User Manual
Table Of Contents
- Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Common Operations and Concepts
- On-screen Piano Keys
- Audio Basics
- Sequencer Functions
- About this chapter
- Introduction
- Sequencer area overview
- Track details
- Track definition
- The relationship between the track, the rack and the Main Mixer
- Master Keyboard Input
- The relationship between tracks, lanes, clips and events
- Track types
- Track List elements
- Creating tracks
- Selecting tracks
- Moving tracks
- Deleting tracks
- Duplicating/copying tracks and devices
- Coloring tracks
- Naming tracks
- Folding tracks
- Muting tracks
- Soloing tracks
- Lane details
- Clip basics
- Toolbar details
- Ruler details
- Transport Panel details
- About the Inspector
- Recording in the Sequencer
- About this chapter
- General recording functions
- Audio recording details
- Note recording details
- Parameter automation recording details
- Performance controllers vs. track parameter automation
- Recording performance controller automation
- Recording parameter automation into Note Clips
- Recording performance controller automation over or into an existing clip
- About performance controller automation on multiple lanes
- Recording parameter automation
- Recording parameter automation in Loop mode
- Recording parameter automation over or into an existing clip
- Adjusting automated parameters during playback - “Live mode”
- Recording parameter automation on multiple tracks
- Pattern automation recording details (Record+Reason)
- Tempo automation recording
- Arranging in the Sequencer
- About this chapter
- Clip handling
- Selecting clips
- Setting audio clip Level and Fades
- Deleting clips
- Resizing (masking) clips
- About masked recordings and events
- Tempo scaling clips
- Moving clips
- About overlapping clips
- Duplicating clips
- Cutting, Copying and Pasting clips
- Naming clips
- Coloring clips
- Splitting clips
- Joining clips
- Muting clips
- Merging clips on note lanes
- Matching clips using the “Match Values” function
- Inserting bars
- Removing bars
- Audio Editing in the Sequencer
- About this chapter
- The Edit Mode
- Audio editing tools
- Editing audio clips
- Selecting a Comp Row for playback in Single Mode
- Selecting Comp Rows
- Deleting Comp Rows
- Moving Comp Rows
- Duplicating Comp Rows
- Cutting, copying and pasting Comp Rows
- Adjusting the Comp Row Level
- Adjusting the Recording Offset
- Delete Unused Recordings
- Bounce Clip(s) to New Sample(s) (Record+Reason)
- Normalizing Clips
- Reversing Clips
- Tempo scaling Clips
- Editing audio in Comp Mode
- Audio and tempo matching
- Editing audio using the Inspector
- Note and Automation Editing
- About this chapter
- The Edit Mode
- Tool Window editing tools
- Note editing
- Selecting notes
- Deleting notes
- Drawing notes
- Resizing notes
- Moving notes
- Moving notes manually
- About moving notes outside or between clips
- Changing note pitches (transpose) with the arrow keys
- Nudging note positions with the arrow keys
- About nudging notes outside an open clip
- Moving notes with the “Alter Notes” function
- Moving notes with the “Extract Notes to Lanes” and “Explode” functions
- Moving notes in the Inspector
- Duplicating notes
- Using Cut, Copy and Paste
- Quantizing notes
- Transposing notes
- Extract Notes to Lanes
- Scale Tempo
- Editing note velocity
- Automation editing
- Overview
- Editing parameter automation
- Drawing parameter automation events
- Deleting automation events
- Editing performance controller automation
- About Automation Cleanup
- Editing pattern automation (Record+Reason)
