. 44 Bezel hex drive. Figure 2-2: Contents of EX RT EXB 5/7/11 Battery Module. 39 38 EXB 40 42 RT 29 41 43 44 (not to scale) - EX RT EXB 5 Battery Module Part number: 86207.
2. Setup and Installation 2.3 Installation in Tower Configuration Follow the numerical sequence to assemble tower stands and tower stand expanders, shown in Figure 2-3. Figure 2-3: Tower Configuration of Standard Tower Configuration with Standard System 5 E XB 11 EX RT Battery Module RT ON OFF Power Module 3 4 3 4 4 4 2 1 2 1 Tower Configuration with Optional Transformer Module 5 Use the same procedure for tower mounting multiple battery modules, if applicable.
2. Setup and Installation 2.4 Installation in Rack Mounting Configuration 2.4.1 Adjustment of Front Panel Logo and Control Panel for Rack Orientation. NOTE If system includes the Transformer Module, we recommend to mount the Battery Module on the bottom, then mount the Power Module above the Battery Module and mount the Transformer Module on top for optimum stability. To prepare the front panel logo and LCD display for rack orientation, of all modules. (including Transformer or CLA Module, if equipped).
2. Setup and Installation 2.4.2 Prepare Battery Module for Rack Mounting IMPORTANT This step requires two people. The Battery Module is very heavy (151 lbs.). To ease its rack mounting, you can remove the battery pack from the Battery Module, as explained below. Proceed as follows: 1. Unscrew the six screws securing front panel using Bezel hex driver 44 . 2. Unscrew the brackets securing the battery connectors. 3. Disconnect Battery plugs. 4. Unscrew the brackets securing the battery pack.
2. Setup and Installation 2.4.3 Power, Battery, Transformer, and CLA Charger Module Rack Mounting The following steps apply to all modules. For simplicity, only Power Module is shown. Proceed as follows: 1. Attach both front mounting ear brackets 24 to module with supplied screws. (For this step, it is possible to adjust the position of both front mounting brackets.) 2. Attach rear support brackets 25 to module. These brackets prevent the module from sliding out of the rack. 3.
2. Setup and Installation NOTE This step is unique to the Power Module. It involves the installation of the I/O Box Bracket System. The I/O Box bracket system keeps the I/O Box stationary while hot swapping the Power Module. It will then be easier to slide the replacement module into the connectors of the I/O Box. Secure small brackets to larger bracket from the underside 27 . 1&2. 3. Secure small attached brackets to the I/O Box with four screws. 4.
2. Setup and Installation 2.5 Communication Ports EX RT 5/7/11 Power Module provides 3 communication method’s that can be used simultaneously: zz A female DB9 5 provides RS232 communications using EATON Serial HID UPS Transfer (SHUT) protocol. This COM Port is compatible with Solution Pac 2 to perform graceful shutdown. zz The Dry Contact Port 2 is used for basic signaling or for protection of IT systems like IBM iSeries (formerly AS400) and more.
2. Setup and Installation 2.5.2 Connecting the Dry (Relay) Contact Communication Port 2 The system status is indicated by the connection of common pin (Pin 5) to the appropriate pins. Refer to the pin explanations below for details. Figure 2-9: Relay Pin Connections for Communication Port. 5 4 3 9 NC NO 8 NO 2 7 1 6 NO NO common Pin 1, 2: not used. Pin 3: Remote Power Off signal (5 to 27 VDC, 10 mA max). Pin 4: Operation on mains (not on battery) (48 VDC, 2A max.) Pin 5: User common.
2. Setup and Installation A wide range of optional cards will allow your UPS to talk to nearly all equipment management systems, making integration faster and easier. All these cards can plug directly into the UPS, saving time and money on your next UPS project (Meta UPS Card and U-Talk/Basic Acquisition Cards are used exclusively with Multi-slot). Dual U-Talk/Basic Card (PN: 66060) CAN NOT BE USED WITH THIS UPS.
2. Setup and Installation 2.6 Remote Emergency Power Off (REPO) Communication Port 3 The end user is responsible for the installation of a Remote Emergency Power Off function. Installation must be carried out in compliance with local code regulations. To shutdown the entire system completely in case of emergency: zz Disconnect the AC input to the Power Module by opening up the upstream circuit breaker connecting the utility power to the Power Module.
