Vanderbilt University Automated Home Control Senior Design Project: Semester Report Project Members: Nick Atkinson Matt Majeika Ungku Afiq Ungku Farid Project Sponsor: Terry Slattery, Netcordia 07
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Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5 System Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Intentions This Year .................................................................................................................................. 7 Operational Concept .
TZ16 from Residential Control Systems .................................................................................................. 40 RS‐485 to RS‐232 Converter.................................................................................................................... 41 HomePro RF RS‐232 Interface................................................................................................................. 42 Aprilaire 8870 Communicating Thermostat ..........................................
Introduction With increasing energy concerns, different methods of conservation have appeared. One of the fastest growing areas of energy conservation is that of home automation. By increasing control of various devices in a house, the energy they consume can be controlled and reduced. The purpose of this senior project is to design and implement a home automation system. This is a continued project from the previous 2006‐2007 academic year. Companies such as Home Automation, Inc.
System Overview Figure 1: System Overview The system which was designed by the previous team aimed at two specific objectives. The first objective was to integrate the entire smart home subsystems in a way such that it could be accessed and programmed from one interface. The second objective was to develop the control scheme for the system. The system was divided into three different subsystems. The first was the Insteon lighting and home appliance control. Next was the wireless network‐managed thermostat.
The home control server gave total control using a web based application to control the two subsystems from any internet connection. The user inputs the command from the web interface. The web interface then compiles the command and passed it to the abstract interface. The abstract interface acts as a link between the web interface and the hardware controller.
Operational Concept Our fully functional automation system will consist of four major subsystems that play a key part in home energy savings. Refer to the figure, below, for a visual representation of this system. Figure 1: System Overview At the heart of the system is the control server, which will contain all of the software for controlling the system’s functionality. The lighting control subsystem will communicate to the control server via the PowerLinc V2 module.
control logic was written by last year's team. Changes and additions will be made to the control logic as necessary. Control of Insteon Devices Ion is an open‐source library with a USB driver for the Insteon PowerLinc Controller V2 (PLC). Using Ion, the server can send commands to the PLC, which then transmits via the Insteon network. The server uses another program called IonBridge to poll the PLC with event handlers.
The diagram below shows an example an application of this subsystem: Flood Lights – Front Walkway RF Motion Detector – Front of House In-LineLinc 110 VAC USB Home Control Server 110 VAC PowerLinc Controller V2 ApplianceLinc Coffee Maker RF 110 VAC Flood Lights – Back Yard Motion Detector – Back of House In-LineLinc Figure 2: Insteon Control Example Notice that the PowerLinc Controller is directly connected to 5 different Insteon devices.
point, HVAC, and mode. The thermostat can run on stand‐alone manual mode, in which the user simply uses the keypad, or the server can control the thermostat with user‐defined scheduling. Water Heater Control Subsystem Last year’s team had allotted water heater control as a subsystem of this home automation project. Although we will not have the time or resources to complete this aspect of the project this year, it would certainly make a great addition in a future project.
signal send from the PLC to the Insteon nodes and were connected to power outlets. All the circuits were fed to a single plug designed for a standard home receptacle (110 VAC). User Interface The previous team designed the web interface in a simple and user friendly manner. The interface was designed so that the user can control each Insteon node or multiple nodes all at once as well as the thermostat.
Previous Design Last year's team designed a network‐managed thermostat and was able to communicate with it over the server, shown below: Figure 3: Network‐Managed Thermostat It exhibited keypad and network‐managed functionality by setting the proper pins high for HVAC control. However, this design was never tested with a real HVAC unit. For our project, we will further develop the existing design to testing and implementation. An LCD screen communicates to the Digi using RS232 protocol.
An RS232 is used to connect the Digi with the PIC 16F877. An I²C temperature sensor chip was soldered onto the PIC. The team used BoostC as the compiler and Sourceboost as the integrated development environment to program the PIC. The PIC provides an interface to an HVAC circuit. There is a design from last year for the HVAC interface, however we will revise it to make it compatible with Professor Dozier’s HVAC unit. The team integrated two types of inputs to the system.
TR16 and TZ16 from Residential Control Systems Inc. (RCS) The RCS TR16 thermostat consists of two parts, the wall display unit on the left and the HVAC control unit. The wall display unit has a simple user interface with set point up/down, mode, and fan buttons. The TR16 offers RS‐485 control using ASCII commands that are very well documented. This control logic is very similar to that of the custom‐designed thermostat from last year, making for possibly easier component integration.
