CMV6586DX133, CMV6486DX100HR, and CMV6486DX66HR cpuModuleTM User’s Manual BIOS Versions 4.7x (Real Time Devices) www.rtdusa.com ISO9001 and AS9100 Certified BDM-610000002 Rev.
CMV6586DX133, CMV6486DX100HR, and CMV6486DX66HR cpuModuleTM User’s Manual RTD Embedded Technologies, INC. 103 Innovation Blvd. State College, PA 16803-0906 Phone: +1-814-234-8087 FAX: +1-814-234-5218 E-mail sales@rtd.com techsupport@rtd.com web site http://www.rtd.
Revision History Rev. A) New manual naming method Published by: RTD Embedded Technologies, Inc. 103 Innovation Blvd. State College, PA 16803-0906 Copyright 1999, 2002, 2003 by RTD Embedded Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. The RTD Logo is a registered trademark of RTD Embedded Technologies. cpuModule and utilityModule are trademarks of RTD Embedded Technologies. PhoenixPICO and PheonixPICO BIOS are trademarks of Phoenix Technologies Ltd.
Chapter 1: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 The CMV6x86DX cpuModules ........................................................8 Specifications ....................................................................................10 Chapter 2: Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Basic Connector Locations ...............................................................14 Cable Kits ...................................
Chapter 6: Hardware Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Jumpers .............................................................................................100 Solder Jumpers ..................................................................................104 Mechanical Dimensions ....................................................................105 486DX100/66 Processor Thermal Management ..............................106 5x86DX133 Processor Thermal Management ...........
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION This manual is meant for users developing with the CMV6586DX133, CMV6486DX100HR, or CMV6486DX66HR cpuModules. It contains information on hardware and software of the cpuModule. The manual is organized as follows: Chapter 1: Introduction Introduces main features and specifications. Chapter 2: Getting Started Provides abbreviated instructions to get started. Chapter 3: Connecting the cpuModule Provides information on connecting the cpuModule to peripherals.
The CMV6x86DX cpuModules The PC/104 cpuModules described in this manual are designed for industrial applications which require: • software and hardware compatibility with the PC/AT world • high-speed "number-crunching" operation • low power consumption • small physical dimensions • high reliability • good noise immunity This cpuModule is highly integrated, combining all major functions of a PC/AT computer on one compact board.
A PC compatible BIOS is also implemented in the cpuModule. This BIOS supports ROM-DOS and MS-DOS operating systems. Drivers in the BIOS allow booting from floppy disk, hard disk, Solid State Disk, Fail Safe Boot Rom, or DiskOnChip. The system can be used with traditional disk drives or non-mechanical drives.
Specifications CMV6586DX133 • • • • • AMD Am5x86 microprocessor 133 MHz clock speed On-board 3.3 V processor supply 16 KB on-chip cache memory Math coprocessor CMV6486DX100HR • • • • • • AMD Am486 microprocessor 100 MHz clock speed Extended temperature processor On-board 3.3 V processor supply 16 KB on-chip cache memory Math coprocessor CMV6486DX66HR • • • • • • AMD Am486 microprocessor 66 MHz clock speed Extended temperature processor On-board 3.
BIOS Extension: Device DiskOnChip 2000 MCSI PromDisk Full Read/Write Access yes yes Maximum Number per cpuModule 2 2 Sizes 2MB - 1GB * 4 - 32MB * (*) Larger devices may be available in the future. Peripherals • • • • • • Two serial ports software configurable for RS232/422/485; baud rates from 50 to 115.
The table below lists power consumption for typical configurations and clock speeds: Typical Power Consumption Module Consumption RAM SSD Coprocessor CMV6586DX133 133MHz 1.34A (6.7W) 32MB None Internal CMV6486DX100HR 100MHz 1.12A (5.6W) 32MB None Internal CMV6486DX66HR 67MHz 0.90A (4.5W) 32MB None Internal For information on changing clock speeds, see Processor Clock Control on page 79.
CHAPTER 2: GETTING STARTED For many users, the factory configuration of the cpuModule can be used to get a PC/104 system operational. If you are one of these users, you can get your system up and running quickly by following a few simple steps described in this chapter. Briefly, these steps are: • Connect power. • Connect the utility cable. • Connect a keyboard. • Connect the PC/104 bus to a video card. • Booting the cpuModule for the First Time.
Basic Connector Locations The figure and table below show the connectors used in this chapter.
For a complete listing of connectors, please refer to I/O Connections on page 28. NOTE! Pin 1 of each connector is indicated by a square solder pad on the bottom of the PC board and a white box silkscreened on the top of the board.
