WESTERN MULTIPLEX CORPORATION Installation and Maintenance Manual Base Station Unit Multipoint SS MAN 40XX-001d1
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Revisions: September 2001 Draft October FCC submittal December Released for review ii
WESTERN MULTIPLEX CORPORATION Tsunami Point-to-Multipoint 2001 Western Multiplex Corporation 1196 Borregas Avenue Sunnyvale, California 94089 USA Phone +1 408 542 5200 • Fax +1 408 542 5300 http://www.wmux.com ftp://ftp.wmux.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T NOTICE: CAREFULLY READ THE FOLLOWING LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY (THE “LIMITED WARRANTY”). BY USING THE WESTERN MULTIPLEX EQUIPMENT INCLUDED WITH THIS LIMITED WARRANTY, YOU AGREE TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CONTAINED IN THIS LIMITED WARRANTY. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS, RETURN THE WESTERN MULTIPLEX EQUIPMENT TO WHERE IT WAS PURCHASED OR LEASED WITHIN THIRTY (30) DAYS OF RECEIPT FOR A FULL REFUND. 1. LIMITED EQUIPMENT WARRANTY 1.
Acts of God, fires, floods, wars, terrorist acts, sabotage, civil unrest, labor disputes or similar events, actions or hazards; and (e) Accidents, negligence, neglect, mishandling, abuse or misuse, other than by Western Multiplex personnel or a Western Multiplex authorized service agent.
T S U N A M I 3.2 3.3 M U L T I P O I N T FOR ALL EQUIPMENT UNTIL WESTERN MULTIPLEX RECEIVES IT, AND YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL SHIPPING, HANDLING AND INSURANCE CHARGES, WHICH MUST BE PREPAID. (d) Western Multiplex is not responsible for Equipment received without an RMA Number and may reject the return of such Equipment. Western Multiplex is also not responsible for any of your confidential, proprietary or other information or data contained in Equipment you return to Western Multiplex.
dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to the Limited Warranty. 5. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY 5.
Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1-1 PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS ......................................................................................................................................... 1-2 KEY FEATURES......................................................................................................................................................
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Command to show the Base Station’s arp table...................................................................................................... 5-4 Command to ping a device connected to the BSU .................................................................................................. 5-4 Command to turn data squelch on or off.................................................................................................................
T S U N A M I 1 M U L T I P O I N T Chapter 1 Introduction T sunami Multipoint is a point-to-multipoint outdoor wireless system offering a high-capacity alternative to wired data networks. Using IP packet radio transmitters, standard Ethernet interfaces, and an easy to-deploy design, the Tsunami Multipoint system enables high-speed network connections to multiple Ethernet switches, routers or PCs from a single location.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T ABOUT THE TSUNAMI PRODUCT FAMILY The Tsunami family of Ethernet bridges provides wireless solutions that meet the growing demand for transparent and reliable high-speed network interconnectivity. In addition to Tsunami Multipoint for point-to-multipoint connections, the Tsunami product line includes the following point-to-point offerings: Tsunami 10BaseT, a cost-effective, high-capacity alternative to multiple wireline T1 connections.
