Product Manual 3.5” Hard Disk Drives SPINPOINT V40 JULY 7, 2001 (Rev 1.
ii SpinPoint V40 Product Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 USER DEFINITION ............................................................................................................................... 1 MANUAL ORGANIZATION ................................................................................................................... 1 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS .................................................................................................... 2 REFERENCE...........................................
5.2.3.1 5.2.3.2 5.2.3.3 5.2.3.4 5.2.3.5 Time Base Generator ........................................................................................................................... 32 Automatic Gain Control ...................................................................................................................... 32 Asymmetry Correction Circuitry (ASC).............................................................................................. 32 Analog Anti-Aliasing Low Pass Filter.........
6.4.4 6.4.5 6.4.6 6.4.7 6.4.8 6.4.9 6.4.10 6.4.11 6.4.12 6.4.13 6.4.14 6.4.15 6.4.16 6.4.17 6.4.18 6.4.19 6.4.20 6.4.21 6.4.22 6.4.23 6.4.24 6.4.24.1 6.4.24.2 6.4.24.3 6.4.24.4 6.4.24.5 6.4.24.6 6.4.24.7 6.4.24.8 6.4.24.9 Flush Cache (E7h).................................................................................................................... 57 Format Track (50h) ..................................................................................................................
.7.4 6.7.4.1 6.7.4.2 6.7.4.3 6.7.4.4 6.7.4.5 6.7.4.6 6.7.4.7 6.7.4.8 6.7.4.9 6.7.4.10 6.7.4.11 CHAPTER 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 Ultra DMA data transfer .......................................................................................................... 96 Initiating an Ultra DMA data in burst.................................................................................................. 96 Ultra DMA data burst timing requirements ..............................................................................
TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 4-1 Mechanical Dimension .......................................................................................................... 12 Figure 4-2 Mounting Dimensions (in Millimeters) ................................................................................. 14 Figure 4-3 Mounting-Screw Clearance ...................................................................................................
SCOPE CHAPTER 1 SCOPE Welcome to the SpinPoint V40 series of Samsung hard disk drives. This series of drives consists of the following models: SV2001H, SV3012H,SV4002H, SV6003H,SV6014H and SV8004H. This chapter provides an overview of the contents of this manual, including the intended user, manual organization, terminology and conventions. In addition, it provides a list of references that might be helpful to the reader. 1.
SCOPE 1.
SCOPE • Parameters Parameters are given as initial capitals when spelled out and as all capitals when abbreviated. For example: Prefetch Enable: PE Cache Enable: CE • Names of Bits and Registers Bit names and register names are presented in initial capitals. For example: Host Software Reset Sector Count Register • Hexadecimal Notation Hexadecimal notation is identified using the small letterform.
DESCRIPTION CHAPTER 2 DESCRIPTION This chapter summarizes general functions and key features of the Spinpoint V40 drive, as well as the standards and regulations they meet. 2.1 Introduction The Samsung SpinPoint V40 3.5 inch disk drives are high capacity, high performance random access storage devices, which use non-removable 3.5-inch disks as storage media. Each disk incorporates thin film metallic media technology for enhanced performance and reliability.
DESCRIPTION • Proprietary 2048KB read look-ahead cache with a segmented buffer and write stacking capability • Transparent media defect mapping • Read and write mode auto-reassign • High performance in-line defective sector skipping • Automatic error correction and retries • Optimized 480-bit ECC and 7-byte CRC with 10 way interleave on-the-fly (OTF) correction • Automatic magnet latch • Noise predictive PRML read channel • 2nd generation TA detection and correction • Dynamic anti-stictio
SPECIFICATIONS CHAPTER 3 SPECIFICATIONS This chapter gives a detailed description of the physical, electrical, and environmental characteristics of the SpinPoint V40 hard disk drives. 3.
SPECIFICATIONS 3.2 Physical Specifications Table 3-2 Physical Specifications DESCRIPTION SV2001H SV3012H SV4002H Track pitch (µinches) SV6003H SV6014H SV8004H 17.39 Data head flying height (µinches) 0.5 Inner most data track radius (inches) 0.8204 Outer most data track radius (inches) 1.8031 Physical dimensions: Length (inches) 5.75 Width (inches) 4.00 Height (inches) 1.00 Weight (lb) 1.4 3.
SPECIFICATIONS 3.4 Performance Specifications Table 3-4 Performance Specifications DESCRIPTION SV2001H SV3012H SV4002H SV6003H SV6014H SV8004H Seek Time (Rd/Wt, typical): Average seek time 8.9/10.0 msec Track to track seek time 0.8/1.0 msec Full stroke seek time 16.5/17.5 msec Data Transfer Rate: (Maximum) buffer to/from media host to/from buffer 16.6/33/66/100 Mbytes/s Average latency 5.56 msec Rotational Speed 5,400 ± 0.
SPECIFICATIONS 3.5 Power Requirements Table 3-5 Power Requirements Typical Current (mA rms) Mode Typical Power Maximum +5 Volts +12 Volts (Watts) Power (Watts) Spin-up 750 2070 26 28.71 Normal (400) (235) 4.8 Idle (415) (225) 4.8 Random Seek (1) (410) (320) 6.0 @ OD Read/Write (2) (425) (225) 5.0 Standby (60) (15) 0.8 Sleep (60) (15) 0.8 1) Random seek: 30% Duty cycle seek commands with logical random location.