- Drawing pattern automation (Record+Reason)
- Moving, resizing and duplicating pattern automation clips (Record+Reason)
- Deleting pattern automation clips (Record+Reason)
- The “Convert Pattern Automation to Notes” function (Record+Reason)
- Editing tempo automation
- About tempo changes and tempo automation of audio tracks
- Automating time signature
- Moving, resizing and duplicating time signature automation clips
- Deleting time signature automation clips
- Note and automation editing in the Inspector
- Working with Blocks in the Sequencer
- About this chapter
- Introduction
- Arrangement Views
- Editing Blocks in the Block View
- Arranging Blocks in the Song View
- Working with the Rack
- About this chapter
- Rack device procedures
- Navigating in the rack
- Resizing and detaching the rack
- About Device Groups
- Creating devices
- Selecting devices
- Deleting devices
- Re-ordering devices
- Creating new rack columns
- About the “Sort Selected Device Groups” function
- Duplicating devices
- Cut, Copy and Paste devices
- Naming devices
- Folding and unfolding devices
- Sounds and Patches
- About this chapter
- About patches
- About ReFills
- Using the Browser
- Opening the browser
- Browser elements
- Navigating in the Browser
- Using Locations and Favorites
- Favorites Lists
- Selecting and auditioning patches
- Selecting and auditioning samples
- Selecting multiple files
- Cross-browsing patch files
- Create Instrument/Create Effect
- About patch formats and sampler devices (Record+Reason)
- Using the “Search” function
- Opening files
- About browse lists
- Handling Missing Sounds (Record+Reason)
- The Missing Sounds dialog
- Record file formats
- Routing Audio and CV
- About this chapter
- Signal types
- About cables
- Automatic routing
- Manual routing
- Using CV and Gate
- The Main Mixer
- About this chapter
- Overview
- Navigating in the Main Mixer
- Managing mixer channels
- The channel strip
- The Master Section strip
- Automating mixer parameters
- Working with effects
- Remote controlling the Main Mixer
- Advanced routing tips and tricks
- Song File Handling
- Importing and Exporting Audio
- Sampling (Record+Reason)
- The ReGroove Mixer
- Remote - Playing and Controlling Devices
- About the various MIDI inputs
- About Remote
- Setting up
- Remote basics
- Locking a surface to a device
- Remote Override
- Additional Remote Overrides...
- Keyboard Control
- Saving Remote Setups
- ReWire
- Synchronization and Advanced MIDI
- About this chapter
- Synchronization to MIDI Clock
- Advanced MIDI - The External Control Bus inputs
- Optimizing Performance
- Introduction
- Optimization and Latency reduction
- Optimizing your computer system
- Optimizing Songs
- Global
- Main Mixer
- Sample Players – NN19, NNXT, Dr. Octo Rex and Redrum (Record+Reason)
- Filters – Subtractor, Thor, Malström, NN19, NNXT and Dr. Octo Rex (Record+Reason)
- Polyphonic Devices – Subtractor, Thor, Malström, NN19, NNXT, Dr. Octo Rex and Redrum (Record+Reason)
- Subtractor (Record+Reason)
- Thor (Record+Reason)
- Malström (Record+Reason)
- Redrum (Record+Reason)
- Mixer devices
- Distortion (Record+Reason)
- Reverb (Record+Reason)
- Send Effects
- RAM requirements
- Record Hardware Interface
- The Combinator
- Introduction
- Creating Combinator devices
- Combinator elements
- About internal and external connections
- Adding devices to a Combi
- Combi handling
- Sequencer tracks and playing Combis
- The Controller panel
- Using the Programmer
- Mixer 14:2
- The Line Mixer 6:2
- ID8 Instrument Device
- Subtractor Synthesizer (Record+Reason)
- Thor Polysonic Synthesizer (Record+Reason)
- Malström Synthesizer (Record+Reason)
