%UXJVDQYLVQಣ %UXNVDQYLVQಣ 8VHU 0DQXDO LQJ LQJ .ºOH IU\VHಣ VNDE & 1 ( )ULGJH )UHH]HU .
,11+2/' 6LNNHUKHWVLQIRUPDVMRQ 6LNNHUKHWVDQYLVQLQJHU 0RQWHULQJ .RQWUROOSDQHO 'DJOLJ EUXN 5§G RJ WLSV 6WHOO RJ UHQJMºULQJ )HLOVºNLQJ 6Wº\ 7HNQLVNH GDWD ,QIRUPDVMRQ IRU WHVWLQVWLWXWWHU .81'(6777( 2* 6(59,&( %UXN DOOWLG RULJLQDOH UHVHUYHGHOHU 1§U GX NRQWDNWHU Y§UW DXWRULVHUWH VHUYLFHVHQWHU P§ GX VºUJH IRU DW GX KDU IºOJHQGH RSSO\VQLQJHU WLOJMHQJHOLJ 0RGHOO VHULHQXPPHU ,QIRUPDVMRQHQ ILQQHU GX S§ W\SHVNLOWHW $GYDUVHO )RUVLNWLJ ದ 6LNNHUKHWVLQIRUPDVMRQ *HQHUHOO LQIR
ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ 'HWWH SURGXNWHW NDQ EUXNHV DY SHUVRQHU PHG VY¨UW RPIDWWHQGH RJ NRPSOHNVH IXQNVMRQVQHGVHWWHOVHU IRUXWVDWW DW GH KDU I§WW ULNWLJ RSSO¨ULQJ %DUQ \QJUH HQQ §U P§ KROGHV S§ DYVWDQG IUD SURGXNWHW PHG PLQGUH GH HU XQGHU WLOV\Q WLO HQKYHU WLG ,NNH OD EDUQ OHNH PHG SURGXNWHW 5HQJMºULQJ RJ YHGOLNHKROG DY SURGXNWHW VNDO LNNH XWIºUHV DY EDUQ 2SSEHYDU DOO HPEDOODVMH XWLOJMHQJHOLJ IRU EDUQ RJ NDVW GHQ S§ ULNWLJ P§WH *HQHUHOO VLNNHUKHW ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ 'HWWH SURGXNWHW HU PHQW § EUXNHV L KXVKROG
ವ ವ ವ RSSYDVNPLGOHU VNXUHVYDPSHU OºVHPLGOHU HOOHU PHWDOOJMHQVWDQGHU 1§U NMºOHVNDSHW EOLU VW§HQGH WRPW L HQ OHQJUH SHULRGH EºU GX VO§ GHW DY DYULPH GHW UHQJMºUH GHW WºUNH GHW RJ OD GºUHQ EOL VW§HQGH RSSH VOLN DW GHW LNNH GDQQHV PXJJ L SURGXNWHW 2SSEHYDU LNNH HNVSORVLYH VWRIIHU VRP DHURVROEHKROGHUH PHG EUHQQEDUW GULYVWRII L GHWWH SURGXNWHW +YLV VWUºPNDEHOHQ EOLU VNDGHW P§ GHQ VNLIWHV DY SURGXVHQWHQ DXWRULVHUW VHUYLFHVHQWHU HOOHU DQQHQ NYDOLILVHUW SHUVRQ IRU § XQQJ§ ULVLNR 6,..
ವ ,NNH VHWW VWºSVHOHW L VWLNNRQWDNWHQ IºU PRQWHULQJHQ HU IXOOIºUW 3§VH DW GHW HU WLOJDQJ WLO VWLNNRQWDNWHQ HWWHU PRQWHULQJHQ ವ ,NNH WUHNN L NDEHOHQ IRU § NREOH IUD SURGXNWHW 7UHNN DOOWLG L VHOYH VWºSVHOHW %UXN $'9$56(/ )DUH IRU VNDGH EUDQQVNDGHU HOHNWULVN VWºW HOOHU EUDQQ $SSDUDWHW LQQHKROGHU EUHQQEDUH JDVVHU LVREXWDQ 5 D QDWXUJDVV PHG OLWHQ LQQYLUNQLQJ S§ PLOMºHW 9¨U IRUVLNWLJ V§ GX LNNH IRU§UVDNHU VNDGH S§ NMºOHPLGGHONUHWVHQ VRP LQQHKROGHU LVREXWDQ ವ 3URGXNWHWV VSHVLILNDVMRQHU P§ LNN
UHSDUDWºUHU RJ DW LNNH DOOH UHVHUYHGHOHU HU UHOHYDQWH IRU DOOH PRGHOOHU ವ 'ºUSDNQLQJHU YLO Y¨UH WLOJMHQJHOLJH L §U HWWHU DW PRGHOOHQ HU DYYLNOHW $YIDOOVEHKDQGOLQJ $'9$56(/ )DUH IRU VNDGH RJ NYHOQLQJ ವ .REOH SURGXNWHW IUD VWUºPPHQ ವ .XWW DY VWUºPNDEHOHQ RJ NDVW GHQ ವ )MHUQ GºUHQ IRU § IRUKLQGUH DW EDUQ RJ G\U EOLU VWHQJW LQQH L SURGXNWHW ವ .MºOHPLGGHONUHWVHQ RJ LVRODVMRQVPDWHULDOHW WLO GHWWH SURGXNWHW HU R]RQ YHQQOLJ ವ ,VRODVMRQVVNXPPHW LQQHKROGHU EUHQQEDUH JDVVHU .
