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AN93

Si2493/Si2457/Si2434/Si2415/Si2404 Modem Designer’s Guide

Introduction

This application note is intended to supplement the

Si2493/Si2457/Si2434/Si2415 and Si2404 data sheets

and is divided into two sections: The “Hardware Design

Reference” and the “Software Design Reference”. The

Hardware Design Reference provides functional

descriptions and information necessary to design

ISOmodem

hardware. Chipset specifications can be

found in the respective data sheets. The Software

Design Reference includes information on how to

control the functionality of the modem with AT

commands and register settings. Particular topics of

interest in either design reference can be easily located

through the “Table of Contents” or the comprehensive

index located at the back of this document.

The Hardware Design Reference is divided into three

sections. The first section describes the modulations

and protocols supported by the chipset. The modem

and DAA chip operation is described, and a reference

design including a suggested bill-of-materials is

presented. Silicon Laboratories also has printed circuit

board layout files available separately. These include

double-sided and single-sided layouts with options for

through-hole isolation components. Additionally,

evaluation boards, useful for evaluating the modem

chipset or for initial prototyping work, are available.

Check with your Silicon Laboratories salesperson or

distributor for more details.

The Software Design Reference consists of sections

focused on the modem controller, memory, and digital

interface. The modem controller section includes a

complete description of AT commands, “fast connect”

options, transparent HDLC/V.80 mode, escape

methods, and default settings. The memory section

describes the EEPROM interface, S-Registers, and U-

Registers including bit-mapped registers used to

configure both the modem chip and the line-side DAA

chip. The digital interface chapter provides details about

the serial and parallel interface capability of the modem.

Additionally, there are several programming examples,

a section on testing, and a comprehensive section with

configuration settings for most countries.

Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram

Serial

Interface

Parallel

Interface

Microcontroller

DSP

DAA

Interface

RAM/ROM

PLL

Clocking

CLKIN/XTALI XTALO

CLKOUT/EECS/A0

RXD

TXD

CTS

RTS

DCD

ESC

INT

RESET

AOUT

Data Bus

D0-D7

ISOB

Si2493/57/34/15/04

Si3018*

Isolation

Interface

Hybrid

and dc

Termination

Ring Detect

Off-Hook

TIP

RING

External

Circuitry

Isolation Barrier

*Si3010 with Si2404

Summary of content (172 pages)

