Operation Manual
The Steinberg Documentation Team: Cristina Bachmann, Heiko Bischoff, Lillie Harris, Christina Kaboth, Insa Mingers, Matthias Obrecht, Sabine Pfeifer, Benjamin Schütte Translation: Ability InterBusiness Solutions (AIBS), Moon Chen, Jérémie Dal Santo, Rosa Freitag, Josep Llodra Grimalt, Vadim Kupriianov, Filippo Manfredi, Roland Münchow, Boris Rogowski, Sergey Tamarovsky This document provides improved access for people who are blind or have low vision.
Table of Contents 8 New features 10 10 11 11 12 12 Introduction Access to more features in Dorico for iPad Usage of interactive terms Usage of musical terms Documentation structure Conventions 14 14 Dorico concepts Design philosophy and higher-level concepts 22 22 30 34 36 User interface Project window Workspace setup Preferences dialog Key Commands page in the Preferences dialog 41 41 43 44 46 46 49 Project and file handling Hub Starting new projects Opening projects/files Printing layouts File ex
Table of Contents 447 447 450 451 452 453 455 456 460 460 462 462 462 463 Beaming Beam groups Beaming notes together manually Changing the direction of partial beams Beam placement relative to the staff Beam slants Centered beams Creating cross-staff beams Beam corners Secondary beams Tuplets within beams Rests within beams Stemlets Fanned beams 464 464 Note and rest grouping Creating custom beat groupings for meters 466 467 Brackets and braces Changing bracket grouping according to ensemble type Seco
Table of Contents 585 586 589 590 Lyric hyphens and lyric extender lines Lyric line numbers Verse numbers East Asian elision slurs 591 591 597 598 599 600 601 Notes Notehead sets Changing the width of ledger lines Changing the consolidation of rhythm dots Assigning notes to strings Hiding/Showing colors for notes out of range Bracketed noteheads 610 611 612 613 614 Harmonics Turning notes into harmonics Changing the harmonic partial Hiding/Showing or parenthesizing harmonic accidentals Appearances/Sty
Table of Contents 738 738 742 742 Repeat endings Changing the total number of playthroughs in repeat endings Lengthening/Shortening segments in repeat endings Positions of repeat endings Editing repeat ending text Changing the appearance of individual final repeat ending segments Lengthening/Shortening repeat ending hooks Repeat endings in MusicXML files 743 744 744 746 Repeat markers Changing the index for repeat markers Editing repeat marker text Positions of repeat markers 748 749 750 752 Bar repe
Table of Contents 884 886 886 887 888 890 896 899 901 902 903 903 904 Percussion kits and drum sets Per-flow notation options for unpitched percussion Moving notes to different instruments in percussion kits Notations on notes in percussion kits Percussion kit presentation types Playing techniques for unpitched percussion instruments Percussion legends Voices in percussion kits Universal Indian Drum Notation 908 Voices Per-flow notation options for voices Hiding/Showing voice colors Allowing/Disallowing
New features NOTE Documentation for this new version is ongoing and will be updated regularly. Whilst we update the operation manual for the iPad, you may encounter some discrepancies between screenshots and descriptions in the operation manual and how the application appears and functions on your iPad. New Features in Version 1.1.0 Player limit for subscribers ● Subscribers can now create and edit projects with any number of players. See Access to more features in Dorico for iPad.
New features Panels/Popovers switch ● You can now switch between accessing panels and popovers from the Notations toolbox in Write mode. See Notations toolbox. Lower zone ● The lower zone, formerly known as the “bottom panel”, now contains multiple different panels, including Keyboard, Fretboard, and Drum Pads panels that you can use to input notes and the Mixer and Key Editor panels that you can use to adjust playback. See Lower zone (Write mode).
Introduction Thank you very much for downloading Dorico for iPad. We are delighted that you have chosen Steinberg's scoring application and hope that you will enjoy using it for years to come. Dorico is a next-generation application for producing beautiful sheet music, whether you are a composer, arranger, music engraver, publisher, instrumentalist, teacher, or student. Whether you want to print your music or share it in a digital format, Dorico is the most sophisticated program available.
Introduction Usage of interactive terms Usage of interactive terms In this documentation, terms for interacting with external computer keyboards and touchpads also apply when using the iPad touchscreen. Computer keyboard term iPad term Click Tap or touch Mouse or touchpad Finger(s) on touchscreen Scroll Swipe Usage of musical terms This documentation uses American terminology for musical items.
Introduction Documentation structure American name British name Bar/Measure Bar NOTE This documentation only uses “bar”. Documentation structure In our documentation, we divide information into three different types of topics, according to their content. Descriptions of the user interface Topics that describe the functionality of user interface items and list the options and settings of dialogs, panels, or other items.
Introduction Conventions Important Informs you about issues that might affect the system, the connected hardware, or that might bring a risk of data loss. Note Informs you about issues that you should consider. Tip Adds further information or useful suggestions. Example Provides you with an example. Result Shows the result of the procedure. After Completing This Task Informs you about actions or tasks that you can perform after completing the procedure.
Dorico concepts Dorico is based on a number of key concepts that come from its design philosophy. We recommend familiarizing yourself with these concepts, as this will greatly enhance your ability to work efficiently with Dorico and to navigate more easily through this documentation. Design philosophy and higher-level concepts Deep design considerations are required to create a notation software like Dorico, which might be of particular interest to users familiar with scoring applications.
