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Quantum LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive, P/N 50002763, B01, July 2005 Made in USA. Quantum Corporation provides this publication “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Quantum Corporation may revise this publication from time to time without notice. COPYRIGHT STATEMENT Copyright 2005 by Quantum Corporation. All rights reserved.
Contents Preface Chapter 1 xi Introduction 1 Features ............................................................................................................... 2 Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start 3 Quick Start Guide .............................................................................................. 4 Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Quick Start ............................ 4 Desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Quick Start............................
Contents Connecting a Serial Cable for Tape Libraries........................................14 Connecting a Power Cable.......................................................................15 Installing the LTO Driver.........................................................................15 Registering Your Tape Drive...................................................................15 Installing a Desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive..................................16 Setting the SCSI ID .............
Contents Chapter 5 Specifications 35 Physical Specifications .................................................................................... 36 Power Specifications........................................................................................ 38 Drive Performance Specifications.................................................................. 39 Environmental Requirements ........................................................................ 41 Injected Noise ...........................
Contents Finding Existing SCSI Controllers and Devices ...................................58 Using the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive .............................................59 Configuring for SGI Irix ..................................................................................60 Finding Current SCSI Controllers and Targets.....................................60 Modifying the IRIX Configuration File..................................................60 Configuring for HP-UX 11.0 ....................
Figures Figure 1 Drive Covered in this User’s Guide (Typical).......................... 1 Figure 2 Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Jumper Settings ...... 9 Figure 3 Acceptable Mounting Orientation ........................................... 11 Figure 4 Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Mounting Dimensions.................................................................................. 12 Figure 5 Rear View of the Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive ..
Figures viii LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive User’s Guide
Tables Table 1 SCSI IDs and Jumper Settings for LTO-2 Half-Height in Drive ........................................................................................ 10 Table 2 Serial Interface Connector Pin Assignments .......................... 15 Table 3 LTO-2 Tape Drive Blink Codes ................................................ 21 Table 4 Physical Specifications............................................................... 36 Table 5 Voltage and Current .......................................
Tables x LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive User’s Guide
Preface Audience This document was written for operators of the Quantum LTO-2 HalfHeight Tape Drive. Purpose This document provides information about the Quantum LTO-2 HalfHeight Tape Drive including: Document Organization 0 • Installing the drive • Basic drive operations • Maintenance • Specifications • Troubleshooting This document is organized as follows: • Chapter 1, Introduction, provides an overview of LTO and Ultrium technologies, and summarizes the drive’s key features.
Preface • Chapter 2, Installation and Quick Start describes handling precautions, unpacking tips, and installation instructions for the internal and desktop drives, as well as a summary of cabling and connector specifications. It also provides quick-start instructions for getting the drives up and running in the shortest possible time. • Chapter 3, Operation explains the use and operation of the drive and describes maintenance procedures.
Preface Related Documents Documents related to the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive are shown below: SCSI-2 Specification 0 The SCSI-2 communications specification is the proposed American National Standard for information systems, dated March 9, 1990. Copies may be obtained from: Global Engineering Documents 15 Inverness Way, East Englewood, CO 80112 (800) 854-7179 or (303) 397-2740 Contacts Quantum company contacts are listed below.
Preface 0 Customer Support The Quantum Customer Support Department provides a 24-hour help desk that can be reached at: North/South America: (949) 725-2100 or (800) 284-5101 Asia/Pacific Rim: (International Code) + 61 7 3839 0988 Europe/Middle East/Africa: (International Code) + 44 (0) 1256 848748 Send faxes for the Customer Support Department to: North/South America: (949) 725-2176 Asia/Pacific Rim: (International Code) + 61 7 3839 0955 Europe/Middle East/Africa: (International Code) + 44 (0)
Chapter 1 1 Introduction The LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive is a high-performance 8-channel tape drive that complies with the LTO interchange specifications. It is suited for mid-range to high-end servers, mainframe systems, and tape library automation systems. The LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive uses Ultrium data cartridges. Its capacity is maximized using intelligent data compression. The drive has a native capacity of 200 Gbytes (400 Gbytes assuming 2:1 data compression).