PAGE 1
AN93 S i 2 4 9 3 / S i 2 4 5 7 / S i 2 4 3 4 / S i 2 4 1 5 / S i 2 4 0 4 M o d e m D e s i g n e r ’s G u i d e Introduction double-sided and single-sided layouts with options for through-hole isolation components. Additionally, evaluation boards, useful for evaluating the modem chipset or for initial prototyping work, are available. Check with your Silicon Laboratories salesperson or distributor for more details.
PAGE 2
AN93 TA B L E O F C O N T E N TS Section Page Hardware Design Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Modulations and Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Modem and DAA Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Modem (System-Side) Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PAGE 3
AN93 Firmware Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 EEPROM Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Detailed EEPROM Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 S-Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PAGE 4
AN93 Country Register Settings for Jordan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Country Register Settings for Lithuania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Country Register Settings for Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138 Country Register Settings for Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PAGE 5
AN93 Hardware Design Reference The Si2493/57/34/15/04 chipset family consists of a 24pin TSSOP low-voltage modem device (Si2493/57/34/ 15/04) and a 16-pin SOIC line-side DAA device (Si3018/10) connecting directly with the telephone local loop (TIP and RING). This modem solution is a complete hardware (controller-based) modem that connects to a host processor through a serial or parallel interface.
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AN93 Table 2. Modulations and Protocols Protocol Function Si2493 Si2457 Si2434 Si2415 Si2404 V.44 Compression V.42bis Compression V.42 Error Correction D D D D D D D D D D D MNP5 Compression D D D D MNP2-4 Error Correction D D D D D Note: While the Si2493/57/34/15/04 family allows any supported protocol with any modulation, some other manufacturers’ modems may not permit some combinations. This is particularly common with 300 bps modulations. Table 3.
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AN93 Modem and DAA Operation Crystal Oscillator This section describes hardware design requirements for optimum Si2493/57/34/15/04 modem chipset implementation. There are three important considerations for any hardware design. First, the reference design and components listed in the associated bill-of-materials should be followed exactly. These designs reflect field experience with millions of deployed units throughout the world and are optimized for cost and performance.
PAGE 8
RESET_ RTS_/D7 RXD/RD_ TXD/WR_ CTS_/CS_/ALE_ CLKOUT/A0/EECS INT_/D0 RI_/D1 EESD/D2 EECLK/D5/RXCLK DCD_/D4 ESC/D3 AOUT/INT_ alt_RI_/D6/TXCLK 12 8 9 10 11 3 16 17 18 24 23 22 15 4 5 21 U3 RESET RTS/D7 RXD/RD TXD/WR CTS/CS/ALE CLKOUT/A0/EECS 13 14 2 1 C51 C53 Y1 C2 C1 R9 C5 Bias C6 10 7 4 6 5 VREG2 VREG IB C2B C1B U2 8 9 1 12 13 16 14 2 3 Si3018 RNG1 RNG2 QE QE2 QB DCT2 DCT3 DCT RX C4 R1 Q5 R10 C7 Ring Detect/CID R2 R11 DC Term ACT Q4 R4 R7
PAGE 9
AN93 Power Supply and Bias Circuitry (Si2493/ 57/34/15/04) System Interface Power supply bypassing is important for the proper operation of the Si2493/57/34/15/04, the suppression of unwanted radiation and prevention of interfering signals and noise from being coupled into the modem via the power supply. C50 and C52 provide filtering of the 3.3 V system power and must be located as close to the Si2493/57/34/15/04 chip as possible to minimize lead lengths.
PAGE 10
AN93 Ringer Network R7 and R8 comprise the ringer network. These components determine the modem’s on-hook impedance at TIP and RING. These components are selected to present a high impedance to the line, and care must be taken to ensure the circuit board area around these components is clean and free of contaminants, such as solder flux and solder flakes. Leakage on RNG1 (Si3018/10 pin 8) and RNG2 (Si3018/10 pin 9) can impair modem performance.
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AN93 Figure 3. Typical Loop Voltage LVCS Transfer Function Overload 30 25 CTR21 20 LVCS BITS 15 10 5 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90 93 140 Loop Current (mA) Figure 4. Typical Loop Current LVCS Transfer Function Table 4. Loop Current Transfer Function LVCS[4:0] Condition 00000 Insufficient line current for normal operation. Use the DOD bit (Register 19, bit 1) to determine if a line is still connected.
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AN93 Hookswitch and DCTermination The hookswitch and dc termination circuitry are shown in Figure 2 on page 8. Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, R5. R6, R7, R8, R15, R16, R17, R19, and R24 perform the hookswitch function. The on-hook/off-hook condition of the modem is controlled by Si3018/10 pins 13 (QB) and 1 (QE). For applications requiring current limiting per the legacy TBR21 standard, the ILIM bit may be set to select this mode.
PAGE 13
AN93 The MINI[1:0] bits select the minimum operational loop current for the DAA, and the DCV[1:0] bits adjust the DCT pin voltage, which affects the TIP/RING voltage of the DAA. These bits allow important trade-offs to be made between signal headroom and minimum operational loop current. Increasing TIP/RING voltage increases signal headroom, whereas decreasing the TIP/RING voltage allows compliance to PTT standards in low-voltage countries, such as Japan.
PAGE 14
AN93 The OVL bit should be polled following billing tone detection. When the OVL bit returns to 0, indicating that the billing tone has passed, the BTE bit should be written to 0 to return the dc termination to its original state. It takes approximately 1 second to return to normal dc operating conditions. The BTD and ROV bits are sticky and must be written to 0 to be reset. After the BTE, ROV, and BTD bits are all cleared, the BTE bit can be set to reenable billing tone detection.
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5(6(7B 576B ' 5;' 5'B 7;' :5B &76B &6B $/(B &/.287 $ ((&6 ,17B ' 5,B ' ((6' ' ((&/. ' 5;&/. '&'B ' (6& ' $287 ,17B DOWB5,B ' 7;&/. 5(6(7 576 ' 5;' 5' 7;' :5 &76 &6 $/( &/.287 $ ((&6 & 6L & $ & $ ((&/. ' 5;&/. '&' ' &/.,1 ;7$/, (6& ' $287 ,17 DOWB5, ' 7;&/.
PAGE 16
AN93 Bill of Materials: Si2493/57/34/15/04 Chipset Component Value Supplier(s) C1, C2 33 pF, Y2, X7R, ±20% Panasonic, Murata, Vishay C3 10 nF, 250 V, X7R, ±10% Venkel, SMEC C4 1.0 µF, 50 V, Elec/Tant, ±20% Panasonic C5, C6, C50, C52 0.1 µF, 16 V, X7R, ±20% Venkel, SMEC C7 2.7 nF, 50 V, X7R, ±20% Venkel, SMEC C8, C9 680 pF, Y2, X7R, ±10% Panasonic, Murata, Vishay 0.01 µF, 16 V, X7R, ±20% Venkel, SMEC C40, C41 33 pF, 16 V, X7R, ±20% Venkel, SMEC C51, C53 0.
PAGE 17
AN93 Analog Output Figure 8 illustrates an optional application circuit to support the analog output capability of the Si2493/57/34/15/04 for call progress monitoring purposes. +5 V C2 R3 3 AOU T 2 C6 6 + – C4 + 5 4 U1 R1 C5 C3 Speaker R2 Figure 8. Optional Connection to AOUT for a Monitoring Speaker Table 8. Component Values—Optional Connection to AOUT Symbol Value C2, C3, C5 0.1 µF, 16 V, ±20% C4 100 µF, 16 V, Elec.
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AN93 Software Design Reference Introduction This section provides information about the architecture of the modem, the functional blocks, registers, and their interaction. The AT command set is presented and options are explained. The accessible memory locations (S-Registers and U-Registers) and optional external EEPROM are described. Instructions for writing to and reading from them are discussed along with any limitations or special considerations.
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AN93 XTI EEPROM Interface Si3018/10 C2 To Phone Line AOUT Parallel Interface ROM RAM RESET FSYNC SDO SDI MCLK C1 DAA Interface DSP Serial Interface/ UART Data Bus Program Bus EESD EECLK EECS RXD TXD CTS RTS DCD ESC RI INT CS WR RD A0 D0-D7 PLL Clocking Controller CLKOUT XTO Si3000 Interface Figure 9.
PAGE 20
AN93 Error Correction The Si2493/57/34/15/04 ISOmodem can employ error correction (reliable) protocols to ensure error-free delivery of data sent between two modems. The error control methods are based on grouping data into frames with checksums determined by the contents of each frame. The receiving modem checks the frames and sends acknowledgments to the transmitting modem. When it detects a faulty frame, the receiving modem requests a re-transmission.
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AN93 Table 10. Synchronous Mode Overview Synchronous Mode U-Register AT+ES Settings Neither U7A[2] = 0 +ES = D,,D Legacy Synchronous DCE Mode U7A[2] = 1 +ES = D,,D Synchronous Access Mode Table 11. Fast Connect/Legacy Synchronous DCE Protocol DCE Register Settings All Normal, Asynchronous &Hn, \N0, AT+ES = D,,D V.22, Bell212, V.22bis Normal, Transparent HDLC &H6, 7, 8, \N0 U7A = 0002, AT+ES = D,,D Bell103, V.21 Fast connect, Asynchronous &H9, 10, \N0 U7A = 0001, AT+ES = D,,D V.
PAGE 22
AN93 The “n” in the /Zn and /Tn is a single-byte, host-defined tag that can be used to track multiple HDLC frames. To facilitate transmit flow control, the modem sends the /S and /Q metacharacters to the host. If the transmit buffer (512 bytes) is three quarters full, the /S metacharacter is sent to the host. The host must then stop transmitting. When the transmit buffer empties down to half full, the /Q metacharacter is sent to the host to indicate that it is okay to begin transmitting again.
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AN93 V.80 Mode As shown in Table 13, the synchronous access mode is chosen by using the AT+ES=6,,8 command setting. When using the synchronous access mode, it is expected that the AT\N0 command be used to disable all other error correction protocols that may interfere with V.80 synchronous access mode operation. The V.80 Mode has two distinct submodes. Switching between these two submodes can be accomplished within the confines of the same connection through the use of In-Band commands.
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AN93 Table 15.
PAGE 25
AN93 Given the example initialization settings shown in Table 14, after an ATDT command has been sent to establish a connection, the modem responds with the following. ATDT12345 CONNECT 1200 PROTOCOL: NONE <0x19> <0xBE> <0x20> <0x20> <0x19> <0xB1> The first indicator shows that the modem connected with a TX rate of 1200 bps, and an RX rate of 1200 bps.
PAGE 26