Dorico concepts Design philosophy and higher-level concepts smaller number of staves, a full score with each player's music on separate staves, a custom score layout containing just the piano and vocal staves for choral rehearsals, and an instrumental part for each player that only contains the music belonging to them. Projects in Dorico A project is an individual file that you create within Dorico.
Dorico concepts Design philosophy and higher-level concepts Play In Play mode, you can change how your music sounds in playback. You can do this by changing the sounds assigned to tracks, adjusting the mix, and changing the sounding duration of notes in playback without affecting their notated duration.
Dorico concepts Design philosophy and higher-level concepts You can also group players together, for example, to separate off-stage players from on-stage players in a large-scale work. Grouping players together means they are positioned together in the score, numbered independently of players outside the group, and are bracketed together according to the ensemble type set for each layout. Players can be assigned to any combination of layouts and flows.
Dorico concepts Design philosophy and higher-level concepts One of the key benefits of popovers is that you can use them as you input notes: once you reach the position where you want to input a new time signature, for example, you can open the time signatures popover, input the time signature you want, and then continue inputting notes. Although specific entries are required for many notations, the correct entries for different notations are consistently and logically structured.
Dorico concepts Design philosophy and higher-level concepts changes the context, such as a quarter note tied to an eighth note becoming a dotted quarter note when it is followed by an eighth note rather than a rest. TIP In Write mode, selecting any part of a tie chain selects the whole tie chain because it is a single note. However, you can still input notations, such as dynamics, in the middle of tie chains by activating the caret and moving it to the required rhythmic position within the tie chain.
Dorico concepts Design philosophy and higher-level concepts Beam groups on page 447 Time signatures on page 855 Inputting notes in Insert mode on page 160 Notes on page 591 Caret on page 140 Rhythmic grid on page 139 Layouts in Dorico Layouts combine musical content, as represented by flows and players, with rules for page formatting and music engraving, and allow you to produce paginated music notation that can be printed or exported in various formats.
Dorico concepts Design philosophy and higher-level concepts avoid master page overrides. The big title at the top of the first page is the project title, and the running header on subsequent pages uses the flow title for the top flow on that page.
User interface The user interface of Dorico for iPad is designed to keep all of the important tools at your fingertips. This chapter introduces you to key aspects of the user interface. Project window Dorico for iPad’s main project window allows you to access all the options and tools you need to work on a project. The project window comprises the following areas: 1 Toolbar Allows you to access the modes, other layouts, the main transport options, print and export options, and options dialogs.
User interface Project window players. Once you have added a player or an ensemble, this area becomes the music area that shows the music notation of the currently selected layout. In Play mode, this area contains an event display that shows the effects of manipulating the playback of your music. 4 Toolboxes Toolboxes provide access to items and tools that you can use to input and edit your music. Different toolboxes contain different items and tools according to the mode.
User interface Project window 7 Redo Allows you to restore previous actions that were undone using Undo. 8 Share Allows you to print and export the current project in a variety of formats. 9 Application Menu Allows you to access Read view, options dialogs, documentation, and to sign in and subscribe.
User interface Project window Fixed Tempo Mode when fixed tempo mode is active Fixed Tempo Mode when follow tempo is active Rewind to Beginning of Flow Moves the playhead back to the beginning of the flow. Play Starts/Stops playback from the previous playhead position. Play when playback is stopped Play during playback Record Starts/Stops MIDI recording. Click Plays/Mutes the metronome click during playback and recording.
User interface Project window Project start area RELATED LINKS Adding players on page 68 Music area In Setup, Write, and Engrave modes, the music area shows the music notation of the currently selected layout. It is the central part of the project window where you work on your project. 26 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
User interface Project window Music area showing a new choir piece in page view The music area displays layouts in either galley view or page view. In Engrave mode, layouts always appear in page view. You can use the layout selector in the toolbar to show other layouts in the music area. When zones are open on the right, left, and lower edges of the window, the size of the music area can be reduced. You can hide/show zones when necessary.
User interface Project window NOTE Note spacing is unjustified in galley view and there is no automatic vertical collision avoidance, so notes and items might overlap. You can change the default gaps between staves in galley view for each layout independently. Page View Displays your layout paginated exactly as it appears when you print or export it. This view type is useful for determining appropriate page turns, for example. NOTE ● The view type is reset to your default setting when you switch layouts.
User interface Project window 1 Left zone. In Write mode, this contains the Notes panel. 2 Right zone. In Write mode, this can display different panels, according to the current selection in the Notations toolbox. 3 Lower zone. In Write mode, this can display different panels, including the Properties panel and Mixer. The zones contain different panels in each mode in Dorico for iPad.
User interface Workspace setup Notes toolbox on page 113 Notations toolbox on page 121 Disclosure arrows Disclosure arrows indicate that objects, areas, and menus can be expanded/collapsed, either vertically or horizontally. In Dorico for iPad, disclosure arrows are commonly used to expand/collapse sections in panels and cards, such as player cards in the Players panel in Setup mode.
