MANUAL SIMRAD AP25 Autopilot 20221495F Sw.1.
Instruction manual Instruction Manual This manual is intended as a reference guide for operating and correctly installing the AP25 autopilot. Great care has been paid to simplify operation and set-up of the Simrad AP25, however, an autopilot is a complex electronic system. It is affected by sea conditions, speed of the vessel, hull shape and size.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Document history Rev. A First edition. Rev. B Minor corrections in text. Table with SimNet/NMEA2000 messages included. Rev. C FU50 substituted by FU25. Part no. for AC40 Power PCB ass’y, page 136 corrected. Added notes in chapter 3.19. Minor corrections in text and display pictures. Rev. D Figures 3-6, 3-9, 3-19 and drawing/screen picture on page 39 and 50 corrected. Minor corrections in text. Updated according to autopilot SW 1.2.00 Rev. E Virtual feedback implemented.
Instruction manual Contents 1 System description ....................................................................................... 9 1.1 General .................................................................................................. 9 1.2 How to use this manual......................................................................... 9 1.3 System components............................................................................. 10 1.4 AP25 Control Unit ................................
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 4 Heading capture .................................................................................. 21 Automatic control of steering parameters........................................... 22 Power boat........................................................................................... 22 Sailboat................................................................................................
Instruction manual AUTO Mode ....................................................................................... 56 NAV Mode.......................................................................................... 58 WIND Mode ....................................................................................... 58 2.25 Quick Setup......................................................................................... 59 VMG optimizing (RACING).........................................................
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 JS10 Joystick....................................................................................... 82 S35 NFU Lever installation ................................................................ 82 Interfacing ........................................................................................... 83 SimNet.................................................................................................
Instruction manual 4.6 Display units ..................................................................................... 113 4.7 Sea Trial ............................................................................................ 114 Set Rudder zero................................................................................. 115 Minimum rudder ............................................................................... 115 Compass calibration.......................................................
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Autopilot Control Unit...................................................................... 137 6 Trouble shooting ...................................................................................... 139 6.1 Alarms ............................................................................................... 139 7 Spare Parts List........................................................................................ 144 8 Technical Specifications .............................
System description 1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 1.1 General Congratulations on the purchase of your new Simrad AP25 autopilot system and thank you for selecting what we feel is the most advanced autopilot system available on the market today. Simrad manufactures a complete range of autopilots for all types of vessels, from recreational boats to merchant marine vessels. The company's involvement in autopilots began in 1953 with equipment for the North Sea fishing fleet under the brand name Robertson.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Other documentation material that is provided with your system includes a warranty card. This must be filled out by the authorized dealer that performed the installation and mailed in to activate the warranty. 1.
System description 1.4 AP25 Control Unit A compact autopilot control for panel, bulkhead or bracket mounting. Large LCD 5” display for readout of autopilot data, mode keys and a rotary course knob. It has two Robnet2 connectors for system interconnection and expansion and two SimNet connectors for control and data sharing with other Simrad products. A NMEA2000 Adaptor Cable is available for interface through a SimNet port (page 146). 1.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 1.7 Heading Sensors The AP25 autopilot can be used with the following combinations of heading sensors: RC36 Rate compass Fluxgate compass with integrated rate sensor. Provides a dramatic improvement to the dynamic performance of both the autopilot and a stabilized radar display. RC36 comes as standard with the autopilot. RFC35 Electronic Fluxgate Compass (optional) A compact heading sensor from Simrad with 15 m (45 feet) of cable.
System description 1.8 Optional equipment A series of optional equipment are available for the basic AP25 system. R3000X Remote Control A small handheld remote control with two push buttons for power steering or course selection (port and starboard), and one push button with built-in lighted indicator for limited mode change. JS10 Joystick The JS10 Joystick is a Non-Follow-Up steering lever designed for indoor and outdoor console mount.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Multiple stations Multiple control units can be added to the system. See comparison chart on page 11. 1.9 Software record When the system is switched on, a status display shows the software versions for the control unit and the autopilot computer. See page 16. Software version Description Note ! 14 SW 1.1.00 First issue SW 1.2.00 NoDrift mode implemented. Easy access to NAV source selection. Selectable NAV change limit implemented.
Operation 2 OPERATION WARNING ! An autopilot is a very useful navigational aid, but DOES NOT under any circumstance replace a human navigator.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot The control unit shown above can operate as a stand alone unit in an autopilot system or combined in a multistation system. In a multistation system the command can easily be transferred from one unit to another. Units not in control will display "Inactive" and/or . The AP25 system is capable of the following primary steering modes: STBY (power steering), AUTO, NAV and WIND, each mode having a dedicated push button.
Operation After approximately 5 seconds, the system is operative and the unit that was turned on will show the Standby mode display. Other units in a multistation system will display "Inactive". Control is transferred to any single unit by pressing its’ STBY button. A long press (2-3 sec.) on the STBY button switches the system OFF and during this time, the alarm will sound.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 2.3 Note ! AP25 with MSD50 Stern Drive unit The information in section 2.3 only applies if your autopilot is driving a Simrad MSD50 Stern Drive. The MSD50 Stern drive unit has a relative feedback signal which needs a zero point setting after the autopilot has been turned on. Refer to the MSD50 manual for further information.
Operation 2.4 Follow-Up steering (FU) Not applicable for Virtual feedback configuration (page 67). Note ! In the Follow-Up steering mode the course knob may be used to set rudder commands. The commanded rudder angle is shown on the display and the rudder will move to the commanded angle and stop. Press both buttons simultaneously to activate Follow-Up WARNING ! Use course knob to command rudder angle While in Follow-up mode you cannot take manual control of the wheel.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 2.6 R3000X Remote Control (NFU) SIMRAD Push button for Port and Stbd commands STBY-AUTO STBY/automatic. Automatic modes are active when the lamp is lit. Simrad R3000X In STANDBY mode, the rudder will move as long as the Port or Stbd button is pressed. In AUTO mode and Wind modes the set course or set wind angle will change 1° each time the button is pressed. Note! If you keep the button pressed, it will automatically change the setting in increments of 3° per second.
Operation 2.8 Automatic Steering When AUTO mode is selected, the AP25 automatically picks the current boat heading as the set course and maintains the simultaneous rudder angle. This gives a bumpless transfer at the mode change. Automatic steering mode Set course: 340 degrees Compass reading: 340°M Heading source: Rate compass Rudder angle: 00° Speed: 8.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Automatic steering mode New “captured” heading: 305 degrees Compass reading: 301° M (Magnetic) or T (True) Heading source: Rate compass Rudder angle: 01° to stbd. Speed: 8.1 kt water speed from the log Steering parameter: LO-A Regain manual steering by pressing the STBY button 2.
Operation 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Speed ters me ara p se pon res O L s pon res I H ters me ara p e Transition to LO parameters with increasing speed: 10 Knots Transition Speed set to 9 Knots Transition to HI parameters with decreasing speed: 8 Knots Sailboat When sailing in WIND mode, the parameters are automatically changed by the direction of the wind as per below or by the boat speed.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Quick double press Notes ! 1. If you are in NAV or WIND modes you need not enter AUTO mode to manually change the parameter set. Just make a quick double press on the AUTO button. 2. The manually selected setting (HI or LO) will override the automatic selection and remain in effect until you re-enter any automatic mode from STBY. 2.11 PATTERN steering The AP25 offers a number of different pattern steering features when in AUTO mode. The U-turn pattern is always available.
Operation C-turn The AP25 provides a continuous turn feature when in AUTO mode. This may be used for circling fish or a particular object on the seabed. C-turn makes the boat turn in a circle with a constant rate of turn. The user decides whether the C-turn should be made to Port or to Starboard. Ensure that the C-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page 55. To enter C-turn mode: First select U-turn with a press of the TURN/DODGE button.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Spiral-turn The spiral turn feature may also be used for circling fish or when searching a particular object on the seabed. Spiral-turn makes the boat turn in a spiral with a decreasing or increasing rate of turn. The user decides whether the spiral-turn should be made to Port or Starboard. Ensure that the Spiral-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page 55.