AN93 frame is terminated with an or . The host should also expect to occasionally see the indicator if the sending modem experienced a transmitter underrun or overrun problem. can also be followed by an ATO command if it is desired that the connection be resumed. In general, the RTS flow control is not used. However, if it is used, and if RTS is negated for too long of a time, eventually, the receive buffers will overflow.
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AN93 Table 18. Multiple AT Commands on a Single Line The examples in Table 17 assume the modem is reset to its default condition. Each command is followed by a carriage return. Command Table 17. Command Examples ATS0=4 Command Result Comment AT$ E = 001 Configuration status of basic AT commands. M = 000 V = 001 X = 004 Y = 000 &D = 001 &G = 017 Same as above.
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AN93 This restriction also applies to all commands beginning with the “+” character (eg. +VCID). For example, AT:U42,0022:U43,0010 is an illegal command and causes unpredictable behavior. Also, \Tn commands may not be used on the same command line as an :U or :R command. The AT command execution time is less than 200 ms. The host must wait for a response after each command (e.g., “OK”) before issuing additional commands.
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AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set Command Action $ Display Basic AT command mode settings (see text for details). A Answer incoming call. A/ Re-execute last command (executes immediately—not preceded by “AT” or followed by ).
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AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command Action I0 Display Si2493/57/34/15/04 revision code. A = Revision A. B = Revision B, etc. I1 Display Si2493/57/34/15/04 firmware revision code (numeric). I3 Display line-side revision code. 18(10)C = Si3018/10 revision C. I6 Display the ISOmodem model number. 2404 = Si2404 2415 = Si2415 2434 = Si2434 2457 = Si2457 2493 = Si2493 I7 Diagnostic Results 1.
PAGE 31
AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command Action Q1 Disable result codes. (Enable quiet mode.) Sn S-Register operations. (See Table 32.) S$ List contents of all S-registers. Sn? Display contents of S-register n. Sn=x Set S-register n to value x. (n and x are decimal values.) Vn Result code type. (See Table 24.) V0 Numeric result codes. V1 Verbal result codes.
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AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command Action :U U-Register Write—This command writes to the 16-bit U-Registers. The format is AT:Uaa,xxxx,yyyy,zzzz,..., where aa = user-access address in hexadecimal. xxxx = data in hexadecimal to be written to location aa. yyyy = data in hexadecimal to be written to location (aa + 1). zzzz = data in hexadecimal to be written to location (aa + 2). etc. Only one :U command is allowed per AT command line. +DR=X Data compression reporting.
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AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command Action +DS44 = Controls V.44 data compression function*. A,B,C,D,E,F,G, A Direction H,I 0 No compression (V.42bis P0 = 0) 1 Transmit only 2 Receive only 3 Both Directions (V.42bis P0 = 11) B Compression_negotiation 0 Do not disconnect if Rec. V.42 is not negotiated 1 Disconnect is Rec. V.
PAGE 34
AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command Action +ESA = Synchronous access mode control options A,B,C,D,E,F,G A – Specifies action taken if an underrun condition occurs during transparent sub-mode 0 = Modem transmits 8-bit SYN sequences (see +ESA[G]) on idle. B – Specifies action taken if an underrun condition occurs after a flag during framed submode 0 = Modem transmits 8-bit HDLC flags on idle.
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AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command +GCI = X Action Country settings - Automatically configure all registers for a particular country.
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AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command Action +GCI = ? List all possible country code settings. +IFC Options +IFC = A +IFC = A,B Specifies the flow control to be implemented. A Specifies the flow control method used by the host to control data from the modem 0 None 1 Local XON/OFF flow control. Does not pass XON/XOFF character to the remote modem.
PAGE 37
AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command Action +PCW = X Controls the action to be taken upon detection of call waiting. X Mode 0 Toggle RI and collect type II Caller ID if enabled by +VCID. 1 Hang up. 2 Ignore call waiting. +PIG=X Controls the use of PCM upstream in a V.92 DCE. X Mode 0 Enable PCM upstream. 1 Disable PCM upstream. +PMH=X Controls the modem-on-hold procedures. X Mode 0 Enables V.92 MOH. 1 Disables V.92 MOH. +PMHF=X V.92 MOH hook flash.
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AN93 Table 20. Basic AT Command Set (Continued) Command Action +PMHT=X Controls access to MOH request and sets the timeout value. X Mode 0 Deny V.92 MOH request. 1 Grant MOH with 10 s timeout. 2 Grant MOH with 20 s timeout. 3 Grant MOH with 30 s timeout. 4 Grant MOH with 40 s timeout. 5 Grant MOH with 1 min. timeout. 6 Grant MOH with 2 min. timeout. 7 Grant MOH with 3 min. timeout. 8 Grant MOH with 4 min. timeout. 9 Grant MOH with 6 min. timeout. 10 Grant MOH with 8 min. timeout.
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AN93 Extended AT Commands The extended AT commands, described in Tables 21–23, are supported by the Si2493/57/34/15/04. Table 21. Extended AT& Command Set Command &$ Action Display AT& current settings (see text for details). &D0 ESC (pin 22) is not used &D1 ESC (pin 22) escapes to command mode from data mode if also enabled by HES U70, bit 15. &D2 ESC (pin 22) assertion during a modem connection causes the modem to go on-hook and return to command mode.
PAGE 40
AN93 Table 21. Extended AT& Command Set (Continued) &H3 V.34 only (33.6 kbps to 2400 bps). &H4 ITU-T V.32bis with automatic fallback (14.4 kbps to 300 bps) (default for Si2415). &H5 ITU-T V.32bis only (14.4 kbps to 4800 bps). &H6 ITU-T V.22bis only (2400 bps or 1200 bps) (default for Si2404). &H7 ITU-T V.22 only (1200 bps). &H8 Bell 212 only (1200 bps). &H9 Bell 103 only (300 bps). &H10 ITU-T V.21 only (300 bps). &H11 V.23 (1200/75 bps). &H12 V.
PAGE 41
AN93 Table 21. Extended AT& Command Set (Continued) &X1 Automatic determination of telephone line type. Result code: WXYZn W: 0 = line supports DTMF dialing. 1 = line is pulse dial only. X: 0 = line supports 20 pps dialing. 1 = line supports 10 pps dialing only. Y: 0 = extension network present (PBX). 1 = outside line (PSTN) connected directly. Z: 0 = continuous dialtone. 1 = make-break dialtone. n: 0–9 (number required for outside line if Y = 0).1 &X2 Same as &X1, but Y result (PBX) is not tested.
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AN93 Table 22. Extended AT% Command Set Command Action %$ Display AT% command settings (see text for details). %B Report blacklist. See also S42 register. %Cn Data compression. %C0 Disable V.42bis and MNP5 data compression. %C1 Enable V.42bis in transmit and receive paths. If MNP is selected (\N2), %C1 enables MNP5 in transmit and receive paths. %C2 Enable V.42bis in transmit path only. %C3 Enable V.42bis in receive path only. %On Answer mode.
PAGE 43
AN93 Table 22. Extended AT% Command Set (Continued) %V2 Automatic Line Status Detection - Adaptive Method. Description: Before going off-hook with the ATD, ATO, or ATA commands, the Si2493/57/34/15/04 compares the line voltage (via LVCS) to the NLIU (U85) register: Loop Voltage Action 0 ≤ LVCS ≤ (0.0625 x NLIU) Report “NO LINE” and remain on-hook. (0.0625 x NLIU) < LVCS ≤ (0.85 x NLIU) Report “LINE IN USE” and remain on-hook. (0.85 x NLIU) < LCVS Go off-hook and establish a modem connection.
PAGE 44
AN93 The connect messages shown in Table 23 are sent when link negotiation is complete. Table 23. Extended AT\ Command Set Command \$ Action Display AT\ command settings (see text for details). \Bn Character length is automatically set in autobaud mode.
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AN93 Table 23. Extended AT\ Command Set (Continued) \P3 Mark. \Qn Modem-to-DTE flow control. \Q0 Disable all flow control—This may only be used if the DTE speed and the line (DCE) speed are guaranteed to match throughout the call. \Q2 Use CTS only. \Q3 Use RTS/CTS. \Q4 Enable XON/XOFF flow control for modem-to-DTE interface. Does not enable modem-to-modem flow control. \Tn DTE rate.2 \T0 300 bps. \T1 600 bps. \T2 1200 bps. \T3 2400 bps. \T4 4800 bps. \T5 7200 bps. \T6 9600 bps.
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AN93 Table 23. Extended AT\ Command Set (Continued) \T16 Autobaud On.4 \T17 Autobaud Off. Lock at current baud rate. \U Serial mode—causes a low pulse (25 ms) on RI and DCD. INT to be the inverse of ESC. RTS to be inverse of CTS. Parallel mode—causes a low pulse (25 ms) on INT. This command terminates with a RESET and does not generate an “OK” message. \Vn Connect message type. \V0 Report connect and protocol message. \V2 Report connect message only (exclude protocol message).
PAGE 47
AN93 Table 24.
PAGE 48
AN93 Table 24. Result Codes (Continued) Numeric4 Meaning Verbal Response X0 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 33 Overcurrent condition X2 X X X X X X 40 Blacklist is full BLACKLIST FULL (enabled via S42 register) X X X X X X 41 Attempted number is black- BLACKLISTED (enabled via listed.
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AN93 Table 24. Result Codes (Continued) Numeric4 Meaning Verbal Response X0 X1 X2 X3 X4 82 MNP4 protocol PROTOCOL: ALTERNATE, +CLASS 4 Set with \V command. 83 MNP5 protocol PROTOCOL: ALTERNATE, +CLASS 55 Set with \V command. 84 V.44 protocol PROTOCOL: V.
PAGE 50
AN93 Table 25. Disconnect Codes Disconnect Code 8002 8 8008 9 8009 Handshake stalled. No dialtone detected. No line available. No loop current detected. Parallel phone pickup disconnect. A No ringback. B Busy signal detected. D V.42 requested disconnect. E MNP requested disconnect. 10 Drop dead timer disconnect. 8014 Loop current loss. 8017 Remote modem requested disconnect. 8018, 8019 Soft reset command received. 1a V.42 Protocol error. 1b MNP Protocol error.
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AN93 Escape Methods “9th Bit” Escape There are four ways to escape from data mode and return to command mode once a connection is established. Three of these, “+++”, “9th Bit”, and the “Escape Pin”, allow the connection to be maintained while one or both modems are in the command mode. These three escape methods can be concurrently enabled, and any enabled escape method functions. For example, if “+++” and the “Escape Pin” are both enabled, either returns the modem to the command mode from the data mode.