Chapter 1 Introduction Features Features 1 The following list summarizes the key features of the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drives. 2 • Performance - Up to 26 Mbytes-per-second native transfer. • 13-Speed Transfer matches tape drive speed to that of the host and optimizes data transfers, resulting in shorter backup times and increased reliability. • Two convenient form-factors: • 5¼-inch internal form-factor for installation in a 5¼-inch halfheight space. • External desktop form-factor.
Chapter 2 2 Installation and Quick Start This chapter explains how to install the internal and desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drives.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Quick Start Guide Quick Start Guide 2 Use the following quick-start instructions to get your tape drive up and running as quickly as possible. Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Quick Start 2 1 2 Use the following procedure to install internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive. Print this page and check each step as you complete it. If you need more information about a step, turn to the section referenced in the step.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Quick Start Guide Desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Quick Start 2 1 2 Use the following procedure to install desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive. Print this page and check each step as you complete it. If you need more information about a step, turn to the section referenced in the step. Unpack the contents of your drive package, and check for damaged items. See Unpacking and Inspection.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Unpacking and Inspection Unpacking and Inspection 2 Although drives are inspected and carefully packaged at the factory, damage may occur during shipping. Follow these steps to unpack the drive. 1 Visually inspect the shipping containers and notify your carrier immediately of any damage. 2 Place shipping containers on a flat, clean, stable surface; then carefully remove the contents. If the equipment is damaged, notify your Quantum representative.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Drive Installation Instructions • Due to the speed of the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive, it is recommended that a maximum of one LTO-2 drive be connected to one channel on a host SCSI adapter.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing an Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive • SCSI ID: 6 • Terminator power: disabled If you need to change these settings, refer to the following sections. Otherwise, skip to Mounting the Internal Tape Drive on page 11. 2 SCSI ID • Jumper Pins: 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8 • Default Setting: SCSI ID 6 Each SCSI device on the bus must have its own unique SCSI ID. The internal tape drive is shipped with a default SCSI ID of 6.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing an Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Figure 2 Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Jumper Settings Drive Configuration Jumper Pins Drive Configuration Jumper Pins Default settings: Pins: Function: 1-2 SCSI ID bit 0 3-4 SCSI ID bit 1 Jumper Settings SCSI ID=0 SCSI ID=8 SCSI ID=1 SCSI ID=9 SCSI ID=2 SCSI ID=10 SCSI ID=3 SCSI ID=11 SCSI ID=4 SCSI ID=12 SCSI ID=5 SCSI ID=13 5-6 SCSI ID bit 2 7-8 SCSI ID bit 3 SCSI ID=6 SCSI ID=14
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing an Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Table 1 SCSI IDs and Jumper Settings for LTO-2 Half-Height in Drive Jumpers SCSI ID 1–2 3–4 5–6 7–8 0 Open Open Open Open 1 Shunted Open Open Open 2 Open Shunted Open Open 3 Shunted Shunted Open Open 4 Open Open Shunted Open 5 Shunted Open Shunted Open 6 (default) Open Shunted Shunted Open 7 Shunted Shunted Shunted Open 8 Open Open Open Shunted 9 Shunted Open Open
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing an Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Mounting the Internal Tape Drive 2 You can mount the internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive either horizontally or vertically (see figure 3). • If you mount the drive vertically, the side of the drive should be within 5 degrees of horizontal. • If you mount the drive horizontally, the base of the drive must be within 15 degrees of horizontal and the drive must be right-side up.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing an Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Figure 4 Internal LTO2 Half-Height Tape Drive Mounting Dimensions INCLUDING CONNECTORS 5.0 BEZEL THICKNESS 41.0 MAX (40.75 NOMINAL) 0.5 47.4 2X M3.0 NEARSIDE 2X M3.0 FARSIDE 3X 5.0 THIS HOLE M3.0 x 2.5 10.0 79.2 52.9 140.0 146.0 144.8 4X M3.0 X 5.0 2.4 221.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing an Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Connecting a SCSI Cable 2 The internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive has an Ultra3 SCSI interface, terminated by an LVD SCSI connector. Use the following procedure to connect a SCSI cable to this connector. 1 Turn off all power to the drive and the computer. 2 Attach the SCSI interface cable to the 68-pin SCSI interface connector on the back of the drive (see figure 5).
