User Manual

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MPE
MIDI Polyphonic Expression (or MPE) is a method of using MIDI to enable expressive electronic
musical instruments to control multiple dimensions of sound polyphonically. In MIDI, channel-
wide messages (such as pitch bend, CCs, and channel aftertouch) are applied to all notes
being played on a single channel; therefore, in MPE each note is assigned its own channel so
that those messages can be applied to each note individually.
An MPE instrument typically has three dimensions of expression / control – left-right (X-axis);
front-back (Y-axis); and pressure (Z-axis) – each axis can be mapped to various parameters of
sound and be applied on a per-note basis.
COBALT5S is an MPE-compatible synthesiser, which means any valid MPE instrument /
controller can control multiple parameters of COBALT5S’s sound engine polyphonically. The
majority of the COBALT5S parameters can be controlled by MPE.
Setting up MPE on COBALT5S
Enabling COBALT5S to respond to MPE involves the following steps:
1. Navigate to the MIDI settings controls on the screen
2. Set ‘MPE Mode’ to ‘On’
3. Set ‘MPE Master Channel’ to match that of your MPE instrument. Your MPE instrument
may refer to this as its ‘MPE Zone’ – ‘Lower Zone’ uses channel 1 and ‘Upper Zone’ uses
channel 16. Some MPE instruments may not specify a Master Channel / Zone – in this
case the most likely value to use here is ‘1’. Please refer to the MPE instruments settings
or documentation for more information.
4. Set ‘MPE Number of Channels’ to match that of your MPE instrument. It is recommended
to set this value as high as possible (on both your MPE instrument and COBALT5S) to
take full advantage of COBALT5S’s polyphony. Some MPE instruments may not specify a
Number of Channels – in this case the most likely value to use here is ‘15’. Please refer to
the MPE instruments settings or documentation for more information.
5. Set ‘MPE Pitch Bend Range’ to that of your MPE instrument. Your MPE instrument may
refer to this as its ‘Pitch Bend Sensitivity’. Some MPE instruments may not specify, or use,
a fixed Pitch Bend Range – in this case use this value to set your preferred semitone range
of the MPE X-axis. Please refer to the MPE instruments settings or documentation for
more information.
MPE
Each MPE dimension is mapped to the COBALT5S sound engine as follows:
• Left-right / X-axis (sent as MIDI Pitch Bend) – This controls the pitch of the note, with the
range set using the ‘MPE Pitch Bend Range’ global setting (see above).
• Front-back / Y-axis (sent as MIDI CC 74) – This controls the COBALT5S Y+ modulation
assignments.
• Pressure / Z-axis (sent as MIDI Channel Aftertouch) – this controls the COBALT5S
Aftertouch modulation assignments.
As the MPE Y and Z dimension assignments are built into COBALT5S’s existing modulation
matrix, these assignments are saved and recalled with each patch.
Using MPE on COBALT5S
If using in conjunction with non-MPE MIDI controllers or software, please set their output MIDI
channel to match the COBALT5S’s ‘MPE Master Channel’ to ensure correct behaviour.
COBALT5S MPE limitations:
• If Y+ or Aftertouch is assigned to any global sound parameters (LFO1 or FX parameters)
then these parameters will change for all notes / voices and only the latest / newest MPE
note will have control of these parameters.
• MPE is not available in Polychain mode
• MPE expression data cannot be recorded into the COBALT5S sequencer, and any MPE
notes recorded into the sequencer are converted in ‘master’ notes.
• COBALT5S doesn’t support MPE ‘MIDI Mode 4’ (‘one channel per string’ voice allocation).