D3 D1 0§O W1 90 D2 ° A W2 B H1 W3 8WYHQGLJH GLPHQVMRQHU { 3ODVV VRP NUHYHV YHG EUXN t + PP : PP ' PP { Kº\GHQ EUHGGHQ RJ G\EGHQ S§ SURGXNWHW XWHQ K§QGWDN RJ IºWWHU 3ODVV VRP NUHYHV YHG EUXN t + $ % PP : PP ' PP $ PP % PP t Kº\GHQ EUHGGHQ RJ G\EGHQ S§ SURGXNWHW LQNOXGHUW K§QGWDNHW SOXVV SODVVHQ VRP HU QºGYHQGLJ IRU IUL VLUNXODVMRQ DY NMºOHOXIW 7RWDO SODVV VRP NUHYHV YHG EUXN u + $ % PP : PP ' PP u
HU QºGYHQGLJ IRU § §SQH GºUHQ WLO PLQVWH YLQNHO VRP JMºU GHW PXOLJ § IMHUQH DOW LQWHUQW XWVW\U 6WHG )RU § VLNUH DW SURGXNWHW IXQJHUHU RSWLPDOW EºU GX LNNH PRQWHUH SURGXNWHW L Q¨UKHWHQ DY YDUPHNLOGHU VWHNHRYQ NRPI\UHU UDGLDWRUHU NRPI\UHU HOOHU NRNHSODWHU HOOHU S§ HW VWHG PHG GLUHNWH VROO\V 3DVV S§ DW OXIWHQ NDQ VLUNXOHUH IULWW UXQGW EDNVLGHQ DY NDELQHWWHW 3URGXNWHW VNDO PRQWHUHV L HQ WºUU JRGW YHQWLOHUW LQQHQGºUV SRVLVMRQ 'HWWH SURGXNWHW HU EHUHJQHW WLO EUXN YHG RPJLYHOVHVWHPSHUDWXU IUD r& W
.21752//3$1(/ 1 8 7 6 6NMHUP .QDSS IRU ºNLQJ DY IU\VHUWHPSHUDWXUHQ .QDSS IRU VHQNLQJ DY IU\VHUWHPSHUDWXUHQ 2. 0RGH .QDSS IRU ºNLQJ DY NMºOHVNDSVWHPSHUDWXUHQ 5 4 3 2 .QDSS IRU VHQNLQJ DY NMºOHVNDSVWHPSHUDWXUHQ 21 2)) 'HW HU PXOLJ § HQGUH GHQ IRUK§QGVGHILQHUWH O\GHQ IRU NQDSSHU YHG § KROGH NQDSSHQ 0RGH RJ NQDSSHQ IRU VHQNLQJ DY WHPSHUDWXU LQQH VDPWLGLJ L HW SDU VHNXQGHU (QGULQJHQ NDQ WLOEDNHVWLOOHV 'LVSOD\ A B C D E F G Off min L K J I H $ ,QGLNDWRU IRU NMºOHURP % 7
7HPSHUDWXURPU§GHW L IU\VHUHQ NDQ YDULHUH PHOORP r& RJ r& RJ L NMºOHVNDSHW PHOORP r& RJ r& 7HPSHUDWXULQGLNDWRUHQH YLVHU GHQ LQQVWLOWH WHPSHUDWXUHQ 'HQ LQQVWLOWH WHPSHUDWXUHQ Q§V LQQHQ WLPHU 'HQ LQQVWLOWH WHPSHUDWXUHQ IRUEOLU ODJUHW YHG HYHQWXHOOH VWUºPEUXGG 6O§ S§ NMºOHVNDSHW 'HW KROGHU § WU\NNH S§ NMºOHVNDSHWV WHPSHUDWXUUHJXODWRU IRU § VO§ S§ NMºOHVNDSHW )RU § VO§ S§ NMºOHVNDSHW S§ GHQ DQGUH P§WHQ 7U\NN 0RGH WLO WLOVYDUHQGH LNRQ NRPPHU WLO V\QH .