SPECIFICATIONS 3.
SPECIFICATIONS Table 3-6 Environmental Specifications (continued) DESCRIPTION SV2001H SV3012H SV4002H SV4002H SV6014H SV6003H Shock (1/2 sine pulse); Operating 2.0 ms 63G Non-operating 2.0 ms 350G 1.0 ms 150G 0.5 ms 200G Operating 2.0 ms 2K rad/sec 2 Non-operating 2.0 ms 20K rad/sec 2 1.0 ms 20K rad/sec 2 Rotational Shock Acoustic Noise (Typical Sound Power) Idle 3.1 bels Random Read/Write 3.3 bels Quite Seek 3.7 3.
INSTALLATION CHAPTER 4 INSTALLATION This chapter describes how to unpack, mount, configure, and connect a SpinPoint V40 hard disk drive. It also describes how to install the drive in systems. 4.1 Space Requirements Figure 4-1 shows the external dimensions of the drive.
INSTALLATION 4.2 Unpacking Instructions (1) Open the shipping container of the SpinPoint V40. (2) Lift the packing assembly that contains the drive out of the shipping container. (3) Remove the drive from the packing assembly. When you are ready to install the drive, remove it from the ESD (Electro Static Discharge) protection bag. Take precautions to protect the drive from ESD damage after removing it from the bag.
INSTALLATION Figure 4-2 Mounting Dimensions (in Millimeters) 14 SpinPoint V40 Product Manual
INSTALLATION 4.3.2 Clearance The printed circuit board (PCB) is designed to be very close to the mounting holes. Do not exceed the specified length for the mounting screw described in Figure 4-3. The specified screw length allows full use of the mounting-hole threads, while avoiding damage or placing unwanted stress on the PCB. Figure 4-3 Mounting-Screw Clearance CAUTION: Using mounting screws that are longer than the maximum lengths specified in Figure 4-3 voids the warranty of the drive.
INSTALLATION 4.3.3 Ventilation SpinPoint V40 hard disk drives are designed to operate without the need of a cooling fan, provided the ambient air temperature does not exceed 55ºC. Any user-designed cabinet must provide adequate air circulation to prevent exceeding the maximum temperature. 4.4 Cable Connectors The JHST connector consists of three portions; a DC power connector, a configuration jumper block, and the standard 40 pin AT-Bus Interface connector. 4.4.
INSTALLATION Figure 4-4 DC Power Connector, Configuration Jumper Block & AT-Bus Interface Connector (JHST) SpinPoint V40 Product Manual 17
INSTALLATION 4.5 Jumper Block Configurations This mode is selected as the factory default. It configures the drive as the Master. Master Mode Select this mode to configure the drive as the Slave. Slave Mode Select this mode if the Cable Select feature of the AT Bus Interface is to be used for Master / Slave selection.
INSTALLATION Figure 4-5 Jumper Pin Locations on the Drive PCBA Master Master Mode with 32GB Clip Slave Slave Mode with 32GB Clip Cable Select Cable Select Mode with 32GB Clip Figure 4-6 Options for Jumper Block Configuration SpinPoint V40 Product Manual 19
INSTALLATION 4.6 Drive Installation The SpinPoint V40 hard disk drive can be installed in an AT-compatible system in two ways: • To install the drive with a motherboard that contains a 40-pin AT-bus connector, connect the drive to the motherboard using a 40-pin ribbon cable. Ensure that pin 1 of the drive is connected to pin 1 of the motherboard connector. • To install the drive in a system without a 40-pin, AT-bus connector on its motherboard, an AT-bus adapter kit is required.
INSTALLATION 4.7 System Startup Procedure Once the SpinPoint V40 hard disk drive and along with the adapter board (if required) have been installed in your system, the drive can now be partitioned and formatted for operation. To set up the drive correctly, follow these instructions: 1. Power on the system. 2. Typically the system will detect a configuration change automatically. If so, then jump to step 6. 3.
