® Parallels Desktop 4 User's Guide Copyright © 1999-2009 Parallels Holdings, Ltd.
ISBN: N/A Parallels Holdings, Ltd. c/o Parallels Software, Inc. 13755 Sunrise Valley Drive Suite 600 Herndon, VA 20171 USA Tel: +1 (703) 815 5670 Fax: +1 (703) 815 5675 Copyright © 1999-2009 Parallels Holdings, Ltd. and its affiliates. All rights reserved. Parallels, Coherence, Parallels Transporter, Parallels Compressor, Parallels Desktop, and Parallels Explorer are registered trademarks of Parallels Software International, Inc.
Contents Introduction 7 About Parallels Desktop............................................................................................................................... 7 About This Guide......................................................................................................................................... 8 Organization of This Guide .............................................................................................................. 8 Documentation Conventions.........
Contents Setting Up a Virtual Machine 4 53 Supported Guest Operating Systems.......................................................................................................... 54 Creating a New Virtual Machine ............................................................................................................... 55 New Virtual Machine Wizard ......................................................................................................... 56 Express Windows Installation............
Contents 5 Hard Disk Settings ........................................................................................................................ 129 Serial Port Settings........................................................................................................................ 133 Network Adapter Settings............................................................................................................. 135 Parallel Port Settings..................................................
Contents Troubleshooting and Limitations 6 197 Getting Technical Support ....................................................................................................................... 197 Reporting a Problem to Parallels Team.................................................................................................... 198 Configuring Network in Linux.................................................................................................................
CHAPTER 1 Introduction Parallels Desktop enables you to use the hardware resources of your Intel-based Windows® or Linux® computer more efficiently by sharing them between multiple virtual machines running on it. In This Chapter About Parallels Desktop........................................................................................................ 7 About This Guide.................................................................................................................. 8 Getting Help ..
Introduction 8 About This Guide This Guide is aimed at a wide range of users who want to use Parallels Desktop to create, configure, and run Parallels virtual machines. Abbreviations used in the text In the present guide the following abbreviations are used: OS is used instead of operating system in long sentences where using it will not change the meaning of the sentence. VM is used instead of virtual machine in long sentences where using it will not change the meaning of the sentence.
Introduction 9 Documentation Conventions Before you start using this guide, it is important to understand the documentation conventions used in it. The table below presents the existing formatting conventions. Formatting convention Type of Information Example Go to the Resources tab. Special Bold Items you must select, such as menu options, command buttons, or items in a list. Titles of chapters, sections, and subsections. Read the Basic Administration chapter.
Introduction 10 Getting Help Parallels Desktop offers several options for accessing the necessary information: Parallels Desktop User's Guide. This document contains extensive information about the product, its usage and, troubleshooting. You can access the guide by choosing Parallels Desktop Help from the Parallels Desktop Help menu. Online documentation.
Introduction 11 Acknowledgements This software may utilize the following copyrighted material, the use of which is hereby acknowledged. tinyBIOS tinyBIOS is used as the system BIOS. The source code was published by PC Engines and is subject to the Common Public License available at http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/os-cpl.html. Plex86/Bochs VGABios Plex86/Bochs VGABios is used as the video BIOS and is licensed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License available at http://www.gnu.
CHAPTER 2 Virtual Machine Technology Basics This chapter provides a brief description of Parallels virtual machines, their specifications, and the underlying technologies. In This Chapter Virtual Machine Technology Overview................................................................................ 12 Parallels Virtual Machine......................................................................................................
Virtual Machine Technology Basics 13 Parallels Virtual Machine Taking the best from the virtual machine and Intel virtualization technologies, Parallels Desktop enables you to create virtual machines with a variety of virtual hardware devices. A Parallels virtual machine works like a stand-alone computer with the following hardware: CPU Up to 8-core Intel CPU Motherboard Intel i965 chipset based motherboard Up to 8 GB of RAM RAM Video Adapter VGA and SVGA with VESA 3.
Virtual Machine Technology Basics USB 14 Up to 8 USB 2.0 and up to 8 USB 1.1 devices Each virtual machine is stored in the primary OS as a bundle of files (.pvm) that contains the virtual machine configuration file (.pvs), the virtual hard disk file (.hdd), and other files of the virtual machine. A virtual machine may have the following files: .pvm A bundle that contains the virtual machine files. .pvs A virtual machine configuration file.
CHAPTER 3 Installing Parallels Desktop This chapter lists the system requirements and provides all the information required to install Parallels Desktop in Linux or Windows operating systems. In This Chapter System Requirements............................................................................................................ 16 Installing Parallels Desktop................................................................................................... 17 Activating Parallels Desktop........
Installing Parallels Desktop 16 System Requirements Before installing Parallels Desktop, please make sure that your computer complies with the hardware and software requirements listed here. Hardware Requirements Minimum 1.66 GHz x86 (32-bit) or x64 (64-bit) CPU with the Intel VT-x or AMD-V hardware virtualization technology support. 2 GB RAM minimum. 4 GB RAM or more is recommended. The recommended amount of memory assigned to a virtual machine is 1-2 GB (you can assign up to 8 GB of RAM).
Installing Parallels Desktop Windows XP Pro SP2 Debian 5.0 Fedora 11 Mandriva 2009 Spring OpenSUSE 11.1 RHEL 5.3 SLES 11 Ubuntu 9.04 17 In Linux operating systems, make sure the following software packages are installed: kernel development packages Note: In RedHat-based systems, such packages are -devel, in Debian-based systems .
Installing Parallels Desktop 18 Installing Parallels Desktop in Windows Before installing Parallels Desktop on a Windows computer, make sure that it complies with the system requirements (p. 16). Note: You must have administrator's rights to install Parallels Desktop in a Windows operating system. To install Parallels Desktop in Windows, you will need the Parallels Desktop setup file.
Installing Parallels Desktop 19 5 In the Customer Experience Program window, you can choose to participate in the program that will help us improve Parallels Desktop according to your experience. Read carefully the information about the program and decide whether you want to participate in it or not. Click Next when finished. 6 In the Destination Folder window, specify the folder where Parallels Desktop will be installed and click Next.
Installing Parallels Desktop 20 Installing Parallels Desktop in Linux Before installing Parallels Desktop on a Linux computer, make sure that the packages and libraries listed in the system requirements (p. 16) for Linux primary OSs are installed in your system. Note: You must have the root privileges to be able to install Parallels Desktop in a Linux operating system. To install Parallels Desktop in Linux, you will need a RUN installation package.
Installing Parallels Desktop 21 If the host computer is accessing the Internet only via a proxy server, you should configure the proxy server settings to allow Parallels Desktop to check for available updates during the installation process. To this effect, begin the Parallels Desktop installation as follows: 1 Launch a terminal, locate the Parallels Desktop installation package, and execute the following command to start the installation: sudo ./parallels-desktop-4.0.xxxx.xxxxxx.
Installing Parallels Desktop 22 Activating Parallels Desktop To fully run Parallels Desktop, you should activate it with an activation key. If you purchased a boxed version of the program, you can find the activation key printed on the installation CD sleeve. If you purchased the program online, the activation key was sent to your e-mail. If you downloaded a copy of Parallels Desktop to evaluate it before buying, you can get a trial activation key valid for a certain period of time.
Installing Parallels Desktop 23 Registering Parallels Desktop After you have activated your copy of Parallels Desktop with a permanent activation key, you will be asked to register it. We strongly recommend you to register your copy of Parallels Desktop.
Installing Parallels Desktop 24 2 If you choose At work from the For use list, you will be asked to specify some additional information. Parallels needs this information to know our customers better in order to provide them with the best software and service. 3 To register Parallels Desktop, click OK. If you don't want to register your copy of Parallels Desktop, click Don't register.
Installing Parallels Desktop 25 Upgrading from Parallels Workstation 2.2 to Parallels Desktop for Windows and Linux To upgrade from Parallels Workstation 2.2 to Parallels Desktop for Windows and Linux, you should purchase the Parallels Desktop upgrade from Parallels Online Store (http://www.parallels.com/en/buyonline). An upgrade activation key will be sent immediately to the e-mail address you provided.
Installing Parallels Desktop 26 Upgrading the Virtual Machine Configuration and Updating Parallels Tools The upgrading procedure starts and runs automatically when you start a virtual machine after its conversion. During the upgrade, the virtual machine configuration and Parallels Tools are processed. The virtual machine can be used in Parallels Desktop for Windows and Linux only after it is upgraded.