User interface Workspace setup ● In the toolbar, click the layout selector and select a layout. RESULT The selected layout is opened in the music area. It replaces the layout previously open in the tab. RELATED LINKS Layouts on page 99 Implicit vs. explicit rests on page 763 Hiding/Showing zones You can hide/show individual zones or all zones simultaneously, for example, to increase the space available for displaying music in the music area or to access options in a specific panel.
User interface Workspace setup Switching to galley/page view In Write mode, you can switch between different view types in the music area. For example, if a flute player in your project is doubling piccolo, you can switch to galley view to see the piccolo staff in addition to the flute staff. PROCEDURE to open the View Options dialog. 1. In the secondary toolbar, click View Options 2. Choose one of the following options for View type: 3. ● Page View ● Galley View Click Close.
User interface Workspace setup PROCEDURE 1. Open Preferences in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-, . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Preferences. 2. Click General in the category list. 3. In the Page Colors subsection of the View section, change the page color for Full score layouts, Part layouts, and/or Custom score layouts in any of the following ways: 4. ● Click the corresponding color preview and select a color in the dialog that opens.
User interface Preferences dialog ● If you chose Single Color, either click the Stop 1 color preview and select a color in the dialog that opens, or enter a color code into the value field. RESULT The background color is changed in the current project and all future projects you open. TIP ● The background color set for Write mode is also used in Setup mode. ● You can reset background colors back to the default factory settings by clicking Reset.
User interface Preferences dialog The Preferences dialog contains the following: 1 Search categories field Allows you to filter categories and section titles according to your entry. TIP You can set the focus to the Search categories field by pressing Cmd-L . You can set the focus away by pressing Tab . 2 Category list Contains the categories of options that you can view and change in the dialog.
User interface Key Commands page in the Preferences dialog ● Search pages field: Allows you to enter the term you want to search for. You can set the focus to the Search pages field by pressing Cmd-F . ● Previous match: Allows you to navigate to the previous match on the page. You can also navigate to the previous match by pressing Cmd-Shift-G . ● Next match: Allows you to navigate to the next match on the page. You can also navigate to the next match by pressing Cmd-G .
User interface Key Commands page in the Preferences dialog 3 Key Commands section Allows you to see any existing key commands set for the selected menu item or function in the list of assigned key commands and to set new ones. If you enter a key command that has already been assigned to another menu item or function, a warning tells you that you cannot use that key command.
User interface Key Commands page in the Preferences dialog Assigning key commands You can assign key commands to many menu items and functions, for example, if you use a menu item frequently and want to be able to access it quickly but it does not have a key command assigned by default. You can also change existing key commands. PROCEDURE 1. Open Preferences in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-, . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Preferences. 2.
User interface Key Commands page in the Preferences dialog Changing the keyboard layout You can change the keyboard layout in Dorico for iPad to that of another language. This allows you to use the predefined key commands for the selected language. PROCEDURE 1. Open Preferences in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-, . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Preferences. 2. Click Key Commands in the category list. 3.
User interface Key Commands page in the Preferences dialog 4. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT All custom key commands are deleted and the default key commands are reinstated. 40 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Project and file handling In Dorico for iPad, you can start new, open existing, print, and share projects. RELATED LINKS Starting new projects on page 43 Opening projects/files on page 44 Printing layouts on page 46 Exporting projects on page 48 Hub The Hub allows you to access recent projects, start new projects, and keep up-to-date with learning materials including tutorials, videos, and blog updates. The Hub opens automatically when you start Dorico for iPad.
Project and file handling Hub ● Delete: Deletes the selected project from your iPad. Create New Allows you to start new projects from project templates or choose an empty project. The Choose a template list on the left allows you to select a project template category, with available templates in the selected category listed in the middle. The Empty template creates a project with no players or flows.
Project and file handling Starting new projects At the bottom of the Hub, Open or import file allows you to search for and open MusicXML, MIDI, and Dorico project files. RELATED LINKS Toolbar on page 23 Opening recent projects from the Hub on page 45 Project template categories on page 44 Staff size on page 386 Starting new projects Dorico for iPad provides multiple project templates that you can use to start new projects, including multiple types of orchestras and vocal ensembles.
Project and file handling Opening projects/files Hub on page 41 Brackets according to ensemble type on page 468 Adding players on page 68 Adding instruments to players on page 79 Deleting players on page 71 Deleting instruments on page 83 Project template categories Dorico for iPad provides a number of different project template categories.
Project and file handling Opening projects/files If MusicXML files include page size, margin, and staff size settings, Dorico for iPad imports those values. If they are not included, Dorico for iPad creates suitable settings according to the number of instruments in the file. NOTE In Dorico for iPad, the maximum number of players you can have in a single project depends on whether you are signed in/subscribed.
Project and file handling Printing layouts Because of these different approaches, mapping information between the MusicXML representation and the Dorico for iPad representation can be challenging, so Dorico for iPad employs heuristics to improve the quality of results. Typically, drum set instruments in MusicXML files exported from both Sibelius and Finale are imported quite cleanly into Dorico for iPad.
Project and file handling File export Exporting to PDF on page 48 Exporting projects on page 48 Exporting audio You can export the audio of the layout currently open in the music area in either WAV and M4A audio file formats. PROCEDURE 1. 2. In the toolbar, click Share share sheet: ● WAV Audio ● M4A Audio and choose one of the following audio file formats to open the Export to the selected audio file format in any of the following ways: ● Choose an application, such as AirDrop.