Operation Zigzag-turns A zigzag turn pattern is also available when in AUTO mode. The user decides whether the first turn should be made to Port or Starboard. Ensure that the zigzag-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page 55. To enter zigzag turn mode: Press of the TURN/DODGE button repeatedly until ZIGZAG is flashing in the display. The course change can be set before the turn is initiated. (Range: 2-70°).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Square-turn The square turn feature in AUTO mode can also be made a rectangle or any pattern when the next turn is 90°. The user decides whether the first turn should be to Port or Starboard. Ensure that the Square-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page 55. To enter Square turn mode: Press of the TURN/DODGE button repeatedly until SQUARE is flashing in the display.
Operation Lazy S-turn The AP25 also provides a lazy S-turn feature when in AUTO mode. The user decides whether the initial turn should be made to Port or to Starboard. Ensure that the lazy S-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page 55. To enter Lazy S-turn mode: Press of the TURN/DODGE button repeatedly until LAZY S is flashing in the display. The course change can be adjusted before the turn is initiated (2-80°).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Depth Contour Steering to a depth contour is also an AUTO mode feature. With input from an echo sounder, the autopilot can be set to steer the boat to a set depth. This is very useful if you want to follow a depth contour. Smooth seabed Slope Caution ! Rocky waters Narrow channel Ridge Do not use this feature unless the seabed is suitable. Do not use it in rocky waters where the depth is varying significantly over a small area.
Operation Select depth slope with the course knob. “/” means shallow is to starboard, “\” means shallow to port. Steer the boat to the depth you want to track and in the direction of the depth contour (main course). When the wanted depth is shown in the display, activate the depth contour steering with PORT or STBD button (any of the two). If you do not press PORT or STBD within 1 minute, the autopilot will return to AUTO mode and stay on course.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot course. Each time the boat crosses the reference depth the sign (+/-) of the CCA is changed and makes the boat turn to cross the reference depth contour in the opposite direction. The larger the CCA the bigger the turn. CCA set to 15 degrees Approaching reference depth from port Reference depth CCA set to 15 degrees Approaching reference depth from starboard Range: (0-50) 2.
Operation Perform dodging in one of the following ways: 1. Manually steer the boat by the wheel: 2. Non Follow Up steering by pressing: or 3. Follow Up steering by pressing both: or using NFU steering lever and using the course knob To return from Dodge mode, press one of the following: Note ! 2.13 Selects AUTO Selects AUTO mode mode and returns with the current or to the last set heading as the set course course Using NFU or FU modes while dodging will make “NFU” or “FU” flash instead of “DODGE”.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot STANDBY Non-Follow Up steering mode Heading to be maintained by rudder Heading to be maintained by rudder and thruster AUTO mode Heading maintained by Heading maintained rudder by rudder and thruster Note ! 34 When operating an On/Off thruster be aware that most electrical thrusters have a built in thermal cut-off switch. The switch will shut off the motor if it is overheating and re-engage it when it has cooled down. The water temperature also affects the running time.
Operation 2.14 Tacking in Auto mode The tack function is only available in sailboats when the system is set up for SAIL boat type in the installation setup. Tacking in AUTO mode is different from tacking in WIND mode. In AUTO mode the tack angle is fixed and can be set in the Installation/Dockside menu. Default tack angle is 100°. Tacking should only be performed into the wind and must be tried out in calm sea conditions with light wind to find out how it works on your boat.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Select NoDrift in the Setup menu when in STANDBY or AUTO mode. Press the NAV WIND button to enter NoDrift mode. The NAV WIND key is now programmed to always activate the NoDrift mode. If you want the key to activate NAV mode, enter the User Setup menu and select NAV. NoDrift mode Set course: 345 NoDrift indicator: 0.000nm Pos Source: CP34 Heading: 345°M Note ! To operate in NoDrift mode your GPS/chart plotter must be turned on.
Operation 2.16 Note ! Navigating with the AP25 The source when operating in NAV mode is the Navigation (Nav) source. The AP25 has the capability to use steering information from an external navigator (GPS, Chart Plotter) to direct the boat to a specific waypoint location, or through a route of waypoints. In the NAV mode, the AP25 uses the compass as heading source for course keeping.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot The prompt display shows the name or number of the next waypoint (WP), the bearing of the track line (BWW) from the previous waypoint to the destination waypoint, the required course change (CHG) and the direction in which the boat will turn. Note ! If only one waypoint has been entered the bearing will be from the present position to the destination waypoint. The lower left portion shows the compass heading and the lower right portion shows the rudder angle and speed.
Operation Note ! If the required course change is more than the NAV change limit (default 10°), you have to verify that the upcoming course change is acceptable. This is a safety feature. See page 124 on how to change the ‘NAV change limit’. Alert screen. Press NAV button to verify course change larger than 10°. If no verification is received, the AP25 will continue on the current set course in AUTO mode.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Example: With the speed of 20 knots you should use a waypoint circle with radius 0.09 nm. Note ! 2.17 The distance between any waypoints in a route must not be smaller than the radius of the waypoint arrival circle when using automatic waypoint shift. Dodge in NAV When dodging in NAV mode, the course displayed as Course To Steer (CTS) is the boat’s recommended heading. However, the previous set course is stored by the AP25.
Operation To return from Dodge mode, press one of the following: 1. Returns to NAV mode at present position with a new NAV prompt. Keeps all offset estimates (Wind/current etc.) in the algorithms (recommended). 2. Selects NAV mode at present position with a new NAV prompt. May result in a less accurate return to the track. 3. 2.18 Selects AUTO mode with the current heading as the set course.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot The display will show the set wind angle. Adjustments to this set angle can be made by using the course knob or PORT or STBD button. The display also presents heading and rudder angle. Wind (vane) mode Set wind angle: 044 degrees from stbd. Measured wind angle: 041°A (apparent) (T = True) Course to steer: 309° Compass reading: 311° M (magnetic) T (true) Heading source: Rate compass Rudder angle: 01° to port Speed over ground (SOG): 8.
Operation 2.20 Tacking and gybing in Wind mode In WIND mode there is a tacking and gybing aid function. Tacking in WIND mode as compared to AUTO mode can be performed when sailing with apparent or true wind as the reference, and with a true wind angle of less than 90 degrees. The tacking operation will immediately mirror the set wind angle to the opposite side. A tacking-message will flash on the display for 5 seconds. Any new command given when the message is flashing, will interrupt the tack operation.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Tack and gybe operations Gybing is possible when the true wind angle is larger than 120°. When a gybe is initiated, the wind angle will first be set to 170°T on the same side as the current wind angle. The main sail should now be hauled. With the main sail safely hauled, the wind side may be changed. This is done by pressing either PORT or STBD buttons depending on the way the boat should continue to turn.
Operation the wind side is shifted and an unwanted gybe may happen. This can be hazardous for both the crew and the mast. The gybe prevent function will be activated when the measured apparent wind angle becomes greater than 175° or when the wind angle gets opposite to the set wind angle. Additional rudder will be commanded to keep the wind on the same side as the set wind angle. Caution ! 2.21 The tack and gybe prevent functions are not a guarantee against getting into a hazardous situation.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot [1] [2] [4] [3] [7] [5] [6] [8] Figure 2-2 Wind steering 46 20221495F
Operation Operating in WINDNAV mode Refer to Figure 2-2 with references [ ] the associated displays and the criteria (bullets) below. • The set wind angle should be larger than the ‘Minimum wind angle’ set in the Installation/Dockside menu and smaller than 170° Apparent. • Information about when it is time to head directly towards the waypoint, Distance To Turn (DTT) and Estimated Time to Turn (ETT) are displayed.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 2.22 Multiple station system In normal operation control is accessible from every control unit connected to the AP25 system. One control unit is "active" and provides the user with access to all functions. All remaining control units are "inactive" and have no effect on mode changes or course selection. A single press on any of the mode buttons on an "inactive" control unit will allow transfer of command and make it "active". 2.
