Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G NETGEAR, Inc.
© 2005 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung. Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.
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Contents Chapter 1 About This Manual Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats ................................................................1-1 How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................1-2 How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3 Chapter 2 Introduction About the Router ...........................................................................
Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters? .........................................3-3 Record Your Internet Connection Information ..........................................................3-3 Connecting the DG834G to Your LAN ............................................................................3-5 How to Connect the Router ......................................................................................3-5 Auto-Detecting Your Internet Connection Type ................................
Chapter 5 Protecting Your Network Protecting Access to Your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router .............................5-1 How to Change the Built-In Password .....................................................................5-1 Changing the Administrator Login Timeout ..............................................................5-2 Configuring Basic Firewall Services ...............................................................................5-2 Blocking Keywords, Sites, and Services ........
Examples of Log Messages ...................................................................................6-12 Activation and Administration ..........................................................................6-12 Dropped Packets .............................................................................................6-12 Enabling Security Event E-mail Notification .................................................................6-13 Running Diagnostic Utilities and Rebooting the Router ........
Step 1: Configuring the Client-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel on the DG834G ................8-7 Step 2: Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC .........8-12 How to Set Up a Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Configuration ..........................................8-20 VPN Tunnel Control ......................................................................................................8-27 Activating a VPN Tunnel ........................................................................................
Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ........................................................9-9 Using the Reset button .............................................................................................9-9 Problems with Date and Time .........................................................................................9-9 Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Network and Routing Basics Related Publications ...................................................................
Verifying TCP/IP Properties .................................................................................... C-6 Configuring Windows NT4, 2000 or XP for IP Networking ............................................ C-7 Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components ....................................... C-7 DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4 ...................................... C-8 DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP ...................................................
What are the Key Features of WPA Security? ...................................................... D-10 WPA Authentication: Enterprise-level User Authentication via 802.1x/EAP and RADIUS .................................................. D-12 WPA Data Encryption Key Management ........................................................ D-14 Is WPA Perfect? .................................................................................................... D-16 Product Support for WPA ...........................
Step-By-Step Configuration ......................................................................................F-2 DG834G with FQDN to FVL328 .....................................................................................F-6 Configuration Profile .................................................................................................F-6 The Use of a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) .........................................F-7 Step-By-Step Configuration ....................................
xiv Contents 202-10006-05, June 2005
Chapter 1 About This Manual This chapter describes the intended audience, scope, conventions, and formats of this manual. Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices and on the Netgear website. This guide uses the following typographical conventions: Table 1-1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Use This Manual The HTML version of this manual includes the following: • Buttons, at a time and , for browsing forwards or backwards through the manual one page • A button that displays the table of contents and an button. Double-click on a link in the table of contents or index to navigate directly to where the topic is described in the manual. • A product model.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Print this Manual To print this manual you can choose one of the following several options, according to your needs. • Printing a Page in the HTML View. Each page in the HTML version of the manual is dedicated to a major topic. Use the Print button on the browser toolbar to print the page contents. • Printing a Chapter. Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top left of any page.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 1-4 About This Manual 202-10006-05, June 2005
Chapter 2 Introduction This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router. The DG834G wireless router is a combination of a built-in ADSL modem, router, 4-port switch, and firewall which enables your entire network to safely share an Internet connection that otherwise is used by a single computer.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Easy, Web-based setup for installation and management • Extensive Internet protocol support • Trustworthy VPN Communications over the Internet • VPN Wizard for easy VPN configuration • Content filtering • Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink™ LAN Ethernet connections These features are discussed below.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Support for Wi-Fi Protected Access Pre-Shared Key (WPA-PSK) encryption and 802.1x authentication • Wireless access can be restricted by MAC address Easy Installation and Management You can install, configure, and operate the DG834G within minutes after connecting it to the network.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • The Ability to Enable or Disable IP Address Sharing by NAT The DG834G allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider (ISP). This technique, known as Network Address Translation (NAT), allows the use of an inexpensive single-user ISP account.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Virtual Private Networking (VPN) The DG834G wireless router provides a secure encrypted connection between your local area network (LAN) and remote networks or clients. It includes the following VPN features: • Supports 8 VPN connections.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • • • • • • • AC power adapter (varies by region) Category 5 (Cat 5) Ethernet cable Telephone cable Microfilters (quantity and type vary by region) Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Resource CD, including: — This guide — Application Notes A printed Quick Installation Guide Warranty and Support Information cards If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 2-1. LED Descriptions Label Activity Description Power On Off Power is supplied to the router. Power is not supplied to the router. Test On Off The system is initializing. The system is ready and running. Internet Blink -- Amber On -- Green Blink -- Green Indicates ADSL training. The Internet port has detected a link with an attached device. Data is being transmitted or received by the Internet port.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following elements: • AC power adapter outlet • Four Local Ethernet RJ-45 LAN ports for connecting the router to the local computers • Factory Default Reset push button • ADSL port for connecting the router to an ADSL line • Wireless antenna 2-8 Introduction 202-10006-05, June 2005
Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet This chapter describes how to set up the router on your Local Area Network (LAN) and connect to the Internet. It describes how to configure your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router for Internet access using the Setup Wizard, or how to manually configure your Internet connection. What You Need Before You Begin You need to prepare the following before you can establish an Internet connection through your router: 1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Each device such as a telephone, fax machine, answering machine, or caller ID display will require an ADSL microfilter. Note: Do not connect the DG834G to the ADSL line through a microfilter unless the microfilter is a combination microfilter/splitter specifically designed for this purpose. Doing so will prevent the built-in ADSL modem in the DG834G from establishing a connection to the Internet.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Internet Configuration Requirements Depending on how your ISP set up your Internet account, you need one or more of these configuration parameters to connect your router to the Internet: • Virtual Path Identifier (VPI)/Virtual Channel Indentifier (VCI) parameters • Multiplexing Method • Host and Domain Names • ISP Login Name and Password • ISP Domain Name Server (DNS) Addresses • Fixed or Static IP Address Where Do I Get the In
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G ISP Multiplexing Method and Virtual Circuit Number: The default settings of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router will work fine for most ISPs. However, some ISPs use a specific Multiplexing Method or a Virtual Circuit Number for either the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) or Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI).
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Connecting the DG834G to Your LAN This section provides instructions for connecting the DG834G wireless router. Note: The Resource CD included with your router contains an animated Installation Assistant to help you through this procedure. How to Connect the Router There are four steps to connecting your firewall: 1. Install ADSL filters on the phone lines. 2. Connect the router to the ADSL filter. 3. Log in to the router. 4.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G . Phone DSL Line A Figure 3-4: Connecting an ADSL microfilter and phone Note: To use a one-line filter with a separate splitter, insert the splitter into the phone outlet, connect the one-line filter to the splitter, and connect the phone to the filter. 2. CONNECT THE DG834G TO THE ADSL FILTER. Note: Improperly connecting a filter to your DG834G wireless router will block your ADSL connection. a. Turn off your computer. b.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G c. Connect the Ethernet cable (C) from your DG834G’s LAN port to the Ethernet adapter in your computer. Phone DSL Line C 54 Mbps Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 3-6: Connecting a computer to the DG834G wireless router Note: The DG834G wireless router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3. LOG IN TO THE DG834G. Note: Your computer needs to be configured for DHCP. For instructions on configuring for DHCP, please see Appendix C, “Preparing Your Network”. a. Connect to the router by typing http://192.168.0.1 in the address field of Internet Explorer or Netscape® Navigator. Figure 3-7: Connect to the router A login window opens as shown below: Figure 3-8: Login window b.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 3-9: Setup Wizard 4. CONNECT TO THE INTERNET The router is now properly attached to your network. You are now ready to configure your router to connect to the Internet. There are two ways you can configure your router to connect to the Internet: a. Let the DG834G auto-detect the type of Internet connection you have and configure it. See “Auto-Detecting Your Internet Connection Type” on page 3-9 for instructions. b.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: If instead of the Setup Wizard menu, the main menu of the router’s Configuration Manager as shown in Figure 3-15 appears, click the Setup Wizard link in the upper left to bring up this menu. 2. You must select a country and language. Language choices are English, French, German, and Italian. After you change the language, the remaining setup screens change to the language of your choice. 3.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 3-10: Setup Wizard menu for PPPoE login accounts Enter the PPPoE login user name and password. Wizard-Detected PPPoA Login Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses a login protocol such as PPP over ATM (PPPoA), you will be directed to the PPPoA page shown in Figure 3-11 below: Figure 3-11: Setup Wizard menu for PPPoA login accounts Enter your login user name and password.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 3-12: Setup Wizard menu for Dynamic IP address Click Apply to set Dynamic IP as the connection method. Wizard-Detected IP Over ATM Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses IP over ATM Classical IP assignment (RFC1577), you will be directed to the page shown in Figure 3-13 below: Figure 3-13: Setup Wizard menu for IP over ATM (Classical IP) address 1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 4. Click the Test button to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR Web site does not appear within one minute, refer to Chapter 9, “Troubleshooting”. Wizard-Detected Fixed IP (Static) Account Setup If the router determines that your Internet service account uses Fixed IP assignment, you will be directed to the page shown in Figure 3-14 below: Figure 3-14: Setup Wizard menu for Fixed IP address 1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5. Click Apply to save the settings. 6. Click the Test button to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR Web site does not appear within one minute, refer to Chapter 9, “Troubleshooting”. Testing Your Internet Connection After completing the Internet connection configuration, your can test your Internet connection. Log in to the router, then, from the Basic Settings link in the Setup menu, click the Test button.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G ISP Does Not Require Login ISP Does Require Login Figure 3-15: Basic Settings menu How to Perform Manual Configuration We recommend that you start the manual configuration from the Setup Wizard: 1. Select your country and language. Language choices are English, French, German, and Italian. After you change the language, the remaining setup screens change to the language of your choice. 2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • 6. Internet Connection Does Not Require a Login Usually the default ADSL Settings work fine for most ISPs and you can skip this step. If you have any problems with your connection, check the ADSL Settings. See “ADSL Settings” on page 3-19 for more details. Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoE 1. If your Internet connection does require login, select Yes and fill in the settings according to the instructions below.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: Disabling NAT will reboot the router and reset all the DG834G configuration settings to the factory default. Disable NAT only if you plan to install the DG834G in a setting where you will be manually administering the IP address space on the LAN side of the router. Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoA 1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Internet Connection Does Note Require A Login 1. If your Internet connection does not require a login, select No and fill in the settings according to the instructions below. 2. Enter your Account Name (may also be called Host Name) and Domain Name. These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP’s mail or news servers. 3. Internet IP Address: 4.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 6. Router MAC Address: This section determines the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the router on the Internet port. Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your computer when your account is first opened. They will then only accept traffic from the MAC address of that computer. This feature allows your router to masquerade as that computer by “cloning” its MAC address.
