Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway NETGEAR, Inc.
© 2003 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions. Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.
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Contents About This Manual ................................................................................................................ ix Audience ........................................................................................................................... ix Typographical Conventions .............................................................................................. ix Special Message Formats ....................................................................................
DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows 2000 ................................................. 2-11 Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP and 2000 .........................................2-14 Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account ........................................................2-15 Are Login Protocols Used? ....................................................................................2-15 What Is Your Configuration Information? .................................................
Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. D-1 What is a Router? ................................................................................................... D-2 Routing Information Protocol ................................................................................... D-2 IP Addresses and the Internet ................................................................................. D-2 Netmask ........................
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Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway About This Manual Thank your for purchasing the NETGEAR™ CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway. This manual describes the features of the gateway and provides installation and configuration instructions. Audience This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Special Message Formats This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages: Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest. Warning: This format is used to highlight information about the possibility of injury or equipment damage. Danger: This format is used to alert you that there is the potential for incurring an electrical shock if you mishandle the equipment.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Chapter 1 Hardware Overview This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway. About the CG814WG The NETGEAR CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway connects directly to the wide area network (WAN) using its built-in cable modem. It has multiple options to connect to your local area network (LAN), including a 4-port 10/100 Mbps Ethernet switch, a USB port and an 802.11g wireless Access Point.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway • Automatically detects and thwarts attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN Flood, LAND Attack and IP Spoofing. • Configurable Port Forwarding, Port Blocking, Port Triggering and DMZ provide enough flexibility for most applications. • Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway USB Port A USB connection for your computer eliminates the need for installing an Ethernet card. Protocol Support The CG814WG supports the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Appendix D, "Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics" provides further information on TCP/IP.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway • 1-4 Visual monitoring The gateway’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway What’s in the Box? The product package should contain the following items: • • • • • CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway AC power adapter Category 5 (CAT5) Ethernet cable USB cable Resource CD, including: — This manual — Application Notes, Tools, and other helpful information If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Table 1-1. LED Descriptions Test On Off A system failure has occurred. Reboot the gateway. Normal operation. Cable Link On (Green) Configuration of the cable interface by your cable service provider is complete. Configuration of the cable interface is still in progress. Off Cable On Downstream Traffic Off Data is being received from the network to the gateway on the cable interface. The cable interface is idle.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway The Gateway’s Rear Panel The rear panel of the CG814WG (Figure 1-2) contains the connections identified below. Figure 1-2: CG814WG Rear Panel Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following elements: • 802.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway 1-8 Hardware Overview
Chapter 2 Preparing Your Network This appendix describes how to prepare your network to connect to the Internet through the CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway and how to verify the readiness of broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider (ISP).
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway • • Subnet mask—255.255.255.0 Gateway address (the gateway)—192.168.0.1 These addresses are part of the IETF-designated private address range for use in private networks. Configuring Windows 98 SE and Me for TCP/IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process, you need to manually install and configure TCP/IP on each networked PC.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway You must have an Ethernet adapter, the TCP/IP protocol, and Client for Microsoft Networks. Note: It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter, TCP/IP, or Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need to install a new adapter, follow these steps: a. Click the Add button. b. Select Adapter, and then click Add. c.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway If you need Client for Microsoft Networks: 3. a. Click the Add button. b. Select Client, and then click Add. c. Select Microsoft. d. Select Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK. Restart your PC for the changes to take effect. Enabling DHCP After the TCP/IP protocol components are installed, each PC must be assigned specific information about itself and resources that are available on its network.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Verify the following settings as shown: • Client for Microsoft Network exists • Ethernet adapter is present • TCP/IP is present • Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Click on the Properties button. The following TCP/IP Properties window will display.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway By default, the IP Address tab is open on this window. Verify the following: • Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. If not selected, click in the radio button to the left of it to select it. This setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address. • Click OK to continue. • Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway 2. Type winipcfg, and then click OK. The IP Configuration window opens, which lists (among other things), your IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. 3. From the drop-down box, select your Ethernet adapter. The window is updated to show your settings, which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP/IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway: • The IP address is between 192.