L78xx L78xxC Positive voltage regulators Features ■ Output current to 1.5 A ■ Output voltages of 5; 6; 8; 8.5; 9; 12; 15; 18; 24 V ■ Thermal overload protection ■ Short circuit protection ■ Output transition SOA protection TO-220 TO-220FP Description The L78xx series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP, TO-3, D2PAK and DPAK packages and several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range of applications.
Contents L78xx - L78xxC Contents 1 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 Test circuits 5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L78xx - L78xxC List of figures List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. Figure 31. Figure 32. Figure 33. Figure 34. Figure 35. Figure 36. Figure 37. Figure 38. Figure 39. Figure 40. Figure 41. Figure 42. Figure 43.
List of tables L78xx - L78xxC List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Table 19. Table 20. Table 21. Table 22. Table 23. Table 24. Table 25. Table 26. Table 27. Table 28. Table 29. Table 30. Table 31. Table 32. Table 33. 4/56 Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L78xx - L78xxC 1 Diagram Figure 1.
Pin configuration L78xx - L78xxC 2 Pin configuration Figure 2. Pin connections (top view) TO-220 D2PAK (Any Type) Figure 3.
L78xx - L78xxC Maximum ratings 3 Maximum ratings Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Parameter Value for VO= 5 to 18 V 35 for VO= 20, 24 V 40 Unit VI DC input voltage IO Output current Internally limited PD Power dissipation Internally limited TSTG Storage temperature range TOP Operating junction temperature range V -65 to 150 for L7800 °C -55 to 150 °C for L7800C 0 to 150 Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Test circuits 4 Test circuits Figure 5. DC parameter Figure 6. Load regulation Figure 7.
L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics 5 Electrical characteristics Table 4. Electrical characteristics of L7805 (refer to the test circuits, TJ = -55 to 150 °C, VI = 10 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 4.8 5 5.2 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 8 to 20 V 4.65 5 5.
Electrical characteristics Table 5. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7806 (refer to the test circuits, TJ = -55 to 150 °C, VI = 11 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 5.75 6 6.25 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 9 to 21 V 5.65 6 6.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 6. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7808 (refer to the test circuits, TJ = -55 to 150 °C, VI = 14V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 7.7 8 8.3 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1A, PO ≤15 W VI = 11.5 to 23 V 7.6 8 8.
Electrical characteristics Table 7. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7812 (refer to the test circuits, TJ = -55 to 150 °C, VI = 19 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 11.5 12 12.5 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 15.5 to 27 V 11.4 12 12.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 8. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7815 (refer to the test circuits, TJ = -55 to 150 °C, VI = 23 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 14.4 15 15.6 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 18.5 to 30 V 14.25 15 15.
Electrical characteristics Table 9. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7818 (refer to the test circuits, TJ = -55 to 150 °C, VI = 26 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 17.3 18 18.7 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 22 to 33 V 17.1 18 18.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 10. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7820 (refer to the test circuits, TJ = -55 to 150 °C, VI = 28 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 24 to 35 V ΔVO(1) Line regulation ΔVO(1) Load regulation Id ΔId ΔVO/ΔT Quiescent current Quiescent current change Min. Typ. Max. Unit 19.2 20 20.
Electrical characteristics Table 11. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7824 (refer to the test circuits, TJ = -55 to 150 °C, VI = 33 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 28 to 38 V ΔVO(1) Line regulation ΔVO(1) Load regulation Id ΔId ΔVO/ΔT Quiescent current Quiescent current change Min. Typ. Max. Unit 23 24 25 V 22.8 24 25.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 12. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7805C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 10 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 4.8 5 5.2 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 7 to 20 V 4.75 5 5.
Electrical characteristics Table 13. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7852C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 10 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 5.0 5.2 5.4 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 8 to 20 V 4.95 5.2 5.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 14. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7806C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 11 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 5.75 6 6.25 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 8 to 21 V 5.7 6 6.
Electrical characteristics Table 15. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7808C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 14 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 7.7 8 8.3 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 10.5 to 25 V 7.6 8 8.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 16. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7885C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 14.5 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 8.2 8.5 8.8 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 11 to 26 V 8.1 8.5 8.
Electrical characteristics Table 17. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7809C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 15 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 8.64 9 9.36 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 11.5 to 26 V 8.55 9 9.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 18. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7810C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 15 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 9.6 10 10.4 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 12.5 to 26 V 9.5 10 10.
Electrical characteristics Table 19. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7812C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 19 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 11.5 12 12.5 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 14.5 to 27 V 11.4 12 12.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 20. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7815C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 23 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 14.5 15 15.6 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 17.5 to 30 V 14.25 15 15.