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AN93 UART Tim ing for Modem Transm it Path (9N1 Mode with 9th Bit Escape) 9-Bit Data Mode TX Start D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 t RTS D7 ESC Stop t CTH CTS Figure 12. “9th Bit” Escape Timing Sleep Mode The Si2493/57/34/15/04 can be set to enter a low power sleep mode when not connected and after a period of inactivity determined by the S24 register.
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AN93 Table 26. Si2493/57/34/15/04 Pull-Downs and Features Mode Pin4 Pin9 Pin10 Pin11 Pin15 Pin18 Pin23 Serial, EEPROM, 27MHz, Autobaud 0 1 X 1 1 1 0 Serial, EEPROM, 27MHz, 19.2K DTE 0 1 X 1 1 0 0 Serial, EEPROM, 4.9152MHz, Autobaud 0 1 X 1 1 1 1 Serial, EEPROM, 4.9152MHz, 19.2K DTE 0 1 X 1 1 0 1 Serial, 27MHz, Autobaud 1 1 X 1 1 1 0 Serial, 27MHz, 19.2K DTE 1 1 X 1 1 0 0 Serial, 4.9152MHz, Autobaud 1 1 X 1 1 1 1 Serial, 4.9152MHz, 19.
PAGE 54
AN93 bit-mapped U-Register is always read from or written to the Si2493/57/34/15/04 in hexadecimal. Bits within bit-mapped registers are identified in this document as the register type (i.e., U) followed by the last two digits of the register’s hexadecimal address, the bit or bit range within the register in brackets, and finally the bit or bit range “name” in parenthesis. Example: U67[6](OHS) or U67[3:2](DCT).
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AN93 AT25080—AT25640 Atmel The EEPROM must be between 8192 and 65536 bits in size and support the commands given in Table 28. The EEPROM must also support 16-bit addressing regardless of size, allow a minimum clock frequency of 1 MHz, and should assert its output on falling edges of EECLK and latch input data on rising edges of EECLK.
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AN93 Table 29. EEPROM Timing Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit EECLK period ECLK 1.
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AN93 Detailed EEPROM Examples EEPROM Data is stored and read in hex ascii format in eight address blocks beginning at a specified hex address. For example, the AT:M0000,y0,y1,y2,y3,y4,y5,y6,y7 command writes the hex values y0…y7 at the hex addresses from 0000 to 0007, respectively. The AT:E0000 command reads the hex values y0…y7 from the hex addresses 0000 to 0007, respectively. has the format: BOOT.
PAGE 58
AN93 AT:U4D,001 The AT commands required to load the firmware upgrade manually are: AT*Y254:W0050,0000 This must be written to the EEPROM as ASCII hex in eight (8) address blocks. The actual AT commands to store this boot command in the EEPROM starting at hex address 0000 are: AT:PF800.08D5 AT:M0000,4E,0D,41,54,3A,55,32,43 AT*Y254:W0050,0000 AT:M0008,2C,30,30,42,30,0D,0D,30 AT:PF800.
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AN93 Table 31.
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AN93 S-Registers S-Registers are typically used to set modem configuration parameters during initialization and are not usually changed during normal modem operation. S-Register values other than defaults must be written via the ATSn=x command after every reset event. SRegisters are specified as a decimal value (S01 for example), and the contents of the register are always a decimal number.
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AN93 Table 32. S-Register Descriptions (Continued) Definition S-Register (Decimal) Function Default (Decimal) Range Units 10 Carrier loss timer—The time a remote modem carrier must be lost before the Si2493/57/34/15/04 disconnects. Setting this timer to 255 disables the timer, and the modem does not time out and disconnect. If S10 is less than S9, even a momentary loss of carrier causes a disconnect. Use for V.22bis and lower data rates. 14 1–255 0.
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AN93 Table 32. S-Register Descriptions (Continued) Definition S-Register (Decimal) Function Default (Decimal) Range Units 41 V.34 symbol rate - Symbol rate for V.34 when using the &T4 and &T5 commands. 0 – 2400 symbols/second 1 – 2743 symbols/second 2 – 2800 symbols/second 3 – 3000 symbols/second 4 – 3200 symbols/second 5 – 3429 symbols/second A valid combination of symbol rate (S41) and data rate (&G) must be selected.
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AN93 U-Registers U-Registers (user-access registers) are 16-bit registers directly written by the AT:Uaa command and read by the AT:R (read all U-Registers) or AT:Raa (read U-Register aa) commands. (See the AT command list in Table 20.) The U-Register number is the last two digits of the register’s hexadecimal address. All values associated with the U-Registers, the address, and the value written to or read from the register are hexadecimal. Some U-Registers are reserved and not available to the user.
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AN93 Table 33. U-Register Descriptions (Continued) Register Address (Hex) Name U0F 0x000F DT4A0 U10 0x0010 DT4B1 0x70D2 U11 0x0011 DT4B2 0xC830 U12 0x0012 DT4A2 0x4000 U13 0x0013 DT4A1 0x80E2 U14 0x0014 DTK U15 0x0015 U16 64 Description Dial tone detect filter stage 4 biquad coefficients. Default Value 0x0400 Dial tone detect filter output scaler. 0x0009 DTON Dial tone detect ON threshold. 0x00A0 0x0016 DTOF Dial tone detect OFF threshold.
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AN93 Table 33. U-Register Descriptions (Continued) Register Address (Hex) Name Description U2E 0x002E BMTT Busy cadence minimum total time in seconds multiplied by 7200. 0x0870 U2F 0x002F BDLT Busy cadence delta in seconds multiplied by 7200. 0x25F8 U30 0x0030 BMOT Busy cadence minimum on time in seconds multiplied by 7200. 0x0438 U31 0x0031 RMTT Ringback cadence minimum total time in seconds multiplied by 7200.
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AN93 Table 33. U-Register Descriptions (Continued) Register Address (Hex) Name U4F 0x004F FHT U50 0x0050 U51 66 Description Default Value Flash hook time—(ms units). 0x01F4 LCDN Loop current debounce on time (ms units). 0x015E 0x0051 LCDF Loop current debounce off time (ms units). 0x00C8 U52 0x0052 XMTL Transmit level adjust (1 dB units) 0x0000 U53 0x0053 MOD2 This is a bit-mapped register. 0x0000 U62 0x0062 DAAC1 This is a bit-mapped register.
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AN93 Table 33. U-Register Descriptions (Continued) Register Address (Hex) Name U87 0x0087 SAMCO U9F1 0x009F SASF UA02 0x00A0 UA12 Description Default Value This is a bit-mapped register 0x0000 SAS frequency detection. 0x0000 SC0 SAS cadence 0. Sets the duration of the first SAS tone (ms). 0x01E0 0x00A1 SC1 SAS cadence 1. Sets the duration of the first SAS silence (ms). 0x0000 UA22 0x00A2 SC2 SAS cadence 2. Sets the duration of the second SAS tone (ms).
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AN93 Table 34. Bit-Mapped U-Register Summary Reg.
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AN93 threshold, respectively. The thresholds are empirically found scalars and have no units. These coefficients are programmed as 16-bit 2’s complement values. All A0 values are in 3.12 format where 1.0 = 0x1000. All other coefficients are in 1.14 format where 1.0 = 0xC000. Default settings meet FCC requirements. Additionally, register U34 sets the time window in which dial tone can be detected.
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AN93 Settings for busy cadences are specified as a range for ON time (minimum ON and maximum ON) and a range for OFF time (minimum OFF and maximum OFF). The three values represented by BMTT, BDLT, and BMOT fully specify these ranges. BMTT, minimum total time, is equal to the minimum ON time plus the minimum OFF time. BDLT (allowable delta) is equal to the maximum total time (maximum ON time plus the maximum OFF time) minus the minimum total time (BMTT). BMOT is the minimum ON time.
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AN93 Table 37.
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AN93 Table 37. BPF Biquad Values BPF Biquad Values Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Output Scalar K — — — — 0x0005 400/440 72 A0 0x0020 0x0200 0x0400 0x0040 — B1 0x7448 0x7802 0x73D5 0x75A7 — B2 0xC0F6 0xC0CB 0xC2A4 0xC26B — A2 0x4000 0x4000 0x4000 0x4000 — A1 0x96AB 0x8359 0x8D93 0x85C1 — K — — — — 0x0008 Rev. 0.
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AN93 Example: The United States specifies a busy tone with on time from 450 to 550 ms and off time from 450 to 550 ms. Thus, minimum ON time equals 0.450 s, maximum ON time equals 0.550 s, minimum OFF time equals 0.450 sec, and maximum OFF time equals 0.550 sec. Busy Cadence Minimum Total Time = 0.450 s + 0.450 s = 0.900 s. Therefore, BMTT = (0.900)(7200)d = 0x1950. Maximum total time = 0.550 s + 0.550 s = 1100 ms, so BDLT = (1.10– 0.900)(7200)d = 0x05A0, and BMOT = (0.450)(7200)d = 0x0CA8.
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AN93 Table 39. Dial Tone Timing Register Register Name Description Default U34 DTWD Window to look for dial tone in seconds multiplied by 1000 0x1B58 U35 DMOT Minimum dial tone on time in seconds multiplied by 7200 0x2D00 U37–U45 (Pulse Dial Registers) Registers U37–U40 set the number of pulses to dial digits 0 through 9, respectively. (See Table 40.
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AN93 Table 41. DTMF Dial Registers Register Name U46 DTPL U47 U48 Description Default DTMF power level 0x09B0 DTNT DTMF on time (ms units). 0x0064 DTFT DTMF off time (ms units). 0x0064 U49–U4C (Ring Detect Registers) U49, U4A, U4B, and U4C set a representation of the maximum ring frequency, the difference between the highest and lowest valid ring frequency, minimum ring on time, and maximum ring cadence time (time on + time off), respectively.
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AN93 Table 43. Register U4D Bit Map 76 Bit Name 15 14 Reserved TOCT 13 12 Reserved NHFP 11 NHFD 10 CLPD 9 8 Reserved FTP 7 SPDM 6 5 Reserved GT18 4 GT55 3 CTE 2 1 0 Reserved Reserved Reserved Function Read returns zero. Turn Off Calling Tone. 0 = Disable. 1 = Enable. Read returns zero. No Hook-Flash Pulse. 0 = Disable. 1 = Enable. No Hook-Flash Dial. 0 = Disable. 1 = Enable. Check Loop Current Before Dialing. 0 = Ignore. 1 = Check. Read returns zero. Force Tone or Pulse. 0 = Disable.
