Datasheet

ManualsBrandsNordic Semiconductor ManualsIntegrated Circuits (ICs)Radio transceiver 1.9...3.6 V 10 dBm 50 kBd QFN-32L

Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written permission of the copyright holder.

April 2008

Product Specification

Key Features

• True single chip GFSK transceiver in a small 32 pin

package (32L QFN 5x5mm)

• ShockBurst™ mode for low power operation

• Power supply range 1.9 to 3.6 V

• Multi channel operation – ETSI/FCC Compatible

• Channel switching time <650µs

• Extremely low cost Bill of Material (BOM)

• No external SAW filter

• Adjustable output power up to 10dBm

• Carrier detect for "listen before transmit" protocols

• Data Ready signal when a valid data packet is

received or transmitted

• Address Match for detection of incoming packet

• Automatic retransmission of data packet

• Automatic CRC and preamble generation

• Low supply current (TX), typical 9mA @ -10dBm out-

put power

• Low supply current (RX), typical 12.5mA

Applications

• Wireless data communication

• Alarm and security system

• Home automation

• Remote control

• Surveillance

• Automotive

• Telemetry

• Keyless entry

•Toys

nRF905

Single chip 433/868/915MHz Transceiver

Summary of content (41 pages)

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nRF905 Single chip 433/868/915MHz Transceiver Product Specification Key Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • True single chip GFSK transceiver in a small 32 pin package (32L QFN 5x5mm) ShockBurst™ mode for low power operation Power supply range 1.9 to 3.
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nRF905 Product Specification Liability disclaimer Nordic Semiconductor ASA reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the product to improve reliability, function or design. Nordic Semiconductor ASA does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuits described herein. All application information is advisory and does not form part of the specification.
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nRF905 Product Specification Writing conventions This product specification follows a set of typographic rules that makes the document consistent and easy to read. The following writing conventions are used: • Commands, bit state conditions, and register names are written in Courier. • Pin names and pin signal conditions are written in Courier bold. • Cross references are underlined and highlighted in blue. Revision history Date June 2006 April 2008 Version 1.4 1.
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nRF905 Product Specification Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7.1 7.2 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 10 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 11 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 12 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 13 Introduction ............................................................................................... Quick reference data................................................................................. Block Diagram ........................................................................
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nRF905 Product Specification 14 Ordering information................................................................................. 34 14.1 Package marking.................................................................................. 34 14.1.1 Abbreviations ................................................................................... 34 14.2 Product options..................................................................................... 34 14.2.1 RF silicon ..................................
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nRF905 Product Specification 1 Introduction nRF905 is a single chip radio transceiver for the 433/868/915MHz ISM band. The transceiver consists of a fully integrated frequency synthesizer, receiver chain with demodulator, a power amplifier, a crystal oscillator and, a modulator. The ShockBurst™ feature automatically handles preamble and CRC. You can easily configure the nRF905 through the SPI. Current consumption is very low, in transmit only 9mA at an output power of -10dBm, and in receive mode 12.5mA.