INSTALLATION • • addressing mode. Windows 95 or 98 that use FAT16 file system will limit the drive’s logical partition at 2.1GB per logical drive. Windows95 OSR2 or later allow for the FAT32 file system which provides access to greater than 2GBof logical capacity. A low-level format is not required, as this was done at the factory before shipment. 4.7.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION CHAPTER 5 DISK DRIVE OPERATION This chapter describes the operation of the SpinPoint V40 functional subsystems. It is intended as a guide to the operation of the drive, rather than a detailed theory of operation. 5.1 Head / Disk Assembly (HDA) A SpinPoint V40 hard disk drive consists of a mechanical sub-assembly and a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA), as shown in Figure 5-1. This section describes the mechanism of the drive.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Figure 5-1 Exploded Mechanical View 24 SpinPoint V40 Product Manual
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 5.1.3 Disk Stack Assembly The disk stack assembly in the SpinPoint V40 hard disk drive consists of 1 or 2 disks and disk spacers secured on the hub of the spindle motor assembly by a disk clamp. The aluminum-alloy disks have a sputtered thin-film magnetic coating. A carbon overcoat lubricates the disk surfaces to prevent heads and media wear due to the repeated head contacts with disk surfaces during head take-offs and landings.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 5.2 Drive Electronics SpinPoint V40 drives attain their intelligence and performance through the specialized electronic components mounted on the PCBA. The components are mounted on one side of the PCBA. The Preamplifier IC is the only electrical component that is not on the PCBA. It is mounted on the flexible circuit inside the HDA. Locating the Preamplifier IC as close as possible to the read/write heads via surface mount technology improves the signal to noise ratio. 5.2.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION kzw j p kzw j p j i k j j j k p o p o p k ljj j i t p Figure 5-2 SID2001 AT Controller Block Diagram SpinPoint V40 Product Manual 27
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 5.2.2.1 The Host Interface Control Block The SID2001 AT Controller provides an ATA interface to the host computer and can attach to an ATA-1, 2,3,4 or ATA-5 host. It provides a means for the host to access the Task File registers used to control the transfer of data between host memory and the disk.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION • Support for Master/Slave configuration of two embedded disk controller drives. • Automatic detection of Host status reads. • Support of both LBA and CHS Task File registers formats. • Automatic detection of both the software AT reset and hardware AT reset. • Support for PIO modes 0 through 4. • Support for multiword DMA modes 0 through 2. • Support for synchronous DMA (UDMA) transfer mode 0 through 4. 5.2.2.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION The Disk Control block consists of the programmable sequencer (Disk Sequencer), CDR/data split logic, disk FIFO, fault tolerant sync detect logic, and other support logic. The programmable sequencer contains a 31-by-2 byte programmable SRAM and associated control logic, which is programmed by the user to automatically control all single track format, read, and write operations.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 5.2.2.4 The Disk ECC Control Block The SID2001 supports a programmable 10-way interleaved Reed-Solomon ECC. The code is capable of correcting up to ten 3 bytes, one 30 bytes bursts in hardware up to or 60 bytes correction with erasure pointer. The Disk ECC block also supports 32 bits of ESN (Embedded Sector Number) to the ECC generator to allow for greater data integrity in a headerless environment. Error detection and correction is handled in the Disk Control block.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION The read/write channel functions include a time base generator, AGC circuitry, asymmetry correction circuitry (ASC), analog anti-aliasing low-pass filter, analog to digital converter (ADC), digital FIR filter, timing recovery circuits, Viterbi detector, sync mark detection, 32/34 rate block code ENDEC, serializer and de-serializer, and write pre-compensation circuits. Servo functions include servo data detection and PES demodulation.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Figure 5-3 Read/Write 88C5200 SpinPoint V40 Product Manual 33
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 5.3 Servo System The Servo System controls the position of the read/write heads and holds them on track during read/write operations. The Servo System also compensates for MR write/read offsets and thermal offsets between heads on different surfaces and for vibration and shock applied to the drive. The SpinPoint V40 is an Embedded Sector Servo System. Positioning information is radially located in 192 evenly spaced servo sectors on each track.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION The SID2001 Disk Controller manages the flow of data between the Data Synchronizer on the Read/Write IC and its AT Interface Controller. It also controls data access for the external RAM buffer. The ENDEC of 88C5200 decodes the 32/34 with post-processor format to produce a serial bit stream. This NRZ (Non Return to Zero) serial data is converted to 8-bit bytes. The Sequencer module identifies the data as belonging to the target sector.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Thus Read Caching can provide substantial time savings during at least half of all disk requests. For example, Read Caching could save most of the disk transaction time by eliminating the seek and rotational latency delays that prominently dominate the typical disk transaction. Read Caching operates by continuing to fill its cache memory with adjacent data after transferring data requested by the host.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 5.5.3 Defect Management The SpinPoint V40 media is scanned for defects. After defect scanning, the defective sectors are saved in the defect list. A defect encountered in the manufacturing process is slipped to the next physical sector location. All logical sector numbers are pushed down to maintain a sequential order of data. The read/write operation can “slip” over the defective sectors so that the only performance impact is idle time. 5.5.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Blank Page 38 SpinPoint V40 Product Manual
DISK DRIVE OPERATION CHAPTER 6 6.1 AT INTERFACE AND ATA COMMANDS Introduction A Samsung disk drive with an Embedded AT Interface fully supports and enhances PC mass storage requirements. The Samsung AT interface conforms to the ATA/ATAPI-6 standards in Cabling, in Physical Signals, and in Logical Programming schemes. The Samsung Embedded AT controller joins the industry premiere VLSI circuitry with ingenious programming skill that does not compromise performance or reliability.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.2.3 Signal Descriptions The interface signals and pins are described below and listed in Table 6-1. The signals are listed according to function, rather than in numerical connector pin order. 6.2.3.1 CS1FX- (Drive Chip Select 0) This is the chip select signal decoded from the host address bus used to select the Command Block registers. 6.2.3.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.2.3.8 DMACK- (DMA Acknowledge) This signal shall be used by the host in response to DMARQ to either acknowledge that data has been accepted, or that data is available. 6.2.3.9 DMARQ (DMA Request) This signal, used for DMA data transfers between host and drive, shall be asserted by the drive when it is ready to transfer data to or from the host. The direction of data transfer is controlled by DIOR- and DIOW-. The signal is used in handshake manner with DMACK- (i.e.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.2.3.12 IORDY (I/O Channel Ready) This signal is active low to extend the host transfer cycle of any host register access (Read or Write) when the drive is not ready to respond to a data transfer request. When IORDY is not negated, this signal is in the high impedance state. 6.2.3.13 PDIAG- (Passed Diagnostics) This signal is asserted by Drive 1 to indicate to Drive 0 that it has completed diagnostics. A 10K pull-up resistor is used on this signal by each drive.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-1 AT-Bus Interface Signals Drive Connector Direction Signal Name AT System BUS Pin No.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-1 AT-Bus Interface Signals (continued) Drive Connector Direction Signal Name AT System BUS Pin No.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-2 lists the signal name mnemonic, connector pin number, whether input to (I) or output from (O) the drive, and the full signal name.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.3 Logical Interface 6.3.1 General 6.3.1.1 Bit Conventions Bit names are shown in all upper case letters except where a lower case n precedes a bit name. This indicates that when nBIT=0 (bit is zero) the action is true, and when nBIT=1 (bit is one) the action is false. If there is no proceeding n, then when BIT=1 it is true, and when BIT=0 it is false.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION In LBA mode the sectors on the device are assumed to be linearly mapped with an initial definition of: LBA 0 = (Cylinder 0, head 0, sector 1).