2. Setup and Installation 2.7 System Connections WARNING 2.7.1 This type of connections must be carried out by qualified electrical personnel. Before carrying out any connections, check that battery circuit breaker 14 is OFF and that the upstream protection devices (Normal and Bypass AC sources) are open (OFF/OPEN). Connections with Common Normal and Bypass AC Sources (Single Mains) Figure 2-11: Power Module I/O Box Terminal Block Diagram.
2. Setup and Installation Proceed as follows: 1. For normal AC input, make connections to L1, L2, and terminals only. No connections are required for Bypass AC input. Make connections to , L5, L6 terminals for output. CAUTION Always connect the earth ground wire first. Jumper must be between L1 and L3. System is factory configured for 208 VAC output. 2. Attach I/O Box to the Power Module with three screws. Figure 2-12: Normal AC Input and Output Cables Installation.
2. Setup and Installation 2.7.2 Connecting EX RT Transformer Module Part number 86211/86311 This module is to provide isolated 120/208/240 VAC outputs to the protected loads. Figure 2-13: View of EX RT Transformer Module connected downstream for 120/208/240 Vac outputs (shown with one EXB).
2. Setup and Installation 2.7.3 Connections with Separate Normal and Bypass AC Sources (2 Mains) CAUTION This connection requires isolation Transformer Module. Please visit our web site www.eaton.com or call (800) 356-5794. Figure 2-14: Normal AC and Bypass AC inputs, Output Cables Installation, and Simplified Connection Diagram. Proceed as follows: 1 OFF O L1 L3 1. Remove the cover plate under the I/O Box. Loosen the terminal blocks L1 and L3, and remove the jumper.
2. Setup and Installation 2.7.4 System Connections as Frequency Converter (without Bypass AC source) Figure 2-15: Accessing Terminal Blocks for Input and Output Power Cables. CAUTION Always connect the earth ground wire first. OFF O 1. Remove the cover plate under the I/O Box. Remove the jumper connecting L3 and L1. CAUTION 1 Removing the jumper will disable the Bypass AC source. Do not connect anything to the Bypass AC terminal block. 2. Refer to Section 2.7.
2. Setup and Installation 2.8 Connection of Battery Module EXB 1. Check that the battery circuit breaker (5) 14 is OFF (“0”) position. 2. Connect the battery power cable 40 to the connectors 6 and 13 of the Power and Battery Modules. 3. Connect the battery detection cable 42 between connectors 4 and 12 of the Power and Battery Modules. Figure 2-16: Rear view of Battery Module cable connections.
2. Setup and Installation 2.9 Connection of Optional CLA Module 1. Connect the battery power cable 40 and battery detection cable 42 (provided with the CLA Module) between the Power Module and the CLA Module. 2. Connect the DC Input of the CLA Module to high power battery cabinet. zz DC Input Cable cross-section (not provided): maximum 4 AWG solid or stranded wire. 3. Connect the utility AC input to terminal blocks L1 and L2 of the CLA.
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3. Operation 3.0 Scope Operation describes EX RT 5/7/11 systems characteristics of indicators and controls, modes and specifications and theory of operating the EX RT 5/7/11. The user procedures include performing software programming that will maintain smooth performance. Refer to Figure 1.6 for descriptions of circled numbers. 3.1 Initial Startup NOTE Both AC and DC sources must be present for normal startup of EX RT 5/7/11 systems.
3. Operation 3.2 UPS Personalization 3.2.1 WARNING Before changing items from Tables, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4, the UPS system must be turned OFF. IMPORTANT If specific settings are required, it is recommended to enter the UPS personalization mode at this stage. It is possible to enter this mode through the front panel buttons or the Solution-Pac 2 software for Windows included in the EATON Solution-Pac 2 CD-ROM.
3. Operation Table 3-1: Local Settings. Display Factory setting Options Language English French, Spanish, German, Italian Date/time format International US Date/time change (DD-MM-YYYY/HH:MM) MM-DD-YYYY/HH:MM adjustable Audible alarm Quick beeps Slow beeps Table 3-2: Output Features.