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing an Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Checking the SCSI Termination 2 By default, the internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive does not provide SCSI termination. If you use this default setting, you must place a SCSI bus terminator or a SCSI device with termination enabled at the end of the SCSI chain. See figure 6 for two examples of SCSI termination.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing an Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Table 2 Serial Interface Connector Pin Assignments Pin Numbers Connecting a Power Cable 2 Description 1 +Txa-Rxd 2 -Txa-Rxd 3 Ground 4 -Txa-Rxa 5 +Txd-Rxa 6 Sensed 7 Sensea 8 Reseta 9 Signalaux 10 Reserved Attach a four-pin power cable to the power connector on the back of the drive. Figure 5 shows the location of the power connector.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing a Desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Installing a Desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive 2 The desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive is a compact subsystem that connects to the host computer through a SCSI port.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing a Desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Checking the SCSI Termination 2 If the desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive is the last or only device in a SCSI chain, install a 68-pin LVD terminating plug on the unused SCSI connector. See figure 7 for two SCSI termination examples. Note: Termination power is enabled as a default for desktop drives.
Chapter 2 Installation and Quick Start Installing a Desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Registering Your Tape Drive After you install the desktop tape drive, be sure to register it. Registering 2 your drive ensures that you will receive the latest information about your drive, as well as other product, service, and support information. For your convenience, you can register your drive through our Web site at: www.quantum.com/registration.
Chapter 3 3 Operation This chapter describes how to operate the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive.
Chapter 3 Operation Understanding the Front Panel Display Understanding the Front Panel Display 3 Figure 8 shows a generalized view of the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive front-panel display. Figure 8 Generic Front Panel Display Power LED Activity LED Error LED Status LED Tape Load/Unload Button All drives have four LEDs on the front panel.
Chapter 3 Operation Blink Codes Blink Codes 3 Table 3 below summarizes the blink codes for the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drives.
Chapter 3 Operation Using LTO Cartridges Note: • ON refers to a constant light • Slow refers to a blink rate of 1/2 second on, 1/2 second off • Fast refers to a blink rate of 1/8 second on, 1/8 second off. Using LTO Cartridges Loading a Cartridge Unloading a Cartridge 3 3 To load an Ultrium cartridge into the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive, place the cartridge in the slot and then do one of the following: • Continue to push the cartridge the rest of the way into the drive.
Chapter 3 Operation Using LTO Cartridges • If you slide the switch all the way toward the corner (see figure 9), data can be read from and written to the cartridge. Note: LTO cartridges have prewritten servo patterns and should not be bulk erased.
Chapter 3 Operation Drive Maintenance Retensioning the Tape 3 If, during storage and/or transportation, a data cartridge has been exposed to conditions outside the above range, it must be conditioned before use in the operating environment. The conditioning process requires exposure to the operating environment for a time equal to, or greater than, the time away from the operating environment, up to a maximum of 24 hours.
Chapter 3 Operation Drive Maintenance The LTO cleaning cartridge has the same dimensions as the data cartridge and contains an LTO-CM (Cartridge Memory), but is loaded with cleaning media instead of recording media. Always keep the cleaning cartridge in its protective case when not in use. To clean the drive, insert an LTO Ultrium cleaning cartridge. During the cleaning process, both the Status and Drive LEDs remain lit.
Chapter 3 Operation Drive Maintenance 26 LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive User’s Guide
Chapter 4 4 Theory This chapter describes operational theories used in the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive. The topics covered in this chapter are: • Track Layout • Recording Method • Data Buffer • Data Integrity • Data Compression Track Layout 4 With the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive, there are 512 data tracks on the LTO tape, numbered 0 through 511. • Data track 511 is the track closest to the bottom edge of the tape (the reference edge). • The area between adjacent servo bands is a data band.