Cable Kits For maximum flexibility, cables are not provided with the cpuModule. You may wish to purchase our cable kit for the cpuModule.
Connecting Power WARNING! If you improperly connect power, the module will almost certainly be damaged or destroyed. Such damage is not warranted! Please verify connections to the module before applying power. Power is normally supplied to the cpuModule through the PC/104 bus, connectors CN1 and CN2 . If you are placing the cpuModule onto a PC/104 stack that has a power supply, you do not need to make additional connections to supply power.
Connecting the utility cable The Multifunction connector, CN5, implements the following interfaces: • AT keyboard • Speaker output • System reset input • Battery input • Vpp to program 12V Flash SSD devices To use these interfaces, you must connect to the Multifunction connector, making sure the orientation of pin 1 is correct.
Connecting a Keyboard You may plug a PC/AT compatible keyboard directly into the circular DIN connector of the Multifunction cable in our cable kit. Some newer keyboards may use a smaller "mini-DIN" connector; you will need an adapter to plug these keyboards into the cpuModule. NOTE! Many keyboards are switchable between PC/XT and AT operating modes, with the mode usually selected by a switch on the back or bottom of the keyboard. For correct operation with this cpuModule, you must select AT mode.
Connecting to the PC/104 Bus Since this cpuModule does not include a video display controller, you will probably wish to stack the cpuModule with another card to add video. For example, you may add the CM112 utilityModule, which adds a VGA display controller with flat-panel support and a floppy and IDE hard drive controller, all on one PC/104 module. The PC/104 bus connectors of the cpuModule are simply plugged onto a PC/104 stack to connect to other devices.
Booting the cpuModule for the First Time You can now apply power to the cpuModule. Depending on the VGA card you are using, you may see a greeting message from the VGA BIOS.
Default Configuration Jumper JP5 is used to ensure that you can always get into setup, even if you disable the keyboard and display. The jumper should not be installed for normal operation. When JP5 is installed it forces the cpuModule to ignore all user setup information and boot with the default values outlined in the following table.
Booting to Boot Block Flash with Fail Safe Boot ROM The Fail Safe Boot ROM is a special build of ROM-DOS located inside a surface mounted Boot Block Flash chip that is memory mapped to the SSD window. Boot Block Flash is a write protected flash device that contains the BIOS and extra room where the Fail Safe Boot ROM is stored. The build is special because it can understand the ROM DISK format on the flash chip. Additionally, Fail Safe Boot ROM is an emergency interface accessible by an external computer.
If You Misconfigure the cpuModule It is possible you may incorrectly configure the cpuModule using Setup. If this happens, you have several choices: If video and keyboard are enabled: • Re-boot the cpuModule. • Immediately press and hold down the {Delete} key until the cpuModule enters Setup. If video or keyboard are disabled: • Insert jumper JP5. This will force the cpuModule to boot using the default configuration, which enables video and keyboard. • Boot the cpuModule.
For More Information This chapter has been intended to get the typical user up and running quickly. If you need more details, please refer to the following chapters for more information on configuring and using the cpuModule.
CHAPTER 3: CONNECTING THE CPUMODULE This chapter contains information necessary to use all connectors of the cpuModule.
I/O Connections 28
Connector Locations The figure and table below show all connectors and the SSD sockets of the cpuModule.
Auxiliary Power, CN3 WARNING! If you improperly connect power, the module will almost certainly be destroyed. Please verify power connections to the module before applying power. The power supply can be conveyed to the module either through the PC/104 bus (J6 and J7) or through the Auxiliary Power connector, CN3.
First Serial Port, CN7 The first serial port is implemented on connector CN7. It is normally configured as a PC compatible full-duplex RS232 port, but you may use the Setup program to re-configure is as half- or full-duplex RS422 or RS485. The I/O address and corresponding interrupt must also be selected using Setup.
RS422 or RS485 Serial Port You may use Setup to configure the first serial port as RS422 or RS485. In this case, you must connect CN7 to an RS422 or RS485 compatible device. When using RS422 or RS485 mode, you can use the port in either half-duplex (two-wire) or fullduplex (four-wire) configurations. For half-duplex (2-wire) operation, you must connect RXD+ to TXD+, and connect RXD- to TXD-. A 120 ohm termination resistors is provided on the cpuModule.
• If MCR bit 1 = 1, then RTS* = 0, and serial transmitters are disabled • If MCR bit 1 = 0, then RTS* = 1, and serial transmitters are enabled For more information on the serial port registers, including the MCR, please refer to a standard PCAT hardware reference for the 16550-type UART.
