MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 7/8-Bit Single/Dual I2C Digital POT with Volatile Memory Features: Description: • Single or Dual Resistor Network Options • Potentiometer or Rheostat Configuration Options • Resistor Network Resolution - 7-bit: 128 Resistors (129 Steps) - 8-bit: 256 Resistors (257 Steps) • RAB Resistances Options of: - 5 k - 10 k - 50 k - 100 k • Zero-Scale to Full-Scale Wiper Operation • Low Wiper Resistance: 75 (typical) • Low Tempco: - Absolute (Rheostat): 50 ppm typical (0°C to 70°C) - Rati
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Device Block Diagram VDD VSS A2 A1 HVC/A0 SCL I2C Interface SDA Power-Up/ Brown-Out Control Resistor Network 0 (Pot 0) I2C Serial Interface Module & Control Logic (WiperLock™ Technology) Wiper 0 & TCON Register P0A P0W P0B P1A Resistor Network 1 (Pot 1) P1W Wiper 1 & TCON Register Memory (16x9) Wiper0 (V) Wiper1 (V) TCON Reserved P1B For Dual Resistor Network Devices Only MCP4531 MCP4532 MCP4541 MCP4542 MCP4551 MCP4552 MCP4561 MCP4562 MCP4631 MCP4632 MCP4641 MCP4642 MCP4
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Absolute Maximum Ratings † Voltage on VDD with respect to VSS .......................................................................................................... -0.6V to +7.0V Voltage on HVC/A0, A1, A2, SCL, and SDA with respect to VSS ............................................................................. -0.6V to 12.5V Voltage on all other pins (PxA, PxW, and PxB) with respect to VSS .....................................................
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics Parameters Supply Voltage HVC pin Voltage Range All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices. Typical specifications represent values for VDD = 5.5V, TA = +25°C. Sym Min Typ Max Units VDD 2.7 — 5.5 V 1.8 — 2.7 V VSS — 12.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics Parameters Resistance (± 20%) Resolution Step Resistance Nominal Resistance Match Wiper Resistance (Note 3, Note 4) All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices. Typical specifications represent values for VDD = 5.5V, TA = +25°C.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices. Typical specifications represent values for VDD = 5.5V, TA = +25°C. Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Maximum current through Terminal (A, W or B) Note 6 IT — — 2.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics Parameters Full-Scale Error (MCP4XX1 only) (8-bit code = 100h, 7-bit code = 80h) Zero-Scale Error (MCP4XX1 only) (8-bit code = 00h, 7-bit code = 00h) All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics Parameters Bandwidth -3 dB (See Figure 2-65, load = 30 pF) All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices. Typical specifications represent values for VDD = 5.5V, TA = +25°C.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices. Typical specifications represent values for VDD = 5.5V, TA = +25°C.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices. Typical specifications represent values for VDD = 5.5V, TA = +25°C.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics Parameters All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices. Typical specifications represent values for VDD = 5.5V, TA = +25°C.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40°C TA +125°C (extended) DC Characteristics All parameters apply across the specified operating ranges unless noted. VDD = +2.7V to 5.5V, 5 k, 10 k, 50 k, 100 k devices. Typical specifications represent values for VDD = 5.5V, TA = +25°C.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X I2C BUS START/STOP BITS REQUIREMENTS TABLE 1-1: I2C AC Characteristics Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40C TA +125C (Extended) Operating Voltage VDD range is described in AC/DC Characteristics Param. Symbol No.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X I2C BUS DATA REQUIREMENTS (SLAVE MODE) TABLE 1-2: I2C AC Characteristics Param. No. 100 101 102A (Note 5) 102B Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Operating Temperature –40C TA +125C (Extended) Operating Voltage VDD range is described in AC/DC Characteristics Symbol Characteristic THIGH TLOW TRSCL TRSDA Min Max Units Clock high time 100 kHz mode 4000 — ns 1.8V-5.5V 400 kHz mode 600 — ns 2.7V-5.5V 1.7 MHz mode 120 ns 4.5V-5.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X TABLE 1-2: I2C BUS DATA REQUIREMENTS (SLAVE MODE) (CONTINUED) I2C AC Characteristics Param. No.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, VSS = GND. Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Specified Temperature Range TA -40 — +125 °C Operating Temperature Range TA -40 — +125 °C Storage Temperature Range TA -65 — +150 °C Thermal Resistance, 8L-DFN (3x3) JA — 56.7 — °C/W Thermal Resistance, 8L-MSOP JA — 211 — °C/W Thermal Resistance, 8L-SOIC JA — 149.