3Wood Cast Iron Boiler SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS For wood and soft coal only. IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE PROCEEDING WITH THE INSTALLATION OF THE BOILER. THESE INSTRUCTIONS MUST BE POSTED NEAR THE BOILER AND MAINTAINED IN LEGIBLE CONDITION FOR REFERENCE BY THE OWNER OR SERVICE PERSON. Must be installed by a qualified licensed Heating Contractor. OWNER: For service and repairs to the heating system, please contact your Heating Contractor.
Dear Customer, Thank you for buying a BIASI 3Wood Boiler. The 3Wood Boiler system is a cast iron, solid fuel, hot water boiler, using the famous Biasi (3-pass) design. This Boiler is rugged and engineered for maximum heating efficiency. We realize that it is not possible to answer all the questions about the 3Wood Boiler System in this manual.
Table of Contents Important Information 4 5-6 Warnings and safety rules, Identification Procedure in event of power failure 7 Refueling the Boiler 8 Wood Burning 9 Heat value of wood, Wood Storage, Ash Removal 10 Creosote, Runaway Fire 11 Chimneys 12 Coal Firing 13 3Wood Design 14 Installation Considerations 15 Layout of Main Components 16 Transporting and Minimum Clearances 17 Flue Gas Outlet and Combustion Air 18 Assembling the Casing 19 Installation of Controls 20 Installati
IMPORTANT INFORMATION Please read this page carefully. ALL BOILERS MUST BE INSTALLED IN ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL, STATE AND LOCAL PLUMBING, HEATING AND ELECTRICAL CODES AND ORDINANCES, AS WELL AS THE REGULATIONS OF THE SERVING ELECTRICAL, WATER AND GAS UTILITIES. All systems should be designed and installed by licensed heating contractors who are knowledgeable in the layout and installation of multi-fuel heating systems.
WARNING · · · · · · SAFETY RULES After removing the packaging, check that the material supplied is intact and complete; if this is not the case, contact the heating contractor that sold the 3WOOD Boiler. The 3WOOD Boiler must be installed by a licensed heating contractor in compliance with the National, State and Local codes in force and the instructions provided in the manual supplied with the 3WOOD. The 3WOOD Boiler must be used for the intended purpose.
WARNING · · · -Canadian Operate the (gas, Oil, Electric) boiler periodically to ensure that it will operate satisfactory when needed. DO NOT relocate or by-pass any of the safety controls in the original boiler installation. The operation of the gas boiler must be verified for acceptance operation before and after installation of the add-on boiler by a gas filter who is recognized by a regulatory body. Note: Only wood and bituminous coal can be burned in this boiler.
PROCEDURE IN EVENT OF POWER FAILURE Should your electricity go off during the heating season, there are several procedures that should be followed in order that you may continue to safely operate your heating system. These procedures apply to the solid-fuel boiler, as the gas or oil-fired boiler, if any, will be completely inoperative. 1. Locate any “flow-check” valves in the system (See Pg. 7), and completely unscrew the knob on the top of all these valves.
REFUELING THE BOILER CAUTION · · · · Use extreme caution when refueling the boiler. If the door is opened too quickly, the unburned hot gases may ignite and cause a back puff. This is especially true with very dry wood. DO NOT tamper with the chain on the draft regulator as it could cause the fire to burn out of control. Keep ash and fuel doors closed if not refueling boiler. DO NOT overload the boiler.
WOOD BURNING Overview Burn dry and well-seasoned hardwood with a moisture content of 20% or less. Wood must be seasoned at least six months; however, it is preferable to season it for a year to eighteen months. Seasoned wood will not only reduce creosote but will also produce more heat. Some seasoned hardwoods will yield 20-25% more heat. Wood-burners who ignore this advice are likely to have dirty chimneys and inadequate performance from their boilers.
The Heat Value of Wood The following chart compiled by the United States Forest Products Laboratory indicates the amount of heat available per cord of wood from a few representative tree species. Other good to very good species would include apple, walnut, pecan, dogwood, cypress, sycamore and gum. The latter two are hard to split, as is elm. Available Heat Per Cord In Millions of BTU/ HR Green Wood Air-Dry Percent More Heat For Air-Dry Wood Ash 16.5 20.0 21 Aspen (Popple, Poplar) 10.3 12.
CREOSOTE Creosote condenses from the flue gases more quickly when the temperature in the chimney is low. The actual amount of creosote deposited is dependent on: 1. The amount of moisture in the flue gases. 2. The temperature of the stack, 3. The rate at which the wood is burned. 4. The amount of draft in the stack. 5. How completely the combustible elements in the flue gases have been burned in the combustion chamber.
Chimneys WARNING Do NOT connect this unit to a chimney flue serving another appliance. Downdrafts Downdrafts can result from improper chimney height, nearby buildings, tree that are taller then the chimney, and too large of a flue. To help minimize this problem, the top of the chimney must be at least three feet above the point at which it passes through the roof and two feet above the highest point of the roof.