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Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the wireless features of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router. Considerations for a Wireless Network In planning your wireless network, you should consider the level of security required. You should also select the physical placement of your router in order to maximize the network speed. For further information, refer to Appendix D, “Wireless Networking Basics”.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The time it takes to establish a wireless connection can vary depending on both your security settings and placement. WEP connections can take slightly longer to establish. Also, WEP encryption can consume more battery power on a notebook computer. Implement Appropriate Wireless Security Note: Indoors, computers can connect over 802.11g wireless networks at a maximum range of up to 300 feet.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • • • Turn Off the Broadcast of the Wireless Network Name SSID. If you disable broadcast of the SSID, only devices that have the correct SSID can connect. This nullifies wireless network ‘discovery’ feature of some products, such as Windows XP, but the data is still exposed. WEP. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption provides data security.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 4-2: Wireless Settings menu The following parameters are in the Wireless Settings menu: • Wireless Network. — Name (SSID). The Service Set ID, also known as the wireless network name. Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters. The same Name (SSID) must be assigned to all wireless devices in your network. The default SSID is NETGEAR, but NETGEAR strongly recommends that you change your network Name to a different value.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: This value is case sensitive. For example, Wireless is not the same as wireless. — Region. Select your region from the drop-down list. This field displays the region of operation for which the wireless interface is intended. It may not be legal to operate the router in a region other than the region shown here. — Channel. This field determines which operating frequency will be used.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Security Options Table 4-1. Wireless Security Options Field Description Disable Wireless security is not used. WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) You can select the following WEP options: Authentication Type • Open: the DG834G does not perform any authentication. • Shared: WEP shared key authentication. For a full explanation of WEP shared key, see “Authentication and WEP Data Encryption” on page D-2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 4-1. Field Wireless Security Options Description WPA-PSK WPA Pre-Shared-Key uses a pre-shared key to perform the authentication and generate (Wi-Fi Protected the initial data encryption keys. Then, it dynamically varies the encryption key. For a full Access explanation of WPA, see “WPA Wireless Security” on page D-8. Pre-Shared Key) Note: Not all wireless adapters support WPA. Furthermore, client software is required on the client.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5. Set the Channel. The default channel is 11. This field determines which operating frequency will be used. It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby wireless router or access point. Select a channel that is not being used by any other wireless networks within several hundred feet of your firewall.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 4-3: Wireless Access Point settings Restricting Access to Your Network by Turning Off Wireless Connectivity You can completely turn off the wireless portion of the DG834G. For example, if your notebook computer is used to wirelessly connect to your router and you take a business trip, you can turn off the wireless portion of the router while you are traveling.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 4-4. Wireless Access menu 3. Select the Turn Access Control On check box to enable restricting wireless computers by their MAC addresses. 4. If the wireless station is currently connected to the network, you can select it from the Available Wireless Stations list. Click Add to add the station to the Trusted Wireless Stations list. 5. If the wireless station is not currently connected, you can enter its address manually.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: If you are configuring the router from a wireless computer whose MAC address is not in the Trusted Wireless Stations list, and you select Trusted Wireless Stations only, you will lose your wireless connection when you click Apply. You must then access the router from a wired computer to make any further changes. 6. Make sure the Turn Access Control On check box is selected, then click Apply.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • • • Automatic Open System Shared key Note: The authentication scheme is separate from the data encryption. You can choose an authentication scheme which requires a shared key but still leave the data transmissions unencrypted. If you require strong security, use both the Shared Key and WEP encryption settings. Set your wireless adapter according to the authentication scheme you choose for the DG834G wireless router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Configure WEP To configure WEP data encryption, follow these steps: 1. Log in to the DG834G firewall at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default user name of admin and default password of password, or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up. 2. Click the Wireless Settings link in the main menu of the DG834G router. 3. Go to the Security Encryption portion of the page: Figure 4-6.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 8. Click Apply to save your settings. Note: When configuring the router from a wireless computer, if you configure WEP settings, you will lose your wireless connection when you click Apply. You must then either configure your wireless adapter to match the router WEP settings or access the router from a wired computer to make any further changes. How to Configure WPA-PSK Note: Not all wireless adapters support WPA.
Chapter 5 Protecting Your Network This chapter describes how to use the basic firewall features of the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router to protect your network. Protecting Access to Your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. Also, after a period of inactivity for a set length of time, the administrator login will automatically disconnect. When prompted, enter admin for the router User Name and password for the router Password.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 5-2: Set Password menu 3. To change the password, first enter the old password, and then enter the new password twice. 4. Click Apply to save your changes. Note: After changing the password, you will be required to log in again to continue the configuration. If you have backed up the router settings previously, you should do a new backup so that the saved settings file includes the new password.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Blocking Keywords, Sites, and Services The router provides a variety of options for blocking Internet based content and communications services. With its content filtering feature, the DG834G wireless router prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs. The router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 5-3: Block Sites menu 3. To enable keyword blocking, select one of the following: • Per Schedule—to turn on keyword blocking according to the settings on the Schedule page. • Always—to turn on keyword blocking all of the time, independent of the Schedule page. Enter a keyword or domain in the Keyword box, click Add Keyword, then click Apply.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 7. Click Apply to save your settings. Firewall Rules Firewall rules are used to block or allow specific traffic passing through from one side of the router to the other. Inbound rules (WAN to LAN) restrict access by outsiders to private resources, selectively allowing only specific outside users to access specific resources. Outbound rules (LAN to WAN) determine what outside resources local users can have access to.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • • • To edit an existing rule, select its button on the left side of the table and click Edit. To delete an existing rule, select its button on the left side of the table and click Delete. To move an existing rule to a different position in the table, select its button on the left side of the table and click Move. At the script prompt, enter the number of the desired new position and click OK.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 5-5: Rule example: A Local Public Web Server The parameters are: • Service From this list, select the application or service to be allowed or blocked. The list already displays many common services, but you are not limited to these choices. Use the Services menu to add any additional services or applications that do not already appear. • Action Choose how you want this type of traffic to be handled.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Log You can select whether the traffic will be logged. The choices are: – Never — no log entries will be made for this service. – Always — any traffic for this service type will be logged. – Match — traffic of this type which matches the parameters and action will be logged. – Not match — traffic of this type which does not match the parameters and action will be logged.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • If the IP address of the local server computer is assigned by DHCP, it may change when the computer is rebooted. To avoid this, use the Reserved IP address feature in the LAN IP menu to keep the computer’s IP address constant. • Local computers must access the local server using the computer’s local LAN address (192.168.0.11 in the example in Figure 5-6 above).