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nRF905 Product Specification 2 Quick reference data Parameter Minimum supply voltage Maximum transmit output power Data rate Supply current in transmit @ -10dBm output power Supply current in receive mode Temperature range Typical sensitivity Supply current in power down mode Value 1.9 10 50 9 12.5 -40 to +85 -100 2.5 Table 1. nRF905 quick reference data. Revision 1.
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nRF905 Product Specification 3 Block Diagram DVDD_1V2 (31) VDD (25) VDD (4) VDD (17) VSS (30) VSS (29) VSS (28) VSS (27) VSS (26) VSS (24) VSS (22) VSS (18) VSS (9) VSS (16) VSS (5) XC1 (14) MISO (10) SCK (12) CSN (13) TRX_CE (1) PWR_UP (2) TX_EN (32) ShockBurst AM (7) DR (8) uPCLK (3) Crystal oscillator CRC code/ decode Address decode Frequency Synthesiser VDD_PA (19) ANT1 (20) PA GFSK filter Manchester encoder/ decoder ANT2 (21) IREF (23) Figure 1.
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nRF905 Product Specification 4 Absolute maximum ratings Operating conditions Supply voltages VDD VSS Input voltage VI Output voltage VO Total power dissipation PD (TA=85°C) Temperatures Operating temperature Storage temperature Moisture sensitivity level Minimum Maximum Units -0.3 +3.6 0 V V -0.3 VDD +0.3 V -0.3 VDD +0.3 V 200 mW +85 +125 °C °C 260 °C -40 -40 Note: Stress exceeding one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. Table 2.
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nRF905 Product Specification 5 Electrical Specifications Conditions: VDD = +3V VSS = 0V, TEMP = -40ºC to +85ºC (typical +27ºC) Symbol VDD TEMP Parameter (condition) Supply voltage Operating temperature Notes Min. 1.9 -40 Typ. Max. 3.6 85 Units V ºC VDD-0.3 Max. VDD 0.3·VDD 5 ±10 VDD Units V V pF nA V VSS 0.3 V Max. Units µA Table 3.
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nRF905 Product Specification Symbol fOP fXTAL Δf BR fCH433 fCH868/915 Parameter (condition) Operating frequency Crystal frequency Frequency deviation Data rate Channel spacing for 433MHz band Channel spacing for 868/ 915MHz band Notes Min. 430 4 ±42 a b Typ. Max. 928 20 ±58 ±50 50 100 c 200 Units MHz MHz kHz kbps kHz kHz a. Operates in the 433, 868 and 915MHz ISM band. b. The crystal frequency may be chosen from 5 different values (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20MHz). c.
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nRF905 Product Specification Symbol C/I+5M C/I-5M C/I+10M C/I-10M C/IIM Parameter (condition) Blocking at +5MHz Blocking at -5MHz Blocking at +10MHz Blocking at -10MHz Image rejection Notes Min. a a a a a Typ. -70 -65 -69 -67 -36 Max. a. Channel Level +3dB over sensitivity, interfering signal a standard CW, image lies 2MHz above wanted. Table 8. Receiver operation Revision 1.
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nRF905 Product Specification 6 Current Consumption Crystal freq. Output clock Typical current (MHz) Freq. (MHz) Power Down 16 OFF 2.5uA Standby 4 OFF 12uA Standby 8 OFF 25uA Standby 12 OFF 27uA Standby 16 OFF 32uA Standby 20 OFF 46uA Standby 4 0.5 110uA Standby 8 0.5 125uA Standby 12 0.5 130uA Standby 16 0.5 135uA Standby 20 0.
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nRF905 Product Specification 7 Pin information 7.1 Pin Assignment TX_EN 32 DVDD_1V2 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VDD 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 VSS 23 IREF 22 VSS 4 21 ANT2 VSS 5 20 ANT1 CD 6 19 VDD_PA AM 7 18 VSS DR 8 17 VDD TRX_CE 1 PWR_UP 2 uPCLK 3 VDD nRF905 32L QFN 5x5 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 VSS MISO MOSI SCK CSN XC1 XC2 VSS Figure 2. nRF905 pin assignment (top view) for a 32L QFN 5x5 package Revision 1.
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nRF905 Product Specification 7.
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nRF905 Product Specification 8 Modes of Operation The nRF905 has two active (RX/TX) modes and two power saving modes: 8.1 • • 8.2 • • Active Modes ShockBurst™ RX ShockBurst™ TX Power Saving Modes Power down and SPI programming Standby and SPI programming The nRF905 mode is decided by the settings of TRX_CE, TX_EN and PWR_UP.
