Doc ref: p:\p300\d-wp\p300h\p3x0h.wpd (& .pdf) Installation & Operating Handbook for P300 Series Satellite Modems (including P310 L-Band and Turbo FEC options) Handbook Issue 2.02, dated 23 February 2004 Covering software features up to and including V3.84 2003 EN 55022 - Class B EN 55024 EN 60950 PA R A D IS E D A TA C O M Paradise Datacom Ltd. Paradise Datacom LLC 1 Wheaton Road 1012 E. Boal Avenue Witham, Essex, CM8 3TD, England. Boalsburg, PA 16827, U.S.A. Phone 01376 515636 (Int + 44 1376...).
Table of Contents 1 EMC (ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY) AND SAFETY NOTICES . . . . . . . 7 1.1 1.2 EMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OFFSET QPSK (OQPSK) PRIMER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 6.6.11 Change, Tx/Rx, Modulator, FEC Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 6.6.12 Change, Tx/Rx, Mod/Demod, REED-SOLOMON Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 INTRODUCTION TO REED-SOLOMON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 6.6.13 Change, Tx/Rx, Mod/Demod, SCRAMBLER Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 6.10.4 Change, User-Opt, Operation, TERRESTRIAL Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.10.5 Change, User-Opt, Operation, Terrestrial, PCM BEARER CRC Menu . . . . . . . 6.10.6 Change, User-Opt, Operation, SATELLITE Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.10.7 Change, User-Opt, Operation, TERR/SAT Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.10.8 Change, User-Opt, Operation, ALARMS Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 APPLICATION NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 8.1 8.2 DOPPLER & PLESIOCHRONOUS BUFFERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DETERMINING CLOCKING SCHEMES AND BUFFER SIZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2.1 Clock Loop At One End: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2.2 No Clock Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPENDIX A: DATA INTERFACE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P1440 IN RS422 MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P1440 IN V.35 MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 EMC (ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY) AND SAFETY NOTICES IMPORTANT - PLEASE READ THIS INFORMATION BEFORE INSTALLATION AND USE 1.1 EMC (ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY) The P300 Modem Satellite Modems have been shown to comply with the following standards: Emissions: EN 55022 Class B; Limits and methods of measurement of radio interference characteristics of Information Technology Equipment.
Environmental The equipment is designed to operate in a static 19 inch rack system conforming to IEC 297-2. Operation of the equipment in transportable installations and vehicles equipped with the means of providing a stable environment is permissible. Operation of the equipment on vehicles, ships or aircraft without means of environmental conditioning may invalidate the safety compliancy. Please contact the factory for further advice.
2 INTRODUCTION 2.1 OVERVIEW This handbook describes how to install and configure the P300 Series Satellite Modems. This includes the original P300, the P300 Turbo, P310 L-Band and P311 mixed L-Band/IF Modems. Where ever reference is made to the P300 or P300 Series modem it applies to all products unless specifically noted. The P300 Series may be supplied equipped with different feature sets to suit different applications.
2.2 P300 SERIES FEATURES As this handbook covers the full feature set of the P300 Modem, some of the text will not be applicable to modems equipped with only a subset of the possibly functionality.
2.3 FEATURE SUMMARY Feature * means h/w option P300 Series Configuration Description VSAT IBS IDR TCM USER Base Modem U U U U Viterbi FEC * U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U IDR * U U U U U U PRBS Tester U Extended D/I U U U Custom Features U Sequential FEC * Turbo FEC (TPC) * INTELSAT Reed-Solomon Wideband IF High Data Rates Async ESC IBS/SMS Drop/Insert 8PSK/TCM BPSK/QPSK/OQPSK, 4.8kbps to 512 kbps modem RS422 / V.
2.4 FEATURE HIGHLIGHT This list highlights some of the notable features about the P300 Series Modems: All P300 Series Modems (ie base modem features) Variable data rate in 1 bps steps with fast acquisition even at low data rates BPSK, QPSK, and Offset QPSK (OQPSK) Viterbi FEC (to IESS 308/309), rate ½, 3/4 & 7/8 in BPSK, QPSK and OQPSK. 100Hz IF resolution RS422, V.35, and RS232 DCE interface on both EIA 530 25 pin and RS449 37 pin connectors.
P300 / P310 -IBS Additional Features INTELSAT Reed-Solomon Feature A fully INTELSAT compliant Reed-Solomon Codec providing Automatic selection of appropriate INTELSAT values of `n, k & t` and interleaving depth for data rate & service selected (n, k, t = 126, 112, 7 by default, switching to 225, 205, 10 or 219, 201, 9 with 4/8 deep interleaving as required for IDR & TCM/IDR) Provides improved low Eb/No performance in framed mode due to use of extended threshold frame sync algorithms Enhanced capabilities wi
P300 / P310 -IDR Additional Features IDR Option Satellite Framing in accordance with the IDR specification (to IESS 308), including: Standard IDR framing with 2 x 32 kbps ADPCM audio ESC, a synchronous 8kbps ESC data channel, and four backward alarms Enhanced features with the ‘Custom Features’ feature (see later) Independent ESC & Aux Ports to replace the shared ESC/Aux port of the base modem. The ESC and Aux ports are active in all framed modes.
P300 / P310 -TCM Additional Features 8PSK with rate TCM (50% bandwidth of QPSK ½ rate Viterbi) Extended D/I Feature The extended Drop/Insert provides significant extra features compared to the basic Drop/Insert feature set: Arbitrary & independent timeslot re-ordering for Drop & Insert Full support for G.
3 DESCRIPTION 3.1 OPERATION The P300 Series modem are fully software controlled and with the exception of the optional G.703 interface option there are no links or switches used to configure the unit. This enables all control and configuration to be performed either locally from the front panel, or by remote M&C. Local control is by front panel keyboard, and a large, easy to read, 80 character LCD display, with clear, intuitive menus for configuration and control.
3.4 FRONT PANEL FEATURES STATUS PA R A D IS E D ATAC O M RX OK TX OK P300 Series Satellite Modem TEST Tx path OK for 3.7days Rx path OK for 2.1days BER < 1E-12 MAIN STANDBY YES / ENTER 7 8 NO / PREV 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 9 P300 Modem front panel view Keyboard The keyboard is of the membrane type (an integral part of the front panel) which provide a direct tactile feel.
3.5 REAR PANEL DESCRIPTION At the rear of unit are all of the connectors necessary for the user to interface the Modem to the outside world; IF input and output to frequency conversion equipment, terrestrial data connection, station clock, alarms & AGC output, remote M&C, AC power and so on. 100-240Vac 0.3-0.
Rx IF input This connector is a BNC female and can be used as either a 50S or 75S input. The allowable signal level of the desired carrier at the input of the modem is from -60dBm to -30dBm (P310: -70dBm to -20dBm). A level of -45dBm is recommended. The maximum composite power level that should be applied to this port is 30dB above the desired carrier, up to a maximum of 0dBm (P310: Composite +35dBc to max of 10dBm).
of the most popular modes of the P1348/P1448 voice/data mux card used often in SNG applications. An RS232/RS422/RS485 Port for sync/async ESC traffic, this port replaces the shared ESC/Aux access via the Async ESC connector on the main unit. Used to provide access to the 8kbps synchronous IDR ESC channel. If the Async ESC feature is available (standard on P300-IBS and above) then Async access to the 8kbps channel is also available.
P300H “Async port” Sync/Async aux port (Sync with Octet timing) Dual 4 wire audio interface Sync/Async ESC.PORT (sync with octet timing) RS449/ EIA530/ TWIN BNC DATA PORT 3P 3P 2P 2P 3P 3P RS232/422/ 485 INTERFACE IDR OPT FITTED IDR ESC OPTION OUT RS422/V.
P300H P300 Series Modem Installation and Operating Handbook Page 22 To Deinterleaver From Interleaver TURBO SEQ VIT/TCM TURBO SEQ VIT/TCM Q I Q I DIGITAL DEMOD 10 ADC 8 50 MHz DUAL FIR FILTERS 8 P DAC DAC AMP ANTI-ALIASING LPF's SAW BPF 1 2 AMP Tx O/P POWER LEVEL CONTROL DAC DAC Tx PLL SYNTH LPF 4 DOWN CONVERT MIX VCA AGC AMP Rx PLL SYNTH 5dB INTEGRATOR P SWITCHED LPF BANK SWITCHED LPF FILTER BANK INPUT MATCH OUTPUT MATCH
4 SUMMARY OF SPECIFICATIONS Common Main Specifications Optional features are shown in [square brackets] Modulation BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, [8PSK] Frequency/Resolution P300: 50 MHz - 90 MHz, 100Hz resolution. [50 MHz - 180 MHz Wideband IF feature] P310: 950MHz - 1750MHz 100Hz resolution [950 MHz - 2150 MHz Wideband IF feature] Traffic Interface Electrical RS422, V.35 and RS232 software selectable (clocking can provide X.
f f [Viterbi, rate ½, ¾, or , k = 7 to IESS 308/309, 3 bit soft decision decoding] [Sequential rate ½, ¾, or to IESS 312, 2 bit soft decision decoding] Reed-Solomon outer FEC [Concatenated Reed Solomon outer codec to IESS 308/310] [Optional variable code rate] Reed-Solomon, Turbo, TCM, Viterbi, & Sequential are independent FEC options, all may be fitted simultaneously.
Harmonics and Spurious Better than - 55dBc/4 kHz Transmit On/Off Ratio 55dB minimum External Transmit Inhibit By external contact closure or by TTL signal applied to rear panel connector.
BER performance with concatenated RS Monitor Functions BER improvement depends on n and k values chosen, but a typical increase in coding gain of 3dB is possible over basic Viterbi mode. Measured FEC input BER (raw channel, not TCM) Estimated FEC output BER (not TCM) Measured Reed-Solomon input BER Estimated Reed-Solomon output BER Measured deframer FAW BER Measured Eb/No (not based on channel BER, range: 3.0-15.0dB, accuracy ±0.2dB).
Framing & Deframing Formats Closed Network (unframed) Closed Net plus ESC [Async ESC Feature] provides variable rate async ESC, optional synchronous scrambler above 32kbps to replace error multiplying V.35 scrambler, optional backward alarm facility, and optional Timeslot ID Maintenance when used with Drop/Insert, all in minimum possible overhead down to <0.5%. INTELSAT IBS & Eutelsat SMS [IBS/SMS Feature]. Framing to IESS 309 & IESS 310 INTELSAT IDR [IDR Option].
[Drop /Insert Feature] Bearer Types T1-D4, T1-ESF, and G.732. Timeslot Selection Independent selection of arbitrary timeslots for both Drop and Insert. Bearer Generation The terrestrial bearer may be looped through the Drop mux then Insert mux, or terminated after the Drop mux and a new blank bearer generated by the Insert mux.
ESC/Aux Port A single port provides the interface for optional high rate async ESC (IBS/SMS or Closed Net plus ESC), or the INTELSAT low rate async IBS ESC channel. Electrical Interface RS232, RS422, or RS485 external interfaces or internal link to Remote M&C port (software selected). No external cabling required between the ESC and M&C ports for M&C via ESC channel within overhead. Other devices externally wired in parallel with M&C port can also be accessed remotely.
