*HEUXLNಣ VDDQZLM]LQJ 8VHU 0DQXDO 1RWLFH G XWLOLಣ VDWLRQ %HQXW]HULQಣ IRUPDWLRQ .RHONDVW 5HIULJHUDWRU 5«IULJ«UDWHXU .
,1+28'623*$9( 9HLOLJKHLGVLQIRUPDWLH 9HLOLJKHLGVYRRUVFKULIWHQ ,QVWDOODWLH %HGLHQLQJVSDQHHO 'DJHOLMNV JHEUXLN $DQZLM]LQJHQ HQ WLSV 2QGHUKRXG HQ UHLQLJLQJ 3UREOHHPRSORVVLQJ *HOXLGHQ 7HFKQLVFKH JHJHYHQV $DQZLM]LQJHQ YRRU WHVWLQVWLWXWHQ ./$17(16(59,&( (1 6(59,&( *HEUXLN DOWLMG RULJLQHOH RQGHUGHOHQ $OV X FRQWDFW RSQHHPW PHW RQ]H HUNHQGH VHUYLFHGLHQVW ]RUJ HU GDQ YRRU GDW X GH YROJHQGH JHJHYHQV WRW XZ EHVFKLNNLQJ KHEW 0RGHO VHULHQXPPHU 'H LQIRUPDWLH YLQGW X RS KHW W\SHSODDWM
ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ .LQGHUHQ LQ GH OHHIWLMG YDQ WRW MDDU PRJHQ KHW DSSDUDDW ODGHQ HQ ORVVHQ RS YRRUZDDUGH GDW ]H JRHG ]LMQ JH±QVWUXHHUG 'LW DSSDUDDW PDJ ZRUGHQ JHEUXLNW GRRU SHUVRQHQ PHW ]ZDUH HQ FRPSOH[H EHSHUNLQJHQ LQGLHQ ]H GXLGHOLMN ]LMQ JH±QVWUXHHUG .LQGHUHQ MRQJHU GDQ MDDU GLHQHQ PLWV ]LM YRRUWGXUHQG RQGHU WRH]LFKW VWDDQ ELM KHW DSSDUDDW XLW GH EXXUW WH ZRUGHQ JHKRXGHQ /DDW NLQGHUHQ QLHW PHW KHW DSSDUDDW VSHOHQ .
ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ ವ :$$56&+8:,1* /HW RS GDW X KHW NRHOFLUFXLW QLHW EHVFKDGLJW :$$56&+8:,1* *HEUXLN JHHQ HOHNWULVFKH DSSDUDWHQ LQ GH NRHONDVW WHQ]LM GH]H GRRU GH IDEULNDQW ZRUGHQ DDQEHYROHQ *HEUXLN JHHQ ZDWHUVWUDOHQ HQ VWRRP RP KHW DSSDUDDW WH UHLQLJHQ 0DDN KHW DSSDUDDW VFKRRQ PHW HHQ YRFKWLJH ]DFKWH GRHN *HEUXLN DOOHHQ QHXWUDOH VFKRRQPDDNPLGGHOHQ *HEUXLN JHHQ VFKXXUPLGGHOHQ VFKXXUVSRQVMHV RSORVPLGGHOHQ RI PHWDOHQ YRRUZHUSHQ $OV KHW DSSDUDDW ODQJH WLMG OHHJ LV VFKDNHO KHW GDQ XLW RQWGRRL UHLQL
ವ 7LO GH YRRUNDQW YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW RS DOV X KHP ZLOW YHUSODDWVHQ RP NUDVVHQ RS GH YORHU WH YRRUNRPHQ $DQVOXLWLQJ RS KHW HOHNWULFLWHLWVQHW :$$56&+8:,1* *HYDDU YRRU EUDQG HQ HOHNWULVFKH VFKRNNHQ :$$56&+8:,1* =RUJ HU ELM KHW SODDWVHQ YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW YRRU GDW KHW VWURRPVQRHU QLHW NOHP ]LW RI ZRUGW EHVFKDGLJG :$$56&+8:,1* *HEUXLN JHHQ PHHUZHJVWHNNHUV HQ YHUOHQJVQRHUHQ ವ 'LW DSSDUDDW PRHW ZRUGHQ DDQJHVORWHQ RS HHQ JHDDUG VWRSFRQWDFW ವ =RUJ HUYRRU GDW GH SDUDPHWHUV RS KHW YHUPRJHQVSODDWMH RYHUHHQNRPH
