,VWUX]LRQL SHU OಬXVR 8 & ) 0DQXDO GH LQVWUX©·HV 0DQXDO GH LQVWUXFFLRQHV )ULJRULIHUR )ULJRU¯ILFR )ULJRU¯ILFR
,1',&( ,QIRUPD]LRQL GL VLFXUH]]D ,VWUX]LRQL GL VLFXUH]]D ,QVWDOOD]LRQH 3DQQHOOR GHL FRPDQGL 8WLOL]]R TXRWLGLDQR &RQVLJOL H VXJJHULPHQWL XWLOL 3XOL]LD H FXUD 5LVROX]LRQH GHL SUREOHPL 5XPRUL 'DWL WHFQLFL ,QIRUPD]LRQL SHU JOL LVWLWXWL GL SURYD $66,67(1=$ &/,(17, ( $66,67(1=$ 7(&1,&$ &RQVLJOLDPR VHPSUH OಬLPSLHJR GL ULFDPEL RULJLQDOL 4XDQGR VL FRQWDWWD LO QRVWUR &HQWUR GL $VVLVWHQ]D $XWRUL]]DWR DFFHUWDUVL GL DYHUH D GLVSRVL]LRQH L GDWL VHJXHQWL 0RGHOOR 1XPHUR GL VHULH /H L
ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ , EDPELQL GL HW¢ FRPSUHVD WUD L H JOL DQQL SRVVRQR FDULFDUH H VFDULFDUH O DSSDUHFFKLR D FRQGL]LRQH FKH VLDQR VWDWL DGHJXDWDPHQWH LVWUXLWL 4XHVWD DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD SX´ HVVHUH XVDWD GD SHUVRQH FRQ GLVDELOLW¢ GLIIXVH H FRPSOHVVH VH GHELWDPHQWH LVWUXLWH 7HQHUH ORQWDQL GDOO DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD L EDPELQL DO GL VRWWR GHL DQQL VH QRQ FRVWDQWHPHQWH VXSHUYLVLRQDWL 1RQ FRQVHQWLUH DL EDPELQL GL JLRFDUH FRQ O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD , EDPELQL QRQ GHYRQR HVHJXLUH LQWHUYHQWL GL SXOL]LD H PDQXWHQ]LRQH VXOO D
ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ $99(57(1=$ 1RQ GDQQHJJLDUH LO FLUFXLWR UHIULJHUDQWH $99(57(1=$ 1RQ XWLOL]]DUH DSSDUHFFKLDWXUH HOHWWULFKH DOO LQWHUQR GHL FRPSDUWL GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHJOL DOLPHQWL DG HFFH]LRQH GL TXHOOL FRQVLJOLDWL GDO FRVWUXWWRUH 1RQ QHEXOL]]DUH DFTXD Q« XWLOL]]DUH YDSRUH SHU SXOLUH O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD 3XOLUH O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD FRQ XQ SDQQR LQXPLGLWR H PRUELGR 8WLOL]]DUH VROR GHWHUJHQWL QHXWUL 1RQ XVDUH SURGRWWL DEUDVLYL VSXJQHWWH DEUDVLYH VROYHQWL RG RJJHWWL PHWDOOLFL 4XDQGR O DSSDUHFFKLDWXU
ವ 1RQ HVSRUUH O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD DOOD SLRJJLD ವ 1RQ LQVWDOODUH O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD GRYH VLD HVSRVWD DOOD OXFH VRODUH GLUHWWD ವ 1RQ LQVWDOODUH TXHVWD DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD LQ DUHH WURSSR XPLGH R WURSSR IUHGGH ವ 4XDQGR VL VSRVWD O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD VROOHYDUOD GDO ERUGR DQWHULRUH FRV® GD QRQ JUDIILDUH LO SDYLPHQWR &ROOHJDPHQWR HOHWWULFR $99(57(1=$ 5LVFKLR GL LQFHQGLR H VFRVVD HOHWWULFD $99(57(1=$ ,Q IDVH GL SRVL]LRQDPHQWR GHOO DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD YHULILFDUH FKH LO FDYR GL DOLPHQWD]LRQH QRQ VLD LQWUDSSRODWR R GD