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP or 2000 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP/IP. The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows. DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon. 2-8 • Select Control Panel from the Windows XP new Start Menu.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Now the Network Connection window displays. The Connections List that shows all the network connections set up on the PC, located to the right of the window. • Right-click on the Connection with the wireless icon and choose Status. Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window. This box displays the connection status, duration, speed, and activity statistics.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway The TCP/IP details are presented on the Support tab page. • 2-10 Select Internet Protocol, and click Properties to view the configuration information.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Verify that the Obtain an IP address automatically radio button is selected. • Verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically radio button is selected. • Click the OK button. This completes the DHCP configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway • Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop. This will bring up a window called Network and Dial-up Connections. • Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties. The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears. • Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using: box.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway • With Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) selected, click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialogue box. Verify that – Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. – Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected. • Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties. • Click OK again to complete the configuration process for Windows 2000. • Restart the PC.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP and 2000 To check your PC’s TCP/IP configuration: 1. On the Windows taskbar, click the Start button, and then click Run. The Run window opens. 2. Type cmd and then click OK. A command window opens 3.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account For broadband access to the Internet, you need to contract with an Internet service provider (ISP) for a single-user Internet access account using a cable modem or DSL modem. This modem must be a separate physical box (not a card) and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway • An IP address and subnet mask • A gateway IP address, which is the address of the ISP’s router • One or more domain name server (DNS) IP addresses • Host name and domain suffix For example, your account’s full server names may look like this: mail.xxx.yyy.com In this example, the domain suffix is xxx.yyy.com. If any of these items are dynamically supplied by the ISP, your gateway automatically acquires them.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway If an IP address appears under Installed Gateways, write down the address. This is the ISP’s gateway address. Select the address and then click Remove to remove the gateway address. 6. Select the DNS Configuration tab. If any DNS server addresses are shown, write down the addresses. If any information appears in the Host or Domain information box, write it down. Click Disable DNS. 7.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway 2-18 Preparing Your Network
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Appendix A Troubleshooting This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway. For the common problems listed, go to the section indicated. • Is the gateway on? • Have I connected the gateway correctly? Go to “Basic Functions” on page A-1. • I can’t access the gateway’s configuration with my browser. Go to “Troubleshooting the ISP Connection” on page A-3.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway – The Internet Link port LED is lit. If any of these conditions does not occur, refer to the appropriate following section. Power LED Not On If the Power and other LEDs are off when your gateway is turned on: • Make sure that the power cord is properly connected to your gateway and that the power supply adapter is properly connected to a functioning power outlet.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Cable Link LED Not On If the Cable Link LED does not light when connected to your cable television cable, check the following: • Make sure that the coaxial cable connections are secure at the gateway and at the wall jack. • Make sure that your cable internet service has been provisioned by your cable service provider. Your provider should verify that the signal quality is good enough for cable modem service.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway ping 192.168.0.1 3. Click on OK. You should see a message like this one: Pinging with 32 bytes of data If the path is working, you see this message: Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx If the path is not working, you see this message: Request timed out If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems: • Wrong physical connections — Make sure the LAN port LED is on.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway — Check that your PC has the IP address of your gateway listed as the default gateway. If the IP configuration of your PC is assigned by DHCP, this information will not be visible in your PC’s Network Control Panel. Verify that the IP address of the gateway is listed as the default gateway as described in “DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows 2000 ” on page 2-11.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway A-6 Troubleshooting
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Appendix B Glossary 10BASE-T IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. 100BASE-Tx IEEE 802.3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. 802.11b, 802.11g IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps (802.11b) and 54 Mbps (802.11g) using direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5GHz.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway IETF Internet Engineering Task Force. An open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet. Working groups of the IETF propose standard protocols and procedures for the Internet, which are published as RFCs (Request for Comment) at www.ietf.org. IP Internet Protocol.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway packet A block of information sent over a network. A packet typically contains a source and destination network address, some protocol and length information, a block of data, and a checksum. PPP See Point-to-Point Protocol. Point-to-Point Protocol PPP. A protocol allowing a computer using TCP/IP to connect directly to the Internet. RFC Request For Comment.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway B-4 Glossary
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Appendix C Configuring Wireless Security in Windows XP This section describes how to configure basic wireless security on your Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) when using Windows XP. Note: Indoors, computers can easily connect to 802.11 wireless networks at distances of several hundred feet. Because walls do not always block wireless signals, others outside your immediate area could access your network.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Two Basic Operating Modes The CG814WG Gateway, like all 802.11 adapters, can operate in the following two basic modes: • Infrastructure Mode: An 802.11 networking framework in which devices and computers communicate with each other by first going through an access point (AP).