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 5-7: Rule example: Blocking Instant Messenger The parameters are: • Service From this list, select the application or service to be allowed or blocked. The list already displays many common services, but you are not limited to these choices. Use the Add Custom Service feature to add any additional services or applications that do not already appear. • Action Choose how you want this type of traffic to be handled.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • • WAN Users These settings determine which packets are covered by the rule, based on their destination WAN IP address. Select the desired option: – Any — all IP addresses are covered by this rule. – Address range —if this option is selected, you must enter the Start and Finish fields. – Single address — enter the required address in the Start field. Log You can select whether the traffic will be logged.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G For any traffic attempting to pass through the firewall, the packet information is subjected to the rules in the order shown in the Rules Table, beginning at the top and proceeding to the default rules at the bottom. In some cases, the order of precedence of two or more rules may be important in determining the disposition of a packet. The Move button allows you to relocate a defined rule to a new position in the table.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3. • To create a new Service, click the Add Custom Service button. • To edit an existing Service, select its button on the left side of the table and click Edit Service. • To delete an existing Service, select its button on the left side of the table and click Delete Service. Use the page shown below to define or edit a service. Figure 5-10: Add Services menu 4. Click Apply to save your changes.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 5-11: Schedule Services menu 3. Select your Time Zone. This setting will be used for the blocking schedule according to your local time zone and for time-stamping log entries. Select the Adjust for daylight savings time check box if your time zone is currently in daylight savings time.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. Select the Schedule link of the Security menu to display menu shown above in the Schedule Services menu. 3. To block Internet services based on a schedule, select Every Day or select one or more days. If you want to limit access completely for the selected days, select All Day. Otherwise, to limit access during certain times for the selected days, enter Start Blocking and End Blocking times.
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Chapter 6 Managing Your Network This chapter describes how to perform network management tasks with your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router. Backing Up, Restoring, or Erasing Your Settings The configuration settings of the DG834G wireless router are stored in a configuration file in the router. This file can be backed up to your computer, restored, or reverted to factory default settings. The procedures below explain how to do these tasks. How to Back Up the Configuration to a File 1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 4. Store the .cfg file on a computer on your network. How to Restore the Configuration from a File 1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router. 2. From the Maintenance heading of the Main Menu, select the Settings Backup menu as seen in Figure 6-1. 3.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Upgrade the Router Firmware Note: NETGEAR recommends that you back up your configuration before doing a firmware upgrade. After the upgrade is complete, you may need to restore your configuration settings. 1. Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR. The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the router must support HTTP uploads. NETGEAR recommends using Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Network Management Information The DG834G provides a variety of status and usage information which is discussed below. Viewing Router Status and Usage Statistics From the Main Menu, under Maintenance, select Router Status to view the screen in Figure 6-3. Figure 6-3: Router Status screen The Router Status menu provides status and usage information.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 6-1. Menu 3.2 - Router Status Fields Field Description Account Name The Host Name assigned to the router in the Basic Settings menu. Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version. ADSL Port These parameters apply to the Internet (ADSL) port of the router. MAC Address This field displays the Ethernet MAC address being used by the Internet (ADSL) port of the router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 6-4: Router Statistics screen This screen shows the following statistics:. Table 6-1. Router Statistics Fields Field Description WAN, LAN, or Serial Port The statistics for the WAN (Internet), LAN (local), and Serial ports. For each port, the screen displays: Status The link status of the port. TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 6-5: Connection Status screen for Dynamic IP Clicking the Renew button updates the status information. This screen shows the following statistics: Table 6-1. Connection Status Fields for Dynamic IP Field Description IP Address The IP Address assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider. Subnet Mask The Network Mask assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G An alternate view of the Connection Status screen is shown in Figure 6-6 below: Figure 6-6: Connection Status screen for PPPoA Clicking the Renew button updates the status information. This screen shows the following statistics: Table 6-1. Connection Status Fields for PPPoA Field Description Connection Time The time elapsed since the last connection to the Internet via the ADSL port. Connecting to Sender The connection status.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Viewing Attached Devices The Attached Devices menu contains a table of all IP devices that the router has discovered on the local network. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Attached Devices to view the table, shown in Figure 6-7: Figure 6-7: Attached Devices menu For each device, the table shows the IP address, Device Name if available, and the Ethernet MAC address.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 6-8: Security Logs menu Log entries are described in Table 6-1 below: 6-10 Managing Your Network 202-10006-05, June 2005
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 6-1. Security Log entry descriptions Field Description Date and Time The date and time the log entry was recorded. Description or Action The type of event and what action was taken if any. Source IP The IP address of the initiating device for this log entry.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Saving Log Files on a Server You can choose to write the logs to a computer running a syslog program. To activate this feature, select to Broadcast on Lan or enter the IP address of the server where the Syslog file will be written. Examples of Log Messages Following are examples of log messages.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Enabling Security Event E-mail Notification In order to receive logs and alerts by e-mail, you must provide your e-mail information in the E-mail subheading: Figure 6-9: E-mail menu • Turn e-mail notification on. Select this check box if you want to receive e-mail logs and alerts from the router. • Send alerts and logs via email. Enter the name or IP address of your ISP’s outgoing (SMTP) mail server (such as mail.myISP.com).
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If the Weekly, Daily or Hourly option is selected and the log fills up before the specified period, the log is automatically e-mailed to the specified e-mail address. After the log is sent, it is cleared from the router’s memory. If the router cannot e-mail the log file, the log buffer may fill up. In this case, the router overwrites the log and discards its contents.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Enabling Remote Management Using the Remote Management page, you can allow a user or users on the Internet to configure, upgrade and check the status of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router. Note: Be sure to change the router's default password to a very secure password. The ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language, and should be a mixture of letters (both upper and lower case), numbers, and symbols.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G When accessing your router from the Internet, you will type your router's WAN IP address in your browser's Address (in IE) or Location (in Netscape) box, followed by a colon (:) and the custom port number. For example, if your external address is 134.177.0.123 and you use port number 8080, enter in your browser: http://134.177.0.123:8080 Note: In this case, the http:// must be included in the address.
Chapter 7 Advanced Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: For security reasons, you should avoid using the Default DMZ Server feature. When a computer is designated as the Default DMZ Server, it loses much of the protection of the firewall, and is exposed to many exploits from the Internet. If compromised, the computer can be used to attack your network.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Connect Automatically, as Required Normally, this option should be enabled, so that an Internet connection will be made automatically, whenever Internet-bound traffic is detected. If this causes high connection costs, you can disable this setting. If disabled, you must connect manually, using the sub-screen accessed from the "Connection Status" button on the Status screen. If you have an "Always on" connection, this setting has no effect.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G These addresses are part of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)-designated private address range for use in private networks, and should be suitable in most applications. If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme, you can make those changes in this menu. Figure 7-2: LAN IP Setup Menu The LAN TCP/IP Setup parameters are: • IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • RIP Version This controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the router sends. It recognizes both formats when receiving. By default, this is set for RIP-1. — RIP-1 is universally supported. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you have an unusual network setup. — RIP-2 carries more information. Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M send the routing data in RIP-2 format. — RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • An IP Address from the range you have defined • Subnet Mask • Gateway IP Address is the router’s LAN IP address • Primary DNS Server, if you entered a Primary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu; otherwise, the router’s LAN IP address • Secondary DNS Server, if you entered a Secondary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu • WINS Server, short for Windows Internet Naming Service Server, determines the IP address associated
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Configure LAN TCP/IP Settings 1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router. 2. From the Main Menu, under Advanced, click the LAN IP Setup link to view the menu, shown in Figure 7-3: . Figure 7-3: LAN IP Setup Menu 3.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The router contains a client that can connect to a dynamic DNS service provider. To use this feature, you must select a service provider and obtain an account with them. After you have configured your account information in the router, whenever your ISP-assigned IP address changes, your router will automatically contact your dynamic DNS service provider, log in to your account, and register your new IP address.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 7. Type the User Name for your dynamic DNS account. 8. Type the Password (or key) for your dynamic DNS account. 9. If your dynamic DNS provider allows the use of wildcards in resolving your URL, you can select the Use wildcards check box to activate this feature. For example, the wildcard feature will cause *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org 10. Click Apply to save your configuration.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G In this case you must define a static route, telling your router that 134.177.0.0 should be accessed through the ISDN router at 192.168.0.100. The static route would look like Figure 7-6. In this example: • The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134.177.x.x addresses.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3. To add or edit a Static Route: a. Click the Edit button to open the Edit Menu, shown in Figure 7-6. Figure 7-6: Static Route Entry and Edit Menu 4. b. Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table. This is for identification purpose only. c. Select Private if you want to limit access to the LAN only. The static route will not be reported in RIP. d. Select Active to make this route effective. e.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) helps devices, such as Internet appliances and computers, access the network and connect to other devices as needed. UPnP devices can automatically discover the services from other registered UPnP devices on the network. 1. Click UPnP on the main menu to invoke the UPnP menu: Figure 7-7: Universal Plug and Play menu 2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • 3. UPnP Portmap Table: The UPnP Portmap Table displays the IP address of each UPnP device that is currently accessing the Router and which ports (Internal and External) that device has opened. The UPnP Portmap Table also displays what type of port is opened and if that port is still active for each IP address. To save, cancel or refresh the table: a. Click Apply to save the new settings to the Router. b.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 7-14 Advanced Configuration 202-10006-05, June 2005