T S U N A M I P O I N T - T O - M U L T I P O I N T High-capacity connection enables faster network traffic to deliver new service offerings PURE ETHERNET CONNECTIVITY Operates in either Ethernet bridging or IP routing modes with direct connections to PCs, Fast Ethernet switches & routers Support for VLAN tagging KEY FEATURES Flexible throughput rates: Time Division Duplex (TDD) 5.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Safety Instructions IMPORTANT This product has been evaluated to the U.S. and Canadian (Bi-National) Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment, Including Electrical Business Equipment, CAN/CSA C22.2, No. 950-95 * UL 1950, Third Edition, including revisions through revision date March 1, 1998, which are based on the Fourth Amendment to IEC 950, Second Edition. In addition, this product was also evaluated to the applicable requirements in UL 1950, Annex NAE.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Do not insert objects of any shape or size inside this product. Objects may contact hazardous energy parts that could result in a risk of fire or personal injury. NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
T S U N A M I 2 M U L T I P O I N T Chapter 2 System Overview A system is made up of one to six Base Stations that make up a Hub (or cell) with each Base Station communicating with their associated SUs (Subscriber Units). Together, they provide a wide coverage, high-capacity system that transfers IP traffic between the Hub and its multiple SUs. Each Hub has the ability to communicate in all directions using up to six sectors of 60 degrees each.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Point-to-Multipoint Network Model When we talk about the PMP network, one should look at the Subscriber Unit (SU) and the Base Station Unit (BSU) as an integrated transmission and switching medium with physical ports or access points that interface to end user devices. Each Base Station Unit or SU represents one such physical port or access point. Packets received by a SU are transmitted to the Base Station Unit and emerge out from it as a single data stream.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T triggers a "hit" in the hash list, the hardware will forward the packet to software for delivery to the local network. Otherwise, the packet is discarded. Hardware Address Filter ARP Table Uplink traffic Local traffic Programmable Hash Filter Downlink traffic Subscriber Unit (SU) Figure 2-3: SU Filters in Bridging Mode Limitations of the Bridging Mode Again, if we consider the PMP network as a multi-port bridge, then it exhibits only a limited bridging function.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Other than the above constraint, Bridging mode also consumes more wireless bandwidth than IP Routing mode for several reasons. First, the entire Ethernet frame, which includes the 18 bytes Ethernet header, is transmitted between the SU and the Base Station Unit. Second, all ARP packets are transmitted between the SU and Base Station Unit as well. Empirical result has shown that in general Bridging mode can consume up to 10% more bandwidth than IP Routing mode.
T S U N A M I VLAN Switch BSU 1 (VLAN id 1) Port 1, tagged VLAN ids 1,2,3 Port 2, tagged VLAN ids 1,2 BSU 2 (VLAN id 1) Port 3, untagged VLAN id 3 Router1 Port 4, untagged VLAN id 2 Router2 Port 5, untagged VLAN id 1 Ethernet Console M U L T I P O I N T SU 1 (VLAN id 2) PC 1 SU 2 (VLAN id 3) PC 2 SU 3 (VLAN id 2) PC 3 Figure 2-5: PMP VLAN implementation VLAN TAG VLAN ID Routing Mode BSU1 ON 1 (hard coded) Bridging BSU2 ON 1 (hard coded) Bridging SU1 Same as BSU1 2 Same as BS
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T In Fig.2-5 above, the VLAN switch has both tagged and untagged ports. A tagged port can only receive and transmit VLAN frames. For a port such as port 1 that associates with multiple VLAN ids, it has to be tagged. An untagged port can receive both tagged VLAN frames or untagged regular Ethernet frames but will only transmit untagged Ethernet frames.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T have been registered. Any device with an IP address not in the PMP's configuration database will not be able to access the wireless network. B. LOCAL ACCESS In this mode, any device connected directly to the SU's local network will be able to access the network, regardless of how its IP address is obtained. C. OPEN ACCESS This mode allows any device connected either directly to the SU's local network or indirectly via a router to access the wireless network.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Access Filter Local traffic Programmable Hash Filter ARP Table Subscriber Unit (SU) Figure 2-6: SU Filters in IP Routing Mode Proxy: to ARP or not to ARP .... In addition to enforcement of the access modes discussed above, one of the main functions of the SU is to serve as a proxy server for the local devices. Without this function many of our network applications will fail.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T The proxy capability allows SUs in the PMP network to share the same subnet address, even though they are not directly connected. Without this capability, all the SUs in the network will be forced to have different subnet addresses. ARP for PC2 PC1 192.168.20.4 CPE1 192.168.20.2 Proxy for PC2 BS1 192.168.20.1 CPE2 192.168.20.3 PC2 192.168.20.