Installing Parallels Desktop 27 Automatic Updating To use the automatic updating feature, your host computer should have a stable Internet connection. Parallels Desktop enables you to set up an automatic check for updates and determine the frequency for this checking. To set up automatic update checking: 1 Launch Parallels Desktop. 2 In the File menu select Preferences and go to the Update pane. 3 In the Update pane, you can define the necessary settings.
Installing Parallels Desktop 28 Manual Updating Parallels Desktop also enables you to check for updates manually whenever you want. To check for updates manually: 1 Launch Parallels Desktop. 2 From the Help menu, choose Check for Updates. The program will immediately start the search for updates. While the updater accesses the Parallels update server and compares the available updates with the installed version, you can hide this window, by selecting Check in background.
Installing Parallels Desktop 29 Removing Parallels Desktop Uninstalling Parallels Desktop does not delete any files that have been created using Parallels Desktop, such as configuration files, virtual hard disks, floppy .fdd images, and serial or parallel port output files. In Windows Note: You must have power user or administrator rights to uninstall Parallels Desktop in a Windows primary operating system. The procedure may be slightly different in different Windows versions.
CHAPTER 4 Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop This chapter provides basic information about how to work with Parallels Desktop. In This Chapter Starting Parallels Desktop ..................................................................................................... 30 Interface Basics ..................................................................................................................... 31 Setting Parallels Desktop Preferences..............................................
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 31 Interface Basics When you launch Parallels Desktop, the Parallels Desktop window opens. The Parallels Desktop window consists of several parts: Menus - contain all the controls available for Parallels Desktop and its virtual machines. For detailed information, see the Menus subsection (p. 32). Toolbar - comprises buttons that can be used to manage the virtual machine and its appearance. For detailed information, see the Toolbar subsection (p. 33).
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 32 Menus The Parallels Desktop menus contain all the controls available for Parallels Desktop and its virtual machines. There are the following menus: The File menu allows you to: create a new virtual machine (p. 55) add an existing virtual machine to Parallels Desktop (p. 68) remove the virtual machine from the Parallels Desktop sidebar (p. 170) delete the virtual machine (p. 171) download Parallels Virtual Appliances (p.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop activate Parallels Desktop (p. 22) check for updates (p. 28) report problems (p. 198) 33 It also displays the About Parallels Desktop dialog. Toolbar The Parallels Desktop toolbar has buttons for the most frequent commands used to start, stop, and otherwise manage a virtual machine and its window appearance. Most of the toolbar buttons become enabled only when you start the virtual machine. If you click a toolbar button, it becomes visibly pressed.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 34 The default toolbar buttons: Start. Use this button to start the virtual machine if it is stopped, paused or suspended. Shut Down. Use this button to shut down your guest OS correctly. Suspend. Use this button to put your virtual machine into the sleep mode for a certain period of time. If you need to restart the host computer, you may temporarily suspend your virtual machines and easily resume them after the restart. Detach Console.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 35 Configure. Use this button to open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog (p. 104). If you often work with snapshots, you can drag any of the three snapshot buttons to the toolbar as well: Take Snapshot. Use this button to create a snapshot for the virtual machine. Revert to Snapshot. Use this button to roll back the changes made to the virtual machine since the moment the last snapshot was made. Snapshot Manager.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 36 Status Bar When the virtual machine is running, the status bar of its window displays the information about devices connected to the virtual machine. The following devices have the icons on the status bar: keyboard floppy disk drive CD/DVD-ROM hard disk network adapter serial port parallel port sound card USB controller shared folders If you see the machine.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 37 You can connect ISO images of CD/DVD discs to the virtual machine CD/DVD-ROM drive or connect floppy images to its floppy disk drive in the following way: drag the required image file over the CD/DVD-ROM drive icon or the floppy disk drive icon in the status bar. For more information, please refer to the Changing Configuration at Runtime section (p. 90).
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 38 General Preferences In the General pane of Parallels Desktop Preferences, you can do the following: change the default location for storing the folders with the files of virtual machines enable the Minimize main window to system tray on closing option change the sidebar position restore hidden messages Note: The settings available in this pane can be configured individually for each user of the physical computer.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 39 Changing the default folder for virtual machines The Default folder for virtual machines field displays the default location where Parallels Desktop stores the files and folders of all virtual machines you create on the host computer. You can change the default location by typing the path to another folder in this field or clicking the Choose button and navigating to the necessary folder.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 40 Keyboard Preferences In the Keyboard pane of Parallels Desktop Preferences, you can set keyboard shortcuts for certain commands. Note: The keyboard shortcuts can be configured individually for each user of your physical computer.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 41 You can define two hot key combinations: For switching a guest OS window to the Full Screen mode and back. The default hot key combination is Ctrl+Alt+Enter. For switching a guest OS window to the Coherence mode and back. The default hot key combination is Shift+Ctrl+Alt. For releasing the keyboard and mouse input to the primary OS. The default hot key combination is Ctrl+Alt. You can set your own hot key combinations for each case.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 42 Memory Preferences The Memory pane of Parallels Desktop Preferences allows you to adjust the maximum amount of physical memory (RAM) that the system will reserve for all virtual machines running on your physical computer. Note: You must have the root privileges to change the memory settings of Parallels Desktop in a Linux primary OS. By default, the Automatically option is selected.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 43 Network Preferences The Network pane of Parallels Desktop Preferences allows you to configure a number of network-related settings for Parallels Desktop and your virtual machines. Note: You must have the root privileges to change the network settings of Parallels Desktop in a Linux primary OS.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 44 You can configure the range of IP addresses to be assigned to your virtual machines when they are operating in the shared (p. 163) and host-only (p. 166) networking modes. To edit the host-only networking settings: 1 Select Host-only networking in the Connection type list. 2 Select the Enable DHCP Server option to enable the Parallels DHCP server.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 45 In the Destination Port field, type the virtual machine's port the data will be transferred to. 3 Click OK to add the rule. When the rule is added, use the following IP address combination for external connections to your virtual machine: :.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 46 USB Preferences In the USB pane of Parallels Desktop Preferences, you can specify how to connect USB devices that are plugged into your physical computer.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 47 General Behavior You can choose a general action to perform when a new USB device is plugged into the host computer by choosing one of these options: Connect it to the computer. If you select this option, the USB device plugged into the host computer will be connected to the primary OS. Connect it to the active virtual machine.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 48 Update Preferences In the Update pane of Parallels Desktop Preferences, you can set preferences for the frequency of update checks. Note: The settings available in this pane can be configured individually for each user of the physical computer.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 49 The Check for updates section defines the policy for updating the Parallels Desktop software. By default, Parallels Desktop is set to automatically check for available updates once a week, provided that the Parallels Desktop application is launched and your physical computer is connected to the Internet. You can specify another interval for updates checking by selecting the necessary value in the Check for updates list.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 50 Feedback Preferences Using the Feedback pane, you can join the Parallels Customer Experience Program. If you choose to participate in the program, Parallels will collect information about your host computer and virtual machines configuration. The collected information will help us to make the product better fit your needs.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 51 Proxy Server Preferences The Proxy Server pane of Parallels Desktop Preferences allows you to configure a number of proxy server-related settings.
Principles of Working With Parallels Desktop 52 If you do not want Parallels Desktop to use a proxy server for network connections, select the Do not use proxy server option and click OK. If you want Parallels Desktop to use a proxy server for network connections, you have the following possibilities: You can choose the Specify a proxy server option and provide the proxy server settings manually.
CHAPTER 5 Setting Up a Virtual Machine The process of creating a virtual machine comprises the following steps: creating a virtual machine configuration installing a guest operating system installing Parallels Tools In This Chapter Supported Guest Operating Systems..................................................................................... 54 Creating a New Virtual Machine ..........................................................................................
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 54 Supported Guest Operating Systems The current version of Parallels Desktop officially supports the following guest operating systems: 32-bit operating systems Windows : Windows 7 (supported experimentally) Windows Vista SP1, SP2 Windows XP Pro SP3 Windows XP Home SP3 Windows 2000 Pro SP4 Linux: Debian 5.0 Fedora 11 Mandriva 2009 Spring OpenSUSE 11.1 RHEL 5.3 SLES 11 Ubuntu 9.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine Creating a New Virtual Machine This section describes how to create a virtual machine using New Virtual Machine Wizard.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 56 New Virtual Machine Wizard The wizard offers several installation modes. You can choose the mode that better fits your needs or your experience with Parallels Desktop. Regardless of what method you select, you will be able to change the configuration of your virtual machine later using the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog (p. 104).