Chapter 4 Theory Track Layout • There are 4 data bands, each of which includes 128 data tracks. • The data bands are numbered 2,0,1,3. Data band 2 is closest to the bottom edge of the tape. A track group should it be: is a set of 16 data tracks that record concurrently. The sets of 16 data tracks in a data band are data sub bands. There are 8 data sub bands per data band. The data tracks are accessed in a serpentine manner.
Chapter 4 Theory Recording Method Recording Method 4 The LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive records data using write-equalized (1,7) Run Length Limited (RLL) code. RLL (1,7) Data bits are defined as follows: • A ONE is represented by a flux transition at the center of a bit-cell. • A ZERO is represented by no flux transition in the bit-cell. Data Buffer 4 In their default configuration, the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive has a 32-Mbyte buffer.
Chapter 4 Theory Data Integrity There are two levels of Error Correction Coding (ECC). These two levels are orthogonal — that is, an ECC codeword at one level intersects ECC codewords at the other level just once, which means there will be only one common symbol between them. The two levels are called C1 and C2. C1 ECC 4 As data is written to memory from the Data Processing unit, the DMA / ECC interface generates C1 ECC bytes and writes them to memory.
Chapter 4 Theory Data Compression Servo-tracking Faults 4 • For two or more known C1 codeword pairs in error, the matrix is computed by firmware and the correction is performed by hardware. • For one or more unknown C1 codeword pairs, syndromes are generated by hardware, error location is computed by firmware, the matrix is computed by firmware and the correction is performed by hardware.
Chapter 4 Theory Data Compression Data Compression Considerations 4 • The same amount of information can be stored on a smaller length of tape. • More data can be stored on a given length of tape. • Performance can more closely parallel to that of high-transfer-rate computers. • More information can be transferred in the same time interval. In an effective data-compression method, several factors are important: • The amount of compression.
Chapter 4 Theory Data Compression Data compression algorithms can be tailored to provide maximum compression for specific types of data. Because varying types of data are encountered in normal day-to-day operating circumstances, however, an effective data compression method for a tape drive must serve various data types. Additionally, the data compression method must adapt to different data types, automatically providing optimum handling for all types of data.
Chapter 4 Theory Data Compression 34 LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive User’s Guide
Chapter 5 5 Specifications This chapter provides technical specifications for the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive.
Chapter 5 Specifications Physical Specifications Physical Specifications 5 Table 4 below lists the physical specifications of the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive. Table 4 Physical Specifications Internal SCSI Drive without Bezel Internal SCSI Drive with Bezel Height 1.6 inches (41.0 mm) max 1.69 inches (43.1 mm +/- 0.3 mm) Width 5.75 inches (146.05 ± 0.25) 5.81 inches (147.8 mm +/- 0.3 mm) Length 8.74 inches (222 mm) 8.93 inches (227 mm) max (less connector) Weight 3.660 lb. (1.66 kg) 3.
Chapter 5 Specifications Physical Specifications Figure 11 Internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive Dimensions 226.5 OVERALL LENGTH INCLUDING CONNECTORS 5.0 BEZEL THICKNESS 41.0 MAX (40.75 NOMINAL) 0.5 47.4 2X M3.0 NEARSIDE 2X M3.0 FARSIDE 3X 5.0 THIS HOLE M3.0 x 2.5 10.0 79.2 52.9 140.0 146.0 144.
Chapter 5 Specifications Power Specifications Power Specifications 5 The desktop LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive comes with a built-in 90260VAC (47-63 Hz) automatic switching power supply. Maximum voltage and power specifications for the internal LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive are listed in table 5 and table 6. Table 5 Voltage and Current Specification +12 VDC + 5VDC DC Voltage Tolerance (1) 12.00 + or – 10% 5.00 + or – 5% Non-operating max voltage 14 Volts peak 7 Volts peak Idle current (1) 0.