Electrical characteristics Table 21. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7818C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 26 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 17.3 18 18.7 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 21 to 33 V 17.1 18 18.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 22. Symbol Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics of L7820C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 28 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 23 to 35 V ΔVO(1) Line regulation ΔVO(1) Load regulation Id ΔId ΔVO/ΔT Quiescent current Quiescent current change Min. Typ. Max. Unit 19.2 20 20.
Electrical characteristics Table 23. Symbol L78xx - L78xxC Electrical characteristics of L7824C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 150 °C, VI = 33 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, PO ≤15 W VI = 27 to 38 V ΔVO(1) Line regulation ΔVO(1) Load regulation Id ΔId ΔVO/ΔT Quiescent current Quiescent current change Min. Typ. Max. Unit 23 24 25 V 22.8 24 25.
L78xx - L78xxC 6 Typical performance Figure 8. Dropout voltage vs junction temperature Typical performance Figure 9. Peak output current vs input/output differential voltage Figure 10. Supply voltage rejection vs frequency Figure 11. Output voltage vs junction temperature Figure 12. Output impedance vs frequency Figure 13. Quiescent current vs junction temp.
Typical performance Figure 14. Load transient response L78xx - L78xxC Figure 15. Line transient response Figure 16. Quiescent current vs input voltage Figure 17. Fixed output regulator 1. To specify an output voltage, substitute voltage value for "XX". 2. Although no output capacitor is need for stability, it does improve transient response. 3. Required if regulator is locate an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
L78xx - L78xxC Typical performance Figure 18. Current regulator IO = VXX/R1+Id Figure 19. Circuit for increasing output voltage IR1 ≥ 5 Id VO = VXX(1+R2/R1)+IdR2 Figure 20.
Typical performance Figure 21. 0.5 to 10 V regulator VO=VXXR4/R1 Figure 22. High current voltage regulator VBEQ1 R1 = ______________ IREQ-(IQ1/βQ1) VBEQ1 IO = IREG + Q1 (IREG ______) R1 Figure 23.
L78xx - L78xxC Typical performance Figure 24. Tracking voltage regulator Figure 25. Split power supply (± 15 V - 1 A) * Against potential latch-up problems.
Typical performance Figure 26. Negative output voltage circuit Figure 27. Switching regulator Figure 28.
L78xx - L78xxC Typical performance Figure 29. High input voltage circuit Figure 30. High output voltage regulator Figure 31.
Typical performance Figure 32. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor VI(min)-VXX-VDROP(max) R = ____________________ IO(max)+Id(max) Figure 33. Remote shutdown Figure 34. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO ≤0.5) Note: 36/56 The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz.
L78xx - L78xxC Typical performance Figure 35. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation VO = VXX (1+R2/R1) + VBE Note: Q2 is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with the temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the VO. Figure 36.
Typical performance L78xx - L78xxC Figure 37. Protection against input short-circuit with high capacitance loads 1. Application with high capacitance loads and an output voltage greater than 6 volts need an external diode (see Figure 32 on page 36) to protect the device against input short circuit. In this case the input voltage falls rapidly while the output voltage decrease slowly. The capacitance discharges by means of the BaseEmitter junction of the series pass transistor in the regulator.
L78xx - L78xxC 7 Package mechanical data Package mechanical data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
Package mechanical data L78xx - L78xxC Figure 38. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type SMIC-subcon.
L78xx - L78xxC Package mechanical data Figure 39.
Package mechanical data Table 24. L78xx - L78xxC TO-220 mechanical data Dim. Min. Type STD-ST Type SMIC-Subcon. mm. mm. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.40 4.60 4.47 4.57 4.67 A1 0.61 0.88 0.80 0.81 0.86 b1 1.14 1.70 1.15 c 0.49 0.70 0.56 c1 D 0.38 15.25 D1 15.75 15.07 15.24 15.45 1.27 E 10.00 10.40 10 10.15 10.30 e 2.40 2.70 2.29 2.54 2.79 e1 4.95 5.15 4.83 5.08 5.33 F 1.23 1.32 1.27 H1 6.20 6.60 6.24 J1 2.40 2.72 2.04 2.67 2.92 L 13.
L78xx - L78xxC Package mechanical data Figure 40.
Package mechanical data Table 25. L78xx - L78xxC TO-220FP mechanical data mm. inch. Dim. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106 D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108 E 0.45 0.70 0.017 0.027 F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039 F1 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 F2 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 G 4.95 5.2 0.194 0.204 G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106 H 10.0 10.40 0.393 0.409 L2 16 0.630 L3 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.204 L4 9.8 10.6 0.385 0.417 L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.
L78xx - L78xxC Package mechanical data Figure 41. Drawing dimension TO-3 A P D C O N B V U E G R P003C/C Table 26. TO-3 mechanical data mm. inch. Dim. Min. A B Typ. Max. Min. 11.85 0.96 1.05 Typ. Max. 0.466 1.10 0.037 0.041 0.043 C 1.70 0.066 D 8.7 0.342 E 20.0 0.787 G 10.9 0.429 N 16.9 0.665 P R 26.2 3.88 4.09 U V 1.031 0.152 0.161 39.5 30.10 1.555 1.