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AN93 U4E (Pre-dial Delay Time Register) U4E sets the delay time between the ATD command carriage return and when the modem goes off-hook and starts dialing (either tone or pulse). (See Table 44.) This delay establishes the minimum time the modem must be on-hook prior to going off-hook and dialing. France, Sweden, Switzerland, and Japan have minimum onhook time requirements. The value stored in U4E is the desired delay minus 100 ms. The 100 ms offset is due to a delay inherent in the dialing algorithm.
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AN93 U53 (Modem Control Register 2) U62 (DAAC1) U53 (MOD2) is a bit-mapped register with all bits, except bit 15, reserved. (See Table 52). The AT&H11 command sets the V.23 1200/75 bps mode. Bit 15 (REV) is used to enable V.23 reversing. This bit is set to 0b (disable reversing) by default. Setting this bit to 1b enables reversing transmit and receive speeds. Reversing is initiated by the modem in the “origination mode” (low speed TX and high speed RX).
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AN93 Table 51. U63 Bit Map Bit Name Function 15:8 LCS Off-hook loop current (1.1 mA/bit). 7:4 ACT AC Termination Select. ACT AC Termination 0000 Real 600 Ω 0011 220 Ω + (820 Ω || 120 nF) and 220 Ω + (820 Ω || 115 nF) 0100 370 Ω + (620 Ω || 310 nF) 1111 Global complex impedance 3:0 Reserved Read returns 0x0003. U65 (DAAC4) U65 (DAAC4) is a bit-mapped register with bits 3:0 and 12:5 reserved. Bits 1:0 and 6:5 must not be changed in a read-modify-write cycle.
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AN93 U66 (DAA Control Register 5, DAAC5) U66 (DAAC5) is a bit-mapped register with all bits except bit 6 reserved. (See Table 53.) Bit 6 (FDT) is a read-only bit that reports whether or not an ISOcap™ frame lock is established. FDT is typically used for board-level debugging and is not used during normal modem operation. U66 resets to 0x0040 with a power-on or manual reset assuming framelock is established.
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AN93 Table 54. U67 Bit Map Bit Name Function 15:14 Reserved Read returns zero. 13:12 MINI[1:0] Minimum Operational Loop Current. Adjusts the minimum loop current at which the DAA can operate. Increasing the minimum operational loop current can improve signal headroom at a lower TIP/RING voltage. MINI[1:0] Min Loop Current 00 10 mA 01 12 mA 10 14 mA 11 16 mA 11:10 Reserved Read returns zero 9 ILIM Current Limiting Enable. 0 = Current limiting mode disabled. 1 = Current limiting mode enabled.
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AN93 U68 (ITC2) U68 is a bit-mapped register with bits 15:3 reserved. Reading these bits returns zero. Bits 4 and 2:0 are all read/write. (See Table 55.) Bit 2 (BTE) = 0b (default) is disabled by default. When BTE = 1b, the DAA automatically responds to a collapse of the line-derived power supply during a billing tone event. When off-hook, if BTE = 1b and BTD goes high, the dc termination is increased to 800 Ω to reduce loop current.
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AN93 U6C (LVS) U6C contains the line voltage status register, LVS, and resets to 0x0000. Bits 7:0 are reserved, and a read returns zero. Modem Control and Interface Registers Modem Control and Interface registers include registers U6E, U70–U73, and U76–U79. These are bit-mapped registers that control functions including TX/RX gain, clocking, I/O, PCM codecs, intrusion detection, and LVCS (line voltage current sense). U6E (CK1) U6E controls the clockout divider. Bits 15:13 and 7:0 are reserved.
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AN93 U70 (IO0) U70 controls escape and several indicator and detector masks and provides several read-only status bits. (See Table 60.) Bits 5, 6, 7, and 14 are reserved. Bits 4:0 are read only, and bits 15 and 13:8 are read/ write. U70 resets to 0x2700 with a power-on or manual reset. Bit 15 (HES) = 0b (default) disables the hardware escape pin (Si2493/57/34/15/04, pin 22 [ESC]). Setting HES = 1b enables ESC.
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AN93 Table 60. U70 Bit Map (Continued) Bit Name Function 9 RIM 8 DCDM 7:5 Reserved 4 CID Caller ID (sticky). 1 = Caller ID preamble detected; data to follow. Clears on :I read. 3 OCD Overcurrent Detect (sticky). 1 = Overcurrent condition has occurred. Clears on :I read. 2 PPD Parallel Phone Detect (sticky). 1 = Parallel phone detected since last off-hook event. Clears on :I read. 1 RI 0 DCD Ring Indicator Mask. 0 = Change in RI does not affect INT.
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AN93 U76 (GEN1) U76 provides control for parallel phone detect (PPD) intrusion parameters including the off-hook sample rate (OHSR), absolute current level with modem off-hook (ACL), ACL update from LVCS (FACL), and the difference in current between ACL and LVCS that trigger an off-hook intrusion detection (DCL). All bits in U76 are read/write. (See Table 61.) OHSR[15:9] sets the off-hook loop current sample rate for intrusion algorithms in 40 ms units. The default value is 25 (1 sec).
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AN93 U77 is a bit-mapped register that controls parameters relating to intrusion detection and overcurrent detection. U77 resets to 0x401E with a power-on or manual reset. (See Table 62.) Bit 9 (AOC) = 0b (default) disables AutoOvercurrent. If enabled and an overcurrent condition is detected, the dc termination switches to 800 Ω, thus, reducing the current. If AOC = 0, the overcurrent condition is only reported by U70[3] (OCD).
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AN93 U79 (GEN4) U79 is a bit-mapped register. Bits 15:5 are reserved. Bits 4:0 represent the line voltage, loop current, or onhook line monitor. (See Table 64.) While the modem is on-hook, the value in the LVCS register measures loop voltage. (See Table 65.) This value can be used to determine if a line is connected or if a parallel phone or other device goes off-hook or on-hook. The accuracy of the LVCS bits is ±20%. When the modem goes off-hook, the value in the LVCS register measures loop current.
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AN93 U7A (GENA) Bit 7 (DOP) is used in a method to determine whether a phone line supports DTMF or pulse only dialing. See "Pulse/Tone Dial Decision" on page 148 for details. Bit 1 (HDLC) controls whether the normal asynchronous mode (default) is used or the transparent HDLC mode is enabled. (See "Legacy Synchronous DCE Mode/V.80 Synchronous Access Mode" on page 20 for more details on these modes.) Bit 6 (ADD) attempts DTMF dial, then falls back to pulse dialing if unsuccessful.
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AN93 U7C (GENC) U7C is a bit-mapped register with bits 15:5 and bits 3:1 reserved. U7C resets to 0x0000 with a power-on or manual reset. Bit 4 (RIGPO) is output on RI (Si2493/57/34/15/04 pin 15) when U7C[0] (RIGPOEN) = 1b. This allows the RI pin to be configured as a general-purpose output pin under host processor control. Bit 0 (RIGPOEN)=0 (default) allows RI (Si2493/57/34/ 15/04 pin 15) to indicate a valid ring signal. When Bit 0 = 1b, RI outputs the value of RIGPO. (See Table 67.
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AN93 U87 SAM Synchronous Access Mode Configuration Options Bit Name Function 15:11 Reserved 10 MINT Minimal Transparency 0 = Generate two-byte transparency sequences. This option will use codes through , if possible, for received data containing two back-toback bytes requiring transparency. 1 = Generate one-byte transparency sequences. This option will only use codes through for received data.
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AN93 Digital Interface The Si2493/57/34/15/04 can be connected to a host processor through either a serial or parallel interface. Direct connection to the chip requires low-voltage CMOS signal levels from the host and any other circuitry directly interfacing with the Si2493/57/34/15/04. The following sections describe in detail the serial and parallel digital interface options. Serial Interface/UART The DTE rate is set by the autobaud feature after reset.
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AN93 1024 Word Elastic Tx Buffer SRAM CTS CTS Deasserts 796 Words Tx Data 14-Word Hardware Buffer Transmit 128 Words CTS Asserts Figure 16. Transmit Data Buffers 1024 Word Elastic Rx Buffer SRAM 796 Words Parallel RXF bit Mode REM bit Rx data RTS 12-Word Hardware Buffer Receive 128 Words Figure 17. Receive Data Buffers Rev. 0.
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AN93 8-Bit Data Mode UART Tim e for Modem Receive Path (8N1 Mode) RX Start t RTS D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Stop t RTH RTS 9-Bit Data Mode TX UART Tim ing for Modem Transm it Path (9N1 M ode with 9th Bit Escape) Start D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 ESC t RTS Stop t CTH CTS Figure 18. Asychronous UART Serial Interface Timing Diagram The DCD and RI pins can be used as a hardware monitor of carrier detect and ring signals.
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AN93 . 11 Bits to Data Bus MUX RX FIFO TX FIFO TX Shift Register TXD (10) CONTROL CTS (11) RTS (8) RX Shift Register INT (16) RXD (9) Figure 19. UART Serial Interface Parallel Interface The parallel interface is intended for applications where a serial interface is not available. The parallel interface has an 8-bit data bus and a single address bit.
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AN93 Table 71. Pin Function Changes in Parallel Interface Mode Pin Serial Mode Function Parallel Mode Function 3 CLKOUT A0 8 RTS D7 9 RXD RD 10 TXD WR 11 CTS CS 15 AOUT INT 16 INT D0 17 RI D1 22 ESC D3 23 DCD D4 Table 73. Parallel Register 1 Signals Data Bit D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 The parallel interface uses the FIFOs to buffer data the same way as the serial mode.
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AN93 Bit 1 (RTS) is a read/write bit that functions in the parallel mode like the RTS pin (Si2493/57/34/15/04, pin 8) in the serial mode. The operation of RTS and CTS is analogous to that in the serial mode and must be enabled with AT\Q3. Bit 0 (CTS) is a read-only bit that functions in the parallel mode like the CTS pin (Si2493/ 57/34/15/04, pin 11) in the serial mode. Table 74. Parallel Interface Register 1 Bit Name Function 7 RXF Receive FIFO Almost Full (status).
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AN93 11 Bits to Data Bus MUX TX FIFO RX FIFO 12 Words 14 Words Shared-Serial/Parallel CONTROL Parallel I/F Register 0 Parallel I/F Register 1 MUX A0 (3) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 (16) (17) (18) (22) (23) (24) D6 (4) D7 (8) RD (9) WR CS INT (10) (11) (15) Parallel Interface Unique Figure 20. Parallel Interface 98 Rev. 0.