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 57 However, you can select another folder that will be used as the default folder for your virtual machines. To specify another default destination for saving virtual machines, do the following: 1 Choose Preferences from the File menu. 2 In the Preferences window, click the General tab, and specify the default destination for new virtual machines in the Default folder for virtual machines field. Note: You can also specify a folder for a virtual machine during its creation.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 58 Express Windows Installation 1 Start Parallels Desktop and launch New Virtual Machine Wizard by choosing New Virtual Machine from the File menu. 2 In the Introduction window, click Next to proceed with the virtual machine creation. 3 In the Select Operating System Type and Version window, select the Windows XP or Windows Vista guest OS and click Next. 4 In the Virtual Machine Type window, select Express Windows and click Next.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 59 If you click the Advanced button, you can set the number of CPUs, the amount of RAM, and the virtual hard disk capacity to your future virtual machine. Click Create. After the virtual machine is created, in the Prepare to Install Operating System window, specify the source of installation files and click Start. You can use the following types of installation media: Real CD/DVD-ROM Drive. Select this option to use a disc inserted into the CD/DVD drive of the computer.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 60 7 After you click Start, New Virtual Machine Wizard will automatically start the new virtual machine and install the guest operating system in it. After the guest OS has been successfully installed, Parallels Desktop installs Parallels Tools. During the unattended installation, Parallels Desktop creates an administrator account with a blank password.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 61 Typical Installation Mode To create a typical virtual machine: 1 Start Parallels Desktop and launch New Virtual Machine Wizard by choosing New Virtual Machine from the File menu. 2 In the Introduction window, click Next to proceed with the virtual machine creation. 3 In the Select Operating System Type and Version window, select the operating system you are planning to install inside your virtual machine and click Next.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 62 If you click the Advanced button, you can set the number of CPUs, the amount of RAM, and the virtual hard disk capacity to your future virtual machine. Click Next. 6 After the virtual machine is created, in the Prepare to Install Operating System window, specify the source of installation files and click Start. You can use the following types of installation media: Real CD/DVD-ROM Drive. Select this option to use a disc inserted into the optical drive of the computer.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 63 Custom Installation Mode To create a custom virtual machine: 1 Start Parallels Desktop and launch New Virtual Machine Wizard by choosing New Virtual Machine from the File menu. 2 In the Introduction window, click Next to proceed with the virtual machine creation. 3 In the Select Operating System Type and Version window, select the guest OS you plan to install inside your virtual machine and click Next. 4 In the Virtual Machine Type window, select Custom and click Next.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 64 6 In the Hard Disk Options window, select the type of virtual hard disk you want to use and click Next. You can create a new hard disk image, use an existing one, or create a virtual machine without any hard disk at all. You may need a virtual machine without a hard disk to work with live CDs/DVDs (CDs or DVDs containing a bootable operating system). 7 If you have selected the No hard disk option, go to Step 8.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 65 8 In the Networking Type window, select the type of networking you want to use in the virtual machine and click Next. Shared Networking. If you select this option, the virtual machine will use the host computer's network connections and will be visible only for the host computer and other virtual machines registered on this server. Bridged Networking. If you select this option, the virtual machine will be visible on the network as a separate computer.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 66
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 67 12 After the virtual machine is created, the wizard invites you to install the guest OS in it. For these purposes in the Prepare to Install Operating System window, select the Connect the installation media check box, specify the source of installation files, and click Start. You can use the following types of installation media: Real CD/DVD-ROM Drive. Select this option to use a disc inserted into the CD/DVD drive of the computer.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 68 Adding an Existing Virtual Machine If you already have a virtual machine stored on your physical computer but it is missing from the list of virtual machines registered in Parallels Desktop, you can easily add it with the help of Add Existing Virtual Machine Wizard. To add an existing virtual machine 1 Choose Add Existing from the File menu to start Add Existing Virtual Machine Wizard. 2 In the Introduction window, click Next.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 69 4 If you chose Search for virtual machines in this folder, in the next window the wizard displays all the virtual machines found in the specified folder that are not registered in Parallels Desktop. Select the virtual machines you want to add. If you want to select all items at a time, click the Select All button list. If you want to clear all items at a time, click the Clear All button Review the selection and click Add. 5 Click Finish to exit the wizard.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 70 Installing a Guest Operating System You can install a guest operating system on a virtual machine from a CD or DVD, or from an image file of such CD/DVD. Some operating systems are available on CD/DVD disc images only. In some cases, the installation cannot be performed from a real CD/DVD disc because of disc reading problems. In such cases, it is recommended that you try to install the operating system from a CD/DVD disc image of this disc.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 71 Note: If you need to press any keys inside the virtual machine during the guest OS installation, first click inside the virtual machine window to capture the keyboard and mouse input and than press the corresponding keys. To release the keyboard and mouse input back to the host OS, press Ctrl+Alt. For more information, refer to Capturing and Releasing the Keyboard and the Mouse (p. 85).
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 72 Note: In this version of Parallels Desktop, you can reinstall the guest OS of the same type only. However, you are free to choose the guest OS version. Keep in mind that in some cases, it is easier just to create a new virtual machine, install the guest OS, and delete the old machine after moving all the necessary data to the new one.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 73 Parallels Tools Overview Parallels Tools are a suite of special utilities that help you use your virtual machines in the most comfortable and efficient way. With Parallels Tools, you can move the mouse seamlessly outside the guest OS window without pressing any key, change the virtual machine's screen resolution by simply resizing its window, and synchronize your virtual machine's time and date settings with the time settings of the host computer.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine Parallels Compressor Windows 74 The Parallels Compressor utility enables you to reduce the size of your virtual machine's hard disk. After the Parallels Tools installation, the following features are available for settings up in Parallels Desktop. SmartMount Windows, Linux SmartMount feature enables the automatic detection and mounting of removable devices in your virtual machines.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 75 Installing Parallels Tools in a Windows Guest OS If you created your virtual machine using the Express Windows mode, Parallels Tools were installed automatically after the installation of the Windows guest operating system. If your virtual machine was created in the Typical or Custom mode, do the following to install Parallels Tools in it: 1 Start the virtual machine and log in to the guest operating system.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 76 If you are not sure whether Parallels Tools are installed, you can easily check this. Start your virtual machine and look at the status bar of its window: if the tip "Press Ctrl + Alt to release the mouse and keyboard" appears in the status bar of the virtual machine's window, this means that Parallels Tools are not installed. When Parallels Tools are installed, you do not need to press any key to release the mouse and keyboard - they are released automatically.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 77 Installing Parallels Tools in a Linux Guest OS Before installing Parallels Tools in a Linux guest OS, perform the following actions: Close all applications in the guest operating system. Disable the 3D accelerated window manager if you use any. Make sure that you have the gcc package and kernel sources installed. If these packages are not installed, the Parallels Tools installer will warn you.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 78 6 In the CD/DVD-ROM directory, enter the following command to launch Parallels Tools installation: ./install 7 Follow the Parallels Tools Installer instructions to complete the installation. 8 When the installation of Parallels Tools is complete, restart your virtual machine. Installing Parallels Tools in other versions of Linux guest OSs To install Parallels Tools in the older versions of Linux OSs, you have to mount the prltools-lin.iso image file manually.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 79 Note: You must have the root privileges to run this command. 8 Follow the Parallels Tools Installer instructions to complete the installation. 9 When the installation of Parallels Tools is complete, restart your virtual machine. How to check if Parallels Tools are installed If you are not sure whether Parallels Tools are installed, you can easily check this.
Setting Up a Virtual Machine 80 Removing Parallels Tools Parallels Tools can be removed through a general procedure of removing applications from the operating system installed in your virtual machine. Removing from a Windows guest OS 1 Start the virtual machine and log in to the guest OS. 2 From the Windows Start menu, choose Control Panel > Add or Remove Programs. In Windows Vista, choose Control Panel > Programs and Features. 3 Select Parallels Tools in the list and click Remove.
