Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V NETGEAR, Inc.
© 2005 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. March 2005. Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas. When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference.
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Contents Chapter 1 About This Manual Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats ................................................................1-1 How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................1-2 How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3 Chapter 2 Introduction Key Features ...............................................................................
Blocking Access to Internet Services .............................................................................4-2 Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications ..........................................4-4 Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access ...............................................4-6 Chapter 5 Maintenance Viewing Status Information .............................................................................................5-1 Viewing VoIP Status ......................
Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ..............................................................................7-4 Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility .................................................7-5 Testing the LAN Path to Your Router .......................................................................7-5 Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device .....................................7-6 Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ................................
Computer Network Configuration Requirements .................................................... C-1 Internet Configuration Requirements ...................................................................... C-2 Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters? ........................................ C-2 Record Your Internet Connection Information ......................................................... C-3 Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking ................................................
Chapter 1 About This Manual This chapter describes the intended audience, scope, conventions, and formats of this manual. Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices and on the Netgear website. This guide uses the following typographical conventions: Table 1-1.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V How to Use This Manual The HTML version of this manual includes the following: • Buttons, at a time and , for browsing forwards or backwards through the manual one page • A button that displays the table of contents and an button. Double-click on a link in the table of contents or index to navigate directly to where the topic is described in the manual. • A product model. • Links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V How to Print this Manual To print this manual you can choose one of the following several options, according to your needs. • Printing a Page in the HTML View. Each page in the HTML version of the manual is dedicated to a major topic. Use the Print button on the browser toolbar to print the page contents. • Printing a Chapter. Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top left of any page.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V 1-4 About This Manual 202-10037-01, March 2005
Chapter 2 Introduction Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR® TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter. This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter. Key Features The TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter connects your up two phones to your broadband Internet service. It connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem, and provides access to your local network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Voice Features The TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter lets you use the full range of features in your voice account. • Get your voicemail messages by phone, Web, or E-mail. • Turn call waiting on or off. Easily switch between calls when you are using call waiting. • Use Caller ID with any phone device that has Caller ID enabled. You can also block your Caller ID when you make a call.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Computers Hidden by NAT: NAT opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests originating from the local network. Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded, preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the computers on the LAN.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Automatic Configuration of Attached computers by DHCP: The TA612V adapter dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, gateway, and domain name server (DNS) addresses, to attached computers on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration of computers on your local network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V – • Application Notes and other helpful information. Support Registration card If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the router for repair. The Router’s Front Panel The front panel of the TA612V adapter contains these status indicators.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V The Router’s Rear Panel The rear panel of the Model TA612V router contains the port connections listed below. 2 1 Power 2 Phone Ports Reset Button LAN Port Internet Port Figure 1-2: TA612V Rear Panel Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following features: • • • • • Outlet for 12V DC @ 1.
Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet This chapter describes how to set up the router on your local area network (LAN) and connect to the Internet. You will find out how to configure your broadband voice adapter for Internet access. Follow these instructions to set up your router. Prepare to Install Your TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter • For Cable Modem Service: When you perform the broadband voice adapter setup steps be sure to use the computer you first registered with your cable ISP.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V c. Locate the Ethernet cable (cable 1 in the diagram) that connects your PC to the modem. &DEOH A ,QWHUQHW FRPSXWHU PRGHP Figure 3-1: Disconnect the Ethernet cable from the computer d. Disconnect the cable at the computer end only, point A in the diagram above. e. Look at the label on the bottom of the broadband voice adapter. Locate the Internet port.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V f. Securely insert the cable that came with your broadband voice adapter (the NETGEAR cable in the diagram below) into the LAN port on the router (point C in the diagram), and the other end into the Ethernet port of your computer (point D in the diagram).