Project and file handling File export Exporting MusicXML files You can export projects as MusicXML files, for example, to share projects with others who use a different notation software. PROCEDURE 1. In the toolbar, click Share and choose MusicXML to open the share sheet. 2. Export to MusicXML in any of the following ways: ● Choose an application, such as AirDrop. ● Click Save to Files, select a location, then click Save.
Project and file handling Read-only mode RESULT The project is exported to the selected application or location. Dorico projects are saved as .dorico files. RELATED LINKS Opening projects/files on page 44 Read-only mode Projects that contain more than your maximum number of players open in read-only mode. In read-only mode, you can view, play back, and print projects, but you cannot edit or save them.
Setup mode Setup mode allows you to set up the fundamental elements of the project: instruments and the players that hold them, flows, and layouts. You can also determine how they interact with each other, for example, by changing the players assigned to layouts. You can view music in the music area and switch between viewing other layouts, but you cannot select or interact with anything in the music area in Setup mode.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode 2 Layouts Lists the layouts in your project. A single full score layout and a part layout for each player are created automatically, but you can create and delete layouts as required. By default, layouts contain all flows and full score layouts contain all players. 3 Flows Shows the flows in your project, ordered left to right. By default, flows contain all players and are assigned to all layouts.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode In the Players panel, each player is shown as a card that contains the instruments held by that player. Each player card shows the following: 1 Disclosure arrow Expands/Collapses the player card. 2 Player type Shows the type of player from the following options: 3 ● Single player ● Section player Player name Shows the name of the player. By default, player names contain the names of all instruments held by the player. You can also rename players manually.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode Sort Players Allows you to change the player sorting setting. You can click and hold Sort Players to change the setting to one of the following options: ● None: New players are added at the bottom of the players list, regardless of their instrument. ● Orchestral: New players are sorted according to the accepted orchestral order convention. For example, woodwinds positioned above brass and strings.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode Instrument picker when adding an instrument The instrument picker contains the following sections and options: 1 Search field Allows you to enter the instrument you are searching for directly. You can enter only part of the instrument name, such as cello for Violoncello. 2 Instrument family column Contains instrument families to help you focus your search. 3 Instrument column Contains the instruments available in the selected instrument family.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode An enclosure line shows which instrument family or instrument is selected when using the keyboard to navigate.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode 2 Player list Contains the instruments currently in the ensemble based on your entries in the Search field. By default, instruments are held by single players. You can change the player type by doubleclicking players in the list. Icons show the current player type from the following options: 3 ● Single player ● Section player Save Opens the Save Custom Ensemble dialog, which allows you to name and save your ensemble for reuse in future projects.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode 4 Ensemble contents column Displays the instruments included in the selected ensemble. 5 Add Adds the players in the selected ensemble to the project. RELATED LINKS Ensembles on page 72 Adding ensembles on page 72 Players on page 67 Adding players on page 68 Save Custom Ensemble dialog The Save Custom Ensemble dialog allows you to name and save custom ensembles for reuse in future projects.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode Layouts panel (Setup mode) The Layouts panel contains all the layouts in the project, shown in a list. In Setup mode, it is located on the right of the window. In the Layouts panel, each layout is shown as a card. Each layout card shows the following: 1 Disclosure arrow Expands/Collapses the layout card.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode 4 Page size and orientation Shows the size and orientation of the layout as set on the Page Setup page in Layout Options. 5 Space size Shows the space size between two staff lines in points, as set on the Page Setup page in Layout Options. This indicates the size of staves in the layout. 6 Layout number Displays the unique number for the layout that is used in its file name when exported to PDF.
Setup mode Project window in Setup mode Allows you to access settings and controls for the selected layout, for example, to rename the layout. Delete Layout Deletes selected layouts from the project. RELATED LINKS Project window in Setup mode on page 50 Layouts on page 99 Layout Options dialog on page 63 Exporting to PDF on page 48 Assigning players to layouts on page 100 Assigning flows to layouts on page 101 Flows panel The Flows panel contains all the flows in the project, shown in a horizontal list.
Setup mode Project Info dialog Reorder Flows Allows you to reorder flows. When deactivated, you can scroll along flows in the Flows panel. Add Flow Adds a new flow to your project. By default, every new flow is included in all layouts, and every player is added to the new flow. Notation Options Opens the Notation Options dialog that provides multiple options that allow you to make changes that affect the way music is notated for each flow. Delete Flow Deletes the selected flows from the project.
Setup mode Project Info dialog The Project Info dialog comprises the following: 1 Flows list Contains all the flows in the project, with a separate entry for the project as a whole at the top. You can select individual or multiple flows in the flows list. NOTE The flows list uses the names of flows as shown in the Flows panel in Setup mode, which can be different to their entry in the Title field if you have changed their flow title.
Setup mode Layout Options dialog 2 ● Move Down : Moves the selected flows down the flows list, which changes their order in the project. ● Move Up project. ● Delete Flow : Moves the selected flows up the flows list, which changes their order in the : Deletes the selected flows. Information fields Allow you to enter information about the currently selected flows or the whole project in the corresponding field, such as Composer and Lyricist.
