Bridges Hardware Guide Silver Spring Networks 555 Broadway Street Redwood City, CA 94063 www.silverspringnet.
Bridges Hardware Guide Bridges Hardware Guide Document Number BRIDGESv2.0UG_Rev1 Confidential Information of Silver Spring Networks®, Inc., provided to licensed customer under NDA. Copyright © 2010, Silver Spring Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. The Silver Spring Networks logo, UtilityIQ®, and UtilOS® are registered trademarks of Silver Spring Networks, Inc. Smart Energy Networks™, Success.
Contents Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The eBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The sBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Audience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Introduction 1 Introduction Silver Spring Networks’ Distribution Automation (DA) network is designed to help electrical utilities manage field devices such as reclosers, capacitor banks, voltage regulators, and transformers, through more efficient two-way communication. The utilities’ primary tools for monitoring power distribution systems are called Remote Terminal Units (RTUs).
1 Introduction or more RTUs. The RF interface connects all bridges together in a routable RF wireless network for DA communications. A serial port can also be used for RTU connections. Figure 1. Front and back view of the eBridge Front Back Power Serial port USB GPIO Ethernet SMA female RF conn. The sBridge Note: sBridges can be used for meter connectivity and for DA RTU connectivity.The application described in this guide is for DA connectivity. sBridges are not designed for use as a master bridge.
1 Introduction Figure 3 shows an example of an RTU, which provides an Ethernet port, two serial ports and terminals for the electrical equipment to which it connects. Figure 3. An RTU Note: For more information about network deployments of the eBridge and sBridge, refer to Chapter 2, Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges on page 8. For instructions on how to configure eBridges and sBridges, refer to the Bridge Configurator 2.0 User’s Guide.
1 Introduction Customer Support Silver Spring Networks offers expert technical support and guaranteed response times. Table 1. Support Information Country Email Telephone Hours Australia aus-support@silverspringnet.com +03 9607 8521 9:00 AM - 6:00 PM Canada support@silverspringnet.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges 2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges Essential to the complete creation of a DA network are the Silver Spring primary devices: the eBridge and the sBridge. The DA network is designed to help utilities effectively communicate with field-installed remote terminal units (RTUs) and power system device controllers in the electrical distribution network.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges 4. Interface Connections: Connect the required interface cables between the bridge and the RTU. Table 2. Available antennas for Silver Spring Network bridges SSN Antenna Part # Description 315-00012 Rev. 5 JPole antenna 315-000002 Rev.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges Deployment Considerations Before deploying bridges, allow for the following deployment considerations: • Network topology • Interfaces and protocols • Deployment modes Table 3 summarizes bridge deployment choices in the network. Table 3.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges Supported Network Topologies To accommodate placements of existing RTUs in the field, bridge units can be deployed in the following network topologies: • Master/Remote Topology • Teaming Topology on page 13 • A combination of Master/Remote and Teaming Topology In the Master/Remote topology, a master bridge connects to the SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) master.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges the DA (Distribution Automation) network, as indicated in Figure 5. Here, the pre-existing electrical distribution grid is overlaid with the bridge-based DA network deployment. Figure 5. Master/Remote Example Relays are used to extend the RF signal to greater distances and to extend the signal around obstacles in the field. Centralized and Decentralized Master/Remote Deployments A Master/Remote deployment can be centralized or decentralized.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges In a decentralized Master/Remote deployment, multiple SCADA systems exist (for example, substations in different locations) and data is drawn back to multiple points. Larger DA networks will roughly follow this model. Figure 7. Example of a Decentralized Master/Remote Deployment Teaming Topology In the Teaming topology, a small set of bridges send each other messages to accomplish specific tasks.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges Serial In serial mode, the remote or teaming bridge connects to an RTU through a serial interface. Because serial RTUs have DNP addresses, the end point of the IP network is the bridge device. Note: The Silver Spring Networks sBridge provides two DB-9 serial interfaces. (The eBridge provides a single DB-9 serial port.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges master bridge into DNP messages, and pass them on to the RTU. The remote bridges require the DNP address of the RTU to which they are serially connected. Figure 8. Example of a Mixed IPv4 Deployment Serial Master/Serial Remote IPv6 Sample Deployment In Serial Master/Serial Remote deployments, no Ethernet/IP network appears at the master bridge location. The master connects to the SCADA network using DNP3 over serial.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges The Bridge Configurator program provides the settings to associate the DNP3-based RTU address with each Remote bridge. IPv6 Addressing in the RF Network When a device registers with a subnet, the master bridge assigns it an IPv6 prefix, which the device appends to its MAC address to create a globally unique IPv6 unicast address, formatted according to the IEEE EUI-64 standard.