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Power Test Internet Port LAN Port Phone Ports 1 & 2 Figure 3-4: Status lights on the broadband voice adapter d. Check the broadband voice adapter status lights to verify the following: • Power: The power light should turn solid green. If it does not, see “Troubleshooting Tips” on page 3-10. • Test: The test light should be off. The test light blinks when the router is first turned on then goes off.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V 2. Connect to the broadband voice adapter by typing http://192.168.61.1 in the address field of your browser, then click Enter. 61.1 Figure 3-5: Login address 3. For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password in lower case letters.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Use the Smart Wizard to Configure Your TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter Figure 3-7: Setup wizard 1. You are now connected to the router. If you do not see the menu above, click the Setup Wizard link on the upper left of the main menu. 2. Click Next to proceed. Input your ISP settings, as needed.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V The Router Settings pages allow you to configure, upgrade and check the status of your NETGEAR Broadband Voice Router. Figure 3-8: Basic Settings page Helpful information related to the selected Settings page appears in this column. If you are using Internet Explorer, you may click an item in the center column to jump directly to the related help section; otherwise, scroll down until you reach it.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Does Your Internet Connection Require A Login? Select this option based on the type of account you have with your ISP. If you need to enter login information every time you connect to the Internet or you have a PPPoE account with your ISP, select Yes. Otherwise, select No. Note: If you have installed PPP software such as WinPoET (from Earthlink) or Enternet (from PacBell), then you have PPPoE. Select Yes.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Note: If you get 'Address not found' errors when you go to a Web site, it is likely that your DNS servers aren't set up properly. You should contact your ISP to get DNS server addresses. • Router MAC Address: Your computer's local address is its unique address on your network. This is also referred to as the computer's MAC (Media Access Control) address. Usually, select Use Default MAC Address.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Troubleshooting Tips Here are some tips for correcting simple problems you may have. Be sure to restart your network in this sequence: 1. Turn off and unplug the modem, turn off the broadband voice adapter, and turn off the computer. 2. Turn on the modem, wait two minutes. 3. Turn on the broadband voice adapter and wait 1 minute. 4. Turn on the computer. Make sure the Ethernet cables are securely plugged in.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection You can manually configure your router using the menu below, or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section. ISP Does Not Require Login ISP Does Require Login Figure 3-9: Browser-based configuration Basic Settings menus You can manually configure the router using the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 3-9 using these steps: 1.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V c. Domain Name Server (DNS) Address: If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the router during login, select “Use these DNS servers” and enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is available, enter it also. Note: If you enter an address here, restart the computers on your network so that these settings take effect. d.
Chapter 4 Content Filtering This chapter describes how to use the content filtering features of the TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter to protect your network. These features can be found by clicking on the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. The TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter provides you with web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e-mail.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V To enable keyword blocking, select either “Per Schedule” or “Always”, then click Apply. If you want to block by schedule, be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu. To add a keyword or domain, type it in the Keyword box, click Add Keyword, then click Apply. To delete a keyword or domain, select it from the list, click Delete Keyword, then click Apply.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Services are functions performed by server computers at the request of client computers. For example, web servers serve web pages, time servers serve time and date information, and game hosts serve data about other players’ moves. When a computer on your network sends a request for service to a server computer on the Internet, the requested service is identified by a service or port number.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V If you know that the application uses either TCP or UDP, select the appropriate protocol. If you are not sure, select Both. • Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range Under “Filter Services For”, you can block the specified service for a single computer, a range of computers (having consecutive IP addresses), or all computers on your network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Turn e-mail notification on Check this box if you wish to receive e-mail logs and alerts from the router. • Send to this e-mail address Enter the e-mail address to which logs and alerts are sent. This e-mail address will also be used as the From address. If you leave this box blank, log and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail. • Your outgoing mail server Enter the name of your ISP’s outgoing (SMTP) mail server (such as mail.myISP.com).
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access The log is a detailed record of what websites you have accessed or attempted to access. Up to 128 entries are stored in the log. Log entries will only appear when keyword blocking is enabled, and no log entries will be made for the Trusted User. An example is shown below: Figure 4-5: Logs menu Log entries are described in Table 4-1 Table 4-1.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Log action buttons are described in Table 4-2 Table 4-2. Log action buttons Field Description Refresh Click this button to refresh the log screen. Clear Log Click this button to clear the log entries. Send Log Click this button to email the log immediately.