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nRF905 Product Specification 4. 5. If AUTO_RETRAN is set high, the nRF905 continuously retransmits the packet until TRX_CE is set low. When TRX_CE is set low, the nRF905 finishes transmitting the outgoing packet and then sets itself into standby mode. If TX_EN is set low while TRX_CE is kept high, the nRF905 finishes transmitting the outgoing packet and enters RX mode in the channel already programmed in the RF-CONFIG register.
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nRF905 Product Specification 8.5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Typical ShockBurst™ RX ShockBurst™ RX is selected by setting TRX_CE high and TX_EN low. After 650µs nRF905 is monitoring the air for incoming communication. When the nRF905 senses a carrier at the receiving frequency, Carrier Detect (CD) pin is set high. When a valid address is received, Address Match (AM) pin is set high.
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nRF905 Product Specification Radio in Standby TX_EN = LO PWR_UP = HI TRX_CE = HI ? NO YES Receiver is powered up Receiver Sensing for incomming data CD is set high if carrier Data Packet NO Correct ADDR? Preamble ADDR PAYLOAD CRC YES AM is set high Receiving data AM is set low NO Correct CRC? YES DR high is set high TRX_CE = HI ? NO DR and AM are set low DR and AM are set low MCU clocks out payload via the SPI interface MCU clocks out payload via the SPI interface Radio enters STBY R
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nRF905 Product Specification 9 Device Configuration All configuration of the nRF905 is through the SPI. The interface consists of five registers. A SPI instruction set is used to decide which operation shall be performed. The SPI can be activated in any mode however, we recommend that the chip is in standby or power down mode. 9.1 SPI Register Configuration The SPI consists of five internal registers. A register readback mode is implemented to allow verification of the register contents.
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nRF905 Product Specification 9.2 SPI Instruction Set The available commands used on the SPI are shown below. Whenever CSN is set low the interface expects an instruction. Every new instruction must be started by a high to low transition on CSN.
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nRF905 Product Specification CSN SCK MOSI C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0 MISO S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D1 5 D1 4 D1 3 D1 2 D1 1 D1 0 D9 D8 Figure 6. SPI read operation. CSN SCK MOSI C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0 MISO S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D1 5 D1 4 D1 3 D1 2 D1 1 D1 0 Figure 7. SPI write operation. Tcwh CSN Tcc Tch Tcl Tcch SCK Tdh Tdc MOSI C7 C6 Tcsd MISO C0 Tcd Tcdz S7 S0 Figure 8.
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nRF905 Product Specification 9.4 RF – Configuration Register Description Parameter CH_NO Bitwidth 9 HFREQ_ PLL 1 PA_PWR 2 RX_RED_ PWR 1 AUTO_ RETRAN 1 RX_AFW 3 TX_AFW 3 RX_PW 6 TX_PW 6 RX_ ADDRESS UP_CLK_ FREQ 32 UP_CLK_ EN 1 Revision 1.5 2 Description Sets center frequency together with HFREQ_PLL (default = 001101100b = 108d). fRF = ( 422.4 + CH_NOd /10)*(1+HFREQ_PLLd) MHz Sets PLL in 433 or 868/915MHz mode (default = 0).
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nRF905 Product Specification Parameter XOF Bitwidth 3 CRC_EN 1 CRC_ MODE 1 Description Crystal oscillator frequency. Must be set according to external crystal resonant frequency (default = 100). '000' – 4MHz '001' – 8MHz '010' – 12MHz '011' – 16MHz '100' – 20MHz CRC – check enable (default = 1). '0' – Disable '1' – Enable CRC – mode (default = 1). '0' – 8 CRC check bit '1' – 16 CRC check bit Table 15. Configuration register description 9.