Operation The “Lock function is disengaged by one of the following actions: • The active control unit unlocks the other ones and makes them “inactive” by another double press on the STBY button. It also displays the icon before it returns to the normal active state. • The system is switched OFF by any control unit (press STBY for 2-3 seconds).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 2.24 User Set-up Menu In the AP25, all modes except NFU and FU have a complemental User Set-up menu. You can easily access the set-up menu by a quick double press on the INFO/SETUP button.
Operation NAV WIND This setup will configure the active mode under the NAV WIND button. The following alternatives are available: • NAV (Ref page 37) • NoDrift (Ref. page 35) • WIND Auto Wind steering will be disabled when ‘NAV’ or ‘NoDrift’ is selected. Note ! Wind steering is only available if ‘Boat type’ is set to ‘Sail’ in the Installation/Dockside menu (see Dockside settings, page 100). If ‘NAV WIND’ is set to ‘WIND Auto’, wind steering will be enabled.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot The ‘Nav/Wind’ parameter can be set in the User Setup or in the Quick setup. Quick setup is activated after by quick double press on the NAV WIND button. ‘WIND Apparent’ is selected when you only want to steer to apparent wind. Apparent wind steering is preferred when you want to achieve maximum boat speed. The autopilot will try to maintain a constant apparent wind angle to get maximum thrust from a given trim of the sails.
Operation Note ! SimNet will automatically select Position source and Navigation source from the same GPS/Chart plotter. If you want them to be different you have to change them manually. Auto source update Is used for automatically update of sources if the interfaced units have been removed/added or switched on/off. Select Auto source update by rotating the course knob.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Compass Select the compass to be used if more than one compass is connected. Note! Compass can only be selected in STBY mode Navigation Select a source for NAV mode steering. Position Select the source for position data and NoDrift mode. Wind Apparent Select the source for Apparent wind. Wind Calculated Select the source for Calculated Wind data for the Simrad group. The autopilot uses internal source irrespective of the selected source.
Operation Course Adjust When using the (PORT) or (STBD) buttons in AUTO mode, you are changing the set course in 1° increments. If you prefer the increments to be 10° each press (does not apply for sailboats), proceed as follows: Select Course adjust and turn the course knob to change the setting. The default value is 1°, which is the preferred setting. Select 10° if you want to make major course changes in 10° increments with the buttons and fine-tune the set course with the course knob.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot AUTO Mode Settings that are added for the AUTO and WIND modes are shown below. Other relevant settings are described under STANDBY mode in this chapter. Response The Autotune function in the AP25 is so refined that 80-85 % of the boats will need no further adjustments of the steering parameters. On some boats, however, or at particular sea conditions a fine tuning of the steering parameters may improve the performance of the autopilot.
Operation Thruster sens (only available if a thruster is connected). The Thruster sensitivity determines how many degrees the vessel will deviate from the set course before a thruster command is given. As the vessel deviates from its heading, the thruster will push the vessel back on. A higher value will reduce the thruster activity. If the thruster commands are hunting from side to side, the set value for Thruster sens may be too low. Range: 3° to 30° in 1° increments. Default: 5°.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot NAV Mode The User setup for NAV mode is similar to the User setup for AUTO mode. It does not include the Nav/Wind and the Source select items. The User setup 2 contains the Set shallow water alarm and the Contrast setting. Refer to User Set-up for STANDBY mode. WIND Mode The User setup menu for WIND mode is the same as for NAV mode.
Operation WIND Auto This line will only appear if the autopilot has been set up for racing in the installation menu (page 106). See page 51 for information about the RACING parameters. User setup2 The User setup 2 contains the Set shallow water alarm and the Contrast setting. Refer to User setup 2 for STANDBY mode. 2.25 Quick Setup Quick Setup gives easy access to the racing parameters provided the Wind setup has been set to RACING in the Installation/Dockside menu (see page 106).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Layline steering (RACING) ‘Layline steering’ can only be enabled or disabled when ‘Wind setup’ is set to ‘RACING’. It is enabled in the ‘NORMAL’ submode. Layline steering is useful when navigating. It will use the Cross Track Error (XTE) from the navigator to keep the boat on the track line. If the XTE from the navigator exceeds 0.15 nm, the autopilot will calculate its own layline towards the waypoint and follow that. Layline steering is not active when turning, tacking or gybing.
Operation Step or scroll through the available instrument screens by pressing the PORT or STBD button or using the course knob. The right hand side of the display will show the following instrument screens: If you prefer not to have all the instrument pages available in the INFO menu, you may remove pages under the User setup 2 menu. See page 55. Return to last instrument screen by a simple press on the INFO button.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Course knob icon Initially when the INFO menu is accessed an icon will replace the mode index to tell that no course changes or other course related settings can be made unless you press a mode key. The icon will time out after 3-5 seconds and be replaced by the mode index. Note ! Whenever the INFO menu is active and the mode index is present, operating the PORT and STBD button or the course knob will immediately make the main display reappear.
Operation INFO menu and Main Screen, active unit INFO-menu Main screen 11 12 1 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 6 3-5 sec.
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Installation 3 INSTALLATION 3.1 General This section provides detailed information required to successfully installing AP25 Autopilot system.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot b) Compass calibration c) Compass Offset adjustment d) Automatic tuning e) Viewing parameters 9. Test Autopilot Operation at Sea (refer to Sea Trial instructions, pages 114, 132) 10. Provide the user with training (Page 133) 3.3 Unpacking and handling Care should be taken when unpacking and handling the equipment.
Installation Notes! 1. On boats powered by outboards or stern drives it may be difficult to install a rudder feedback unit (chapter 3.6 and 3.27). Use of the Virtual feedback algorithms in the software may then be preferred as this requires no installation of a rudder feedback unit (page 109). The Virtual Feedback can be used on boats up to 40 ft. 2. In order to benefit from the virtual feedback technology your autopilot system must be using a Simrad rate compass for heading information. 3.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Note ! Note ! transmission link. The slots enable maximum flexibility to provide the 1:1 mechanical linkage relationship. Do not try to remove the transmitter arm from the feedback unit. The unit is factory adjusted and need no further adjustment at installation than described below. As a starting point, it is desirable to set the transmitter rod to the inner limit of the outer slot if possible. (Refer to Figure 3-2).
Installation Note ! Due to space limitations, it may be necessary to cut the length of the transmitter rod to move the RF300 closer to the rudder post. Tighten the mounting screws for both the RF300 feedback unit and the transmitter rod ball joint. Observe the RF300 while someone turns the helm wheel through the complete travel from full port to full stbd. rudder to verify that the mechanical linkage to the RF300 is not obstructed. AUTOPILOT COMPUTER MAIN PCB RF RF + Rudder Feedb.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 3.8 Cable connections Use only shielded cables. This includes Mains input, drive units and if necessary for the extension of the RF300 Rudder Feedback cable. The clutch/bypass cable and the solenoid cable should be 1,5 mm2 (AWG14). Signal cables should be 0.5 mm2 (AWG20) twisted pairs. The mains supply cable and the drive unit motor cable should have sufficient wire gauge. This will minimize voltage drop and allow the drive unit to operate at full power.
Installation Note! The Mains input is not polarity protected on AC40.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 3.10 Drive unit installation The relations between drive units, drive unit voltage, autopilot computer, drive performance and interface to the steering gear are shown in the tables below. Refer to the connecting diagram for the different drive units on page 74 onwards. Installation instruction for the drive units are found in the manual for the individual units. The maximum drive current capability of the AC10, AC20 and AC40 autopilot computers are different.