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Chapter 5 Maintenance This chapter describes how to use the maintenance features of your TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter. These features can be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. Viewing Status Information The Router Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, click on Maintenance, then select System Status to view the System Status screen, shown below.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V This screen shows the following parameters: Table 5-1. Menu 3.2 - TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter Status Fields Field Description Account Name This field displays the Host Name assigned to the router. Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version. Internet Port These parameters apply to the Internet (WAN) port of the router.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Click on the “Connection Status” button to display the WAN status, as shown below. Figure 5-2: Connection Status screen This screen shows the following statistics:. Table 5-1. Connection Status Fields Field Description IP Address The WAN (Internet) IP Address assigned to the router. Subnet Mask The WAN (Internet) Subnet Mask assigned to the router. Default Gateway The WAN (Internet) default gateway the router communicates with.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V WAN Status action buttons are described in Table 5-2 Table 5-2. Connection Status action buttons Field Description Release Click Release to release the DHCP lease. Renew Click Renew to renew the DHCP lease. Click on the “Show Statistics” button to display router usage statistics, as shown below. Figure 5-3: Router Statistics screen This screen shows the following statistics: Table 5-1.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Show Statistics action buttons are described in Table 5-2 Table 5-2. Show Statistics action buttons Field Description Set Interval Enter a time and click the button to set the polling frequency. Stop Click the Stop button to freeze the polling information. Viewing VoIP Status This VoIP Status page shows the current status of your VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) connection.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • LAN Port – • MAC Address - the physical address of the router, as seen from the local LAN. Line 1/Line 2 – Display Name: This is the name you have already chosen when you first opened your account. Your "Display Name" will be visible to other individuals with caller ID. If your display name appears as "UNAVAILABLE", either your account has not been established or your router has been unable to connect to the Internet.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Viewing a List of Attached Devices The Attached Devices menu contains a table of all IP devices that the router has discovered on the local network. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Attached Devices to view the table, shown below. Figure 5-5: Attached Devices menu For each device, the table shows the IP address, NetBIOS Host Name (if available), and Ethernet MAC address.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Set Password to bring up the menu shown below. Figure 5-6: Set Password menu To change the password, first enter the old password, and then enter the new password twice. Click Apply. Backup Router Settings The Backup Settings page allows you to backup, restore and erase the router's current settings. Note: Operations on this screen only affect the Router.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Figure 5-7: Backup Router Settings page • • Save (Backup): To create a backup file of the current settings: a. Click Backup. b. If you don't have your browser set up to save downloaded files automatically, locate where you want to save the file, rename it if you like, and click Save.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Revert (Erase): To erase the current settings and reset the router to the original factory default settings: – Click Erase. IMPORTANT! Do not try to go online, turn off the router, shutdown the computer or do anything else to the router until the router finishes restarting! When the Test light stops blinking, wait a few more seconds before doing anything with the router.
Chapter 6 Advanced Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter. These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. Configuring Port Triggering Port Triggering is an advanced feature that can be used to easily enable gaming and other internet applications. Port Forwarding is typically used to enable similar functionality, but it is static and has some limitations.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Figure 6-1: Port Triggering Menu Note: If Disable Port Triggering box is checked after configuring port triggering, port triggering will be disabled but any port triggering configuration information you added to the router will be retained even though it will not be used. • Port Triggering Timeout Enter a value up to 9999 minutes. The Port Triggering Timeout value controls the inactivity timer for the designated inbound port(s).