Others IBS & Closed Net plus ESC facilities as before installation of IDR option, but now on ESC port on IDR card not shared ESC/Aux port of base unit. Aux Port RS232 or RS422 (software selected). Provides Clock and Data lines. IDR Provides 32 or 64 kbps access in place of one or both Audio ESC channels. IBS INTELSAT low rate ESC mode as previously but now via Aux port on IDR card not shared ESC/Aux port of base unit.
Entry Format Fault message with time & date.
Controller Intel 8032 micro controller provides all M&C functions Embedded Software Revised embedded software may be downloaded to FLASH memory with modem still in equipment racks. No EPROMs, no opening of the case. Configuration Memories Up to 10 different configurations can be stored & recalled from the front panel or remote M&C User Interface Clear & intuitive operator interface with plain English dialogue allows fast and efficient configuration of modem.
Power Supply 100-240 Volts AC +10% -15%, 47 - 63 Hz , P300: 40 watts maximum P310: 240W maximum (extra PSU for BUC) Rated maximum supply current 1A at 100V, 0.3A at 240V Fused IEC connector (Double pole / Neutral fused) Fuse rating T3.15AH 250V (3.15A fuse, time delay, high rupture current, for 250V supply) Maximum rating of fuse in supply plug or at the supply distribution board is 5A P310: Option (P324) for 48V DC primary input power.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1E-1 Test Conditions: FEC: Viterbi Rate: 128 kbps QPSK Ideal BPSK/QPSK TX: 140.0000 MHz 1E-2 RX: 140.0000 MHz V.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1E-1 Test Conditions: FEC: Sequential Rate: 64 kbps QPSK Ideal BPSK/QPSK TX: 140.0000 MHz 1E-2 RX: 140.0000 MHz V.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1E-1 Test Conditions: FEC: Sequential Rate: 2048kbps QPSK Ideal BPSK/QPSK TX: 140.0000 MHz 1E-2 RX: 140.0000 MHz V.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1E-1 Test Conditions: FEC: Rate 2/3 Pragmatic TCM Ideal BPSK/QPSK Rate: 2048 kbps 8PSK 1E-2 TX: 70.0000 MHz RX: 70.0000 MHz V.
P300 Modem Series, Error Probability versus Eb/No - Turbo Codec P300H P300 Series Modem Installation and Operating Handbook Page 38
5 INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION 5.1 UNPACKING Prior to unpacking, inspect the exterior of the shipping container for evidence of damage during transit. If damage is evident, contact the Carrier immediately and submit a damage report. Carefully unpack all items, taking care not to discard packing materials, particularly the moulded foam inserts. Should the unit need to be returned to Paradise Datacom, USE THE ORIGINAL PACKING CARTON. This is the only approved shipping container that Paradise recognises.
6 MENU SYSTEM 6.1 INTRODUCTION All configuration & monitoring features are accessed from the front panel via the menu system. Provided an operator has an understanding of how the menu system works, there is no need to try and memorise the menu structure itself, as selecting a single option (SETUP, INITIAL-CONFIG, explained later) will make the unit prompt for all needed configuration parameters. The structure of the menu system is however shown on the next few pages for reference.
TO COMPLETELY SETUP INITIALLY MAIN Main Menu 1:Status 2:Change 3:Monitor 4:Info 5:Log 6:Test 7:Setup 8:Action 7 7:Setup MAIN 1:Initial config 2:Config check Memories: 3:Store 4:Recall 5:Erase 1 1:Initial config MAIN Main Menu 1 2 3 Set Tx terrestrial rate: [0000000bps] (2400-4920000) ??????? (YES) Tx: 1:Service 2:Baseband 3:Clocking 4:Modulator 5:ESC/Aux 3 3:Clocking 1:Status 2:Change 3:Monitor 4:Info 5:Log 6:Test 7:Setup 8:Action 1 1:Status 6 0 9 Change: 1:Tx 2:Rx 3:Terr-Intfc 4:Rem M&C 5:U
6.2.
6.2.
6.2.
6.2.
6.2.
6.2.
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6.3 Status SCREEN DISPLAY When Status is selected the LCD switches to a display of the current modem status. This is a series of screens which are accessible from each other with the Up and Down keys. The available status screens are summarised in the following diagram: STATUS PA R A D IS E D ATAC O M RX OK TX OK P300 Series Satellite Modem TEST Tx path OK for 3.7days Rx path OK for 2.
CONFIGURATION SUMMARY Tx:70.0000MHz 2048k Rx:70.0000MHz 2048k CARR:Normal Eb/No>15.0dB LOCAL Info9 Configuration Summary Screen This screen displays a summary of the configuration on the top line. The lower line provides carrier unit and traffic messages such as "Carr:On", "Unit Fault" or "Traffic Warn", and the operator has to press the Down key to display the Tx & Rx Traffic Summary screen in order to determine what the fault is.
TRAFFIC SUMMARY SCREEN Tx Fault: Data input is all ones (AIS) Rx path OK for 36.8 hrs, BER <1 E12 Info9 Traffic Summary Screen (Tx top line, Rx bottom line) When there are no faults this screen shows how long since the last interruption for both paths (as for the lower line of the example shown), together with the carrier status for the transmit path and the Eb/No (discussed later) for the receive path.
DETAILED TRANSMIT TRAFFIC STATUS Tx OK since 08:25 4/6/97 Carr:Normal Demod 9 Detailed Transmit Traffic Status As with the Rx screen, this shows the date of the last interruption to the Transmit path, replaced with a more detailed two line description of any traffic fault/warning condition if it exists. Pressing down again selects the Demodulator Detailed Status. DETAILED DEMODULATOR STATUS Demod Stat: Eb/No: 8.
6.4 SETUP - INITIAL CONFIGURATION MENU When delivered, or if the non-volatile memory should ever be cleared, the unit must be completely configured using the SETUP, INITIAL CONFIG option. This takes the operator through all the sections of the CHANGE procedure described below to ensure all parameters are set. Only when 'SETUP, INITIAL-CONFIG' has been performed once can STATUS be selected from the main menu. This ensures operation is not selected until all critical parameters are specified.
6.6 CHANGE, TX MENU The Change, Tx menu is shown below. Note that options 2-5 are only displayed when the SERVICE option is set to something other than `Off`, and so initially, the screen may only show the SERVICE option. Tx: 1:Service 2:Baseband 3:Clocking 4:Modulator 5:ESC/Aux/BA Change, Tx Menu Taking each of these possible selections in turn: 6.6.
Custom 6.6.2 This allows the operator to select a framing format based on the standard IBS/SMS or IDR definitions, but with non-standard or extra features such as Minimum overhead framing, or Multidestinational IBS. A description of the features and menus which follow this choice are in section 7.1.1 "Change, Tx/Rx, Service, Custom Menu" on page 133. Change, Tx/Rx, Service, CLOSED NETWORK These screens are only shown if the Async ESC feature is available, standard on the P300-IBS and above.
If No ESC is chosen then the dialogue ends here, otherwise it proceeds with the Backward alarm option as follows: Backward Alarm facility:[?] 1=Normal (Back' Alm) 2=No Backward Alarm Change, Tx/Rx, Service, Closed Net, Plus ESC, BA Menu NORMAL A Backward alarm facility is provided causing a deferred alarm to be raised on this local equipment if the distant end Rx fails for any reason (eg local Tx failure, or distant Rx failure).
6.6.3 Change, Tx/Rx, BASEBAND Menu This menu allows selection of the Baseband mode of the Modem Tx BB: [?] 1=Continuous data 2=Drop Mux 3=Other function Change, Tx/Rx, Baseband Menu Continuous Data Selects normal continuous data interface operation, the menu dialogue for this continues in the next section. 6.6.4 Drop/Insert Mux This option is only shown if the Drop/Insert feature is available, standard on the P300-IBS and above.
Finally for data rate of 48kbps or 56 kbps, in IBS modes the Modem automatically activates the X.50 `bit stuffing` to convert to/from 64kbps (as defined for IBS operation). However in Custom IBS modes the operator is offered the option of not using this facility. In Normal IBS modes then with 48 or 56kbps data the satellite rate is 64kbps x 16/15, but in custom modes this can be reduced to just 48 or 56 kbps x 16/15 (or less if Minimum overhead mode is selected). 6.6.
The Modem hardware is capable of duplication and omission of timeslots, although the operator interface (described above) does not allow such selections. If this is a requirement, please contact the factory to discuss your needs.
For T1-D4 & T1-ESF bearer operation (with the Extended D/I feature available): T1 RBS over satellite: [?] 1=Normal (or no RBS) 2=Maintain RBS Change, Tx/Rx, Baseband, Drop/Insert, RBS Menu NORMAL (OR NO RBS) MAINTAIN RBS P300H Robbed Bit Signalling (RBS) is not in operation, or can be ignored. Robbed Bit Signalling (RBS) is in use with the least significant bit of each timeslot being used for signalling in frames 6 & 12 (D4) or 6, 12, 18, 24 (ESF) of the terrestrial multiframe.
Following either of these selections, the Modem counts how many timeslots are being accessed and determines how to maintain the Timeslot identity. Refer to the section on "Timeslot Identity Maintenance" in Appendix F on page 208. Wherever possible the Modem resolves the issues itself, but where there might be a compatibility issue between different modem vendors the modem prompts the operator for input. If operating with a G.
q If the Modem is in CUSTOM IDR mode (low rate format) then it is possible to maintain the Timeslot ID even with an IDR overhead structure. Refer to the section "Timeslot identity maintenance" in Appendix F on page 208 if a refresh is required. Note that this is only offered under Custom IDR to simplify normal IDR menu operation, but Custom IDR can be selected with all the possible custom features set to `Normal` to allow normal IDR operation, but with timeslot ID maintenance.
6.6.7 Change, Tx, CLOCKING Menu Paradise Datacom products have always provided a `Data Marginal` warning where the incoming data phase is monitored with respect to the clock. The Modem shows a `Data Marginal` warning on the front panel if the data changes at the instant where it should be stable (and is sampled by the modem) which would otherwise cause data errors with no fault indication.
the Rx Clock section) also source the Tx Clock as it is slaved to the Rx clock whatever the source. Note the P300 provides as standard the facility for Asymmetric Loop Timing (a $1000 option from some vendors). This means you can set Tx timing = Rx ref(=Sat) even if the Tx and Rx rates are different and it will generate the Tx Clock from the incoming satellite clock. This works for any combination of rates, it does not require the Rx rate to be higher than the Tx, or the rates to be in any way related.
6.6.8 Change, Tx, MODULATOR Menu Mod: 1:Freq 2:Mod’n 3:FEC 4:RS 5:Scr 6:Carr 7:Pwr 8:Spect Inv 9:AUPC Change, Tx, Modulator Menu Each option leads to the following menus: 6.6.9 Change, Tx/Rx, Modulator, IF FREQUENCY Menu Set IF Frequency: [70.0000MHz] 50-180MHz (100Hz) ???????? (YES) Change, Tx/Rx, Mod/Demod, IF Frequency Menu The operator is be prompted to enter the desired transmit frequency.