- NN-19 Sampler (Record+Reason)
- Introduction
- General sampling principles
- About audio file formats
- Sampling in NN-19
- About Key Zones and samples
- Loading a Sample into an empty NN-19
- Loading SoundFont samples
- Loading REX slices as samples
- Creating Key Zones
- Selecting Key Zones
- Setting the Key Zone Range
- Deleting a Key Zone
- About Key zones, assigned and unassigned samples
- Adding sample(s) to a Key Map
- Setting the Root Key
- Removing sample(s) from a Key Map
- Removing all unassigned samples
- Rearranging samples in a Key Map
- Setting Sample Level
- Tuning samples
- Looping Samples
- About the Solo Sample function
- Automap Samples
- NN-19 synth parameters
- Play Parameters
- Connections
- NN-XT Sampler (Record+Reason)
- Introduction
- Sampling in NN-XT
- Panel overview
- Loading complete Patches and REX files
- Using the main panel
- Overview of the Remote Editor panel
- About Samples and Zones
- Selections and Edit Focus
- Adjusting parameters
- Managing Zones and Samples
- Working with Grouping
- Working with Key Ranges
- Setting Root Notes and Tuning
- Using Automap
- Layered, crossfaded and velocity switched sounds
- Using Alternate
- Sample parameters
- Group parameters
- Synth parameters
- Connections
- Dr. Octo Rex Loop Player (Record+Reason)
- Introduction
- About REX file formats
- Loading and saving Dr. Octo Rex patches
- Playing Loops
- Adding Loops
- Playing individual Loop Slices
- Creating sequencer notes
- Slice handling
- Dr. Octo Rex panel parameters
- Dr. Octo Rex synth parameters
- Connections
- Redrum Drum Computer (Record+Reason)
- Introduction
- Sampling in Redrum
- About file formats
- Using patches
- Programming patterns
- Redrum parameters
- Using Redrum as a sound module
- Connections
- Kong Drum Designer (Record+Reason)
- Introduction
- Overview
- About file formats
- Using patches
- Pad Settings
- The Drum and FX section
- The Drum modules
- The Support Generator modules
- The FX modules
- Connections
- Using Kong as an effect device
- Using external effects with Kong
- The MClass Effects
- Line 6 Amps
- RV7000 Advanced Reverb
- Scream 4 Sound Destruction Unit
- BV512 Vocoder (Record+Reason)
- Introduction
- Setting up for basic vocoding
- Using the BV512 as an equalizer
- BV512 parameters
- Connections
- Automation
- Tips and tricks
- Neptune Pitch Adjuster and Voice Synth
- Introduction
- Overview and basic concepts
- Setting up for pitch processing
- Using pitch correction
- Using pitch shifting (Transpose)
- Using Formant control
- Using the Voice Synth
- Panel parameters
- Connections
- Pitch adjustment tips and tricks
- Half-Rack Effects
- Common effect device features
- DDL-1 Digital Delay Line
- CF-101 Chorus/Flanger
- Spider Audio Merger & Splitter
- Spider CV Merger & Splitter
- RV-7 Digital Reverb (Record+Reason)
- D-11 Foldback Distortion (Record+Reason)
- ECF-42 Envelope Controlled Filter (Record+Reason)
- PH-90 Phaser (Record+Reason)
- UN-16 Unison (Record+Reason)
- COMP-01 Auto Make-up Gain Compressor (Record+Reason)
- PEQ-2 Two Band Parametric EQ (Record+Reason)
- Matrix Pattern Sequencer (Record+Reason)
- RPG-8 Arpeggiator (Record+Reason)
- ReBirth Input Machine (Windows Only)
- Menu and Dialog Reference
- Record menu (Mac OS X)
- File menu
- New
- New from Template
- Open...
- Open Demo Song
- Close
- Save
- Save As...
- Save and Optimize
- Song Information...
- Song Self-contain Settings... (Record+Reason)
- Import Audio File...
- Import MIDI File...
- Export MIDI File...
- Export Insert FX Patch...
- Save Device Patch As...
- Export Song/Loop as Audio File...
- Bounce Mixer Channels...