Chapter 8 Virtual Private Networking (Advanced Feature) This chapter describes how to use the virtual private networking (VPN) features of the DG834G wireless router. VPN communications paths are called tunnels. VPN tunnels provide secure, encrypted communications between your local network and a remote network or computer.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Overview of VPN Configuration Two common scenarios for configuring VPN tunnels are between a remote personal computer and a network gateway and between two or more network gateways. The DG834G supports both of these types of VPN configurations. The DG834G wireless router supports up to five concurrent tunnels.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G DG834G VPN Firewall VPN Tunnel A DG834G VPN Firewall B PCs PCs Figure 8-2: Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel A VPN between two or more NETGEAR VPN-enabled routers is a good way to connect branch or home offices and business partners over the Internet. VPN tunnels also enable access to network resources across the Internet. In this case, use DG834Gs on each end of the tunnel to form the VPN tunnel end points.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 8-1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • What method will you use to configure your VPN tunnels? — The VPN Wizard using VPNC defaults (see Table 8-2) — The typical automated Internet Key Exchange (IKE) setup (see “Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels” on page 8-36) — A Manual Keying setup in which you must specify each phase of the connection (see “Using Manual Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels” on page 8-48)? Table 8-2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Tunnel Configuration There are two tunnel configurations and three ways to configure them: • Use the VPN Wizard to configure a VPN tunnel (recommended for most situations): — See “How to Set Up a Client-to-Gateway VPN Configuration” on page 8-6. — See “How to Set Up a Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Configuration” on page 8-20.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 22.23.24.25 VPN Tunnel DG834G 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1 PC (Running NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client) PCs Figure 8-3: Client-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel Step 1: Configuring the Client-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel on the DG834G Note: This section uses the VPN Wizard to set up the VPN tunnel using the VPNC default parameters listed in Table 8-2 on page 8-5.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The worksheet below identifies the parameters used in the following procedure. A blank worksheet is at “Planning a VPN” on page 8-3. Table 8-3.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-4: VPN Wizard Start Screen 2. Fill in the Connection Name and the pre-shared key, select the type of target end point, and click Next to proceed. Note: The Connection Name is arbitrary and not relevant to how the configuration functions. Enter the new Connection Name: (e.g., RoadWarrior) Enter the pre-shared key: (e.g.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The Summary screen below displays.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G To view the VPNC recommended authentication and encryption settings used by the VPN Wizard, click the “here” link (see Figure 8-6). Click Back to return to the Summary screen. 1 hour Figure 8-7: VPNC Recommended Settings 3. Click Done on the Summary screen (see Figure 8-6) to complete the configuration procedure. The VPN Policies menu below displays showing that the new tunnel is enabled.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: Refer to “Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels” on page 8-36 to enable the IKE keepalive capability on an existing VPN tunnel. Step 2: Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC This procedure describes how to configure the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client. We will assume the PC running the client has a dynamically assigned IP address.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: In this example, the Connection Name used on the client side of the VPN tunnel is toDG834 and it does not have to match the RoadWarrior Connection Name used on the gateway side of the VPN tunnel (see Figure 8-5) because Connection Names are arbitrary to how the VPN tunnel functions. Tip: Choose Connection Names that make sense to the people using and administrating the VPN.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • • • • • • • 3. In this example, type 192.168.3.1 in the Subnet field as the network address of the DG834G. Enter 255.255.255.0 in the Mask field as the LAN Subnet Mask of the DG834G. Select All in the Protocol menu to allow all traffic through the VPN tunnel. Select the Connect using Secure Gateway Tunnel check box. Select IP Address in the ID Type menu below the check box.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • In the Network Security Policy list on the left side of the Security Policy Editor window, click on My Identity. Figure 8-12: Security Policy Editor My Identity • • • • Choose None in the Select Certificate menu. Select IP Address in the ID Type menu. If you are using a virtual fixed IP address, enter this address in the Internal Network IP Address box. Otherwise, leave this box empty.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5. Configure the VPN Client Authentication Proposal. In this step, you will provide the type of encryption (DES or 3DES) to be used for this connection. This selection must match your selection in the DG834G configuration. • • In the Network Security Policy list on the left side of the Security Policy Editor window, expand the Security Policy heading by double clicking its name or clicking on the “+” symbol.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Expand the Key Exchange subheading by double clicking its name or clicking on the “+” symbol. Then select Proposal 1 below Key Exchange. Figure 8-15: Security Policy Editor Key Exchange • • • • • • • 7. In the SA Life menu, select Unspecified. In the Compression menu, select None. Check the Encapsulation Protocol (ESP) checkbox.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 8. Check the VPN Connection. To check the VPN Connection, you can initiate a request from the remote PC to the DG834G’s network by using the “Connect” option in the NETGEAR ProSafe menu bar. The NETGEAR ProSafe client will report the results of the attempt to connect. Since the remote PC has a dynamically assigned WAN IP address, it must initiate the request. To perform a ping test using our example, start from the remote PC: a.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Information on the progress and status of the VPN client connection can be viewed by opening the NETGEAR ProSafe Log Viewer. 1. To launch this function, click on the Windows Start button, then select Programs, then NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client, then Log Viewer. 2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • • The DG834G has a LAN IP address of 192.168.3.1. The VPN client PC has a dynamically assigned address of 192.168.2.2. While the connection is being established, the Connection Name field in this menu will say “SA” before the name of the connection. When the connection is successful, the “SA” will change to the yellow key symbol shown in the illustration above.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 8-4.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Follow this procedure to configure a gateway-to-gateway VPN tunnel using the VPN Wizard. 1. Log in to the DG834G on LAN A at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default user name of admin and password of password. Click the VPN Wizard link in the main menu to display this screen. Click Next to proceed. Figure 8-21: VPN Wizard Start Screen 2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3. Fill in the IP Address or FQDN for the target VPN endpoint WAN connection and click Next. Enter the WAN IP address of the remote VPN gateway: (e.g., 22.23.24.25) Figure 8-23: Remote IP 4. Identify the IP addresses at the target endpoint which can use this tunnel, and click Next. Enter the LAN IP settings of the remote VPN gateway: • IP Address (e.g., 192.168.3.1) • Subnet Mask (e.g., 255.255.255.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The Summary screen below displays.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G To view the VPNC recommended authentication and encryption settings used by the VPN Wizard, click the “here” link (see Figure 8-25). Click Back to return to the Summary screen. 1 hour Figure 8-26: VPN Recommended Settings 5. Click Done on the Summary screen (see Figure 8-25) to complete the configuration procedure. The VPN Settings menu below displays showing that the new tunnel is enabled.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 6. Repeat for the DG834G on LAN B and pay special attention to use the following network settings as appropriate. • WAN IP of the remote VPN gateway (e.g., 14.15.16.17) • LAN IP settings of the remote VPN gateway: — IP Address (e.g, 192.168.0.1) — Subnet Mask (e.g., 255.255.255.0) — Preshared Key (e.g., 12345678) 7.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-29: Current VPN Tunnels (SAs) Screen c. Look at the VPN Status/Log screen (Figure 8-28) to verify that the tunnel is connected. VPN Tunnel Control Activating a VPN Tunnel There are three ways to activate a VPN tunnel: • • • Use the VPN Status page. Activate the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote endpoint. Start using the VPN tunnel.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-30: VPN Status/Log Screen 3. Click on VPN Status (Figure 8-30) to get the Current VPN Tunnels (SAs) screen (Figure 8-31). Click on Connect for the VPN tunnel you want to activate. Figure 8-31: Current VPN Tunnels (SAs) Screen Activate the VPN Tunnel by Pinging the Remote Endpoint Note: This section uses 192.168.3.1 for an example remote endpoint LAN IP address.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G To activate the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote endpoint (e.g., 192.168.3.1), do the following steps depending on whether your configuration is client-to-gateway or gateway-to-gateway: • Client-to-Gateway Configuration—to check the VPN Connection, you can initiate a request from the remote PC to the DG834G’s network by using the “Connect” option in the NETGEAR ProSafe menu bar.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Once the connection is established, you can open the browser of the PC and enter the LAN IP address of the remote DG834G. After a short wait, you should see the login screen of the Router (unless another PC already has the DG834G management interface open). • Gateway-to-Gateway Configuration—test the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote network from a PC attached to the DG834G. a. Open command prompt (i.e., Start -> Run -> cmd). b.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-35: VPN Status/Log Screen 3. Click on VPN Status (Figure 8-30) to get the Current VPN Tunnels (SAs) screen (Figure 8-31). This table lists the following data for each active VPN Tunnel. • SPI—each SA has a unique SPI (Security Parameter Index) for traffic in each direction. For "Manual" key exchange, the SPI is specified in the Policy definition. For "Automatic" key exchange, the SPI is generated by the IKE protocol.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-36: Current VPN Tunnels (SAs) Screen Deactivating a VPN Tunnel Sometimes a VPN tunnel must be deactivated for testing purposes. There are two ways to deactivate a VPN tunnel: • • Policy table on VPN Policies page VPN Status page Using the Policy Table on the VPN Policies Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel To use the VPN Policies page to deactivate a VPN tunnel, perform the following steps: 1. Log in to the Router. 2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-37: VPN Policies 3. Clear the Enable check box for the VPN tunnel you want to deactivate and click Apply. (To reactivate the tunnel, check the Enable box and click Apply.) Using the VPN Status Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel To use the VPN Status page to deactivate a VPN tunnel, perform the following steps: 1. Log in to the Router. 2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-38: VPN Status/Log Screen 3. Click VPN Status (Figure 8-38) to get the Current VPN Tunnels (SAs) screen (Figure 8-39). Click Drop for the VPN tunnel you want to deactivate.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: When NETBIOS is enabled (which it is in the VPNC defaults implemented by the VPN Wizard), automatic traffic will reactivate the tunnel. To prevent reactivation from happening, either disable NETBIOS or disable the policy for the tunnel (see “Using the Policy Table on the VPN Policies Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel” on page 8-32). Deleting a VPN Tunnel To delete a VPN tunnel: 1. Log in to the Router. 2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Manual Policy—for a Manual Keying setup in which you must specify each phase of the connection, see “Using Manual Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels” on page 8-48. Manual Policy does not use IKE. Rather, you manually enter all the authentication and key parameters.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-41: DG834G VPN Tunnel Auto Policy Configuration Menu Virtual Private Networking (Advanced Feature) 202-10006-05, June 2005 8-37
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The DG834G VPN tunnel network connection fields are defined as follows: General These settings identify this policy and determine its major characteristics. • Policy Name—Enter a unique name to identify this policy. This name is not supplied to the remote VPN endpoint. It is used only to help you manage the policies. • Remote VPN Endpoint—If the remote endpoint has a dynamic IP address, select "Dynamic IP address".