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Follow these steps to set up a computer to play Internet games or use Internet applications: 1. Click Add. Figure 6-2: Add Port Trigger Menu 2. Enter a service name in the Service Name box. 3. Enter the outbound start and final port numbers. 4. Enter the inbound start and final port numbers. These port numbers can be obtained from the game or applications manual or support Web site. 5. Click Apply to save your changes.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V interface, under Advanced, click on Port Forwarding to view the port forwarding menu, shown below. Figure 6-3: Port Forwarding Menu . Note: If you are unfamiliar with networking and routing, refer to Appendix B, “Network and Routing Basics,” to become more familiar with the terms and procedures used in this manual. Use the Port Forwarding menu to configure the router to forward incoming protocols to computers on your local network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V 3. Click the Add button. Adding a Port Forwarding Custom Service To define a service, game or application that does not appear in the Service Name list, you must determine what port numbers are used by the service. For this information, you may need to contact the manufacturer of the program that you wish to use. When you have the port number information, follow these steps: 1. Click Add Custom Service. 2.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Some considerations for this application are: • If your account’s IP address is assigned dynamically by your ISP, the IP address may change periodically as the DHCP lease expires. • If the IP address of the local computer is assigned by DHCP, it may change when the computer is rebooted. To avoid this, you can manually configure the computer to use a fixed address.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Figure 6-4: WAN Setup menu. • Connect Automatically, as Required Normally, this option should be Enabled, so that an Internet connection will be made automatically, whenever Internet-bound traffic is detected. In locations where Internet access is billed by the minute, if this causes high connection costs, you can disable this setting.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Note: DMZ servers pose a security risk. A computer designated as the default DMZ server loses much of the protection of the firewall, and is exposed to exploits from the Internet. If compromised, the DMZ server can be used to attack your network. Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the router unless the traffic is a response to one of your local computers or a service that you have configured in the Ports menu.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Using LAN IP Setup Options The LAN IP Setup feature is under the Advanced heading of the main menu. This feature allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and RIP. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on LAN IP Setup to view the LAN IP Setup menu, shown below. Figure 6-5: LAN IP Setup Menu The router is shipped preconfigured to use private IP addresses on the LAN side, and to act as a DHCP server.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the router. • IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN Subnet Mask of the router. Combined with the IP address, the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it, and which must be reached through a gateway or router. • RIP Direction RIP (Router Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V For most applications, the default DHCP and TCP/IP settings of the router are satisfactory. See “IP Configuration by DHCP” on page B-10 for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to assign IP addresses for your network. If another device on your network will be the DHCP server, or if you will manually configure the network settings of all of your computers, clear the ‘Use router as DHCP server’ check box. Otherwise, leave it checked.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Note: The reserved address will not be assigned until the next time the computer contacts the router's DHCP server. Reboot the computer or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew. To edit or delete a reserved address entry: 1. Click the button next to the reserved address you want to edit or delete. 2. Click Edit or Delete. How to Configure Static Routes Static Routes provide additional routing information to your router.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V 1. Click the Add button to open the Add/Edit Menu, shown below. Figure 6-7. Static Route Entry and Edit Menu 2. Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table. (This is for identification purpose only.) 3. Select Private if you want to limit access to the LAN only. The static route will not be reported in RIP. 4. Select Active to make this route effective. 5.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V When you first configured your router, two implicit static routes were created. A default route was created with your ISP as the gateway, and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192.168.61.x addresses. With this configuration, if you attempt to access a device on the 134.177.0.0 network, your router will forward your request to the ISP.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V 3. b. To allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet, select IP address range. Enter a beginning and ending IP address to define the allowed range. c. To allow access from a single IP address on the Internet, select Only this computer. Enter the IP address that will be allowed access. Specify the Port Number that will be used for accessing the management interface. web browser access normally uses the standard HTTP service port 80.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Turn UPnP On: UPnP can be enabled or disabled for automatic device configuration. The default setting for UPnP is enabled. If disabled, the router will not allow any device to automatically control the resources, such as port forwarding (mapping), of the router. • Advertisement Period: The Advertisement Period is how often the router will advertise (broadcast) its UPnP information. This value can range from 1 to 1440 minutes.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Syslog Server Port Number: Default value is 514. • Log Level: The value may be: – .Minimum (Default) – .Middle – .Debug – .Full Firmware Upgrade You install new versions of the router's software using the Router Upgrade page. Figure 6-10: Router Upgrade page Go to the NETGEAR Web site to get new versions of the router software. After downloading the file, you'll need to unzip (or unstuff) it before upgrading the router.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V This loads the new software in the router and causes the router to restart. Note: Do not try to go online, turn off the router, shutdown the computer or do anything else to the router until the router finishes restarting! When the Ready light stops blinking, wait a few more seconds before doing anything. 6. Click Router Status and check the Firmware Version to verify that your router now has the new software installed.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter. After each problem description, instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem. Basic Functioning After you turn on power to the router, the following sequence of events should occur: 1. When power is first applied, verify that the Power light 2. After approximately 10 seconds, verify that: is on. a. The power light is solid green. b.