Second Serial Port, CN8 The second serial port is implemented on connector CN8. It is normally configured as a PC compatible full-duplex RS232 port, but you may use the Setup program to re-configure is as half- or fullduplex RS422 or RS485. The I/O address and corresponding interrupt must also be selected using Setup.
RS422 or RS485 Serial Port You may use Setup to configure the second serial port as RS422 or RS485. In this case, you must connect CN8 to an RS422 or RS485 compatible device. When using RS422 or RS485 mode, you can use the port in either half-duplex (two-wire) or fullduplex (four-wire) configurations. For half-duplex (2-wire) operation, you must connect RXD+ to TXD+, and connect RXD- to TXD-.. A 120 ohm termination resistors is provided on the cpuModule.
• If MCR bit 1 = 1, then RTS* = 0, and serial transmitters are disabled • If MCR bit 1 = 0, then RTS* = 1, and serial transmitters are enabled For more information on the serial port registers, including the MCR, please refer to a standard PCAT hardware reference for the 16550-type UART.
Parallel Port, CN6 The parallel port is available on connector CN6. You can use Setup to select its address, associated interrupt, and choose between its operational modes ( bidirectional and ECP). The pinout of the connector allows a ribbon cable to directly connect it to a DB25 connector, thus providing a standard PC compatible port. The following tables lists the parallel port signals and explains how to connect it to a DB25 connector to obtain a PC compatible port.
21 BSY Busy in 11 22 GND Signal ground -- 24 23 PE Paper End in 12 24 GND Signal ground -- 25 25 SLCT Ready To Receive in 13 26 GND Signal ground -- 26
Multifunction Connector, CN5 The Multifunction connector on CN5 implements the following functions: • Speaker output • AT keyboard • System reset input • Watchdog Timer output • Battery Input • Programming voltage input The following table gives the pinout of the Multifunction connector.
To ensure correct operation, check that the keyboard is either an AT compatible keyboard or a switchable XT/AT keyboard set to AT mode. Switchable keyboards are usually set by a switch on the back or bottom of the keyboard. Pin 5 6 7 8 Keyboard Connector Signal Function KBD KBC GND KBP Keyboard Data Keyboard Clock Ground Keyboard Power DIN 2 1 4 5 System Reset Pin 3 of the multifunction connector allows connection of an external push-button to manually reset the system.
PC/104 Bus, CN1 and CN2 Connectors CN1 and CN2 carry signals of the PC/104 bus; these signals match definitions of the IEEE P996 standard. The following tables list the pinouts of the PC/104 bus connectors. The following table lists the signals of the XT portion of the PC/104 bus. Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 PC/104 XT Bus Connector, CN1 Row A N.C.
The following table lists signals of the AT portion of the PC/104 bus.
PC/104 Bus Signals The following table contains brief descriptions of the PC/104 bus signals. Signal I/O Description AEN O Address ENable: when this line is active (high), it means a DMA transfer is being performed and therefore the DMA controller has control over the data bus, the address bus, and the control lines. BALE O Bus Address Latch Enable, active high. When active, it indicates that address lines SA0 to SA19 are valid.
MASTER* I During a DMA cycle, this active-low signal, indicates that a resource on the bus is about to drive the data and address lines. MEMCS16* I Memory Chip Select 16-bit: this line, active low, is controlled by devices mapped in the memory address space and indicates they have a 16-bit bus width. MEMR* I/O This active-low signal indicates a memory read operation. Devices using this signal must decode the address on lines LA23..LA17 and SA19..SA0.
PC/104 Bus Termination Termination of PC/104 bus signals is not recommended and may cause malfunctions of the cpuModule. If termination must be applied, it should be a series termination of a resistor and capacitor, not exceeding 40-60 ohms and 30-70 pF, between each signal and ground.
CHAPTER 4: CONFIGURING THE CPUMODULE This chapter contains information to configure the cpuModule.
Configuring Hardware 48
Jumpers Many cpuModule options are configured by positioning jumpers. Jumpers are labeled on the board as “JP” followed by a number. Some jumpers are three pins, allowing three settings: • • • pins 1 and 2 connected (indicated as "1-2") pins 2 and 3 connected (indicated as "2-3") no pins connected.
Installing SSD Memory This section explains how to add devices to the cpuModule. This procedure is only necessary when you wish to add or change: • Solid State Disk memory devices Installing SSD Memory You may wish to install SSD memory to use the cpuModule as a "diskless" stand-alone device. Refer to Ways to Use the Solid State Disk Sockets on page 81 for more information on various SSD device types. Solid State Disk memories are placed in sockets U1 and U2.