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Remote LAN This identifies which PCs on the remote LAN are covered by this policy. For each selection, data must be provided as follows: • Single PC - no Subnet—select this option if there is no LAN (only a single PC) at the remote endpoint. If this option is selected, no additional data is required. The typical application is a PC running the VPN client at the remote end.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Local Identity Data—enter the data for the selection above. (If "WAN IP Address" is selected, no input is required.) Remote Identity Type—select the desired option to match the "Local Identity Type" setting on the remote VPN endpoint. • IP Address—the Internet IP address of the remote VPN endpoint. • Fully Qualified Domain Name—the Domain name of the remote VPN endpoint.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G This setting applies to both IKE and IPSec SAs. When configuring the remote endpoint to match this setting, you may have to specify the "Key Group" used. For this device, the "Key Group" is the same as the "DH Group" setting in the IKE section. Example of Using Auto Policy A VPN Tunnel 14.15.16.17 DG834G VPN Firewall B 22.23.24.25 DG834G VPN Firewall 192.168.3.1 192.168.0.1 PCs PCs Figure 8-42: Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel 1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 8-1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. Open the DG834G on LAN A management interface and click on VPN Policies. Figure 8-43: VPN Policies Screen 3. Click Add Auto Policy. 4. Enter policy settings (see Figure 8-44). • General — Policy Name = GtoG — Remote VPN Endpoint Address Type = Fixed IP Address — Remote VPN Endpoint Address Data = 22.23.24.25 • Local LAN – use default setting • Remote LAN — IP Address = select Subnet address from the pulldown menu.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G — Remote Identity Type = use default setting • Parameters — Encryption Algorithm = 3DES — Authentication Algorithm = MD5 — Pre-shared Key = 12345678 8-44 Virtual Private Networking (Advanced Feature) 202-10006-05, June 2005
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-44: VPN Auto Policies Screen Virtual Private Networking (Advanced Feature) 202-10006-05, June 2005 8-45
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5. Click Apply. The Get VPN Policies web page is displayed. Figure 8-45: VPN Policies Screen 6. Repeat for the DG834G on LAN B and pay special attention to use the following network settings as appropriate. • General, Remote Address Data (e.g., 14.15.16.17) • Remote LAN, Start IP Address — IP Address (e.g, 192.168.0.1) — Subnet Mask (e.g., 255.255.255.0) — Preshared Key (e.g., 12345678) 7.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 8-46: VPN Status/Log Screen b. Click VPN Status (Figure 8-46) to display the Current VPN Tunnels (SAs) screen (Figure 8-47). Click on Connect for the VPN tunnel you want to activate. Figure 8-47: Current VPN Tunnels (SAs) Screen c. Review the VPN Status/Log screen (Figure 8-46) to verify that the tunnel is connected.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Using Manual Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels As an alternative to IKE, you may use Manual Keying, in which you must specify each phase of the connection. A "Manual" VPN policy requires all settings for the VPN tunnel to be manually input at each end (both VPN endpoints). Click the VPN Policies link of the main menu, and then click the Add Manual Policy radio button to display the Manual Keys menu shown in Figure 8-48.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G General The DG834G VPN tunnel network connection fields are defined as follows: • Policy Name—enter a unique name to identify this policy. This name is not supplied to the remote VPN endpoint. It is used only to help you manage the policies. • Remote VPN Endpoint—select the desired option (IP address or Fully Qualified Domain Name) and enter the address of the remote VPN endpoint to which you wish to connect.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Range address—enter the starting IP address in the "Single/Start IP address" field, and the finish IP address in the "Finish IP address" field. This must be an address range used on the remote LAN. • Subnet address—enter an IP address in the "Single/Start IP address" field, and the desired network mask in the "Subnet Mask" field. The remote VPN endpoint must have these IP addresses entered as its "Local" addresses.
Chapter 9 Troubleshooting This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router. After each problem description, instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem. For the common problems listed, go to the section indicated. • Is the router on? • Have I connected the router correctly? Go to “Basic Functioning” on page 9-1. • I can’t access the router’s configuration with my browser.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If a port’s LED is lit, a link has been established to the connected device. If a LAN port is connected to a 100 Mbps device, verify that the port’s LED is green. If the port is 10 Mbps, the LED will be amber. If any of these conditions does not occur, refer to the appropriate following section.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Make sure that power is turned on to the connected hub or workstation. • Be sure you are using the correct cable: — When connecting the router’s WAN ADSL port, use the cable that was supplied with the DG834G.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Click the Refresh or Reload button in the Web browser. The changes may have occurred, but the Web browser may be caching the old configuration. Troubleshooting the ISP Connection If your router is unable to access the Internet, you should check the ADSL connection, then the WAN TCP/IP connection.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If disconnecting telephones does not result in a green WAN LED the problem may be one of the following: • Check that the telephone company has made the connection to your line and tested it. • Verify that you are connected to the correct telephone line. If you have more than one phone line, be sure that you are connected to the line with the ADSL service.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Your ISP only allows one Ethernet MAC address to connect to Internet, and may check for your computer’s MAC address. In this case: Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device, and ask them to use the router’s MAC address. OR Configure your router to spoof your computer’s MAC address. This can be done in the Basic Settings menu. Refer to “Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection” on page 3-14.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names (such as www addresses) to numeric IP addresses. Typically your ISP will provide the addresses of one or two DNS servers for your use. If you entered a DNS address during the router’s configuration, reboot your computer and verify the DNS address as described in “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page C-6.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Wrong physical connections — Make sure the LAN port LED is on. If the LED is off, follow the instructions in “LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On” on page 9-2. — Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and for the hub ports (if any) that are connected to your workstation and router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Restoring the Default Configuration and Password This section explains how to restore the factory default configuration settings, changing the router’s administration password to password and the IP address to 192.168.0.1. You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in two ways: • Use the Erase function of the Web Configuration Manager (see “Backing Up, Restoring, or Erasing Your Settings” on page 6-1).
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 9-10 Troubleshooting 202-10006-05, June 2005
Appendix A Technical Specifications This appendix provides technical specifications for the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requirements of: FCC Part 15 Class B VCCI Class B EN 55 022 (CISPR 22), Class B Interface Specifications LAN: 10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx, RJ-45 WAN: ADSL, Dual RJ-11, pins 2 and 3 T1.413, G.DMT, G.