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 2.0 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 0.1 80 0 60 -0.1 40 20 0 100 -0.2 RW -0.3 64 96 128 160 192 224 256 Wiper Setting (decimal) 32 -40C Rw -40C INL -40C DNL 260 25C Rw 25C INL 25C DNL 85C Rw 85C INL 85C DNL INL 220 0.1 180 0 140 -0.1 RW 100 125°C 60 -40°C 20 0 32 25°C -0.2 85°C 2000 25C Rw 25C INL 25C DNL 85C Rw 85C INL 85C DNL 125C Rw 125C INL 125C DNL 0.5 0.2 1500 0.1 0 1000 -0.1 DNL -0.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 5300 6000 5250 5000 RWB (Ohms) Nominal Resistance (RAB) (Ohms) Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 2.7V 5200 5150 5.5V 1.8V 5100 4000 3000 2000 -40°C 25°C 85°C 125°C 1000 0 5050 -40 0 40 80 Ambient Temperature (°C) 120 FIGURE 2-12: 5 k – Nominal Resistance () vs. Ambient Temperature and VDD. 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 Wiper Setting (decimal) 224 256 FIGURE 2-13: 5 k – RWB () vs.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. FIGURE 2-14: 5 k – Low-Voltage Decrement Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 5.5V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-17: 5 k – Low-Voltage Increment Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 5.5V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-15: 5 k – Low-Voltage Decrement Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 2.7V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-18: 5 k – Low-Voltage Increment Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 2.7V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-16: 5 k – Power-Up Wiper Response Time (20 ms/Div).
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 0.2 INL DNL 0.1 80 0 60 -0.1 25°C -40°C 125°C 85°C -0.2 RW 20 -0.3 -40C Rw -40C INL -40C DNL 260 220 25C Rw 25C INL 25C DNL 85C Rw 85C INL 85C DNL INL DNL 0.1 180 0 140 100 -0.1 RW 60 25°C 125°C 85°C 20 0 32 -0.2 -40°C 125°C 3500 25C Rw 25C INL 25C DNL 85C Rw 85C INL 85C DNL 3000 125C Rw 125C INL 125C DNL 0.5 INL 0.3 2500 0.4 0.2 2000 DNL 0.1 1500 0 1000 -0.1 500 -0.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 12000 10250 10000 10200 10150 10100 RWB (Ohms) Nominal Resistance (R AB) (Ohms) 10300 2.7V 10050 10000 5.5V 9950 1.8V 8000 6000 4000 -40°C 25°C 85°C 125°C 2000 9900 9850 0 -40 0 40 80 Ambient Temperature (°C) 120 FIGURE 2-25: 10 k – Nominal Resistance () vs. Ambient Temperature and VDD. DS22096B-page 22 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 Wiper Setting (decimal) 224 256 FIGURE 2-26: 10 k – RWB () vs.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. FIGURE 2-27: 10 k – Low-Voltage Decrement Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 5.5V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-30: 10 k – Low-Voltage Increment Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 5.5V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-28: 10 k – Low-Voltage Decrement Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 2.7V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-31: 10 k – Low-Voltage Increment Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 2.7V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-29: 10 k – Power-Up Wiper Response Time (1 µs/Div).
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 0.1 80 0 60 -0.1 40 25°C 85°C 125°C 20 0 -40°C 100 -0.2 RW -0.3 64 96 128 160 192 224 256 Wiper Setting (decimal) 32 260 220 25C Rw 25C INL 25C DNL 85C Rw 85C INL 85C DNL 0.1 180 0 140 -0.2 -40°C 60 32 -40C Rw -40C INL -40C DNL 25C Rw 25C INL 25C DNL 85C Rw 85C INL 85C DNL 125C Rw 125C INL 125C DNL Error (LSb) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 60000 52000 50000 51500 1.8V RWB (Ohms) Nominal Resistance (R (Ohms) AB) 52500 51000 50500 50000 2.7V 40000 30000 20000 -40°C 25°C 85°C 125°C 10000 49500 5.5V 49000 0 -40 0 40 80 Ambient Temperature (°C) 120 FIGURE 2-38: 50 k – Nominal Resistance () vs. Ambient Temperature and VDD. 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. FIGURE 2-40: 50 k – Low-Voltage Decrement Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 5.5V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-43: 50 k – Low-Voltage Increment Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 5.5V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-41: 50 k – Low-Voltage Decrement Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 2.7V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-44: 50 k – Low-Voltage Increment Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 2.7V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-42: 50 k – Power-Up Wiper Response Time (1 µs/Div).
