FibroLaser II Application Note “Road Tunnel Protection” Building Technologies
Liefermöglichkeiten und technische Änderungen vorbehalten. Data and design subject to change without notice. / Supply subject to availability. Sous réserve de modifications techniques et de la disponibilité. © 2005 Copyright by Siemens Building Technologies AG Wir behalten uns alle Rechte an diesem Dokument und an dem in ihm dargestellten Gegenstand vor.
Introduction 1 Introduction Underground transportation facilities and especially road tunnels are the nerve centers of modern economic areas. Thousands of people and tonnes of goods pass through them daily. Malfunctions and interruptions in operation have dire consequences. In other words, the safety arrangements must match the high risk and secure the permanent availability of the facilities. Protective measures against catastrophes are economical.
The Siemens Solution Concept Development towards a possible disaster Temperature ! Danger of life in cars not involved in accident Heavy damages on tunnel infrastructure Danger of life in cars involved in accident Automatic extinguishing release Fire Detection Start of fire fighting by the fire brigade Open car fire ! Video Traffic event detection 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 ... 30 Time [min] Fig.
System Planning • • • 3 The fiber optic sensor cable with stainless steel tube and halogen-free plastic coating provides maximum immunity to environmental influences, such as moisture, heat, cold and corrosion Metal-free sensor cable available for avoiding e.g. electromagnetic interference fields. The fiber optic sensor cable can easily be installed and is completely maintenance-free. System Planning This document is meant to amend the FibroLaser II documentation by road tunnel specific content.
System Planning • • Maximum wind speed possible by emergency ventilation Expected fire loads (e.g. any restriction for trucks?) Temperature in a tunnel varies with seasons. The tunnel entrance and exit can be strongly influences by daily weather conditions. Sun will heat up the entrance and exit side of a tunnel. A tunnel therefore has a natural temperature profile. Fig. 2 Natural temperature profile Traffic will contribute to this profile depending on its intensity.
System Planning Fig. 3 Detection temperatures with different wind speeds. To guarantee fire alarms it is essential that the fire alarm system is also able to detect the radiation field of the open fire. Since the heating of radiated surfaces is a faster heat transfer than convective heat exchange with hot gases, FibroLaser II offers here the right solution when the sensor cable is exposed to radiation heat. 3.
Installation Possibilities 4 Installation Possibilities 4.1 Cable Position The exact cable position in a tunnel is depending on the shape of the tunnel crosssection and the restrictions given by the customer. For road tunnel it is recommendable to position it in the area of the tunnel ceiling above the traffic lanes. The exact position has to be agreed with the customer.
Installation Possibilities Fig. 6 Example: Two transit lanes, one merging lane Fig. 7 Example: Three transit lanes, two merging lanes If niches, e.g. emergency niches exist in the tunnel, it is recommended to protect these areas as well. Fig. 8 Emergency niches Figure 9 shows an alternative cable layout possibility. All stop possibilities shall be treated equivalently to niches. 9 Siemens Building Technologies 10.
Installation Possibilities Fig. 9 Stop possibility To get around obstacles as lamps and ventilators the methods as in the figures 10 and 11 shall be used. Fig. 10 Installation around lamps Fig. 11 Installation around ventilators 10 Siemens Building Technologies 10.
Installation Possibilities Nevertheless it remains of high importance to respect the minimum bending radius of 60 mm of the sensor cable. Fig. 12 Minimum bending radius 4.2 Controller Position The controller positioning is heavily depending on the question if a redundant operation is required or not. Several levels of redundancy can be achieved with the FibroLaser system. Fig. 13 shows the standard redundant design offered by the FibroLaser system.
Installation Possibilities Fig. 14 a-c Non-redundant installations with one controller Redundant systems for the same conditions can be installed analogously with same limiting lengths using two controllers at the opposite cable endings as Fig. 15 shows. 12 Siemens Building Technologies 10.
Installation Possibilities Fig. 15 a-c Redundant installations with two controllers In case of longer tunnel length these installations need to be mirrored and/or intermediate controllers need to be installed in technical rooms in the middle of the tunnel. 4.3 Network Installations A linear heat detection system is always a part of a whole tunnel control system and has to communicate with different higher level network components depending on the tunnel owner’s need.
Installation Possibilities In many cases 9 contacts are not enough, as this means that only 9 different alarm zones can be established on the whole cable length. In such cases it is possible to introduce external relay contacts which give a final range of 128 contacts. Fig.17 Additional relay contacts with FirboSwitch 2 FibroSwitch is a modular system with a transceiver unit for RS232 interface. For more information see the FibroSwitch manual. 4.3.
Installation Possibilities Fig.18 Connection to management systems For a discussion of all connection and protocol possibilities please contact the Product Line “Linear Heat Detection”. 4.4 Type of Sensor Cable Three different cable types are currently in the offering. The metallic cables SWLT4PA and SWLT4FRNC contain a stainless steel metal tube to protect the fibres and a stainless steel stranded wire (see Fig. 19).
Parametrisation Fig. 20 MFLT4 Cable 5 Parametrisation The choice of parametrisation with regards to resolutions, zone settings and alarm parameters is crucial for the system performance. 5.1 Choice of Controller Setting There are 4 types of OTS control units for 1, 2, 3, 4 km operation length available. Each of them has different parameter settings available, which lead to different spatial resolutions and cycling time. These settings are listed in Part 1 of the documentation.
Parametrisation tunnel areas which need different alarm parameters than the rest, like for example tunnel entrances and exits, which have special temperature profiles. 8 Zones: Safety Intervention 1 Zone: Traffic Lights 3 Zones: Emergency Lighting 6 Zones: Cameras 4 Zones: Ventilation System 1 Zones: Alarm Contacts Measuring / Alarm location Fig. 21 Zone determination in a tunnel It has to be remembered that a total maximum of 128 zones can be defined.
Parametrisation Example: Tmax = 58 °C Example: dT/dt = 6 °C/min Alarm Alarm Example: ∆T = 10°C above zone average Zone Alarm Fig. 22 Alarm Parameters It is not necessary to activate all three parameters, but it is possible to have them working in parallel.
Installation, Commissioning & Maintenance Fig. 23 FibroLaser II Software Tool In order to get a calculation of the alarm time in a tunnel, please contact the Product Line Linear Heat Detection. 6 Installation, Commissioning & Maintenance Please refer to the relevant passages of the standard documentation for installation, commissioning and maintenance. 7 References The following list is only a selection of all road tunnel protected by FibroLaser II.
Contact • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 8 Fu Ning Tunnel, China Sveti Rok, Croatia Mrazovka Tunnel, Czech Republic Beirut Tunnel, Emirates Mont Blanc Tunnel, France Hochwald-Tunnel, Germany Rennsteigtunnel, Germany Rheinufertunnel Düsseldorf, Germany Hadid-Tunnel, Israel Col die Tenda, Italy Fortezza, Italy Galleria Lecco Val Sassina, Italy Frisange-Tunnel, Luxemburg LFE-Tunnel, Malaysia Gardunha-Tunnel, Portugal Tunela da Portela, Portugal Branisko, Slovakia Predori Trojane-Podmilj,
Siemens Schweiz AG Building Technolgies Group Gubelstr.22 CH-6301 Zug Phone +41 41 724 2424 Fax +41 41 724 3522 www.sbt.siemens.com Document no. Edition 10.