The following table lists possible configurations for the first socket of the SSD and the corresponding jumpers which must be set: Jumpers for First SSD Socket U1 Type Part Operation Capacity JP1 JP7 Atmel 5V Flash 29C010A 29C040A DiskOnChip and PromDisk read/write read/write read/write 128KB 512KB to 288MB+ 1-2 1-2 3-4 1-2 1-2 1-2 DS1645Y DS1650Y 128KB read/write read/write read/write 128KB 512KB 128KB 512KB read/write 512KB 28F010 read-only 128KB 28F020 read-only 256KB 29F010 rea
The following table lists possible configurations for the second socket of the SSD and the corresponding jumpers which must be set: Jumpers for Second SSD Socket, U2 Type Part Operation Capacity JP2 JP8 Atmel 5V Flash 29C010A 29C040A DiskOnChip and PromDisk read/write read/write read/write 128KB 512KB to 288MB+ 1-2 1-2 3-4 1-2 1-2 1-2 DS1645Y DS1650Y 128KB read/write read/write read/write 128KB 512KB 128KB 512KB read/write 512KB 28F010 read-only 128KB 28F020 read-only 256KB 29F010
Configuring with the BIOS Setup program The cpuModule Setup program allows you to customize the cpuModule's configuration. Selections made in Setup are stored on the board and read by the BIOS at power-on. Setup for this cpuModule is called CMV6SETA. It is in three places: • In the board's BIOS ROM, activated by the {Delete} key during boot • In the Utility SSD provided in the first SSD socket • On the utility disk supplied with the cpuModule. The following section explains how to start Setup.
Field Selection You move between fields in Setup using the keys listed below. Setup Keys Key Function Ð selects next field Ï selects previous field {TAB} selects next field on the right or first field of next line Î selects next value in field Í selects former value in field {ESC} returns to main menu Standard Setup Fields The following is an alphabetical list of Standard Setup fields. Standard Setup Fields Field Boot Device Active keys ÍÎ Selections Selects the primary boot device.
Hard disk 2 type ÍÎ {0..9} {↵} Hard disk 2 table Selects the second hard disk type. Selections are: • Not Installed • Standard: (drives under 1024 Cylinders) • When using Standard, manually enter parameters under Hard Disk 2 Table. LBA parameters will be calculated automatically. Floppy Disk 1 ÍÎ Selects the format of floppy disk 1: Selections are: • 360KB • 720KB • 1.2MB • 1.
Keyboard ÍÎ Selects the keyboard mode. Selections are: • Disabled • ATkey: AT keyboard present • Serial (Used in Virtual Devices mode) Memory Size ÍÎ Selects the size of installed dynamic RAM (DRAM). Selections are • 16M Byte • 32M Byte Selecting an incorrect value may cause malfunctions. Parallel Port ÍÎ Selects parallel port address and mode. Selections are: • SPP/BPP at 378h (default) • SPP/BPP at 278h • ECP at 378h • ECP at 278h • Disabled Time {0...
Advanced Setup Fields Field SSD Device in U1 Active keys ÍÎ Selections Selects the device type installed in the first SSD socket. • • SSD Device in U2 ÍÎ Selects the device type installed in the second SSD socket. • • SSD Window ÍÎ The setting here must match the actual device installed in the socket. Jumpers JP1 and JP7 must be set correctly. The setting here must match the actual device installed in the socket. Jumpers JP2 and JP8 must be set correctly.
IRQ7 Source ÍÎ Determines source for IRQ7 interrupt. • Disabled • LPT (default) • Serial CN8 If set to disabled, IRQ7 may be an input from the PC/104 bus. Shadow C000hC7FFh ÍÎ Enables shadowing of the BIOS and memory. Selections are: • Enabled: address range is copied (shadowed) to RAM. • Disabled: address range remains mapped on the bus. Shadow C800CFFFH Shadow D000DFFFh Segment E000h Map In DOS systems, addresses between A0000H and FFFFFH are usually reserved for devices mapped on the bus.
Video Error ÍÎ Defines reaction to video initialization errors: ON: prints error warning OFF: continue without warning Keyboard Error ÍÎ Defines reaction to keyboard initialization errors. ON: prints error warning OFF: continue without warning Floppy Error ÍÎ Defines reaction to floppy drive errors. ON: prints error warning OFF: continue without warning Hard Disk Error ÍÎ Defines reaction to hard disk errors.