DG HVVHUH XWLOL]]DWH LQ DOWUH DSSOLFD]LRQL H QRQ VRQR DGDWWH SHU O LOOXPLQD]LRQH GL DPELHQWL GRPHVWLFL 3XOL]LD H FXUD $99(57(1=$ 9L ª LO ULVFKLR GL IHULUVL R GDQQHJJLDUH O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD ವ 3ULPD GL HVHJXLUH TXDOXQTXH LQWHUYHQWR GL PDQXWHQ]LRQH VSHJQHUH O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD HG HVWUDUUH OD VSLQD GDOOD SUHVD ವ / XQLW¢ UHIULJHUDQWH GL TXHVWD DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD FRQWLHQH LGURFDUEXUL /ಬXQLW¢ GHYH HVVHUH ULFDULFDWD HG LVSH]LRQDWD HVFOXVLYDPHQWH GD SHUVRQDOH TXDOLILFDWR ವ &RQWUROODUH UHJRODUPHQWH OR VFDULFR GH
D3 D1 'LPHQVLRQL D2 ° H2 90 H1 W1 W3 W2 'LPHQVLRQL FRPSOHVVLYH { + PP : PP ' PP { OಬDOWH]]D OD ODUJKH]]D H OD SURIRQGLW¢ GHOOಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD VHQ]D OಬLPSXJQDWXUD H L SLHGLQL 6SD]LR QHFHVVDULR GXUDQWH OൄXVR t + PP : PP ' PP t OಬDOWH]]D OD ODUJKH]]D H OD SURIRQGLW¢ GHOOಬDSSDUHFFKLR FRPSUHVD OD PDQLJOLD SL» OR VSD]LR QHFHVVDULR SHU OD OLEHUD FLUFROD]LRQH GHOOಬDULD GL UDIIUHGGDPHQWR 6SD]LR FRPSOHVVLYR QHFHVVDULR GXUDQWH OൄXVR u + PP : P
,Q FDVR GL GXEEL VXO OXRJR GL LQVWDOOD]LRQH GHOO DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD FRQWDWWDUH LO YHQGLWRUH LO QRVWUR &HQWUR GL $VVLVWHQ]D R LO ULYHQGLWRUH DXWRUL]]DWR SL» YLFLQR 'HYH HVVHUH SRVVLELOH VFROOHJDUH O DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD GDOOD UHWH HOHWWULFD (VHJXLUH SHUFL´ O LQVWDOOD]LRQH IDFHQGR V® FKH OD VSLQD ULPDQJD IDFLOPHQWH DFFHVVLELOH &ROOHJDPHQWR HOHWWULFR ವ 3ULPD GL LQVHULUH OD VSLQD YHULILFDUH FKH OD WHQVLRQH H OD IUHTXHQ]D ULSRUWDWH VXOOD WDUJKHWWD GL LGHQWLILFD]LRQH FRUULVSRQGDQR D TXHOOH GHOO LPSLDQWR GRPHVWL
87,/,==2 4827,',$12 $77(1=,21( 4XHVWR DSSDUHFFKLR UHIULJHUDQWH QRQ ª DGDWWR DO FRQJHODPHQWR GL DOLPHQWL 3RVL]LRQDPHQWR GHL ULSLDQL GHOOD SRUWD 3HU IDFLOLWDUH O LQWURGX]LRQH GL DOLPHQWL GL GLYHUVH GLPHQVLRQL L ULSLDQL GHOOD SRUWD SRVVRQR HVVHUH SRVL]LRQDWL DG DOWH]]H GLIIHUHQWL 3HU JDUDQWLUH XQD FRUUHWWD FLUFROD]LRQH GHOO DULD QRQ VSRVWDUH LO ULSLDQR GL YHWUR SRVWR VRSUD LO FDVVHWWR GHOOH YHUGXUH 7LUDUH JUDGXDOPHQWH LO ULSLDQR ILQR D FKH QRQ VL OLEHUD 5LSRVL]LRQDUH VHFRQGR QHFHVVLW¢ &DVV
RUH SULPD GL LQWURGXUUH JOL DOLPHQWL QHO YDQR ,O FLER GHYH WURYDUVL DG XQD GLVWDQ]D GL PP GDOOD SRUWD $77(1=,21( ,Q FDVR GL VFRQJHODPHQWR DFFLGHQWDOH DG HVHPSLR D FDXVD GL XQಬLQWHUUX]LRQH GL FRUUHQWH VH OD FRUUHQWH ª ULPDVWD VSHQWD SL» D OXQJR GHO YDORUH LQGLFDWR VXOOD WDUJKHWWD VRWWR ಯWHPSR GL ULVDOLWDರ JOL DOLPHQWL VFRQJHODWL GHYRQR HVVHUH FRQVXPDWL UDSLGDPHQWH R FRWWL LPPHGLDWDPHQWH SRL UDIIUHGGDWL H TXLQGL ULFRQJHODWL 6FRQJHODPHQWR , FLEL VXUJHODWL R FRQJHODWL SULPD GL HVVHUH FRQVXPDWL
