Data Sheet

ManualsBrandsPololu ManualsInfrared Range FindersToF Range Finder Sensor Breakout Board w/ Voltage Regulator - VL53L1X

This is information on a product in full production.

February 2018 DocID031281 Rev 2 1/35

VL53L1X

A new generation, long distance ranging Time-of-Flight sensor

based on ST’s FlightSense™ technology

Datasheet - production data

Features

• Fully integrated miniature module

– Size: 4.9x2.5x1.56 mm

– Emitter: 940 nm invisible laser (Class1)

– SPAD (single photon avalanche diode)

receiving array with integrated lens

– Low-power microcontroller running advanced

digital firmware

• Pin-to-pin compatible with the VL53L0X

FlightSense™ ranging sensor

• Fast and accurate long distance ranging

– Up to 400 cm distance measurement

– Up to 50 Hz ranging frequency

• Typical full field-of-view (FoV): 27 °

• Programmable region-of-interest (ROI) size on

the receiving array, allowing the sensor FoV to be

reduced

• Programmable ROI position on the receiving

array, providing multizone operation control from

the host

• Easy integration

– Single reflowable component

– Can be hidden behind many cover window

materials

– Software driver and code examples for

turnkey ranging

– Single power supply (2v8)

– I²C interface (up to 1 MHz)

– Shutdown and interrupt pins

Applications

• User detection (Autonomous low-power mode) to

power on/off and lock/unlock devices like

personal computers/laptops and the IoT

• Service robots and vacuum cleaners (long

distance and fast obstacle detection)

• Drones (landing assistance, hovering, ceiling

detection)

• Smart shelves and vending machines (goods

inventory monitoring)

• Sanitary (robust user detection whatever the

target reflectance)

• Smart building and smart lighting (people

detection, gesture control)

• 1 D gesture recognition

• Laser assisted autofocus which enhances the

camera autofocus system speed and robustness,

especially in difficult scenes (low light and low

contrast) and video focus tracking assistance

Description

The VL53L1X is a state-of-the-art, Time-of-Flight

(ToF), laser-ranging sensor, enhancing the ST

FlightSense™ product family. It is the fastest

miniature ToF sensor on the market with accurate

ranging up to 4 m and fast ranging frequency up to

50 Hz

Housed in a miniature and reflowable package, it

integrates a SPAD receiving array, a 940 nm

invisible Class1 laser emitter, physical infrared

filters, and optics to achieve the best ranging

performance in various ambient lighting conditions

with a range of cover window options.

Unlike conventional IR sensors, the VL53L1X uses

ST’s latest generation ToF technology which allows

absolute distance measurement whatever the target

color and reflectance.

It is also possible to program the size of the ROI on

the receiving array, allowing the sensor FoV to be

reduced.

www.st.com

Summary of content (35 pages)