Save Changes and Exit If you select this menu item, your changes are stored on the cpuModule. If you were running Setup from the BIOS ROM, the cpuModule automatically reboots. Changes will become effective the next time the cpuModule boots, as long as jumper JP5 is removed. Exit Without Saving Changes If you select this menu item, your changes are not stored on the cpuModule. If you were running Setup from the BIOS ROM, the cpuModule automatically reboots.
CHAPTER 5: USING THE CPUMODULE This chapter provides information for users who wish to develop their own applications programs for the cpuModule.
Memory Map The module addresses memory using 24 address lines. This allows a maximum of 224 locations, or 16 Megabytes of memory. The table below shows how memory in the first megabyte is allocated in the system. First Megabyte Memory Map FFFFFHF0000H BIOS in Flash EPROM EFFFFHE0000H User memory space which is normally free. The Advanced Setup screen allows this segment to be mapped into the BIOS ROM or onto the PC/104 bus. The BIOS ROM contains Setup in this location. DFFFFHC0000H User memory space.
Input/Output Address Map As with all standard PC/104 boards, the Input/Output (I/O) space is addressed by 10 address lines (SA0-SA9). This allows 210 or 1024 distinct I/O addresses. Any add-on modules you install must therefore use I/O addresses in the range 0-1024 (decimal) or 000-FFF (hex). If you add any PC/104 modules or other peripherals to the system you must ensure they do not use reserved addresses listed below, or malfunctions will occur.
1 If the floppy and/or hard drive controllers are disabled, the I/O addresses listed will not be occupied. 2 Only one of the I/O addresses shown for a Serial port is active at any time. You can use Setup to select which one is active or to disable it entirely. 3 Only one of the I/O addresses shown for the Parallel printer port is active at any time. You can use Setup to select which one is active or to disable it entirely.
Hardware Interrupts If you add any PC/104 modules or other peripherals to the system you must ensure they do not use interrupts needed by the cpuModule, or malfunctions will occur The cpuModule supports the standard PC interrupts listed below. Interrupts not in use by hardware on the cpuModule itself are listed as 'available'.
The BIOS The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is software that interfaces hardware-specific features of the cpuModule to an operating system (OS). Physically, the BIOS software is stored in a Flash EPROM on the cpuModule. Functions of the BIOS are divided into two parts: The first part of the BIOS is known as POST (Power-On Self-Test) software, and it is active from the time power is applied until an OS boots (begins execution).
Power On Self Tests (POSTs) When you turn on system power, the BIOS performs a series of tests and initializations. Each test or initialization step is identified by a numeric "POST" code written to I/O address 378H. These codes can be displayed using a commercially available "POST code display board". The following table lists the POST codes expressed in hexadecimal, with their corresponding meanings.
Errors While Booting If an error occurs while the system is booting and performing the Power On Self Tests, the system will respond in one of several ways. Its response depends on what type of error occurred and on certain selections made in Setup. Any error encountered in POST 1 through 7 causes the module to halt. Errors encountered after POST 7 are dealt with according to settings made in Setup: • With an error set to OFF in the Setup, a message is displayed on the screen and the speaker beeps.
Default Configuration In addition to the Setup configuration stored on the board, the cpuModule has a permanent default configuration. The system will resort to using this default configuration in two situations: • An error occurs when accessing the EEPROM which holds the Setup on the module. • You force use of the default configuration, as explained in the following section. The default configuration is listed below.
Bypassing the Stored Configuration Under certain circumstances, you may want to bypass the configuration stored on the board. To do this: • Insert jumper JP5. This will force the cpuModule to boot using the default configuration. • Press the {Delete} key to enter Setup. You can then reconfigure the cpuModule correctly using Setup. See Storing Applications On-board on page 80 for the locations and functions of jumpers.
BIOS Routines for Hardware Control The cpuModule BIOS provides several routines which you may find useful to control hardware in your application programs. Because they control hardware which is specific to this cpuModule, these routines are also specific to this cpuModule. Routines are provided for: • EEPROM Control • Watchdog Timer Control The following sections describe these functions in detail.
EEPROM Control The cpuModule is equipped with an EEPROM, or "Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory". This part is primarily used to store the configuration from the Setup program. You can also use this part for non-volatile storage of a small amount of data. Its contents are retained even with system power off and no backup battery connected. The EEPROM consists of 1024 bits organized as 64 words of sixteen bits each. Thirty-two words are used by the BIOS to store Setup information.