ವ 6FKDNHO KHW DSSDUDDW XLW HQ WUHN GH VWHNNHU XLW KHW VWRSFRQWDFW YRRUGDW X RQGHUKRXGVKDQGHOLQJHQ YHUULFKW ವ +HW NRHOFLUFXLW YDQ GLW DSSDUDDW EHYDW NRROZDWHUVWRIIHQ (QNHO EHYRHJGH SHUVRQHQ PRJHQ GH HHQKHLG RQGHUKRXGHQ HQ KHUODGHQ ವ &RQWUROHHU UHJHOPDWLJ GH DIYRHU YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW HQ UHLQLJ KHW LQGLHQ QRGLJ ,QGLHQ GH DIYRHU YHUVWRSW LV ]DO HU ZDWHU RS GH ERGHP YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW OLJJHQ 6HUYLFH ವ 1HHP FRQWDFW RS PHW GH HUNHQGH VHUYLFHGLHQVW YRRU UHSDUDWLH YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW *HEUXLN XLWVOXLWHQG RULJLQHO
D3 D2 3° H2 W1 6 1, 11 H1 D1 $IPHWLQJHQ W3 W2 7RWDOH DIPHWLQJHQ { + PP : PP ' PP { GH KRRJWH EUHHGWH HQ GLHSWH YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW ]LMQ H[FOXVLHI GH KDQGJUHHS HQ SRRWMHV %HQRGLJGH UXLPWH WLMGHQV JHEUXLN t + PP : PP ' PP t GH KRRJWH EUHHGWH HQ GLHSWH YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW LQFOXVLHI GH KDQGJUHHS SOXV GH UXLPWH GLH QRGLJ LV YRRU YULMH FLUFXODWLH YDQ GH NRHOOXFKW 7RWDOH EHQRGLJGH UXLPWH LQ JHEUXLN u + PP : PP ' PP u GH KRRJWH EUHHGW
+HW PRHW PRJHOLMN ]LMQ KHW DSSDUDDW YDQ GH KRRIGVWURRPWRHYRHU DI WH KDOHQ 'H VWHNNHU PRHW GDDURP QD LQVWDOODWLH JHPDNNHOLMN WRHJDQNHOLMN ]LMQ (OHNWULVFKH DDQVOXLWLQJ ವ =RUJ HU YµµU KHW DDQVOXLWHQ YRRU GDW KHW YROWDJH HQ GH IUHTXHQWLH RS KHW W\SHSODDWMH RYHUHHQNRPHQ PHW GH VWURRPWRHYRHU LQ XZ KXLV ವ 'LW DSSDUDDW PRHW ZRUGHQ DDQJHVORWHQ RS HHQ JHDDUG VWRSFRQWDFW 'H QHWVQRHUVWHNNHU LV YRRU]LHQ YDQ HHQ FRQWDFW YRRU GLW GRHO $OV KHW VWRSFRQWDFW QLHW JHDDUG LV VOXLW KHW DSSDUDDW GDQ DDQ RS HHQ DI]RQGHUO
'$*(/,-.6 *(%58,.
$$1:,-=,1*(1 (1 7,36 7LSV YRRU HQHUJLHEHVSDULQJ ವ +HW PHHVW HIILFLQWH JHEUXLN YDQ HQHUJLH LV YHU]HNHUG LQ GH FRQILJXUDWLH PHW GH ODGHV LQ KHW RQGHUVWH GHHO YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW HQ PHW GH UHNNHQ JHOLMNPDWLJ YHUGHHOG 'H SRVLWLH YDQ GH GHXUEDNNHQ KHHIW JHHQ LQYORHG RS KHW HQHUJLHYHUEUXLN ವ 'H GHXU QLHW YDNHU RSHQHQ RI RSHQ ODWHQ VWDDQ GDQ QRRG]DNHOLMN ವ 6WHO GH WHPSHUDWXXU QLHW WH KRRJ LQ RP HQHUJLH WH EHVSDUHQ WHQ]LM GH NHQPHUNHQ YDQ KHW YRHGVHO GLW YHUHLVHQ ವ $OV GH RPJHYLQJVWHPSHUDWXXU KRRJ LV GH WHP
21'(5+28' (1 5(,1,*,1* :$$56&+8:,1* 5DDGSOHHJ GH KRRIGVWXNNHQ 9HLOLJKHLG 'H ELQQHQNDQW VFKRRQPDNHQ UHJHOPDWLJ VFKRRQ WH PDNHQ RP WH YRRUNRPHQ GDW KHW ZDWHU RYHUORRSW HQ RS KHW YRHGVHO LQ GH NRHONDVW JDDW GUXSSHOHQ *HEUXLN KLHUYRRU GH EXLVUHLQLJHU GLH ZHUG PHHJHOHYHUG PHW KHW DSSDUDDW 9RRUGDW X KHW DSSDUDDW YRRU GH HHUVWH NHHU JHEUXLNW ZDVW X GH ELQQHQNDQW HQ GH LQWHUQH DFFHVVRLUHV PHW ODXZZDUP ZDWHU HQ HHQ EHHWMH QHXWUDOH ]HHS RP GH W\SLVFKH JHXU YDQ HHQ QLHXZ SURGXFW ZHJ WH QHPHQ 'URRJ GDDUQD