3. Operation Table 3-3: ON/OFF Features. Display Factory setting Options Comments Cold start Disabled Enabled Start on battery. Forced reboot Enabled Disabled UPS restarts automatically when normal AC source is restored. Automatic restart Enabled Disabled UPS restarts automatically when normal AC source is restored. Sleep mode Disabled Enabled Automatic shutdown on battery if output load level < 10% Remote Command Enabled Disabled Enables shutdown or restart orders from software.
3. Operation 3.3 Information Technology IT Network and Industrial Operating Modes Table 3-5: System Operation in IT Netowrk and Industrial Modes. Symptoms IT Network mode Industrial mode Overload, and Bypass source in tolerance. Load is transferred to Bypass AC source. UPS returns to normal mode if overload is removed. Same as IT Network mode, but AC to the UPS does not return to is normal mode if overload removed. Overload, and Bypass AC source not in tolerance.
3. Operation 3.3.1 UPS personalization through external software Insert the Solution-Pac 2 CD ROM in your CD drive. zz At the first Navigator Screen, select “Installation” and follow the instructions to install Solution-Pac 2 for Windows. zz If nothing appears, launch startup.exe zz Then go to “Advanced settings” and “UPS settings”. Please note that the Linux/Unix/MacOS versions of Personal Solution-Pac do not include this feature. 3.3.2 Final Startup sequence Press the button more than 3 seconds.
3. Operation 3.4 Operating Modes 3.4.1 Normal (Double Conversion) Mode Figure 3-4: Normal (Double Conversion) Mode. This is the standard operating mode, set by the factory. 15 Two possible cases. 1. If Normal AC source available: 15 LED is ON. LOAD LEVEL 4kW / 5 kVA OFF The load is protected by the UPS. ON Scroll down 21 or scroll up 22 function buttons allow you to read the UPS measurements (Normal AC source voltage, Bypass AC source voltage, operating mode, battery capacity and UPS Serial Number).
3. Operation 3.4.2 ECO Mode Figure 3-5: ECO Mode Display. 15 The main advantage of the ECO mode is that it reduces the consumption of electrical power by not running in the online mode. When this mode is selected, the system works as an offline UPS system, powered by Bypass source if Bypass source is inside user’s defined range. Outside this range, the UPS system will switch to online mode with 10ms interrupt. Three possible cases: 17 OFF ON 1.
3. Operation 3.5 Operation on Battery Power Figure 3-6: Transfer, Threshold and End of back-up time. 15 16 3.5.1 REMAINING TIME 10 minutes OFF ON Transfer to Battery Power The load continues to be protected by the UPS when the Normal AC source is not available. Power is supplied by the battery. There are three possible cases: First Case: Operation on battery 15 LED is ON. 16 LED is ON. 15 16 The audio alarm beeps every 10 seconds. zz This indicate the load is supplied by the battery.
3. Operation 3.6 Return of Normal AC source After an outage, the UPS restarts automatically when AC power is restored (unless this function has been disabled via UPS personalization). 3.7 Shutdown Figure 3-7: Shutdown Display, Circuit Breaker, and AC Source Switch. 17 1. Press the OFF button 20 more than 3 seconds. CAUTION OFF The load is no longer protected by the UPS. It is powered via the Bypass AC source. If the UPS is set in frequency converter mode, the load will not be powered.
4. Maintenance 4.0 Scope Maintenance includes a troubleshooting guide of symptoms and possible solutions, hot swapping the Power Module and Battery Module, and testing scenarios. 4.1 Troubleshooting zz If any of LEDs 17 or 18 is on, there is an operating anomaly or an alarm. zz Use “scroll up” or “scroll down” function button to reset the audible alarm. Table 4-1: Troubleshooting Not Requiring EATON After-Sales Support.
4. Maintenance Table 4-2: Troubleshooting Requiring EATON After-Sales Support. Symptoms Indication Internal fault and transfer of load on LED 17 and 18 are on, Bypass AC Source is present and audible Bypass AC source alarm is on. The LCD display shows: xxx FAULT Correction Please visit www.eaton.com or call (800) 356-5794 for technical support LED 17 is on, and audible alarm is on, the LCD display shows BATTERY FAULT Battery fault during the battery test.