INPUTS: AH = 3 AL = word address (20H-3FH accepted) CX = number of words to read DS:SI = pointer to the buffer where the read values are stored RETURNS: AH = error code; if AH<>0, then AL = number of locations written Function 4 EEPROM verify.
An example BASIC program illustrating EEPROM access is in the file CMV_EE.BAS on the cpuModule utility disk.
Watchdog Timer Control The cpuModule includes a Watchdog Timer, which provides protection against programs "hanging", or getting stuck in an execution loop where they cannot respond correctly. When enabled, the Watchdog Timer must be periodically reset by your application program. If it is not reset before the timeout period of 1.2 seconds expires, it will cause a reset of the cpuModule. Three functions have been implemented on the cpuModule for Watchdog Timer control.
Direct Hardware Control Some of the cpuModule hardware is controlled directly without using BIOS routines. These include: • Real Time Clock Control • Parallel Port Control The following sections describe use of these features.
Real Time Clock Control The cpuModule is equipped with a Real Time Clock (RTC) which provides system date and time functions, and also provides 64 non-volatile memory locations. The contents of these memory locations are retained whenever an external backup battery is connected, whether or not system power is connected. These locations are RAM, and do not wear out as the EEPROM locations do. You may access the RTC date, time, and memory using an index and data register at I/O addresses 70h and 71h.
Parallel Port Control The parallel port may be operated in SPP (output-only), ECP (extended capabilities), and bidirectional modes. The mode may be selected in Setup, or by application software. An example BASIC program illustrating control and access to the parallel port is in file CMx_PAR.BAS on the utility disk.
Processor Clock Control The processor clock can be programmed in the setup program. Further, the processor clock may be changed by a solder jumper on the back of the board. For 586DX133 boards, the switch is between clock-quadrupled and clock-tripled operation. For 486DX100 boards, the switch is between clocktripled and clock-doubled operation. Please contact the factory for further information on implementing this change.
Storing Applications On-board The cpuModule was designed to be used in embedded computing applications. In these applications, magnetic media like hard disks and floppy disks are not very desirable. It is better to eliminate magnetic storage devices and place your operating system and application software into the cpuModule's Solid State Disk (SSD). The following section describes two distinctly different ways you may use the Solid State Disk sockets of the cpuModule.
Ways to Use the Solid State Disk Sockets There are two ways you may utilize the Solid State Disk sockets of the cpuModule. • Using devices which install as BIOS Extensions • Using Conventional SSD Memory BIOS Extension Devices such as Disk On Chip and PromDisk provide a relatively large amount of read/write disk space in one socket of the cpuModule. These devices generally appear similar to a conventional hard disk to DOS, allowing you to copy, delete, and rename files without using any special utilities.
BIOS Extension Devices You can use BIOS Extension Devices like M-Systems DiskOnChip and MCSI PromDisk to implement a Solid State Disk which can be read and written using normal disk commands.
• Save your changes and exit Setup. • Turn off the cpuModule. • Set jumpers JP1 and JP7 or JP2 and JP8 to appropriate settings. Please see SSD Jumpers on page 102. • Install the BIOS Extension Device into the correct socket. • Reboot the cpuModule. The BIOS Extension Device should appear as the next available hard drive in your system. If there is no other hard drive installed, it will appear as drive C:. • Format the new drive using the DOS format command.
Conventional Solid State Disk You can use numerous memory types to implement a Conventional Solid State Disk. Depending on the devices used, you may implement read/write, read-only, or write-once-read-many type drives.
• Set jumpers JP1 and JP7 or JP2 and JP8 to the appropriate settings. Please see SSD Jumpers on page 102. • Install the memory devices into the correct socket. • Reboot the cpuModule. The SSD should appear as the next available drive in your system. • Format the SSD using the DOS format command. NOTE! If you wish to make the SSD bootable, you must format it using the /s switch of the format command. Refer to your DOS manual for more information on format.
• On the cpuModule or another computer, format a floppy disk and copy onto it the files you wish to copy to the SSD. If you wish to boot from the SSD, you must format with the '/s' switch to copy system files. See your DOS manual for details of the format command. NOTE! Start with a blank, newly-formatted disk each time you transfer files. You must copy files to the disk only one time, and must not delete, re-copy, or rename files on the floppy disk.
If you wish to make the SSD bootable, you must format it using the /s switch of the format command. Refer to your DOS manual for more information on the format command. If you wish to boot from the SSD, run Setup again and set the boot device to SSD. Notes on Formatting an SRAM or NOVRAM SSD For most purposes, you can format the SRAM or NOVRAM SSD as you would a 1.