9HUZLMGHU DO KHW YRHGVHO 0DDN KHW DSSDUDDW HQ DOOH WRHEHKRUHQ VFKRRQ /DDW GH GHXU RSHQ VWDDQ RP RQDDQJHQDPH OXFKWMHV WH YRRUNRPHQ 352%/((023/266,1* :$$56&+8:,1* 5DDGSOHHJ GH KRRIGVWXNNHQ 9HLOLJKHLG :DW WH GRHQ DOV 3UREOHHP 0RJHOLMNH RRU]DDN 2SORVVLQJ +HW DSSDUDDW ZHUNW QLHW +HW DSSDUDDW ZHUG XLWJHಣ VFKDNHOG 6FKDNHO KHW DSSDUDDW LQ 'H VWHNNHU ]LW QLHW JRHG LQ KHW VWRSFRQWDFW 6WHHN GH VWHNNHU JRHG LQ KHW VWRSFRQWDFW (U VWDDW JHHQ VSDQQLQJ RS KHW VWRSFRQWDFW 6OXLW K
3UREOHHP 0RJHOLMNH RRU]DDN 2SORVVLQJ 'H YHUOLFKWLQJ ZHUNW QLHW 'H VWDQG E\VWDQG YDQ GH YHUOLFKWLQJ LV LQJHVFKDNHOG 6OXLW HQ RSHQ GH GHXU 'H ODPS LV GHIHFW =LH 'H ODPS YHUYDQJHQ (U LV WH YHHO EHYURUHQ ULMS HQ LMV 'H GHXU LV QLHW JRHG JHVORಣ WHQ =LH 'H GHXU VOXLWHQ +HW GHXUUXEEHU LV YHUYRUPG RI YXLO =LH 'H GHXU VOXLWHQ 'H YRHGLQJVSURGXFWHQ LV QLHW JRHG YHUSDNW 9HUSDN GH YRHGLQJVSURGXFಣ WHQ EHWHU 'H WHPSHUDWXXU LV YHUNHHUG LQJHVWHOG 5DDGSOHHJ KHW KRRIGVWXN %HGLHQ
3UREOHHP 0RJHOLMNH RRU]DDN 2SORVVLQJ 'H GHXU LV QLHW JRHG JHVORಣ WHQ =LH 'H GHXU VOXLWHQ 'H WHPSHUDWXXU YDQ GH YRHಣ GLQJVSURGXFWHQ LV WH KRRJ /DDW GH YRHGLQJVSURGXFWHQ DINRHOHQ WRW NDPHUWHPSHUDಣ WXXU YRRUGDW X ]H RSEHUJW (U ZHUGHQ YHHO YRHGLQJVSURಣ GXFWHQ LQ HHQ NHHU RSJHERUಣ JHQ %HUJ PLQGHU YRHGLQJVSURಣ GXFWHQ LQ HHQ NHHU RS 'H GHXU ZHUG YDDN JHRಣ SHQG 2SHQ GH GHXU DOOHHQ DOV GDW QRGLJ LV (U ZRUGW JHHQ NRXGH OXFKW JHFLUFXOHHUG LQ KHW DSSDUDDW =RUJ HUYRRU GDW HU NRXGH
*(/8,'(1 SSSRRR! BRRR! CLICK! HISSS! BLUBB! 7(&+1,6&+( *(*(9(16 'H WHFKQLVFKH JHJHYHQV VWDDQ RS KHW W\SHSODDWMH DDQ GH ELQQHQNDQW YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW HQ RS KHW HQHUJLHODEHO 'H 45 FRGH RS KHW HQHUJLHODEHO GDW ELM KHW DSSDUDDW ZRUGW JHOHYHUG ELHGW HHQ LQWHUQHWNRSSHOLQJ QDDU GH LQIRUPDWLH JHUHODWHHUG DDQ GH SUHVWDWLHV YDQ KHW DSSDUDDW LQ GH (8 (35(/ GDWDEDVH %HZDDU KHW HQHUJLHODEHO WHU UHIHUHQWLH VDPHQ PHW GH JHEUXLNHUVKDQGOHLGLQJ HQ DOOH DQGHUH GRFXPHQWHQ GLH ELM GLW DSSDUDDW ZRUGHQ JHOHYHUG +HW LV
0,/,(8%(6&+(50,1* 5HF\FOHHU GH PDWHULDOHQ PHW KHW V\PERRO *RRL GH YHUSDNNLQJ LQ HHQ JHVFKLNWH DIYDOFRQWDLQHU RP KHW WH UHF\FOHUHQ %HVFKHUP KHW PLOLHX HQ GH YRONVJH]RQGKHLG HQ UHF\FOHHU RS HHQ FRUUHFWH PDQLHU KHW DIYDO YDQ HOHNWULVFKH HQ HOHNWURQLVFKH DSSDUDWHQ *RRL DSSDUDWHQ JHPDUNHHUG PHW KHW V\PERRO QLHW ZHJ PHW KHW KXLVKRXGHOLMN DIYDO %UHQJ KHW SURGXFW QDDU KHW PLOLHXVWDWLRQ ELM X LQ GH EXXUW RI QHHP FRQWDFW RS PHW GH JHPHHQWH