'HQQH IXQNVMRQHQ VWRSSHU DXWRPDWLVN HWWHU WLPHU 'X NDQ GHDNWLYHUH )DVW)UHH]H IXQNVMRQHQ IºU GHQ DXWRPDWLVNH VOXWWHQ YHG § JMHQWD SURVHG\UHQ WLO )DVW)UHH]H LQGLNDWRUHQ VO§V DY HOOHU YHG § YHOJH HQ DQQHQ LQQVWLOW WHPSHUDWXU 9LIWH IXQNVMRQ .MºOHURPPHW HU XWVW\UW PHG HQ HQKHW VRP JLU PXOLJKHW IRU UDVN QHGNMºOLQJ DY PDW RJ HQ MHYQHUH WHPSHUDWXU L VNDSHW 'HQQH HQKHWHQ DNWLYHUHV DXWRPDWLVN YHG EHKRY HOOHU PDQXHOW 6OLN VO§U GX S§ IXQNVMRQHQ 7U\NN S§ 0RGH NQDSSHQ WLO WLOVYDUHQGH V\PEROHW YLVHV 9LIW
$ODUPLQGLNDWRUHQ IRUWVHWWHU § EOLQNH WLO QRUPDOH IRUKROG JMHQRSSUHWWHV +YLV GX LNNH WU\NNHU S§ QRHQ NQDSS VO§V O\GHQ DY DXWRPDWLVN HWWHU UXQGW HQ WLPH IRU § XQQJ§ IRUVW\UUHOVHU $ODUPHQ VWRSSHU HWWHU DW GºUHQ OXNNHV 8QGHU DODUPHQ NDQ O\GHQ GHPSHV YHG § WU\NNH S§ HQ KYLONHQ VRP KHOVW NQDSS +YLV GX LNNH WU\NNHU S§ QRHQ NQDSS VO§V O\GHQ DY DXWRPDWLVN HWWHU UXQGW HQ WLPH IRU § XQQJ§ IRUVW\UUHOVHU 'ºUHQ HU §SHQ DODUP +YLV NMºOHVNDSVGºUHQ EOLU VW§HQGH §SHQ L RPWUHQW PLQXWWHU HU O\GHQ S§ RJ DODUPLQG
9LSS PRGXOHQ QHGHQIRU IRU § IMHUQH GHQ IUD NMºOHVNDSHW *UºQQVDNVVNXIIHU 'HW HU VSHVLHOOH VNXIIHU L GHQ QHGHUVWH GHOHQ DY SURGXNWHW VRP HU HJQHW IRU RSSEHYDULQJ DY IUXNW RJ JUºQQVDNHU 'HW HU RJV§ PXOLJ § VW\UH HQKHWHQ PDQXHOW HWWHU EHKRY VH mIXQNVMRQHQ 9LIWH} 9LIWHQ HU NXQ L GULIW Q§U GºUHQ HU VWHQJW 7HPSHUDWXULQGLNDWRU )U\VLQJ DY IHUVN PDW )RU ULNWLJ RSSEHYDULQJ DY PDW HU NMºOHVNDSHW XWVW\UW PHG WHPSHUDWXULQGLNDWRU 6\PEROHW S§ VLGHYHJJHQ DY SURGXNWHW YLVHU GHW NDOGHVWH RPU§GHW L NMºOHVNDS
2SSEHYDU PDWHQ PLQVW PP IUD GºUHQ )256,.7,* 'HUVRP GHW RSSVW§U XWLOVLNWHW WLQLQJ I HNV S§ JUXQQ DY VWUºPEUXGG RJ KYLV VWUºPPHQ HU ERUWH OHQJHU HQQ GHQ YHUGLHQ VRP HU RSSIºUW S§ W\SHVNLOWHW XQGHU mVWLJHWLG} P§ GHQ WLQWH PDWHQ VSLVHV V§ UDVNW VRP PXOLJ HOOHU WLOEHUHGHV º\HEOLNNHOLJ RJ V§ IU\VHV S§ Q\WW 6H m$ODUP YHG Kº\ WHPSHUDWXU} 7LQLQJ '\SIU\VWH HOOHU IURVQH PDWYDUHU NDQ WLQHV L NMºOHVNDSHW HOOHU LQQH L HQ SODVWSRVH XQGHU NDOGW YDQQ IºU GH VSLVHV 'HQQH RSHUDVMRQHQ DYKHQJHU DY WLOJMHQJHOLJ