Installation LINEAR DRIVE UNITS MOTOR VOLTS AUTOPILOT COMPUTER MAX STROKE mm (in.) PEAK THRUST kg (lb.) MAX RUDDER TORQUE Nm (lb.in.) HARDOVER TIME sec. (30% load) PWR. CONSUMP. TILLER ARM mm (in.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot PREVIOUS MODELS DRIVE OF UNITS Model Autopilot computer Drive unit voltage Input voltage (Mains) Drive output Interface to steering gear RPU100 (1,0l) RPU150 (1,5l) RPU200 (2,0l) (Reversible hydraulic pump) RPU1 (1,4/2,0l) RPU3 (3,8/5,0l) AC20 AC20 AC20 12V 12V 24V 12,24,32V Proportional rate Hydraulic plumbing AC10 AC10 12V, 24V 24V, 24V Solenoid valves, on/off Hydraulic plumbing MRD100 (Reversible mechanical drive) AC40 AC20 12V 24V 12,24,32V 24,32V 12V to clutch
Installation Connecting a hydraulic linear drive HYDRAULIC LINEAR DRIVE AUTOPILOT COMPUTER POWER PCB TB1 TB2 TB3 TB4 TB5 TB6 TB7 Sol. -Motor Sol. -Motor Drive Engage Single pole clutch/bypass switch Figure 3-6 Connecting a hydraulic linear drive Connecting a solenoid valve AUTOPILOT COMPUTER SOLENOID VALVE POWER PCB TB1 TB2 TB3 TB4 TB5 TB6 Sol. -Motor Sol. gnd Sol. gnd Sol. -Motor Sol. TB7 Sol.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 3.11 Control unit installation Avoid mounting the control unit(s) where it is easily exposed to sunlight, as this will shorten the lifetime of the display. If this is not possible, make sure the units are always covered with the white protection cover when not used. Caution ! Do not install the control unit where moisture at the rear can be present. It could cause damage by entering the breathing hole or by coming into contact with the electrical connectors.
Installation Optional bracket mounting • Locate the cradle on the mounting site and mark the 4 holes for the fixing screws on the mounting surface. • Drill the 4 mounting holes and screw the cradle to the mounting surface. • Use the supplied screws to fasten the control unit to the left and right brackets. • Apply the front panel corners. • Use the two locking knobs to assemble the cradle with the left and right brackets and adjust the control head to best viewing angle.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot both ends are available in 1, 5 and 10 m length. For cable extension a Robnet2 T-Joiner is required. When installing a system, try to minimize total Robnet2 cable length by connecting all Robnet2 units to the nearest available Robnet2 connector. Total length of Robnet2 cable installed in a system should not exceed 50 m (165').
Installation AP25 CONTROL UNIT REAR VIEW J3 J2 J4 MAIN PCB TB15 On-Off Vsys Vsys+ Bus+ Bus J1 AUTOPILOT COMPUTER Bn Wh Pnk Gry Yel ROBNET Connect to any of the two Robnet2 connectors Figure 3-11 Control unit connection J1 and J2 (top) are Robnet2 connectors. J3 and J4 are SimNet connectors. AP27 connection If a Simrad AP27 is part of the system, use the JP27 Jack Point and connect as shown on Figure 3-9.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot mounting location. As the heading is displayed on the AP25 Control Unit, the heading sensor can be mounted at a remote location. The RC36 rate compass also contains a magnetic heading sensor, so particular attention must be paid to the location. It can be mounted on deck or bulkhead, athwartship or alongship and has a 15 m (99’) cable with a Robnet2 connector.
Installation RATE COMPASS AP16, AP25, AP26 Figure 3-13 RC36 connection to autopilot control unit Plug the RC36 into a Robnet2 connector (see Figure 3-9) or cut the connector from the cable and connect the wires in parallel with the cable shown in Figure 3-11. 3.14 RFC35 Fluxgate Compass installation (Optional back-up compass) The RFC35 Fluxgate Compass is a magnetic sensor, which means you have to take the same precautions at installation as for the standard RC36 (see previous page).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 3.15 R3000X Remote Control installation R3000X should be mounted in the supplied bracket that can be fixed by four mounting screws. The unit is weather proof and can be mounted outdoor. R3000X REMOTE CONTROL AUTOPILOT COMPUTER POWER PCB T B 1 T B 2 TB3 TB4 TB5 TB6 TB8 TB7 Gnd Stbd Port Lamp Yel G n R ed Blu REM OTE Figure 3-15 R3000X connection 3.16 JS10 Joystick Refer to separate installation instructions supplied with the JS10 Joystick. 3.
Installation S35 STEERING LEVER AUTOPILOT COMPUTER PO W ER PC B TB7 REMOTE TB1 TB2 TB3 TB4 TB5 Gnd Port Stbd Grn Pn k / G r y Ye l Br n / W h N O T E! D i s r e g a r d t h e co l o r c o d e on the ter mi nal lab el. Lamp TB6 Figure 3-16 S35 connection The unit is opened by removing the three screws on the back cover. Inside are two sets of micro-switches, a printed circuit board with a plug-in terminal and a jumper strap. 3.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot SimNet network cables A SimNet unit has one or two yellow SimNet connectors. There are no dedicated “in” or “out” connectors. Find the shortest and easiest way to route the SimNet cables from product to product and select the standard length cables from the SimNet accessory program. SimNet cables are available in 0.3 m (1 ft.), 2 m (6.6 ft.), 5 m (16.6 ft.) and 10 m (33 ft.) length all with plugs at both ends.
Installation COM BI DATA COM BI SIM RAD IS12 SIM RAD IS12 SIMRAD IS12 STBY ALARM TIMER UPPER INFO L OWER INFO LIGHT ALARM TIM ER UPPER INFO LOWER INFO LIGHT PAGE UPPER INFO INFO LOWER INFO 10 10 AUTO PWR LIGHT SETUP NAV WIND 1 TURN DODGE 1 Figure 3-17 SimNet network, small system COM BI DATA COM BI SIMRAD IS12 SIMRAD IS12 SIM RAD IS1 2 STBY PWR LIGHT ALARM TIM ER UPPER INFO LOWER INFO LIGHT ALARM TIM ER UPPER INFO LOWER INFO LIGHT PAGE UPPER INFO LOWER INFO I
Simrad AP25 Autopilot COM BI COM BI SIM RA D IS1 2 LIGHT ALARM TIMER UPPER INFO LIGHT ALARM TIM ER UPPER INFO SIM RAD IS12 SIM RA D IS1 2 SIM RAD IS12 LOWER INFO DATA COM BI LOWER INFO LIGHT ALARM TIMER UPPER INFO LOWER INFO LIGHT PAGE UPPER INFO LOWER INFO STBY PWR AUTO NAV WIND DODGE INFO Figure 3-19 SimNet network, medium system Notes ! 1. Maximum total length of SimNet cable is 40 m (130 ft.) excluding the 30 m (99 ft.) of masthead cable. 2.
Installation COM BI STBY PWR INFO SETUP NAV WIND SIM RAD IS12 10 10 AUTO 1 TURN DODGE 1 LIGHT ALARM TIM ER UPPER INFO DATA COM BI SIM RAD IS12 SIM RAD IS12 LOWER INFO LIGHT ALARM TIM ER UPPER INFO LOWER INFO LIGHT PAGE UPPER INFO LOWER INFO Figure 3-20 Robnet2 and SimNet network * The wind transducer has a built in terminator 20221495F 87
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Figure 3-21 Robnet2, SimNet and Roblink network Notes ! 1. Maximum total length of SimNet cable is 60 m (196 ft.) excluding the 30 m (99 ft.) of masthead cable. 2. It is not necessary to connect all autopilot control units to SimNet for data sharing. However, if you want to have full redundancy and SimNet control, e.g. select sources, you have to connect the actual unit to SimNet. 3. AT15 is a NMEA0183/SimNet converter for the IS15 Instrument system. IS15 makes no load on SimNet. 4.
