System Manual Edition 05/2005 RFID-SYSTEMS SIMATIC RF 300 simatic sensors
Introduction 1 Safety information 2 SIMATIC System overview 3 RFID systems RF 300 RF 300 system planning 4 Readers 5 Transponder/tags 6 Communication modules 7 Accessories 8 Appendix A System Manual Edition 05/2005
Safety Guidelines This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert symbol, notices referring to property damage only have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are graded according to the degree of danger. Danger indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.
Table of contents 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Navigating in the system manual ............................................................................................... 1-2 2 Safety information................................................................................................................................... 2-1 3 System overview...................
Table of contents 5 Readers .................................................................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4 5.1.5 5.1.6 5.1.7 5.1.8 5.1.9 5.1.10 5.1.11 5.1.12 6 7 Transponder/tags.................................................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.1.4 6.1.5 6.1.6 RF 320-T ...........................................
Table of contents Tables Table 4-1 Reduction of field data by metal (in %): Transponder and RF 310-R...................................... 4-20 Table 4-2 Interference sources: origin and effect .................................................................................... 4-30 Table 4-3 Causes of coupling paths......................................................................................................... 4-31 Table 5-1 RF 310-R indicators ..............................................
Table of contents vi RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, --
1 Introduction Purpose of this document This system manual contains all the information needed to plan and configure the system. It is intended both for programming and testing/debugging personnel who commission the system themselves and connect it with other units (automation systems, further programming devices), as well as for service and maintenance personnel who install expansions or carry out fault/error analyses.
Introduction 1.1 Navigating in the system manual 1.1 1.1 Navigating in the system manual Structure of contents Contents Contents Organization of the documentation, including the index of pages and chapters Introduction Purpose, layout and description of the important topics. Safety information Refers to all the valid technical safety aspects which have to be adhered to while installing, commissioning and operating the product/system and with reference to statutory regulations.
Safety information 2 Caution Please observe the safety instructions on the back cover of this documentation. SIMATIC RFID products comply with the salient safety specifications to IEC, VDE, EN, UL and CSA. If you have questions about the admissibility of the installation in the designated environment, please contact your service representative. Caution Alterations to the devices are not permitted.
Safety information System expansion Only install system expansion devices designed for this device. If you install other upgrades, you may damage the system or violate the safety requirements and regulations for radio frequency interference suppression. Contact your technical support team or your sales outlet to find out which system upgrades are suitable for installation. Caution If you cause system defects by installing or exchanging system expansion devices, the warranty becomes void.
3 System overview 3.1 3.1 RFID systems RFID systems from Siemens control and optimize material flow. They identify reliably, quickly and economically, are insensitive to contamination and store data directly on the product. Identification system Frequency Max. range Max. memory Data transfer rate (typical) in byte/s Max. temperature Special features RF 300 13.56 MHz 0.
System overview 3.2 RF 300 3.2 3.2 RF 300 SIMATIC RF 300 is an inductive identification system specially designed for use in industrial production for the control and optimization of material flow. Thanks to its compact components it is particularly suited to small assembly lines and conveyor systems with restricted space for installation. The rugged components feature an attractive price/performance ratio. 3.2.
System overview 3.2 RF 300 3.2.2 RFID components and their function RF 300 system components [,4 6HQVH IRU (7 0 RQ 6 ZLWK )& ,4 6HQVH LQWHUIDFH 3& LQWHUIDFH WKLUG SDUW\ 3/& 6HULDO DV\QFKURQRXV LQWHUIDFH 56 56 5) 5 5) 5 $60 IRU 6,0$7,& 6 $60 IRU 352),%86 '3 9 5) 5 5) 5 5) 5 3RZHU DQG GDWD WUDQVPLVVLRQ 0+] +DQG WHUPLQDO 5) 7 5) 7 5) 7 5) 7 5) 7 5) 7 Communication modules A communication module (interfa
System overview 3.2 RF 300 3.2.3 Technical data RFID system RF 300 Type Inductive identification system for industrial applications Transmission frequency data/energy 13.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 4.1 4 Fundamentals of application planning Assess your application according to the following criteria, in order to choose the right SIMATIC RF 300 components: • Transmission distance (read/write distance) • Tracking tolerances • Static or dynamic data transfer • Data volume to be transferred • Speed in case of dynamic transfer • Metal-free rooms for transponders and readers • Ambient conditions such as relative humidity, temperature, chemical impacts, etc.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning 4.1.1 Transmission window and read/write distance The reader generates an inductive alternating field. The field is strongest near to the reader. The strength of the field decreases in proportion to the distance from the reader. The distribution of the field depends on the structure and geometry of the antennas in the reader and transponder.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning From the diagram above, it can also be seen that operation is possible within the area between Sa and Sg. The active operating area reduces as the distance increases, and shrinks to a single point at distance Sg. Only static mode should thus be used in the area between Sa and Sg. 4.1.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning 4.1.4 Permissible directions of motion of the transponder Active area and direction of motion of the transponder The transponder and reader have no polarization axis, i.e. the transponder can come in from any direction, be placed at any position, and cross the transmission window.