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Lights Never Turn Off When the router is turned on, the lights turns on for about 10 seconds and then turn off. If all the lights stay on, there is a fault within the router. If all lights are still on one minute after power up: • Cycle the power to see if the router recovers. • Clear the router’s configuration to factory defaults. This will set the router’s IP address to 192.168.61.1.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface If you are unable to access the router’s web Configuration interface from a computer on your local network, check the following: • Check the Ethernet connection between the computer and the router as described in the previous section. • Make sure your computer’s IP address is on the same subnet as the router.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Troubleshooting the ISP Connection If your router is unable to access the Internet, you should first determine whether the router is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP. Unless you have been assigned a static IP address, your router must request an IP address from the ISP. You can determine whether the request was successful using the web Configuration Manager. To check the WAN IP address: 1.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device, and ask them to use the router’s MAC address. OR Configure your router to spoof your computer’s MAC address. This can be done in the Basic Settings menu. Refer to “How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection” on page 3-11.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V You should see a message like this one: Pinging with 32 bytes of data If the path is working, you see this message: Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx If the path is not working, you see this message: Request timed out If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems: • Wrong physical connections — Make sure the LAN port LED is on.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V — Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning. — If your ISP assigned a host name to your computer, enter that host name as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu. — Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your computers.
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Appendix A Technical Specifications This appendix provides technical specifications for the TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter. Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols: TCP/IP, RIP-1, DHCP PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) Power Adapter All regions (output): 12V DC @ 1.
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Appendix B Network and Routing Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and networking. Related Publications As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet. The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Routing Information Protocol One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table. The TA612V adapter supports both the older RIP-1 and the newer RIP-2 protocols. Among other improvements, RIP-2 supports subnet and multicast protocols.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Class A Network Node Class B Network Node Class C Network Node 7261 Figure B-1: Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are: • Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an eight-bit network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range: 1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x. • Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network. For each unique value of the network portion of the address, the base address of the range (host address of all zeros) is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead. A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64,000 nodes. Most organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that can be reassigned. Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free, as shown below.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted-decimal notation. To use the table, write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted-decimal value of the additional subnet bits. For example, to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255.255.255.0 into 16 subnets (4 bits), the new subnet mask becomes 255.255.255.240. Table 7-1.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors, it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address. In order for this scheme to work, all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation. Private IP addresses assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.1 172.21.15.105 Internet 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.5 7786EA Figure B-3: Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall-like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V If a device sends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded, ARP is used. An ARP request is broadcast onto the network. All stations on the network receive and read the request. The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request. All other stations discard the request.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP-based local area network is installed, each computer must be configured with an IP address. If the computers need to access the Internet, they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addresses. As an alternative to manual configuration, there is a method by which each computer on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Stateful Packet Inspection Unlike simple Internet sharing routers, a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and intrusions. Since user-level applications such as FTP and web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic, it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection states.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Table B-1. UTP Ethernet cable wiring, straight-through Pin Wire color Signal 1 Orange/White Transmit (Tx) + 2 Orange Transmit (Tx) - 3 Green/White Receive (Rx) + 4 Blue 5 Blue/White 6 Green 7 Brown/White 8 Brown Receive (Rx) - Category 5 Cable Quality Category 5 distributed cable that meets ANSI/EIA/TIA-568-A building wiring standards can be a maximum of 328 feet (ft.) or 100 meters (m) in length, divided as follows: 20 ft.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Inside Twisted Pair Cables For two devices to communicate, the transmitter of each device must be connected to the receiver of the other device. The crossover function is usually implemented internally as part of the circuitry in the device. Computers and workstation adapter cards are usually media-dependent interface ports, called MDI or uplink ports.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Figure B-6: Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ-45 Plug at Each End Note: Flat “silver satin” telephone cable may have the same RJ-45 plug. However, using telephone cable results in excessive collisions, causing the attached port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V The TA612V adapter incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology (also called MDI/MDIX). Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection (e.g. connecting to a computer) or an uplink connection (e.g. connecting to a router, switch, or hub). That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V B-16 Network and Routing Basics 202-10037-01, March 2005
Appendix C Preparing Your Network This appendix describes how to prepare your network to connect to the Internet through the TA612V Broadband Voice Adapter and how to verify the readiness of broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider (ISP).