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.3.2 I/O Register - Address Communication to or from the drive is through an I/O register that routes the input or output data to or from registers addressed by a code on signals from the host (CS1FX-, CS3FX-, DA2, DA1, DA0, DIOR- and DIOW-). The Command Block registers are used for sending commands to the drive or posting status from the drive. The Control Block registers are used for drive control and to post-alternate status.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.3.3 Control Block Register Descriptions 6.3.3.1 Alternate Status Register (3F6h) This register contains the same information as the Status register in the Command Block register. The only difference is that reading this register does not imply interrupt acknowledgment nor does it clear a pending interrupt. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BSY DRDY DWF BSY DRQ CORR IDX ERR NOTE: See section 6.3.4.10 for definitions of the bits in this register. 6.3.3.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.3.4 Command Block Register Descriptions 6.3.4.1 Data Register (1F0h) This 16-bit register is used to transfer data blocks between the device data buffer and the host. It is also the register through which sector information is transferred on a Format Track command. Data transfers may be either PIO or DMA. 6.3.4.2 Features Register (1F1h) This register is command specific and used to enable and disable features of the interface (e.g.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.3.4.5 Sector Count Register (1F2h) This register contains the number of sectors of data requested to be transferred on a read or write operation between the host and the drive. If the value in this register is zero, a count of 256 sectors is specified. If this register is zero at command completion, the command was successful. If not successfully completed, the register contains the number of sectors, which need to be transferred in order to complete the request.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.3.4.10 Status Register (1F7h) This register contains the drive status. The contents of this register are updated at the completion of each command. When BSY is cleared, the other bits in this register are valid within 400 nsec. If BSY=1, no other bits in this register are valid. If the host reads this register when an interrupt is pending, it is considered to be the interrupt acknowledge. Any pending interrupt is cleared whenever this register is read.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4 At Command Register Descriptions Commands are issued to the drive by loading the pertinent registers in the command block with the needed parameters, and then writing the command code to the Command register. The manner in which a command is accepted varies. There are three classes of command acceptance (see Table 6-4), all based on the fact that to receive a command, BSY=0: • Upon receipt of a Class 1 command, the drive sets BSY within 400 nsec.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-4 Command Codes and Parameters COMMAND Class 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 DESCRIPTION Check Power Mode Download Micro code Execute Device Diagnostic Flush Cache Format Track Identify Device Idle Idle Immediate Initialize Drive Parameter Read Buffer Read DMA (w/retry) Read DMA (w/o retry) Read Long (w/retry) Read Long (w/o retry) Read Multiple Read Native Max Address Read Sector(s) (w/retry) Read Sector(s) (w/o retry) Read Verify Sector(s) (w/
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Legend (continued) y The register contains a valid parameter for this command. For the Device/Head register, y means both the device and head parameters are used. D Only the drive parameter is valid and not the head parameter. d The device parametric is valid; the usage of the head parameter is vendor-specific. D* Address to Device 0, but both devices execute it. *1 Smart Enable/Disable Auto-save *2.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.1 Check Power Mode (98h, E5h) This command checks the power mode. If the drive is in, going to, or recovering from the Standby Mode, the drive sets BSY, sets the Sector Count register to 00h, clears BSY, and generates an interrupt. If the drive is in the Idle Mode, the drive sets BSY, sets the Sector Count register to FFh, clears BSY, and generates an interrupt. 6.4.2 Download Micro Code (92h) This command enables the host to alter the drive’s Micro-code.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-5 Diagnostic Codes Code 6.4.4 Description 01h No error detected 02h Formatter device error 03h Sector buffer error 04h ECC circuitry error 05h Controlling microprocessor error 8xh Drive 1 failed Flush Cache (E7h) This command is used by the host to request the drive to flush the write cache. If write is to be flushed, all data cached will be written to the media. The BSY bit will remain set to one until all data has been successfully written or error occurs. 6.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Some parameters are defined as a group of bits. A word which is defined as a set of bits is transmitted with the indicated bits on the respective data bus bit (e.g., bit 15 appears on DD15). Some parameters are defined as a sixteen-bit value. A word which is defined as a sixteen bit value places the most significant bit of the value on bit DD15 and the least significant bit on bit DD0. Some parameters are defined as a 32-bit value (e.g., words 57 and 58).
