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labelling scheme was developed as a joint effort by the TCO(The Swedish Confederation
of Professional Employees), Svenska Naturskyddsforeningen(The Swedish Society for
Nature Conservation), Statens Energimyndighet(The Swedish National Energy
Administration) and SEMKO AB.
The requirements cover a wide range of issuse: environment, ergonomics, usability,
reduction of electric and magnetic fields, energy consumption and electrical safety.
Why do we have environmentally labelled computers?
In many countries, environmental labelling has become an established method for
encouraging the adaptation of goods and services to the environment. The main problem,
as far as computers and other electronics equipment are concerned, is that
environmentally harmful substances are used both in the products and during their
manufacture. Since it is not so far possible to satisfactorily recycle the majority of
electronics equipment, most of these potentially damaging substances sooner or later
enter nature.
There are also other characteristics of a computer, such as energy consumption levels,
that are important from the viewpoints of both the work (internal) and natural (external)
environments. Since all methods of electricity generation have a negative effect on the
environment (e.g. acidic and climate-influencing emissions, radioactive waste), it is vital to
save energy. Electronics equipment in offices is often left running continuously and
thereby consumes a lot of energy.
What does labelling involve?
The environmental demands has been developed by Svenska Naturskyddsforeningen
(The Swedish Society for Nature Conservation). These demands impose restrictions on
the presence and use of heavy metals, brominated and chlorinated flame retardants,
CFCs(freons)and chlorinated solvents, among other things. The product must be prepared
for recycling and the manufacturer is obliged to have an environmental policy which must
be adhered to in each country where the company implements its operational policy.
The energy requirements include a demand that the computer and/or display, after a
certain period of inactivity, shall reduce its power consumption to a lower level in one or
more stages. The length of time to reactivate the computer shall be reasonable for the
user.
Below you will find a brief summary of the environmental requirements met by this product.
The complete environmental criteria document may be ordered from:
TCO Development
SE-114 94 Stockholm, Sweden
Fax: [phone]
Email (Internet): [e-mail]
Current information regarding TCO'99 approved and labelled products may also be
obtained via the Internet, using the address: http://www.tco-info.com/
Environmental requirements
Flame retardants
Flame retardants are present in printed circuit boards, cables, wires, casings and
housings. Their purpose is to prevent, or at least to delay the spread of fire. Up to 30% of
the plastic in a computer casing can consist of flame retardant substances. Most flame
retardants contain bromine or chloride, and those flame retardants are chemically related
to another group of environmental toxins, PCBs. Both the flame retardants containing
bromine or chloride and the PCBs are suspected of giving rise to severe health effects,
including reproductive damage in fish-eating birds and mammals, due to the bio-
accumulative* processes. Flame retardants have been found in human blood and
researchers fear that disturbances in foetus development may occur.
The relevant TCO'99 demand requires that plastic components weighing more than 25
grams must not contain flame retardants with organically bound bromine or chlorine.
Flame retardants are allowed in the printed circuit boards since no substitutes are
available.
Cadmium**
Cadmium is present in rechargeable batteries and in the colour-generating layers of
certain computer displays. Cadmium damages the nervous system and is toxic in high