OFFSET QPSK (OQPSK) PRIMER When using Offset QPSK (OQPSK) modulation, the in phase and quadrature components of each symbol do not change together (as with QPSK), but instead one component is delayed by half a symbol compared to the other.
For Turbo FEC the FEC rate selection screen is as follows: Select Turbo Mode/Code rate, then (YES) [0.750 Industry de-facto 3/4 rate]89 Change, Tx/Rx, Mod/Demod, FEC Rate Menu (Turbo) The Turbo FEC code rate may be selected from the scroll list of preset rates displayed on the screen. pressing YES will accept the current FEC rate and return to the Change, Tx, Modulator menu.
6.6.12 Change, Tx/Rx, Mod/Demod, REED-SOLOMON Menu This option is only available if the INTELSAT Reed-Solomon feature is available (standard P300-IBS and above). INTRODUCTION TO REED-SOLOMON Reed-Solomon FEC is a powerful scheme `wrapped around` the normal inner FEC which may be used to correct the remaining errors from the normal Turbo, Viterbi, Sequential, or TCM inner FEC. The code rate is specified by three values `n`, `k`, and `t`.
The Reed-Solomon menu appears as follows: Tx RS outer codec: [?] 1=Off 2=INTELSAT n,k,t & depth 3=Other Change, Tx/Rx, Mod/Demod, Reed-Solomon Menu The Reed-Solomon outer FEC codec may be configured as follows: OFF The Reed-Solomon out FEC is disabled. Note that for testing the effectiveness of the RS codec, a test mode allows you to disable the RS decoder error corrections without removing the RS overhead (which changes the satellite data rate and therefore to a small extent the Rx Eb/No).
NORMAL Selects the appropriate scrambler based on the current configuration, and enables it (see table below). FEC: Service type: Closed Net (No ESC), Closed Net + ESC (<32kbps), IDR (& Custom IDR) Custom IBS without TS32 MF IBS/SMS, Closed Net + ESC (>=32kbps), Custom IBS with TS32 MF No Reed-Solomon Reed-Solomon Active Non Turbo Turbo Non Turbo Turbo V.
6.6.14 Change, Tx, Modulator, CARRIER Menu Carrier: [?] 1=Off 2=On 3=Muted after pwr brk 4=Intfc RTS Controlled Change, Tx, Modulator, Carrier Menu The state of the Transmit Carrier is selected as follows: OFF The carrier is off. ON The carrier will remain on, and after a power break it will automatically return to on.
6.6.16 Change, Tx/Rx, Modulator, SPECTRUM INVERT Menu Spectrum Invert [?] 1=Normal 2=Invert Change, Tx/Rx, Spectrum Invert Menu This menu allows the Tx Spectrum to be inverted, to cope with satellites or frequency conversion equipment which also inverts the spectrum. Note that apart from the fact that the modem will not lock onto an inverted spectrum, on a spectrum analyser the carrier is to all appearances unchanged. The operator is warned if SPECTRUM INVERT is active when SETUP-CHECK is requested.
6.6.18 Change, Tx, Modulator, AUPC, MODE Menu Set AUPC Mode: [Off] 1=Off 2=Mon dist' 3=Maint' EbNo 4=Self mon Change, Tx, Modulator, AUPC Mode Menu NOTE: You probably need permission from the satellite operators to use AUPC unless you have a blanket power budget which you may use as you see fit. The modes are as follows: OFF The modem disables the Auto Uplink Power Control, the Tx power will not adjust dynamically.
6.6.20 Change, Tx, Modulator, AUPC, MIN Menu Set AUPC max negative delta power [1.0dB] (0-25.0dB) ??.?dB (Yes) Change, Tx, Modulator, AUPC, Min Menu This allows the minimum delta power that the AUPC can use to maintain the distant Eb/No to be set. Normally the maximum delta power It is set to give the distant Eb/No a boost in poor atmospheric conditions, with any improvements in Eb/No caused by particularly good atmospheric conditions being considered a bonus.
This sets a `tolerance window` on the monitored Eb/No. The AUPC will only attempt to restore the monitored Eb/No to the target Eb/No when the monitored Eb/No moves outside the tolerance window. This It is to prevent the AUPC continuously adjusting the power to compensate for minor normal Eb/No variations. When the monitored Eb/No moves outside the tolerance window the AUPC will attempt to restore it back to the target value (ie not just back inside the tolerance window again). 6.6.
6.6.25 Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/AUX/BA Menu This dialogue is not available when the service is set at Normal Closed Network, and differs between Closed Net Plus ESC, IBS/SMS and IDR services.
IDR MODE ESC & AUX PORT DEFINITIONS 6.6.26 Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, DEFINE (IDR) Menu When operating in IDR or Custom IDR modes, the Define selection is as follows: IDR 8k ESC: [?] 1=Off 2=Sync 3=Async Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, Define (IDR), ESC Menu OFF The ESC port is disabled (and all ones is sent in the 8k ESC channel) SYNC Normal 8k synchronous access is provided on the ESC port. ASYNC This option is only available of the Async ESC feature is available (standard on P300-IBS and above).
IBS MODE ESC & AUX PORT DEFINITIONS 6.6.27 Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, DEFINE (IBS) Menu When operating in IBS or Custom IBS modes, the Define selection is as follows: Tx Aux Port: [?] 1=Off 2=INTELSAT low rate channel 3=Sync Channel Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, Define (IBS), Aux Menu OFF The Aux port is disabled. INTELSAT The Aux port provides the `low rate ESC` definition in IESS309 (which then refers back to IESS403).
The following menu's depend on the selections made for the Aux & ESC channels If the ESC port is OFF and the Aux port is set to Sync Channel then the following menu selects the overhead assigned to the Aux port: Sync Aux circuit o/h usage: [?] 1=Maximum 2:Custom Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA Define (IBS) Aux usage Menu MAXIMUM The maximum 21/32nds of the overhead is allocated to the Aux channel. This comprises TS16, TS32 bits 1, & 5-8, and TS48. Giving an Aux port synchronous data rate of 4.
6.6.28 Custom IBS Overhead Allocation Several of the above paths lead to the following screen where the available overhead can be allocated between the Aux port (if set to Sync Channel) and the ESC port (if set to Custom). This option is only available of the `Custom Features` feature is available (standard P300-TCM).
Note 1: Spare unless the unit is configured for 2048kbps, IBS G.732 mode, with spare bits of TS0 set to transparent (when these bits carry the spare bits). To summarise: In standard IBS modes up to (8+8+2+2+1+1) bits = 22/32nd of the overhead may be allocated to the ESC port, and up to (8+8+2+2+1) bits = 21/32nds of the overhead may be allocated to the Aux port. 21 of these bits are shared between ESC & Aux.
6.6.30 Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, Config Async, BAUD RATE Menu ESC Baud rate: [2400]89 (YES) (Max continuous rate is 2962) Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, Cfg. Async, Baud Rate Menu This menu allows the Baud rate for the external interface to the ESC channel to be set. Any rate can be set, although the maximum continuous rate supported is stated (calculated from the terrestrial rate, and async character format). Refer to section 8.6 "Determining exact maximum ESC Baud rates" on page 146 6.6.
6.6.33 Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, INTERFACES Menu This leads to the selection of the ESC and Aux interfaces. The interface selection screens are only shown for active ports, and so either or both may show in turn depending on how the ports are defined for use. If both are active then the ESC interface is selected first.
6.6.34 Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, AUDIO LEVELS Menu Audio levels: V1=-12.3dBm V2= 5.6dBm Press 1 or 2 then level 89, YES to fix Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, Audio Levels Menu This screen is used to set the levels for the Audio ESC ports. These are typical used in IDR modes for the Audio ESC channels, but may also be used when generating a 64kbps IBS carrier (comprising of 2 x 32kbps ADPCM audio channels only), or a 128kbps (comprising of 2 x 32kbps ADPCM audio channels plus 64kbps from the main data port.
6.6.35 Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, BACKWARD ALARMS Menu This screen is used to configure the four backward alarm inputs used in multi-destinational IDR or for lower rate multi-destinational operation in some of the Custom IBS modes. Back’ Alm 1234: [?] E=Ext A=Auto O=OK 1=EEEE 2=AEEE 3=AOOO 4=AAAA Change, Tx/Rx, ESC/Aux/BA, Backward Alarm Menu This screen is at first difficult to understand, but is relatively simple.
6.7 CHANGE, RX MENU Many of the Change Rx Menus are identical to the Change Tx menus, and a reference is made back to the Change Tx description rather than repeat the text unnecessarily. NOTE ON RX=TX FUNCTION The Change, Rx Menu has an extra feature over the Change Tx, namely the ability for the Rx path to track the majority of the Tx configuration parameters (Rx=Tx) to simplify the configuration in symmetrical links (ie the majority).
6.7.1 Change, Rx, SERVICE Menu See "Change, Tx/Rx, Service Menu" on page 54 6.7.2 Change, Rx, BASEBAND Menu The Continuous & Other menu options are identical to the Tx selections, see "Change, Tx/Rx, Baseband Menu" on page 57 The Insert Mux selection is the same as the Drop Mux selection except the prior to the same dialogue as on the Tx path two other questions are asked: Bearer routing (Loop Terr or Generate) & Partial Insert (All or Partial).
If Partial Insert is selected the following screen is displayed: Total data rate for ALL dest' from satellite: [1152000] ??????? (YES) Change, Rx, Baseband, Insert Mux, Partial, Total Rate Menu Normally, when using Drop / Insert, the modem determines the expected data rate from the satellite from the number of timeslots specified. However when using partial insert the data rate from the satellite has to be specifically set (as there is more data coming from the satellite than will be inserted).
6.7.3 Change, Rx, BUFFER / CLOCKING Menu Refer also to the following applications sections for helpful notes: 8.1 "Doppler & Plesiochronous Buffering" on page 140 8.2 "Determining Clocking Schemes & Buffer Size" on page 141 and "P1440 in X.21 Mode" on page 173 Buffer/Clocking: 1:Station clock input 2:Rx clock source 3:Buffer Size Change, Rx, Buffer/Clocking Menu These three options lead onto the following three Menus 6.7.
If the external 10MHz reference fails totally then it will be automatically replaced with the internal reference. If however it degrades (level, frequency or phase noise), then until it fails totally the modem will continue to use it as the synthesiser reference. 6.7.
reference in order to maintain the Rx traffic. If the modem is operating with asymmetric data rates, then the Rx PLL converts the Tx clock to the correct rate for the Rx data. Should the Tx clock input fail the PLL switches to the internal reference as backup in order to maintain the Rx traffic. INTERNAL The internal 1PPM frequency reference is used to source the clock towards the terrestrial.
6.7.6 Change, Rx, Buffer / Clocking, BUFFER SIZE Menu This menu is only available of the Rx Clk is not set to Satellite (ie Buffer Disable) ! Refer also to the following applications sections for helpful notes: 8.1 "Doppler & Plesiochronous Buffering" on page 140 8.
6.7.7 Change, Rx, DEMOD’ Menu The options available on this menu change if the Rx=Tx function (on the Change, Rx Menu) is active.