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V For the initial setup of your router, you will need to connect a computer to the router. This computer has to be set to automatically get its TCP/IP configuration from the router via DHCP. Note: For help with DHCP configuration, please use the Windows TCP/IP Configuration Tutorials on the NETGEAR CD, or in this appendix.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Record Your Internet Connection Information Print this page. Fill in the configuration parameters from your Internet Service Provider (ISP). ISP Login Name: The login name and password are case sensitive and must be entered exactly as given by your ISP. Some ISPs use your full e-mail address as the login name. The Service Name is not required by all ISPs.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Windows 3.1 does not include a TCP/IP component. You need to purchase a third-party TCP/ IP application package such as NetManage Chameleon. • Macintosh Operating System 7 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP/IP network. • All versions of UNIX or Linux include TCP/IP components. Follow the instructions provided with your operating system or networking software to install TCP/IP on your computer.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V You must have an Ethernet adapter, the TCP/IP protocol, and Client for Microsoft Networks. Note: It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter, TCP/IP, or Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need to install a new adapter, follow these steps: a. Click the Add button. b. Select Adapter, and then click Add. c.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V If you need Client for Microsoft Networks: 3. a. Click the Add button. b. Select Client, and then click Add. c. Select Microsoft. d. Select Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK. Restart your PC for the changes to take effect.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Verify the following settings as shown: • Client for Microsoft Network exists • Ethernet adapter is present • TCP/IP is present • Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Click on the Properties button. The following TCP/IP Properties window will display.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • By default, the IP Address tab is open on this window. • Verify the following: Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. If not selected, click in the radio button to the left of it to select it. This setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address. • Click OK to continue. Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V 2. Type winipcfg, and then click OK. The IP Configuration window opens, which lists (among other things), your IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. 3. From the drop-down box, select your Ethernet adapter. The window is updated to show your settings, which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP/IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway: • The IP address is between 192.168.61.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP/IP. The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows. DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon. • Select Control Panel from the Windows XP new Start Menu.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window. This box displays the connection status, duration, speed, and activity statistics. • Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window. • Click the Properties button to view details about the connection. • The TCP/IP details are presented on the Support tab page. • Select Internet Protocol, and click Properties to view the configuration information.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Verify that the Obtain an IP address automatically radio button is selected. • Verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically radio button is selected. • Click the OK button. This completes the DHCP configuration of TCP/ IP in Windows XP. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop. This will bring up a window called Network and Dial-up Connections. • Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties. • The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears. • Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using: box.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • With Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) selected, click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialogue box. • Verify that • Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. • Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected. • Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties. • Click OK again to complete the configuration process for Windows 2000. Restart the PC.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 Once you have installed the network card, you need to configure the TCP/IP environment for Windows NT 4.0. Follow this procedure to configure TCP/IP with DHCP in Windows NT 4.0. • Choose Settings from the Start Menu, and then select Control Panel. This will display Control Panel window. • Double-click the Network icon in the Control Panel window. The Network panel will display.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • Highlight the TCP/IP Protocol in the Network Protocols box, and click on the Properties button.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • The TCP/IP Properties dialog box now displays. • Click the IP Address tab. • Select the radio button marked Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. • Click OK. This completes the configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT. Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network. Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 To check your PC’s TCP/IP configuration: 1.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • 4. The default gateway is 192.168.61.1 Type exit Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking Beginning with Macintosh Operating System 7, TCP/IP is already installed on the Macintosh. On each networked Macintosh, you will need to configure TCP/IP to use DHCP. MacOS 8.6 or 9.x 1. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Control Panel opens: 2.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V 2. If not already selected, select Built-in Ethernet in the Configure list. 3. If not already selected, Select Using DHCP in the TCP/IP tab. 4. Click Save. Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers After your Macintosh is configured and has rebooted, you can check the TCP/IP configuration by returning to the TCP/IP Control Panel. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account For broadband access to the Internet, you need to contract with an Internet service provider (ISP) for a single-user Internet access account using a cable modem or DSL modem. This modem must be a separate physical box (not a card) and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer. Your firewall does not support a USB-connected broadband modem.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V • An IP address and subnet mask • A gateway IP address, which is the address of the ISP’s router • One or more domain name server (DNS) IP addresses • Host name and domain suffix For example, your account’s full server names may look like this: mail.xxx.yyy.com In this example, the domain suffix is xxx.yyy.com. If any of these items are dynamically supplied by the ISP, your firewall automatically acquires them.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V If an IP address appears under Installed Gateways, write down the address. This is the ISP’s gateway address. Select the address and then click Remove to remove the gateway address. 6. Select the DNS Configuration tab. If any DNS server addresses are shown, write down the addresses. If any information appears in the Host or Domain information box, write it down. Click Disable DNS. 7.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V Restarting the Network Once you’ve set up your computers to work with the firewall, you must reset the network for the devices to be able to communicate correctly. Restart any computer that is connected to the firewall. After configuring all of your computers for TCP/IP networking and restarting them, and connecting them to the local network of your TA612V adapter, you are ready to access and configure the firewall.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V C-24 Preparing Your Network 202-10037-01, March 2005
Glossary Use the list below to find definitions for technical terms used in this manual. List of Glossary Terms 10BASE-T IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. 100BASE-Tx IEEE 802.3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. 802.1x 802.1x defines port-based, network access control used to provide authenticated network access and automated data encryption key management. The IEEE 802.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V ADSL requires a special ADSL modem. ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world gain access. AES Advanced Encryption Standard, a symmetric 128-bit block data encryption technique. It is an iterated block cipher with a variable block length and a variable key length. The block length and the key length can be independently specified to 128, 192 or 256 bits.The U.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V The DMZ sits between the Internet and an internal network's line of defense, usually some combination of firewalls and bastion hosts. Typically, the DMZ contains devices accessible to Internet traffic, such as web (HTTP) servers, FTP servers, SMTP (e-mail) servers and DNS servers. DNS Short for Domain Name System (or Service), an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V transmits that identity to an authentication server such as RADIUS. The server asks the AP for proof of identity, which the AP gets from the user and then sends back to the server to complete the authentication. EAP is defined by RFC 2284. ESP Encapsulating Security Payload. ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID) is a thirty-two character (maximum) alphanumeric key identifying the wireless local area network.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V LDAP A set of protocols for accessing information directories. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP. A set of protocols for accessing information directories. LDAP is based on the standards contained within the X.500 standard, but is significantly simpler. And unlike X.500, LDAP supports TCP/IP, which is necessary for any type of Internet access. Because it's a simpler version of X.500, LDAP is sometimes called X.500-lite.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V MTU The size in bytes of the largest packet that can be sent or received. NAT A technique by which several hosts share a single IP address for access to the Internet. NetBIOS The Network Basic Input Output System is an application programming interface (API) for sharing services and information on local-area networks (LANs). Provides for communication between stations of a network where each station is given a name.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V PPPoE PPPoE. PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always-on connection by simulating a dial-up connection. PPP over ATM PPPoA. PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always-on connection by simulating a dial-up connection. PPP over Ethernet PPPoE.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V router A device that forwards data between networks. An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses. SSID A Service Set Identification is a thirty-two character (maximum) alphanumeric key identifying a wireless local area network. For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other, all devices must be configured with the same SSID. This is typically the configuration parameter for a wireless PC card.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V The TLS protocol is made up of two layers. The TLS Record Protocol ensures that a connection is private by using symmetric data encryption and ensures that the connection is reliable. The second TLS layer is the TLS Handshake Protocol, which allows authentication between the server and client and the negotiation of an encryption algorithm and cryptographic keys before data is transmitted or received. Based on Netscape’s SSL 3.
Reference Manual for the Broadband Voice Adapter TA612V If a remote network contains a WINS server, your Windows PCs can gather information from that WINS server about its local hosts. This allows your PCs to browse that remote network using the Windows Network Neighborhood feature. WINS WINS. Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows-based computer names to IP addresses. Wireless Network Name (SSID) Wireless Network Name (SSID) is the name assigned to a wireless network.