Chapter 5 Specifications Drive Performance Specifications Specification LTO-2 Max Continuous Operating Power (4) 25 watts RMS* Max Peak Operating Power (5) 40 watts RMS (1 sec max) Note: (1) No cartridge loaded (typical drive idle current/power) Cartridge loaded and tape-threaded -- drive ready for transfer (typical drive standby current/power) (3) Average drive current/power measured during Read/Write mode at 4.53 m/s on a typical drive.
Chapter 5 Specifications Drive Performance Specifications Table 7 Drive Performance Specification Specification Value Capacity LTO-2 (609 m) 200 Gbytes (native) Ultrium type A (609 m) 100 Gbytes (native) Ultrium type B (319 m) 50 Gbytes (native) Ultrium type C (203 m) 30 Gbytes (native) Ultrium type D (87 m) 10 Gbytes (native) Recording density 3,930 RLL-encoded ONEs per mm Flux density 3,660 flux transitions per mm Track density 3 tracks per mm Error recovery Read-after-write Reed Solo
Chapter 5 Specifications Environmental Requirements Specification Value Average rewind time (609-m tape) > 4.5 seconds Maximum rewind time (609-m tape) <136 seconds Average data access time (609-m tape) from BOW 68 seconds Maximum data access time (609-m tape) from BOW 136 seconds Average rewind time (609-m tape) < 76 seconds Tape speed Up to 3.48 meters per second Environmental Requirements 5 Table 8 lists the environmental specifications for the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive.
Chapter 5 Specifications Reliability Specification Operational Non-operational Altitude max 10,000 feet MSL (at 25°C) 40,000 feet (power off) Shock (1/2 sine wave) 10 Gs peak, 11 msec 25 Gs peak, 11 msec Vibration (sweep test) 0.005 inches DA (5-43 Hz) 0.20 G peak (43–1000 Hz) sweep rate 51000Hz; (1.0 octave per minute) 0.1 inches DA (5-15 Hz) Acoustic level idling (A-wt sum) 52 dBA maximum 5.0 LwA Bels — Acoustic level operational (A-wt sum) 57 dBA maximum 5.
Chapter 5 Specifications Mean Time Between Failures Table 9 Reliability Specification Description Non-recoverable error rate < 1 in 1017 bits Error recovery and control • Error correction code techniques (C1 and C2 ECC) • Read-after-write (RAW) • Error monitoring and reporting (error log) • Retry on Mean time between failures (MTBF) 250,000 hours MTBF at 100% duty cycle: power applied and tape moving continuously (Desktop drive; 50,000 hours at full load and 25°C) Cartridge load/unload 100,000 ca
Chapter 5 Specifications LTO Cartridge Specifications Mean Time to Replace The mean time to replace (MTTR) is the average time required by a 5 qualified service technician to diagnose a defective drive and to install a replacement drive. The MTTR for LTO products is less than 0.5 hour (30 minutes). The Quantum LTO drives are field-replaceable units. If a problem occurs with a subassembly or component in the drive, you should replace the entire unit.
Chapter 5 Specifications Regulatory Compliance Cartridge Memory 5 Each Ultrium cartridge has 4 Kbytes of nonvolatile memory: 3 Kbytes are used to store tape-directory and hardware specific information. 1 Kbyte is available for application and OEM use. The cartridge memory is powered, read, and written to via a radio-frequency link. Cartridge Reliability Recommended cartridge use: After 5,000 load/unload cycles, replace the cartridge to ensure data integrity.