CHAPTER 6 Working in a Virtual Machine This chapter explains how to start, stop, suspend or pause a virtual machine. It also provides the information on actions you can perform with the virtual machine while the guest operating system is running. In This Chapter Performing Main Operations on the Virtual Machine........................................................... 82 Using Keyboard and Mouse..................................................................................................
Working in a Virtual Machine 82 Performing Main Operations on the Virtual Machine Starting Your Virtual Machine and Shutting It Down Starting the Virtual Machine To start the virtual machine, select it in the Parallels Desktop sidebar and click the Start button choose Start from the Virtual Machine menu. on the Parallels Desktop toolbar or After starting the virtual machine, it will boot into the guest operating system installed in this virtual machine.
Working in a Virtual Machine 83 Suspending and Pausing Your Virtual Machine Starting and shutting down virtual machines may take a considerable amount of time. Instead of performing these operations, you can suspend or pause a virtual machine for the required time and quickly resume it later. Suspending a Virtual Machine Suspending a virtual machine is similar to putting a real computer into the sleep mode.
Working in a Virtual Machine 84 When a virtual machine is paused, its window is grayed out. To continue running the virtual machine, click the Resume button from the Virtual Machine menu. in the Parallels Desktop toolbar or choose Resume Parallels Desktop is designed to operate like an ordinary computer application. This means that you do not have to change the virtual machine's state from running to paused, suspended, or stopped before putting the host computer to sleep.
Working in a Virtual Machine 85 Using Keyboard and Mouse Capturing and Releasing the Keyboard and Mouse To start working in a virtual machine, you need first to capture the keyboard and mouse input in the virtual machine. To this effect: 1 move the mouse pointer over the virtual machine window 2 click in the window.
Working in a Virtual Machine 86 Changing the View Mode Parallels Desktop provides a number of view modes to make your work with virtual machines more comfortable and efficient: Window mode. This is the default view mode in which the virtual machine screen is displayed in the Parallels Desktop window. The window contains the following panes: Summary. This pane provides basic information on the virtual machine and access to the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.
Working in a Virtual Machine click the Attach Console button in the Parallels Desktop toolbar close the separate Console window 87 Locking the guest OS screen resolution The virtual machine screen resolution can be changed in the following situations: When you adjust the guest OS display settings. When you resize the virtual machine window (this feature works only when Parallels Tools (p. 72) are installed in your virtual machine).
Working in a Virtual Machine 88 Working in the Coherence Mode The Coherence mode is available only for Windows host operating systems and virtual machines with the Windows 2000 and later guest operating systems installed. Coherence is a visual mode of working with a virtual machine that enables you to use your guest OS applications side by side with the host OS applications.
Working in a Virtual Machine 89 If you do not like the border color, you can change it in the General pane (p. 105) of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog. Choose any from the available palette. For example, if you choose red and then switch the virtual machine to the Coherence mode, the borders of the guest OS applications windows will be red.
Working in a Virtual Machine 90 Changing Configuration at Runtime Parallels Desktop allows you to connect or disconnect certain devices at runtime or switch some of them for using other media. Generally, the following virtual devices can be connected or disconnected at runtime: CD/DVD-ROM drive Floppy disk drive Network adapter Parallel port Serial port Sound device USB device Shared folders Note: Only devices enabled in the virtual machine configuration (p.
Working in a Virtual Machine 91 If you have several parallel ports used by the virtual machine, on the status bar (p. 36) and in the Devices menu they are listed in the same order as they were connected. The first parallel port will be Parallel Port 1, the second will be Parallel Port 2, and so on. To change the parallel port emulation device at runtime, click the parallel port icon on the status bar (p. 36) and choose Real Parallel Port, Printer or Connect Output File from the device shortcut menu.
Working in a Virtual Machine Using Devices Setting up a Printer in a Virtual Machine There are four basic ways to set up printing in a virtual machine. You can: share a host computer's printer (p. 93) use a network printer (p. 95) set up printing via LPT port of the physical computer (p. 97) set up a USB printer (p.
Working in a Virtual Machine 93 Sharing a Host Computer's Printer You can share any printer connected to the physical computer with your Windows or Linux virtual machine. The printer will be available through the virtual machine's parallel port. To share the physical computer's printer: 1 Launch Parallels Desktop and open the virtual machine. 2 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog by choosing Configure from the Virtual Machine menu. Make sure that the configuration includes a parallel port.
Working in a Virtual Machine 94 6 Continue with the general installation procedure and install the HP Color LaserJet 8500 PS printer driver. Adding a printer in a Linux guest operating system To add a printer in a Linux guest OS: 1 Start the Linux virtual machine and log in as administrator. 2 Open the /etc/printcap/ configuration file and click the Add option. 3 Select the type of printer to add: Local printer. Click Ok.
Working in a Virtual Machine 95 Setting Up a Network Printer You can install a network printer directly into a guest OS. Before installing a network printer in a guest OS, make sure that: Networking in the primary and guest OSs is configured. The virtual machine network adapter is connected to the corresponding virtual machine and enabled. To do this: Select Configure from the Virtual Machine menu. Click the Network Adapter item in the left pane.
Working in a Virtual Machine 96 In a Linux Guest Operating System Make sure that the following components are installed in your guest Linux system: Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS). Installation instructions can be found at CUPS site; Samba service. Installation instructions can be found at Samba site; A Web browser, since we consider controlling CUPS via web interface; Note: To set up a network printer, you should have the root privileges.
Working in a Virtual Machine 97 Setting Up Printing via LPT Port of Physical Computer To set up printing through a parallel port of your physical computer: 1 Make sure that a printer is connected to an LPT port of your real computer. 2 Open the virtual machine configuration in Configuration Editor, make sure that the configuration includes a parallel port. If necessary, add it. See Adding a Parallel Port (p. 158).
Working in a Virtual Machine 98 Using USB Devices in a Virtual Machine Parallels Desktop provides you with the possibility to connect up to eight USB 2.0 and eight USB 1.1 devices to a single virtual machine. This means that you can plug up to eight USB 2.0 devices and eight USB 1.1 devices into the host computer and use them from the virtual machine. To use this feature, you should add a USB controller to the virtual machine configuration (p. 104).
Working in a Virtual Machine 99 If you do not want Parallels Desktop to display this dialog each time a USB device is plugged into the host computer, configure USB Preferences in the Preferences dialog (p. 37). To be able to use the USB device in the virtual machine, you may need to install the necessary drivers in the guest OS. By default, such drivers can be obtained from the manufacturers of this device. Note: If you plug a USB 1.1 device into the USB 2.0 port, the port will be identified as USB 1.1.
Working in a Virtual Machine 100 Using Safe Mode If you do not want a virtual machine to store the changes you make to it during the working session, you can start this virtual machine in Safe Mode. To be able to start the virtual machine in Safe Mode, you need to add the Safe Mode button To this effect: 1 to the Parallels Desktop toolbar first. Right-click the toolbar in the virtual machine's window and choose Customize Toolbar (p. 35). 2 Drag the Safe Mode button to the toolbar and click Done.
Working in a Virtual Machine 101 Using Shared Folders Shared folders are folders in the primary operating system that are visible to the guest OS too. These folders can be used for exchanging files between the primary OS and a virtual machine or between several virtual machines. In the primary OS shared folders appear as usual folders, while in the guest OS they are objects of the network neighborhood. Using shared folders is possible for the Windows and Linux guest operating systems.
Working in a Virtual Machine 102 Setting Up a Shared Folder Setting up a shared folder requires two steps: 1 Installing Parallels Tools in the guest OS. The Shared Folders tool is require for viewing the shared folders in the guest OS. See Installing Parallels Tools (p. 72). 2 Adding one or more shared folders to the virtual machine configuration. Adding a Shared Folder 1 Open the virtual machine configuration by choosing Configure from the Virtual Machine menu.
Working in a Virtual Machine 103 Viewing Shared Folders in Guest OS There are two ways to view the contents of the shared folders in the guest OS. Easy Way Click the Parallels Shared Folders icon on the desktop of the running guest OS and you will see all your shared folders. General Way 1 In the virtual machine, open Windows Explorer. 2 In Explorer, select My Networks Places, then select Entire Network, and find Parallels Shared Folders.
CHAPTER 7 Configuring a Virtual Machine This chapter provides the information on configuration options available to a virtual machine. In This Chapter Editing Virtual Machine Configuration ................................................................................ 104 Adding and Removing Devices............................................................................................. 143 Networking in a Virtual Machine...........................................................................