6.7.14 Change, Rx, Demod’ SWEEP Menu Demod sweep range: [Normal=±25kHz] 1=Normal 2=User Change, Rx, Demod’ Sweep Menu The operator has control of the sweep range of the Demodulator, but under normal circumstances `Normal` should be selected. Normal is defined as: BPSK, QPSK & 8PSK ±80% of `the recommended carrier spacing` or ±25 kHz, whichever is the lower. The recommended carrier spacing is 1.4 times the symbol rate (ie data rate + framing + FEC + Modulation).
1. Use Custom Sweep to narrow the sweep range to avoid the false lock, but be careful not to narrow it too much so it avoids the true carrier lock as well. DO NOT increase the sweep range, as this will guarantee to bring false locks within the Demod sweep. 2. Preferably, adjust the Rx IF Frequency to account for the true Rx carrier frequency (including offsets), then adjust the sweep range to 50% of the `Normal` value.
6.8 CHANGE, TERR-INTFC MENU The Change Terr-Interface Menu brings up one of two screens depending on the interface card fitted: Terr interface: 1:Electrical 2:Control Lines 3:Card specific Change, Terr-Intfc Menu Terr-Interface: Nothing to configure with card fitted (YES) Change, Terr-Intfc, Alternate Menu If there are parameters to configure with the interface card fitted, then the options are: 6.8.
For the first three options the dialogue terminates here, for G.703 it proceeds to the line code selection: Set G.703 line code: [?] 1=AMI 2=HDB3 (Normal) Change, Terr-Intfc, Electrical Menu, Line Code (if G.703) For E1 G.703 the line code selection is as shown above (AMI=Alternate Mark Inversion or HDB3=High Density Bipolar 3). For T1 G.703 the line code selection is between AMI and B8ZS (Binary 8 Zero Substitution). In both cases the NON-AMI option is most common so select this if in any doubt.
6.8.2 Change, Terr-intfc, CONTROL LINES This screen allows the operator to select whether the modem implements or ignores the interface handshake control lines: Interface control lines:[?] 1=Ignore all 2:Active-configure Change, Terr-Intfc, Control Lines Menu IGNORE ALL ACTIVECONFIGURE All the control lines are ignored, the dialogue ends here The three following screens are presented in turn allowing each line to be individually controlled.
6.9 CHANGE, REM-M&C MENU Remote M&C: [Local] 1:Configure 2=Remote 3=Local (Rem M&C timeout=120s) Change, Rem-M&C Menu This menu allows the remote M&C port to be configured, and control of the unit switched between local and remote.
6.9.2 Change, Rem-M&C, CONFIGURE Menu Remote M&C: 1:Protocol [Paradise] 2:Intfc [RS485] 3:Baud rate[2400] 4:Addr[123] Change, Rem-M&C, Configure Menu This menu configures the remote M&C port: The options are: PROTOCOL This allows selection between OFF, PARADISE/FDC, and SA-bus. Full details of the remote M&C protocols and messages is provided in the Remote M&C section in Appendix D. NOTE: Remote monitoring is possible with the selected protocol if the protocol is not set to OFF.
6.10 CHANGE, USER-OPT MENU User options: 1:Alarm thresholds 2:Operation 3:Display 4:Analog o/p Change, User-Opt Menu This screen allows access to all the user options, which are described in the following paragraphs. 6.10.1 Change, User-Opt, THRESHOLDS Menu Thresholds: 1:Final BER [1.0E-5] 2:Demod Eb/No [6.0]dB 3:Buffer slip [24]hrs 4:DISTANT Eb/No[8.
6.10.3 Change, User-Opt, Operation, ACTIONS Menu Actions: 1:Buffer auto centre 2:BER 3:AIS 4:Back’ Alarm Change, User-Opt, Operation, Actions Menu BUFFER AUTOCENTRE This selects if the receive buffer is automatically centred when the Rx traffic returns to OK from the fail state. This takes advantage of any outage, and ensures the buffer is centred every time normal operation begins.
6.10.4 Change, User-Opt, Operation, TERRESTRIAL Menu Terrestrial: 1:PCM Bearer CRC BER monitors: 2:Tx/Drop mux 3:Insert mux Change, User-Opt, Operation, Terrestrial Menu PCM BEARER CRC This option is only applicable when the unit is configured for Drop/Insert operation with a PCM bearer which supports CRC (T1-ESF or G.732). When appropriate this accesses a sub menu which is discussed in the following section.
6.10.6 Change, User-Opt, Operation, SATELLITE Menu Satellite: 1:BER est’ 2:IBS MF period 3:Carrier ID’s 4:Back alm map 5:IF-50/75 S Change, User-Opt, Operation, Satellite Menu BER ESTIMATE This selects the source for the USER BER estimate displayed on the Receive Status Screens, and compared to both the Deferred USER BER alarm, and BER > 1 x 10-3 alarm thresholds. The selection is from: AUTO The unit selects the most appropriate source.
three ID's to be set (0-255 for each), and also displays the corresponding ID's from the incoming Rx carrier. Default: all 255 BACK ALM MAP In Custom IBS Modes it is possible to operate an IBS style service, and allow the use of four independent backward alarms (as for IDR) for use on multidestinational services.
6.10.8 Change, User-Opt, Operation, ALARMS Menu Customer specific requirements: 1:Relay mode [0] 2:Fault mode [0] Change, User-Opt, Operation, Alarms Menu The two options under this menu are to enable Paradise to add customer specific features to the standard software and avoid having special versions of software for specific customers.
6.11 CHANGE TIME/DATE MENU Now: 11:29:35 on 12/06/97 - OK (yes) 1 Time adjust, 2 Date Adjust Change, Time/Date Menu This menu is self explanatory, and allows the user to set the correct time and date so that events added to the traffic log are correctly time stamped.
6.12 CHANGE, BUC/LNB MENU BUC/LNB: 1:Tx/BUC 2:Rx/LNB 3:Tune Ref Change, BUC/LNB Menu This screen allows access to all the features relating to the BUC/LNB or RF chain that follows the modem. Although most of these facilities relate to the P310 L-Band version of the modem, certain options such as Tx/Rx Frequency Offsets (which allow the IF frequencies to be entered and displayed as final SHF frequencies) are also relevant and useful on the standard 70MHz/140MHz P300.
6.12.2 Change, BUC/LNB, Tx/BUC, BUC TYPE Menu This screen is only available on P310 L-Band modems. BUC Attached:[?] 1=None 2=Other 3=Std Ku 4=Ext Ku 5=Std C 6=INSAT C 7=PALAPA C Change, BUC/LNB, Tx/BUC, BUC Type Menu 1 Options other than None or Other are only displayed if the FSK communications option is present within the P310, and refer to standard Paradise BUC’s (with which the modem can communicate by FSK).
TERMINAL The Modem takes control of the BUC to act as an integrated terminal, and the two together respond as follows: ‚ The modem IF output level screens are replaced by a screen allowing the operator to set the output power at the BUC flange. ‚ The Modem continuously reads the monitored power output from the BUC, and automatically varies the modem IF level and BUC attenuator to maintain the set power at the BUC flange (ie compensates for temperature changes in cable, equipment etc).
6.12.4 Change, BUC/LNB, Tx/BUC, SHF FREQUENCY Menu This screen is available on both 70MHz/140MHz P300 modems and P310 L-Band modems, and allows the modem to be set to display and edit the final SHF frequencies instead of the IF frequencies. When the BUC Type has been set to a known Paradise BUC and the modem has the FSK communications option then this setting is done automatically and the menu option to manually set the frequency shift is not presented.
6.12.6 Change, BUC/LNB, Tx/BUC, BUC CONTROL Menu This screen is only available on the P310 L-Band modem if the BUC Type has been set to a known Paradise BUC, the modem has the FSK communications option, and the Modem/BUC are set in Independent mode. In the alternative Terminal mode (with Closed loop power control to the BUC flange) the BUC is kept On and the BUC attenuator automatically controlled. 1:BUC On/Off[On ] 2:BUC Attenuator[7dB] (Power at BUC reads: 32.
6.12.7 Change, BUC/LNB, Rx/LNB Menu Rx/LNB: 1:LNB Type 2:DC & References 3:SHF Frequencies Change, BUC/LNB, Rx/LNB Menu Options for LNB Type, and DC & References are only offered on L-Band modems. Each option is defined in the following paragraphs. 6.12.8 Change, BUC/LNB, Rx/LNB, LNB Type Menu LNB Attached[?] 1=None 2=Other 3=3.625-4.2G 4=10.95-11.45G 5=10.95-11.7G 6=11.2-11.7 7=11.7-12.2 8=12.25-12.
6.12.9 Change, BUC/LNB, Rx/LNB, DC & REFERENCES Menu Rx/LNB: 1:DC Supply[15V] 2:10M Ref[Off] Change, BUC/LNB, Rx/LNB, DC & References Menu DC SUPPLY The P310 L-Band modem can supply either 15V or 24V at 500mA to the LNB `up the coax` or `line powered`. The option available here are Off, 15V or 24V. CAUTION: Needless to say severe damage may occur if a DC supply (or the wrong voltage DC supply) is fed to a LNB not configured for being `Line powered`.
6.12.11 Change, BUC/LNB, Tune Ref Menu This screen is only shown if a tuneable internal reference is fitted (ie something other than the default 1PPM reference). Tune Reference:[50]% 89 to nudge YES to accept, NO to cancel Change, BUC/LNB, Tune Ref Menu This screen allows the internal reference oscillator to be calibrated up to about +/- 1PPM (the actual range depends on the exact oscillator option chosen) to compensate for ageing of the quartz crystal.
6.13 MONITOR MENU Monitor: 1:Demod performance 2:Terrestrial BER 3:Carrier ID’s 4:Distant Eb/No & BER 5:AUPC 6:BUC Monitor Menu Each of these options is now discussed in turn. 6.13.1 Monitor, DEMOD PERFORMANCE Menu Eb/No:10.3dB, To FEC:6.8E-4, To RS:7.8E-7 FAW BER:<1.0E-12, Final BER:<1.
6.13.3 Monitor, CARRIER ID's Menu This screen is only available if the receive service supports the transmission of the three identity bytes in the TS32 Multiframe. This includes IBS/SMS modes, Closed Net Plus ESC modes above 32kbps and Custom IBS modes with a TS32 multiframe.
6.13.5 Monitor, AUPC Menu This screen is only available when the AUPC feature is set to `Maintain Eb/No` or `Self Monitor` (refer to AUPC in section 8.11.1 on page 154) when the AUPC is controlling the Tx power. The first line displays either `Distant Eb/No` or `Self monitor` respectively, the lower line shows the target Eb/No along with its tolerance window, and the current AUPC delta power.
6.14 INFO MENU Info: 1:This unit 2:Supplier 3:View Config 4:Terr-Intfc 5:Features 6:BUC/LNB Info Menu The options are as follows: THIS UNIT This screen displays the modem number, serial number and software version. Pressing Down Arrow leads to further screens which give the identity of the subboards and interfaces fitted to the equipment. SUPPLIER This screen (together with screens accessed by the down arrow) give the manufacturer with contact fax and phone numbers, and e-mail addresses.