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nRF905 Product Specification Byte # 0 1 2 3 TX_ADDRESS (R/W) Content bit[7:0], MSB = bit[7] TX_ADDRESS[7:0] TX_ADDRESS[15:8] TX_ADDRESS[23:16] TX_ADDRESS[31:24] Init value E7 E7 E7 E7 Table 18.TX address register Byte # 0 1 30 31 RX_PAYLOAD (R) Content bit[7:0], MSB = bit[7] RX_PAYLOAD[7:0] RX_PAYLOAD[15:8] RX_PAYLOAD[247:240] RX_PAYLOAD[255:248] Init value X X X X X X Table 19.
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nRF905 Product Specification 10 Important Timing Data The following timing must be obeyed during nRF905 operation. 10.1 Device Switching Times nRF905 timing PWR_DWN Î ST_BY mode STBY Î TX ShockBurst™ STBY Î RX ShockBurst™ RX ShockBurst™ Î TX ShockBurst™ TX ShockBurst™ Î RX ShockBurst™ Max. 3 ms 650 µs 650 µs 550 µsa 550 µs a. RX to TX or TX to RX switching is available without re-programming the RF configuration register. The same frequency channel is maintained. Table 21. Switching times for nRF905.
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nRF905 Product Specification 10.3 ShockBurst™ RX timing PWR_UP TX_EN TRX_CE RX DATA CD AM DR 650uS TIME 650uS to enter RX mode from TRX_CE being set high. T0 T1 T0 T1 T2 T3 = = = = T2 T3 Receiver Enabled -Listening for Data Carrier Detect finds a carrier AM - Correct Address Found DR - Data packet with correct Address/CRC Figure 10. Timing diagram for standby to receiving After the Data Ready (DR) has been set high a valid data packet is available in the RX data register.
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nRF905 Product Specification 11 Peripheral RF Information 11.1 Crystal Specification Tolerance includes initial accuracy and tolerance over temperature and aging. Frequency CL ESR C0max 4MHz 8MHz 12MHz 16MHz 20MHz 8pF – 16pF 8pF – 16pF 8pF – 16pF 8pF – 16pF 8pF – 16pF 150Ω 100Ω 100Ω 100Ω 100Ω 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF Tolerance @ 868/915 MHz ±30ppm ±30ppm ±30ppm ±30ppm ±30ppm Tolerance @ 433 MHz ±60ppm ±60ppm ±60ppm ±60ppm ±60ppm Table 22.
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nRF905 Product Specification 11.4 Antenna Output The ANT1 and ANT2 output pins provide a balanced RF output to the antenna. The pins must have a DC path to VDD_PA, either through a RF choke or through the center point in a dipole antenna. The load impedance seen between the ANT1/ANT2 outputs should be in the range 200-700W.
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nRF905 Product Specification The application operating frequency must be chosen to apply with the Short Range Device regulation in the area of operation. Operating frequency 430.0 MHz 433.1 MHz 433.2 MHz 434.7 MHz HFREQ_PLL [0] [0] [0] [0] CH_NO [001001100] [001101011] [001101100] [001111011] 862.0 MHz 868.2 MHz 868.4 MHz 869.8 MHz [1] [1] [1] [1] [001010110] [001110101] [001110110] [001111101] 902.2 MHz 902.4 MHz 927.8 MHz [1] [1] [1] [100011111] [100100000] [110011111] Table 24.
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nRF905 Product Specification 12 nRF905 features 12.1 Carrier Detect When the nRF905 is in ShockBurst™ RX, the Carrier Detect (CD) pin is set high if a RF carrier is present at the channel the device is programmed to. This feature is very effective to avoid collision of packets from different transmitters operating at the same frequency. Whenever a device is ready to transmit it could first be set into receive mode and sense whether or not the wanted channel is available for outgoing data.
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nRF905 Product Specification 12.5 RX Reduced Power Mode To maximize battery lifetime in application where the nRF905 high sensitivity is not necessary; nRF905 offers a built in reduced power mode. In this mode, the receive current consumption reduces from 12.5mA to only 10.5mA. The sensitivity is reduced to typical –85dBm, ±10dB. Some degradation of the nRF905 blocking performance should be expected in this mode.
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nRF905 Product Specification 13 Mechanical specifications nRF905 uses the QFN 32L 5x5 green package with a mat tin finish. Dimensions are in mm. Recommended soldering reflow profile can be found in application note nAN400-08, QFN soldering reflow guidelines, www.nordicsemi.no. Package A A1 A3 b D E e J K L N ND NE QFN32 Min. 0.8 0.0 0.18 3.2 0.2 0.35 (5x5 mm) Typ. 0.85 0.02 0.2 0.23 5 BSC 5 BSC 0.5 BSC 3.3 0.4 32 Max. 0.9 0.05 0.3 3.4 0.45 Figure 11. nRF905 package outline Revision 1.