ವ 0DWHQ VNDO Y¨UH IHUVN Q§U GHQ IU\VHV IRU § EHYDUH JRG NYDOLWHW 6¨UOLJ IUXNW RJ JUºQQVDNHU EºU IU\VHV HWWHU KºVWLQJ IRU § EHYDUH DOOH Q¨ULQJVVWRIIHQH GHUHV ವ )U\V LNNH IODVNHU HOOHU ERNVHU PHG Y¨VNHU VSHVLHOW GULNNH VRP LQQHKROGHU NDUERQGLRNVLG ದ GH NDQ HNVSORGHUH XQGHU IU\VLQJ ವ ,NNH VHWW YDUP PDW LQQ L IU\VHURPPHW $YNMºO GHQ YHG URPWHPSHUDWXU IºU GX OHJJHU GHQ LQQ L URPPHW ವ )RU § XQQJ§ WHPSHUDWXUºNQLQJ IRU DOOHUHGH IU\VW PDW P§ GX LNNH SODVVHUH IHUVN XIU\VW PDW GLUHNWH YHG VLGHQ DY GHQ 3ODVVH
0DWYDUHW\SH +ROGEDUKHW P§QH഻ GHU 6PºU 0\NRVW I HNV PR]]DUHOOD +DUG RVW I HNV SDUPHVDQ FKHGGDU 6MºPDW )HW ILVN I HNV ODNV PDNUHOO 0DJHU ILVN I HNV WRUVN IO\QGUH 5HNHU 0XVOLQJHU RJ VNMHOO XWHQ VNDOO .RNW ILVN .MºWW )M¨UNUH 6WRUIHNMºWW 6YLQHNMºWW /DPPHNMºWW 3ºOVH 6NLQNH 5HVWHU PHG NMºWW 7LSV WLO NMºOLQJ DY IHUVNH PDWYDUHU ವ (Q JRG WHPSHUDWXULQQVWLOOLQJ VRP VLNUHU NRQVHUYHULQJ DY IHUVN PDW HU HQ WHPSHUDWXU XQGHU HOOHU OLN r& +º\HUH WHPSHUDWXU
ವ +HQYLV DOOWLG WLO XWOºSVGDWRHQ IRU SURGXNWHQH IRU § YLWH KYRU OHQJH GH VNDO RSSEHYDUHV 67(// 2* 5(1*-5,1* $'9$56(/ 6H HWWHU L 6LNNHUKHWVNDSLWOHQH 5HQJMºUH LQQH L RYQHQ )ºU GX WDU SURGXNWHW L EUXN P§ GX YDVNH LQQVLGHQ VDPW DOW XWVW\U L OXQNHQW YDQQ WLOVDWW HW Qº\WUDOW UHQJMºULQJVPLGGHO IRU § IMHUQH GHQ W\SLVNH OXNWHQ VRP VLWWHU L IOXQNHQGH Q\H SURGXNWHU +XVN § WºUNH Qº\H JMHQQRP HW GUHQHULQJVUºU RJ QHG L HQ EHKROGHU S§ EDNVLGHQ DY SURGXNWHW RYHU NRPSUHVVRUHQ KYRU GHW IRUGDPSHU 'HW HU YLNW
+YD P§ JMºUHV KYLV 3UREOHP 0XOLJ §UVDN /ºVQLQJ $SSDUDWHW IXQJHUHU LNNH $SSDUDWHW HU VO§WW DY 6O§ S§ DSSDUDWHW 6WºSVOHW HU LNNH WLONREOHW VWLNಣ NRQWDNWHQ S§ ULNWLJ P§WH .REOH VWºSVOHW WLO VWLNNRQWDNಣ WHQ S§ ULNWLJ P§WH 6WLNNRQWDNWHQ HU LNNH VSHQಣ QLQJVIºUHQGH .REOH HW DQQHW DSSDUDW WLO VWLNNRQWDNWHQ .RQWDNW HQ NYDOLILVHUW HOHNWULNHU $SSDUDWHW HU VWº\HQGH $SSDUDWHW VWºWWHV LNNH ULNWLJ .