COAL FIRE DANGER COAL FIRES CAN PRODUCE POISONOUS GASES! All coal fires produce large quantities of carbon monoxide (CO) a highly poisonous gas. Exposure to this gas produces drowsiness, sleep, and in some cases, brain damage or even death. Since carbon monoxide is odorless and colorless, the victim is rarely aware that he or she is being overcome until it is too late.
The 3WOOD Design The 3WOOD Boilers are hot water generators that operate by combustion of hard wood or soft coal. They feature a high quality and extremely thick ASME class 20 cast-iron body, protected by high-density insulation that limits heat loss. The large heat exchange surface and the fins in the flue gas path ensure exceptional resistance to corrosion and very high efficiency that remains constant over time (self-cleaning effect).
Installation considerations When the 3WOOD is installed, check that The flue, if reused: · · · · · · · Supplies the negative pressure required for the new boiler (see the table of technical specifications on page 10); is suitable for the temperature of the products of combustion, and has been calculated and constructed according to the required standards; recommended by NFPA is as straight as possible, airtight, insulated and is not blocked or choked; is fitted with a cleanout door The heating system shoul
LAYOUT OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS 1. Pressure Gauge 13. Flame Inspection Window 2. Temperature Gauge 14. Loading Door 3. Flue Gas Chamber 15. Draft Regulator 4. Mobile Smoke Plate 16. Flue Attachment 5. Loading / Combustion Chamber 17. Flue Gas Damper 6. Flue Gas Baffle 18. Flue Cleanout Door 7. Ash Collection Chamber 19. Casing 8. Ash Pit Door 20. Insulation 9. Ash Tray 21. 1 1/2” Flange for Overheat control 10. Primary Air Damper 22. 1 1/2” Nipple (Supply Outlet) 11.
Transporting Once the packaging has been removed, cut the straps and remove the casing in such a way as to avoid damaging it.
WARNING FLUE GAS OUTLET The chimney and flue must be made in compliance with building codes and resistant to high temperature, condensate and mechanical stress, and that are airtight. · Do not connect to any chimney flue or vent servicing another appliance. · The 3WOOD takes in the combustion air from the room where the boiler is installed, which MUST FEATURE ventilation openings as required by NFPA standards. The flue (1) must ensure the minimum negative draft between .07 and .
ASSEMBLING THE CASING A. Remove the outlet and return stubs from the cardboard box inside the loading/combustion chamber, and install them B. Fit a screw and nut in the holes on the four bottom brackets (1), without tightening them C. Insert them in the top of the four slots provided at the bottom of the boiler, and secure them with the nuts. NOTE: The four top brackets (2) have holes for fastening the paneling to the tie-rods D.
Installation of Controls A. Insert the temperature gauge (16) in the housing on the front panel (15) and secure it B. Partially unwind the capillary tube from the thermometer, insert the sensor in the probe socket (17) and secure it with the fastening spring C. Fit the front panel (15), handling the temperature gauge capillary tube to make sure it is not damaged, and inserting the regulator in the opening provided D. Secure it to the side panels using the screws supplied. E.
Installation of Flue Gas Partition A. Open the loading door (1) B. Remove the flue gas cover (2) by turning the latch (3) C. Insert the flue gas partition (4) in the guide provided and press it fully into the rear of the boiler. D. Replace the cover (2) and secure it with the latch (3) E. Open the door on the ash collection chamber (5) and insert the ash tray (6) Installation of Draft Regulator A. The draft regulator is installed horizontally. The hexagon screw (8) must be facing bottom.
B. Hold the cam in position by hand, remove the protector (9) and replace it with the hexagonal handle (10) at a 45° angle up from the center of the regulator. C. Set the regulator knob (7) by turning knob of regulator counter clockwise to the white 30° mark which is the minimum position (90°F). D. Remove chain from bag and cut it 32” long and install the hook and eyelet. E. Secure the handle (10) by tightening screw (11) Connect one end of the chain to the hook and attach the hook to handle (10). F.
Commissioning the 3WOOD Boiler: WARNING PRELIMINARY CHECKS/ Starting The Fire Before starting a fire in the 3 WOOD, check that: 1. The 3WOOD is filled with water. 2. The valves are open in the distribution system. 3. The distribution system has been purged of all its air. 4. The exhaust pipe and combustion air controls and dampers have been installed correctly. 5. The seals on flue and ash door are in good condition. ___________________________________________ STARTING AND MAINTAING A WOOD FIRE A.
3WOOD boiler piping and wiring Considerations Before choosing a particular system for your installation, the possibility of using a mixing valve arrangement to avoid the problems of overheating should be considered. These systems will continuously release heat to the distribution system in proportion to the outside temperature or other load factor. Such an arrangement can be added to any heating system, and is one of the most sophisticated methods of heating system regulation available.