Chapter 5 Specifications Regulatory Compliance Country Regulatory Organization Compliant to: Member nations of IECEE* IECEE* International Electrotechnical Commission on Electrical Equipment (IECEE) for Mutual Recognition of Test Certificates for Electrical Equipment “CB Scheme” CB Scheme per IEC 60950-1 with details and exceptions for each member country Singapore Productivity and Standards Board (PSB) PSB safety certification CB Scheme South Korea JEON JEON safety certification CB Scheme Arge
Chapter 5 Specifications Regulatory Compliance EMC Compliance 5 Country Regulatory Organization Compliant to: United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Title 47: Code of Federal Regulations, Part 15, Subpart B, Class B: Digital Device (47CFR15B) Canada Industry Canada Digital Apparaus - Interference-Causing Equipment Standard (ICES-003) ICES-003 Class B: Digital Apparatus EU member nations CE Emissions per CISPR 22, EN55022 and Immunity per CISPR 24, EN55024 Australia and New Zealan
Chapter 5 Specifications Disposal of Electrical and Electronic Equipment You should also consider the following safety points: • Install the drive in an enclosure that limits the user’s access to live parts, gives adequate system stability and provides the necessary grounding for the drive. • Provide the correct voltages (+5 VDC and +12 VDC) based on the regulation applied—Extra Low Voltage (SEC) for UL and CSA, and Safety Extra Low Voltage for BSI and VDE (if applicable).
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings 6 This chapter describes how to configure various UNIX systems to recognize and obtain optimal performance from the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive. The topics covered in this chapter are: • A Word About SCSI Controllers • Configuring for the DEC/Compaq UNIX Environment • Configuring for the Sun Environment (Solaris 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 7, 8, and 9) • Configuring for the IBM AIX Environment (AIX Version 4.1.x and later) • Configuring for SCO Open Server 5.0.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings A Word About SCSI Controllers A Word About SCSI Controllers 6 The LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive transfers data at 40Mbytes per second, with 2:1 compression of the data. The drive supports the SCSI Ultra3 specification and can transfer data at burst rates of up to 160 Mbytes per second. To achieve maximum drive performance, it is important to choose high-performance disk drives for your system, as well as high performance SCSI controllers.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for the DEC/Compaq UNIX Environment Configuring Digital UNIX Version 4.0 and later/Compaq Tru64 UNIX 5.x 6 Use File Manager to open the file /etc/ddr.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for the Sun Environment (Solaris 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 7, 8, and 9) To enable the tape driver to turn on data compression when writing data to tape use the .c. option. For commands that use density and tape size settings, the tape density is 124,000 bpi and the tape length is 1800 feet. For commands that use a blocking factor, we recommend a blocking factor of 64 as a minimum (128 is recommended). Configuring for the Sun Environment (Solaris 2.4, 2.5, 2.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for the Sun Environment (Solaris 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 7, 8, and 9) We recommend that the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive not be attached to esp controllers. This controller is not fast enough to work with the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive. The minimum recommended controller would be a glm controller, which is an Ultra Wide controller. We recommend Ultra3 SCSI-capable controllers capable of 160MB/s data transfer as a minimum.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for the IBM AIX Environment (AIX Version 4.1.x and later) • Uses Mode Select Page 10h to enable/disable compression Once st.conf has been modified, the kernel must be reconfigured by booting the system using the boot-r command. If you are replacing a tape device with the same SCSI ID you may want to delete the st devices from the /dev/rmt directory (recommended).
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for the IBM AIX Environment (AIX Version 4.1.x and later) 1 Enter SMIT at the Tape Drive menu by typing smit tape 2 Select Add a tape Drive. 3 Select the type of tape drive you will be adding. Use the Other SCSI Tape Drive option. 4 Select the Parent SCSI Adapter from the available list. The Add a tape Drive “Entry Fields” appears.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for SCO Open Server 5.0.x 8 Exit SMIT. Note: We suggest using the AIX commands .backup and .restore when transferring data to and from the LTO-2 HalfHeight Tape Drive. These commands transfer data more quickly than other commands such as tar and cpio. • For cpio we suggest a blocking factor of 128. • For tar we suggest using the .N option and a factor of 128. • Some older systems with poor video controllers may experience a reduction in performance when using the .
