SECURITY INSTALLATION TRAINING MANUAL BASED ON AS/NZS3749.
PREFACE This security installation training manual has been produced as a guide to help the vehicle security installer perform quality installations as required by the joint Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 3749.2:1997. Installers are encouraged to obtain a copy of this document, along with a copy of Part 1 of the Standard, which refers to the specifications and performance requirements of vehicle security systems.
The Recognised Name In Security TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SET UP AND DOCUMENTATION Pre-installation Inspection Preparation/Research Vehicle inspection sheet Safety Recommended Equipment PIN codes Immobiliser relays Page Page Page Page Page Page Page 4 4 5 6 7 9 9 2.
The Recognised Name In Security SET UP AND DOCUMENTATION PRE-INSTALLATION INSPECTION Quality installations start well before any physical work begins on a vehicle. A vehicle inspection should be carried out prior to starting the installation and preferably before the owner of the vehicle has left the premises. This will ensure that you are not accused of damaging something in the vehicle that was already damaged before you started.
The Recognised Name In Security PRE/POST-INSTALLATION VEHICLE INSPECTION MAKE.................................... MODEL.......................... YEAR................... OWNER................................ REG NO......................... DATE.................. INSTALLED BY..................... INSPECTED BY.................... MODEL OF ALARM....................................
The Recognised Name In Security WIRING INFORMATION Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information, due to constant changes in vehicle manufacturing and sourcing of components, colours and locations may vary. MONGOOSE TAKES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR INCORRECT INFORMATION PRINTED IN THESE FILES. ALWAYS VERIFY INFORMATION USING A MULTIMETER. NEVER USE A TEST LIGHT. Cross reference all information.
The Recognised Name In Security RECOMMENDED EQUIPMENT It has often been said that “a workman is only as good as his tools”. Make sure you have the appropriate tools for the job and know how to use them correctly.
The Recognised Name In Security Never use a simple incandescent (bulb) test light to probe a vehicle’s wiring. Many modern cars today have sensitive electronics and using a “dead short” type of probe may immediately damage, or set in motion to fail in the future, electronic systems such as airbags or computers within the vehicle. When you probe a circuit with a test light or voltmeter, the device that you are using becomes part of that circuit and adds an additional load.
The Recognised Name In Security OTHER DOCUMENTATION The Standard requires that the customer receives a copy of the Operating Instructions along with a copy of the Installation Certificate. Make sure that such instructions are in the box with the product and then put them in the vehicle where the owner will see them. Better still, partly fill out the warranty card or proof of purchase for the customer and present it to them when giving a demonstration on how the security system operates.
The Recognised Name In Security PERFORMING THE INSTALLATION First things first - wind down the drivers side window and remove the ignition keys from the ignition. Many an installer will tell you about the one time they forgot to do this and accidentally locked the keys in the car when they first tested the alarm, only to find they had not connected to the correct unlock wire for the central locking. Also, fully turn off the interior light to avoid draining the battery.
The Recognised Name In Security Take care when removing trim panels. If you don’t know how something comes apart seek advise from someone who does. The “rip, tear and bust” method is not convivial to quality installations. Wiring Techniques - Apart from making your loom blend into the vehicle it is most important that, where you interface your security system loom with the vehicle’s electrical system, you use the correct jointing techniques.
* Secure all looms with cable ties to existing looms or vehicle framework so that they blend into the car. This will prevent wires from falling down and becoming exposed to a would-be thief. * Also conceal and solidly secure all security system components so they do not fall down and become visible to a would-be thief, or become a potential safety hazard. When drilling mounting holes remove all swarf from the hole and the vehicle, and protect holes using recognised anti-corrosion treatment.
SIREN Mounting - Mount the siren in such a position to give good radiation of sound to the atmosphere when the bonnet is closed. However, this can be difficult in modern cars today where the engine bay is particularly full. Then it may be a case of thinking laterally. Perhaps the siren could be mounted between the inner metal guard and the plastic inner guard, providing there is adequate sound dispersion. Sometimes if you remove the battery and it’s box you can fit the siren underneath.