Installation 3.20 Single NMEA input/output NAV RECEIVER OR PLOTTER (NMEA talker) AUTOPILOT COMPUTER MAIN PCB TB13 TB14 Gnd RX1+ RX1 Sys. sel. Vbat+ TX1 TX1+ NMEA listener NMEA Input 1 NMEA Output1 Note IS15 RUDDER IS15 COMPASS RADAR Figure 3-22 Single NMEA connection Caution ! 3.21 If an IS15 Instrument is powered from TB14 Vbat+ and Gnd, please observe that Vbat output voltage will follow mains supply voltage. IS15 Compass can only operate on 12V.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 3.22 NMEA output on Port 2 Output signal Output terminal Output sentence Continuous output of compass heading at 10 Hz (10x/sec.) Rudder angle output at 5 Hz NMEA format Autopilot Computer Power PCB. NMEA2, TX2+, TX2–. HDT (True) or HDG (Magn.) depending on heading source. RSA Rudder angle 3.23 NMEA Compass input AC20/AC40 AUTOPILOT COMPUTER POWER PCB TB8 NMEA COMPASS TB9 TB10 RX2+ RX2 NMEA Input2 Figure 3-24 NMEA compass connection: Notes ! 1.
Installation 3.24 Radar Clock/Data SIMRAD/ ANRITSU OR FURUNO RADAR AC20/AC40 AUTOPILOT COMPUTER POWER PCB TB8 TB9 TB10 Clk_c Clk_h Data_h Data_c R adar Figure 3-25 Radar Clock/Data connection 3.25 IS15 Instrument installation For installation and operation of the IS15 instruments refer to separate manuals. There are two options for interfacing the IS15, SimNet (see page 83) and NMEA0183.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot If IS15 Expander is used in the instrument system, the NMEA connections are made to this unit. See Figure 3-27.
Installation 3.26 External Alarm The external alarm circuit has an open collector output for an external alarm relay or buzzer (not on AC10). The operating voltage for the circuit is the main supply voltage. Max. load on external alarm output is 0.9 Amp. AUTOPILOT COMPUTER POWER PCB TB6 TB7 TB8 TB9 Ext. alarm Figure 3-28 External alarm connection 3.27 Caution ! LF3000 Linear Feedback The rod of the LF3000 is not locked in place in the cylinder.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot two washers and the cap nut provided. Adjust the location of the LF3000 Linear Feedback to allow full travel of the hydraulic cylinder without causing the retainer plate to hit the end of the cylinder. Check that the outboard motor can be tilted freely. Tighten all nuts and the mounting bracket. Turn the helm slowly by hand to the stop on either side, check that the rod does not bind up in any direction.
Configuration and setup 4 CONFIGURATION AND SETUP 4.1 First time turn on Before attempting to turn on the AP25 and perform an Installation Setup, the hardware installation and electrical connections must be completed in accordance with the installation instructions. The design of the AP25 includes advanced features that have simplified the installation and setup of an autopilot. Note ! If the autopilot is going to use Virtual feedback (page 67) you must first go to page 109.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot The display will read ‘SETUP REQUIRED’. Continue with the installation setup according to the next chapters. If you already have completed the installation settings, the autopilot will enter STBY mode. 4.2 Note ! Description of Installation Settings The installation settings must be performed as part of the installation of the AP25 system. Failure to do so correctly may prohibit the AP25 from functioning properly! The Installation menu can only be accessed in STBY mode.
Configuration and setup Some important points regarding the installation settings: • When the AP25 is delivered new from the factory AND ANY TIME AFTER A MASTER RESET OF MEMORIES HAS BEEN PERFORMED, the installation settings are all reset to factory preset (default) values. The automatic interface prompt will appear (see page 95) and a complete setup has to be made. • The values that are selected from within the Installation Settings Menu, are stored in the memory of the AP25 system.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot • Change the selected item by rotating the course knob in either direction. • Exit the Installation Menu by pressing STBY, AUTO, or NAV/WIND buttons. When using the Installation Menu, refer to the diagram "Installation settings Menu Flow Chart" on next page. Note ! You may proceed through all items in the installation menu by continuing pressing the STBD button.
Configuration and setup INSTALLATION MENU ENTER INSTALLATION MENU BY PRESSING AND HOLDING THE SETUP BUTTON FOR 5 SECONDS LANGUAGE MENU LANGUAGE ENGLISH DEUTSCH FRANCAIS ESPANOL ITALIANO NEDERLANDS SVENSKA NORSK SYMBOLS SELECT OR CONFIRM BY COURSE KNOB PROCEED TO NEXT MENU ITEM BY PRESSING STBD BUTTON REVERT TO PREVIOUS MENU ITEM DOCKSIDE MENU Mode in STBY ? Yes DOCKSIDE No BOAT TYPE DRIVE UNIT VOLTAGE RUDDER CAL STBD RUDDER CAL PORT RUDDER TEST? DRIVE ENGAGE RUDDER DEADBAND WIND SETUP MIN.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 4.4 Note ! Dockside settings If the autopilot has no rudder feedback unit installed (configured for Virtual feedback), refer to the Dockside settings on page 109112.
Configuration and setup Drive unit voltage Set the drive unit voltage to correct level. The selections are 12V, 24V, or 32V and should be set to the voltage specified for your drive unit. Refer to the drive unit table on page 72 for information. The drive engage/bypass clutch output follows the same voltage as set for the drive unit. It is not possible to select a higher voltage than the input voltage.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Confirm Rudder feedback calibration to STBD by turning the course knob clockwise. Manually turn the helm to starboard until the rudder stops at starboard lock (H.O.). The value on the display is the angle read by the rudder feedback unit before any adjustment is made. If the actual rudder angle is different from that of the display, correct the reading by turning the course knob clockwise to increase the value or counter clockwise to decrease the value. See note.
Configuration and setup Rudder Test Note ! If the boat uses power assisted steering, it is important that the engine or electric motor used to enable the power assist steering be turned on prior to this test. Bring the rudder manually to midship position before starting the test. Caution ! Stand CLEAR of the wheel and do not attempt to take manual control of the wheel during this test! Activate the automatic rudder test by turning the course knob clockwise.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot The Motor Drive out (displayed in percentage) is the amount of available power needed to achieve recommended rudder speed when on automatic steering Maximum speed (100%) is used in NFU mode. See also “Final Sea Trial” on page 132. The screen also tells whether a clutch is installed or not. If the Automatic rudder test fails, refer to ”Alarms” beginning on page 139 Test of LF3000/LFI3000 Mk2 feedback 1. Align engines to centre position; “zero rudder”. 2.
Configuration and setup Drive engage This determines the use of the autopilot computer drive engage port (BYPASS/ CLUTCH terminals). The port voltage is the same as the selected drive unit voltage. Drive engage has the following settings: Bypass/clutch: The port will activate (go high), in all autopilot steering modes, and typically engages a bypass valve on a hydraulic linear drive or a clutch on a mechanical drive when entering any of the active autopilot modes.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Range: AUTO, 0.1° to 4.0° in 0.1° increments. Default: AUTO. Proceed to the next menu item by pressing the STBD button. Note ! The rudder deadband setting is not available when the autopilot is configured for Virtual feedback. Wind setup Wind setup is only available if ‘Boat type’ is set to ‘Sail’ in the Installation/Dockside menu. Wind setup has two levels: NORMAL and RACING. The RACING level will give access to more wind setup items to achieve optimal performance when sailing.