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Word Content 49 0B00h 50 51 52 0000h 0200h 0200h 53 0007h 54 55 56 XXXXh XXXXh XXXXh 57-58 XXXXh 59 0XXXh 60-61 XXXXh 62 0000h 63 XX07h 64 0003h 65 0078h 66 0078h 67 0078h 68 0078h 69-79 0000h 80 001Eh 81 0017h Table 6-6 IDENTIFY DEVICE information (continued) Description Capabilities 15-14 Reserved 13 1=Standby timer values as specified in this standard are supported 0=Standby timer values shall be managed by the device 12 Reserved 11 1=IORDY suppor
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Word Content 82 7469h 83 4000h 84 4000h 85 7468h 60 Table 6-6 IDENTIFY DEVICE information (continued) Description Command set supported.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Word Content 86 0001h 87 4000h 88 001Fh 89-92 93 0000h 4101h 94 8000h 95-128 129-159 160-255 0000h 0000h 0000h Table 6-6 IDENTIFY DEVICE information (continued) Description Command set/feature enabled. .
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.7 Idle (97h,E3h) This command causes the drive to set BSY, enter the Idle Mode, clear BSY, and generate an interrupt. The interrupt is generated even though the drive may not have fully transitioned to Idle Mode. If the drive is already spinning, the spin-up sequence is not executed. If the Sector Count register is non-zero, then the automatic Idle Mode sequence is enabled, and the timer begins counting down immediately.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION The sector count and head values are not checked for validity by this command. If they are invalid, no error will be posted until an illegal access is made by some other command. 6.4.10 Read Buffer (E4h) The Read Buffer command enables the host to read the current contents of the drive's sector buffer. When this command is issued, the drive sets BSY, sets up the sector buffer for a read operation, sets DRQ, clears BSY, and generates an interrupt.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.13 Read Multiple Command (C4h) The Read Multiple command performs similarly to the Read Sectors command. Interrupts are not generated on every sector, but on the transfer of a block which contains the number of sectors defined by a Set Multiple command. Command execution is identical to the Read Sectors operation except that the number of sectors defined by a Set Multiple command are transferred without intervening interrupts.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.14 Read Native Max Address (F8h) This command returns the native maximum address. The native maximum address is the highest address accepted by the device in the factory default condition. The native maximum address is the maximum address that is valid when using the SET MAX ADDRESS command. Normal Output: Sector Number maximum native sector number (IDENTIFY DEVICE word 6) or LBA bits (7:0) for native max address on the device.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.16 Read Verify Sector(s) (40h:with retry, 41h:without retry) This command is identical to the Read Sectors command, except that DRQ is never set, and no data is transferred to the host. See 6.6.3 for the protocol. When the command is accepted, the drive sets BSY. When the requested sectors have been verified, the drive clears BSY and generates an interrupt.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.19 Set Features (EFh) This command is used by the host to establish the following parameters, which affect the execution of certain drive features as shown in Table 6-8. Table 6-8 Set Feature Register Definitions Code Description 02h Enable Write Cache 03h Set transfer mode based on value in Sector Count register 33h Disable Retry 42h Enable Automatic Acoustic management feature set.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.20 Set Max Address (F9h) Host Protected Area feature set. Inputs Register Features Sector Count Sector Number Cylinder Low Cylinder High Device/Head 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Na obs Command Na Native max address sector number or SET MAX LBA SET MAX cylinder low or LBA SET MAX cylinder high or LBA Native max address head number or LBA obs DEV SET MAX LBA F9h VV Sector Count – VV (Value volatile).