3UREOHP 0XOLJ §UVDN /ºVQLQJ 'HW HU YDQVNHOLJ § §SQH Gºಣ UHQ 'X SUºYGH § §SQH GºUHQ OLNH HWWHU DW GX VWHQJW GHQ 9HQW QRHQ VHNXQGHU IºU GX §SQHU GºUHQ S§ Q\WW /DPSHQ IXQJHUHU LNNH /DPSHQ HU L VWDQGE\ PRGXV 6WHQJH RJ §SQH GºUHQ 3¨UHQ HU GHIHNW .RQWDNW Q¨UPHVWH DXWRULVHUಣ WH VHUYLFHVHQWHU 'HW HU IRU P\H ULP RJ LV 'ºUHQ HU LNNH VNLNNHOLJ VWHQJW 6H DYVQLWWHW m6WHQJ GºUHQ} 3DNQLQJHQ HU GHIRUPHUW HOOHU VNLWWHQ 6H DYVQLWWHW m6WHQJ GºUHQ} 0DWYDUHQH HU LNNH SDNNHW LQQ VNLNNHOLJ
3UREOHP 0XOLJ §UVDN /ºVQLQJ 7HPSHUDWXUHQ NDQ LNNH VWLOಣ OHV LQQ m)DVW)UHH]H IXQNVMRQHQ} HOಣ OHU m6KRSSLQJ IXQNVMRQHQ} HU VO§WW S§ 6O§ DY m)DVW)UHH]H IXQNVMRಣ QHQ} HOOHU m6KRSSLQJ IXQNಣ VMRQHQ} PDQXHOW HOOHU YHQW WLO IXQNVMRQHQ GHDNWLYHUHV DXWRPDWLVN IRU § YHOJH WHPಣ SHUDWXU 6H DYVQLWWHW m)DVWಣ )UHH]H IXQNVMRQHQ} HOOHU m6KRSSLQJ IXQNVMRQHQ} 7HPSHUDWXUHQ L DSSDUDWHW HU IRU ODY IRU Kº\ 7HPSHUDWXUHQ HU LNNH ULNWLJ LQQVWLOW 6WLOO LQQ HQ Kº\HUH ODYHUH WHPSHUDWXU 'ºUHQ HU LNNH VNLNNHOLJ VWH
/\VHW NDQ EDUH VNLIWHV DY HQ VHUYLFHWHNQLNHU .RQWDNW GLWW Q¨UPHVWH DXWRULVHUWH VHUYLFHVHQWHU /XNNH GºUHQ -XVWHU GºUHQ RP QºGYHQGLJ 6H PRQWHULQJVLQVWUXNVMRQHU %\WW GHIHNWH GºUSDNQLQJHU RP QºGYHQGLJ .RQWDNW GHW DXWRULVHUWH VHUYLFHVHQWHUHW 5HQJMºUH GºUSDNQLQJHU 67< SSSRRR! BRRR! CLICK! HISSS! BLUBB! 7(.1,6.( '$7$ 7HNQLVNH GDWD ILQQHU GX S§ W\SHVNLOWHW S§ LQQVLGHQ DY DSSDUDWHW RJ S§ HQHUJLHWLNHWWHQ 45 NRGHQ S§ HQHUJLHWLNHWWHQ VRP IXOJWH PHG DSSDUDWHW JLU HQ QHWWNREOLQJ WLO LQIRUP
,1)250$6-21 )25 7(67,167,7877(5 0RQWHULQJ RJ IRUEHUHGHOVH DY SURGXNW IRU HQKYHU (FR'HVLJQ NRQWUROO VNDO Y¨UH L VDPVYDU PHG (1 9HQWLODVMRQVNUDY VSRUGLPHQVMRQHU RJ PLQVWH DYVWDQG EDN VNDO Y¨UH VRP DQJLWW L GHQQH EUXNHUK§QGERNHQ L NDSLWWHO .RQWDNW SURGXVHQWHQ IRU \WWHUOLJHUH LQIRUPDVMRQ LQNOXGHUW ODVWHSODQHU %(6.<77(/6( $9 0,/-(7 5HVLUNXOHU PDWHULDOHU VRP HU PHUNHW PHG V\PEROHW /HJJ HPEDOODVMHQ L ULNWLJH EHKROGHUH IRU § UHVLUNXOHUH GHW %LGUDU WLO § EHVN\WWH PLOMºHW PHQQHVNHUV KHOVH RJ