Setup mode Layout Options dialog ● In Setup mode, click Layout Options in the Layouts panel. The Layout Options dialog contains the following: 1 Search categories field Allows you to filter categories and section titles according to your entry. TIP You can set the focus to the Search categories field by pressing Cmd-L . You can set the focus away by pressing Tab . 2 Category list Contains the categories of options that you can view and change in the dialog.
Setup mode Layout Options dialog 6 ● Previous match: Allows you to navigate to the previous match on the page. You can also navigate to the previous match by pressing Cmd-Shift-G . ● Next match: Allows you to navigate to the next match on the page. You can also navigate to the next match by pressing Cmd-G . ● Close: Closes the bar and removes all match highlights. You can also close the bar by pressing Esc . Layouts list Contains all the layouts in your project.
Setup mode Players, layouts, and flows Players, layouts, and flows In Dorico for iPad, players, layouts, and flows are all connected to each other. Because they exist in the project rather than in a single score, you can, for example, have players and flows saved in the project without showing them in the full score. ● Players can be assigned to any combination of layouts and flows.
Setup mode Players The Dorico project contains three flows (one for each movement), four single players for the string quartet, four section players for the choir, and another single player for a piano reduction. It uses the following layouts to produce the required performance materials: ● Four instrumental part layouts, one for each string quartet player. Each part layout contains all three flows but because the string players are not assigned to the third flow, automatic tacets are shown for it.
Setup mode Players NOTE In Dorico for iPad, the maximum number of players you can have in a single project depends on whether you are signed in/subscribed. If you open a project that contains more than your maximum number of players, it opens in read-only mode.
Setup mode Players RESULT The single/section player is added and is automatically named after the selected instrument. By default, the player appears below any existing players in the Players panel. It is assigned to its own new part layout, all full score layouts, and all flows that originated in the project. Dorico for iPad automatically loads sounds for the instrument according to the current playback template. NOTE ● Players are not automatically added to flows that you imported into the project.
Setup mode Players The original and new players are automatically numbered to ensure their names are unique. However, any existing music belonging to the original player is not duplicated. The new player is assigned to its own new part layout, all full score layouts, and all flows that originated in the project.
Setup mode Players NOTE You can only set custom player orders in one layout at a time. By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. 3. Click Players in the category list. 4. In the Players section, activate Uses custom player order. 5. In the list, select a player whose position you want to change. 6. Change its position relative to other players in one of the following ways: ● Click Move up. ● Click Move down. 7.
Setup mode Ensembles RELATED LINKS Players panel on page 51 Deleting instruments on page 83 Deleting layouts on page 103 Ensembles Ensembles are sets of multiple players that are commonly used together, such as a double woodwind section that contains two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, and two bassoons. Dorico for iPad provides predefined ensembles but you can also build custom ensembles. Ensembles can contain single and/or section players, depending on the ensemble.
Setup mode Ensembles RESULT The players in the selected ensemble are added to the Players panel, as either single or section players depending on the ensemble type. They are assigned to all flows that originated in the project. TIP ● You can use project templates to start projects with multiple players. ● You can assign a key command for Add Ensemble on the Key Commands page in Preferences.
Setup mode Instruments RESULT Your ensemble is saved, allowing you to add it to future projects. If you clicked Add in the ensemble picker, the players in the ensemble are added to the project. RELATED LINKS Ensemble picker on page 55 Save Custom Ensemble dialog on page 57 Players on page 67 Adding players on page 68 Instruments In Dorico for iPad, an instrument is an individual musical instrument, such as a piano, a flute, or a violin.
Setup mode Instruments Edit Percussion Kit dialog on page 83 Instrument numbering It is customary to number instruments when there is more than one in a piece so that they can be easily identified, such as Horn 1 and Horn 2. Dorico for iPad automatically numbers instruments where there are multiple instruments of the same type in the same project.
Setup mode Instruments Instrument names in staff labels on page 798 Transposing instruments on page 78 Instrument changes Instruments changes are when a player holding multiple instruments switches from playing one instrument to a different instrument. They are usually indicated in full scores and parts with text indications both after the last note before the change and at the first note after the change.
Setup mode Instruments 2. In the Layouts list, select the layouts in which you want to allow/disallow instrument changes. By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Players in the category list. 4. In the Instrument Changes section, activate/deactivate Allow instrument changes. 5. Click Apply, then Close.
Setup mode Instruments ● To ● Take ● Custom 6. Optional: If you chose Custom, enter the text you want in the Custom prefix and/or Custom suffix fields. 7. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT The length of instrument names and prefixes/suffixes in all instrument change labels in the selected layouts is changed.
Setup mode Instruments ● The number of strings the instrument has ● The open pitch of each string ● The number of frets ● The fret number at which each string starts, such as for the fifth string on a banjo ● The pitch intervals between frets When you assign a fretted instrument to a player or change an existing instrument, any available tunings for that instrument are shown in the instrument picker. You can also customize all aspects of fretted instruments in the Edit Strings and Tuning dialog.
Setup mode Instruments NOTE ● Before you have input any notes, only the first instrument held by single players is shown in full scores in page view. All instrument staves are shown in galley view, so we recommend switching to galley view to input notes for any other instruments held by single players, for example, to create instrument changes. ● If you want to add multiple players to your project at the same time, you can add ensembles or use a project template.