Appendix B Network and Routing Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks and routing. Related Publications As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet. The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Routing Information Protocol One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table. The DG834G wireless router supports both the older RIP-1 and the newer RIP-2 protocols. Among other improvements, RIP-2 supports subnet and multicast protocols.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Class A Network Node Class B Network Node Class C Network Node Figure 9-1: Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are: • Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an eight-bit network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range: 1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x. • Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network. For each unique value of the network portion of the address, the base address of the range (host address of all zeros) is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead. A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64,000 nodes. Most organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that can be reassigned. Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free, as shown below.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 9-1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet Number of Bits Dotted-Decimal Value 1 128 2 192 3 224 4 240 5 248 6 252 7 254 8 255 The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted-decimal and the masklength formats. Table 9-2. Netmask Formats Dotted-Decimal Masklength 255.0.0.0 /8 255.255.0.0 /16 255.255.255.0 /24 255.255.255.128 /25 255.255.255.192 /26 255.255.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors, it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address. In order for this scheme to work, all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Private IP addresses assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.1 172.21.15.105 Internet 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.5 7786EA Figure 9-3: Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall-like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Related Documents The station with the correct IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the sending device. The receiving station provides the transmitting station with the required destination MAC address. The IP address data and MAC address data for each station are held in an ARP table. The next time data is sent, the address can be obtained from the address information in the table.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The DG834G wireless router also functions as a DHCP client when connecting to the ISP. The router can automatically obtain an IP address, subnet mask, DNS server addresses, and a gateway address if the ISP provides this information by DHCP. Internet Security and Firewalls When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router, an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your network.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Denial of Service Attack A hacker may be able to prevent your network from operating or communicating by launching a Denial of Service (DoS) attack. The method used for such an attack can be as simple as merely flooding your site with more requests than it can handle. A more sophisticated attack may attempt to exploit some weakness in the operating system used by your router or gateway.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 10 ft. (3 m) from the wall outlet to the desktop device The patch panel and other connecting hardware must meet the requirements for 100 Mbps operation (Category 5). Only 0.5 inch (1.5 cm) of untwist in the wire pair is allowed at any termination point.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure B-2: Crossover Twisted-Pair Cable Figure B-3: Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ-45 Plug at Each End Note: Flat “silver satin” telephone cable may have the same RJ-45 plug. However, using telephone cable results in excessive collisions, causing the attached port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G When connecting a PC to a PC, or a hub port to another hub port, the transmit pair must be exchanged with the receive pair. This exchange is done by one of two mechanisms. Most hubs provide an Uplink switch which will exchange the pairs on one port, allowing that port to be connected to another hub using a normal Ethernet cable.
Appendix C Preparing Your Network This appendix describes how to prepare your network to connect to the Internet through the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router and how to verify the readiness of broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider (ISP).
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G In your IP network, each PC and the router must be assigned a unique IP addresses. Each PC must also have certain other IP configuration information such as a subnet mask (netmask), a domain name server (DNS) address, and a default gateway address. In most cases, you should install TCP/ IP so that the PC obtains its specific network configuration information automatically from a DHCP server during bootup.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G You must have an Ethernet adapter, the TCP/IP protocol, and Client for Microsoft Networks. Note: It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter, TCP/IP, or Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need to install a new adapter, follow these steps: a. Click the Add button. b. Select Adapter, and then click Add. c.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If you need Client for Microsoft Networks: 3. a. Click the Add button. b. Select Client, and then click Add. c. Select Microsoft. d. Select Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK. Restart your PC for the changes to take effect.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Verify the following settings as shown: • Client for Microsoft Network exists • Ethernet adapter is present • TCP/IP is present • Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Click on the Properties button. The following TCP/IP Properties window will display.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • By default, the IP Address tab is open on this window. • Verify the following: Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. If not selected, click in the radio button to the left of it to select it. This setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address. • Click OK to continue. Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. Type winipcfg, and then click OK. The IP Configuration window opens, which lists (among other things), your IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. 3. From the drop-down box, select your Ethernet adapter.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP/IP. The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows. DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon. • Select Control Panel from the Windows XP new Start Menu.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window. This box displays the connection status, duration, speed, and activity statistics. • Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window. • Click the Properties button to view details about the connection. • The TCP/IP details are presented on the Support tab page. • Select Internet Protocol, and click Properties to view the configuration information.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Verify that the Obtain an IP address automatically radio button is selected. • Verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically radio button is selected. • Click the OK button. This completes the DHCP configuration of TCP/ IP in Windows XP. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop. This will bring up a window called Network and Dial-up Connections. • Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties. • The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears. • Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using: box.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • With Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) selected, click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialogue box. • Verify that • Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. • Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected. • Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties. • Click OK again to complete the configuration process for Windows 2000. Restart the PC.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 Once you have installed the network card, you need to configure the TCP/IP environment for Windows NT 4.0. Follow this procedure to configure TCP/IP with DHCP in Windows NT 4.0. • Choose Settings from the Start Menu, and then select Control Panel. This will display Control Panel window. • Double-click the Network icon in the Control Panel window. The Network panel will display.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Highlight the TCP/IP Protocol in the Network Protocols box, and click on the Properties button.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • The TCP/IP Properties dialog box now displays. • Click the IP Address tab. • Select the radio button marked Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. • Click OK. This completes the configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT. Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network. Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 To check your PC’s TCP/IP configuration: 1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • 4. The default gateway is 192.168.0.1 Type exit Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking Beginning with Macintosh Operating System 7, TCP/IP is already installed on the Macintosh. On each networked Macintosh, you need to configure TCP/IP to use DHCP. MacOS 8.6 or 9.x 1. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Control Panel opens: 2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. If not already selected, select Built-in Ethernet in the Configure list. 3. If not already selected, Select Using DHCP in the TCP/IP tab. 4. Click Save. Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers After your Macintosh is configured and has rebooted, you can check the TCP/IP configuration by returning to the TCP/IP Control Panel. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account For broadband access to the Internet, you need to contract with an Internet service provider (ISP) for a single-user Internet access account using a cable modem or DSL modem. This modem must be a separate physical box (not a card) and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • An IP address and subnet mask • A gateway IP address, which is the address of the ISP’s router • One or more domain name server (DNS) IP addresses • Host name and domain suffix For example, your account’s full server names may look like this: mail.xxx.yyy.com In this example, the domain suffix is xxx.yyy.com. If any of these items are dynamically supplied by the ISP, your router automatically acquires them.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If an IP address appears under Installed Gateways, write down the address. This is the ISP’s gateway address. Select the address and then click Remove to remove the gateway address. 6. Select the DNS Configuration tab. If any DNS server addresses are shown, write down the addresses. If any information appears in the Host or Domain information box, write it down. Click Disable DNS. 7.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Restarting the Network Once you have set up your computers to work with the router, you must reset the network for the devices to be able to communicate correctly. Restart any computer that is connected to the firewall. After configuring all of your computers for TCP/IP networking and restarting them, and connecting them to the local network of your DG834G wireless router, you are ready to access and configure the router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G C-22 Preparing Your Network 202-10006-05, June 2005
Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics This chapter provides an overview of Wireless networking. Wireless Networking Overview The DG834G wireless router conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11b and 802.11g standards for wireless LANs (WLANs). On an 802.11b or g wireless link, data is encoded using direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5 GHz. The maximum data rate for the 802.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Ad Hoc Mode (Peer-to-Peer Workgroup) In an ad hoc network, computers are brought together as needed; thus, there is no structure or fixed points to the network - each node can generally communicate with any other node. There is no Access Point involved in this configuration.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Shared Key. With Shared Key authentication, only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the network. By default, IEEE 802.11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption is used when the wireless devices are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode. 802.11 Authentication The 802.11 standard defines several services that govern how two 802.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. The access point authenticates the station. 3. The station associates with the access point and joins the network. This process is illustrated below. 802.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 802.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Key Size The IEEE 802.11 standard supports two types of WEP encryption: 40-bit and 128-bit. The 64-bit WEP data encryption method allows for a five-character (40-bit) input. Additionally, 24 factory-set bits are added to the forty-bit input to generate a 64-bit encryption key. The 24 factory-set bits are not user-configurable). This encryption key will be used to encrypt/decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G WEP Configuration Options The WEP settings must match on all 802.11 devices that are within the same wireless network as identified by the SSID. In general, if your mobile clients will roam between access points, then all of the 802.11 access points and all of the 802.11 client adapters on the network must have the same WEP settings.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table D-2: Channel 802.11b/g Radio Frequency Channels Center Frequency Frequency Spread 1 2412 MHz 2399.5 MHz - 2424.5 MHz 2 2417 MHz 2404.5 MHz - 2429.5 MHz 3 2422 MHz 2409.5 MHz - 2434.5 MHz 4 2427 MHz 2414.5 MHz - 2439.5 MHz 5 2432 MHz 2419.5 MHz - 2444.5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424.5 MHz - 2449.5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429.5 MHz - 2454.5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434.5 MHz - 2459.5 MHz 9 2452 MHz 2439.5 MHz - 2464.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The IEEE introduced the WEP as an optional security measure to secure 802.11b (Wi-Fi) WLANs, but inherent weaknesses in the standard soon became obvious. In response to this situation, the Wi-Fi Alliance announced a new security architecture in October 2002 that remedies the shortcomings of WEP. This standard, formerly known as Safe Secure Network (SSN), is designed to work with existing 802.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G For 802.11, WEP encryption is optional. For WPA, encryption using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) is required. TKIP replaces WEP with a new encryption algorithm that is stronger than the WEP algorithm, but that uses the calculation facilities present on existing wireless devices to perform encryption operations.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The strength of WPA comes from an integrated sequence of operations that encompass 802.1X/ EAP authentication and sophisticated key management and encryption techniques. Its major operations include: • Network security capability determination. This occurs at the 802.11 level and is communicated through WPA information elements in Beacon, Probe Response, and (Re) Association Requests.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G WPA Authentication: Enterprise-level User Authentication via 802.1x/EAP and RADIUS Wireless LAN WPA enabled wireless client with “supplicant” WPA enabled Access Point using pre-shared key or 802.1x Wired Network with Optional 802.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Client with a WPAenabled wireless adapter and supplicant (Win XP, Funk, Meetinghouse) For example, a RADIUS server For example, a WPA-enabled AP 1 2 3 4 6 5 7 Figure D-4: 802.1x Authentication Sequence The AP sends Beacon Frames with WPA information element to the stations in the service set. Information elements include the required authentication method (802.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3. The client sends an EAP-response packet containing the identity to the authentication server. The access point responds by enabling a port for passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access point.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) WPA uses TKIP to provide important data encryption enhancements including a per-packet key mixing function, a message integrity check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism. TKIP also provides for the following: • • • The verification of the security configuration after the encryption keys are determined.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Is WPA Perfect? WPA is not without its vulnerabilities. Specifically, it is susceptible to denial of service (DoS) attacks. If the access point receives two data packets that fail the message integrity code (MIC) within 60 seconds of each other, then the network is under an active attack, and as a result, the access point employs counter measures, which include disassociating each station using the access point.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • • • • • The new WPA information element To advertise their support of WPA, wireless APs send the beacon frame with a new 802.11 WPA information element that contains the wireless AP's security configuration (encryption algorithms and wireless security configuration information). The WPA two-phase authentication Open system, then 802.1x (EAP with RADIUS or preshared key).
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Changes to Wireless Client Programs Wireless client programs must be updated to permit the configuration of WPA authentication (and preshared key) and the new WPA encryption algorithms (TKIP and the optional AES component). To obtain the Microsoft WPA client program, visit the Microsoft Web site.
Appendix E Virtual Private Networking There have been many improvements in the Internet including Quality of Service, network performance, and inexpensive technologies, such as DSL. But one of the most important advances has been in Virtual Private Networking (VPN) Internet Protocol security (IPSec). IPSec is one of the most complete, secure, and commercially available, standards-based protocols developed for transporting data.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Remote Access: Remote access enables telecommuters and mobile workers to access e-mail and business applications. A dial-up connection to an organization’s modem pool is one method of access for remote workers, but is expensive because the organization must pay the associated long distance telephone and service costs.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP): Provides confidentiality, authentication, and integrity. • Authentication Header (AH): Provides authentication and integrity. • Internet Key Exchange (IKE): Provides key management and Security Association (SA) management.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The ESP header is inserted into the packet between the IP header and any subsequent packet contents. However, because ESP encrypts the data, the payload is changed. ESP does not encrypt the ESP header, nor does it encrypt the ESP authentication. Authentication Header (AH) AH provides authentication and integrity, which protect against data tampering, using the same algorithms as ESP.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Mode SAs operate using modes. A mode is the method in which the IPSec protocol is applied to the packet. IPSec can be used in tunnel mode or transport mode. Typically, the tunnel mode is used for gateway-to-gateway IPSec tunnel protection, while transport mode is used for host-to-host IPSec tunnel protection. A gateway is a device that monitors and manages incoming and outgoing network traffic and routes the traffic accordingly.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Key Management IPSec uses the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol to facilitate and automate the SA setup and the exchange of keys between parties transferring data. Using keys ensures that only the sender and receiver of a message can access it. IPSec requires that keys be re-created, or refreshed, frequently so that the parties can communicate securely with each other.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Process Overview Even though IPSec is standards-based, each vendor has its own set of terms and procedures for implementing the standard. Because of these differences, it may be a good idea to review some of the terms and the generic processes for connecting two gateways before diving into to the specifics.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table E-1. WAN (Internet/Public) and LAN (Internal/Private) Addressing Gateway LAN or WAN VPNC Example Address Gateway A LAN (Private) 10.5.6.1 Gateway A WAN (Public) 14.15.16.17 Gateway B LAN (Private) 22.23.24.25 Gateway B WAN (Public) 172.23.9.1 It will also be important to know the subnet mask of both gateway LAN Connections.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Tunnel DG834G VPN Firewall DG834G VPN Firewall A B PCs PCs Figure E-5: VPN Tunnel SA The SA contains all the information necessary for gateway A to negotiate a secure and encrypted communication stream with gateway B. This communication is often referred to as a “tunnel.” The gateways contain this information so that it does not have to be loaded onto every computer connected to the gateways.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 1. The IPSec software on Host A initiates the IPSec process in an attempt to communicate with Host B. The two computers then begin the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) process. 2. IKE Phase I. a. The two parties negotiate the encryption and authentication algorithms to use in the IKE SAs. b. The two parties authenticate each other using a predetermined mechanism, such as preshared keys or digital certificates. c.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • SA lifetime of 28800 seconds (eight hours) VPNC IKE Phase II Parameters The IKE Phase 2 parameters used in Scenario 1 are: • • • • • • TripleDES SHA-1 ESP tunnel mode MODP group 1 Perfect forward secrecy for rekeying SA lifetime of 28800 seconds (one hour) Testing and Troubleshooting Once you have completed the VPN configuration steps you can use PCs, located behind each of the gateways, to ping various addresses on the LAN-side of t
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G • [FF98] Floyd, S., and Fall, K., Promoting the Use of End-to-End Congestion Control in the Internet. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, August 1999. Relevant RFCs listed numerically: • [RFC 791] Internet Protocol DARPA Internet Program Protocol Specification, Information Sciences Institute, USC, September 1981. • [RFC 1058] Routing Information Protocol, C Hedrick, Rutgers University, June 1988.
Appendix F NETGEAR VPN Configuration DG834G to FVL328 This appendix is a case study on how to configure a secure IPSec VPN tunnel from a NETGEAR DG834G to a FVL328. This case study follows the VPN Consortium interoperability profile guidelines (found at http://www.vpnc.org/InteropProfiles/Interop-01.html). Configuration Profile The configuration in this document follows the addressing and configuration mechanics defined by the VPN Consortium.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 10.5.6.0/24 Gateway A LAN IP 10.5.6.1 172.23.9.0/24 VPNC Example Network Interface Addressing 14.15.16.17 22.23.24.25 WAN IP WAN IP Gateway B LAN IP FVL328 DG834G 172.23.9.1 Figure F-1: Addressing and Subnet Used for Examples Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR, Inc. web site at http://kbserver.netgear.com/DG834G.asp. Step-By-Step Configuration 1.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Click VPN Policies under Advanced - VPN to invoke this screen toFVL328 10.5.6.1 172.23.9.1 toFVL328 22.23.24.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. Configure the FVL328 as in the Gateway-to-Gateway procedures for the VPN Wizard (see “How to Set Up a Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Configuration“ on page 8-20), being certain to use appropriate network addresses for the environment. a. In Step 1, enter toDG834 for the Connection Name b. In Step 2, enter 14.15.16.17 for the remote WAN's IP address c. In Step 3, enter the following: • • IP Address = 10.5.6.1 Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G toDG834 toDG834 22.23.24.25 14.15.16.17 Click IKE Policies under VPN to invoke this screen 22.23.24.25 14.15.16.17 toDG834 172.23.9.1 10.5.6.1 Click VPN Policies under VPN to invoke this screen toDG834 toDG834 14.15.16.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3. Test the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote network from a PC attached to the DG834G. a. Open the command prompt (Start -> Run -> cmd) b. ping 172.23.9.1 Figure F-4: ping 172.23.9.1 Note: The pings may fail the first time. If this happens, try the pings a second time.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table F-1. Profile Summary VPN Consortium Scenario: Scenario 1 Type of VPN LAN-to-LAN or Gateway-to-Gateway (not PC/Client-to-Gateway) Security Scheme: IKE with Preshared Secret/Key (not Certificate-based) Date Tested: June 2004 Model/Firmware Tested: NETGEAR-Gateway A DG834G firmware version V2.10.17 NETGEAR-Gateway B FVL328 with firmware version V2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G A Dynamic DNS (DDNS) service allows a user whose public IP address is dynamically assigned to be located by a host or domain name. It provides a central public database where information (such as email addresses, host names and IP addresses) can be stored and retrieved. Now, a gateway can be configured to use a 3rd party service in lieu of a permanent and unchanging IP address to establish bi-directional VPN connectivity.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3. On the DG834G, configure the Dynamic DNS settings. a. Browse to the Dynamic DNS Setup Screen (see Figure F-6) in the Advanced menu. Figure F-6: Dynamic DNS Setup Screen b. Configure this screen with appropriate account and hostname settings and then click Apply. • • • • c. Check the box Use a Dynamic DNS Service. Host Name = dg834g.dyndns.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 4. On the FVL328, configure the Dynamic DNS settings. Assume a properly configured DynDNS account. a. Browse to the Dynamic DNS Setup Screen (see Figure F-8) in the Advanced menu. Figure F-8: Dynamic DNS Setup Screen b. Select the DynDNS.org radio button (see Figure F-8), configure with appropriate account and hostname settings (see Figure F-9), and then click Apply. • • • Host and Domain Name = fvl328.dyndns.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure F-9: Dynamic DNS Setup Screen c. Click Show Status. The resulting screen should show Update OK: good (see Figure F-10).