6.15 LOG MENU Traffic Log: [43]entries 1:View 2:Print 3:Clear 4:Autolog Log Menu The Log menu allows the operator to view, print or clear the internal 1000 event traffic log. The Autolog option allows the operator to have certain parameters added to the traffic log at regular intervals. The traffic log is a circular store of 1000 locations, events not viewed or printed are lost after 1000 subsequent events. The options are as follows: VIEW This allows the log to be viewed on the LCD.
Each option is as follows: BUFFER % The buffer fill state is logged every period this allows fill trends to be monitored Eb/No The average AND worst case Eb/No for the period are logged at the end of the period. USER BER The average AND worst case estimated USER BER are logged at the end of the period. BERT BER The BER as measured by the internal BER Tester (BERT).
6.16 TEST MENU The test menu is as shown below, and leads on to the menu’s described in the following few paragraphs. When either a loopback or test mode are active, the TEST LED on the front of the equipment illuminates. Test: 1:Loopbacks [Off] 2:RF & FEC [Off] 3: PSU/Temp 4:Int BERT [ESC] Test Menu Each of these options is now discussed in turn: 6.16.1 Test, LOOPBACKS Menu Loop (now Intfc): 1 Off, 2 Interface (L+R), 3 FEC (L), 4 I.F.
Options displayed on the second screen include all of the above, plus: D/I (L) The data is looped back after the Drop mux, through the Doppler buffer, back into the Insert mux providing a local loop only. The Tx data continues to be transmitted and the Rx data from the satellite is ignored. If Drop/Insert baseband processing is not active, this loops the data at the output of the baseband block (ie it works even if Drop/Insert is not active). ESC & Aux channel data is NOT looped.
6.16.2 Test, RF & FEC Menu Test modes: [Off] 1=Off 2:Tx CW 3:Tx Alt 1,0 4=RS corrections disable Test, RF & FEC Menu The test modes available are: OFF All test modes are cancelled. TX CW Selecting TX CW causes a pure carrier to be transmitted. This is useful for evaluating phase noise and spurious, but should not be used over a live satellite link. TX ALT 1,0 Selecting TX alt 1,0 causes an alternating 1,0,1,0.... pattern to be fed to the modulator at the symbol rate.
6.16.4 Test, INT' BERT Menu (Software>V2.34) Internal BERT: 1=Off 2:Channel [ESC] 3:Pattern[2^15-1] 4:Mode[Manual] 5:Results Test, Internal BERT Menu The internal Bit Error Rate Tester (BERT) is only available if the `PRBS Tester` feature is available (standard on P300-IDR and above). It is a powerful feature capable of monitoring and Auto-Logging the BER of the receive satellite path, even while the main data channel of the link is carrying normal traffic.
6.16.5 Test, Int' BERT, OFF/CHANNEL Menu Channel for BER Test: [ESC] 1:Main data 2=ESC 3=Aux Test, Internal BERT, Channel Menu The test may run through the Main, ESC or Aux channels. MAIN This first generates an `are you sure` screen before substituting the PRBS in place of the Tx main traffic channel and monitoring for errors on the Rx Main traffic channel.
the available overhead not already in use by the ESC channel. This can provide a channel of up to 4.4% of the main data rate. If the `Custom Features` feature is available (standard on P300-TCM), then the overhead may be user assigned between the ESC & Aux channels, allowing the desired Async ESC rate to be achieved for distant end M&C (but not massively exceeded), leaving any spare overhead to maximise the Aux channel data rate for BER testing.
6.16.6 Test, Int' BERT, PATTERN Menu BERT Pattern: [2^15-1] 1:2^11-1(2047) 2:2^15-1 3:2^20-1 Test, Internal BERT, Pattern Menu The test pattern may be selected to be one of three standard patterns as 211-1(2047), 215-1, or 220-1. 6.16.
6.16.8 Test, Int' BERT, RESULTS Menu BERT:Sync OK Loss#:0 Rate:32000bps Errors:328 Time:1.0min BER:1.
(ie both are in proportion). This would not be the case if we did not count the bits received, and simply assumed that the error rate was / (
6.19 HELP MENU Help: 1:Emergency Tx Carrier Off 2:Menu operation 3:Glossary Action Menu The options on this menu are as follows: EMERGENCY TX CARRIER OFF This provides a short route to switch off the Tx carrier in an emergency. It is operational even when under Remote M&C and normal access to the carrier on/off control is disabled (along with most other local control). A single further submenu provides the `are you sure` type check, pressing 1 at this next menu will switch off the Tx carrier.
6.20.1 Service, USER PARAMETERS Menu User: 1:Lock Kbd 2:Clr Cfg 3:Clr All+Reset 4:Fan [Auto] Service, User Parameters Menu The options are: LOCK KBD This locks the keyboard after displaying a screen showing the unlock code. As with all Paradise equipment the unlock code is simply the product number (eg 300). The unlock code is displayed before the keyboard is locked on the Modem, as we had quite a few calls to the technical support line which start off “I’ve just selected Lock Keyboard from the menu and .
7 MENU SCREENS FOR SPECIALIST OPTIONS The following sets of menu definitions are shown in this separate section in order not to complicate the earlier section dealing with basic menu operation. 7.1 CUSTOM FRAMING MENUS These features are only available if the `Custom Features` feature is available together with the corresponding IBS or IDR options (standard on P300-TCM). Refer also to the section Closed Network Plus ESC via the Custom Service menu in section 8.7.2 on page 148. 7.1.
INTELSAT V.35. This results in an increase in the error rate, as the V.35 scrambler multiplies any errors on the channel by a factor of three. Both options lead on to the following question: Backward Alarm:[?] 1=Normal 2=No Backward Alarm facility Change, Tx/Rx, Service, Custom, IBS, Backward Alarm Menu NORMAL A Backward Alarm is sent (Tx) or detected (Rx) as normal NO BACK' ALM No Backward Alarm is sent (Tx) or received (Rx).
' three error rate improvement due to using the IBS/SMS scrambler instead of the V.35 scrambler, the ESC channel and the backward alarm facility). The operator can set the ESC channel Baud rate to 9600 Baud even at low data rates. For example at 64kbps the high rate ESC would normally provide a 2400 Baud channel, but if 9600 Baud is set in Minimum overhead mode, the overhead will scale to provide it.
The modes selected by these two menu's are as follows: NORMAL:96K The normal IDR overhead is used 1XAUDIO:64K The overhead is reduced to 64kbps, the 32kbps defined for Audio ESC channel 2 is not transmitted. The 32kbps for [FAS + Back Alarms + 8K sync ESC channel], and Audio ESC channel 1 are still transmitted. NO AUDIO:32K The overhead is reduced to 32kbps, both 32kbps channels defined for ESC audio are not transmitted. The 32kbps for [FAS + Back Alarms + 8K sync ESC channel] alone is transmitted.
7.2 IBS/SMS OPERATION WITH 2048KBPS CONTINUOUS DATA 7.2.1 Change, Tx/Rx, Baseband, Continuous, 2048k G.732 Menu (IBS) 2048kbps IBS/SMS operation is a special case, in which there are two modes of operation. These modes are confusingly referred to as 1920/1984kbps and 2048kbps mode in the IBS/SMS service definitions, but both operate with a 2048kbps terrestrial data rate ! 2048K IBS mode: [?] 1=Normal (6.7% overhead) 2=G.732 (0% overhead) Change, Tx/Rx, Baseband, Continuous, 2048k G.
Whether CAS or NO CAS is selected, the following prompt appears: Timeslot re-order option: [?] 1=Normal (linear) 2=Re-order Change, Tx/Rx, Baseband, Cont', 2048k IBS, G.732, TS Menu The Modem can re-order the timeslot data in the G.732 frame prior to transmission along with the CAS signalling if CAS was selected (although this feature is only available if the Extended D/I feature is available, standard on P300-TCM).
7.3 CUSTOM IDR OPERATION WITH 2048KBPS CONTINUOUS DATA 7.3.1 Change, Tx/Rx, Baseband, Continuous, 2048k Menu (IDR) If Custom IDR operation based on the Low (T1/E1) IDR format has been selected and the continuous data rate is 2048kbps, then the Modem can offer Timeslot Identity Maintenance and Timeslot Re-ordering features (see the section on "Timeslot Identity Maintenance" in Appendix F on page 208). These features are only available if the Extended D/I feature is available (standard on P300-TCM).
8 APPLICATION NOTES 8.1 DOPPLER & PLESIOCHRONOUS BUFFERING There are two terms commonly used when referring to the receive buffering, namely Doppler and Plesiochronous. Doppler: Receive Doppler buffering is required because the incoming data from the satellite is subject to Doppler shift, which occurs in an approximately 24 hour cycle. The Doppler shift is due to the satellite movement relative to the earth and is directly proportional to its station keeping accuracy.
8.2 DETERMINING CLOCKING SCHEMES AND BUFFER SIZE Please note that unless the clocking scheme has been discussed and agreed by both ends of the link, it is unlikely to work reliably ! You need to know the following things: Incoming Rx carrier : 1. Is your Tx clock looped back to you at the distant end ? 2. If not, what is the accuracy of the clock they are transmitting. Outgoing Tx carrier: 1. Are you looping the incoming Rx clock (Tx Clock = Rx, or clock looped by the equipment or cables your end). 2.
These require careful consideration based on the exact situation. If you have questions relating to this subject, and are willing to at least draw a diagram of the system you are implementing then you are welcome to contact us by fax for advice for your exact application. 8.2.3 Determining Buffer Size Use the following calculation to determine the buffer size required for any application: If and and Lc is the local clock accuracy (e.g. ±1 x 10-9), Rc is the remote clock accuracy (e.g.
8.3 PARTIAL INSERT AND MULTIDESTINATIONAL WORKING Partial Insert is only available if the Extended D/I feature is available (standard on P300-TCM). In a typical scenario, there may be a 2048kbps incoming carrier, containing say 8 timeslots (512kbps) for this destination. When set to All the full 2048kbps has to be received and passed to the terrestrial.
8.4 CHOOSING OPTIMUM CUSTOM VALUES OF RS N&K Complete variable code rate Reed-Solomon is available if both the INTELSAT Reed-Solomon and `Custom Features` features are both available. Note that there is nothing magic about the INTELSAT values, except that they were approved by INTELSAT ! They were chosen because one modem manufacturer could not generate clocks which were not a multiple of 8kHz, and these non-optimum values make the satellite clock an 8kHz step.
For some applications, particularly when operating with lower data rates, a reduction in the processing delay associated with Reed-Solomon FEC is the prime goal. In such circumstances use the `Custom Features` feature and select shorter codewords to reduce the encoder / decoder & interleaver / de-interleaver delay. For example switching from INTELSAT standard values of n, k, t = 126, 112, 7 to 64, 56, 4 provides approximately the same correction ability (7 in 126 = 5.5% and 4 in 64 = 6.
8.6 DETERMINING EXACT MAXIMUM ESC BAUD RATES Should you wish to determine the exact maximum ESC Baud rates, in order to change the overhead allocation to achieve specific ESC rates with specific overheads, then the following section may be useful.