Setup mode Instruments Combining individual percussion instruments into kits If a player is holding one or more individual percussion instruments, you can combine them into a percussion kit. PROCEDURE 1. In the Players panel, select the player whose percussion instruments you want to combine into a kit. 2. In the action bar, click Player Settings open the Edit Percussion Kit dialog. 3. Edit the new percussion kit.
Setup mode Instruments NOTE Where appropriate, new clefs are input. This means that notes can appear differently so that they are notated correctly according to the new clef. AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can change the player order, for example, if the new instrument requires a different position according to orchestral convention.
Setup mode Instruments Deleting instruments You can delete individual instruments without deleting the player holding them or other instruments held by the same player. IMPORTANT Deleting instruments permanently deletes any music that you have input on their staves. PROCEDURE 1. In the Players panel, expand the card of the player holding the instrument you want to delete. 2. In the instrument label, click the instrument menu 3. Click OK. and choose Delete Instrument.
Setup mode Instruments 1 Name Allows you to enter or change the full name for the percussion kit. This is used in Full staff labels for percussion kits that use the five-line staff presentation type. 2 Short name Allows you to enter or change the abbreviated name for the percussion kit. This is used in Abbreviated staff labels for percussion kits that use the five-line staff presentation type. 3 Drum set Percussion kits are defined as drum sets when the checkbox is activated.
Setup mode Instruments 6 Controls Allows you to change the order and stem direction of instruments in the selected percussion kit presentation type. It also allows you to add slash voices to the kit. You can access dialogs to change the noteheads used for each instrument in the kit by clicking Edit Noteheads. You can also change how combinations of noteheads, articulations, and tremolos affect playback by clicking Edit Percussion Playing Techniques.
Setup mode Instruments 4. Select the percussion instrument you want in the instrument picker. 5. Press Return to add the selected instrument. 6. Click Close. RESULT The selected instrument is added to the percussion kit. RELATED LINKS Players panel on page 51 Percussion kit presentation types on page 888 Changing instruments in percussion kits You can change existing instruments in percussion kits while retaining any existing music for that instrument. PROCEDURE 1.
Setup mode Instruments RESULT The selected percussion kit is defined as a drum set. The arrangement of voices for instruments in the kit when using the five-line staff presentation type follows the default settings for drum sets. NOTE If you no longer want a percussion kit to be defined as a drum set, you can deactivate Drum set in the Edit Percussion Kit dialog for that kit.
Setup mode Instruments EXAMPLE Ungrouped grid presentation percussion kit Grid presentation percussion kit with wood blocks grouped RELATED LINKS Staff labels for percussion kits on page 804 Deleting groups within grid presentation percussion kits You can delete groups in percussion kits using grid presentation without deleting the instruments within the group. PROCEDURE 1. In the Players panel, expand the card of the player holding the kit from whose grid presentation you want to delete groups. 2.
Setup mode Instruments 4. Click the percussion instruments and/or slash voices whose position you want to change. NOTE When using the mouse, you can only move one instrument or slash voice at a time. 5. Change the position of the selected instruments/slash voices in any of the following ways: ● Click Move up arrow to move them upwards. ● Click Move down arrow to move them downwards. ● Click and drag a single instrument upwards/downwards (five-line staff presentation only). 6.
Setup mode Instruments 2. In the kit instrument label, click the instrument label open the Edit Percussion Kit dialog. 3. Click the instruments you want to remove from the kit. 4. Click Remove Instrument From Kit 5. Click Close. and choose Edit Percussion Kit to in the action bar. RESULT The selected instruments appears as individual instruments belonging to the same player but separate from the percussion kit. You can then move the instruments to other players if required.
Setup mode Instruments Allow you to edit individual or multiple strings. The following controls are available when at least one string is selected in the string editor: 4 ● Open pitch: Allows you to set the open pitch of the string using the note name and octave, such as C4 for middle C. If necessary, you can add # for sharp and b for flat. ● No. of frets: Allows you to set the number of frets for the selected strings.
Setup mode Instruments Changing the open pitches of fretted instrument strings You can change the open pitch of each fretted instrument string independently, for example, if your project requires an unconventional tuning that is not available as an instrument type in the instrument picker. PROCEDURE 1. In the Players panel, expand the card of the player holding the fretted instrument whose open pitches you want to change. 2.
Setup mode Player groups Exporting fretted instrument tunings You can export fretted instrument tunings so you can reuse them for other instruments and in other projects. Fretted instrument tunings are exported as .doricotuning library files. PROCEDURE 1. In the Players panel, expand the card of the player holding the fretted instrument whose tuning you want to export. 2. In the instrument label, click the instrument menu open the Edit Strings and Tuning dialog. 3.
Setup mode Player groups Adding player groups You can organize players into groups, for example, if you want to bracket them together. Players in different groups are also numbered separately. PROCEDURE 1. Optional: If you want to add a group that includes existing players, select those players in the Players panel. 2. In the Players panel, click Add Group . RESULT A new player group is added to the Players panel. If you selected players, those players are added to the group.