4. Maintenance 4.2 Hot Swapping the Power Module This operation can be performed without interrupting the load. Figure 4-1: Disconnecting the Power Module. 1. 17 Stop the system with the OFF button 20 (press more than 3 seconds). System is now powered by Bypass AC source. Check if UPS is on Bypass AC source by verifying that: LED 17 is ON (If LED 17 is not ON, do not turn the manual bypass and visit www.eaton.com or call (800) 356-5794. XXX FAULT 1CXXXXXXX OFF ON Card E F855 100 10 Setti 3.
4. Maintenance 4.3 Re-Connecting the Power Module This operation can be performed without interrupting the load. Figure 4-2: Reconnect the Power Module. 15 17 1. Secure the Input/Output box using the three screws. 2. Reconnect the cables 40 and 42 to the Power Module. 3. Switch the battery circuit breaker(s) 14 to the ON position. LOAD LEVEL 4 kW/ 5 kVA OFF 4. Check if Normal AC source circuit breaker 8 is on the ON position. ON 23 5. Check that the LED 17 is ON. 6.
4. Maintenance 4.4 Hot Swapping the Battery Module During the replacement of the Battery Module, it is imperative to use the same type and number of element as the original Battery Module provided with the UPS to maintain an identical level of performance and safety. In case of doubt, please refer to our web site at www.eaton.com or call (800) 356-5794. Figure 4-3: Rear View of the Battery Module. Battery Module 42 Power Module 4.4.1 40 Disconnecting the Battery Module 1.
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5. Appendix 5.0 Electrical Specifications Electrical and Mechanical specifications for the EX RT 5/7/11. 5.1 System Input/Output Power Ratings Table 5-1: EX RT 5/7/11 Voltages and Frequency Characteristics.
5. Appendix 5.3 System Back-Up Characteristics Table 5-2: Back-Up Time (In Minutes).
5. Appendix Table 5-3: Battery Recharge Time to Recover 90% of the Rated Back-Up Time After Discharge at Full Load. Configuration for 2 hours back-up time Configuration for 4 hours back-up time Configuration for 8 hours back-up time EX RT 5 7 hours 15 hours 24 hours EX RT 7 5 hours 12 hours 20 hours EX RT 11 7 hours 15 hours 24 hours Table 5-4: Efficiency On-line (RL Load) and Batteries Fully Charged.
5. Appendix Table 5-7: Efficiency on ECO Mode (All Kinds of Load) and Batteries Fully Charged. 5.6 kVA / kW 25% 50% 75% 100% Output load percentage 5 kVA / 4 kWatts 96 95 97 96 96 96 97 96 Output: 220 / 230 / 240 Volts Output: 200 / 208 / 250 Volts 7 kVA / 4.
EATON Customer Care Center Technical Support and Product Services ? Technical questions? If you encounter a problem while following the instructions in this manual, or have questions about the operation, repair, or servicing of your equipment, please visit our web site www. eaton.com for complete service information. To insure that your questions are correctly answered, please obtain the part number, assembly number, and serial number of the unit and include them in any discussions or correspondence.
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5. Appendix 5.8 Glossary Term used Definition/Meaning @ At. / And/or. +/- Plus or Minus. ≤ Equal to or less than. # Number. °C Degree Celsius. °F Degree Fahrenheit. Ø Phase angle. Ω Ohm; unit of resistance. ® Trade Mark. 2nd Second. AC or ac Alternating current, also implies root-mean-square (rms). Ambient Temp. Temperature of surrounding air. Ambient noise Acoustical noise of surrounding environment. ANSI American National Standard Institute. AWG American Wire Gauge.
5. Appendix dBrnC Decibel above reference noise. DC or dc Direct current, or voltage. Earth ground A ground circuit that has contact with the earth. Electrician Refers to an installation electrician qualified to install heavy-duty electrical components in accordance with local codes and regulations. Not necessarily qualified to maintain or repair electrical or electronic equipment. FET Field effect transistor. Freq. Frequency. Frequency slew rate The change in frequency per unit of time.
5. Appendix OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Agency. PCA Printed circuit assembly. PCB Printed circuit board. PN Part number. PWM Pulse Width Modulation. RCD Load Load consists of resistor, capacitor and diode. A computer with switched mode power supply is considered a RCD load. RL Load Load consists of resistor, and inductor. A fan or a drill is considered a RL load. SCR Silicon controlled rectifier. Shipping damage Any damage done to an article while it is in transit.
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