DISK DRIVE OPERATION DRDY shall be set to one. DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero. DRQ shall be cleared to zero. ERR shall be cleared to zero. Description After successful command completion, all read and write access attempts to addresses greater than specified by the successful SET MAX ADDRESS command shall be rejected with an IDNF error. IDENTIFY DEVICE response words 1, 54, 57, 60, and 61 shall reflect the maximum address set with this command.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.21 Set Multiple Mode (C6h) This command enables the drive to perform Read and Write Multiple operations and establishes the block count for these commands. Refer to section 6.6.3 for the protocol. The Sector Count register is loaded with the number of sectors per block. Drives support block sizes of 2, 4, 8, and 16 sectors. Upon receipt of the command, the drive sets BSY=1 and checks the Sector Count register.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.23 Standby (96h,E2h) This command causes the drive to set BSY, enter the Standby Mode, clear BSY, and assert INTRQ. INTRQ is asserted even though the device may not have fully transitioned to Standby Mode. If the Sector Count register is non-zero, then the Standby Timer is enabled. The value in the Sector Count register shall be used to determine the time programmed into the Standby Mode.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.24.2 Smart enable/disable attribute autosave (D2h) This command enables and disables the optional attribute autosave feature of the device. Depending upon the implementation, this command may either allow the device, after some vendor specified event, to automatically save its updated attribute values to non-volatile memory; or this command may cause the autosave feature to be disabled.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION If the device is in the process of performing its off-line data collection activities and is interrupted by a STANDBY IMMEDIATE command from the host, the device shall suspend or abort its off-line data collection activities, and service the host within two seconds after receipt of the command.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-12 Off-line data collection status values Value 00h or 80h 01h 02h or 82h 03h 04h or 84h 05h or 85h 06h or 86h 07h-3Fh 40h-7Fh 81h 83h 87h-BFh C0h-FFh Definition Off-line data collection activity was never started. Reserved Off-line data collection activity was completed without error.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION SMART capability The following describes the definition for the SMART capability bits. If the value of all of these bits is equal to zero, then this device does not implement automatic saving of SMART data. • Bit 0 (power mode SMART data saving capability bit) – If the value of this bit equals one, the device shall save its SMART data prior to going into a power saving mode (Idle, Standby, or Sleep) or immediately upon return to Active or Idle mode from a Standby mode.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.25 Standby (96h, E2h) This command causes the drive to enter Standby Mode. See 6.6.3 for the protocol. The drive may return the interrupt before the transition to Standby Mode is completed. If the drive is already spun down, the spin down sequence is not executed. 6.4.26 Standby Immediate (94h, E0h) This command causes the drive to enter Standby Mode. See 6.6.3 for the protocol. The drive may return the interrupt before the transition to Standby Mode is completed.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.4.30 Write Multiple Command (C5h) This command is similar to the Write Sectors command. The drive sets BSY within 400 nsec of accepting the command, and interrupts are not presented on each sector but on the transfer of a block which contains the number of sectors defined by Set Multiple. Command execution is identical to the Write Sectors operation, except that the number of sectors defined by the Set Multiple command are transferred without intervening interrupts.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION If the ID is read correctly, the data loaded in the buffer is written to the data field of the sector, followed by the ECC bytes. Upon command completion, the Command Block registers contain the cylinder, head, and sector number of the last sector written in CHS mode or the logical block address in LBA mode. If an error occurs during a write of more than one sector, writing terminates at the sector where the error occurs.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.5 Programming Requirements 6.5.1 Reset Response A reset is accepted within 400 nsec after the negation of RESET- or within 400 nsec after SRST has been set in the Device Control register. When the drive is reset by RESET-, Drive 1 indicates it is present by asserting DASP- within 400 msec, and DASP- remains asserted for 30 seconds or until Drive 1 accepts the first command. When the drive is reset by SRST, the drive sets BSY=1. See also Device Control register (section 6.3.3.3).