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AN93 Programming Examples The following programming examples are intended to facilitate the evaluation of various modem features and serve as example command strings used in part or in combination to create the desired modem operation. Table 75 summarizes the modem function/feature and the associated hardware pins, AT commands, S- Registers, and U-Registers.
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AN93 Table 75. Modem Feature vs. Hardware, AT Command and Register Setting (Continued) Function/Feature PCM/Voice AT Commands S-Registers Hardware (Si2493/57/34/15/04 pin #) 3,4,24,18,12 :U *Y U71 Power Control &Z 24 U6E[2, 1:0], U65[13] Pulse Dialing D 6, 8, 14 U37–U45, U4E Quick connect +PQC +PSS Reset 12 Z U6E[4], U70[7,5] SAS detect U9F–UA9 Self Test Serial Interface &Tn, &Hn 10, 11, 8, 16, 9 SMS +FCLASS +FRM +FTM V.29 +FCLASS +FTM +FRM V.42/V.42b +DR, %Cn, \Nn, +DS V.
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AN93 PCM/Voice Mode The Si3000 is used in conjunction with the Si2493/57/34/15/04 to transmit and receive 16-bit voice samples to and from telephone line as shown in Figure 21. HOST AT commands 2- wire Responses Si2457 Modem FSYNC SDO SDI NexGen DAA CLKOUT TDMA Interface FSYNC SDO SDI MCLK Handset Si3000 Voice Codec Figure 21. Voice Mode Block Diagram Figure 22 shows the actual circuit connection between the Si2493/57/34/15/04 and the Si3000. Rev. 0.
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AN93 VDD C52 5 21 C50 INTb RIb 24 23 22 15 4 16 17 18 3 8 9 10 11 RESETb 12 CLKIN/XTALI XTALO 1 XTALI 2 XTALO 14 C1A 13 C1B INT/D0 RI/D1 EESD/D2 CLKOUT/EECS/A0 C1A RTS/D7 RXD/RD TXD/WR CTS/CS C2A RESET 6 20 7 19 RTSb RXD TXD CTSb EECLK/D5 DCD/D4 ESC/D3 AOUT/INT D6 GND GND VDA VDB DCDb ESC AOUT U3 VD3.3 VD 3.3 N O T E : D6 (PIN 4) MUST NOT HAVE PULLDOWN RESISTOR Si2457/34/15/04 C51 C53 VDD C66 R61 0 C68 0.
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AN93 Table 76. Voice Commands AT Commands Purposes AT:U71,11 Tell modem send/receive data in linear mode to/from Si3000 interface AT*Y254:W0059,7785 Enable Si2457 modem TDMA’s interface by setting LSBit of memory 0x0059 AT*Y254:W004B,011C Write to Si3000 Control Reg1: Line Driver, Handset Driver, and Microphone Bias Normal Operations are enabled.
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AN93 Voice Mode Example Perform the following steps: 1. Connect hardware as shown in Figure 22. Note that the Si3000 Evaluation Board requires an external 12-volt supply, and derives 5-volt power from the Si24xx-EVB. The Si24xx-EVB should be connected to the supplied power adapter or powered through USB. 2.
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AN93 SMS Support Short Message Service (SMS) is a service that allows text messages to be sent and received from one telephone to another via an SMS service center. The Si2493/57/34/15/04 provides an interface that offers a great deal of flexibility in handling multiple SMS standards. This flexibility is possible because most of the differences between standards is handled by the host in the data itself.
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AN93 Type II Caller ID/SAS Detection When a call is in progress, the Subscriber Alerting Signal (SAS) tone is sent by the central office to indicate a second incoming call. The central office may also issue a CPE Alert Signal (CAS) after the SAS to indicate that call waiting caller ID (CWCID) information is available. If properly configured, the modem will acknowledge the CAS tone, receive the CWCID data, and perform a retrain.
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AN93 The SAS tone varies between countries and requires configuration of the user registers U9F – UA9. The SAS_FREQ (U9F) register sets the expected SAS tone frequency as shown in Table 81. The default SAS frequency is 440Hz. The expected cadence is set in the ten cadence registers SAS_CADENCE0 (UA0) through SAS_CADENCE9 (UA9). The even numbered registers (UA0,UA2,etc.) control the time that the tone is expected to be present and the odd numbered registers select the time that the tone must not be present.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY 108 TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers AUSTRALIA CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.2 – 0.2 – 0.2 – 4.4 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0014 UA1=0x0014 UA2=0x0014 UA3=0x01B8 AUSTRIA WAITING TONE 420 0.04 – 1.95 U9F=0x0002 UA0=0x0004 UA1=0x00C3 BERMUDA WAITING TONE 440 (two bursts, ten seconds apart) U9F=0x0000 BHUTAN WAITING TONE 400 0.5 – 0.25 U9F=0x0001 UA0=0x0032 UA1=0x0019 BOTSWANA WAITING TONE 425 0.2 – 1.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers CROATIA CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.3 – 8.0 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x001E UA1=0x0320 CYPRUS CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.1 – 0.1 – 0.1 – 5.3 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x000A UA1=0x000A UA2=0x000A UA3=0x0212 CZECH Rep. CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.33 – 9.0 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0021 UA1=0x0384 DOMINICA (Commonwealth of) CALL WAITING TONE 440 10.5 – 10.0 – 0.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY 110 TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers GIBRALTAR WAITING TONE 400 0.1 – 3.0 U9F=0x0001 UA0=0x000A UA1=0x012C GREECE CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.3 – 10.0 – 0.3 – 10.0 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x001E UA1=0x03E8 UA2=0x001E UA3=0x03E8 GUYANA WAITING TONE 480 0.5 – 18.0 U9F=0x0004 UA0=0x0032 UA1=0x0708 HONDURAS CALL WAITING TONE 440 0.5 – 0.5 – 0.2 – 4.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers ISRAEL CALL WAITING TONE 400 1x(0.15 – 10.0 – 0.15) U9F=0x0001 UA0=0x000F UA1=0x03E8 UA2=0000xF JAPAN CALL WAITING TONE I 400x16/400 0.5 – 0.0~4.0 – 0.05 – 0.45 – 0.05 – 3.45 – 0.05 – 0.45 – 0.05 – 3.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY 112 TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers KIRIBATI WAITING TONE 425 0.1 – 0.2 – 0.1 – 4.7 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x000A UA1=0x0014 UA2=0x000A UA3=0x01D6 KOREA (Rep. of) WAITING TONE 350+440 0.25 – 0.25 – 0.25 – 3.25 U9F=0x000 UA0=0x0019 UA1=0x0019 UA2=0x0019 UA3=0x0145 LAO P.D.R. WAITING TONE 425 0.4 – 0.4 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0028 UA1=0x0028 LITHUANIA WAITING TONE 950/1400/ 1800 3×(0.333 – 1.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers NETHERLANDS WAITING TONE 425 0.5 – 9.5 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0032 UA1=0x03B6 NEW ZEALAND WAITING TONE I 400+450 0.5 U9F=0x0001 UA0=0x0032 WAITING TONE II 400 0.25 – 0.25 – 0.25 – 3.25 U9F=0x0001 UA0=0x0019 UA1=0x0019 UA2=0x0019 UA3=0x0145 WAITING TONE III 523/659 3×(0.2 – 3.0) – 0.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY 114 TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers POLAND WAITING TONE 425 0.15 – 0.15 – 0.15 – 4.0 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x000F UA1=0x000F UA2=0x000F UA3=0x0190 PORTUGAL CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.2 – 0.2 – 0.2 – 5.0 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0014 UA1=0x0014 UA2=0x0014 UA3=0x01F4 RUSSIA WAITING TONE 950/1400/ 1800 3×0.333 – 1.0 U9F=0x0007 St.-KITTS-ANDNEVIS WAITING TONE 440 0.5 – 10.0 – 0.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers SOUTH AFRICA CALL WAITING TONE 400×33 0.4 – 4.0 U9F=0x0001 UA0=0x0028 UA1=0x0190 SPAIN CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.175 – 0.175 – 0.175 – 3.5 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0012 UA1=0x0012 UA2=0x0012 UA3=0x015E SRI LANKA CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.5 – 2.5 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0032 UA1=0x00FA SWEDEN CALL WAITING TONE I 425 0.2 – 0.5 – 0.
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AN93 Table 82. SAS Cadence for Supported Countries* (Continued) COUNTRY TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) CADENCE (Seconds) U Registers URUGUAY WAITING TONE 425 0.2 – 0.2 – 0.2 – 4.4 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0014 UA1=0x0014 UA2=0x0014 UA3=0x01B8 VANUATU CALL WAITING TONE 425 0.3 – 10.0 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x001E UA1=0x03E8 ZIMBABWE CALL WAITING TONE 523/659 1.5 – 1.5 U9F=0x0003 UA0=0x0096 UA1=0x0096 *Note: 1×f2 f1+f2 f1/f2 f1//f2 116 Explanation of Symbols f1 is modulated by f2.
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AN93 Modem On Hold The Si2493 supports modem-on-hold as defined by the ITU-T V.92 specification. This feature allows a connected Si2493 to place a server modem on-hold while a second call, typically a voice call, uses the phone line. The maximum time the modems will remain on-hold is controlled by the modem receiving the modem-on-hold request. Once the second call has completed, the Si2493 will re-initiate the data connection if the time elapsed has not exceed the time negotiated by the two modems.
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AN93 Receiving Modem On Hold Requests If Modem On Hold is enabled via the +PMH=1 command, the Si2493 may be placed on hold by a remote modem. The maximum time the modem will remain on hold is configured with the +PMHT setting. Possible values of +PMHT are given in Table 84. Upon receipt of a Modem On Hold request, the Si2493 will indicate +PMHR: followed by the code corresponding to the timeout granted.
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AN93 Table 86. AT+PSS Parameters Description 0 The DCEs decide whether or not to use the short startup procedures. The short startup procedures shall only be used if enabled by the +PQC command. 1 Forces the use of the short startup procedures on the next and subsequent connections if they are enabled by the +PQC command. 2 Forces the use of the full startup procedures on the next and subsequent connections independent of the setting of the +PQC command.
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AN93 not only the functionality of the modem chipset after assembly but also discrete parts and product-related software. Therefore, finished product test requirements and procedures depend on the manufacturer and the product. Consequently, no universal final test procedure can be defined. Testing the modem in a finished product is done for several reasons. First, it is important to be sure the modem chipset and peripheral components were installed correctly during assembly and were not damaged.