8.7 CLOSED NETWORK PLUS ESC 8.7.1 Overhead Rates The following table shows example overhead rates for different async ESC Baud rates at a variety of main channel data rates. The table was generated (using a modem) with the async character format set for 8 bits no parity, the overhead percentages will vary slightly for async character formats different from this. Figures: Overhead rate with backward alarm [/ Overhead rate without backward alarm, if different] Main data channel rates ESC rates 9.
8.7.2 Closed Network Plus ESC via the Custom Service menu Early versions of the embedded code for the P400 Series of satellite modems did not directly provide a Closed Net Plus ESC option, although the feature is still available (under a different name) from the Custom Service menu dialogue. If you wish to use Closed Net Plus ESC on a P400 series modem it is probably easier to load the modem with the latest embedded code (downloadable from our Web site) and use the Closed Net Plus ESC facility directly.
`Delayed Character Mode` is generally not a show stopper, but can cause issues with packet based communications. At Paradise we have only been able to make the ESC channel enter this `delayed character mode` by setting up a pair of modems in intentionally mis-matched configurations.
8.8 CROSS REFERENCE TO SDM300 D/I & FRAMING MODES. The P300 Series Modems are equipped with the Drop/Insert and possibly the Extended Drop/Insert features can provide all the Drop/Insert functions of competing equipment such as the SDM300.
T1_ESF & T1_ESF_S: 1544kbps Extended Super Frame (_S Special) The P300 Modems do not require the _S `Special` mode to support N=9 and N=18, as the P300 Modem equipped with the Extended D/I feature (standard on P300-TCM) can support any value of N. Simply configure as follows: 1. Select Change, Tx, Service, IBS/SMS 2. Select Change, Tx, Baseband, Drop Mux, T1-ESF. 3. Select the number of timeslots to drop 4. Select Leave or Replace with Idle code as required. 5.
8.9 V.35 SCRAMBLERS In all cases, setting the P300 Modem scramblers to Normal will implement the correct scrambling to match the configuration you have the modem in (ie Closed network, IBS, or IDR, with or without Reed-Solomon). Only read this section if you are having trouble interworking two manufacturers equipment which you think is scrambler related (or just for interest !). Note that there are no known incompatibilities between any manufacturers synchronous IBS or synchronous Reed-Solomon scrambling.
The following table defines what happens when differing scramblers are interworked Scrambler Descrambler CCITT INTELSAT FDC Linkabit OK 1x10-8 error rate* Hopeless Data invert and 1x10-8 error rate* 1x10-8 error rate* OK Hopeless Data invert Hopeless Hopeless OK Hopeless Data invert and 1x10-8 error rate* Data Invert Hopeless OK CCITT INTELSAT FDC Linkabit * Pattern Dependent 8.
8.11 INTRODUCTION TO AUPC (AUTOMATIC UPLINK POWER CONTROL) Note: Authorisation from the satellite operator is probably required before AUPC is activated. 8.11.1 Introduction AUPC provides a mechanism to counteract changes in atmospheric conditions (eg rain), which in turn affects the attenuation of the atmosphere and can degrade the performance of a satellite link.
In Maint' Eb/No mode the Target Eb/No has to be set as well as a Tolerance window. Only when the target Eb/No tolerance is exceeded is the Tx power adjusted to bring the distant Eb/No back to the target value. The Tx power will only continue to be adjusted automatically until the Eb/No settles on the target value. This prevents continual Tx power variations under normal minor thermal noise variations.
The AUPC can also be set in self monitor mode (Self Mon). This is used when a single Tx carrier is used to broadcast information to multiple Rx sites. Provided the local modem Rx path is locked to this broadcast carrier then the local Eb/No indicates any atmospheric changes on the local end satellite uplink and down link. In this mode the AUPC controls the local Tx power by directly monitoring the local Eb/No.
for the distant Eb/No and distant end Eb/No responses between M&C messages using the ESC channel. If the ESC interface is set to RS485, then the external RS485 interface will be disabled and the AUPC will use 100% of the ESC channel bandwidth to achieve as high an Eb/No reporting rate as possible. If the ESC interface is set to RS232 or RS422, AUPC cannot be used.
' Start the AUPC in a passive mode (distant end monitoring only mode) to ensure the system is working: Switch on REMOTE REPORTING (Change, Rx, Demod, AUPC) to respond to the Eb/No requests at the distant modem. Set the local AUPC for Mon Dist, to determine if it is working correctly. If it is then the distant Eb/No should be available on the Monitor, Distant screens. If the Eb/No or BER figures say “Unavail” then the ESC is not correctly configured.
8.12 TUTORIAL ON CARRIER/NOISE & Eb/No MEASUREMENTS 8.12.1 Introduction This is the source of much confusion and `Specmanship`. This brief tutorial explains what the terms mean and how to measure and interpret the figures you see. The diagram on the following page attempts to summarise this as clearly as possible visually with the text below adding detail for which there is no room on the diagram.
Eb N0 ' EDec N0 & 10 log10 (RS Code Rate ' ( k )) n It is this Eb / No that is typically displayed on the front panel of Modem equipment. Finally, after the RS Decoder comes Deframing and baseband processing such as Drop/Insert.
Carrier+Noise Noise Summary o10 i 2 10 Log 10 o10 P300H Example 6.5dB Measure (C+N)/N 1 10 oC+N / Np -1 10 p p Noise power oC+N / Np 10 -1 Es Energy per symbol C = = No Noise power density N No 3 Determine Es oC p dB = 10 Log N to Noise power 2 Calculate ratio of Carrier power Carrier power Symbol Rate i i i i i 4 o5.40dBp - 3dB (QPSK) Et No Rate Rate Rate Rate i i i i 5 +3 dB +1.25 dB +0.58 dB +1.76 dB 2.40dB + 1.25dB (3 / 4 Rate) i 3.
8.12.5 Tables to Convert (C+N)/N to Eb/No C%N N C N ' ES Et E Dec Eb N0 N0 N0 N0 Adjust for modulation: Adjust for FEC Rate: Adjust for RS Codec: BPSK: -0dB ½ Rate: +3.0dB (n,k,t)= QPSK: -3.0dB ¾ Rate: +1.25dB (126,112,7): +0.51dB 4.6 4.8 2.75 3.05 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 3.35 3.64 3.92 4.20 4.47 6.0 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 4.74 5.01 5.27 5.53 5.78 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 6.03 6.28 6.53 6.77 7.01 8.0 8.2 8.4 8.6 8.8 7.25 7.49 7.72 7.95 8.19 9.0 9.2 9.4 9.6 9.8 8.42 8.64 8.87 9.10 9.32 10.
9 1 FOR 1 OPERATION 9.1 THEORY Any two Modem's will operate as a 1 FOR 1 redundant pair, with no other equipment except for a single interconnecting lead, two power splitter/combiners and cable forms to parallel up the interfaces of both units. Both Modem's of the pair operate continuously, performing their function on the incoming data and IF signals, but only one Modem enables its output, and drives the signals towards the terrestrial device and towards the satellite.
Detected failures A failure is defined as either a detected failure of the unit, or a catastrophic (power) failure. The Modems will changeover if one fails, and if the other unit indicates that it is still operational. If both units fail simultaneously (which is likely to be caused by external circumstances), then no changeover takes place. Both unit and traffic faults can cause a 1:1 switch over.
10 BOOT CODE OPERATION 10.1 FLASH SOFTWARE UPDATE The Modem software is contained in a FLASH EPROM, and can be updated without opening the equipment through the serial port on the Async ESC connector. It is not even necessary to remove the equipment from the rack BUT it is necessary to route the traffic via another modem, as loading the software requires a processor reset and will affect the traffic.
Programming Flash memory in progress / Banks: //- //\FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFFFFFF Boot, Flash Program screen Each “FF” represents a blank 32k bank of memory. The bar in the top right hand corner spins to show communications are continuing, and the bar on each bank in turn spins first clockwise as information is loaded from the PC, then anticlockwise as the bank is programmed.
APPENDIX A: DATA INTERFACE INFORMATION GENERAL Unlike previous Paradise Datacom products, the standard interface of the P300 Series Modem DOES NOT SIMPLY UNPLUG. Instead to reduce the cost of the modem the interface is built as a standard part of the main PCB and includes RS422, V.35, and RS232 modes. An additional G.703 interface may be fitted internally to provide front panel selection between RS422, V.35, RS232 and G.703.
P1440 IN RS422 MODE The P1440 is the standard interface supplied with the P300 Series Modem. If RS422 is selected under Change, Terr-Intfc, Electrical then the following interface description applies.
P1440 IN V.35 MODE The P1440 is the standard interface supplied with the P300 Series Modem. If V.35 is selected under Change, Terr-Intfc, Electrical then the following interface description applies. Min Req Signal Description V.35 Name Circuit Number 25 pin 37 pin A B A B Electrical Levels Old Style Winchester DATA CIRCUIT TOWARDS MODEM (TX) U U Clock In SCTE 113 24 11 17 35 V.35 U&W Data In SD 103 2 14 4 22 V.
P1440 IN RS232 MODE The P1440 is the standard interface supplied with the P300 Series Modem. If RS232 is selected under Change, Terr-Intfc, Electrical then the following interface description applies.
P1440 IN G.703 MODE If the G.703 option is fitted to the P300 Series modem, then G.703 becomes a front panel / software selectable interface in addition to the standard RS422, V.35 and RS232 interfaces. If G.703 is selected under Change, Terr-Intfc, Electrical then the following interface description applies. Note on E1 G.703 cards you must set switch 2 on the G.703 option to select either 75S G.703 (on the BNC connectors) or 120S G.703 (on the D type connectors).
Sw1 position 2 1:1 Operation, the G.703 output goes high impedance if power is removed allowing the units 1:1 partner to carry the traffic. The normal input impedance switches to whichever one is on-line (with the standby input at high impedance) Installation note: If installing the G.703 card, the BNC labelled `IN` connects to J3 on the card, and the BNC labelled `OUT` to J2 on the card.
P1440 IN X.21 MODE The P300 Series along with its standard P1440 RS422/V.35/RS232 interface can provide both X.21 DCE and X.21 DTE operation. For X.21 operation the card must be set to RS422 mode, and the Tx & Rx Clocking modes must be set correctly. With the use of the appropriate adaptor lead (to convert to the X.21 standard 15 pin D connector), a full X.21 DCE or DTE interface is available. X.21 DCE OPERATION This only has a clock from the modem to the terrestrial equipment.
X.21 DTE OPERATION This only has a clock to the modem from the terrestrial equipment. Configure a cable with a 15 pin `D` male at one end (X.21 DTE) and either a 25 pin or 37 pin `D` male (not both) at the other end as follows: X.
MIL-STD-188-114A INTERFACE The P300 Series terrestrial interface is compliant with the interfaces defined in MIL-STD-188-114A when set in RS422 mode. This MIL-STD document specifies three types of `balanced generators` Type 1 Low offset voltage, for <100kbps. Defined in this 1985 document for compatibility with “older equipment”. Type 2: 3V offset maximum, for 100kbps to 10Mbps.