Configuring a Virtual Machine 105 General Settings You can view and configure the virtual machine general settings on the General pane of Virtual Machine Configuration.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 106 The General pane includes the following parameters: VM Name. This field displays the name assigned to the virtual machine. The length of the name is limited to 50 characters. The name of the virtual machine is displayed on its main window and guest OS window. OS Type. This field displays the type of the operating system installed in the virtual machine or declared to be installed in future. OS Version.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 107 Boot Order Settings On the Boot Order pane of Virtual Machine Configuration, you can configure the virtual machine boot sequence, that is, the order in which the virtual machine will try to load the operating system from different boot devices. Note: These settings cannot be changed when the virtual machine is running.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 108 The currently supported boot devices are listed below: Hard Disk. Select this device if you want the virtual machine to boot up from its virtual hard disk drive. CD/DVD-ROM. Select this device if you want the virtual machine to boot up from the media connected to its virtual CD/DVD-ROM drive. Note: The virtual machine will use the CD/DVD-ROM drive specified as CD/DVD-ROM 1 in its configuration. Floppy Disk.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 109 Startup and Shutdown Settings The Startup and Shutdown pane of Virtual Machine Configuration allows you to define a number of parameters related to the procedures of starting and shutting down your virtual machine.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 110 In this pane, you can configure the following parameters: The Startup view mode option defines the mode in which the virtual machine will work after you select it from the Parallels Desktop sidebar and start. If the Window or Full Screen or Coherence option is selected, the virtual machine will automatically switch to the specified view mode (p. 86).
Configuring a Virtual Machine 111 Optimization Settings On the Optimization pane of Virtual Machine Configuration, you can configure two groups of settings related to the virtual machine performance.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 112 Adaptive Hypervisor Select the Enabled option for Adaptive Hypervisor to automatically allocate the host computer CPU resources between the virtual machine and primary OS applications depending on what application you are working with at the moment. If the virtual machine window is in focus, the priority of this virtual machine processes will be set higher than the priority of the primary OS's processes.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 113 Services Settings The Services pane of Virtual Machine Configuration allows you to manage a number of Parallels Tools-related parameters. Note: To use the functionality available on the Services pane, you should have Parallels Tools installed in the virtual machine.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 114 Mouse and Keyboard Synchronization Select the Automatically capture and release the mouse pointer option to facilitate the process of switching the keyboard and mouse input between the virtual machine and physical computer. With this option enabled, Parallels Desktop automatically grabs input from the keyboard and mouse and directs it to the virtual machine.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 115 Shared Folders Settings You can manage shared folders and their parameters on the Shared Folders pane of Virtual Machine Configuration. Shared folders and their parameters can be configured for Windows and Linux guest operating systems. You can also change the shared folders settings at runtime. To learn how to do it, refer to the Changing the Configuration at Runtime (p. 90) section.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 116 Sharing the host computer's folders with the virtual machine Select the Share the host computer's folders with the virtual machine option to enable access to the disks and folders on the physical computer from inside the virtual machine.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 117 Shared Profile Settings To enable the Shared Profile functionality, select the Enabled option at the top of the Shared Profile pane. If the Shared Profile functionality is activated, you can choose one of the following options: Select Desktop to use the host computer desktop as the desktop in your Windows guest OS.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 118 SmartMount Settings The SmartMount pane of Virtual Machine Configuration allows you to configure the settings related to the automatic detection and mounting of removable devices in your virtual machines. Note: The SmartMount option is available for Windows and Linux virtual machines with Parallels Tools installed. If the SmartMount option is enabled, any device that you connect to the host computer is also automatically mounted to your guest operating system.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 119 SmartGuard Settings On the SmartGuard pane of Virtual Machine Configuration, you can set up the automatic creation of snapshots. You can find detailed information on snapshots and how to work with them in the Working with snapshots chapter (p. 180). Note: You cannot create a snapshot manually or automatically or revert to a snapshot when your virtual machine is paused. This option allows you to back up your virtual machine automatically.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 120 To enable the SmartGuard functionality, select the Enabled option at the top of the SmartGuard pane. Note: The SmartGuard feature is available only when the Undo Disks feature (p. 109) is disabled and if the virtual machine is not runnning in Safe Mode (p. 100). If you want to know when it is time to make the next snapshot and to be able to reject the snapshot creation, enable the Notify me before snapshot creation option.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 121 Coherence Settings The Coherence pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog allows you to configure the following settings: Use borders. This option is selected by default. It determines whether the guest OS applications windows will have the colored borders when you work in the Coherence mode (p. 88) or not. Color. The border color of the guest OS applications windows. If you want to change the color, go to the General pane (p.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 122 CPU Settings You can view and configure the virtual machine's CPU settings on the CPU pane of Virtual Machine Configuration. Note: These settings cannot be changed when the virtual machine is running. This pane allows you to configure the number of virtual CPUs that will be used to handle the processes running in the virtual machine. To this effect, choose the necessary number of CPUs from the drop-down menu.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 123 Memory Settings To view and configure the amount of RAM available to your virtual machine, use the Memory pane of Virtual Machine Configuration. Note: These settings cannot be changed when the virtual machine is running. In the Main Memory field, you can set the amount of RAM that will be available to the virtual machine. You can specify any value from 4 to 8192 MB, but it is recommended that you set the value provided in the Optimal Size field below the slider.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 124 Video Settings To view and configure the amount of video memory available to the virtual machine's video card, use the Video pane of Virtual Machine Configuration. Note: These settings cannot be changed when the virtual machine is running.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 125 In the Video memory field, you can set the amount of video memory that will be available to the virtual machine. You can specify any value from 2 to 256 MB; however, we recommend that you choose the value from the range given in the Recommended size field below the slider. This will provide the most optimal performance for your virtual machine and the physical computer where this virtual machine is hosted.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 126 Floppy Settings To view and configure the virtual machine floppy disk drive settings, use the Floppy Disk pane of Virtual Machine Configuration. Enabled. Select this option to enable floppy disk drive operations in the virtual machine. To temporary disable floppy drive operations without removing the floppy drive from the virtual machine configuration, clear this option. Note: The Enabled option can be selected or cleared only when the virtual machine is stopped.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 127 CD-ROM options To configure the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive settings, use the CD/DVD-ROM pane of Virtual Machine Configuration. Virtual CD/DVD-ROM drives can be connected either to physical CD/DVD-ROM drives or to CD/DVD images. Note: You can connect up to four IDE devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives) and 15 SCSI devices to a virtual machine. Each device is listed separately in the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and has its own number.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 128 Select the Enabled option if you want the virtual machine to use this CD/DVD-ROM drive. To temporarily disable operations with the CD/DVD-ROM drive without removing it from the virtual machine configuration, clear the Enabled check box. Note: The Enabled option can be selected or cleared only when the virtual machine is stopped. Select the Connected option if you want the CD/DVD-ROM drive to be automatically connected to the virtual machine on its startup.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 129 2 Type the path to the image file in the File field or use the Choose button to locate the file. 3 Select the type of interface to connect the image file to: IDE. Using this interface type, you can connect up to four virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives). SCSI. Using this interface type, you can connect up to 15 virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives). Note: RHEL 4.7 and RHEL 5.3 guest OSs do not support the SCSI controller.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 130 Select the Enabled option if you want the virtual machine to use this hard disk drive. To temporarily disable operations with the hard disk without removing it from the virtual machine configuration, clear the Enabled check box. Using a hard disk image file as a virtual hard disk 1 Type the path to the hard disk image file in the File field or use the Choose button to locate the file.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 131 Support for Virtual and Real Disks This section lists the types of disks that can be used by Parallels virtual machines and provides the information about basic operations that you can perform with these disks. Supported Types of Hard Disks Parallels virtual machines use virtual hard disks as their hard disks. Virtual Hard Disks The capacity of a virtual hard disk can be set from 100 MB and up to 2 TB. Virtual hard disks can be of either plain, or expanding format.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 132 Parallels Desktop treats floppy disk images like real diskettes. Parallels Desktop supports floppy disk image files that have .fdd extension and 1.44 MB size. With Parallels Desktop, you can also create an image of a blank floppy using Floppy Disk pane (p. 126) of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog (p. 104). Note: Parallels Desktop cannot create images of real diskettes.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 133 Serial Port Settings On the Serial Port pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, you can configure the virtual machine serial port settings. Using serial ports, you can establish a connection between the virtual machine and the host computer devices (using a real port) or between two virtual machines located on the same host computer (using a socket).