IMPORTANT - When passing wires through the firewall into the main cabin always use either an existing rubber grommet, or drill a hole and install a rubber grommet. Before you drill into the firewall, check what is on the other side. Never run the cables between the metal and the side of the grommet. Doing this may result in chaffing of the cable insulation and cause a dead short to ground, which may also lead to not only a product failure, but also a fire in the wiring loom.
PROGRAMMING SWITCH (depending on alarm model) Mounting - If a programming switch is supplied it should be mounted in a location that is able to be accessed by the owner of the vehicle. However, it should also be hidden from the thief and you should therefore discuss the mounting location with the owner prior to starting the installation of the security system. Use your imagination.
Other installers put it in the kick panel area where it will then be biased to only one side of the vehicle. Try to find a location where it will not pick up the expansion of the dash when the vehicle heats up in the sun. Also make sure that it is solidly mounted. Just pushing it under the carpet or cable tied to wiring looms is not solid enough - to pick up any impact the sensitivity adjustment will need to be turned right up, only increasing the chance of a false alarm.
MICROWAVE SENSOR (model dependant) Microwave (or Radar) sensors work in a similar way to ultrasonic’s in that they send out a signal and monitor its return. The advantage over ultrasonic’s is that they do not detect any change in air pressure and are therefore better suited to convertible vehicles.
Mounting - As these sensors usually have an external microphone to detect noise the microphone must be mounted so it can ‘hear’ the whole vehicle. Do not hide the microphone under the dashboard. Mount the control module under the dashboard but somewhere accessible so sensitivity adjustment can be made after installation. Wiring - The same guidelines as previous apply. The best advise for any sensor placement is to follow the recommendations of the manufacturer of the product.
MAIN CONTROL MODULE Mounting - The new Standard states “where practicable, all components of the VSAS shall be concealed”. This means you cannot see it or grab hold of it ! Remember concealment is the key to a good security system installation. Since most installers mount the brain module under the dash near the fuse box, that’s exactly the first place a thief would look. Remember that a security system is only as good as the installation.
* Power wire - The wire that supplies power to the brain should be a dedicated wire and should not be tapped onto for supply to any other sensors or relays. This will avoid any voltage drop problems which may upset the microprocessor in the alarm brain. All other accessories and relays should have their own power supply wire, each with its’ own fuse. Connection should be made at the battery or to any permanent power source in a secure area.
Words of caution – ALWAYS CARRY OUT A CURRENT DRAW TEST ON ANY CIRCUIT BEING IMMOBILISED TO ENSURE IT IS WITHIN THE CAPABILITIES OF THE SECURITY SYSTEM. A two or three point immobiliser has an awesome responsibility to perform. Therefore, it is imperative that where the alarm interfaces with electrical circuits in the vehicle for the immobiliser function, your joints must be perfect.
cause the alarm to trigger on setting, or give a warning via the siren that the door is open when in actual fact it is not. Do not connect the boot to the door wire as, depending on which model of alarm, this will give the wrong diagnostic code on the alarm LED if the boot is opened when the alarm is set. * Boot wire - Most modern cars have a boot light which will work on the same principle as the door wire. Test the same as for the door wire.
BUILT-IN CENTRAL DOOR LOCKING RELAYS Many Mongoose models have built-in central door locking relays. They are easily identified by having 6 coloured wires either in their own plug on earlier models or simply exiting amongst the black wires on later concealed plug type systems.
+12 VOLT ADD ON SOLENOID PURPLE - LOCK NO . .. MX750 WHITE - LOCK NC GREEN - LOCK COMMON ORANGE - UNLOCK NO BROWN - UNLOCK NC BLUE - UNLOCK COMMON . . . TO CDL MODULE TO SWITCH SINGLE WIRE SWITCHING CDL CONTROL WIRE PURPLE - LOCK NO NO CONNECTION . MX750 WHITE - LOCK NC GREEN - LOCK COMMON ORANGE - UNLOCK NO BROWN - UNLOCK NC CUT FACTORY WIRE NO CONNECTION BLUE - UNLOCK COMMON THIS SYSTEM USES AN OPEN CIRCUIT TO LOCK AND A NEGATIVE PULSE TO UNLOCK.