- Export REX as MIDI File... (Record+Reason)
- Quit (Windows)
- Edit menu
- Undo
- Redo
- Cut/Cut Tracks and Devices/Cut Channels and Tracks
- Copy/Copy Tracks and Devices/Copy Channels and Tracks/Copy Patch
- Paste/Paste Tracks and Devices/Paste Channels and Tracks/Paste Patch
- Delete/Delete Tracks and Devices/Delete Channels and Tracks
- Delete Tracks
- Duplicate Tracks and Devices/Duplicate Channels and Tracks
- Select All/Select All Devices/Select All Tracks/Select All Channels
- Select All in Device Group
- Sort Selected Device Groups
- Auto-route Device
- Disconnect Device
- Combine/Uncombine
- Copy/Paste Channel Settings (Main Mixer channel strips)
- Clear Insert FX
- Reset All Channel Settings (Main Mixer channel strips)
- Initialize Patch
- Cut Pattern (Record+Reason)
- Copy Pattern (Record+Reason)
- Paste Pattern (Record+Reason)
- Clear Pattern (Record+Reason)
- Browse Patches.../Browse Insert FX Patches...
- Browse Loops... (Record+Reason)
- Browse Samples... (Record+Reason)
- Automap Samples (Record+Reason)
- Delete Sample/Remove Sample (Record+Reason)
- Delete Unused Samples (Record+Reason)
- Split Key Zone (Record+Reason)
- Delete Key Zone (Record+Reason)
- Reload Samples (Record+Reason)
- Add Zone (Record+Reason)
- Copy Zones (Record+Reason)
- Paste Zones (Record+Reason)
- Duplicate Zones (Record+Reason)
- Delete Zones (Record+Reason)
- Select All Zones (Record+Reason)
- Copy Parameters to Selected Zones (Record+Reason)
- Sort Zones by Note (Record+Reason)
- Sort Zones by Velocity (Record+Reason)
- Group Selected Zones (Record+Reason)
- Set Root Notes from Pitch Detection (Record+Reason)
- Automap Zones (Record+Reason)
- Automap Zones Chromatically (Record+Reason)
- Create Velocity Crossfades (Record+Reason)
- Copy Loop to Track (Record+Reason)
- Copy Pattern to Track (Record+Reason)
- Shift Pattern Left/Right (Record+Reason)
- Shift Drum Left/Right (Record+Reason)
- Shift Pattern Up/Down (Record+Reason)
- Random Sequencer Pattern (Record+Reason)
- Randomize Pattern (Record+Reason)
- Randomize Drum (Record+Reason)
- Alter Pattern (Record+Reason)
- Alter Drum (Record+Reason)
- Invert Pattern (Record+Reason)
- Arpeggio Notes to Track (Record+Reason)
- Create Track for.../Delete Track for...
- Go To Track for
- Insert Bars Between Locators
- Remove Bars Between Locators
- Bounce Clip to New Sample (Audio Clips) (Record+Reason)
- Bounce Clip to Disk (Audio Clips)
- Bounce Clip to New Recording (Audio Clips)
- Enable/Disable Stretch (Audio Clips)
- Delete Unused Recordings (Audio Clips)
- Normalize Clips (Audio Clips)
- Reverse Clips (Audio Clips)
- Convert Pattern Automation to Notes (Record+Reason)
- Convert Block Track to Song Clips
- Commit to Groove
- Parameter Automation...
- New Note Lane
- Merge Note Lanes on Tracks
- Get Groove From Clip
- Join Clips
- Mute Clips/Unmute Clips
- Crop Events to Clips
- Add Labels to Clips/Remove Labels from Clips
- Clip Color
- Track Color
- Adjust Alien Clips to Lane
- Quantize Notes
- Edit Keyboard Control Mapping...
- Clear Keyboard Control Mapping
- Clear All Keyboard Control Mappings for Device
- Edit Remote Override Mapping...