Configuration and setup Minimum wind angle (RACING) If ‘Wind setup’ is set to RACING, you can set different minimum wind angles for port and starboard. The difference between port and starboard wind angles will be taken into account when calculating the Estimated Time to Turn (ETT) and Distance To Turn (DTT). The minimum wind angle also applies when the autopilot is optimising the VMG (available parameter in the Quick setup menu when ‘Wind setup’ is set to RACING).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot A turn performed without shifting wind side, will also be made at a reduced turn rate. Shifting wind side when gybing, however, is an instant action from the autopilot and there is no limitation of the turn rate when making a gybe. Range: 2 – 50 seconds Default: 12s Wind shift limit (RACING) The monitored wind shift in WIND-mode is the wind shift angle measured from the last time the wind angle was set on the autopilot.
Configuration and setup Dockside settings when configured for Virtual Feedback The Virtual Feedback algorithms in the autopilot software enable your autopilot to steer without having to mount a conventional rudder feedback unit. These algorithms are designed for vessels up to 40 ft. powered by outboard or stern drives only. Installing a feedback unit, however, will always enhance the performance of an autopilot and provide an accurate rudder angle indicator on the autopilot display.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Virtual Feedback calibration To perform the Virtual Feedback calibration and rudder test you must be able to view the movement of the engines/drives (“rudder”). The Virtual feedback calibration is entered as a numerical value equal to the physical rudder angle observed at the hard over position. Use the course knob to enter the starboard and port rudder angle. Rudder test Activate the automatic rudder test by turning the course knob clockwise.
Configuration and setup If the rudder is not moving so as to give a starboard turn, press and hold the TURN/DODGE button for another 3 seconds. When the rudder is moving to starboard, turn the course knob clockwise to confirm. While observing the rudder, use the wheel to turn the rudder hard over to starboard position. Turn the wheel carefully a little to port just to release the hydraulic pressure. When ready confirm by turning the course knob clockwise Press and hold the TURN/DODGE button.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot The rudder will now be automatically centered. Note! The reading in the rudder angle display is not showing a rudder angle, only the direction of the rudder movement. The Rudder test is verified by the display showing ‘Motor OK’ or ‘Failed’. If ‘Failed’ is given, check for correct electrical connection.
Configuration and setup 4.5 Interface Settings Sets the format of the clock/data output for radars connected to the Autopilot Computer. Step to the Interface part of the Installation Menu. Turn the course knob clockwise to access the Interface Setup items. Use the course knob to select the connected type of radar. Note! This setting is not available in the AC10 Autopilot Computer. 4.6 Display units Select Display units by pressing STBD button and confirm by rotating the course knob clock-wise.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Available units are: Wind Speed: kt or m/s Sea temperature: °F or °C Depth: m or ft Exit the Display units menu by pressing STBD button to proceed to the Sea trial menu, or press STBY to return to normal AP25 operation. 4.7 Caution ! Sea Trial The Sea Trial must always be performed in open waters at a safe distance from other traffic. The Sea-trial menu can only be accessed if the Dockside Settings are completed and confirmed.
Configuration and setup Select Seatrial by pressing the STBD button and confirm by rotating the course knob clock-wise. Set Rudder zero (Not applicable when configured for Virtual feedback) This adjustment should be made in calm sea and side forces from wind or current should be avoided. • Bring the boat up to cruising speed, and head directly into the wind. • If the boat has twin engines, synchronize the engine RPM's. • Set the trim tabs and stabilizers to have no effect on the boats heading.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot By turning the Minimum Rudder function ‘On’, it may hence improve the course keeping performance on some boats, but it will increase the rudder activity. Turn the minimum rudder on by turning the rotary course knob. Range: OFF-ON. Default: OFF Note ! During the sea trial, only set Minimum Rudder to ON if it proves to give a better course keeping performance in calm sea. It should be set after the autotune has been performed and a possible fine tune of the Rudder parameter (page 127).
Configuration and setup The calibration should be done in calm sea conditions and with minimal wind to obtain good results. Use about 60-90 seconds to make a full circle. Increase speed: >>>>> Decrease speed: <<<<< Appropriate speed: > < 1. Select the ‘Calibration’ item on the display 2. Begin turning the boat (port or starboard). 3. Confirm start of calibration by turning the course knob clockwise. The display will flash “Calibrating”. Establish your turning rate using the arrows in the display. 4.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot compass to a different location. The local field angle will aid you to the local interfering magnetic object. See drawing. Lubber line Lubber line Magnitude of local field in % of earth’s magnetic field. Direction of local field with respect to lubber line. It can also be on the reciprocal. Note ! In certain areas and at high latitudes the local magnetic interference becomes more significant and heading errors exceeding ±3° may have to be accepted.
Configuration and setup Select the amount of correction by turning the course knob to offset the heading to agree with the known, accurate heading. The Offset value can be either positive or negative. Note ! If an OFFSET still exists after having compensated for it, one of the following problems may still exist: • The heading reference to which you are comparing the compass is not correct. • The automatic calibration is not correct. Refer to above “Compass deviation”.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Wind Offset Note ! This offset only applies if you have a wind transducer directly connected to SimNet (IS12TW) or a wind transducer that outputs data on NMEA2000 format. The Wind Offset feature allows you to correct for a fixed wind angle offset. Steer the boat directly into the wind with a damping of 15s. Keep the bow a steady heading for 15-20 sec. and read the wind angle. If necessary turn the course knob to input an off set that makes the display read Wind 000°.
Configuration and setup through water. If none of these are available, the AWF will use a boat speed that is 1.5 times the Transition Speed set in the Installation/Seatrial menu. Turn the course knob to adjust the wind damping. Range: 1 – 100 seconds Default: 15 seconds Depth Offset Note ! This adjustment only applies to “smart” depth transducers that outputs depth on NMEA2000 format. NMEA0183 sentence ‘DPT’ contains offset and the depth reading is from the surface.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Recommended speed during Automatic tuning varies with the type of boat, but should not exceed 10 knots. It should be performed in calm or moderate sea conditions. Note ! Automatic tuning should not be performed at planing speed or in following seas! For displacement boats use a speed that is approximately half the normal cruising speed (i.e. if cruising speed is 10 knots, perform the Automatic tuning at about 5 knots).
Configuration and setup Transition Speed The transition speed is the speed where the AP25 will automatically change the steering parameter set from HI to LO parameters, or vice versa (page 22). The default setting of transition speed is 5 kts. It is recommended that you set the transition speed to a speed that represents the speed where the hull begins to plane, or the speed where you change from slow to cruising speed. The speed used for the automatic transition is obtained with the following priority: 1.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot NAV change limit In NAV mode, when the required course change at the approaching waypoint is bigger than the set limit, you are prompted to verify that the upcoming course change is acceptable. The limit can be set to 10°, 20° or 30°. Default: 10° Rudder play compensation. (Only applicable when configured for Virtual feedback) Notes! 1.
Configuration and setup different at slow speed as compared to cruising speed and both situations have to be compensated for individually. This adjustment must be made when steering in dead calm sea. Confirm by turning the course knob clockwise. Note! This menu item can also be accessed directly in Auto mode. Press and hold the INFO/SETUP button until this display appears. The vertical bar is the lubber line (bow).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 4.8 Parameters A boats steering parameters found by the Automatic tuning can be looked at and if needed changed under this menu item. The steering parameters can also be set manually instead of performing an Automatic tuning. The parameters are divided into two sets (page 23): • HI value parameters for automatic steering at low speed and when running with a sailboat. • LO value parameters for automatic steering at high speed and when sailing into the wind or reaching with a sailboat.
Configuration and setup The two most important parameters that determine the performance of the automatic steering are Rudder and Counter Rudder. Rudder sets the rudder gain which is the ratio between the commanded angle and the heading error. Course to steer Too little Rudder Course to steer Too much Rudder • Too little Rudder and the autopilot fails to keep a steady course. • Too much Rudder gives unstable steering and reduces speed. • Low speed requires more Rudder than high speed.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot New course Correct setting of counter rudder, ideal response Autotrim standard value is 40 sec. which should work well on most boats. Rudder Limit should be kept at 20 degrees unless there is a need for more rudder when performing dockside manoeuvres. Recall Autotuned? To recall the parameter values that were achieved during the Automatic tuning procedure, rotate the course knob clockwise. When parameter values are recalled, Confirmed is displayed.