Configuring a Virtual Machine 134 Enabled. Select this option if you want to enable this serial port in the virtual machine. To temporarily disable the serial port without deleting it from the virtual machine configuration, clear this option. Note: The Enabled option can be selected or cleared only when the virtual machine is stopped. Connected. Select this option if you want the virtual machine to start up with the serial port connected.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 135 Network Adapter Settings The Network Adapter pane of Virtual Machine Configuration allows you to manage the virtual machine's network settings.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 136 Enabled. Select this option if you want to enable this network adapter in the virtual machine. If you want to temporarily disable the network adapter without deleting it from the virtual machine configuration, clear the Enabled check box. Note: The Enabled option can be selected or cleared only when the virtual machine is stopped. Connected. Select this option if you want the virtual machine to start up with this network adapter connected.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 137 If you cannot configure your virtual machine to work in the Bridged Ethernet mode, you can consider using another networking mode: Shared Networking mode (p. 163) or Host-Only Networking mode (p. 166). Parallel Port Settings On the Parallel Port pane of Virtual Machine Configuration, you can configure the virtual machine's parallel port settings. A virtual machine can have up to three parallels ports.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 138 Enabled. Select this option if you want to enable this parallel port in the virtual machine. To temporarily disable the parallel port without deleting it from the virtual machine configuration, clear this option. Note: The Enabled option can be selected or cleared only when the virtual machine is stopped. Connected. Select this option if you want the virtual machine to start up with the parallel port connected.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 139 Sound Settings The Sound pane of Virtual Machine Configuration allows you to configure the virtual machine sound device parameters.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 140 Enabled. Select this option if you want to enable the sound device in the virtual machine. To temporarily disable operations with the sound device without deleting it from the virtual machine configuration, clear this option. Note: The Enabled option can be selected or cleared only when the virtual machine is stopped. Connected. Select this option to have the sound device automatically connected on the virtual machine startup. Output.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 141 USB Settings On the USB Controller pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, you can enable the USB controller support in your virtual machine. A virtual machine can emulate only one USB controller, which provides you with the possibility to connect up to eight USB 2.0 and eight USB 1.1 devices to the virtual machine. Enabled. Select this option to allow using USB devices in the virtual machine.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 142 Generic SCSI Device Settings To view and edit the settings of a generic SCSI device used by the virtual machine, use the Generic SCSI pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog. Select the Enabled option to enable this SCSI device in the virtual machine. If you want to temporarily disable the device, clear this option. The SCSI device list displays the SCSI devices available in the hardware configuration of the host computer.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 143 Adding and Removing Devices Adding new devices to the virtual machine configuration is easier than connecting new devices to a real computer. Removing or disconnecting devices is also easy. The following virtual devices can be added to the configuration or removed from it: virtual hard disk drive (p. 145) CD/DVD-ROM drive (p. 150) floppy disk drive (p. 152) network adapter (p. 153) video adapter sound device (p. 155) serial port (p.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 144 Add Hardware Wizard You can add new devices to your virtual machines using Add Hardware Wizard. The wizard allows you to add only one device at a time. Note: To be able to connect any virtual device to a real one, you should have system privileges to access the real device. Otherwise, the real device will not appear in the list of available devices even though it is installed on your computer.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 145 Adding a Virtual Hard Disk Drive You can add to your virtual machine an existing hard disk image or create a new, blank one. Note: A virtual machine can have up to four IDE devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives) and 15 SCSI devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives). To add a hard disk to a virtual machine: 1 Choose Configure from the Virtual Machine menu to open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 146
Configuring a Virtual Machine 147 When you are ready, click Next. 6 In the next window, you can configure the location of the hard disk image file and specify its interface type.You can choose one of the following interface types for the disk: If you select the IDE option, you will be able to define the IDE device identifier in the Location list. If you select the SCSI option, you will be able to select the SCSI device identifier in the Location list.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 148 Initializing the Newly Added Disk After you added a new virtual hard disk to the virtual machine configuration, it will be invisible to the operating system installed inside the virtual machine until the moment you initialize it.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 149 4 To get extensive information about the disk, enter: p 5 To create a new partition, enter: n 6 To create the primary partition, enter: p 7 Specify the partition number. By default, it is 1. 8 Specify the first cylinder. If you want to create a single partition on this hard disk, use the default value. 9 Specify the last cylinder. If you want to create a single partition on this hard disk, use the default value.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 150 Adding a CD/DVD-ROM Drive To the virtual machine configuration, you can add a virtual CD/DVD-ROM drive that is either connected to a real CD/DVD-ROM on your physical computer or to an existing image file. Note: A virtual machine can have up to four IDE devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives) and 15 SCSI devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives).
Configuring a Virtual Machine 151 Note: In some Linux distributions (e.g. RHEL 5.3), the SCSI driver may be not installed. In this case, you should install this driver in your Linux guest OS to be able to use the SCSI controller. You can also define the device position in the Location list or accept the position offered by Add Hardware Wizard. Note: The SCSI 7:0 location is not available for selecting, since it is occupied by the SCSI controller itself.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 152 Adding a Floppy Disk Drive You can add an existing floppy disk drive or floppy disk image to your virtual machine. You can also create a new floppy disk image and add it to the virtual machine. Note: Any virtual machine can have only one floppy disk drive. To add a floppy disk to a virtual machine: 1 Choose Configure from the Virtual Machine menu to open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 153 Adding a Network Adapter A virtual machine can have up to 16 virtual network adapters simultaneously. To add a network adapter to a virtual machine: 1 Choose Configure from the Virtual Machine menu to open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog. 2 Click the Add button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog to launch Add Hardware Wizard. 3 In the Select Device window, select Network Adapter and click Next.
Configuring a Virtual Machine Click the Add Device button to add a new network adapter to the virtual machine.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 155 Adding a Sound Device Parallels Desktop allows you to add sound devices to your virtual machines. Note: Any virtual machine can have only one sound device. To add a sound device to a virtual machine: 1 Choose Configure from the Virtual Machine menu to open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog. in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog to 2 Click the Add button launch Add Hardware Wizard.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 156 When you are ready, click the Add Device button to add a new sound device to your virtual machine.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 157 Adding a Serial Port You can add to your virtual machine a serial port that will be connected to a real port on your physical computer, a socket, or an output file. Note: A virtual machine can have up to four serial ports. To add a serial port to a virtual machine: 1 Choose Configure from the Virtual Machine menu to open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 158 When you are ready, click the Add Device button to add a new serial port to your virtual machine. Adding a Parallel Port You can add a parallel port to your virtual machine that will be connected to a real port, a printer, or an output file. Note: A virtual machine can have up to three parallel ports. To add a parallel port to a virtual machine: 1 Choose Configure from the Virtual Machine menu to open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 159 Adding a USB Controller You can add a USB controller to your virtual machine. USB controllers installed inside your virtual machines allow USB devices plugged into the USB drives of your physical computer to be automatically connected to the corresponding virtual machines. Note: A virtual machine can have only one USB controller. If you removed it for any reason, you can add it back to the configuration.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 160 Adding a Generic SCSI Device If the host computer's hardware includes any SCSI device (except for SCSI hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives), you can add to your virtual machine a generic SCSI device. Note: 1. A virtual machine can have up to four IDE devices and 15 SCSI devices. 2. Red Hat Linux Enterprise 4.7 and 5.3 guest OSs do not support SCSI controller.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 161 When you are ready, click the Add Device button to add a generic SCSI device to your virtual machine. Removing Devices Most virtual machine devices can be removed from the virtual machine configuration (except for the main memory, CPU, and video memory). Note: You can disable any device, except for the memory, without removing it from the virtual machine configuration.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 162 Networking in a Virtual Machine To configure networking in your virtual machines, you should first configure networking for Parallels Desktop. You should also configure Parallels Desktop networking to have the possibility to send problem reports and get Parallels Desktop updates. If you have a network connection on your physical computer and do not use a proxy server, the Parallels Desktop network connection is set automatically.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 163 Shared Networking By default, all virtual machines created using the Express Windows and Typical modes are set to work in the Shared Networking mode. In this mode your virtual machine can access other computers on your local network and the Internet by using the IP address of the physical computer. The virtual machine itself does not have its own IP address on the network. This mode allows you to specify port forwarding rules (p.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 164 The Shared Networking mode does not require any additional configuration. With this mode enabled, your virtual machine will share whatever network connection your physical computer uses at the moment.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 165 Bridged Ethernet Networking When operating in the Bridged Ethernet mode, your virtual machine appears on the network as a stand-alone computer with its own IP address and network name. Note: The Bridged Ethernet networking mode is more complex than the Shared Networking mode (p. 163), and you may need to contact your system administrator to configure it properly.