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Router1 191.168.20.1 191.168.21.1 SU 1 191.168.20.30 PC1 191.168.20.40 SU 2 191.168.20.31 PC2 191.168.20.41 SU 3 191.168.21.30 PC3 191.168.21.40 SU 4 191.168.21.31 PC4 191.168.21.41 BSU 1 191.168.20.10 BSU 2 191.168.21.10 Figure 2-8: Example 1 Network Diagram In this configuration two subnets 191.168.20.0 and 191.168.21.0 are installed. BS1 belongs to subnet 191.168.20.0 and is connected to one of the router ports, which has the same subnet address.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Example 2: Router1 Hash Mode Static assigned IP Address DHCP assigned IP Address Subnet Mask NA NA NA 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway BS1 for 171.168.20.0 and 172.168.20.0 subnets BS2 for 173.168.20.0, 174.168.20.0 and 175.168.20.0 subnets Router2 NA NA NA 255.255.255.0 SU4 for 174.168.20.0 subnet BS1 NA NA NA 255.255.255.0 Router1 BS2 NA NA NA 255.255.255.0 Router2 SU1 Restricted PC1 NONE 255.255.255.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T For illustrative purpose, all SUs and Base Station Units are assigned to different networks. This is possible because in IP Routing mode the PMP network can function like a multi-port router where each port has its own network address. In this configuration we have added Router2, which is connected to SU4 and also to PCX via a second port with a different network interface 175.168.20.0.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T USEFUL HINTS FOR ANYONE TRYING TO OPERATE THE PMP NETWORK When changing back and forth between Bridging mode and IP routing mode, always remember to manually clear the ARP table of your PC. Don’t just turn off the power of the Base Station Unit “at-will” because the Base Station Unit might be saving internal variables or configuration parameters to the flash memory at that moment.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T 3 Chapter 3 Site Planning & Installation The installation of a wireless network requires much the same basic planning as any wired network. The main difference is that the wireless signal requires some additional planning. This planning includes RF path planning, site preparation, and installation of outdoor components such as outdoor units, antennas, lightning protection devices, and cabling suitable for outdoor conditions.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T The planning of a wireless link involves collecting information and making decisions. The following sections will help you determine which information is critical to the site and will be an aid in the decision-making process. Weather It is important to research any unusual weather conditions that are common to the site location. These conditions can include excessive amounts of rain, wind velocity or extreme temperature ranges.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T are available for use on buildings, towers, antennas, cables, and equipment, whether located inside or outside the site, that could be damaged by a lightning strike. Lightning protection requirements are based on the exposure at the site, the cost of link down-time, and local building and electrical codes. If the link is critical, and the site is in an active lightning area, attention to thorough lightning protection and grounding is critical.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T close they are to the desired frequency. The further away from your proposed frequency, the less likely they are to cause a problem. Antennas Antennas frequently play a key role in reducing the potential for interference. They come in a variety of configurations that have different performance characteristics in the areas of gain and directionality.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T polarization also provides protection against multipath degradation of the signal quality. TOWERS When planning antenna placement, it might be necessary to build a free-standing tower for the antenna. Regulations and limitations define the height and location of these towers with respect to airports, runways, and airplane approach paths. These regulations are controlled by the FAA.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T obtain a license. However, you must use radio equipment that is "type approved" by the FCC or local government for use within the specific band. Specifications PRODUCT Base Station Unit BURST-RATE LIMIT 20 Mbps MODEL NUMBER 40400-25x BURST RATE D/L THROUGHPUT U/L THROUGHPUT 20 Mbps 9 Mbps 8 Mbps Note: Above calculations are typical and based on a 50/50 down/link (D/L) up/link (U/L) division of slots.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Radio Access Method Duplexing Integrated Antenna Max Subscriber Units/BSU Frequency Channels Regulatory Compliance TDMA Time Division Duplex (TDD) 19 dBi (60˚ Azimuth. x 6˚ Elevation) 1,023 4 non-overlapping, 5 and 6 available FCC Part 15.247 (ISM) IC RSS210 STANDARDS COMPLIANCE AND INTERFACES Ethernet Interface Ethernet Connector BSU indoor-outdoor cable Standards Compliance 10/100BaseT RJ45 female Circular plastic connectors with Category-5 cable IEEE 802.