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway CG814WG Default Wireless Configuration Settings If this is a new wireless network installation, use the factory default settings to set up the network and verify wireless connectivity. If this is an addition to an existing wireless network, you will need to identify the wireless configuration and security parameters already defined.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Basic Installation Instructions Use the procedure below that corresponds to the version of Windows you are using. For Windows XP Users Installing a CG814WG Install the CG814WG driver and configuration utility software. a. Power on your notebook, let the operating system boot up completely, and log in as needed. b. Insert the Resource CD for the CG814WG into your CD-ROM drive. The CD main page shown at the right will load. c.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Install the CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway. a. Locate an available CardBus slot on the side of your notebook. Hold the PC Card with the Netgear logo facing up and insert it into the CardBus slot. The Found New Hardware Wizard is displayed. b. Click Next and follow the prompts to proceed. Click Continue Anyway if you are prompted with a Windows XP Logo testing message.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Configure your CG814WG. a. Right click on the network icon in the Windows XP system tray to open the network options menu. b. Click on the View Available Wireless Networks menu item. c. If there is more than one wireless network in your vicinity, click on the one to which you will connect. d. Click on the “Allow me to connect to the selected wireless network even though this is not secure” check box. e. Click Connect.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Verify wireless connectivity to your network. a. Open the CG814WG utility by clicking on the icon in the Windows system tray. Note: When the Windows XP wireless configuration utility is enabled (the default), only these two tab pages appear. To use the full Netgear utility, please see uncheck the “Use Windows to configure your wireless network in the properties of the wireless adapter. b.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Wireless Connection Indicators The NETGEAR wireless adapters provide the indicators which give you feedback on the status of your wireless connection: • • LEDs on the wireless adapter indicate the condition of wireless link. The color of the SysTray icon is on the System Tray portion of the taskbar in the Microsoft Windows desktop indicates the status of the connection. Interpreting the LED on the CG814WG These LEDs are described below.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Interpreting System Tray Icon Colors The System Tray (SysTray) resides on one end of the taskbar in the Microsoft Windows desktop. Color Condition Description Red The wireless PC Card has no connection to any other wireless node. The wireless PC Card is not able to link to any other wireless node or the link is lost. Check your configuration or try moving to a location where the wireless signal quality is better.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Basic Troubleshooting Tips If you have problems connected to your wireless network, try the tips below. Symptom Cause Solution The PC Card LINK LED is not lit. The wireless adapter is not inserted into the slot properly or its software is not loaded. Remove and reinsert the wireless adapter. Check the Windows device manager to see if the PC Card is recognized and enabled. Reload the wireless adapter software, if necessary.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Appendix D Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and firewalls. Related Publications As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway What is a Router? A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router. In these routing tables, a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network. Using this information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer. In addition, the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts. The first part of the address identifies the network, and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network. The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application. There are five standard classes of IP addresses.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway • Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network. Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node. They are in this range: 192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x. • Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts (messages sent to many hosts). Class D addresses are in this range: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. • Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway As a shorter alternative to dotted-decimal notation, the netmask may also be expressed in terms of the number of ones from the left. This number is appended to the IP address, following a backward slash (/), as “/n.” In the example, the address could be written as 192.168.170.237/24, indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network numbers, you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address. For instance, to partition a Class C network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one bit from the host address to the network address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is 255.255.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Table D-2. Netmask Formats 255.255.255.0 /24 255.255.255.128 /25 255.255.255.192 /26 255.255.255.224 /27 255.255.255.240 /28 255.255.255.248 /29 255.255.255.252 /30 255.255.255.254 /31 255.255.255.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Private IP addresses assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.1 172.21.15.105 Internet 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.5 7786EA Figure D-3: Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall-like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection. All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway If a device sends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded, ARP is used. An ARP request is broadcast onto the network. All stations on the network receive and read the request. The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request. All other stations discard the request.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP-based local area network is installed, each PC must be configured with an IP address. If the PCs need to access the Internet, they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addresses. As an alternative to manual configuration, there is a method by which each PC on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway Stateful Packet Inspection Unlike simple Internet sharing routers, a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and intrusions. Since user-level applications such as FTP and Web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic, it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection “states.
Hardware Manual for the Model CG814WG Wireless Cable Modem Gateway transmit pair must be exchanged with the receive pair. This exchange is done by one of two mechanisms. Most hubs provide an Uplink switch which will exchange the pairs on one port, allowing that port to be connected to another hub using a normal Ethernet cable. The second method is to use a crossover cable, which is a special cable in which the transmit and receive pairs are exchanged at one of the two cable connectors.
