User's Manual

Note: The values listed here represent commonly published
ranges for adults and are for reference purposes only.
Note: Acceptable values for individual patients should be
determined by hospital protocol and the attending physician.
Table 17: Hemodynamic Calculations
Variable Calculation Normal Range*
Cardiac Index (CI)
CO
BSA
2.5 - 4.0
liters/min/m
2
Stroke Volume (SV) CO x 1000 HR 60 - 130 ml/beat
Stroke Volume Index (SVI)
SV
BSA
30 - 65
ml/beat/m
2
Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) MAP - CVP x 79.9 CO
900 - 1400 dynes
x sec/cm
5
Systemic Vascular Resistance Index
(SVRI)
MAP - CVP x 79.9 CI
(Converts to SVR x BSA)
1760 - 2600
(dynes x
sec/cm
5
) x m
2
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
(PVR)
MPA - PCWP x 79.9 CO
20 - 130 dynes x
sec/cm
5
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
Index (PVRI)
MPA - PCWP x 79.9 CI
(Converts to PVR x BSA)
36 - 235 (dynes x
sec/cm
5
) x m
2
Left Ventricular Stroke Work (LVSW) (MAP - PCWP) x SV x 0.0136
Left Ventricular Stroke Work Index
(LVSWI)
(MAP - PCWP) x SVI x 0.0136
(Converts to LVSW/BSA)
45 - 75 g x
min/m
2
/beat
Right Ventricular Stroke Work
(RSVW)
(MPA - CVP) x SV x 0.0136
Right Ventricular Stroke Work Index
(RVSWI))
(MPA - CVP) x SVI x 0.0136
(Converts to RVSW/BSA)
4 - 8 g x
min/m
2
/beat
(HR = Heart Rate; BSA = Body Surface Area; MAP = Mean Arterial Pulse; CVP = Central
Venous Pressure; MPA = Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure; PCWP = Pulmonary Capillary
Wedge Pressure)
Table 18: Renal Calculations
Variable
Acquisition Method or
Calculation
Units
Urine Potassium (URK) Laboratory Measurement mEq/L
Plasma Osmolality (PLOSM) Laboratory Measurement mOsm/L
Urine Osmolality (UROSM) Laboratory Measurement mOsm/L
Serum Sodium (SerNa) Laboratory Measurement mEq/L
Serum Creatinine (CR) Laboratory Measurement mg/dl
Urine Creatinine (UCR) Laboratory Measurement mg/dl
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Laboratory Measurement mg/dl
Urine Sodium (URNa) Laboratory Measurement mEq/L
Urine Volume (URINE) Data Entry ml/day
Urine Sodium Excretion (URNaEX) URNa x URINE/1000 mEq/day
Urine Potassium Excretion (URKEX) URK x URINE/1000 mEq/day
Urine Sodium to Urine Potassium Ratio (Na/K) URNa/URK (ratio)
Osmolar Clearance (COSM)
(UROSM/PLOSM) x
URINE
ml/day
Water Clearance (CH
2
O) URINE - COSM ml/day
Urine Osmolality to Plasma Osmolality Ratio
(U/POSM)
UROSM/PLOSM (ratio)
Fractional Sodium Excretion (FENa)
(URNa/SerNa) x (CR/UCR)
x 100
%
Creatinine Clearance (CRCL)
(UCR/CR) x URINE/1440)
x 1.73/BSA
ml/min/m
2
Non-Saline Loss (NSLOSS)
URINE - (URINE x
URNa/SerNa)
ml/day
BUN to Creatinine Ratio (BUN/CR) BUN/CR (ratio)
Urine Creatinine to Serum Creatinine Ratio
(U/CR)
UCR/CR (ratio)
Table 19: Oxygenation Calculations
Variable Calculation
Normal
Range*
Arterial Oxygen Saturation
(SaO
2
)
Laboratory Measurement (SaO
2
) or Pulse
Oximetry (SpO
2
)
95 - 100%
Partial Pressure of Arterial
Oxygen (PaO
2
)
Laboratory Measurement
80 - 100
mmHg
Mixed Venous Oxygen
Saturation (SvO
2
)
Laboratory Measurement or Monitored
Valu e
60 - 80%
Partial Pressure of Mixed
Venous Oxygen (PvO
2
)
Laboratory Measurement
35 - 45
mmHg
Oxygen Availability (O
2
AV) CTaO
2
x CO x 10
900 - 1100
ml/min
Oxygen Availability Index
(O
2
AVI)
O
2
AV/BSA
497 - 608
ml/min/m
2
Arterial Oxygen Content
(CTaO
2
)
(1.34 x Hgb x SpO
2
/100) + (PaO2 x 0.0031) 18 - 20 ml/dl
Mixed Venous Oxygen
Content (CTvO
2
)
(1.34 x Hgb x SvO
2
/100) + (PvO
2
x 0.0031) 14 - 16 ml/dl
Arterial/Venous Oxygen
Difference (avDO
2
)
CTaO
2
- CTvO
2
3 - 5.5 ml/dl
Oxygen Consumption
(VO
2
)
avDO
2
x CO x 10
200 - 300
ml/min
Oxygen Consumption
Index (VO
2
I)
VO
2
/BSA
110 - 166
ml/min/m
2
Oxygen Extraction Ratio
(O
2
ER)
VO
2
/O
2
AV (Simplifies to avDO
2
/CTaO
2
) 1/4 or 0.25
Partial Pressure of Alveolar
Oxygen (PAO
2
)
[(FiO
2
/100) x (PB - 47)] - PaCO
2
/0.8 100 mm Hg
Pulmonary Venous
Admixture Shunt (Qs/Qt)
100 x[ (1.34 x Hgb) + (0.0031 x PAO
2
) -
CTaO
2
)]
(1.34 x Hgb) + (0.0031 x PAO
2
) - CTvO
2
Varia ble,
depending on
FiO
2
PaO
2
/FiO
2
Ratio (P/F) PaO
2
/FiO
2
Varia ble,
depending on
FiO
2
(Hgb = Hemoglobin; PB = Barometric Pressure)
Table 20: Respiration Calculations
Variable Calculation Units
Respiratory Rate (RR)
Monitored Value or
Ventilator
breaths/min
Partial Pressure of Arterial Carbon Dioxide
(PaCO
2
)
Laboratory Measurement mmHg
Tidal Volume (VT) Ventilator ml/breath
Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP) Ventilator cmH
2
O
Plateau Pressure (PLT) Ventilator cmH
2
O
Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) Ventilator cmH
2
O
Partial Pressure of Expired Carbon Dioxide
(PECO
2
)
Data Entry mmHg
Minute Volume (VMIN) VT x RR/1000 L/min
Static Compliance (Cst) VT/(PLT - PEEP) ml/cmH
2
O
Dynamic Compliance (Cdyn) VT/(PIP - PEEP) ml/cmH
2
O
Dead Space Volume (VD)
(PaCO
2
- PECO
2
) x
(VT/PaCO
2
)
ml
Dead Space to Tidal Volume Ratio (VD/VT) VD/VT (ratio)
Alveolar Ventilation (VA) (VT - VD) x RR ml/min