Project Plan Task 1 Team formation 2 Research previous team's project Duration Start Finish 0 days 10/23/2007 10/23/2007 17 days 10/23/2007 11/14/2007 Predecessors 1 3 First sponsor meeting 1 day 10/30/2007 10/30/2007 1 4 Proposed project improvements to sponsor 1 day 11/15/2007 11/15/2007 2 5 Inventory of materials 1 day 11/15/2007 11/15/2007 2,3 6 Analysis and testing of Digi Dev.
Appendix A: Hardware Listing PIC16F877A Controller The PIC16F877A Development Kit is complete and ready‐to‐use with a fully‐integrated debugger. This is an ideal kit for those just getting started with C programming on a PIC® MCU. The development kit come equipped with a 3" x 1.75" prototyping board that has a PIC16F877A attached to a potentiometer, RS‐ 232 level converter, pushbutton, three LEDs, and an ICD connector.
Fairchild FM75 Temperature Sensor The FM75 contains a high‐precision CMOS temperature sensor, a Delta‐Sigma analog‐to‐digital converter and a SMBus‐compatible serial digital interface. Typical accuracy is ±2°C over the full temperature range of ‐40°C to 125°C and to ±1C over the range of 0°C to 100°C, with 9‐ to 12‐bit resolution (default is 9). Thermal alarm output, over‐limit signal (OS) supports interrupt and comparator modes. OS is active if the user‐programmable trip‐temperature is exceeded.
Absolute Maximum Ratings Electrical Characteristics Source: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/pf/FM/FM75.
Matrix Orbital LCD2041WB LCD Screen The LCD2041 is an intelligent LCD display designed to decrease development time by providing an instant solution to any project. With the ability to communicate via serial RS‐232/TTL and I2C protocols, the versatile LCD2041 can be used with virtually any controller. The ease of use is further enhanced by an intuitive command structure to allow display settings such as backlight brightness, contrast and baud rate to be software controlled.
Digi WiEM Module The Digi Connect Wi‐EM is a fully customizable and secure 802.11b wireless embedded module that provides integration flexibility in a variety of connection options. Built on leading NET+ARM 32‐bit NET+ARM technology, this board‐mount wireless embedded module is pin‐compatible with the wired Digi Connect EM®, and makes fully transparent 802.11b integration possible without the traditional complexities of hardware and software integration work.
Insteon PowerLinc Controller V2 The USB INSTEON (patent pending) PowerLinc Controller is a stand‐alone home automation interface for controlling lights, appliances, heating/air conditioning systems and alarm systems. This module has on‐ board memory so timers and macros can be downloaded without the need to leave your computer up and running. This home automation interface uses a computer's Universal Serial Bus (USB) connection for downloading timer and event macros.
Insteon LampLinc The INSTEON LampLinc Dimmer (3‐Pin) is a full‐ featured plug‐in lamp dimmer that can be remotely controlled by a ControLinc tabletop controller, KeypadLinc, or any other INSTEON controller.
Operating Conditions Indoors, 32 to 122°F, up to 85% relative humidity Dimensions 4.0" H x 2.5" W x 1.
Insteon ApplianceLinc The INSTEON ApplianceLinc (3‐Pin) is a full‐featured plug‐in on/off switch that can be remotely controlled by an INSTEON ControLinc Tabletop Controller, INSTEON KeypadLinc Dimmer, or any other INSTEON‐ compatible controller. This simple‐to‐use plug‐in on/off switch has advanced features like local control, so you can still use the appliance's built‐in switch to turn device on and off. The ApplianceLinc is made to plug into a 3‐pin outlet.
Supply Voltage 120 Volts AC +/- 10%, 60 Hertz, single phase Surge Protection MOV rated for 150 Volts Power Plug 3-pin grounded Pass-through Outlet 3-pin grounded Controlled Outlet 3-pin grounded Maximum Load 480 Watts Maximum Amps 15 Amps (for inductive loads) Certification Safety tested for use in USA and Canada (ETL #3017581) X10 Features X10 Primary Address 1 optional (comes unassigned) X10 Scene Addresses 255 possible X10 Status Request Supported X10 Powerline Frequency 121 KHz X10
Insteon SwitchLinc Dimmer The INSTEON SwitchLinc Dimmer has 32 brightness levels, which makes setting your lights to the perfect intensity very easy. This dimmer switch can control incandescent loads and allows the user to dim or brighten it manually by holding the paddle directly or add it to a whole home scene where all the lights turn off with the press of a single button. Specifications General Brand: Smarthome Manufacturer: SmartLabs Design Manufacturer Product No.
number of SwitchLinc Dimmers or other INSTEON Controllers Setup Memory Non-volatile EEPROM INSTEON Features INSTEON Addresses 1 hard-coded out of 16,777,216 possible INSTEON Links 417 out of 16,777,216 possible INSTEON Powerline Frequency 131.65 KHz INSTEON Minimum Transmit Level 3.