PAGE 1
VL53L1X A new generation, long distance ranging Time-of-Flight sensor based on ST’s FlightSense™ technology Datasheet - production data Applications • • • • • Features • • Fully integrated miniature module – Size: 4.9x2.5x1.
PAGE 2
Contents VL53L1X Contents 1 2 Product overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1 Technical specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2 System block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 Device pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.4 Application schematic . . . . .
PAGE 3
VL53L1X 4 5 Contents Control interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.1 I2C interface - timing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.2 I2C interface - reference registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5.1 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PAGE 4
Product overview VL53L1X 1 Product overview 1.1 Technical specification Table 1. Technical specification Feature 1.2 Detail Package Optical LGA12 Size 4.9 x 2.5 x 1.56 mm Operating voltage 2.6 to 3.5 V Operating temperature: -20 to 85 °C Receiver Field Of View (diagonal FOV) Programmable from 15 to 27 degrees Infrared emitter 940 nm I2C Up to 400 kHz (Fast mode) serial bus Programmable address. Default is 0x52. System block diagram Figure 1.
PAGE 5
VL53L1X 1.3 Product overview Device pinout Figure 2 shows the pinout of the VL53L1X (see also Figure 18). Figure 2. VL53L1X pinout (bottom view) *1' *3,2 '1& ;6+87 *1' 6'$ *1' 6&/ $9669&6(/ $9'' $9''9&6(/ *1' Table 2.
PAGE 6
Product overview 1.4 VL53L1X Application schematic Figure 3 shows the application schematic of the VL53L1X. Figure 3. VL53L1X schematic ,29'' $9'' +267 ;6+87 $9''9&6(/ *3,2 $9'' 6'$ $9669&6(/ 6&/ *1' '1& *1' *1' 9/ / ; *1' Q) &DSDFLWRUV DV FORVH DV ) SRVVLEOH WR 9/ / ; Note: Capacitors on external supply AVDD should be placed as close as possible to the AVDDVCSEL and AVSSVCSEL module pins.
PAGE 7
VL53L1X Functional description 2 Functional description 2.1 System functional description Figure 4 shows the system level functional description. The host customer application controls the VL53L1X device using an API (application programming interface). The API implementation is delivered to the customer as a driver (Bare C code).
PAGE 8
Functional description 2.2 VL53L1X System state machine description Figure 5 shows the system state machine. Figure 5.
PAGE 9
VL53L1X 2.3 Functional description Customer manufacturing calibration flow The VL53L1X driver includes calibration functions. To benefit from device full performances, it is recommended they be run once at the customer production line. Device calibration allows part-to-part parameter variations and cover glass presence that may affect device performances to be compensated. Calibration data stored in the host have to be loaded into the VL53L1X at each startup using a dedicated driver function.
PAGE 10
Functional description VL53L1X 2.5 Key parameters 2.5.1 Distance mode The VL53L1X has three distance modes (DM): short, medium, and long. Long distance mode allows the longest possible ranging distance of 4 m to be reached. However, this maximum ranging distance is impacted by ambient light. Short distance mode is more immune to ambient light, but its maximum ranging distance is typically limited to 1.3 m. Table 4. Maximum distance vs. Distance mode under ambient light Distance mode Max.
PAGE 11
VL53L1X 2.5.2 Functional description Timing budget (TB) The VL53L1X timing budget can be set from 20 ms up to 1000 ms. • 20 ms is the minimum timing budget and can be used only in Short distance mode. • 33 ms is the minimum timing budget which can work for all distance modes.
PAGE 12
Functional description VL53L1X 2.6 Power sequence 2.6.1 Power up and boot sequence There are two options available for device power up/boot. Option 1: the XSHUT pin is connected and controlled from the host. This option optimizes power consumption as the VL53L1X can be completely powered off when not used, and then woken up through a host GPIO (using the XSHUT pin). Hardware (HW) standby mode is defined as the period when the power supply is present and XSHUT is low. Figure 7.