• Use the EPROMx.BIN file created to program EPROMs with an appropriate EPROM programmer. • With the cpuModule off, set jumpers JP1 and JP7 or JP2 and JP8 to the appropriate settings for the EPROM you are using. Please see SSD Jumpers on page 102. • Boot the cpuModule. After booting, the Solid State Disk will be seen by the system as a write-protected floppy. DOS commands normally used to read floppy disks will work with the SSD.
Using Virtual Devices The cpuModule is designed for use in industrial environments as a stand-alone module, without external peripherals. Nevertheless, it may be necessary to interface a cpuModule with I/O devices like a keyboard, monitor, or floppy or hard drive, especially for set-up or maintenance. The cpuModule is therefore provided with “Virtual Devices”, which allows you to access a keyboard, monitor, and floppy disks without directly connecting them to the PC/104 bus of the module.
Initiating Virtual Devices from Setup If the cpuModule is operational, Virtual Device mode can be accessed from Setup. This method has the advantage that you can individually select devices for use in Virtual Devices mode. To use this method, run Setup on the cpuModule and select the Virtual Devices you wish to use. The settings for floppy drive A:, keyboard, and video state, and hard disk C: can each be set to "serial".
Initiating Virtual Devices by Jumpering Serial Port Pins Virtual Device mode can also be initiated by shorting two pins on the first or second serial port connector of the cpuModule. This method has a slight disadvantage in that the keyboard, video, and floppy and hard drives are all redirected to the serial port. To use this method, you must short (connect) two pins on the first serial port connector. The exact procedure is: • Turn off power to the cpuModule system.
Disconnecting the Host Computer To disconnect the host computer, press the {Prt Scrn} key at any time. The host computer will recover its peripherals and returns to normal operation. To re-connect the cpuModule to the host, re-run SERRX.EXE on the host and wait for the message: Waiting ..... and then press the {Return} or {Enter} key.
Notes when Using Virtual Device Mode You will find it useful to remember the following points when using Virtual Devices: Large data transfers (file accesses, display updates, etc.) take considerable time in Virtual Device mode. Please be patient. When you make the keyboard a Virtual Device, the key combination CTRL-ALT-DEL is not passed to the cpuModule; it resets the host computer instead.
Utility Programs The cpuModule is supplied with several utility programs needed for programming a Conventional SSD or reprogramming the BIOS. The following sections discuss these utilities in detail.
Solid State Disk Utility (SSD.EXE) The Solid State Disk utility program (SSD.EXE) allows you to program applications into 12 volt Flash or conventional EPROMs for use in a Conventional Solid State Disk. It is supplied on the cpuModule utility floppy disk. Use of the program is described below.
Devices Dimension ÍÎ Selects the size of each memory device for the SSD. Possible selections: • Flash (128k, 256k) • EPROM (128k, 256k, 512k, 1Mbyte) • RAM (128k, 512k) Select a setting which agrees with the installed memory devices and the positions of jumpers JP1, JP7, JP2, and JP8. Devices Number ÍÎ Selects the number of memory devices for the SSD. Possible selections: • One • Two (Use only with CMV family) Devices Type ÍÎ Selects the type of memory devices used to implement the Solid State Disk.
BIOS Build Utility (ATBIOSPR.EXE) The BIOS Build utility program, ATBIOSPR.EXE, allows you to re-program the BIOS. Incorrectly programming the BIOS can completely halt operation of the cpuModule, requiring it to be returned to the factory. Do not attempt to reprogram the BIOS unless you fully understand the procedure. BIOS Organization The cpuModule BIOS is in a 128k byte Flash EPROM. The ROM is at addresses E0000H through FFFFFH.
CHAPTER 6: HARDWARE REFERENCE This appendix gives information on the cpuModule hardware, including: • • • • jumper settings and locations solder jumper settings and locations mechanical dimensions processor thermal management 99
Jumpers The figure below shows the locations of the jumpers used to configure the cpuModule. To use the figure, position the module with the PC/104 bus connector at the six o'clock position and the component side facing up. The table below lists the jumpers and their settings. Jumper Use JP 1 6-pin jumper. Used with JP7 to configure first SSD socket. Factory Default: (position 1-2) JP 2 6-pin jumper Used with JP8 to configure second SSD socket.
JP 5 2-pin jumper Open: force cpuModule to use permanent default settings stored in BIOS; normal operation Closed: Forces use of factory default configuration Factory Default: Open JP 6 2-pin jumper RESERVED. Do not close. Factory Default: Open JP 7 3-pin jumper. Used to enable/disable battery power to the first SSD socket. Pins 1-2: No battery backup Pins 2-3: Battery backup Factory Default: no battery backup (position 1-2) JP 8 3-pin jumper.