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-13 Command Errors Error Register Command BBK UNC IDNF ABRT Status Register TK0NF AMNF DRDY DWF DSC CORR ERR Check Power Mode V V V V V Download Micro Code V V V V V Execute Drive Diags V Flush Cache Format Track V V V V V V V V V V V Identify Drive V V V V V Idle V V V V V Idle Immediate V V V V V V V V Initialize Drive Parms Read Buffer V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.5.3 Power Conditions SpinPoint drives reduce the power required to operate (see Table 6-14), which describes each operating mode and the status of the major components. Table 6-14 Power Saving Mode MODE R/W Spindle VCM Servo Interface CPU ADC Pre Amp SLEEP OFF OFF OFF OFF Disk OFF OFF OFF OFF ON OFF OFF ON ON ON ON ON ON Host OFF STANDBY OFF OFF OFF OFF Disk OFF Host OFF IDLE NORMAL 6.5.3.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.5.3.4 Normal mode In Normal mode, the drive is capable of responding immediately to media access requests, and commands complete execution in the shortest possible time. See specific power-related commands (0). The power conditions in each mode are shown in Table 6-15. Table 6-15 Power Conditions MODE SRST BSY DRDY Interface Active Media SLEEP * x x * 0 STANDBY x 0 1 Yes 0 IDLE x 0 1 Yes 1 NORMAL x x x Yes 1 * : See 6.4.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.6 Protocol Overview Commands can be grouped into different classes according to the protocols followed for command execution. The command classes with their associated protocols are defined below. For all commands, the host first checks if BSY=1, and should proceed no further unless and until BSY=0. For most commands, the host will also wait for DRDY=1 before proceeding. Those commands shown with DRDY=X can be executed when DRDY=0. 6.6.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.6.1.1 PIO Read Command a) Setup b) Issue Command BSY=0 e) Read Transfer Status Data ===== BSY=1 BSY=0 BSY=1 e) Read Transfer Status Data BSY=0 BSY=1 DRDY=1 DRQ=1 DRQ=0 DRQ=1 DRQ=0 Assert Negate Assert Negate INTRQ INTRQ INTRQ INTRQ If Error Status is presented, the drive is prepared to transfer data, and it is at the host's discretion that the data is transferred. 6.6.1.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Execution includes the transfer of one or more 512 byte (>512 bytes on Write Long) sectors of data from the drive to the host. a) The host writes any required parameters to the Features, Sector Count, Sector Number, Cylinder and Drive/Head registers. b) The host writes the command code to the Command register. c) The drive sets DRQ when it is ready to accept the first sector of data. d) The host writes one sector of data via the Data register. e) The drive clears DRQ and sets BSY.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.6.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.6.4 DMA Data Transfer Commands This class comprises: • Read DMA (C8h) • Write DMA (C9h) Data transfers using DMA commands differ in two ways from PIO transfers: • Data transfers are performed using the slave-DMA channel, • No intermediate sector interrupts are issued on multi-sector commands. Initiation of the DMA transfer commands is identical to the Read Sector or Write Sector commands except that the host initializes the slave-DMA channel prior to issuing the command.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.6.4.1 Normal DMA transfer Initialize DMA BSY=0 6.6.4.2 Reset DMA BSY=1 nIEN=0 Status BSY=0 Command BSY=1 DMA data BSY=x DRQ=1 Reset DMA BSY=1 nIEN=0 Status BSY=0 Aborted DMA Command Initialize DMA BSY=0 88 DMA data transfer BSY=x DRQ=x Aborted DMA transfer Initialize DMA BSY=0 6.6.4.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7 Timing The minimum cycle time supported by the device in PIO mode 3, 4 and Multiword DMA mode 1, 2 respectively, shall always be greater than, or equal to the minimum cycle time defined by the associated mode. For example, a device supporting PIO mode 4 timing shall not report a value less than 120ns, the minimum cycle time defined for PIO mode 4 timings. 6.7.1 Register transfers Figure 6-1 defines the relationships between the interface signals for register transfers.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION t0 ADDR valid (See note 1) t1 t2 t9 t2i DIOR-/DIOWWRITE DD(7:0) (See note 2) t3 t4 READ DD(7:0) (See note 2) t5 t6 t6z IORDY (See note 3,3-1) tA IORDY (See note 3,3-2) tC tRD IORDY (See note 3,3-3) tB tC NOTES − 1 Device address consists of signals CS0-, CS1- and DA(2:0) 2 Data consists of DD(7:0). 3 The negation of IORDY by the device is used to extend the PIO cycle.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-16 Register transfer to/from device PIO timing parameters t0 t1 t2 t2i t3 t4 t5 t6 T6Z t9 tRD Mode 0 ns 600 70 290 60 30 50 5 30 20 0 Mode 1 ns 383 50 290 45 20 35 5 30 15 0 Mode 2 ns 330 30 290 30 15 20 5 30 10 0 Mode 3 ns 180 30 80 70 30 10 20 5 30 10 0 Mode 4 ns 120 25 70 25 20 10 20 5 30 10 0 Note Cycle time (min) 1,4 Address valid to DIOR-/DIOW- setup (min) DIOR-/DIOW- pulse width 8-bit (min) 1 DIOR-/DIOW- recovery time (min) 1 DIOW- data setup (min) DIOW- data hold
DISK DRIVE OPERATION t0 ADDR valid (See note 1) t1 t2 t9 t2i DIOR-/DIOWWRITE DD(15:0) (See note 2) t3 t4 READ DD(15:0) (See note 2) t5 t6 t6z IORDY (See note 3,3-1) tA IORDY (See note 3,3-2) tC tRD IORDY (See note 3,3-3) tB tC NOTES − 1 Device address consists of signals CS0-, CS1- and DA(2:0) 2 Data consists of DD(15:0). 3 The negation of IORDY by the device is used to extend the PIO cycle.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-17 PIO data transfer to/from device PIO timing parameters t0 t1 t2 Cycle time Address valid to DIOR-/DIOW- setup DIOR-/DIOW16-bit (min) (min) (min) Mode 0 ns 600 70 165 Mode 1 ns 383 50 125 Mode 2 ns 240 30 100 Mode 3 ns 180 30 80 Mode 4 ns 120 25 70 t2i t3 t4 t5 t6 t6Z t9 tRD Note 1,4 1 DIOR-/DIOW- recovery time (min) 70 25 1 DIOW- data setup (min) 60 45 30 30 20 DIOW- data hold (min) 30 20 15 10 10 DIOR- data setup (min) 50 35 20 20 20 DIOR- data hold (min) 5 5 5 5