Supply Voltage 120 Volts AC +/- 10%, 60 Hertz, single phase Surge Protection MOV rated for 150 Volts Neutral Wire Required Power Wire Leads 6", 16 AWG, stranded, 600V, 105°C insulation, ends stripped and tinned, LINE (black), LOAD (red), NEUTRAL (white) Ground Lead 6", 18 AWG, stranded, bare copper Load Types Wired-in incandescent lighting devices Maximum Load 600 Watts Minimum Load No minimum load required Certification Safety tested for use in USA and Canada (ETL #3017581) X10 Features X
Insteon SignaLinc RF Signal Extender The INSTEON SignaLinc RF Signal Extender creates your dual‐band INSTEON network by simultaneously transmitting and receiving INSTEON messages across both radio frequency and your home's existing wiring. When used as a pair, the SignaLinc RFs also couple the two different electrical phases of your home. Each SignaLinc RF also repeats INSTEON messages, adding to the network's robust reliability. Specifications SmartLabs Design Product No.
Insteon KeypadLinc Dimmer The INSTEON KeypadLinc Dimmer is more than an in‐ wall controller and a 600‐watt local dimmer. You have your choice of using the installed 6‐button keypad or changing it to the included 8‐button version for a wealth of control options.
Combo Mode Message Order INSTEON, X10, INSTEON cleanup One KeypadLinc Dimmer controls load, Cross-Link any Multi-Way Circuit Support number of KeypadLinc Dimmers or other INSTEON Controllers Setup Memory Non-volatile EEPROM INSTEON Features INSTEON Addresses 1 hard-coded out of 16,777,216 possible INSTEON Links 417 out of 16,777,216 possible INSTEON Powerline Frequency 131.65 KHz INSTEON Minimum Transmit Level 3.
X10 Features X10 Primary Address 1 optional (comes unassigned) X10 Scene Addresses 255 possible X10 Status Response Supported X10 Resume Dim Supported (by setting Local On-Level to zero) X10 Powerline Frequency 121 KHz X10 Minimum Transmit Level 3.2 Vpp into 5 Ohms X10 Minimum Receive Level 20 mVpp nominal X10 Messages Repeated No Source: http://www.smarthome.com/2486d.
Insteon InLineLinc Relay The In‐LineLinc Relay allows you to include fluorescent or non‐dimmable lights, fans, and other appliances in your INSTEON network. The Non‐Dimming INSTEON In‐LineLinc Relay is made to run silently no matter what kind of device you connect to it. The In‐LineLinc Relay functions only as an on/off switch.
Operating Conditions Indoors, 0 to 104°F, up to 85% relative humidity Dimensions 3.75" H x 1.8" W x 1.2" D (2.75" H without screw tabs) Weight 3.
OmnistatZ from Home Automation Inc. (HAI) • HVAC configuration: • RC‐80BZ for single stage heat, single stage cool (gas/elec.) • RC‐122BZ for two stage heat, two stage cool (gas/elec.) • RC‐100BZ for two stage heat, one stage cool (heat pump) • RC‐112BZ for three stage heat, two stage cool (heat pump) • Large "cool blue" LCD backlight that displays time, temperature and mode.
• • • • • • Data signal is electrically isolated from heating and cooling system for superior reliability in all modes. Fully interactive with all HAI manufactured controllers, including mode, heat setting, cool setting, fan and hold settings. (Serial Mode 1) Can communicate directly with the RS‐232 port of a personal computer ‐ no adapter required. Serial mode protocol: addressable up to 127 units, bi‐directional, 1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit NRZ. 300 baud data rate.