SSD Jumpers For convenience, tables for the selection of SSD type and size have been repeated below.
The following table lists the possible configurations for the second socket of the SSD and the corresponding jumpers which must be set: Jumpers for Second SSD Socket, U2 Type Part Operation Capacity JP2 JP8 Atmel 5V Flash 29C010A 29C040A DiskOnChip and PromDisk read/write read/write read/write 128KB 512KB to 12MB+ 1-2 1-2 3-4 1-2 1-2 1-2 DS1645Y DS1650Y 128KB read/write read/write read/write 128KB 512KB 128KB 512KB read/write 512KB 28F010 read-only 128KB 28F020 read-only 256KB 29F01
Solder Jumpers Solder jumpers are set at the factory and normally you will not need to change them. All solder jumpers are located on the module’s solder side. The diagram below shows the locations of the solder jumpers. To use the diagram, position the module with the PC/104 bus connector at the six o'clock position and the solder side facing up.. B3 JPS10 1 B2 B1 The following table lists the solder jumpers and their settings. B1, B2, B3, Reserved for factory use. Leave as set.
Mechanical Dimensions The following figure shows mechanical dimensions of the module (in inches). Mechanical Dimensions (+/- 0.
486DX100/66 Processor Thermal Management The industrial grade processor IC of the cpuModule must receive adequate cooling to ensure proper operation and good reliability. The processor is therefore supplied with an attached heatsink. NOTE! This cpuModule is not warranted against damage caused by overheating due to improper or insufficient heatsinking or airflow. The table below shows the maximum ambient temperature allowed.
5x86DX133 Processor Thermal Management The processor IC of the cpuModule must receive adequate cooling to ensure proper operation and good reliability. The processor is therefore supplied with an attached heatsink. NOTE! This cpuModule is not warranted against damage caused by overheating due to improper or insufficient heatsinking or airflow. The table below shows the maximum ambient temperature allowed at various airflows while preventing damage to the processor.
CHAPTER 7: TROUBLESHOOTING Many problems you may encounter with operation of your cpuModule are due to common errors. This chapter will help you get your system operating properly.
Common Problems and Solutions The following table lists some of the common problems you may encounter while using your cpuModule, and suggests possible solutions. If you are having problems with your cpuModule, please review this table before contacting technical support. Problem Cause Solution cpuModule "will not boot" no power or wrong polarity check for correct power on PC/104 bus connectors incorrect Setup (video disabled, etc.
will not boot from DiskOnChip erratic operation DiskOnChip is not the only hard drive in system disable other hard drive(s) in system or use M-Systems DUPDATE utility with / FIRST option.
port configured for RS422 or RS485 configure serial port for RS232 incorrect cable cable must 'criss-cross' TXD and RXD lines from end to end keyboard interface damaged by misconnection check if keyboard LEDs light wrong keyboard type verify keyboard is an 'AT' type or switch to 'AT' mode Windows 3.1x installation program hangs smartdrive enabled remove smartdrive command from config.
Troubleshooting a PC/104 System If you have reviewed the preceding table and still cannot isolate the problem with your cpuModule, please try the following troubleshooting steps. Even if the resulting information does not help you find the problem, it will be very helpful if you contact technical support. Simplify the system. Remove items one at a time and see if one particular item seems to cause the problem. Swap components. Try replacing items in the system one-at-a-time with similar items.
How to Obtain Technical Support If after following the above steps, you still cannot resolve a problem with your cpuModule, please assemble the following information: • cpuModule model, BIOS version, and serial number • list of all boards in system • list of settings from cpuModule Setup program • printout of autoexec.bat and config.
How to Return a Product NOTE! You must have authorization from the factory in the form of an RMA# before returning any item for any reason! If you wish to return a product to the factory for service, please follow this procedure: 1) Read the Limited Warranty to familiarize yourself with our warranty policy. 2) Contact the factory for a Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number. 3) Write a detailed description of the situation or problem.
CHAPTER 8: LIMITED WARRANTY RTD Embedded Technologies, Inc. warrants the hardware and software products it manufactures and produces to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year following the date of shipment from RTD Embedded Technologies, INC. This warranty is limited to the original purchaser of product and is not transferable.
RTD Embedded Technologies, Inc. 103 Innovation Blvd. State College PA 16803-0906 USA Our website: www.rtd.