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.3 Multiword DMA data transfer Figure 6-3 defines the timings associated with Multiword DMA transfers. For Multiword DMA modes 1 and above, the minimum value of t0 is specified by word 65 in the IDENTIFY DEVICE parameter list. Table 6-18 defines the minimum value that shall be placed in word 65. Devices shall power up with mode 0 as the default Multiword DMA mode.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-18 Multiword DMA data transfer Multiword DMA timing parameters Mode 0 Mode 1 Mode 2 Note ns ns ns t0 Cycle time (min) 480 150 120 see note tD DIOR-/DIOW(min) 215 80 70 see note tE DIOR- data access (max) 150 60 50 tF DIOR- data hold (min) 5 5 5 tG DIOR-/DIOW- data setup (min) 100 30 20 tH DIOW- data hold (min) 20 15 10 tI DMACK to DIOR-/DIOW- setup (min) 0 0 0 tJ DIOR-/DIOW- to DMACK hold (min) 20 5 5 tKR DIOR- negated pulse width (min) 50 50 25 see note tKW DIOW- negated puls
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4 Ultra DMA data transfer Figures 6-4 through 6-13 define the timings associated with all phases of Ultra DMA bursts. Table 6-19 contains the values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes. 6.7.4.1 Initiating an Ultra DMA data in burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.2 Ultra DMA data burst timing requirements Table 6-19 Ultra DMA data burst timing requirements Name t2CYCTYP tCYC t2CYC tDS tDH tDVS tDVH tFS tLI tMLI tUI tAZ tZAH tZAD tENV tSR tRFS tRP tIORDYZ tZIORDY tACK tSS Mode 0 Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 5 Comment (ns) (ns) (ns) (ns) (ns) (ns) min max min max min max min max min max min max (see Notes 1 and 2) 240 160 120 90 60 40 Typical sustained average two cycle time 112 73 54 39 25 16.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION Table 6-19 Ultra DMA data burst timing requirements (cont). NOTES − 1 Timing parameters shall be measured at the connector of the sender or receiver to which the parameter applies. For example, the sender shall stop generating STROBE edges tRFS after the negation of DMARDY-. Both STROBE and DMARDY- timing measurements are taken at the connector of the sender. 2 All timing measurement-switching points (low to high and high to low) shall be taken at 1.5V.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.4 Host pausing an Ultra DMA data in burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2. DMARQ (device) DMACK(host) tRP STOP (host) tSR HDMARDY(host) tRFS DSTROBE (device) DD(15:0) (device) NOTES − 1 The host may assert STOP to request termination of the Ultra DMA burst no sooner than tRP after HDMARDY- is negated. 2 If the tSR timing is not satisfied, the host may receive zero, one, or two more data words from the device.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.5 Device terminating an Ultra DMA data in burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2. DMARQ (device) tMLI DMACK(host) tLI tACK tLI STOP (host) tACK tLI HDMARDY(host) tSS tIORDYZ DSTROBE (device) tZAH tAZ DD(15:0) tDVS tDVH CRC tACK DA0, DA1, DA2, CS0-, CS1NOTE − The definitions for the STOP, HDMARDY and DSTROBE signal lines are no longer in effect after DMARQ and DMACK are negated.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.6 Host terminating an Ultra DMA data in burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2. DMARQ (device) tLI tMLI DMACK(host) tZAH tAZ tRP tACK STOP (host) tACK HDMARDY(host) tRFS tLI tMLI tIORDYZ DSTROBE (device) tDVS DD(15:0) tDVH CRC tACK DA0, DA1, DA2, CS0-, CS1NOTE − The definitions for the STOP, HDMARDY and DSTROBE signal lines are no longer in effect after DMARQ and DMACK are negated.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.7 Initiating an Ultra DMA data out burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2. DMARQ (device) tUI DMACK(host) tACK tENV STOP (host) tZIORDY tLI tUI DDMARDY(device) tACK HSTROBE (host) tDVS tDVH DD(15:0) (host) tACK DA0, DA1, DA2, CS0-, CS1NOTE − The definitions for the STOP, DDMARDY and HSTROBE signal lines are not in effect until DMARQ and DMACK are asserted.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.8 Sustained Ultra DMA data out burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.9 Device pausing an Ultra DMA data out burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2. tRP DMARQ (device) DMACK(host) STOP (host) tSR DDMARDY(device) tRFS HSTROBE (host) DD(15:0) (host) NOTES − 1 The device may negate DMARQ to request termination of the Ultra DMA burst no sooner than tRP after DDMARDY- is negated. 2 If the tSR timing is not statisfied, the device may receive zero, one, or two more data words from the host.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.10 Host terminating an Ultra DMA data out burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2. tLI DMARQ (device) tMLI DMACK(host) tLI tSS tACK STOP (host) tLI tIORDYZ DDMARDY(device) tACK HSTROBE (host) tDVS DD(15:0) (host) tDVH CRC tACK DA0, DA1, DA2, CS0-, CS1NOTE − The definitions for the STOP, DDMARDY and HSTROBE signal lines are no longer in effect after DMARQ and DMACK are negated.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION 6.7.4.11 Device terminating an Ultra DMA data out burst The values for the timings for each of the Ultra DMA modes are contained in 6.7.4.2. DMARQ (device) DMACK(host) tLI tMLI tACK STOP (host) tRP tIORDYZ DDMARDY(device) tRFS tLI tMLI tACK HSTROBE (host) tDVS DD(15:0) (host) tDVH CRC tACK DA0, DA1, DA2, CS0-, CS1NOTE − The definitions for the STOP, DDMARDY and HSTROBE signal lines are no longer in effect after DMARQ and DMACK are negated.
DISK DRIVE OPERATION CHAPTER 7 7.1 MAINTENANCE General Information Samsung's SpinPoint V40 hard disk drives achieve high reliability through their mechanical design and extensive use of microelectronics. Their design allows fast, easy sub-assembly replacement without adjustments, greatly reducing the amount of downtime required for unscheduled repairs. 7.