ವ $VVLFXUDUVL FKH O LPEDOODJJLR QRQ VLD GDQQHJJLDWR LO FLER SRWUHEEH GHWHULRUDUVL 6H OD FRQIH]LRQH ª JRQILD R EDJQDWD SRWUHEEH QRQ HVVHUH VWDWD FRQVHUYDWD QHOOH FRQGL]LRQL RWWLPDOL H OR VEULQDPHQWR SRWUHEEH HVVHUH JL¢ LQL]LDWR ವ 3HU OLPLWDUH LO SURFHVVR GL VFRQJHODPHQWR DFTXLVWDUH L SURGRWWL VXUJHODWL DOOD ILQH GHOOD VSHVD H WUDVSRUWDUOL LQ XQ VDFFKHWWR WHUPLFR H LVRODWR ವ 0HWWHWH L VXUJHODWL LPPHGLDWDPHQWH QHO FRQJHODWRUH GRSR HVVHUH WRUQDWL GDO QHJR]LR ವ 6H LO FLER VL ª VFRQJHODWR DQFKH VROR
ವ &RSULUH LO FLER FRQ XQ LPEDOODJJLR SHU SUHVHUYDUQH OD IUHVFKH]]D H O DURPD ವ 8WLOL]]DUH VHPSUH FRQWHQLWRUL FKLXVL SHU OLTXLGL H SHU DOLPHQWL SHU HYLWDUH VDSRUL R RGRUL QHOOR VFRPSDUWR ವ 3HU HYLWDUH OD FRQWDPLQD]LRQH LQFURFLDWD WUD FLER FRWWR H FUXGR FRSULUH LO FLER FRWWR H VHSDUDUOR GD TXHOOR FUXGR ವ 6L FRQVLJOLD GL VFRQJHODUH LO FLER DOO LQWHUQR GHO IULJRULIHUR ವ 1RQ LQVHULUH FLER FDOGR DOO LQWHUQR GHOO DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD $VVLFXUDUVL FKH VL VLD UDIIUHGGDWR D WHPSHUDWXUD DPELHQWH SULPD GL LQVHULUO
GHOO DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD VRSUD LO PRWRFRPSUHVVRUH GRYH HYDSRUD LPSRUWDQWH SXOLUH SHULRGLFDPHQWH LO IRUR GL VFDULFR GHOO DFTXD GL VEULQDPHQWR VLWXDWR VRWWR DL FDVVHWWL SHU O LQVDODWD SHU HYLWDUH FKH O DFTXD IXRULHVFD VXJOL DOLPHQWL $ WDO ILQH XVDUH LO SXOLVFL WXER IRUQLWR LQ GRWD]LRQH FRQ OಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD 6EULQDPHQWR GHO FRQJHODWRUH $77(1=,21( 3HU ULPXRYHUH OD EULQD GDOO HYDSRUDWRUH QRQ XVDUH XWHQVLOL PHWDOOLFL DSSXQWLWL FKH SRVVDQR GDQQHJJLDUOR 1RQ XVDUH GLVSRVLWLYL PHFFDQLFL R DOWUL PH]]L DUW
3XOLUH OD JULJOLD GL YHQWLOD]LRQH )DUH ULIHULPHQWR DOOD VH]LRQH 3XOL]LD GHO ILOWUR GL YHQWLOD]LRQH (VWUDUUH FRQ FDXWHOD LO GHIOHWWRUH GHOO DULD & FRQWUROODQGR FKH QRQ FL VLD DFTXD UHVLGXD GDOOR VEULQDPHQWR 3XOLUH OD SDUWH LQIHULRUH GHOO DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD FRQ XQ DVSLUDSROYHUH 3XOL]LD GHO ILOWUR GL YHQWLOD]LRQH ,O ILOWUR SX´ HVVHUH ULPRVVR SHU OD SXOL]LD / DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD ª GRWDWD GL XQ ILOWUR GL LQJUHVVR GHOO DULD H GL XQ FDQDOH GL VFDULFR GHOO DULD VXOOD JULJOLD GL YHQWLOD]LR