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AN93 Compliance Testing Regulatory compliance testing requires the modem to be configured in specific ways and controlled to perform specific operations necessary to make required measurements. Compliance testing commands and configuration information are provided. Some helpful commands for conducting compliance testing on the Si2493/57/34/15/04 are listed in Table 88. The modem register defaults configure the modem for FCC operation. Table 87.
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AN93 Table 88. AT Commands for Compliance Testing (Continued) AT:Uaa,xxxx (aa is U-Register and xxxx is the hex value to be written) Write a U-Register AT:Raa (aa is U-Register) Read a U-Register AT:R Read all U-Registers ATA Send Answer Tone for 3 seconds AT:U4D,0008 ATX0 ATDT Send Calling Tone Connect test modem and remote modem through a telephone line simulator. Configure test modem without protocol. Set test modem S10 = 255. Connect phone in parallel to remote modem.
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AN93 recommended capacitors may improve modem performance on emissions and conducted immunity. For such designs, a population option for R12 and R13 may allow additional flexibility for optimization after the printed circuit board has been completed. Table 90. V.29 Data Rate +FTM= Transmit Modulation Data Rate 53 v.29 7200 55 v.29 9600 Also, under some layout conditions, C8 and C9 may improve the immunity to telephone line transients.
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AN93 Country Dependent Setup Configuring the Si2493/57/34/15/04 for operation in different countries is done easily with AT commands. No hardware changes are required. For this reason, the Si2493/57/34/15/04 is truly a global modem solution. The U-Register values for various countries are presented in the country configuration tables beginning on 130. All U-Register values are in hexadecimal.
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AN93 Table 92 shows the AT command string that configures the ISOmodem for Japan caller ID. Japan Caller ID The ISOmodem detects a line polarity reversal and a brief ring burst, then goes off-hook and triggers the INT pin. CID data is sent using the V.23 specification. After detecting 40 mark bits (1s), the ISOmodem searches for a start-bit. “CIDM” is echoed to the host when a start bit is received. The modem then starts to assemble characters and sends them to the host.
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AN93 Table 96. DC Termination Control Bits Table 94. Dial Registers Register Value Function Pulse Dial Control U37–U40 Pulse per Digit Definition U42 PDBT Pulse Dial Break Time U43 PDMT Pulse Dial Make Time U45 PDIT Pulse Dial Interdigit Time DTPL DTMF Power Level (and Twist) U47 DTNT DTMF On Time U48 DTFT DTMF Off Time 3:2 DCV DC Termination Select U7D 10 LLV Yugoslavia – Special Network Requirements The following are special network requirements for Yugoslavia.
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AN93 Country Configuration Tables The country configuration tables separate countries into groups. These groups include countries with the same, or very similar, telecommunication requirements. The modem default settings are for the US-like countries. Many countries in all groups use at least some of the default register settings. Default values do not have to be written when configuring the modem to operate in a particular country assuming the modem was reset just prior to the configuration process.
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AN93 Silicon Labs Country Parameter Index Country Algeria Argentina Australia Austria (TBR21 + ATAAB) Bahrain Belarus Belgium (TBR21 + ATAAB) Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Canada Chile China Columbia Croatia TBR21 + ATAAB Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark (TBR21 + ATAAB) Ecuador Egypt Estonia Finland (TBR21 + ATAAB) France (TBR21 + ATAAB) Germany (TBR21 + ATAAB) Ghana Greece (TBR21 + ATAAB) Hong Kong Hungary India Indonesia Ireland (TBR21 + ATAAB) Israel Italy (TBR21 + ATAAB) Ivory Coast Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Latvi
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AN93 Country Type New Zealand Norway (TBR21 + ATAAB) Oman Pakistan Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland (TBR21 + ATAAB) Portugal (TBR21 + ATAAB) Puerto Rico Qatar Romania Russia Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa South Korea Spain (TBR21 + ATAAB) Sri Lanka Sweden (TBR21 + ATAAB) Switzerland (TBR21 + ATAAB) Taiwan Thailand Tunisia Turkey Ukraine United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Kingdom (TBR21 + ATAAB) United States of America (USA) Uruguay Venezuela Vietnam Zambia NZ CTR Oman Pakistan FCC FCC Philippin
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AN93 Country Register Settings for CTR/TBR21 ATAAB and CTR21 Type Countries Country Register Settings for: U00 0800 U0C C311 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0438 U3C 0005 U48 0090 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 A7BE U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E A7BE U1A 0000 U26 03A0 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0904 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 03A0 U1B 0000 U27 7061 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0033 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 TBR21
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Russia (GOST) Type Countries U00 0800 U0B C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0C 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0D B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Argentina U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 0
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Brazil U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0028 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 0078 U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 000
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AN93 Country Register Settings for China U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 00F3 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 0000
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Hong Kong U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58
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AN93 Country Register Settings for India U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0043 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 0000
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Japan U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 0000
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Lithuania U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Mexico U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 000
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Oman U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 0000
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Philippines U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U5
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Romania U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 00
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AN93 Country Register Settings for South Africa U00 0800 U0C C18A U18 7DAF U24 4000 U30 0438 U3C 0005 U48 0090 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 7DAF U0D 4000 U19 C1D5 U25 B96A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 C1D5 U0E B96A U1A 4000 U26 01C0 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 4000 U0F 01C0 U1B 8000 U27 6151 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0033 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 8000 U10 6151 U1C 01C0 U28 DC9B U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Taiwan U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 000
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AN93 Country Register Settings for Tunisia U00 0800 U0C C305 U18 0000 U24 4000 U30 0360 U3C 0005 U48 0064 U54 0000 U60 0000 U6C 2900 U78 0000 U01 0000 U0D 4000 U19 0000 U25 B50A U31 4650 U3D 0006 U49 0022 U55 0000 U61 0000 U6D 0000 U79 0005 U02 0000 U0E B50A U1A 0000 U26 0400 U32 EF10 U3E 0007 U4A 007A U56 0000 U62 0804 U6E 7F20 U7A 0000 U03 0000 U0F 0400 U1B 0000 U27 70D2 U33 1200 U3F 0008 U4B 0258 U57 0000 U63 0003 U6F 00FF U7B 0000 U04 0000 U10 70D2 U1C 00A0 U28 C830 U34 1B58 U40 0009 U4C 6720 U58 00
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AN93 Intrusion/Parallel Phone Detection Example Loop voltage The modem may share a telephone line with a variety of other devices, particularly telephones. In most cases, the modem has a lower priority for access to the phone line. Someone dialing 911 in an emergency, for example, has a higher priority than a set-top box updating billing information. If someone is using a telephone, the modem should not go off-hook.
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AN93 To prevent polarity reversals from being detected as a loss of loop current, a debounce timer controlled by Uregisters 50 and 51 is used. However, if the HOI bit is set, a parallel phone intrusion while off-hook will give a “LINE IN USE” result code to indicate that the Si2493/ 57/34/15/04 has gone on-hook due to a parallel phone intrusion. Intrusion Detection—Off-Hook Condition When the ISOmodem is off-hook, the U79[4:0] (LVCS) value represents loop current.
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AN93 Command AT:R79 Table 98. Overcurrent Detection Function Host reads the loop voltage from the LVCS Register U79 bits 4:0 while the modem is on-hook.
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AN93 sent initially). If an OK (dial tone present) was received after the ATDTW;, the line requires pulse dialing. Pulse dial the entire telephone number using ATDP12345. Method #3: Adaptive dialing Adaptive dialing attempts to dial with DTMF, then falls back to pulse dialing. It is enabled with bit 6 of U7A. If bit 6 is set, the first digit is dialed with DTMF, and the Si2493/57/34/15/04 waits 2 seconds.
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AN93 HDLC Example: Bit Errors on a Noisy Line Bit errors can occur on an impaired line. The problem is determining and ignoring the spurious data resulting from poor line conditions and recovering the valid data. This example illustrates a typical data corruption problem due to a noisy line and how to analyze it. For this example, the modem is a Si2404 configured with the following initialization string after reset.