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Size (WxHxD) 17.2 x 3.5 x 8.25 inches/43.7x8.9x 21cm Weight 5 lbs/2.3 kg Base Station Power Brick (Indoor Unit, for 1 Base Station) Size (WxHxD) 37.4x 70.9 x 24.8 inch/95 x 180 x 63 cm Weight 1.5 lbs/0.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T INSTALLATION Details Base Station Unit (ODU) Pole Mounting, 1.5-3.00" diameter OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES Connector kit Other cable lengths (25 & 50m cables) Figure 3-1: BSU’s ODU Cable Detail Crimping Method for Connector Termination Loose piece contacts are designed to be crimped with crimp tooling (hand tools, die assemblies, or crimping heads), but can be done with normal hand tools. The applicable crimp tooling for the contacts is described later.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Figure 3-2: Crimping styles and insertion Insertion - Normally, an insertion tool is not required to insert contacts into the housings. However, if the wire bundle is large, or if the wire is fragile, an insertion tool is recommended. To insert a contact, grip insulation of wire (directly behind contact) and align contact with BACK of desired contact cavity. Insert contact straight into cavity until it bottoms.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Figure 3-3: Indoor portion of interconnect cable Wire Size and Preparation Contacts are available for the wire sizes specified. Prepare wire for crimping by stripping insulation. DO NOT nick, scrape, or cut the stranded or solid wire conductor during stripping operation. When using twisted pair cable, one wire should be cut shorter than the other by the same distance as the strip length of the longer wire.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T TOOLING AMP Hand Crimping Tools and Applicators are available for applying crimp type contacts, also Insertion Tools and Extraction Tools assist in assembly and repair. Instruction Sheets and Applicator Instructions, describing tool operations, are packaged with the tool.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T INSTALLING FLEXIBLE STRAIN RELIEF BOOTS AND GRIPPERS Proceed as follows: 1. Install boot and gripper on cable before removing cable jacket. Slide boot onto cable flexible end first. Slide gripper onto cable slotted and first. 2. Crimp contacts to wires according to instructional material packaged with crimp tooling. 3. Insert contacts into housing according to instructions packaged with connector. 4. Thread gripper onto connector.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Figure 3-4: IDU to ODU cable w/separate power plug Alternative Method of Connection Another method that is acceptable is to use what are called “jelly beans” or Telephone Wire Tap Connectors. These moisture resistant and easy to install devices have been used by the telephone industry for years both indoors and out (for this installation, recommendation is for using only indoors).
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T these Taps being sure that each wire from the ends of each severed cables match exactly in color per each Telephone-type Wire Tap Connector. Refer to the table below that provides the details on each of the eight (8) wires that will need to be spliced from one cable to the like color on the other cable. After successfully installing the wire tap devices, the severed cable will carry the Ethernet and voltages necessary for operation.
D E S I G N 4 C U S T O M I Z A T I O N Chapter 4 Set-up Procedure Please read this section completely before attempting to install any software, test or operate this system. Permanent damage to the equipment can result if directions are not followed exactly as provided.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Unpacking the System Pay close attention to how units are packed before unpacking. SEE PHOTO BELOW AND NEXT PAGE FOR CLARIFICATION The Base Station Unit (BSU), unpacking should be in the following steps: a. Remove power supply unit b. Remove loose cables and small mounting hardware in the bracket area c. Remove the top layer of foam being careful not to rip d. Remove large mounting bracket e.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Mechanical Considerations – Mounting Units The outside component of your Tsunami Multipoint Base Station Unit are designed to directly mount to 1-1/2 inch to 3 inch pole diameters (outer diameter). For mounting directly to a proper size pole, first attach the bottom mounting bracket to the pole using the retainer as seen below while keeping the unit upright (lash to pole or keep hosting rope in place).
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T acquire at least one GPS satellite to extract timing signals for the ODU transmission synchronization. Figure 4-3: ODU with GPS antenna Each BSU ODU must have its GPS antenna attached and mounted as described above. Figure 4-4: Base Station ODU Connect the supplied cable between the ODU (pictured above) and the power unit mounted near your PC or network. The ODU cable to the inside power unit may be of two different styles (see Figures 2-12 and 2-13).