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. DNL 0 60 -0.1 40 25°C -40°C -40C Rw -40C INL -40C DNL 100 0.1 INL 80 120 RW -0.2 64 96 128 160 192 224 256 Wiper Setting (decimal) -40C Rw -40C INL -40C DNL 260 25C Rw 25C INL 25C DNL 85C Rw 85C INL 85C DNL 125C Rw 125C INL 125C DNL -0.1 40 -40°C DNL 0.15 0 140 -0.05 100 RW 60 -0.1 -40°C -0.15 125°C 85°C 25°C 20 0 32 25000 25C Rw 25C INL 25C DNL 85C Rw 85C INL 85C DNL 0.05 15000 -0.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 120000 103500 103000 102500 102000 101500 101000 100500 100000 99500 99000 98500 100000 Rwb (Ohms) Nominal Resistance (R (Ohms) AB) Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 1.8V 2.7V 80000 60000 40000 -40°C 25°C 85°C 125°C 20000 5.5V 0 -40 0 40 80 Ambient Temperature (°C) 120 FIGURE 2-51: 100 k – Nominal Resistance () vs. Ambient Temperature and VDD .
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. FIGURE 2-53: 100 k – Low-Voltage Decrement Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 5.5V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-56: 100 k – Low-Voltage Increment Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 2.7V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-54: 100 k – Low-Voltage Decrement Wiper Settling Time (VDD = 2.7V) (1 µs/Div). FIGURE 2-55: 100 k – Low-Voltage Increment Wiper Settling Time (VDD =5.5V) (1 µs/Div). 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 0.12 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 0.1 0.08 5.5V % % Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 0.06 0.04 3.0V 0.02 3.0V 0 -40 0 40 80 Temperature (°C) 120 FIGURE 2-57: Resistor Network 0 to Resistor Network 1 RAB (5 k) Mismatch vs. VDD and Temperature. -40 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.04 40 80 Temperature (°C) 0.03 5.5V 0.01 0 120 FIGURE 2-59: Resistor Network 0 to Resistor Network 1 RAB (50 k) Mismatch vs.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. 4 3.5 5.5V VOL (mV) VIH (V) 3 2.5 2 2.7V 1.5 230 210 2.7V 190 170 150 130 5.5V 110 90 70 50 1 -40 0 40 80 120 Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-61: Temperature. -40 0 40 80 120 Temperature (°C) VIH (SDA, SCL) vs. VDD and FIGURE 2-63: VOL (SDA) vs. VDD and Temperature (IOL = 3 mA). 2 VIL (V) 5.5V 1.5 2.7V 1 -40 0 40 80 120 Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-62: Temperature. VIL (SDA, SCL) vs.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 2.1 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V. Test Circuits 1.2 +5V 1 5.5V VDD (V) 0.6 A VIN 0.8 W 2.7V B Offset GND 0.4 + VOUT - 0.2 2.5V DC 0 -40 0 40 80 120 Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-64: and Temperature. POR/BOR Trip point vs. VDD FIGURE 2-65: Test. floating VA A -3 db Gain vs. Frequency VW W IW B VB FIGURE 2-66: DS22096B-page 32 RBW = VW/IW RW = (VW-VA)/IW RBW and RW Measurement. 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 3.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1. Additional descriptions of the device pins follows. TABLE 3-1: PINOUT DESCRIPTION FOR THE MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Pin Single Dual Rheo Pot(1) Rheo Pot Symbol I/O Buffer Type Weak Pull-up/ down (1) Standard Function 8L 8L 10L 14L 16L 1 1 1 1 16 HVC/A0 I HV w/ST “smart” 2 2 2 2 1 SCL I HV w/ST No I2C clock input 3 3 3 3 2 SDA I/O HV w/ST No I2C serial data I/O.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 3.1 High Voltage Command / Address 0 (HVC/A0) The HVC/A0 pin is the Address 0 input for the I2C interface as well as the High Voltage command pin. At the device’s POR/BOR the value of the A0 address bit is latched. This input, along with the A2 and A1 pins, completes the device address. This allows up to eight MCP45XX/46XX devices on a single I2C bus.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 4.0 FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW This data sheet covers a family of thirty-two digital Potentiometer and Rheostat devices that will be referred to as MCP4XXX. The MCP4XX1 devices are the Potentiometer configuration, while the MCP4XX2 devices are the Rheostat configuration. As the Device Block Diagram shows, there are four main functional blocks.