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AN93 Table 100. Bit Errors Data 19 B1 Meaning received first flag Beginning of Packet 19 B0 A spurious byte received with > 6 mark bits in a row, the modem is looking for HDLC flags 19 B2 HDLC flag detected Beginning of Packet 30 93 19 B1 Good Packet Beginning of Packet 19 B2 If a 1 bit error is received in an HDLC flag, the modem assumes a new single-byte packet. Since a 1-byte packet is invalid, 19 B2 is generated by modem.
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AN93 Table 100. Bit Errors Data Meaning A 1-bit error is received in an HDLC flag, the modem assumes a new single-byte packet. Since a 1-byte packet is invalid, 19 B2 is generated by modem. 19 B2 Beginning of Packet Spurious data B6 9E F7 46 19 B0 Followed by a data byte with > 6 mark bits in a row. The modem looks for HDLC flags 19 B2 HDLC Flag detected Beginning of Packet 29 C6 Spurious data 19 B0 Followed by a data byte with > 6 mark bits in a row.
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AN93 Table 100. Bit Errors Data Meaning 19 B0 Followed by a data byte with > 6 mark bits in a row. The modem looks for HDLC flags. 19 B2 HDLC Flag detected Beginning of Packet Spurious data 05 CB 14 9F 7C 2D 19 B0 Followed by a data byte with > 6 mark bits in a row. The modem looks for HDLC flags. 19 B2 HDLC Flag Detected 19 B2 If there is 1 bit error received in an HDLC flag, the modem assumes a new single-byte packet. Since a 1byte packet is invalid, 19 B2 is generated by modem.
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AN93 APPENDIX A—ISOMODEM® LAYOUT GUIDELINES Layout Guidelines The key to a good layout is proper placement of components. It is best to copy the placement shown in Figure 27. Alternatively, perform the following steps, referring to the schematics and Figure 28. It is strongly recommended to complete the checklist in Table 101 while reviewing the final layout. d.Place R2 next to U2 pin 16. This is best achieved by placing R2 northeast of U2. 1.
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AN93 c.C5, C6, C7 IGND return path should be direct. 12. Decoupling capacitors (size 0.22 uF and 0.1 uF capacitors connected to VDA, VDB, VDD) must be placed next to those pins. Traces of these decoupling capacitors back to the Si24xx GND pin should be direct and short. d.The IGND plane must not extend past Q4 and Q5. 10. The traces from R7 to FB1 and from R8 to FB2 should be well matched. This can be achieved by routing these traces next to each other as possible.
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AN93 Si2493/57/34/15/04 Layout Check List Table 101 is a checklist that the designer can use during the layout process to ensure all the recommendations in this application note have been implemented. Additionally, Figure 28 provides an annotated diagram of all of the relevant layout guidelines for the SI3054 CNR/AMR/ACR applications. Table 101. Layout Check List 3 156 # Layout Items Required 1 U1 and U2 are placed so that pins 9–16 of U1 are facing pins 1–8 of U2.
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AN93 Table 101. Layout Check List (Continued) 3 # Layout Items Required 16 Distance from TIP and RING through EMC capacitors C8 and C9 to chassis ground is short. 17 There should be no digital ground plane in the DAA Section. 18 Minimize the area of the loop from U2 pin 7 and pin 10 to C5 and C6 and from those components to U2 pin 15 (IGND). 19 R2 should be placed next to the base of Q5, and the trace from R2 to U2 pin16 should be less than 20 mm.
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AN93 Module Design and Application Considerations Modem modules are more susceptible to radiated fields and ESD discharges than modems routed directly on the motherboard because the module ground plane is discontinuous and elevated above the motherboard ground plane. This separation also creates the possibility of loops that couple these interfering signals to the modem.
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AN93 APPENDIX B—PROTOTYPE BRING-UP GUIDE Introduction This appendix provides help with the debugging of initial prototypes. Although most ISOmodem® prototype designs function as expected, there is the potential for layout errors, omitted or incorrect components used in the initial assembly run, and host software problems. If the prototype modem does not function correctly, the techniques outlined in this guide will help quickly isolate the problem and get the prototype functioning correctly.
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AN93 within 200 ms after the carriage return. The reset recovery time (the time between a hardware reset or the carriage return of an ATZ command and the time the next AT command can be executed) is approximately 300 ms. When a data connection is being established, do not try to escape to the command mode until after the protocol message. Register Configurations The ATS$ command lists the contents of all SRegisters, and the AT:R command lists the contents of all U-Registers.
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AN93 evaluation board to the Si3018/10-side C1 pad on the prototype system. This connection is illustrated in Figure 32. Connect the phone line to the prototype system RJ-11 jack. voltages are grossly different than those in Figure 34 and nothing seems wrong with the external circuitry after using the Component Troubleshooting techniques, replace the Si3018/10. Power up and manually reset the evaluation board, then power up the prototype system.
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AN93 Prototype System Host Controller PC Host UART RS232 Transceiver Si24xx Si3018 Discretes Si24xx Si3018 Discretes To Phone Line EVB Connect prototype system ground to EVB ground Remove modem module from EVB Disconnect host outputs from prototype modem Connect EVB RS232 transceivers to prototype modem Use PC with HyperTerminal to test prototype modem Figure 31.
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AN93 Prototype System C1 Host Controller Host UART Si24xx Si3018 Discretes Si3018 Discretes C2 C1 RS232 Transceiver Si24xx To Phone Line C2 EVB Connect the prototype ground to the EVB ground Lift prototype and EVB C1 and C2 to decouple the line side from the DSP side. Do same on evaluation board. Connect prototype system C1 and C2 to the Si3018 pad of EVB C1 and C2 Connect the phone line to the RJ11 jack on the EVB Run the prototype system software to attempt a modem connection Figure 33.
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AN93 Table 102. Resistance to Si3018/10 Pin 15 Si3018/10 Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pin 9 Pin 10 Pin 11 Pin 12 Pin 13 Pin 14 Pin 16 Table 103. Resistance across Components Resistance >6M >5M >2M 1M >5M >5M >1M >2M >2M >1M 0 >2M >5M >14M >5M Si3018/10 FB1 FB2 RV1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R15 R16 C1 C2 C3 C4 C7 C8 C9 Resistance <1 <1 >20M 1.07K 150 3.65K 2.49K 100K 100K 4.5M or 16M 4.5M or 16M >800k 536 73 <1 <1 <1 <1 >20M >20M >3M 3.5M or 9.
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AN93 INDEX A Absolute Current Level 86, 147 ac Termination 9, 14, 80, 121 Analog Output 17 Answer 6, 29, 42, 50, 53, 60, 75, 121, 125 Tone 75 tone detect time 21 AOUT 17, 30, 52, 79, 95–96 Argentina 132 assembly 120, 159 Asynchronous DTE 21 mode 89 protocol 44 AT 18, 26–29, 39, 53, 60, 75, 79, 92, 94, 99, 124–125 command execution time 28 Command Set 44 AT% Command Set 42 AT& Command Set 39 Australia 80, 132 Automatic answer 60 AutoOvercurrent 87 B Backspace character 60 Basic Troubleshooting Steps 159 Bia
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AN93 INDEX dc Termination 13–14, 80, 82, 87, 121, 126, 148 dc Termination Control Bits 126 DCD 46, 60, 84–85, 94, 96, 119 DCE 19, 21–22, 92 Default Settings 1, 28, 52, 53, 69, 79, 127 Dial 29, 31, 49, 53, 47, 63, 69, 73, 87–89, 121–122, 125, 127, 148 pause timer 60 Registers 74–75, 126 tone detect filter output scaler 64, 69 Tone Detect Filter Registers 69 tone detect OFF threshold 64, 69 tone detect ON threshold 64, 69 Tone Timing 73 Tone Timing Register 74 tone wait timer 60 Differential Current Level 86,
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AN93 INDEX Intrusion Blocking 87, 147 Detection 19, 83, 86–87, 99, 120–121, 146–147 detection blocking 87 Detection—On-Hook Condition 146 Settling Time 87, 147 Suspend 87, 147 /Parallel Phone Detection 146 IO0 84 isolation capacitor Interface 7, 9 ISOlink interface 9 Troubleshooting 160 ISOmodem model number 30 Layout Guidelines 154 ITC1 80 ITC2 82 ITC4 82 ITU/Bellcore 89 manual reset 53, 78–80, 82–84, 86–87, 90, 159 Memory 1, 5, 7, 18, 40, 53–54 notation 54 metacharacter 21 Mexico 139 Minimum dialtone on
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AN93 INDEX RIGPOEN 90 Ring Cadence Maximum Total Time 65, 75, 125 Cadence Minimum On 65, 75, 125 counter 60, 125 frequency 75 Frequency Delta 65, 75, 125 Frequency High 65, 75, 125 Indicator 84–85 Indicator Mask 85 Ringback cadence delta 65, 73 minimum on time 65, 73 minimum total time 65, 73 Registers 73 Ringer 10 Impedance 80, 126–127 Network 10, 121 Threshold Select 126 ROM 18, 54 Romania 142 RTS 45–46, 92, 96–97, 119, 159 Russia (GOST) Type Countries 131 RXD 22, 96 Parallel Interface 1, 5, 18, 51–52, 9
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AN93 INDEX wait for dial tone 31 delay timer 61 wake-on-ring 41 Window to look for dialtone 65 Wire Mode 20–21, 44, 89 switch-hook 5 synchronous DCE 21 System Interface 9 T Taiwan 144 TBR21 ATAAB and TBR21 Type Countries 130 Termination 40–41, 80, 119 test circuit 119 Test mode 40, 79, 119 Testing 1, 119–120, 123 Thailand 144 Tone (DTMF) dialing 29 Tone detection 13–14, 73, 75 Transmit Carrier 6 FIFO Almost Full 96–97 level adjust 66, 77 Level Register 77 Troubleshooting 159–161 Tunisia 145 TXD 21–22, 52,
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AN93 Document Change List Revision 0.5 to Revision 0.6 Added Si2493 to title. Added V.92 information. Added V.44 information. Added and expanded several “AT+” commands. Added U71 and U9F-UAA registers. Corrected CTS* trigger points. Added note for U70 configuration for Australia and Brazil Expanded "Legacy Synchronous DCE Mode/V.80 Synchronous Access Mode" on page 20. Added "PCM/Voice Mode" on page 101. Added "SMS Support" on page 105. Added "Type II Caller ID/SAS Detection" on page 106.
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AN93 Notes: Rev. 0.
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AN93 Contact Information Silicon Laboratories Inc. 4635 Boston Lane Austin, TX 78735 Tel: 1+(512) 416-8500 Fax: 1+(512) 416-9669 Toll Free: 1+(877) 444-3032 Email: productinfo@silabs.com Internet: www.silabs.com The information in this document is believed to be accurate in all respects at the time of publication but is subject to change without notice.