2 Deploying Silver Spring Networks Bridges determine the routing paths to all other members of the team. Figure 10 shows the path of various messages between the teaming members. Figure 10. Example of an Ethernet Teaming Deployment Mode 3. This bridge receives the “Open” message from IPx1 and sends it, through Ethernet, to the recloser at IPy2. 1. The recloser IPx2 sends an “Open” message to the recloser at IPy2 through the predetermined path. 192.168.0.5 Ethernet 2.
A Specifications A Specifications Specifications are provided in the following topics: • Overview • eBridge and sBridge Features • Silver Spring Networks eBridge Specifications on page 19 • Silver Spring Networks sBridge Specifications on page 22 • Regulatory Compliance - Module Certifications on page 24 Overview The eBridge and sBridge are Commercial and Industrial SCADA products that are attached to the Silver Spring Networks Smart Energy Networks.
A Specifications Silver Spring Networks eBridge Specifications This section contains the following tables to provide eBridge specifications: • eBridge Communications Specifications • eBridge Approvals • eBridge Environmental Specifications • eBridge Protocols/Security • eBridge Interfaces • eBridge DB-9 Interface Definition • eBridge Isolated Input/Output • eBridge RJ-45 Hub Interface Definition • eBridge Power Consumption Table 4.
A Specifications Table 6. eBridge Interfaces RS-232 DB-9 Serial, DCE device, RS-232 levels Ethernet RJ-45, 10-100BaseT Hub, 36-57 VDC PoE input Mini-USB USB Serial device DC Voltage Input 10-30VDC DC Input Table 7. eBridge Isolated Input/Output Pin# Signal Direction Description Current 1 Input Input Isolated Output 1 mA (min) 2 mA (max) 2 Output Output Isolated Input 1 mA (min) 2.
A Specifications Table 11. eBridge DB-9 Interface Definition Pin# Signal Direction Description 1 DCD Output Data Carrier Detect 2 TXD Output Transmit Data 3 RXD Input Receive Data 4 DTR Input Data Terminal Ready 5 GND -- Signal Ground 6 DSR Output Data Set Ready 7 RTS Input Request To Send 8 CTS Output Clear To Send 9 RI Output Ring Indicator All RS-232 receptacles are standard DB-9 receptacle DCE pinout. Table 12.
A Specifications Silver Spring Networks sBridge Specifications This section contains the following tables to provide sBridge specifications: • sBridge NAN Transceiver • sBridge Environmental • sBridge NAN Network • sBridge DB-9 Interface Definition • sBridge Processing • sBridge DC Power Input • sBridge Physical • sBridge Physical • sBridge Interfaces Table 13.
A Specifications Table 17. sBridge Interfaces RS-232 DB-9 Serial, DCE device, RS-232 levels DC Voltage Input 10-30VDC DC Input Table 18. sBridge Environmental Temperature, operating -40°C to +85° Humidity 95%, non-condensing Table 19.
A Specifications Regulatory Compliance - Module Certifications This section contains the following regulatory compliance information: • FCC Certification (Radiated/Conducted Emissions Compliance FCC Part 15.
A Specifications This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed below, and having a maximum gain of 3 dBi (sBridge) and 6 dBi (eBridge). Antennas not included in this list or having a gain greater than 3 dBi (sBridge) or 6 dB (eBridge), are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms. Table 21. Available antennas for Silver Spring Network bridges SSN Antenna Part # Description 315-00012 Rev. 5 JPole antenna 315-000002 Rev.