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 4.2.1.2 Terminal Control (TCON) Register This register contains 8 control bits. Four bits are for Wiper 0, and four bits are for Wiper 1. Register 4-1 describes each bit of the TCON register. The state of each resistor network terminal connection is individually controlled. That is, each terminal connection (A, B and W) can be individually connected/ disconnected from the resistor network. This allows the system to minimize the currents through the digital potentiometer.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X REGISTER 4-1: TCON BITS (ADDRESS = 0x04) (1) R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 GCEN R1HW R1A R1W R1B R0HW R0A R0W R0B bit 8 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown bit 8 GCEN: General Call Enable bit This bit specifies if I2C General Call commands are accepted 1 = Enable Device to “Accept” the General Call Address (0000
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X NOTES: DS22096B-page 38 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 5.0 RESISTOR NETWORK 5.1 The Resistor Network has either 7-bit or 8-bit resolution. Each Resistor Network allows zero scale to full-scale connections. Figure 5-1 shows a block diagram for the resistive network of a device. The Resistor Network is made up of several parts. These include: • Resistor Ladder • Wiper • Shutdown (Terminal Connections) Devices have either one or two resistor networks, These are referred to as Pot 0 and Pot 1.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X TABLE 5-1: A value in the Volatile Wiper register selects which analog switch to close, connecting the W terminal to the selected node of the resistor ladder. The wiper can connect directly to Terminal B or to Terminal A. A zero-scale connection, connects the Terminal W (wiper) to Terminal B (wiper setting of 000h). A full-scale connection, connects the Terminal W (wiper) to Terminal A (wiper setting of 100h or 80h).
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 5.3 5.3.2 Shutdown Shutdown is used to minimize the device’s current consumption. The MCP4XXX achieves this through the Terminal Control Register (TCON). 5.3.1 TERMINAL CONTROL REGISTER (TCON) The Terminal Control (TCON) register is a volatile register used to configure the connection of each resistor network terminal pin (A, B, and W) to the Resistor Network. This bits are described in Register 4-1.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X NOTES: DS22096B-page 42 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 6.0 SERIAL INTERFACE (I2C) 6.1 The MCP45XX/46XX devices support the I2C serial protocol. The MCP45XX/46XX I2C’s module operates in Slave mode (does not generate the serial clock). Figure 6-1 shows a typical I2C Interface connection. All I2C interface signals are high-voltage tolerant. The MCP45XX/46XX devices use the two-wire I2C serial interface. This interface can operate in standard, fast or High-Speed mode.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 6.2 I2C Operation 6.2.1.3 The MCP45XX/46XX’s I2C module is compatible with the Philips I2C specification. The following lists some of the module’s features: • 7-bit slave addressing • Supports three clock rate modes: - Standard mode, clock rates up to 100 kHz - Fast mode, clock rates up to 400 kHz - High-speed mode (HS mode), clock rates up to 3.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5 Repeated Start Bit The Repeated Start bit (see Figure 6-5) indicates the current Master Device wishes to continue communicating with the current Slave Device without releasing the I2C bus. The Repeated Start condition is the same as the Start condition, except that the Repeated Start bit follows a Start bit (with the Data bits + A bit) and not a Stop bit. Stop Bit The Stop bit (see Figure 6-6) Indicates the end of the I2C Data Transfer Sequence.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 6.2.4 ADDRESSING The address byte is the first byte received following the START condition from the master device. The address contains four (or more) fixed bits and (up to) three user defined hardware address bits (pins A2, A1, and A0). These 7-bits address the desired I2C device. The A7:A4 address bits are fixed to “0101” and the device appends the value of following three address pins (A2, A1, A0).