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5. Configure the DG834G as in the Gateway-to-Gateway procedures using the VPN Wizard (see “How to Set Up a Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Configuration“ on page 8-20), being certain to use appropriate network addresses for the environment. The LAN Addresses used in this example are as follows. • DG834G LAN IP = 10.5.6.1 LAN Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 • FVL328 LAN IP = 172.23.9.1 LAN Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 a.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure F-11: ping 172.23.9.1 Note: The pings may fail the first time. If this happens, try the pings a second time. Configuration Summary (Telecommuter Example) The configuration in this document follows the addressing and configuration mechanics defined by the VPN Consortium. Gather all the necessary information before you begin the configuration process.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 192.168.0.1/24 Telecommuter Example Client B Gateway A LAN IP WAN IP WAN IP 192.168.0.1 FQDN ntgr.dyndns.org "fromDG834G.com" "toDG834G.com" 0.0.0.0 Router (at employer's main office) NAT Router B 192.168.2.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G fromDG834G (in the example) Dynamic IP address IKE Keep Alive is optional; must match Remote LAN IP Address when enabled (remote PC must respond to pings) Subnet address 192.168.0.1 (in this example) 255.255.255.0 Single address 192.168.2.3 (in this example) (Remote NAT router must have Address Reservation set and VPN Passthrough enabled) Main Mode Fully Qualified Domain Name fromDG834G.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. Click Apply when done to get the VPN Policies screen. Figure F-14: VPN Policies screen To view or modify the tunnel settings, select the radio button next to the tunnel entry and click Edit. Step 2: Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC at the Telecommuter’s Home Office This procedure describes how to configure the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. b. If you do not have a modem or dial-up adapter installed in your PC, you may see the warning message stating “The NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Component requires at least one dial-up adapter be installed.” You can disregard this message. c. Install the IPSec Component. You may have the option to install either the VPN Adapter or the IPSec Component or both. The VPN Adapter is not necessary. d.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G ntgr Figure F-16: Security Policy Editor Connection settings 3. c. Select Secure in the Connection Security check box. d. Select IP Subnet in the ID Type menu. e. In this example, type 192.168.0.1 in the Subnet field as the network address of the DG834G. f. Enter 255.255.255.0 in the Mask field as the LAN Subnet Mask of the DG834G. g. Select All in the Protocol menu to allow all traffic through the VPN tunnel. h.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G b. Click on the Security Policy subheading to show the Security Policy menu. Figure F-17: Security Policy Editor security policy c. 4. Select the Main Mode in the Select Phase 1 Negotiation Mode check box. Configure the VPN Client Identity. In this step, you will provide information about the remote VPN client PC. You will need to provide: — The Pre-Shared Key that you configured in the DG834G.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G a. In the Network Security Policy list on the left side of the Security Policy Editor window, click My Identity. Figure F-18: Security Policy Editor my identity b. Choose None in the Select Certificate menu. c. Select Domain Name in the ID Type menu and enter toDG834G.com (in this example) in the box below it. Choose Disabled in the Virtual Adapter menu. d.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e. Click the Pre-Shared Key button. In the Pre-Shared Key dialog box, click the Enter Key button. Enter the DG834G's Pre-Shared Key and click OK. In this example, 12345678 is entered. This field is case sensitive. Figure F-19: Security Policy Editor pre-shared key 5. Configure the VPN Client Authentication Proposal. In this step, you will provide the type of encryption (DES or 3DES) to be used for this connection.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G b. Expand the Authentication subheading by double clicking its name or clicking on the “+” symbol. Then select Proposal 1 below Authentication. Figure F-20: Security Policy Editor authentication 6. c. In the Authentication Method menu, select Pre-Shared key. d. In the Encrypt Alg menu, select the type of encryption. In this example, use Triple DES. e. In the Hash Alg menu, select SHA-1. f.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G a. Expand the Key Exchange subheading by double clicking its name or clicking on the “+” symbol. Then select Proposal 1 below Key Exchange. Figure F-21: Security Policy Editor key exchange 7. b. In the SA Life menu, select Unspecified. c. In the Compression menu, select None. d. Check the Encapsulation Protocol (ESP) checkbox. e. In the Encrypt Alg menu, select the type of encryption. In this example, use Triple DES. f.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 8. Check the VPN Connection. To check the VPN Connection, you can initiate a request from the remote PC to the VPN router’s network by using the Connect option in the DG834G wireless router menu bar (see Figure F-22). Since the remote PC has a dynamically assigned WAN IP address, it must initiate the request. a. Right-click the system tray icon to open the popup menu. b. Select Connect to open the My Connections list. c.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G c. Type ping -t 192.168.0.1, and then click OK. Figure F-23: Running a ping test to the LAN from the PC This will cause a continuous ping to be sent to the VPN router. After between several seconds and two minutes, the ping response should change from timed out to reply. Figure F-24: Ping test results Once the connection is established, you can open the browser of the PC and enter the LAN IP address of the VPN router.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note: Use the active VPN tunnel information and pings to determine whether a failed connection is due to the VPN tunnel or some reason outside the VPN tunnel. 2. The Connection Monitor screen is shown below: Figure F-25: Connection Monitor screen While the connection is being established, the Connection Name field in this menu will show SA before the name of the connection.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Viewing the VPN Router’s VPN Status and Log Information To view information on the status of the VPN client connection, open the VPN router’s VPN Status screen by following the steps below: 1. To view this screen, click the Router Status link of the VPN router’s main menu, then click the VPN Status button.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2. To view the VPN tunnels status, click the VPN Status link on the right side of the main menu.
Glossary 10BASE-T IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. 100BASE-Tx IEEE 802.3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. 802.11b IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5GHz. 802.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2 Cat 5 Category 5 unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cabling. An Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits/second (10BASE-T) will often tolerate low quality cables, but at 100 Mbits/second (10BASE-Tx) the cable must be rated as Category 5, or Cat 5 or Cat V, by the Electronic Industry Association (EIA). This rating will be printed on the cable jacket.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G IP Address A four-byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet. Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic, an organization formed for this purpose. Usually written in dotted-decimal notation with periods separating the bytes (for example, 134.177.244.57). IPSec Internet Protocol Security. IPSec is a series of guidelines for securing private information transmitted over public networks.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 4 Netmask A number that explains which part of an IP address comprises the network address and which part is the host address on that network. It can be expressed in dotted-decimal notation or as a number appended to the IP address. For example, a 28-bit mask starting from the MSB can be shown as 255.255.255.192 or as /28 appended to the IP address.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G router A device that forwards data between networks. An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses. Routing Information Protocol A protocol in which routers periodically exchange information with one another so that they can determine minimum distance paths between sources and destinations.
Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 6 Windows Internet Naming Service WINS. Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows-based computer names to IP addresses. If a remote network contains a WINS server, your Windows PCs can gather information from that WINS server about its local hosts. This allows your PCs to browse that remote network using Network Neighborhood. WINS See Windows Internet Naming Service.