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for SCO Open Server 5.0.x This command produces output similar to: %tape type=S ha=0 id=6 lun=0 bus=0 ht=alad The information above shows that an Adaptec SCSI controller is installed (alad) and a SCSI tape drive (type=S) is installed as target id 6. SCSI ID #7 is almost always dedicated to the SCSI controller. Never configure your target device for ID 7 unless you are absolutely sure the controller is not addressed for ID 7.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for Linux 13 When the process takes you back to the two Main Menu screens, press q. 14 When asked to create a new kernel, enter yes. 15 When asked if you want the new kernel to boot by default press y. 16 When asked if you want the kernel environment to be rebuilt press y. 17 Reboot the system. Note: Not all of the SCO “tape” commands will operate or be applicable to the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive (execute the command .man tape.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for Linux You may see output similar to: (scsi0) found at PCI 0/16/0 To find existing SCSI devices execute the command: cat /proc/scsi/scsi You may see output similar to: Host: scsi0 Channel: 0 Id:6 Lun:00 Vendor: CERTANCE Model: ULTRIUM2 Type: SequentialAccess ANSI SCSI Revision 03 Use the output of these two commands to see which SCSI target id numbers are free. In the above example a tape drive is attached at target id 6.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for SGI Irix Configuring for SGI Irix Finding Current SCSI Controllers and Targets 6 6 To properly attach SCSI devices to hosts it is necessary to ensure that each target device has a unique SCSI address. The command hinv can be used to find all attached SCSI controllers and target devices.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for HP-UX 11.0 M TCAN_COMPRESS, 40, 5*60, 10*60, 10*60, 3*3600, 512, 256*512, tpsc_default_dens_count, tpsc_defalt_hwg_dens_names, tpsc_default_alias_dens_names, {0}, 0, 0, 0, 0, (u_char*) 0}, After modifying the configuration file, recompile the kernel with the autoconfig command and reboot the system. If you are replacing an existing storage device with the same SCSI ID remove the device files prior to using the autoconfig command and rebooting the system.
Chapter 6 UNIX Settings Configuring for HP-UX 11.0 Where: • x is the data under H/WPath from the ioscan. • y is the data under I from the ioscan. • z is the tape device identifier number. You can execute an ls command for the /dev/rmt directory to choose an identifier number that has not already been used. You can also choose a unique device name such as cnb to more easily remember which device name will enable data compression during write.
Chapter 7 7 Troubleshooting Guide This chapter contains best practices for getting the most out of your LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive. This chapter also contains troubleshooting information you can use to identify and resolve tape drive problems in the unlikely even you encounter a problem with your tape drive.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Installation Best Practices In addition, do not • Attach the tape drives to a non-LVD SCSI controller, as this will degrade the performance of the tape drive and the performance of your backups. • Attach non-LVD SCSI devices on the same bus cable, as this will degrade the performance of the tape drive and your backups. • Connect the tape drive to a disk RAID controller, as this is not supported.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Suggestions Ensure that the SCSI cable is of high quality and conforms to Ultra 2 SCSI specifications. A lesser quality cable or a cable that does not conform to the Ultra 2 SCSI specification may cause intermittent write/read errors, SCSI timeouts, and corrupted data.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Suggestions • If the Power LED is not illuminated, check the power connections to the tape drive Internal tape drive: 1 Power down the system and reseat the power connector on tape drive. 2 Power on the system and check the Power LED. 3 If the Power LED is not illuminated, replace the power connector attached to the tape drive with one from a known working device such as a CD-ROM. If the Power LED is illuminated, the problem was with the power connector.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Suggestions 6 If these suggestions do not help, the tape drive may be bad and Technical Support should be contacted. Desktop tape drive: 1 Power down system. 2 Power cycle desktop tape drive. 3 Be sure there are no SCSI ID conflict between the tape drive and other SCSI devices. 4 Be sure you are using a proper SCSI cable and proper termination. 5 Check the SCSI cable for bent pins. 6 Try to use SCSI cable from other SCSI controller bus chain if possible.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Suggestions You may see output similar to: (scsi0) found at PCI 0/16/0 You may also be able to use the command: cat /proc/scsi/scsi You may see output similar to: Host: scsi0 Channel: 0 Id:6 Lun:00 Vendor: CERTANCE Model: ULTRIUM2 Type: Sequential AccessANSI SCSI Revision 03 You can also use a text editor to view the messages in the file /var/log/ and look for tape drive entries.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Suggestions 7 If all the LEDs are off, except power, and a tape cannot be inserted into the tape drive, examine the tape and the inside of the tape drive. • Be sure there are no tape labels interfering with tape insertion. • Be sure tape labels are only on proper tape surfaces, and that labels are flat and not curled. • Ensure that tape drive opening is free of debris and tape labels. • Ensure that tape pin and tape are fully within the cartridge.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Suggestions You cannot eject the cartridge because the tape drive is in use. Wait until the operation is complete before ejecting the cartridge.” The backup software may still have the tape drive in prevent mode so that the cartridge cannot be ejected. Use the backup software commands to eject the tape. Note: In UNIX/Linux the above message may not appear, but the operating system may still prevent the tape drive from ejecting the tape--use mt offline.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Emergency Reset and Emergency Cartridge Eject Emergency Reset and Emergency Cartridge Eject 7 In the unlikely event the LTO-2 Half-Height Tape Drive stops communicating with the host computer, use the following procedure to reset the drive and eject a cartridge (if necessary).