Note: Power failure reference page 9. Thermostat NOTE: All wiring must be done in accordance with applicable state, local and national codes. Use only copper conductors. 3Wood installed in combination with a oil/gas boiler Note: The operation of the gas boiler must be verified for acceptable operation before and after installation of the add-on appliance by a gas fitter who is recognized by the regulatory authority. CAUTION PIPING NOTES: 1. This drawing is meant to show system piping concept only. 2.
B. 4-WAY MIXING VALVE Installed with 3WOOD Boiler in Combination with Oil/Gas Boiler 1. A mixing valve arrangement is a method of controlling house temperature that is different than traditional American systems. In the average hydronic system, circulating or not circulating water of a fairly high and relatively constant temperature to radiation controls temperature in the house or zone. The thermostat used in such a system is a simple switch to a relay, which turns the circulator on and off.
PIPING NOTES: 1. This drawing is meant to show system piping concept only. The installer is responsible for all equipment & detailing required by local codes. 2. Discharge of Pressure Relief Valve must be piped without valves to within 3” of the floor. 3. Where required, Low Water Cutoff must be installed in the Supply piping of the oil/gas boiler 4. The 3Wood boiler must not interfere with the normal delivery of heated water from the original boiler. 5.
NOTE: All wiring must be done in accordance with applicable state, local and national codes. Use only copper conductors. The 3WOOD must be installed without changing the function of the controls or rewiring the original boiler. A wiring interconnection is permitted. The electrical system of both boilers shall be powered from a single branch circuit without exception.
C. 3WOOD Boiler with circulator Piped in Parallel with Oil/Gas Boiler In the traditional American baseboard, hydronic system, the heating temperature in the house or zone is controlled by circulating or not circulating water of a fairly high and relatively constant temperature to radiation. The thermostat used in such a system is a simple switch to a relay which turns the circulator on and off.
PIPING NOTES: 1. This drawing is meant to show system piping concept only. The installer is responsible for all equipment & detailing required by local codes. 2. Discharge of Pressure Relief Valve must be piped without valves to within 3” of the floor. 3. Where required, Low Water Cutoff must be installed in the Supply piping of the oil/gas boiler 4. The 3Wood boiler must not interfere with the normal delivery of heated water from the original boiler. 5.
NOTE: All wiring must be done in accordance with applicable state, local and national codes. Use only copper conductors. The 3WOOD must be installed without changing the function of the controls or rewiring the original boiler. A wiring interconnection is permitted. The electrical system of both boilers shall be powered from a single branch circuit without exception.
# Description 3WOOD 4,5,6,7 21 Bottom Door 59200644 1 Stud Screw 59200619 22 Hinge 59200645 2 Bushing 59200620 23 Pin 59200646 3 Flange 59200621 24 Gasket 59200729 4 Side Tapping 25 Flame Guard 59200647 5 Rear Boiler Section 59200623 26 Top Door 59200648 6 Intermediate Boiler Sections 59200624 27 Handle Catch 59200649 7 Top Push Nipples 59200625 28 Handle Catch 59200650 8 Bottom Push Nipples 59200626 29 Regulator 59200651 9 Bushing 59200627 30 Lower D
# Description 3WOOD-4 3WOOD-5 3WOOD-6 3WOOD-7 1 Top Rear Panel 59200600 59200600 59200600 59200600 2 Insulation Assembly 59200601 59200602 59200603 59200604 3 Rear Panel 59200605 59200605 59200605 59200605 4 Cover Panel 59200606 59200607 59200608 59200609 5 Right Side Panel 59200610 59200611 59200612 59200613 6 Front Panel 59200614 59200614 59200614 59200614 7 Left Side Panel 59200615 59200616 59200617 59200618 34
SHUTDOWN Extended Shutdown: If the boiler is not used for an extended period, the following operations must be performed: · · · Close the on-off valves connected to the 3WOOD Boiler. Remove the ash and clean the flue gas path. Assess whether the Technical Service needs to be contacted for more through cleaning. WARNING · · Empty the system or add Non– Toxic antifreeze fluids to the heat system if there is danger of frost.
Troubleshooting Problem Cause Corrective action - Clean and check the tightness of the flue gas path - Fumes are escaping into the air - Check that the loading and combustion chamber doors close correctly There is a smell of fumes. The boiler has reached the set temperature but the radiators are still cold.
System Checkout: Boiler Model No._________________ Serial No.
Warranty for BIASI - 3WOOD Residential Cast-Iron Water Boilers FIRST YEAR-WARRANTY FOR 3WOOD SERIES QHT and Biasi will not be responsible for: RESIDENTIAL HOT WATER BOILERS: QHT warrants that its 1. Components that are part of the heating system, but cast-iron boiler and casing are free from defects in material and were not manufactured by Biasi or QHT as part of the boiler. workmanship for one year from the date of installation. If the boiler 2. The workmanship of the installers of 3WOOD boilers.
For service please contact: QHT Inc. 3560 Lafayette RD Portsmouth, NH 03801 Email: info@qhtinc.com Web: www.qhtinc.com Telephone: 800-501-7697 Fax: 603-334-6401 3 WOOD Boiler Manufactured by: Biasi S.p.