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning 4.1.5 Operation in static and dynamic mode Operation in static mode If working in static mode, the transponder can be operated up to the limit distance (Sg). The transponder must then be positioned exactly over the reader: 7UDQVSRQGHU 7UDQVPLVVLRQ ZLQGRZ 6J 5HDGHUV Figure 4-3 Operation in static mode Operation in dynamic mode When working in dynamic mode, the transponder moves past the reader.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning 4.1.6 Dwell time of the transponder The dwell time is the time in which the transponder dwells within the transmission window of a reader. The reader can exchange data with the transponder during this time.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning 4.1.7 Communication between communication module, reader and transponder Communication with RF 310-R Communication between the communication module (IQ Sense), RF 310-R reader and transponders takes place in fixed telegram cycles. 3 cycles of approximately 3 ms are always needed for the transfer of a read or write command. 1 or 2 bytes of user data can be transferred with each of these commands.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning Time constants K and tWord K (ms) tWord (ms) Command 9 18 Read 9 27 Write (EEPROM area) 9 18 Write (FRAM area) The table of time constants applies to every command. If a user command consists of several subcommands, the above tK formula must be applied to each subcommand.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning 4.1.8 Calculation example A transport system moves pallets with transponders at a maximum velocity of VTPDR = 0.14 m/s. The following RFID components were chosen: • 8xIQ-Sense module • RF 310-R reader • RF 340-T transponder Task specification a) The designer of the plant is to be given mechanical specifications. b) The programmer should be given the maximum number of words in dynamic mode.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning Determine tolerance of pallet transport height 'LUHFWLRQ RI PRWLRQ 7UDQVSRQGHU + + 6D + PP 5HDGHUV VLGH YLHZ Figure 4-5 Tolerance of pallet transport height Determine tolerance of pallet side transport 'LUHFWLRQ RI PRWLRQ RI WKH WUDQVSRQGHU 7UDQVSRQGHU &HQWHU OLQH RI WUDQVSRQGHU DQG UHDGHU 5HDGHUV 7ROHUDQFH EDQG RI VLGH WUDQVSRUW % ZLGWK RI WKH WUDQVPLVVLRQ ZLQGRZ LQ G\QDPLF PRGH % Figure 4-6 Tolerance of pa
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning Calculation of the maximum amount of user data in dynamic mode Step Formula/calculation 1. Refer to the "Field data of all transponders and readers" table for value L. Calculate dwell time of the transponder Value VTPDR = 0.14m/s tv = 2. L ⋅ 0,8 0, 04m ⋅ 0,8 = = 0, 228s = 228ms vTPDR 0,14m / s Calculate maximum user data (nmax) Take value tv from Step 1. for reading Take values K and t Word from Table "Time constants K and t Word".
RF 300 system planning 4.2 Field data of transponders and readers 4.2 4.2 Field data of transponders and readers The following table shows the field data for all SIMATIC RF 300 components of transponders and readers. It facilitates the correct selection of a transponder and reader. All the technical data listed are typical data and are applicable for an ambient temperature of between 0 C and +50 °C, a supply voltage of between 22 V and 27 V DC and a metal-free environment.
RF 300 system planning 4.3 Impact of the data volume on the transponder speed with RF 310-R (IQ-Sense) 4.3 4.3 Impact of the data volume on the transponder speed with RF 310-R (IQ-Sense) The curves shown here show the relationship between the speed of the RF 320 and RF 340 transponders and the volume of data transferred.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines 4.4 4.4.1 4.4 Installation guidelines Overview The transponder and reader are inductive devices. Any type of metal, in particular iron and ferromagnetic materials, in the vicinity of these devices will affect their operation.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines 4.4.2 Reduction of interference due to metal Interference due to metal rack 0HWDO UDFN Problem 1RQ PHWDOOLF VSDFHU A metal rack is located above the transmission window of the reader. This affects the entire field. In particular, the transmission window between reader and transponder is reduced. 6KHHW 7UDQVSRQGHU 6D 5HDGHUV 0HWDO Remedy: 7UDQVSRQGHU The transmission window is no longer affected if the transponder is mounted differently.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines Flush-mounting Flush-mounting of transponders and readers Problem 1RQ PHWDOOLF VSDFHU Flush-mounting of transponders and readers is possible in principle. However, the size of the transmission window is significantly reduced. The following measures can be used to counteract the reduction of the window: 6KHHW 0HWDO 5HDGHUV 0HWDO Remedy: Enlargement of the non-metallic spacer below the transponder and/or reader.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines Mounting of several readers on metal frames or racks Any reader mounted on metal couples part of the field to the metal frame. There is normally no interaction as long as the minimum distance D and metal-free areas a, b are maintained. However, interaction may take place if an iron frame is positioned unfavorably. Longer data transfer times or sporadic error messages at the communication module are the result.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines 4.4.3 Effects of metal on different transponders and readers Mounting different transponders on metal or flush-mounting Not all transponders can be mounted directly on metal. For more information, please refer to the descriptions of the individual transponders in the relevant sections. The following section illustrates various possibilities for mounting, allowing for the effect of metal on the particular transponder.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines Transponders which cannot be mounted directly on metal Any transponder whose operation is interrupted by direct contact with metal cannot be mounted directly on metal. The applicable minimum distance to metal must be maintained for the relevant transponder. Mounting of a transponder on metal with a non-metallic spacer K ! PP 'DWD PHPRU\ 0HWDO 1RQ PHWDO 0HWDO K ! PP 'DWD PHPRU\ If the minimum guide values (a, h) are not observed, a significant r
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines The impact of metal on the field data (Sg, Sa, L, B) is shown in tabular and graphical format in this section. The values in the table describe the reduction of the field data in % with reference to non-metal (100 % means no impact).