Configuring a Virtual Machine 166 Host-Only Networking Parallels Desktop provides a closed network that is accessible only to the primary operating system and virtual machines running on it. The primary operating system is connected to this network via the Parallels Host-Only Networking adapter automatically created on the physical computer during the Parallels Desktop installation. The addresses for the virtual machines connected to this network are provided by the Parallels DHCP server.
CHAPTER 8 Managing Virtual Machines This chapter provides the information on cloning, removing from the regirested VMs list, and deleting your virtual machines. In This Chapter Cloning a Virtual Machine.................................................................................................... 168 Removing a Virtual Machine ................................................................................................ 170 Deleting a Virtual Machine ...........................................
Managing Virtual Machines 168 Cloning a Virtual Machine An exact copy of a virtual machine can be created using Clone Virtual Machine Wizard. The clone is a separate virtual machine that includes as many virtual hard disks as were connected to the original machine. The wizard places the cloned virtual machine into a default folder, but you may specify a different one.
Managing Virtual Machines 169 Click Clone to start the process. 4 When the copying is complete, the Cloning Finished window appears. Click Done to close the wizard.
Managing Virtual Machines 170 Removing a Virtual Machine When you launch Parallels Desktop, you can see the currently registered virtual machines in the Parallels Desktop sidebar. If a virtual machine is not used, it can be temporarily removed from the list. When you need this virtual machine again, you will be able to add it to the list again.
Managing Virtual Machines 171 Deleting a Virtual Machine You can delete a virtual machine using the Delete Virtual Machine wizard or by deleting its file manually.
Managing Virtual Machines 172 4 The wizard finds all files related to the virtual machine and displays the list of them in the Files Selection dialog. The configuration file, virtual hard disk, output files of serial and parallel ports, and the home folder are pre-selected for deleting. However, the .iso image is not selected by default, because it can be used by other virtual machines. If you want to delete it too, select it in the list.
Managing Virtual Machines 173 Note: Make sure you are not going to delete the virtual hard disk that is also used by other virtual machines. If you want to select all items in the list of files related to the virtual machine at a time, click the Select All button displayed below the list. If you want to clear all items in the list of files related to the virtual machine at a time, click the Clear All button displayed below the list. Review the selection and click Delete.
Managing Virtual Machines 174 Working With Virtual Machine Templates Parallels Desktop makes your work with virtual machines even more convenient by enabling you to create templates of Parallels virtual machines. A template, like a virtual machine, has hardware and may have operating system and software installed. The only difference is that it cannot be started. A template can be easily converted to an ordinary virtual machine and vice versa.
Managing Virtual Machines 175 Creating a Virtual Machine Template If you need to create a number of virtual machines with same configuration, you can create a virtual machine template and use it to create new virtual machines. There are two ways of creating a virtual machine template: Convert an existing virtual machine into a virtual machine template. Clone an existing virtual machine to a virtual machine template.
Managing Virtual Machines 6 In the Creation Finished window, click Done to quit the wizard.
Managing Virtual Machines 177 Deploying a Virtual Machine Template A virtual machine template cannot be run as a virtual machine. To be able to run it as a virtual machine, you should create a virtual machine that will have the same configuration the template does. There are two ways of creating a virtual machine from a template: Convert a template into a virtual machine. Deploy a template to a new virtual machine.
Managing Virtual Machines 6 In the Deployment Finished window, click Done to close the wizard. The resulting virtual machine will have the same configuration that the original template had.
Managing Virtual Machines 179 Managing Virtual Machines From the Tray When working with Parallels Desktop, you can use the Parallels Desktop tray icon (p. 37) to easily manage your running and paused virtual machines. This may be very useful when the Parallels Desktop window is minimized or when you use a separate display for your virtual machines. You can manage your virtual machines by doing one of the following: Double-click the tray icon to bring the Parallels Desktop window (p. 31) to focus.
Managing Virtual Machines 180 Optimizing Performance With Adaptive Hypervisor If you use a lot of applications in the primary and guest OSs at a time, you may lack the CPU resources. The current version of Parallels Desktop presents you the Adaptive Hypervisor technology that helps you to distribute the CPU resources between the primary and guest OS in the most efficient way.
Managing Virtual Machines 181 Making Snapshots Snapshots can be created manually or automatically using SmartGuard. Note: You cannot create a snapshot manually or automatically or revert to a snapshot when your virtual machine is paused. To make a snapshot manually: 1 Make sure that you completed all operations of installing, downloading, or writing to external devices before taking a snapshot. Note: You can create a snapshot at any time.
Managing Virtual Machines 182 Managing Snapshots You can use Snapshot Manager to revert to a specific snapshot, as well as to manage the snapshots. To open Snapshot Manager: Choose Snapshot Manager from the Virtual Machine menu, or Click the Snapshot Manager button on the toolbar of the virtual machine window. Note: To add this button in the toolbar, you should customize it. To learn how to do that, refer to the Customizing Toolbar section.
Managing Virtual Machines 183 The Go To button. Select the snapshot you want to go to in the snapshots tree and click this button to move from the present state of your virtual machine to the state saved in this snapshot. Note: Before you go to a specific snapshot, decide what you want to do with the current state of the virtual machine - by default, it will not be saved. To retain the changes made since the last snapshot, make a new snapshot. The Delete button.
Managing Virtual Machines 184 2 Open Snapshot Manager by choosing Snapshot Manager from the Virtual Machine menu, or clicking the Snapshot Manager button in the toolbar of the virtual machine window. 3 Select the snapshot you want to delete and click the Delete button if you want to delete only this snapshot. If you want to delete all the snapshots that come after it, right-click the snapshot and choose the Delete Snapshot with children option.
CHAPTER 9 Using Parallels Add-Ons This chapter provides information on how and when you can use Parallels Transporter, Parallels Compressor, and Parallels Image Tool. In This Chapter Using Parallels Image Tool ................................................................................................... 185 Using Parallels Transporter................................................................................................... 189 Using Parallels Compressor .................................
Using Parallels Add-Ons 186 Increasing the Virtual Hard Disk Capacity If you find that the capacity of your virtual machine's hard disk does not fit your needs anymore, you can increase it using Parallels Image Tool. To increase the capacity of the virtual hard disk: 1 Start Parallels Image Tool. 2 In the Introduction window, click Continue. 3 Specify the source virtual disk image file with the .hdd extension in the Source Virtual Disk window.
Using Parallels Add-Ons 187 Managing the Virtual Hard Disk Properties With Parallels Image Tool, you can manage the properties of your virtual machine hard disk. You can change the virtual hard disk type from plain to expanding and vice versa, split or merge the disk parts, or merge snapshots of the virtual machine that uses this virtual hard disk. To change the type of the virtual hard disk: 1 Start Parallels Image Tool. 2 In the Introduction window, click Continue.
Using Parallels Add-Ons 188 Changing the Virtual Hard Disk Format If you want to use your virtual machine with an earlier version of Parallels Desktop, use Parallels Image Tool to convert its hard disk image file to the old format. Image Tool can be also used to convert virtual hard disk image files created with Parallels Workstation 2.2 to the new format, supported by Parallels Desktop 4. Warning: If you have Parallels Tools installed on your virtual hard disk, remove them before processing the disk.
Using Parallels Add-Ons 189 Reducing the Virtual Hard Disk Size With Parallels Image Tool, you can manage the properties of your virtual machine hard disk. If you have an expanding virtual hard disk and need to reduce its size by removing unused space on the disk, you can compact it. Note: A plain virtual hard disk cannot be compacted. To reduce the virtual hard disks size: 1 Start Parallels Image Tool. 2 In the Introduction window, click Continue. 3 Specify the source virtual disk image file with the .