Configuration and setup System Data Menu Select System data by rotating the course knob clockwise. This menu provides you with additional system data that can be useful when testing or trouble shooting the system. Steer compass Steering Compass readout, M=Magnetic, T=True Rudder Rudder angle. Normally between zero and 45 degrees. Input voltage Mains voltage on input terminals Drive out Power needed to drive the unit in percent of full (100%) to get satisfactory rudder speed.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot For all data items, one of the following codes will be displayed: ––– No data or no NMEA sentence containing the data needed is available at the input port. OK Valid data found INV Message with invalid information.
Configuration and setup Under Service in the Installation Menu, select NMEA port test by pressing the STBD button and confirm this by rotating the course knob clockwise. Verify that the hardware is OK. If not, replace the corresponding PCB(‘s). Proceed to the Simnet Setup menu by pressing the STBD button, or press STBY to return to normal AP25 operation. Simnet setup Group selection SIMRAD: Autopilot is part of the Simrad Group. Source selection will be common for the products in the group (synchronized).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot SimNet gateway Indicates which control unit that transmits and receives information on SimNet. The display verifies by reading ‘Yes’, all other units display ‘No’. Global SimNet reset Resets the entire SimNet setup in the Simrad Group and initiates a new automatic interface setup. See chapter 4.1. Master Reset Note ! A Master Reset is part of the final test at the factory, which will reset the memories to factory settings.
Configuration and setup • If the hardware for automatic HI/LO selection is connected and configured, verify that the HI/LO transition is occurring, and the HI/LO parameters are changing after the transition speed is crossed (by more than 1 Knot higher or lower speed). • Try the effect of LO and HI parameter settings. • Try the Dodge and U-turn function. • If a Non-Follow Up lever (or handheld remote) is connected, test change of modes and verify port and starboard steering commands of the lever.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot • Using the lock mode, how to lock/unlock and how to shut the system down from a locked control unit, if applicable. • Use of the Non-Follow-up and Follow-up steering modes and learning the difference between the two. Note ! No Follow-up mode when configured for Virtual feedback • Use of a Non-Follow-up and Follow-up controller, if connected. • Changing course by rotary knob and buttons. • Stepping through the User Set-up Menu learning how to (and why to) change the settings.
Maintenance 5 MAINTENANCE 5.1 Control unit The AP25 Control Unit will under normal use require little maintenance. If the unit requires any form of cleaning, use fresh water and a mild soap solution (not a detergent). It is important to avoid using chemical cleaners and hydrocarbons such as diesel, petrol etc. Make sure that all open Robnet2 connectors are fitted with a protection cap.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 5.6 Exchange of software programme Autopilot Computer Autopilot Computer EPROM Figure 5-1 AC10/AC20/AC40 Main PC-Board • Remove the EPROM from the socket by means of the special extraction tool (p/n 44139806). • Insert the tool by pressing the two grip pins down into the two slots in the corners of the socket. • Squeeze the tool and pull out the EPROM.
Maintenance Autopilot Control Unit You will need a special kit for a PC to perform the programming of the AP25 Control Unit. Order the following from Simrad: Programming kit P/N 22088595. Instructions are included. Software download connector Figure 5-2 Part of AP25 PCB Remove the cables and unscrew the six screws that secure the back cover. Apply a firm pull with your fingers to pull the back cover loose from the connector pins. Then you have access to the software download connector.
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Trouble shooting 6 TROUBLE SHOOTING An autopilot is a complex system. Its performance dependents on a proper installation and a successful sea trial. In the event of an autopilot failure, the AP25’s numerous test features will assist you in isolating a probable fault. Audible and visual alarm is provided for every fault being detected. The audible alarm is reset by pressing any button (e.g. by changing mode from AUTO to STANDBY).
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Display readout Shallow water Probable fault The depth is inside the set limit or outside the range, i.e. 100 m (328’) Depth data is missing. Compass data missing No data from selected compass. Rudder feedback failure (not applicable for Virtual feedback installations) Rudder response failure Rudder feedback signal missing or erratic Rudder too slow 140 Recommended action 1. Carefully observe the actual depth. 2. Adjust the alarm limit if not hazardous. 3.
Trouble shooting Display readout Probable fault Rudder test failed Following conditions may exist: a) Rudder feedback failure b) Autopilot Computer current overload c) Bypass/clutch overload Rudder moves in only one direction a) Poor connection to one of the solenoids (continuously running pump) b) Faulty Power PCB in autopilot computer Rudder test not completed within 2 min.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Display readout Failure active Control Unit ACXX current overload Low 15 volt Probable fault Recommended action Active control unit 1. Press the STBY button on an goes silent. "Inactive" unit to reset. 2. Check/repair RobNet2 cable. 3. Replace the control unit PCB. The drive unit shut 1. Check the drive unit and drive unit down due to an installation/Manual steering/ excessive load or a Rudder. short circuit. 2. Disconnect the drive unit.
Trouble shooting Display readout Probable fault Recommended action Com. failure with Faulty Autopilot ACXX Computer or poor Robnet2 cable connections from the same. 1. Check Robnet2 connectors and cable. Low supply voltage 1. Verify in the System Data Menu Mains voltage less than 9 Volts 2. Replace Autopilot Computer Main PCB. 2. Switch autopilot off, charge batteries 3. Check/repair battery charger High supply voltage 20221495F AC20/AC40 Mains 1. Verify in the System Data Menu exceeds 44 V 2.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 7 SPARE PARTS LIST AP25 Control Unit 22087811 AP25 Control Unit 22088405 Standard mounting kit consisting of: 22084693 Gasket (2 mm) 22086029 Gasket (7.
Spare parts list 22081434 22082036 22081350 22081368 AC10/AC20 Base plate AC40 Base plate Main cover Terminal cover RFC35 Electronic Fluxgate Compass 22086995 22081442 22081178 RFC35 Fluxgate Compass Installation accessories consisting of: 20104972 Mounting plate (2) 44140762 Screw 3.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Robnet2 cables 24005613 Robnet2 cable, 1 m (3’) with two plugs 24005621 Robnet2 cable, 5 m (16’) with two plugs 24005639 Robnet2 cable, 10 m (33’) with two plugs 24005647 24005662 Robnet2 cable 15 m (49’) with one plug Robnet2, T-joint SimNet cables and accessories 24005829 SimNet cable 0.3 m (1’) 24005837 SimNet cable 2 m (6.6’) 24005845 SimNet cable 5 m (16.
Technical specifications 8 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 8.1 AP25 Autopilot System Boat size and type:..................... Up to 80 feet, Power, Displacement, Sail Steering system types: ............... Hydraulic, Mechanical Inter-unit connection: ................ ROBNET2 network or two-wire supply/data System ON/OFF: ....................... From control units Supply voltage:.......................... See autopilot computers Power consumption: ..................
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Heading sensors: Standard: ........................... RC36 Rate Compass Options:............................. RFC35 Electronic Fluxgate compass NMEA Compass (Not AC10) Simrad RGC50/RGC10 gyrocompasses * * By GI51 Course Selection:....................... Rotary course dial and push button Alarms: ...................................... Audible and visual, optional external Alarm modes: ............................ Off course, system failures, overload Steering modes: ...................
Technical specifications 8.2 AP25 Control Unit Dimensions: ............................... See Figure 8-1 Weight: ...................................... 0,5 kg (1.1 lbs) Power consumption ................... 3 W Display: Type: ................................. Backlit LCD matrix display Resolution: ........................ 160 x 128 pixels Colour: ....................................... Black Illumination: .............................. Adjustable in 10 steps Environmental Protection:.........