Setup mode Player groups TIP You can also move existing players to, from, or between groups. RELATED LINKS Access to more features in Dorico for iPad on page 10 Players panel on page 51 Instrument picker on page 53 Adding players on page 68 Moving players between groups on page 95 Renaming player groups You can change the name of player groups after you have added them. PROCEDURE 1. In the Players panel, double-click the name of the group. 2. Enter a new name for the group or edit the existing name.
Setup mode Flows TIP You can also add new players to player groups. RELATED LINKS Adding players to groups on page 94 Removing players from groups You can remove players from groups. PROCEDURE ● In the Players panel, remove players from groups in any of the following ways: ● Select multiple players, then click and drag them out of the group. ● Select one player, then click Player Settings Player from Group.
Setup mode Flows Opening projects/files on page 44 Flow headings on page 367 Adding flows You can add any number of new flows to your project, for example, when engraving a large work that comprises multiple movements. PROCEDURE ● Add a flow in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-F . ● In the Flows panel, click Add Flow . RESULT A new flow is added to your project.
Setup mode Flows RESULT Players are assigned to the selected flow when the checkbox in their player card is activated, and removed from the flow when the checkbox is deactivated. RELATED LINKS Flows panel on page 60 Tacets on page 398 Assigning flows to layouts on page 101 Assigning players to layouts on page 100 Reordering flows You can change the order of flows, for example, if you want an imported flow to be the first flow rather than the last. PROCEDURE 1.
Setup mode Layouts Layouts Layouts combine musical content, as represented by flows and players, with rules for page formatting and music engraving, and allow you to produce paginated music notation that can be printed or exported in various formats. For example, part layouts only include the music for that player whereas full score layouts contain all staves in the project.
Setup mode Layouts Creating layouts You can create any number of full score, custom score, and part layouts in each project. By default, Dorico for iPad creates a single full score layout and a part layout for each player. PROCEDURE ● In the Layouts panel, click one of the following layout types: ● Add Full Score Layout ● Add Instrumental Part Layout ● Add Custom Score Layout RESULT The layout is added to the list of layouts in the Layouts panel.
Setup mode Layouts RESULT Players are assigned to the selected layout when the checkbox in their player card is activated, and removed from the layout when the checkbox is deactivated. If you have not changed the name of the layout, it is automatically updated to reflect the players included in the layout.
Setup mode Layouts 2. In the Layouts list, select the layouts you want to make transposing/non-transposing. By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Players in the category list. 4. In the Players section, activate/deactivate Transposing layout. 5. Click Apply, then Close.
Setup mode Layouts Reordering layouts You can change the order in which layouts appear in the Layouts panel and the layout selector, for example, if you added a custom score layout and want it to be positioned at the top next to the full score layout. PROCEDURE 1. In the Layouts panel, select the layouts whose order you want to change. 2. Click and drag the selected layouts upwards/downwards. RESULT The selected layouts are moved to the specified position. This does not affect their layout numbers.
Setup mode Player, layout, and instrument names RESULT The selected layouts are deleted without removing any music from the project. AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can later restore all the part layouts that Dorico for iPad provides by default. RELATED LINKS Layouts panel (Setup mode) on page 58 Players, layouts, and flows on page 66 Player, layout, and instrument names In Dorico for iPad, you can use three different names to refer to the same player in different contexts.
Setup mode Player, layout, and instrument names Players on page 67 Layouts on page 99 Assigning players to layouts on page 100 Changing instrument names on page 106 Renaming players You can change the player names of players, and reset renamed players to their default name. Player names do not appear in any layouts by default, but are used to generate layout names and appear in guide instrument labels in galley view for players holding multiple instruments. PROCEDURE 1.
Setup mode Player, layout, and instrument names TIP If you want to include an accidental in the instrument transposition, you can enter the appropriate text token, such as {@flat@} for ♭. 4. Press Return . RESULT The selected layout is renamed, or reverted to its default name. NOTE This does not affect staff labels. You can change the instrument names used in staff labels in the Edit Instrument Names dialog.
Setup mode Player, layout, and instrument names RELATED LINKS Players panel on page 51 Instruments on page 74 Instrument changes on page 76 Editing the default instrument change label text on page 77 Edit Instrument Names dialog The Edit Instrument Names dialog allows you to change the content and formatting of each instrument’s names, which are used in staff labels and instrument change labels shown above the staff.
Setup mode Player, layout, and instrument names Contains options that allow you to edit the appearance of the full instrument name. 4 Full name text editor options Allows you to customize the font, size, and formatting of the long staff label of the selected instrument. NOTE The horizontal alignment of staff labels always uses the alignment of the paragraph style, not the alignment set in the Edit Instrument Names dialog.
Setup mode Player, layout, and instrument names ● Always: Instrument transpositions are shown even if you have chosen to hide them on the Staves and Systems page in Layout Options. ● Follow Layout Options: Instrument transpositions can be hidden and shown, depending on your per-layout settings in Layout Options. ● Never: Instrument transpositions are never shown, even if you have chosen to show them in Layout Options.
Setup mode Flow names and flow titles RELATED LINKS Players panel on page 51 Key Commands page in the Preferences dialog on page 36 Renaming layouts on page 105 Flow names and flow titles Whenever you add a flow to a project, the default name of a flow is Flow plus an incremental number.