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 6.2.6 HS MODE After switching to the High-Speed mode, the next transferred byte is the I2C control byte, which specifies the device to communicate with, and any number of data bytes plus acknowledgements. The Master Device can then either issue a Repeated Start bit to address a different device (at High-Speed), or a Stop bit to return to Fast/Standard bus speed. After the Stop bit, any other Master Device (in a Multi-Master system) can arbitrate for the I2C bus.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 6.2.7 GENERAL CALL TABLE 6-3: GENERAL CALL COMMANDS The General Call is a method that the “Master” device can communicate with all other “Slave” devices. In a Multi-Master application, the other Master devices are operating in Slave mode. The General Call address has two documented formats. These are shown in Figure 6-11. We have added a MCP45XX/46XX format in this figure as well.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Second Byte S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A X X X X X General Call Address X X 0 A P “7-bit Command” Reserved 7-bit Commands (By I2C Specification - Philips # 9398 393 40011, Ver. 2.1 January 2000) ‘0000 011’b - Reset and write programmable part of slave address by hardware. ‘0000 010’b - Write programmable part of slave address by hardware. ‘0000 000’b - NOT Allowed MCP45XX/MCP46XX 7-bit Commands ‘1000 01x’b - Increment Wiper 0 Register. ‘1001 01x’b - Increment Wiper 1 Register.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X NOTES: DS22096B-page 50 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 7.0 DEVICE COMMANDS 7.1 The MCP4XXX’s I2C command formats are specified in this section. The I2C protocol does not specify how commands are formatted. The MCP4XXX supports four basic commands. Depending on the location accessed determines the commands that are supported.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X TABLE 7-2: MEMORY MAP AND THE SUPPORTED COMMANDS Address Command Operation Value 00h 01h Function Volatile Wiper 0 Volatile Wiper 1 Data (10-bits) (1) Write Data nn nnnn nnnn Read Data (3) nn nnnn nnnn Increment Wiper — Decrement Wiper — Write Data nn nnnn nnnn Read Data (3) nn nnnn nnnn Increment Wiper — Decrement Wiper — 02h Reserved — — 03h Reserved — — 04h (2) Volatile TCON Register Write Data 05h Reserved 06h - 0Fh (2) Reserved Note 1: 2: 3: n
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 7.2 Data Byte 7.3 Only the Read Command and the Write Command have Data Byte(s). The Write command concatenates the 8-bits of the Data Byte with the one data bit (D8) contained in the Command Byte to form 9-bits of data (D8:D0). The Command Byte format supports up to 9-bits of data so that the 8-bit resistor network can be set to Full-Scale (100h or greater). This allows wiper connections to Terminal A and to Terminal B. The D9 bit is currently unused.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 7.4 Write Data Normal and High Voltage The Write command can be issued to both the volatile and nonvolatile memory locations. The format of the command (see Figure 7-2), includes the I2C Control Byte, an A bit, the MCP4XXX Command Byte, an A bit, the MCP4XXX Data Byte, an A bit, and a Stop (or Restart) condition. The MCP4XXX generates the A/A bits.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Write bit Fixed Address S 0 1 Device Memory Address Variable Address 0 1 A2 A1 A0 0 A AD AD AD AD 3 2 1 0 0 0 x D8 A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A P WRITE Command Control Byte Write bit Fixed Address S 0 1 Variable Address 0 1 A2 A1 A0 0 A Device Memory Address Write “Data” bits Command AD AD AD AD 3 2 1 0 0 0 x D8 A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A WRITE Command Control Byte AD AD AD AD 3 2 1 0 0 Write Data bits 0 x D8 A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A WRITE Command AD AD AD A
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 7.5 Read Data Normal and High Voltage 7.5.1 SINGLE READ Figure 7-4 shows the waveforms for a single read. The Read command can be issued to both the volatile and nonvolatile memory locations.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Read bit S 0 1 STOP bit Variable Address Fixed Address Read Data bits 0 1 A2 A1 A0 1 A 0 0 0 0 D8 A1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A2 0 0 0 P Read bits Control Byte Note 1: Master Device is responsible for A/A signal. If an A signal occurs, the MCP45XX/46XX will abort this transfer and release the bus. 2: The Master Device will Not Acknowledge, and the MCP45XX/46XX will release the bus so the Master Device can generate a Stop or Repeated Start condition.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Read bit Fixed Address S 0 1 0 Variable Address Read Data bits 1 A2 A1 A0 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D8 A1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A1 Read bits Control Byte Read Data bits 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D8 A1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A1 STOP bit Read Data bits 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D8 A1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A2 P Note 1: Master Device is responsible for A / A signal. If a A signal occurs, the MCP45XX/46XX will abort this transfer and release the bus.