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 8.3 Autopilot Computers Dimensions: ............................... See Figure 8-2 and Figure 8-3 Weight: AC10/AC20 ...................... 1,3 kg (2,9 lbs.) AC40................................. 2,8 kg (6,2 lbs) Supply voltage: AC10................................. 10-28V DC AC20/AC40 ...................... 10-40V DC Reverse voltage protection ........ Yes (not AC40) Power consumption: .................. 5 Watt (electronics) Motor / solenoid drive: AC10:.............................
Technical specifications Figure 8-2 AC10/AC20 Autopilot Computert - Dimensions Figure 8-3 AC40 Autopilot Computer - Dimensions 20221495F 151
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 8.4 RC36 Rate compass Dimensions: ............................... See Figure 8-4 Weight: ...................................... 0,9 kg (2,0 lbs) Supply and interface:................. RobNet2 Power consumption: .................. 0,9 watts Automatic Performance: Calibration: ....................... Automatically activated by control head Gain compensation: .......... Automatically adjusted continuously Rate sensor stabilized heading output Accuracy:..................................
Technical specifications 8.5 RFC35 Fluxgate compass Dimensions: ............................... Same as RC36. See Figure 8-4 Weight: ...................................... 0,9 kg (2,0 lbs) Supply and output:..................... Polarity independent 2-wire supply with superimposed pulse width modulation Automatic Performance: Calibration: ....................... Automatically activated by control head Gain compensation: .......... Automatically adjusted continuously Repeatability:........................
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Transmission link: ..................... Stainless 350mm (13.8") with 2 ball joints. Ball joint stud for rudder arm requires 4.2mm diameter hole and 5mm tap.
Technical specifications 8.7 R3000X Remote Control Dimensions: .... See Figure 8-7 Weight:............ 0,4 kg (0,9 lbs) Material:.......... Epoxy coated aluminium Protection ........ IP56 Safe distance to compass: 0.15 m (0.5 ft.) Temperature range: Operation: ...–25 to +55 °C (–13 to +130 °F) Storage: .......–30 to +70 °C (–22 to + 158 °F) Cable length: ... 7 m, shielded Mounting bracket:....... Supplied Figure 8-7 R3000X - Dimensions 8.8 JS10 Joystick Dimensions: .....................................
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 8.9 FU25 Steering Lever Dimensions: ............................... See Figure 8-9 Handle can be mounted pointing upwards or downwards. Weight: ...................................... 1.2 kg (2.6 lbs.) including cable Material:..................................... Polyacetal (POM) Environmental Protection:......... IP56 Power consumption: ................. 3W Safe distance to compass: .......... 0.15 m (0.5 ft.) Temperature: Operating: .........................
Technical specifications 8.10 IS15 Rudder Dimensions: ............................... See Figure 8-9 Weight: ...................................... 225 grams Environmental Protection:......... IP56 from front, IP44 from rear Power requirement: .................. 12/24 VDC, 70 mA (100 mA max with max lighting) Safe distance to compass: .......... 0.15 m (0.5 ft.) Temperature: Operating: ........ –0 to +55°C (+32 to +130°F) Storage: ............................. –30 to +70°C (–22 to +158°F) Scale: ........
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Figure 8-10 IS15 Rudder - Dimensions 8.11 SimNet Maximum number of products connected in a network:...................................... 50 Maximum cable length: ............. .........................................................120 m (400’) Bit rate of the bus: ..................... ....................................................250 Kbit/second Maximum DC current through a single SimNet plug ......................................... 5A SimNet power supply: ..............
Technical specifications 8.12 IP protection Each part of a Simrad autopilot system has a two digits IP protection code. The IP rating is a method to classify the degree of protection against solid objects, water ingress and impact afforded by electrical equipment and enclosures. The system is recognised in most European countries and is set out in a number of British and European standards.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 8.13 NMEA and SimNet messages Accept. cond. (N=nav. flag, P= pos.
Technical Specifications Remarks: N N* N* N N N N 3 2 6 2 3 1 4 3 3 6 3 3 4 4 5 2 2 x x 2 x x 20221495F x x c d d d d d d d d x d d d d x d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d 2 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 3 1 3* 1 3 1 2 1 3 x x 2 n x x x x 10 10 x x 3 4 x x 2 x x 5 10 10 OutACXX P P* N N P N n AP27 n AP26 n AP25 n AP1
Simrad AP25 Autopilot Rudder angle Wind Data Apparent wind angle 1) Apparent wind speed 1) True wind angle True wind speed Depth Data Depth ref transducer Transducer-Keel Offset Speed Data Distance Log Data Temperature Data Speed through water 1) Log distance and trip Water temperature Position Data Present position Lat, Lon 1) COG 1) Magnetic variation SOG 1) Navigation Data To-wp position 1) To-wp ident.
Technical Specifications Remarks: AP25 AP26 Out Gateway C AP16 N N 127237 65357* 129284 129283 Indata use d d d x d d d x d d d d d d d d d d d d x x x x d d d x In INFO views Depth+Offset is displayed if x offset is present d d d d d d x x x d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d 1 1 1 1 1 1 x* x* x* x * SimNet proprietary x x x x x x x x x x x x *Only transmitted if NMEA183/RC36/RFC35 is source Date of change: 20.12.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot 9 GLOSSARY Apparent wind – The speed and direction from which the wind appears to blow with reference to the bow when the boat is moving (also called relative wind). Arrival alarm – An alarm signal issued by a GPS/chartplotter that indicates arrival at or at a predetermined distance from a waypoint. (see arrival circle). Arrival circle – An artificial boundary placed around the destination waypoint of the present navigation leg, the entering of which will signal an arrival alarm.
Glossary Magnetic variation - A magnetic compass points to the magnetic north pole. The difference between this direction and true north is the magnetic variation. The amount and direction of this variation is dependent upon where on the earth you are located. NMEA0183 - A format (language) designed to permit communication between various types of marine electronic equipment. In essence this is a two-wire shielded, serial data link, permitting one device to talk while other devices listen.
Simrad AP25 Autopilot True bearing – Bearing relative to true north; compass bearing corrected for compass error. True heading – Heading relative to true north (the meridian). Waypoint - A discrete point, stored in a navigator, located on the surface of the earth. Normally this point will be identified by Lat/Lon coordinates although in some systems it may be shown by T.D.'s. XTE - Cross Track Error - Used to identify a vessels position relative to a straight line drawn between two waypoints.
Index 10 INDEX A alarm external, 93 listing, 139 apparent wind, 42, 47, 164 arrival circle, 39 auto source update, 53 automatic tuning, 121 autopilot computer installation, 69 maintenance, 135 autotrim, 128 B backlight, 50 boat type, 100 BPW, 38, 47, 164 C cable Robnet, 77 specifications, 70 compass calibration, 116 maintenance, 135 offset, 118 selection, 54 contrast, 55 control unit front panel, 16 installation, 76 maintenance, 135 specifications, 149 counter rudder, 56 setting, 127 course adjust, 55 cour
Simrad AP25 Autopilot I illumination.
Terms of Warranty setting, 127 rudder deadband, 105 Rudder deadband, 131 rudder feedback calibration, 102 installation, 67 maintenance, 135 specifications, 153 rudder limit, 128 Rudder play compensation, 124 rudder test, 103 rudder zero, 115 S sea trial, 114, 132 seastate filter, 57 shallow water, 54, 58 SimNet, 9, 11, 53, 83 backlight, 131 gateway, 131 number, 131 reset, 131 setup, 131 source, 131 SimNet messages, 162 SimNet source, 165 Simrad group, 131 software program exchange, 137 software setup, 95 so
Simrad AP25 Autopilot wind vane steering, 41 Z zigzag-turn, 27, 55 170 20221495F