Using Parallels Add-Ons 190 Parallels Transporter Working Principles Parallels Transporter package includes two applications: Parallels Transporter. This application transfers data stored on a physical computer or a volume to a Parallels virtual machine or virtual hard disk. Parallels Transporter Agent.
Using Parallels Add-Ons 191 Migration Scenarios Parallels Transporter offers you several typical migration scenarios depending on the purpose of migration. After you make up your mind and choose the scenario, you can refer to Parallels Transporter Help for further instructions on the selected scenario of migration.
Using Parallels Add-Ons 192 Parallels Transporter Agent enables you to migrate data from non-active volumes of a source computer and to create images of these volumes. The resulting image can be connected as a data disk to a virtual machine that has an operating system compatible with the file system on this volume. Disk images of non-active volumes with supported operating systems can be made bootable later (in a Parallels virtual machine).
Using Parallels Add-Ons 193 Starting Parallels Transporter To start Parallels Transporter in Windows: If Parallels Transporter was installed together with Parallels Desktop, click the Windows Start menu and choose All Programs > Parallels > Parallels Desktop > Parallels Transporter or choose Run Parallels Transporter from the Parallels Desktop File menu.
Using Parallels Add-Ons 194 Guest Operating System Requirements Parallels Compressor supports the following guest operating systems: 32-bit operating systems: Windows 2000 Server SP4, Professional SP4 Windows XP Professional SP2, SP3, Home SP2, SP3 Windows Server 2003 Web, Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter SP2, R2 Windows Vista Home, Business, Ultimate, Enterprise SP0, SP1 Windows 2008 64-bit operating systems: Windows XP Professional SP2 Windows Server 2003 Web, Standard, Enterp
Using Parallels Add-Ons 195 How to Run Parallels Compressor Before Starting Parallels Compressor Before starting the utility, back up your virtual machine by cloning it or by copying its hard disk files to a safe location. This will allow you to restore your virtual machine in case you do not like the results of the compression. Warning: The result of virtual machine compression is irreversible. To start Parallels Compressor: 1 Start the virtual machine you want to compress.
Using Parallels Add-Ons 196 To run Parallels Compressor: in automatic mode, do not do anything, just wait until the timeout expires. in manual mode, press the ESC key or click the Manual Mode button on the dialog box before the timeout expires. Detailed information about running Compressor in these modes is given in Parallels Compressor Help. After Compressing Is Finished When the compressing is complete, click Finish to exit Parallels Compressor.
CHAPTER 10 Troubleshooting and Limitations This chapter describes how to troubleshoot known issues. In This Chapter Getting Technical Support .................................................................................................... 197 Reporting a Problem to Parallels Team................................................................................. 198 Configuring Network in Linux..............................................................................................
Troubleshooting and Limitations 198 Reporting a Problem to Parallels Team To help improve the quality of Parallels Desktop, you can send problem reports to Parallels support team. If a fatal error occurs in a virtual machine, Parallels Desktop automatically opens the Parallels Problem Report window prompting you to send a report. If you notice an unusual virtual machine behavior, you can create a report manually by choosing Report a Problem from the Help menu and filling out the form.
Troubleshooting and Limitations 199 In the Specify the problem type field, you can select the type of your problem from the list. In the next field, you can add a short problem description. These two fields are optional. The Technical Data option includes the .txt status report file that has been generated for the error. The status report contains the product version and activation data, primary and guest OSs information, virtual machine configuration and system data information, processor status, etc.
Troubleshooting and Limitations 200 Increasing the Virtual Machine Screen Resolution In virtual machines with Linux guest operating systems installed, dynamic resolution may not work when increasing the size of the guest OS window or switching to Full Screen mode. It happens because, by default, only 3 MB of video memory are allocated to such virtual machines' video cards. If you need the virtual machine screen resolution more than 1024x768, go to the Video pane (p.
Troubleshooting and Limitations 201 Problems With Antivirus Software Because of the close integration with the host operating system, some actions performed by the Parallels Desktop processes may be detected as malicious by the antivirus software installed on the host computer. However, such actions are necessary to ensure the proper functioning of Parallels Desktop. That is why you should prevent the antivirus software from blocking them.
Troubleshooting and Limitations 202 Upgrading or Installing Parallels Tools in Text Mode in a Linux Guest OS After upgrading to Parallels Desktop 4 or 5, the X Server may fail to start in Linux virtual machines. To fix the problem, you need to install Parallels Tools in text mode. 1 Start the virtual machine. 2 When you see a message about X Server that failed to start, switch to another virtual console using Ctrl+Alt+F1 and enter your login details.
Troubleshooting and Limitations 203 ./install Note: You must have the root privileges to run this command. 9 Follow the Parallels Tools Installer instructions to complete the installation. 10 When the installation of Parallels Tools is complete, restart your virtual machine. For general information about installing Parallels Tools in Linux, refer to Installing Parallels Tools in a Linux Guest OS (p. 77).
Glossary 204 Glossary This glossary defines terms and spells out abbreviations used in Parallels Desktop documentation. References to terms defined elsewhere in the glossary appear in italics. Administrator. A user with administration privileges. Activation key. A unique set of symbols that activates the Parallels Desktop application on the host computer and lets you use the Parallels Desktop functionality to its full extent. Active operating system.
Glossary 205 Host computer: The computer that is used to run virtual machines. In case of Parallels Desktop, it is your Mac. In case of Parallels Desktop, it is the Windows or Linux physical computer where Parallels Desktop is installed. In the Parallels Transporter documentation, this term may define the computer that hosts the result of migration. Hot key. A user-defined key or combination of keys that provides quick access to applications and commands. See also Shortcut. HDD file.
Glossary 206 Parallels Desktop. An application that enables you to create, manage, and use virtual machines on a Windows or Linux computer. Plain format. A virtual hard disk format. A plain virtual hard disk image file resides on the host computer and has a fixed size that cannot be changed. Preboot Execution Environment (PXE). An environment to boot computers using a network interface independently of available data storage devices (like hard disks) or installed operating systems.
Glossary 207 Virtual Machine Configuration. Like any physical computer, a virtual machine has it's own configuration which is set during the creation and can be later modified. The virtual machine configuration settings are stored in a PVS file. Virtual machine files. Files stored in a virtual machine folder. A virtual machine has at least two files: configuration file and virtual hard disk file. Virtual hard disk file. During the creation, the virtual machine acquires a virtual hard disk file with the .
Index A Adding devices CD/DVD-ROM drive - 150 floppy disk drive - 152 generic SCSI device - 160 hard disk - 145 parallel port - 158 serial port - 157 sound device - 155 USB controller - 159 Adding, existing virtual machine - 68 B Boot sequence setting boot sequence - 107 C Capturing keyboard and mouse - 73, 85 CD-ROM/DVD-ROM adding CD/DVD-ROM drive - 150 CD/DVD discs and CD/DVD disc images supported - 131 CD/DVD-ROM settings - 127 managing CD/DVD-ROM drive at runtime - 90 removing CD/DVD-ROM drive -
Index changing hard disk format - 188 hard disk settings - 129 increasing hard disk capacity - 186 managing hard disk properties - 187 reducing hard disk size - 189, 195 sharing host computer's hard disks with virtual machine - 115 types of hard disks - 131 Host-only networking - 166 Hot keys - 85 I Image Tool - 185 Increasing virtual hard disk capacity - 186 Installing Parallels Desktop - 17 installing Parallels Desktop in Linux - 20 Installing Parallels Tools in guest OSs - 72 K Keyboard capturing - 85
Index adding serial port - 157 managing serial port at runtime - 90 removing serial port - 161 serial port settings - 133 Setting Parallels Desktop preferences - 37 Shared folders setting up shared folder - 102 shared folders options - 115 Shared Folders tool - 73 using shared folders - 101 viewing in guest OS - 103 sharing files - 115 Shutting down virtual machine - 82 Socket - 133 Sound device adding sound device - 155 managing sound device at runtime - 90 removing sound device - 161 sound device setting
Index Add Existing Virtual Machine Wizard - 68 Clone to Template Virtual Machine Wizard - 175 Clone Virtual Machine Wizard - 168 Delete Virtual Machine Wizard - 170, 171 Deploy Virtual Machine Template Wizard 177 New Virtual Machine Wizard - 56 Parallels Desktop Installation Wizard - 20 211