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 7.6 TABLE 7-4: Increment Wiper Normal and High Voltage Current Wiper Setting The Increment Command provides a quick and easy method to modify the potentiometer’s wiper by +1 with minimal overhead. The Increment Command will only function on the volatile wiper setting memory locations 00h and 01h. Note: Table 7-2 shows the valid addresses for the Increment Wiper command. Other addresses are invalid.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 7.7 TABLE 7-5: Decrement Wiper Normal and High Voltage Current Wiper Setting The Decrement Command provides a quick and easy method to modify the potentiometer’s wiper by -1, with minimal overhead. The Decrement Command will only function on the volatile wiper setting memory locations 00h and 01h. Note: Table 7-2 shows the valid addresses for the Decrement Wiper command. Other addresses are invalid.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 8.0 APPLICATIONS EXAMPLES Nonvolatile digital potentiometers have a multitude of practical uses in modern electronic circuits. The most popular uses include precision calibration of set point thresholds, sensor trimming, LCD bias trimming, audio attenuation, adjustable power supplies, motor control overcurrent trip setting, adjustable gain amplifiers and offset trimming.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 8.2 Using Shutdown Figure 8-3 shows a possible application circuit where the independent terminals could be used. Disconnecting the wiper allows the transistor input to be taken to the Bias voltage level (disconnecting A and or B may be desired to reduce system current). Disconnecting Terminal A modifies the transistor input by the RBW rheostat value to the Common B. Disconnecting Terminal B modifies the transistor input by the RAW rheostat value to the Common A.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 8.4 Figure 8-5 shows two I2C bus configurations. In many cases, the single I2C bus configuration will be adequate. For applications that do not want all the MCP45XX/46XX devices to do General Call support or have a conflict with General Call commands, the multiple I2C bus configuration would be used.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 8.5 Implementing Log Steps with a Linear Digital Potentiometer In audio volume control applications, the use of logarithmic steps is desirable since the human ear hears in a logarithmic manner. The use of a linear potentiometer can approximate a log potentiometer, but with fewer steps. An 8-bit potentiometer can achieve fourteen 3 dB log steps plus a 100% (0 dB) and a mute setting.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X TABLE 8-1: LINEAR TO LOG ATTENUATION FOR 8-BIT DIGITAL POTENTIOMETERS -3 dB Steps # of Steps -2 dB Steps Calculated Calculated Desired Wiper Desired Wiper Attenuation Attenuation Attenuation Code Attenuation Code (1) (1) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Note 1: 0 dB -3 dB -6 dB -9dB -12 dB -15 dB -18 dB -21 dB -24 dB -27 dB -30 dB -33 dB -36 dB -39 dB -42 dB -48 dB Mute 256 181 128 91 64 46 32 23 16 11 8
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 8.6 8.6.2 Design Considerations In the design of a system with the MCP4XXX devices, the following considerations should be taken into account: • Power Supply Considerations • Layout Considerations 8.6.1 POWER SUPPLY CONSIDERATIONS The typical application will require a bypass capacitor in order to filter high-frequency noise, which can be induced onto the power supply's traces. The bypass capacitor helps to minimize the effect of these noise sources on signal integrity.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 9.0 DEVICE OPTIONS Additional, custom devices are available. These devices have weak pull-up resistors on the SDA and SCL pins. This is useful for applications where the wiper value is programmed during manufacture and not modified by the system during normal operation. Please contact your local sales office for current information and minimum volume requirements. 9.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X NOTES: DS22096B-page 68 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 10.0 DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT 10.1 Development Tools 10.2 Technical Documentation Several additional technical documents are available to assist you in your design and development. These technical documents include Application Notes, Technical Briefs, and Design Guides. Table 10-2 shows some of these documents. Several development tools are available to assist in your design and evaluation of the MCP45XX/46XX devices. The currently available tools are shown in Table 10-1.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X NOTES: DS22096B-page 70 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 11.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 11.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Package Marking Information (Continued) 10-Lead DFN (3x3) XXXX YYWW NNN Example: Part Number Code Part Number Code MCP4632-502E/MF AABA MCP4652-502E/MF AAKA MCP4632-103E/MF AACA MCP4652-103E/MF AALA MCP4632-104E/MF AAEA MCP4652-104E/MF AAPA MCP4632-503E/MF AADA MCP4652-503E/MF AAMA AAFA 1028 256 10-Lead MSOP XXXXXX YWWNNN Example Part Number Code Part Number Code MCP4632-502E/UN 463252 MCP4652-502E/UN 465252 MCP4632-103E/UN 463213 MCP4652-103E/UN 4652