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders 4.5 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders The following table provides an overview of the chemical resistance of the data memories made of glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (E624). The plastic housing has a notably high resistance to chemicals used in automobiles (e.g.: oil, grease, diesel fuel, gasoline, etc,); these are not specified separately.
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders Concentration Chlorobenzene 20°C 40°C J Chloride (ammonium, Na.a.) J Chloroform j Chlorophyl J Chlorosulphonic acid 100 % Chlorine water (saturated solution) j F Chromate (K–, Na.a.) Up to 50 % Chromic acid Up to 30 % Chromosulphuric acid J j j Citric acid J Cyanamide J Cyanide (K–, Na.a.
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders Concentration 20°C Mineral oils J Nitroglycerine j Oxalic acid J 1% J Phosphate (ammonium, Na.a.) Phosphoric acid J 50 % 85 % Propanol J J J Nitric acid 25 % j Hydrochloric acid 10 % j Brine Sulphur dioxide j 100 % Carbon disulfide 100 % Sulphuric acid 60°C J Nitrate (ammonium, K.a.) Phenol 40°C F j 40 % Sulphurous acid j F Soap solution J Sulfate (ammonium, Na.a.) J Sulfite (ammonium, Na.a.
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders RF 340-T transponder The following table gives an overview of the chemical composition of the data memories made from polyamide 12. The plastic housing has a notably high resistance to chemicals used in automobiles (e.g.: oil, grease, diesel fuel, gasoline, etc,); these are not specified separately. Battery acid Concentration 20°C 30 F j J J J J Ammonia gas Ammonia, w. conc. 10 J J Benzol J Y Bleach solution (12.
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders Concentration Hydrochloric acid Sulphur dioxide Sulphuric acid Hydrogen sulphide 20°C 60 °C 10 f j Low J J 25 F j 10 Y j Low J J Carbon tetrachloride J J Toluene J Y Detergent High Plasticizer J J J J Abbreviations J Resistant Y Virtually resistant F Partially resistant f Less resistant j Not resistant w. Aqueous solution c.s.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines 4.6 4.6.1 4.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines 4.6.2 Definition The increasing use of electrical and electronic devices is accompanied by: • Increasing density of components • Increasing power electronics • Increasing switching rates • Lower power consumption of components The higher the degree of automation, the greater the risk of interaction between devices.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines 4.6.3 Basic rules It is often sufficient to follow a few elementary rules in order to ensure electromagnetic compatiblity (EMC). The following rules must be observed when erecting a control cabinet: Shielding by enclosure • Protect the programmable logic controller against external interference by installing it in a housing or enclosure. The housing or enclosure must be connected to the chassis ground.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines Line and signal filter • Use only line filters with metal housings • Connect the filter housing to the cabinet chassis using a large-area low-HF-impedance connection. • Never fix the filter housing to a painted surface. • Fix the filter at the control cabinet inlet or in the direction of the source. 4.6.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines Interference sources In order to achieve a high level of electromagnetic compatibility and thus a very low level of disturbance in a plant, it is necessary to recognize the most frequent interference sources. These must then be eliminated by appropriate measures.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines Coupling paths A coupling path has to be present before the disturbance emitted by the interference source can affect the system.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines 4.6.5 Cabinet configuration The influence of the user in the configuration of an electromagnetically compatible plant encompasses cabinet configuration, cable installation, ground connections and correct shielding of cables. Note For information about electromagnetically compatible cabinet configuration, please consult the installation guidelines for SIMATIC PLCs.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines Prevention of interference by optimum configuration Good interference suppression can be achieved by installing SIMATIC PLCs on conducting mounting plates (unpainted). When setting up the control cabinet, interference can be prevented easily by observing certain guidelines. Power components (transformers, drive units, load power supply units) should be arranged separately from the control components (relay control unit, SIMATIC S7). As a rule: 1.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines Filtering of the supply voltage External interference from the mains can be prevented by installing line filters. Correct installation is extremely important, in addition to appropriate dimensioning. It is essential that the line filter is mounted directly at the cabinet inlet. As a result, interference is filtered promptly at the inlet, and is not conducted through the cabinet.
