Specifications

supported by the geographic information system (GIS) in the Yingwugou watershed; however, the
soil erosion intensity of the study area was classified. The results indicated that the annual soil
erosion modulus in the Yingwugou watershed was 3140 t/km2. This falls in the category of
moderate degree erosion. The area above high soil erosion intensity only accounted for 24.1%
but the soil erosion amount was 4573.0 t, which accounted for 84.8% of the annual soil erosion
amount. The high soil erosion area was mainly distributed in sloping cropland with big slopes,
which was the key management area. Soil erosion amounts under different land-use types
showed great differences. The annual soil erosion moduluses of forestland, grassland, and
cropland were 509.7, 1511.8, and 4606.5 t/km2, respectively. The annual soil erosion amount of
forestland and grassland was relatively small and the annual soil erosion amount of cropland
accounted for 95.3% of the total soil erosion amount in the study area. For each additional 5°
slope, the increased soil erosion modulus of different land uses was 1 to 2 times greater than that
of each additional 5m for slope length. The annual loss amount of total nitrogen, total
phosphorus, and organic matter in topsoil was 3.81, 3.52, and 101.45 t, respectively. The nutrient
loss of cropland was serious. The annual loss moduluses of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and
organic matter with sediment were 1.01, 0.75, and 38.43 t/(km2 • a), respectively. The study
could provide a scientific basis for the control of soil erosion and water loss, non-point source
pollution, and the construction of clean, small watersheds in the water source area.
Number of references: 31
Main heading: Soil conservation
Controlled terms: Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Ecology - Erosion -
Forestry - Geographic information systems - Land use - Landforms - Organic
compounds - River pollution - Sediment transport - Soil pollution control - Soils
- Water conservation - Water pollution control - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms: Ecological compensation - Non-point source pollution - Revised
universal soil loss equations - River watersheds - RUSLE - Soil and water conservation
- Soil nutrients - South-to-North water diversion project
Classification code: 481.1 Geology - 481.2 Geochemistry - 483 Soil Mechanics and
Foundations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 723.3 Database Systems - 804.1
Organic Compounds - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 461.2 Biological Materials and
Tissue Engineering - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 407 Maritime
and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 444 Water Resources - 444.1 Surface
Water - 453 Water Pollution - 453.2 Water Pollution Control - 454.3 Ecology and
Ecosystems
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.10.022
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
6.
Accession number: 20132516432807
Title: Controlling of hardness of cast iron joint by manual arc welding
Authors: Xu, Jinfeng1 ; Ren, Yongming1 ; Zhai, Qiuya1/徐锦锋;任永明;翟秋亚
Author affiliation: 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of
Technology, Xi'an 710048, China