3UREOHPD &DXVD SRVVLELOH 6ROX]LRQH /D SUHVD HOHWWULFD QRQ KD WHQVLRQH &ROOHJDUH XQಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXಣ UD HOHWWULFD GLYHUVD DOOD SUHಣ VD HOHWWULFD &RQWDWWDUH XQ HOHWWULFLVWD TXDOLILFDWR /ಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD ª UXPRURಣ VD /ಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD QRQ ª VXSSRUWDWD FRUUHWWDPHQWH &RQWUROODUH FKH OಬDSSDUHFಣ FKLDWXUD VLD DSSRJJLDWD LQ PRGR VWDELOH ,O FRPSUHVVRUH IXQ]LRQD LQ PRGR FRQWLQXR /D WHPSHUDWXUD QRQ ª LPSRಣ VWDWD FRUUHWWDPHQWH )DUH ULIHULPHQWR DO FDSLWROR ಯ3DQQHOOR GL FRQWUROORರ 6RQR VWDWL LQ
3UREOHPD &DXVD SRVVLELOH 6ROX]LRQH /ಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD ª FRPSOHಣ WDPHQWH FDULFD HG ª LPSRಣ VWDWD VXOOD WHPSHUDWXUD SL» EDVVD ,PSRVWDUH XQD WHPSHUDWXUD VXSHULRUH )DUH ULIHULPHQWR DO FDSLWROR ಯ3DQQHOOR GL FRQಣ WUROORರ /D WHPSHUDWXUD LPSRVWDWD QHOOಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD ª WURSಣ SR EDVVD H OD WHPSHUDWXUD DPELHQWH ª WURSSR DOWD ,PSRVWDUH XQD WHPSHUDWXUD VXSHULRUH )DUH ULIHULPHQWR DO FDSLWROR ಯ3DQQHOOR GL FRQಣ WUROORರ 6FRUUH GHOOಬDFTXD VXO SDQಣ QHOOR SRVWHULRUH GHO IULJRULIHಣ UR 'XUDQWH OR VEULQD
3UREOHPD &DXVD SRVVLELOH 6ROX]LRQH /R VSHVVRUH GHOOD EULQD ª PDJJLRUH GL PP 6EULQDUH OಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD /D SRUWD ª VWDWD DSHUWD IUHಣ TXHQWHPHQWH $SULUH OD SRUWD VROR VH QHಣ FHVVDULR 1RQ Fಬª FLUFROD]LRQH GL DULD IUHGGD QHOOಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD $VVLFXUDUVL FKH FL VLD FLUFRಣ OD]LRQH GL DULD IUHGGD QHOಣ OಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD )DUH ULIHಣ ULPHQWR DO FDSLWROR ಯ&RQVLJOL H VXJJHULPHQWL XWLOLರ 6H TXHVWH LQGLFD]LRQL QRQ GDQQR L ULVXOWDWL VSHUDWL FRQWDWWDUH LO &HQWUR GL $VVLVWHQ]D $XWRUL]]DWR SL» YLFL
58025, SSSRRR! BRRR! CLICK! HISSS! BLUBB! '$7, 7(&1,&, , GDWL WHFQLFL VRQR ULSRUWDWL VXOOD WDUJKHWWD GHL GDWL DSSOLFDWD VXO ODWR HVWHUQR GHOOಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD H VXOOಬHWLFKHWWD GHL YDORUL HQHUJHWLFL ,O FRGLFH 45 VXOOಬHWLFKHWWD HQHUJHWLFD IRUQLWD FRQ OಬDSSDUHFFKLDWXUD ULSRUWD XQ OLQN ZHE DOOH LQIRUPD]LRQL FRUUHODWH DO IXQ]LRQDPHQWR GL TXHVWD DSSDUHFFKLDWXUD QHOOD EDQFD GDWL (35(/ GHOOಬ8( &RQVHUYDUH OಬHWLFKHWWD HQHUJHWLFD FRPH ULIHULPHQWR LQVLHPH DO PDQXDOH GಬXVR H D WXWWL JOL DOWUL GRFXPHQWL IRUQLWL
&216,'(5$=,21, 68// $0%,(17( 5LFLFODUH L PDWHULDOL FRQ LO VLPEROR %XWWDUH O LPEDOODJJLR QHJOL DSSRVLWL FRQWHQLWRUL SHU LO ULFLFODJJLR $LXWDUH D SURWHJJHUH OಬDPELHQWH H OD VDOXWH XPDQD H D ULFLFODUH ULILXWL GHULYDQWL GD DSSDUHFFKLDWXUH HOHWWULFKH HG HOHWWURQLFKH 1RQ VPDOWLUH OH DSSDUHFFKLDWXUH FKH ULSRUWDQR LO VLPEROR LQVLHPH DL QRUPDOL ULILXWL GRPHVWLFL 3RUWDUH LO SURGRWWR DO SXQWR GL ULFLFODJJLR SL» YLFLQR R FRQWDWWDUH LO FRPXQH GL UHVLGHQ]D