P1451 EUROCOM D/1 `D` & `G` PLUS MULTI-STANDARD INTERFACE The P1451 interface provides support for the Eurocom D/1 interface often used in military or government applications, it includes both the Eurocom `D` and `G` interfaces as defined for the Eurocom Tactical Communications systems. In addition to the Eurocom modes, it also provides all the features of the standard P1440 interface including RS422, V.35, RS232 and optional G.703 operation.
Eurocom D/1 interface `D` operation The Eurocom `D` interface uses transformer coupled differential clock and data signals. The data signal is AMI coded, and the amplitude of both clock and data signals is ±0.5V (ie 1.0 V peak to peak). The differential lines are of 130S impedance, and the centre tap of the line coupling transformers may either be grounded, or left floating.
Eurocom D/1 interface `G` operation The Eurocom `G` interface uses transformer coupled differential combined clock and data signal which is diphase coded. The amplitude is ±1.0V (ie 2.0 V peak to peak). The lines are of 130S impedance, and the centre tap of the line coupling transformers may either be grounded, or left floating. The Eurocom `G` interface will operate at either 16kbps of 32kbps only, NO OTHER DATA RATES are supported.
APPENDIX B: MODEM CONNECTOR PINOUTS REMOTE M&C (RS485/RS232) CONNECTOR The selection of RS232 or RS485 must be made via the front panel. Refer to Appendix D for an overview of the Remote M&C protocol.
Interconnecting Devices Using RS485 This page summarises the RS485 M&C ports of many different equipments from multiple vendors and explains how to interconnect them all for M&C operation.
1 FOR 1 INTERFACE Connector type : 9 Pin `D' male 1:1 CONNECTOR 1 Ground 2 Line in 3 Line out 6 Fail in 7 Fail out 4 Serial in (unused) 8 Serial out (unused) 5 Not used 9 Not used Serial In/Out This is an uncommitted and currently unused RS232 serial port. Line In/Out & Fail In/Out A suitable four way lead (4 + Screen) 1:1 redundancy lead is as follows: Unit 1 Pin 1 ...Screen... Pin 2 ................. Pin 3 ................. Pin 6 ................. Pin 7 .................
ALARMS & AGC CONNECTOR Connector type : 15 pin `D' male ALARMS CONNECTOR 2, 12 Fault Relay - Common 4 Prompt Unit fault - N/O 11 Prompt Unit fault - N/C 3 Prompt Traffic fault (prompt) - N/O (c/o pair a) 10 Prompt Traffic fault (prompt) - N/C (c/o pair a) 5 Prompt Traffic fault (prompt) - N/O (c/o pair b) 13 Prompt Traffic fault (prompt) - N/C (c/o pair b) 1 Deferred alarm - N/O 9 Deferred alarm - N/C 6 Uncommitted analog output from processor (If Monitor/AGC option fitted).
ASYNC ESC CONNECTOR This connector carries: An RS232/RS422/RS485 async port for use on either the ESC or Aux channels An RS232 serial port for log printing & embedded M&C update An RS422 Station Clock input The Receive constellation monitor points (if the Monitor/AGC option is fitted) ASYNC ESC CONNECTOR RS232 RS422/ RS485 2 2 (a) Async ESC/Aux Input (to satellite) - 9 (b) Async ESC/Aux Input (to satellite) 3 3 (a) Async ESC/Aux Output (from satellite) - 10 (b) Async ESC/Aux Output (from satel
ASYNC PORT FOR ESC OR AUX CHANNELS The modem has two fully independent data channels which may be carried over the satellite within any overhead that is added, these are referred to as the ESC and Aux channels. The shared interface on this connector allows the use of only one of these channels at a time, and then only in an Async mode (there is no clock signal on this port).
ESC/AUX & BACKWARD ALARMS CONNECTOR This connector is fitted as part of the IDR option (standard on P300-IDR and above). Note that when this option is fitted the ESC and Aux ports on this connector replace the shared ESC/Aux port on the Async ESC connector.
Aux Port Pin Number 26 27 9 10 28 29 11 12 42 43 44 45 50 Sync U U U U U U U U ( U) ( U) ( U) ( U) U Async U U U U U RS422 usage RS 232 usage Tx Aux Clock out A Tx Aux Clock out Tx Aux Clock out B n/c Tx Aux Data in A Tx Aux Data in Tx Aux Data in B n/c Rx Aux Clock out A Rx Aux Clock out Rx Aux Clock out B n/c Rx Aux Data out A Rx Aux Data out Rx Aux Data out B n/c Tx Aux Octet out A Tx Aux Octet out Tx Aux Octet out B n/c Rx Aux Octet out A Rx Aux Octet out Rx Aux Octet out B
Audio Ports Pin Number Description 38 Tx Audio Channel 1 in A 39 Tx Audio Channel 1 in B 40 Tx Audio Channel 2 in A 41 Tx Audio Channel 2 in B 34 Rx Audio Channel 1 out A 35 Rx Audio Channel 1 out B 36 Rx Audio Channel 2 out A 37 Rx Audio Channel 2 out B 50 Ground All ports are 600S, with levels set independently from the front panel of +7dBm to -16dBm.
Backward Alarms Pin Number Description 1 BA 1-4 Common 2 BA1 N/O 18 BA1 N/C 3 BA2 N/O 19 BA2 N/C 4 BA3 N/O 20 BA3 N/C 5 BA4 N/O 21 BA4 N/C 22 BA1 Input 23 BA2 Input 24 BA3 Input 25 BA4 Input 7 Rx Summary fault output (link to BA in) 6 Ground N/O indicates normal open in the normal, non-alarm state & N/C normally closed in the non-alarm state.
APPENDIX C: UPGRADE INFORMATION INTRODUCTION To first explain the terms "Software Upgrades", "Hardware Upgrades", and "Feature Code" upgrades. Software Upgrades normally involve a visit to our web site (http://www.paradisedata.com) to download the latest version of the modems embedded software. This is then loaded into the modem from a PC through the modems serial port (on the Async ESC connector) and the PC COM port. Software upgrades can always be performed in the field.
APPENDIX C1: MODEM CAPABILITIES & UPGRADES DETERMINING THE HARDWARE CAPABILITY OF A MODEM Normally where a Feature Code upgrade is available (ie one that does not require a physical hardware upgrade) then the screens show "9Note" at locations where extra features would appear. These notes can however be turned on and off by selecting Change, User-Opt, Display, Upgrade Messages, Display or Inhibit on recent software, so if no message is shown do not assume an upgrade is not available.
FEATURES: IN USE The letters shown represent the features that are actually in use with the current configuration (see following table for a description of what each letter means). This is the minimum feature set you need to operate as currently configured.
If you contact Paradise Datacom directly we will supply within a few minutes by fax a Feature Code to provide the extra features you require (eg addition of Reed-Solomon etc). This will be a temporary code valid for probably 30 days to enable you to raise and place a purchase order on your supplier. When you place a formal order on the supplier for the features, a Feature Code will be provided to make the features permanent.
ALPHABETIC FEATURE LIST Included as standard Feature P300 VSAT U Base Modem P300 IBS U P300 IDR U P300 TCM U Letter A Tx path: without this the modem can be Rx only B Rx path: without this the modem can be Tx only P Variable rate: Variable data rate if enabled (see `R`), fixed if not (See `Q`) S 70MHz IF interface: IF frequencies in the range 50 - 90MHz (provides 50-180MHz if feature `T` also) U 100Hz IF synth steps: 2.
APPENDIX C3: FEATURES ON DEMO EXPIRE SOON ** IF YOU HAVE BEEN REFERRED TO THIS SECTION BY A MESSAGE ** ** ON THE EQUIPMENT DISPLAY, THEN THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT ** The modem is warning you that at least one of the features the modem is using in order to operate as configured is due to expire soon. This means that after expiry, it will cease to function as configured, and one or several of the features required for how it is currently configured will no longer be available.
APPENDIX D: REMOTE M&C REMOTE M&C PROTOCOL Summary The P300 Series Modems support two separate remote M&C protocols, these are: 1. Paradise / FDC protocol, compatible with all previous Paradise equipment. 2. SA-bus protocol (as defined by Scientific Atlanta). The protocols should co-exist without adverse effect on the same M&C bus (provided the unit addresses are unique !). Both protocols assume one `Master device` and multiple `Slave devices`.
(low) is defined as a positive voltage. This means that a RS232 character will appear as the RS485 `A` line shown previously, except it will transition from <-3V to >+3V as opposed to 0V & 5V. Message Structure All messages are transmitted in a defined message format. The formats are as follows: Paradise / FDC The same format is used for message from Master to Slaves, and Slaves to Master.
SA-bus The SA-bus message structure has a different format for messages from Master to Slaves, and from Slaves to Master. Master to Slave The message format is: idle STX (02H) STX: Address: Instruction: Address (31H-61H) Instruction (30H-7FH) `Body` (1st char) `Body` (other chars) `Body` (last char) ETX (03H) Checksum The fixed character 02H Slave Address, range 31H to 6FH (49-11110, ie 63 usable addresses). Range 30H to 7FH.
List of All Remote M&C Messages Cat' Message Mnemonic First Avail' Direction 1 RxBBQry V0.61 to unit 1 RxBBRd V0.61 from unit Instr' Code 16 Body Partner Length (optional) Function 1 6 RxBBRd Query 70 RxBBQry Config 1 RxBBWr V0.61 to unit 17 70 RxModQry V0.61 to unit 20 1 6 (ack) 6 RxModRd Change 1 1 RxModRd V0.61 from unit 14 RdModQry Config 1 RxModWr V0.61 to unit 21 14 TxBBQry V0.61 to unit 18 1 6 (ack) 6 TxBBRd Change 1 1 TxBBRd V0.
Cat' Message Mnemonic First Avail' Direction RxCalcQry V1.49* to unit 4 RxCalcRd V1.49* from unit 4 TxCalcQry V1.49* to unit 4 Instr' Code 28 29 Body Partner Length (optional) Function 0 6 RxCalcRd Query 26 RxCalcQry Config 0 6 TxCalcRd Query 4 TxCalcRd V1.49* from unit 30 TxCalcQry Config 5 GoLocal V1.37 to unit 8 0 (ack) Command 5 ContModeQry V1.37 to Unit 32 0 6 ContModeRd Query 5 ContModeRd V1.37 from unit 2 ContModeQry Config 5 ContModeWr V1.
Cat' Message Mnemonic First Avail' Direction Instr' Code Body Partner Length (optional) Function 11 CommsPing V1.37 to unit 0 6 (ack) Query 11 Ack (original) V0.61 from unit 0 Acknowledge 11 Ack (extended) V0.61 from unit 1 General Ack to many messages 63 Used to test comms integrity, and general acknowledge for many commands which do not directly request a response Note: Instruction codes used for SA-bus messages are as specified above + 30H.
APPENDIX E: CUSTOMER SPECIFIC FEATURES This appendix lists the customer specific options available on the P300 Series Modems: Refer to the Change, User-Opt, Operation menu, section 6.10.8 on page 106 for explanations of how to use these parameters: RELAY MODE SETTING 0 Default (normal) relay operation. 1 Cable & Wireless (Alarms Summarise) This feature remaps the external alarm relays to summarise the Traffic & Unit faults.