A Specifications • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver disconnected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced Radio/TV technician for help. CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Silver Spring Networks could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
Glossary Glossary A C Access Point (AP) An Access Point is a router that performs the function of communicating over both a Wide Area Network (WAN) and the Neighborhood Area Network (NAN). See also primary Access Point. C&I (Commercial & Industrial) The reference to commercial and industrial energy and water customers. alternate Access Point See secondary Access Point. AMR (Automated Meter Reading) A form of advanced metering that uses communications devices to send data from the meter to the utility.
Glossary trical distribution devices such as reclosers, switches, transformers and capacitor banks. dB Decibels. A logarithmic unit of measurement that expresses the magnitude of radio power. dBm The power ratio in decibels (dB) of radio power relative to one milliwatt (mW). dead area Locations from which effective transmission cannot be established because the transmitted signal is blocked by clutter. Also known as shadow.
Glossary endpoint Meters, distribution controls, cap bank switches, and other specialized network devices. Many endpoints are assigned to nodes. See also node. ftp File Transfer Protocol. A protocol for transferring files over any network that supports TCP/IP. energized See set. gap Refers to a gap in the usage data collected from a meter. AMM automatically detects and fills such gaps. See also end gap and unfillable gap. energy \The use of power over time, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh).
Glossary age commercial and industrial accounts. The data collected is used by a utility to determine peak demand times and adjust its distribution system accordingly. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, a prominent standards body for the electrical, telecommunications, aerospace, and engineering industries. IETF Internet Engineering Task Force, a prominent standards body for the development and evolution of the Internet networking architecture and the stable operation of the Internet.
Glossary link quality The overall RF quality of a link between a transmitter and receiver. Often expressed in terms of message success rate and signal strength. See MSR and RSSI. link budget The total amount of RF power available to establish a link between the transmitter and receiver, expressed mathematically: PLinkBudget = PTx - PTxLoss + PTxAntenna + PRxAntenna -PRxLoss PRxSensitivity LOS Line of Sight. A direct path, free of clutter, between a transmitter and a receiver.
Glossary path Refers to how cells, nodes, and endpoints are connected together. For example, the path from cell A to endpoint Z runs through node B. See also route. path loss Total amount of power lost in the propagation of the RF signal from the transmitter to the receiver. payload The payload is that part of a packet that is not the header. Payloads consist of application data such as interval read results.
Glossary best line-of-sight to meters. Normally, several meters are associated with each Relay and several Relays are associated with an Access Point. Meters can also act as a Relay. See also reachability. remote CHAP password See CHAP. remote provisioning See remote service management. remote telemetry units (RTUs) A broad category of electrical distribution devices including different types of transformers, capacitor banks, reclosers/ circuit breakers, and many other device types.
Glossary South (southing) from the center of the zone. UTM coordinates for the Golden Gate Bridge are zone 10 S, 545980m E. 4185742m N. static route A user-defined route between Access Points, Relays, and meters. When you define a static route, it overrides all network discovered routes. See also network discovery. substation A facility in an electricity distribution system used for switching and / or changing or regulating the voltage of electricity.
Index Index A H Access Point 11 helical antenna 9, 25 antenna regulatory information 25 I antennas considerations 8 disc antenna 9, 25 helical antenna 9, 25 JPole antenna 9, 25 part numbers 9, 25 types 9, 25 B benefits 4 IEEE EUI-64 16 interfaces Ethernet 13 serial 14 IPv4 10 IPv6 10, 15 addressing 16 IEEE EUI-64 address 16 network prefix 16 reserved subnet 16 Bridge Configurator 14, 16 C J JPole antenna 9, 25 capacitor bank 4 customer support 7 M D MAC address on bridges 16 DB-9 4 deployme
Index RTUs 8 and bridges 9 DA communication with 4 DNP3 address 15 example 4 in distribution network 9 S sBridge and serial modes 14 in DA network 8 physical installation 8 port in raw mode 5, 14 RF interface 5, 14 serial port connectivity 5, 14 serial port operation 5 SCADA system 4, 11, 12 serial IPv4 and IPv6 14 Bridges Hardware Guide serial mode DNP3-to-IP mapping 14 in remote bridge 14 in teaming bridge 14 specifications 18 communications 19 environmental 19 power consumption 20 protocol/security 2