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Problems During Backup/Restore Operations 1 The TapeAlert message or backup log shows, “The operation has stopped because an error has occurred while reading or writing data which the drive cannot correct.” A media error occurred during write or read operation on the tape drive. Review the troubleshooting procedures to ensure that the proper SCSI cabling and termination practices are being followed.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Problems During Backup/Restore Operations 7 If the backup fails, use the diagnostic software to perform a write/ read test of 4GB of data. The current data on the tape WILL BE OVERWRITTEN. ALL PREVIOUSLY WRITTEN DATA ON THE TAPE WILL BE DESTROYED. If the tape drive passes the diagnostic write/read test, perform backup again. If the tape drive fails the diagnostic, the drive may be bad. Contact Technical Support.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Problems During Backup/Restore Operations c Restart the operation. Or “The tape drive has a hardware fault”: a Turn the tape drive off and then on again. b Restart the operation. c If the problem persists, call the tape drive supplier helpline. Check the tape drive users manual for device specific instructions on turning the device power on and off.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Problems During Backup/Restore Operations This message means the tape drive does not recognize the cleaning tape as being of a valid type. You may have purchased a cleaning tape that is not supported by the tape drive. Purchase a supported cleaning tape. If the tape drive issues a message to backup software to instruct you to clean the tape drive, you may see the message: “The tape drive needs cleaning: 1. If the operation has stopped, eject the tape and clean the drive. 2.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guide Problems During Backup/Restore Operations The method of performing the backups can also be a factor in “slow” backups. Data sent to the tape drive over a network connection and delays in data transfer over a network connection can cause backups to slow down. 1 Perform write/read test with diagnostic software. This ensures a test of the connection between the tape drive and SCSI controller and removes the network data transfer and the backup software from the diagnosis.
Index Cautions, internal drives 6 A Checking SCSI termination desktop drives 17 AIX 4.
Index considerations 32 intelligent 33 data compression 31 Data integrity 29 G Guidelines, internal drives 6 error-correction code 29 servo-tracking faults 31 DEC/Compaq Unix settings 50 Desktop drives checking SCSI termination 17 H HP-UX 11.
Index L R Layout of track 27 Recording method 29 Linux settings 58 Registering tape drive 15, 18 Loading a cartridge 22 Regulatory compliance 45 Reliability 42 Reset, emergency 71 M Mean time between failures 43 S Method of recording 29 Mounting internal drive 11 SCO Open Server 5.0.
Index T W Tape drive Write-protecting a cartridge 22, 73 cleaning 24 registering 15, 18 Tape drive not recognized by operating system or application 67 Tape drive troubleshooting 68 Tape will not eject from drive 69 TapeAlert messages 73 Terminator power internal drives 10 Track layout 27 Troubleshooting 65 backup/restore problems 71 Computer boots but does not recognize tape drive 65 slow backups 75 tape drive not recognized by operating system or application 67 tape drives and cartridges 68 tape will