Package mechanical data L78xx - L78xxC Figure 42.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 27. Package mechanical data DPAK mechanical data mm. inch. Dim. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 2.2 2.4 0.086 0.094 A1 0.9 1.1 0.035 0.043 A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009 B 0.64 0.9 0.025 0.035 b4 5.2 5.4 0.204 0.212 C 0.45 0.6 0.017 0.023 C2 0.48 0.6 0.019 0.023 D 6 6.2 0.236 0.244 D1 E 5.1 6.4 0.200 6.6 0.252 0.260 E1 4.7 0.185 e 2.28 0.090 e1 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181 H 9.35 10.1 0.368 0.397 L 1 0.039 (L1) 2.8 0.
Package mechanical data L78xx - L78xxC Figure 43. Drawing dimension tape and reel for DPAK Table 28. Tape and reel DPAK mechanical data mm. inch. Dim. Min. Typ. A Min. Typ. 330 13.0 13.2 Max. 12.992 C 12.8 D 20.2 0.795 N 60 2.362 T 48/56 Max. 0.504 0.512 22.4 0.519 0.882 Ao 6.80 6.90 7.00 0.268 0.272 0.2.76 Bo 10.40 10.50 10.60 0.409 0.413 0.417 Ko 2.55 2.65 2.75 0.100 0.104 0.105 Po 3.9 4.0 4.1 0.153 0.157 0.161 P 7.9 8.0 8.1 0.311 0.315 0.
L78xx - L78xxC Package mechanical data Figure 44.
Package mechanical data L78xx - L78xxC Figure 45. Drawing dimension D²PAK (type WOOSEOK-Subcon.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 29. Package mechanical data D²PAK mechanical data Dim. Min. TYPE WOOSEOK-Subcon. mm. mm. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.40 4.60 4.30 4.70 A1 0.03 0.23 0 0.20 b 0.70 0.93 0.70 0.90 b2 1.14 1.70 1.17 1.37 c 0.45 0.60 0.45 0.50 0.60 c2 1.23 1.36 1.25 1.30 1.40 D 8.95 9.35 9 9.20 9.40 D1 7.50 E 10 E1 8.50 e 7.50 10.40 9.80 10.20 7.50 2.54 2.54 e1 4.88 5.28 H 15 15.85 15 J1 2.49 2.69 2.20 2.60 L 2.29 2.79 1.79 2.
Package mechanical data L78xx - L78xxC Figure 46. D²PAK footprint recommended data Table 30. D²PAK footprint data Values 52/56 Dim. mm. inch. A 12.20 0.480 B 9.75 0.384 C 16.90 0.665 D 3.50 0.138 E 1.60 0.063 F 2.54 0.100 G 5.08 0.
L78xx - L78xxC Table 31. Package mechanical data Tape and reel D²PAK mechanical data mm. inch. Dim. Min. Typ. A Max. Min. Typ. 180 13.0 7.086 C 12.8 D 20.2 0.795 N 60 2.362 T 13.2 Max. 0.504 0.512 14.4 0.519 0.567 Ao 10.50 10.6 10.70 0.413 0.417 0.421 Bo 15.70 15.80 15.90 0.618 0.622 0.626 Ko 4.80 4.90 5.00 0.189 0.193 0.197 Po 3.9 4.0 4.1 0.153 0.157 0.161 P 11.9 12.0 12.1 0.468 0.472 0.476 Figure 47.
Order codes L78xx - L78xxC 8 Order codes Table 32. Order codes Order codes Part numbers TO-220 DPAK D2PAK TO-220FP L7805 TO-3 L7805T L7805C L7805CV L7805CDT-TR L7805CD2T-TR L7806C L7806CV L7806CD2T-TR L7808C L7808CV L7808CD2T-TR L7805CT L7806CT L7808CP L7885CP (1) L7885CT (1) L7885C L7885CV L7809C L7809CV L7809CD2T-TR L7809CP L7812C L7812CV L7812CD2T-TR L7812CP L7812CT L7815C L7815CV L7815CD2T-TR L7815CP L7815CT L7818C L7818CV L7824C L7824CV 1.
L78xx - L78xxC Revision history 9 Revision history Table 33. Document revision history Date Revision Changes 21-Jun-2004 12 Document updating. 03-Aug-2006 13 Order codes has been updated and new template. 19-Jan-2007 14 D2PAK mechanical data has been updated and add footprint data. 31-May-2007 15 Order codes has been updated. 29-Aug-2007 16 Added Table 1 in cover page. 11-Dec-2007 17 Modified: Table 32.
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