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nRF905 Product Specification 14 Ordering information 14.1 Package marking n 9 Y 14.1.1 R F B 0 5 Y W W L X L Abbreviations Abbreviation 905 B X YY WW LL Definition Product number Build Code, that is, unique code for production sites, package type and, test platform. "X" grade, that is, Engineering Samples (optional). Two digit Year number Two digit week number Two letter wafer lot number code Table 25. Abbreviations 14.2 Product options 14.2.
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nRF905 Product Specification 15 Application Examples 15.1 Differential Connection to a Loop Antenna aaaaaaaa VDD C5 33pF 0603 C6 4.7nF 0603 VDD TRX_C E PWR_UP uPCLK VDD VSS CD AM DR VSS IR EF VSS ANT2 ANT1 VDD_PA VSS VDD nRF905 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 VSS MISO MOSI SCK CSN XC1 XC2 VSS aaaaaaaa CD AM DR SPI_MISO SPI_MOSI SPI_SC K SPI_C SN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 R2 22K C12 0603 27pF J1 Loop Antenna, 433MHz 35x20mm C9 3.9pF C10 6.
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nRF905 Product Specification 15.2 PCB Layout Example; Differential Connection to a Loop Antenna Figure 13. shows a PCB layout example for the application schematic in Figure 12. A double sided FR-4 board of 1.6mm thickness is used. This PCB has a ground plane on the bottom layer. Additionally, there are ground areas on the component side of the board to ensure sufficient grounding of critical components. A large number of via holes connect the top layer ground areas to the bottom layer ground plane.
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nRF905 Product Specification 15.3 Single ended connection to 50Ω antenna VDD C5 33pF C6 4.7nF 6.
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nRF905 Product Specification Component Description C1 NP0 ceramic chip capacitor, (Crystal oscillator) C2 NP0 ceramic chip capacitor, (Crystal oscillator) C3 NP0 ceramic chip capacitor, (PA supply decoupling) @ 433MHz @ 868MHz @ 915MHz C4 X7R ceramic chip capacitor, (PA supply decoupling) C5 NP0 ceramic chip capacitor, (Supply decoupling) C6 X7R ceramic chip capacitor, (Supply decoupling) C7 X7R ceramic chip capacitor, (Supply decoupling) C8 NP0 ceramic chip capacitor, (Supply decoupling) C9 NP0 ceramic chi
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nRF905 Product Specification Component Description L3 Chip inductor, (Impedance matching) @ 433MHz: SRF> 433MHz @ 868MHz: SRF> 868MHz @ 915MHz: SRF> 915MHz R1 0.1W chip resistor, (Crystal oscillator bias) R2 0.1W chip resistor, (Reference bias) U1 nRF905 Transceiver X1 Crystal, CL = 12pF @ 433MHz @ 868MHz @ 915MHz Size 0603 0603 0603 QFN32L/5x5 LxWxH = 4.0x2.5x0.8 Value Tol. 39 12 12 1 ±5% ±5% ±5% ±5% 22 ±1% 16 Units nH MΩ kΩ MHz ±60ppm ±30ppm ±30ppm Table 29.
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nRF905 Product Specification 15.4 PCB Layout Example; Single Ended Connection to 50Ω Antenna Figure 16. shows a PCB layout example for the application schematic in Figure 14. and Figure 17. shows a PCB layout example for the application schematic in Figure 15. A double sided FR-4 board of 1.6mm thickness is used. This PCB has a ground plane on the bottom layer. Additionally, there are ground areas on the component side of the board to ensure sufficient grounding of critical components.
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nRF905 Product Specification 16 Glossary of terms Term ADC AM CD CLK CRC DR GFSK ISM kSPS MCU PWR_DWN PWR_UP RX SPI CSN MISO MOSI SCK SPS STBY TRX_EN TX TX_EN Description Analog to Digital Converter Address Match Carrier Detect Clock Cyclic Redundancy Check Data Ready Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying Industrial-Scientific-Medical kilo Samples per Second Micro Controller Unit Power Down Power Up Receive Serial Programmable Interface SPI Chip Select Not SPI Master In Slave Out SPI Master Out Slave In SPI Ser