PAGE 13
VL53L1X 2.7 Functional description Ranging sequences The following figure shows the combination of the driver commands and the system states. Figure 9.
PAGE 14
Functional description 2.8 VL53L1X Sensing array optical center VL53L1X module includes a lens that focus the photons on the 16x16 SPADs sensing array. The sensing array optical center specification takes into account the part-to-part variation in production. The optical center is defined by coordinates (Xo and Yo). The optical center is measured for each part during a factory test at STMicroelectronics.
PAGE 15
VL53L1X Ranging performances 3 Ranging performances 3.1 Test conditions In all measurement tables of this specification, it is considered that: 1. The full FoV (typically 27 °) is covered or a partial FoV is covered after a specific ROI is programmed by the user (array size from 4x4 SPADs to 16x16 SPADs). 2. Charts used as targets are: grey 17 % reflectance (N4.74 Munsell), grey 54 % reflectance (N8.25 Munsell), and white 88 % reflectance (N9.5 Munsell). 3. Nominal voltage (2.
PAGE 16
Ranging performances VL53L1X 3.2 Accuracy, repeatability, and ranging error definitions 3.2.1 Accuracy definition Accuracy = mean distance – actual distance • Mean distance is the average of 32 measured distances • Actual distance is the actual target distance Accuracy can be affected by an offset error, a temperature drift, and a voltage drift. 3.2.2 Repeatability definition Repeatability is the standard deviation of the mean ranging value of 32 measurements.
PAGE 17
VL53L1X Ranging performances 3.5 Performances in ambient light conditions 3.5.1 Long distance mode Table 7. Typical performances in ambient light with long distance mode Parameter Target reflectance Dark 50 kcps/SPAD 200 kcps/SPAD White 88 % 360 166 73 Grey 54 % 340 154 69 Grey 17 % 170 114 68 ± 20 ± 25 ± 25 Max. distance (cm) Ranging error (mm) Test conditions (including those described in Section 3.1: Test conditions) are: 3.5.
PAGE 18
Ranging performances 3.6 VL53L1X Performances in partial ROI in dark conditions Table 9. Typical performances in partial ROI in dark conditions Parameter Target reflectance 16x16 8x8 4x4 White 88 % 360 308 170 Grey 54 % 340 254 143 Grey 17% 170 119 45 27 20 15 ± 20 ± 20 ± 20 Max. distance (cm) Diagonal FoV (degrees) Ranging error (mm) Test conditions (including those described in Section 3.
PAGE 19
VL53L1X 4 Control interface Control interface This section specifies the control interface. The I2C interface uses two signals: the serial data line (SDA) and serial clock line (SCL). Each device connected to the bus uses a unique address and a simple master/slave relationships exists. Both SDA and SCL lines are connected to a positive supply voltage using pull up resistors located on the host. Lines are only actively driven low.
PAGE 20
Control interface VL53L1X Figure 13. VL53L1X data format (write) Start S VL53L1X acknowledges valid address ADDRESS[7:0] As Acknowledge from VL53L1X As INDEX[15:8] INDEX[7:0] As DATA[7:0] 0x52 (write) As P Stop As data are received by the slave, they are written bit-by-bit to a serial/parallel register. After each data byte has been received by the slave, an acknowledge is generated, the data are then stored in the internal register addressed by the current index.
PAGE 21
VL53L1X Control interface Figure 16. VL53L1X data format (sequential read) 0x52 (write) ADDRESS[7:0] S INDEX[15:8] As INDEX[7:0] As As P 0x53 (read) S ADDRESS[7:0] DATA[7:0] 4.1 DATA[7:0] As Am DATA[7:0] Am DATA[7:0] DATA[7:0] Am Am Am P I2C interface - timing characteristics Timing characteristics are shown in Table 10. Please refer to Figure 17 for an explanation of the parameters used. Table 10. I2C interface - timing characteristics for Fast mode (400 kHz) Symbol Parameter Min.
PAGE 22
Control interface VL53L1X Figure 17. I2C timing characteristics stop start start ... SDA tBUF SCL tLOW tR VIH VIL tHD.STA tF VIH stop ... VIL tHD.STA tHD.DAT tHIGH tSU.DAT tSU.STA tSU.STO All timings are measured from either VIL or VIH. 4.2 I2C interface - reference registers The registers shown in the table below can be used to validate the user I2C interface. Table 11.