FAULT MODE SETTING 0 Default (normal) fault detection 1 ISDN Backup (=V2.14) Software =V2.14: A combination of Fault Mode 13 (ISDN backup) AND Fault Mode 12 (OQPSK Compatibility). 2 Telenor (Receive fail Transmit Inhibit, RTI) This additional feature allows the guaranteed shutdown of transmission from a remote unmanned site even in the event that all M&C is lost.
8 Disable the Upper Temperature Limit The specified upper internal temperature limit of the modem is 60C. Within three degrees of this the unit will raise a Unit Warning (& deferred alarm relay) “Warning: Int' temp 57C, Tx CARRIER WILL MUTE outside operating range 0-60C”. Above an internal temperature of 60C the carrier mutes and a Unit Fault is raised (& Prompt Unit alarm relay), “Unit Fault: Tx carrier muted, unit temp 61C outside operating range 0-60C”.
ACU's are located at the ends of the ship with the antennas, use coax cable to connect the `blocked` signal from the ACU to the modem along the ships length (screen=ground, centre=`block`). 11 Comstream Sequential Mode (Software >=V2.12) This switches the Sequential encoder and decoder to be “Comstream compatible” at Rate ¾ (in Rate ½ it is already compatible and this flag has no effect, plus there is no Rate on the CM701).
UNCOMMITTED DAC OUTPUT CONTROL The output controlled by this selection in only available of the Monitor/AGC option is fitted. Refer to the Change, User-Opt, AGC Output menu, section 6.10.10 on page 106 for an explanation of this parameter. This output is updated 10 times per second. Note: For antenna pointing AGC whilst demod unlocked, see definition of pin 8 on alarms and AGC connector. 0 Coarse AGC voltage (Rx Signal level), default Scaled at 1V per 10dB, with extremes of 0V=-100dBm and 10V=0dBm and a 1.
4 Distant end Eb/No (Software versions >=2.12) Valid only when the AUPC feature is active, this provides an output of the distant end Eb/No. Scaling is as for option 1 (Local Rx Eb/No). 5 AUPC Delta Power (Software versions >=2.12) Valid only when the AUPC feature is active, this provides an output of the local power adjustments in made in order to maintain the distant Eb/No. Scaling is 0V=-25dB, 10V=+25dB, with 0.1dB resolution.
APPENDIX F: FRAMING AND DROP/INSERT OVERVIEW IBS/SMS FRAMING IBS/SMS Service Features The INTELSAT definition of IBS framing (IESS 309) is intentionally very similar to Eutelsats SMS framing (EESS 501 "SMS QPSK/FDMA System Specification"), as they are both designed to allow common equipment to provide for both services.
TS16, TS32 (same as G.732 TS0 odd), and TS48 (same as G.732 TS16 odd), which leaves 60 timeslots available for normal data. An IBS Frame is constructed as follows: TS0 consists of a spare bit (X), followed by a 7 bit frame alignment word ie [X0011011]. TS16 & TS48 are defined to convey Channel Associated Signalling (CAS, when required), and are normally forced to all ones [11111111] when CAS is not being transmitted. CAS is covered separately later.
Operating over satellite without TS ID maintenance is comparable to using an external Drop/Insert mux interfaced in our 2 x 64kbps example to the modem at 128kbps. Once demultiplexed to 128kbps the start and end boundaries of each timeslot are lost in the continuous 128kbps data stream. Without the TS ID maintenance there would be 16 different ways (2 x 8 bits per TS) that the two data streams could be inserted back into the terrestrial PCM bearer timeslots at the receive end.
Signalling Systems Introduction: CCS, CAS & RBS Signalling systems are used to convey call status on PCM systems, call status is information such as Busy, Idle, Ring tone, Dialling etc. Common Channel Signalling (CCS) Some PCM systems us a`Common Channel Signalling` (CCS), where a whole timeslot is allocated to carry the signalling function between the ends of the link (with protocols such as `Signalling system No 7` etc running within that 64kbps channel).
INTELSATs IBS definition does not specify a mechanism to achieve this, so the P300 equipped with the Extended D/I feature (standard on P300 TCM) uses an extension of the Timeslot ID Maintenance scheme to provide RBS support with Drop/Insert over `thin route` satellite links. It does this by treating not just the timeslots from one frame as a group of `N` timeslots, but the group from the whole terrestrial multiframe as a block within which timeslot identity has to be maintained.
5 TS 32 CAS = 8 TS 32 TS 32 6 TS 32 CAS = 8 CAS = 24 CAS = 24 7* CAS = 56 CAS = 56 CAS = 56 CAS = 56 8 TS 32 CAS = 32 CAS = 8 CAS = 16 9* CAS = 24 CAS = 24 CAS = 72 CAS = 72 10 TS 32 CAS = 8 TS 32 11* CAS = 88 CAS = 88 CAS = 88 TS 32 CAS = 88 12 TS 32 CAS = 16 CAS = 24 CAS = 24 13* CAS = 104 CAS = 104 CAS = 104 CAS = 104 14* CAS = 56 CAS = 56 CAS = 56 CAS = 56 15 TS 32 CAS = 8 CAS = 24 CAS = 24 16 TS 32 CAS = 64 CAS = 16 CAS = 32 17* CAS = 136 CAS
IDR FRAMING IDR Service Features The INTELSAT definition of IDR framing is in IESS 308. Eutelsat have a similar system defined in EESS 203 "Intermediate Rate Digital Carriers (IDC), Earth Station Standard" which simply cross refers back to the INTELSAT IESS 308 standard for the Channel Unit Characteristics, and so the Modem equipment required for these services is identical. From here on we will refer to IDR framing, but the text applies equally to Eutelsats IDC framing.
APPENDIX G: FAULT MESSAGES AND ACTION TABLE The table on the following pages lists the faults which can be shown on the modem display, along with a description of what the fault means, and the actions the modem will take if such a fault occurs. It also shows relevant checks the operator might make to try to eliminate the fault condition. To find a displayed fault in this large table, check only the relevant section depending on the first few words of the displayed message: For “Unit Fault...
Actions (see notes at end of table) Relays To Terr To Sat Other Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes UNIT FAULTS (Top+Bottom lines of display) Unit Faults: Status LED=Red, & Unit Fault (prompt) relay Software Initialising please wait Unit executing power up sequence (<5 secs) Unit Fault: Tx carrier muted, unit temp C outside operating range 0-60C This message refers to the internal unit temperature, Check the modem vent slots are clear and the rear fan has not failed.
Relays To Terr U TF Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes BUC Fault: PLL in Block UpConverter lock fail (10M ref' to BUC: On) The Modem is configured to operate with a Paradise BUCand the PLL generating the SHFcarrier in the BUC has failed. The state of the reference feed to the BUC is also reported.
Relays To Terr To Sat Other Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes TX TRAFFIC FAULTS (Top line of display) Tx Traffic Faults: Tx OK LED Off and Tx Traffic (prompt) relay. Tx Warn: Reconfiguring Tx path The modem is reconfiguring the Tx path (after a user parameter change). Tx Fault: off, terr not ready depends on the interface in use (eg RS422 DCE=”TR”, V.35=”DTR”). This is a DC control line which is used to indicate the terrestrial equipment is functioning properly.
Relays To Terr To Sat TOpt TBOpt SAOpt The Bit Error Rate at the Tx input (measured on the PCM Frame Alignment Words) is worse than 1x10-3. This can only be due to a very poor error rate on the PCM input signal. “[AIS Forced]” is only shown if the user option of what action to take when the BER is bad is not set to Ignore (Change, User-Opt, Operation, Actions, BER Action). The fault is always displayed, although the actions can be cancelled by selecting Ignore.
Relays To Terr To Sat Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes TX WARNINGS (Top line of display) Tx Traffic warnings: Deferred alarm relay only Tx Warn: Reconfiguring Tx path The modem is reconfiguring the Tx path (after a user parameter change). Tx Warn: Data marginal, clock inv ? The phase of the input Clock and Data is checked to ensure the data is stable when it is actually latched into the modem.
Relays Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes Tx Warn: RS Encoder FIFO slip The FIFO which interfaces the Framer to the Reed-Solomon encoder has slipped (full or empty). This should never occur in operation (contact factory). Tx Warn: Turbo encoder status This is a warning used in the engineering debugging process it should not occur in the field. If it does, please consult the factory.
Relays To Terr To Sat Other The Demod cannot find a carrier to lock to at the specified frequency. Check the frequency, check the Data rate and FEC settings (use Info, View Config, Rx). Perhaps check the demod itself by enabling a IF Loopback (Test, Loopback, IF). T TA,TC SB RF Rx Fault: FEC sync lost (demod locked) The Demod can lock to the carrier, but the inner FEC decoder (Turbo, Vit or Seq) cannot lock to the demodulated data.
Relays To Terr To Sat Other The modem cannot find the IBS CAS Multiframe sync on the receive data although it has found Frame sync and TS32 Multiframe sync (otherwise the Frame/Multiframe sync messages above would display). CAS Multiframe sync used to convey either 1) Channel Associated Signalling (CAS) in G.732 Drop/Insert modes using CAS, 2) To maintain the identity of a group of timeslots (for the `Odd values of N` such as N=7 etc).
Relays Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes Rx Fault: off, DCE not accp't Rx data depends on the interface in use and is only available if the modem is fitted with a DTE interface card (eg RS422 DTE=”CS”, V.35=”CTS”). This is a handshake line which is raised in response to our RS/RTS line (if the modem interface is a DTE) which in turn indicates the output data is valid (ie demod locked and FEC/deframing OK).
Relays To Terr Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes Rx Fault: LNB connection/current fault The Modem is configured to feed a DC supply `up the coax` to an LNB, but it detects there is either an open or short circuit. RX WARNINGS (Bottom line of display) Rx Traffic warnings: Deferred alarm relay only Rx Warn: Reconfiguring Rx path The modem is reconfiguring the Rx path (after a user parameter change). Rx Warn: Backward alarm from satellite A Backward Alarm is detected at the Rx Input.
Relays Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes Rx Warn: No clk ref= , now int' The reference specified for the PLL which generates the Rx output clock (or backup Rx clock) has failed, the modem has switched to using the internal 1PPM reference to keep the clock available. Check the clock specified is present.
Relays Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes Rx Warn: Rx BER below user threshold The final Bit Error Rate is worse than the user threshold set for a deferred alarm (Change, User-Opt, Thresholds, User BER). This may be used as an advance warning of service degradation. The source for the BER measurement is user defined (Change, User-Opt, Operation, Satellite, BER est’). Normally this should be set to “Auto”, however it may be user set to other BER sources if required.
Text on Display Description / Cause / Notes Rx Warn: DISTANT Eb/No below threshold The DISTANT modems Receive Eb/No (ie this local modems TX CARRIER) is worse than the user threshold set for a deferred alarm (Change, User-Opt, Thresholds, Distant Eb/No). This may be used as an advance warning of service degradation. This function is only available if AUPC is active, where the local modem continuously reads the distant modems Eb/No.
2: Normally, an incoming TS16 Multiframe backward alarm causes the modem to transmit a Satellite Frame Backward Alarm (SB) to be sent.