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS22096B-page 74 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS22096B-page 76 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS22096B-page 78 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS22096B-page 80 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X UN Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS22096B-page 82 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X UN Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X 10-Lead Plastic Micro Small Outline Package (UN) [MSOP] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS22096B-page 84 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS22096B-page 86 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
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MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X NOTES: DS22096B-page 90 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X APPENDIX A: REVISION HISTORY Revision B (February 2013) The following is the list of modifications: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Corrected MCP45x1 DFN package pinout. Corrected Device Block Diagram. Updated the Absolute Maximum Ratings † with Total Power Dissipation values for each package type. Updated typical thermal values in Temperature Characteristics table. Corrected labeling in Figure 2-1, from Section 2.0 “Typical Performance Curves”.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X NOTES: DS22096B-page 92 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X CHARACTERIZATION DATA ANALYSIS Some designers may desire to understand the device operational characteristics outside of the specified operating conditions of the device. Applications where the knowledge of the resistor network characteristics could be useful include battery powered devices and applications that experience brown-out conditions. In battery applications, the application voltage decays over time until new batteries are installed.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X Figure B-3 and Figure B-4 show the wiper resistance for VDD voltages of 5.5, 3.0, 1.8 volts. These graphs show that as the resistor ladder wiper node voltage (VWCn) approaches the VDD/2 voltage, the wiper resistance increases. These graphs also show the different resistance characteristics of the NMOS and PMOS transistors that make up the wiper switch. This is demonstrated by the wiper code resistance curve, which does not mirror itself around the mid-scale code (wiper code = 128).
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X So, looking at the wiper voltage (VW) for the 3.0V and 1.8V data gives the graphs in Figure B-8 and Figure B-9. In the 1.8V graph, as the VW approaches 0.8V, the voltage increases nonlinearly. Since V = I * R, and the current (IW) is constant, it means that the device resistance increased nonlinearly at around wiper code 160. A VA Nn RS RW (1) Nn-1 DVG RW (1) RS 1.2 RS VWC(n-2) RAB Nn-3 NMOS PMOS RW (1) VW W Wiper Voltage (V) 1.0 Nn-2 0.8 0.6 0.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X RW RNMOS 140 RPMOS RW 120 5.00E+09 100 4.00E+09 80 NMOS PMOS Theshold Theshold 3.00E+09 2.00E+09 60 40 1.00E+09 Wiper Resistance ( ) 6.00E+09 20 0.00E+00 0 0.0 0.6 1.2 1.8 VIN Voltage 2.4 3.0 FIGURE B-12: NMOS and PMOS Transistor Resistance (RNMOS, RPMOS) and Wiper Resistance (RW) VS. VIN (VDD = 1.8V). VG (VDD/VSS) “gate” 300 NMOS 250 VOUT PMOS Resistance ( ) VIN “gate” FIGURE B-10: 160 7.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X B.2 Optimizing Circuit Design for LowVoltage Characteristics R1 The low-voltage nonlinear characteristics can be minimized by application design. The section will show two application circuits that can be used to control a programmable reference voltage (VOUT). A In example implementation #1 (Figure B-15), we window the digital potentiometer using resistors R1 and R2. When the wiper code is at full scale, the VOUT voltage will be 0.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X R1 VOUT R2 A VA W B FIGURE B-16: TABLE B-2: VW VB Example Implementation #2. EXAMPLE #2 VOLTAGE CALCULATIONS Variation Min Typ Max R1 10,000 10,000 10,000 R2 10,000 10,000 10,000 RBW (max) 8,000 10,000 12,000 VOUT (@ FS) 0.667 VDD VOUT(@ ZS) 0.50 VDD 0.643 VDD 0.687 VDD 0.50 VDD 0.50 VDD VW (@ FS) 0.333 VDD 0.286 VDD 0.375 VDD VW (@ ZS) VSS VSS VSS Legend: FS – Full Scale, ZS – Zero Scale DS22096B-page 98 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. PART NO.
MCP453X/455X/463X/465X NOTES: DS22096B-page 100 2008-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature.
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