Some models have the option of 2 stage unlock. This is where the 1 st press of the remote just unlocks the drivers door and a 2 nd press, within a few seconds, unlocks the remaining doors.
On models which do not include built-in relays, 2 x 5 pin relays can be used to achieve the same operation. These are sold by mongoose as a kit, MLP550, and the relays are pre-wired ready for connection. NEGATIVE TRIGGER DOOR LOCKS Door Lock Switch . .. . . Factory Door Lock Module Door Lock Motors 12 V+ Fused . 87 (-) Door Lock Trigger 87a 85 These relays may be on-board the alarm module 87 (-) Door Unlock Trigger 87a 86 30 86 30 85 POSITIVE TRIGGER DOOR LOCKS 12 v+ Door Lock Switch . ..
REVERSE POLARITY DOOR LOCKS Driver’s Side is Master Switch 12 v+ Passengers Lock Switch .. . .. . Driver’s Door Lock Switch . (-) Door Lock Trigger .. . .. . . Cut Factory Wires 12 V+ Fused These relays may be on-board the alarm module . 87 87 87a 87a 85 30 86 86 Door Lock Motors 30 (-) Door Unlock Trigger 85 MERCEDES BENZ VACUUM SYSTEM Factory Vacuum Assembly (Usually found in boot or under the back seat) 87 (-) Door Lock Trigger 87a 85 30 .
ONE WIRE DOOR LOCKS Cut Factory Wire . .. Door Lock Switch Factory Door Lock Module Door Lock Motors This relay may be on-board the alarm module 12 V+ . 87 (-) Door Lock Trigger 87a 85 30 (-) Door Unlock Trigger 86 This system uses an open circuit to lock and a negative pulse to unlock. Some systems are reversed.
ADDING AFTERMARKET DOOR SOLENOIDS These relays may be on-board the alarm module 12 V+ Fused (-) Door Lock Trigger 87 87a 85 . . 86 30 . (-) Door Unlock Trigger . 87 87a 85 . 86 30 Once again it must be stressed that if you have obtained wiring information from sources other than your own files, verify that information with a multimeter before making any connections.
Check that any additional sensors are working, and set up the sensitivity to give adequate protection without being over sensitive so that false alarms are minimised. Check that the engine immobiliser feature works. The LED should start fast flashing as soon as the ignition is turned off. It must them arm after 30 seconds. Check that the pin code override works according to the instructions. Check that the remotes operate the system from a good range.
INSTALLATION TIPS In this section we will discuss some of the various tools and devices available to the installer that will aid him/her in interfacing the alarm to the vehicle. RELAYS What is a relay? - In simplistic terms, a relay is merely a mechanical switch which is controlled by the magnetic field from an electromagnetic coil. Once you have an understanding of how a relay works their applications are only limited by your imagination.
RELAY TYPES 87 87 87 87a 86 30 85 Normally Open Single Pole Single Throw o o 30 86 o o 85 87 86 30 86 85 o o 87 30 85 Normally Open Single Pole Single Throw with Two Joined Outputs Single Pole Double Throw with Normally Open and Normally Closed Contacts 30 86 87b 87 o oo o o 30 86 85 87 87a o oo 85 87 87 86 30 85 Normally Open Single Pole Single Throw with Two Separate Outputs o o 30 86 o oo 8587 87b When making connections to the relay itself, always use covered crimp
The Recognised Name In Security Current Flow Cathode __ Current Flow Anode Cathode __ + 1N4001 Component Anode + Diagram symbol Diodes are necessary in the following applications: * Connecting two sets of switches to the same trigger input, e.g. bonnet and boot. * Flashing two separate parking light circuits with the same relay output. * Sending two different circuits control pulses while keeping them isolated from each other. * Preventing feedback through the windings of relay coils.
The Recognised Name In Security RESISTOR COLOUR CODES COLOUR Black Brown Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Violet Grey White 1ST RING 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2ND RING 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 MULTIPLIER TOLERANCE X1 X10 X100 X1000 (1K X10000 X100000 X1000000 (1M X10000000 Silver 10% Gold 5% e.g. 47K Ohm = Yellow, Violet, Orange In some central locking applications, such as Ford Probe, you will require a resistor to interface the alarm to work the central locking.