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Adjust the up/down tilt accordingly per the terrain and location of the SUs. Refer to the following Figure.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T ODU top bracket to pipe detail ODU bottom bracket detail ODU bottom bracket ODU power and Ethernet connector Power supply option with user Ethernet ODU bottom showing ground/earth wiring 4-6
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Software Installation Use the enclosed CD and install per instructions found on the CD in the readme.txt file. The supplied BSU Configuration software will provide basic setup and operational capability; and is described in section 5. For managed system operation, consider acquiring the Wireless Manager.
D E S I G N 5 C U S T O M I Z A T I O N Chapter 5 Advanced Setup Commands Base Station Configuration Commands Command to select frequency plan Command: Example: Comment: Warning: freqPlan freqPlan 4 The frequency plan assigned must lie between 4 to 6 This command will force the Base Station to reset automatically and come up with the new configuration.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Command to assign the number of reserved aloha channels Command: Example: Comment: Warning: aloha aloha 1 At least one aloha channel must be assigned. The number of aloha channels cannot exceed 15.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Command to change the Base Station’s id Command: Example: Comment: setID setID 2 If no parameter is entered the Base Station’s existing id will be displayed. Command to set the Base Station’s subnet mask Command: Example: Command: setSubnet < subnet mask> setSubnet 255.255.254.0 The Base Station console will display the Base Station’s current subnet mask, if no subnet mask is entered.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Command to show the Base Station’s arp table Command: arp Command to ping a device connected to the BSU Command: Comment: ping This command allows the operator to ping a device with the specified IP address. For this to work, the device must be located on the Base Station side. That is, the operator cannot ping a device connected to a Subscriber Unit from the Base Station console.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T SU Configuration Commands Command to add a Subscriber Unit to the Base Station’s database. Command: Example: Comment: addSU addSU f0f0f0f0f021 to is the Ethernet address assigned to the Subscriber Unit Command to remove a Subscriber Unit from the Base Station database. Command: Example: removeSU removeSU 1 Command to assign a VLAN ID to a Subscriber Unit.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T an existing static IP addresses has to be deleted before a new one can be added. The static IP addresses associated with the SU can be displayed using the dspSU command. Command to remove a static IP address from a Subscriber Unit. Command: Example: removeSUIP removeSUIP 1 192.168.20.10 Command to disable a Subscriber Unit. Command: Example: Comment: disableSU disableSU 1 This command will put the SU into the listen only mode.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T 5-7
D E S I G N 6 C U S T O M I Z A T I O N Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Regular Maintenance There is no regular maintenance required except to keep the surfaces free from debris, dirt and dust. Problem – Solution Problem: If the BSU operator sees "Fault: Multi-sector mode but no GPS 1PPS messages detected - restarting GPS.” Possible Causes: Means that the GPS receiver is not receiving a signal from at least 4 satellites because of signal blockage or interference.
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Explanation: Two different SUs have the same Ethernet address stored in the BS's database "101 Terminal id %i has default Ethernet address deadbecafe” Explanation: An SU’s Ethernet address is not defined in the database "103 DB check completed" Explanation: Database verification is completed “104 Save NV Networking Parameters” Explanation: Save networking parameters into the database “105 Save NV Calibration Parametersn" "106 Save NV Netentry Parameters" "107 Save NV
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T "114 Completed flash sector verification" 6-3
T S U N A M I M U L T I P O I N T Repair and Return Instructions and Policy Statement Should it become necessary to send a product(s) in for repair, please call 408-542-5390 ext. 2 (technical support) or you may email your request to support@wmux.com, Monday through Friday 8:00 am – 5:00 pm PST, excluding U.S. holidays. Below is a list of information needed prior to the issue of an RMA#: • A service order number, assigned by a Western Multiplex technical support engineer.
INDEX A M Accessories ............................................................. 3-9 Antennas ................................................................. 3-5 ARP......................................................................... 2-7 Maintenance ........................................................... 6-1 Mechanical ............................................................. 4-3 MIB......................................................................... 3-8 Mounting ..................