PAGE 23
VL53L1X Electrical characteristics 5 Electrical characteristics 5.1 Absolute maximum ratings Table 13. Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Min. Typ. Max. AVDD -0.5 - 3.6 SCL, SDA, XSHUT and GPIO1 -0.5 - 3.6 Unit V Note: Stresses above those listed in Table 13 may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of the specification is not implied.
PAGE 24
Electrical characteristics 5.4 VL53L1X Current consumption Table 16. Power consumption at ambient temperature (1) Parameter Min. Typ. Max. HW standby 3 5 7 SW standby (2) 4 6 9 uA 18 mA Inter measurement Unit 20 Ranging average (AVDD + AVDDVCSEL) (3) (4) 16 Average power consumption at 10 Hz with 33 ms timing budget 20 Average power consumption at 1 Hz with 20 ms timing budget when no target detected 0.
PAGE 25
DocID031281 Rev 2 '(6&5,37,21 ,1,7,$/ 5(/($6( 571 /HQV GLDPHWHU EHQHDWK ILOWHU JODVV '$7( (07 $SHUWXUH EHQHDWK ILOWHU JODVV &21752//(' '2&80(17 5 LQ SRV 1R GUDIW RQ WUDSH]RLG VKDSHG HQGV VHH QRWH 67 5HVWULFWHG &RS\ULJKW 670LFURHOHFWURQLFV /LQHDU 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV $QJXODU GHJUHHV 'LDPHWHU
PAGE 26
DocID031281 Rev 2 67 5HVWULFWHG &RS\ULJKW 670LFURHOHFWURQLFV /LQHDU 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV $QJXODU GHJUHHV 'LDPHWHU 3RVLWLRQ '((3 &21752//(' '2&80(17 DW GDWXP $ 571 .
PAGE 27
5HY 3$*( 'DWH 'UDZQ -RVHSK +DQQDQ $OO GLPHQVLRQV LQ PP 6FDOH 670LFURHOHFWURQLFV 6KHHW ,PDJLQJ 'LYLVLRQ 7LWOH 7- - 9 NPEVMF PVUMJOF 'UDZLQJ 1R 'DWH & % $ DocID031281 Rev 2 67 5HVWULFWHG &RS\ULJKW 670LFURHOHFWURQLFV /LQHDU 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV 3ODFH 'HFLPDOV $QJXODU GHJUHHV 'LDPHWHU 3RVLWLRQ 'H
PAGE 28
Laser safety considerations 7 VL53L1X Laser safety considerations The VL53L1X contains a laser emitter and corresponding drive circuitry. The laser output is designed to remain within Class 1 laser safety limits under all reasonably foreseeable conditions including single faults in compliance with IEC 60825-1:2014 (third edition).
PAGE 29
VL53L1X Packaging and labeling 8 Packaging and labeling 8.1 Product marking A 2-line product marking is applied on the backside of the module (i.e. on the substrate). The first line is the silicon product code, and the second line, the internal tracking code. Figure 22. Example of prototype marking 8.2 Inner box labeling The labeling follows the ST standard packing acceptance specification. The following information will be on the inner box label: 8.
PAGE 30
Packaging and labeling 8.4 VL53L1X Tape outline drawing Figure 23.
PAGE 31
VL53L1X 8.5 Packaging and labeling Pb-free solder reflow process Table 18 and Figure 24 show the recommended and maximum values for the solder profile. Customers have to tune the reflow profile depending on the PCB, solder paste, and material used. We expect customers to follow the recommended reflow profile, which is specifically tuned for VL53L1X package.
PAGE 32
Packaging and labeling Note: VL53L1X As the VL53L1X package is not sealed, only a dry reflow process should be used (such as convection reflow). Vapor phase reflow is not suitable for this type of optical component. The VL53L1X is an optical component and as such, it should be treated carefully. This would typically include using a ‘no-wash’ assembly process 8.6 Handling and storage precautions 8.6.
PAGE 33
VL53L1X 9 Ordering information Ordering information Table 20. Order codes 10 Sales type Package Packing Minimum order quantity VL53L1CXV0FY/1 Optical LGA12 with liner Tape and reel 3600 pcs Acronyms and abbreviations Table 21.
PAGE 34
Revision history 12 VL53L1X Revision history Table 22.
PAGE 35
VL53L1X IMPORTANT NOTICE – PLEASE READ CAREFULLY STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, enhancements, modifications, and improvements to ST products and/or to this document at any time without notice. Purchasers should obtain the latest relevant information on ST products before placing orders. ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale in place at the time of order acknowledgement.