- Clear Remote Override Mapping
- Clear All Remote Override Mappings for Device
- Copy/Paste Remote Override Mappings
- Preferences – General
- Mouse Knob Range
- Automation Cleanup Level
- Trigger Notes while Editing
- Reduce Cable Clutter Setting
- Cable Animation
- Show Parameter Value Tool Tip
- Show Automation Indication
- Default Song
- Load Last Song On Startup
- CPU Usage Limit
- Load Default Sound in New Devices
- Use MultiCore Audio Rendering
- Self-contain Samples When Loading From Disk (Record+Reason)
- Preferences – Audio
- Preferences – Keyboards and Control Surfaces
- Preferences – Advanced Control
- Preferences - File Locations
- Preferences - Language and Computer Keyboard
- Create menu
- Options menu
- Internal Sync/MIDI Clock Sync/ReWire Sync
- Enable Keyboard Control
- Keyboard Control Edit Mode
- Remote Override Edit Mode
- Additional Remote Overrides...
- Surface Locking...
- Toggle Rack Front/Rear
- Reduce Cable Clutter
- Auto-group Devices and Tracks
- Show Navigators
- Follow Song
- Show Block Clips in Song View
- Keep Events in Clip while Editing
- Auto-color Tracks and Channels
- Record Automation into Note Clips
- Number of Precount Bars
- Enter Edit Mode/Enter Arrange Mode
- Switch to Block View/Song View
- Window menu (Windows version)
- Window menu (Mac OS X version)
- Help menu
- Index
NN-19 SAMPLER
(RECORD+REASON)
622
Introduction
A sampler could be described as a device capable of recording and reproducing audio material, like a tape recorder.
Unlike a tape or hard disk based recorder, samplers allows you to “play” the recorded sound via MIDI, using a key-
board for example. This way, any reproducible sound can be integrated into the MIDI environment, and be controlled
from sequencers etc. like synthesizers.
The NN-19 is a sampler
capable of recording and reproducing - but not editing - sound files.
The program comes with numerous ready-made sample patches, covering all kinds of instrument types. In addition to
this there are plenty of single samples that can be used for creating your own patches.
If you want to sample and edit your own sounds, you can use the Sampling function, described in the “Sampling (Re-
cord+Reason)” chapter.
There are also plenty of relatively inexpensive (and even free) audio editing software for both the Windows and the
Mac OS X platforms, that will allow you to both record audio (via your computers or audio cards audio inputs), and to
edit the resulting audio file. Virtually every software that is capable of this, can create sound files which can be loaded
directly into the NN-19.
Also, there are thousands of high quality sample libraries available, covering every conceivable musical style or direc-
tion ranging from professionally recorded orchestral samples to esoteric electronic noises.
General sampling principles
Background
Before a sound can be used by a sampler, it must be converted to a digital signal. Hardware samplers and computer
audio cards provide audio inputs that can convert the analog signal to digital, by the use of an “A/D Converter” (ana-
log to digital). This “samples” the signal at very short time intervals and converts it to a digital representation of the an-
alog signal’s waveform. The sample rate and the bit depth of this conversion determines the resulting sound quality.
Finally the signal is passed through a digital to analog converter (D/A) which reconstructs the digital signal back to
analog, which can be played back.
Multisampling vs. single samples
Most of the included NN-19 patches are made up of a collection of several samples. This is because a single sam-
pled sound only sounds natural within a fairly narrow frequency range. If a single sample is loaded into an empty NN-
19, the sample will be playable across the whole keyboard. The pitch (frequency) of the original sample (called root-
key) will be automatically placed on the middle C key (C3).
Note that this has nothing to do with the actual pitch the sample itself produces! It may not even have a pitch as such,
it could be the sound of someone talking for example.
If you play any single sample about two octaves above or below its root key, it will most likely sound very “unnatural”.
In the case of it actually being a sample of someone talking, playing two octaves up will make the talking voice sam-
ple sound squeaky, short and most likely unintelligible. Two octaves down the voice will sound something like a
drawn-out gargle.
Thus, the range that most samples can be transposed without sounding unnatural is limited. To make a sampled pi-
ano, for example, sound good across the whole keyboard, you need to first have made many samples at close inter-
vals across the keyboard, and then define an upper and lower range for each sample, called a Key Zone. All the
keyzones in the piano sample patch then make up a Key Map.
How to create key zones is described in “About Key Zones and samples”.