Leviton Vizia RF to RS232 Serial Bridge • • • • • • • • • • • Provides RJ11 connector for RS232 or HAI® cable connection Rated 120VAC 60Hz Two‐way communication between related controller(s) and module for changes initiated locally Protected memory maintains ON/OFF status of connected loads and device ID programming during minor power fluctuations Green Locator LED Transient surge protection to IEC Level 4 ESD protection to IEC 1000 4‐2 Level 4 to protect against damage and memory loss due to static discha
TR16 from Residential Control Systems • • • • • • • • • Separate Heat and Cool Setpoints Up to 3 Stage Heat, 2 Stage Cool Remote control of all functions via RS‐485 remote interfaces Two part design Backlit LCD Wall Display Unit For standard gas/electric or heat pump HVAC systems Replaces existing 4 or more wire thermostats without the need for additional wiring Optional Remote Temperature Sensor HVAC Systems Compatibility o Works with standard Gas/Electric or Heat Pump HVAC mechanical Systems o 2‐stage H
TZ16 from Residential Control Systems • • • • • • • • • • • Separate Heat and Cool Setpoints Up to 3 Stage Heat, 2 Stage Cool Remote control of most functions via Zwave Two part design Backlit LCD Wall Display Unit For standard gas/electric or heat pump HVAC systems Replaces existing 4 or more wire thermostats without the need for additional wiring Optional Remote Temperature Sensor Power: 24VAC supplied from HVAC system Supports the ZWave thermostat device class Price: $270 Basically the same as the TR16
RS485 to RS232 Converter • • • • • • • Wide temperature ranges (‐40 to 80° C) Modbus ASCII or RTU compatible Automatic Send Data Control DIN rail mount Extend distance up to 4,000 feet Addressing up to 32 nodes Price: $80 Source: http://www.bb‐ elec.com/product_family.
HomePro RF RS232 Interface The HomePro interface allows a PC to communicate to Z‐Wave devices using the RS‐232 serial port. Specifications HomePro Product No.: ZCS000 Dimensions: 5.505" W x 4.005" D x 1.375" H Weight: 8 oz. (approx.) User Interface: Computer and appropriate software Power: External 120 VAC to 9 VAC power adapter with 2.1mm power plug Signal Frequency: 908.
Aprilaire 8870 Communicating Thermostat • • • • • Compatible with virtually all major home control systems Message center allows you to receive messages from your home control system Easy‐to‐read, backlit displays Powered by thermostat wiring line current, no batteries required Price: $244 Specifications Manufacturer: Aprilaire Manufacturer Product No.: 8870 UPC: 686720887000 Dimensions: 5.01" H x 5.52" W x 1.
Aprilaire 8818 Distribution Panel Provides power to multiple Aprilaire 8870 comm. thermostat. Price: $100 Source: http://www.smarthome.com/3047d.html Aprilaire 8811 Converts the Aprilaire 8870's RS‐485 signal to RS‐232 for PC. Price: $110 Source: http://www.smarthomeusa.
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Appendix B: Expanded Project Schedule ‐46‐
ID Task Name 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Team formation Research previous team's project First sponsor meeting Proposed project improvements to sponsor Inventory of materials Analysis and testing of Digi Dev.
7 T W 10/23 T F Project: ProjectPlan Date: Fri 12/14/07 S Oct 28, '07 S M T W T F S Nov 4, '07 S M T W T F S Nov 11, '07 S M T Task Project Summary Split External Tasks Progress External Milestone Milestone Deadline Summary Page 2 W T F S Nov 18, '07 S M T W T
F S Nov 25, '07 S M T Project: ProjectPlan Date: Fri 12/14/07 W T F S Dec 2, '07 S M T W T F S Dec 9, '07 S M T W T F Task Project Summary Split External Tasks Progress External Milestone Milestone Deadline Summary Page 3 S Dec 16, '07 S M T W T F S Dec S
23, '07 M T W T F S Dec 30, '07 S M T W T F S Jan 6, '08 S M T W T F S Jan 13, '08 S M T 1/4 Project: ProjectPlan Date: Fri 12/14/07 Task Project Summary Split External Tasks Progress External Milestone Milestone Deadline Summary Page 4 W T F S Jan 20, '08 S M T W
T F S Jan 27, '08 S M T W T F S Feb 3, '08 S M T W T F S Feb 10, '08 S M T W T 2/1 Project: ProjectPlan Date: Fri 12/14/07 Task Project Summary Split External Tasks Progress External Milestone Milestone Deadline Summary Page 5 F S Feb 17, '08 S M T W T F S
Feb 24, '08 S M T W Project: ProjectPlan Date: Fri 12/14/07 T F S Mar 2, '08 S M T W T F S Mar 9, '08 S M T W T F S Mar 16, '08 S M T Task Project Summary Split External Tasks Progress External Milestone Milestone Deadline Summary Page 6 W T F S Mar 23, '08 S M T
W T F S Mar 30, '08 S M T W T F S Apr 6, '08 S M T W T F S Apr 13, '08 S M T W T F S Apr 20, '08 S M T W 4/22 Project: ProjectPlan Date: Fri 12/14/07 Task Project Summary Split External Tasks Progress External Milestone Milestone Deadline Summary Page 7 T F