The Recognised Name In Security ALARM HOOK UP WITH TURBO TIMER Mongoose models M60 Series and M80 Series include a built-in turbo timer PLUS software to allow for the fitment of aftermarket turbo timers. This software also permits ‘courier engine run’. Connect the alarm as normal but connect the timers ignition run wire between the vehicles ignition switch and the alarms ignition immobiliser cut.
SHOCK SENSOR INPUT DELAY WITH TURBO TIMER Shock Sensor Trigger Input to Alarm . . 87 87a 85 86 True Ignition (Engine side) 1N4004 30 Shock Sensor Trigger Wire Parts required available from Dick Smith Electronics 1xSPDT Relay with 400ohm coil part# CAT P-8017 2x2200 uf 16V Electrolytic Capacitors part# CAT R-4196 1x1N4004 Diode The two capacitors will give a 3-4 second delay on the shock sensor input wire to the alarm. For more delay just add more capacitors.
MISCELLANEOUS TIPS (MECP STUDY GUIDE-SECURITY SPECIALIST) The first installation rule to remember is that the ultimate success of any security system is directly related to the quality of it’s installation. Let’s put this into perspective. If a pair of car speakers were wired “out of phase”, the problem would probably go unnoticed by the majority of your customers. This improperly installed system may just be an annoyance, nothing more serious. It may not even impact on the reputation of your company.
8) Install wires in a secure fashion so they will not be susceptible to damage from moving parts and will maintain their position over time. 9) Make sure that the proper wire gauges for the circuits and devices installed are used. 10) Test every wire connection and circuit before moving onto the next one. 11) Always confirm that the “ground” points that you select are truly “ground”. A good ground connection will measure less than 0.1 Ohm. 12) Know what wires you are tapping into.
FAULT DIAGNOSIS “The best way to understand why and how a security system operates is to try to discover why one is not.” - Eric Abyss, Sherwood Finding a fault in a security system is really a process of elimination. You need to think laterally sometimes. Ask yourself the question “Why?” at least five times and you are bound to come up with the reason why something doesn’t work, or why the alarm is falsing. It has been said that “experience is the best teacher”.
The Recognised Name In Security PROBLEM CAUSE No chirp Chirps turned off at module. Turn chirps back on as per the installation manual. Quiet siren siren CURE Faulty siren. Check earth to siren. Check wiring to siren for breaks. Alarm in valet. Turn off valet mode. Water in siren cone. Drain water, relocate or drill hole in cone. No siren output Battery back-up siren Faulty earth. Turn on battery back-up. Check earth connection. Alarm in valet mode. Take out of valet.
3 times on disarming coded into alarm. models. The Recognised Name In Security PROBLEM CAUSE CURE Siren chirps whilst driving or ignition on System in learning mode. Check programming switch is not depressed or wires shorting. Alarm falsing Sensors too sensitive. Re-adjust sensitivity. Sensors not positioned correctly. Relocate sensors. Ultra-sonic sensor falsing on windy days. Close all windows and vents. Microwave sensor falsing occasionally.
The Recognised Name In Security PROBLEM Engine disable not working CAUSE CURE Disable relay has burned contacts. Verify faulty relay and send to supplier for repair. Starter interrupt incorrectly Check wiring and rewire wired. as required. Ignition wire to alarm wired Check wiring and rewire to accessory instead of true as required. ignition. No light flash Blown fuse. Check alarm fuses and vehicle fuses. Check wiring. Indicators stay on for 15 Perimeter Nite Lite.
CURRENT DRAW TEST As we have already pointed out, it is very rare that the alarm will flatten the vehicle battery as a typical current draw of a security system is only 20-30mA. However, if the vehicle already has a current draw of say 60-100mA, then you may have a problem when adding the security system to it. A vehicle has a typical quiescent current draw of between 10-30mA. It is advisable to perform a current draw test before starting a security system installation.
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