Setup mode Flow names and flow titles TIP You can also rename flows in the Project Info dialog. RELATED LINKS Flows panel on page 60 Changing flow titles You can change flow titles in the Project Info dialog. Once you have done so, flow titles are no longer automatically changed if you change their flow name. PROCEDURE 1. Open the Project Info dialog in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-I . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Project Info. 2.
Write mode Write mode allows you to input and edit your music, including changing the rhythmic positions of items, changing the pitch of notes, and deleting notes and items. The available toolboxes and panels allow you to input all the notes and notation items that are most commonly used. By design, you cannot move notes and items graphically in Write mode. Graphical adjustments are only possible in Engrave mode in Dorico Pro.
Write mode Project window in Write mode The Notes panel in the left zone provides the note durations, accidentals, and articulations that are most commonly used during note input. 2 Edit Notes Overlay Contains options for changing the pitch, rhythmic position, and duration of selected notes, both during note input and for existing notes. 3 Secondary toolbar Contains navigation and edit options, such as Copy, Paste, and Delete. Allows you to access the context menu and View Options dialog.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Pitch Before Duration When this option is activated, you can select the pitch before specifying the duration during note input. This allows you to experiment with pitches without having to stop note input because you only input the note when you specify the duration. You can also activate/deactivate Pitch Before Duration by pressing K . Chords Allows you to add multiple notes at the same rhythmic position in order to build a chord during note input.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Create Voice Allows you to create a new voice on the current staff into which you can input notes. Only available during note input. You can click and hold Create Voice to access the following options: ● Create Voice : Creates a new voice on the current staff. You can also use the key command Shift-V . ● Create Slash Voice : Creates a new slash voice with each click. For example, the third new slash voice is stemless. You can also use the key command Shift-Opt-V .
Write mode Project window in Write mode ● 3:2 : Inputs a triplet, that is, three notes in the space of two. ● 4:3 : Inputs a quadruplet, that is, four notes in the space of three. ● 5:4 : Inputs a quintuplet, that is, five notes in the space of four. ● 6:4 : Inputs a sextuplet, that is, six notes in the space of four. ● 7:8 : Inputs a septuplet, that is, seven notes in the space of eight. ● x:y : Opens the tuplets popover, into which you can enter any tuplet ratio.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Notes panel The Notes panel contains buttons that allow you to select note and rest durations, and to input accidentals, slurs, and articulations. It is located on the left of the window in Write mode. You can hide/show the Notes panel in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-7 . ● In the toolbox on the left, click Show Left Zone .
Write mode Project window in Write mode Secondary toolbar (Write mode) The secondary toolbar contains options that allow you to perform common operations when inputting and editing music, such as moving the caret, copying and pasting notes/items, and accessing the context menu. It is located at the top of the project window, below the toolbar.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Extend Selection Allows you to select everything between your first selection and subsequent selections. Equivalent to Shift -clicking notes/items. Cut Copies the selected notes/items to your clipboard and deletes them from their original positions. Copy Copies the selected notes/items to your clipboard. Paste Pastes the notes/items on your clipboard to the selected position. Repeat Repeats the selected notes/items directly after themselves.
Write mode Project window in Write mode View Options dialog The View Options dialog allows you to change the presentation of the current layout in the music area and the visual elements shown, including signposts and note and rest colors. ● You can open the View Options dialog in Write mode by clicking View Options secondary toolbar.
Write mode Project window in Write mode RELATED LINKS View types on page 27 Concert vs. transposed pitch on page 102 System track on page 316 Signposts on page 332 Hiding/Showing guide bar numbers on page 438 Comments on page 343 Notations toolbox The Notations toolbox allows you to access panels and popovers, which you can use to input the different notations available. It is located on the right of the window in Write mode. Panels Allows you to access panels from the Notations toolbox.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Hides/Shows the Tempo panel, which contains sections for the different types of tempo changes, including gradual tempo changes, metronome marks, and tempo equations. Dynamics Hides/Shows the Dynamics panel, which contains sections for the different types of dynamics, including immediate, gradual, and custom combined dynamics. Ornaments Hides/Shows the Ornaments panel, which contains sections for ornaments, arpeggio signs, glissando lines, and guitar techniques.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Key Signatures, Tonality Systems, and Accidentals Opens/Closes the key signatures popover. Time Signatures (Meter) Opens/Closes the time signatures popover. Tempo Opens/Closes the tempo popover. Dynamics Opens/Closes the dynamics popover. Ornaments Opens/Closes the ornaments popover. Repeat Structures Opens/Closes the repeats popover. Bars and Barlines Opens/Closes the bars and barlines popover. Holds and Pauses Opens/Closes the holds and pauses popover.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Chord Symbols Opens the chord symbols popover. Note Tools Opens the note tools popover. Fingering Opens the fingerings popover. Figured Bass Opens the figured bass popover.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Lower zone (Write mode) The lower zone in Write mode can display different panels for inputting notes and editing notes/ items. You can use the panel selectors in the top left of the lower zone to display the corresponding panel: Properties Shows the Properties panel, which allows you to edit individual notes and notations, such as by changing their appearance or position.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Properties panel (Write mode) The Properties panel in Write mode provides options that allow you to edit individual notes and notations, such as by changing their appearance or position. It is located in the lower zone at the bottom of the window in Write mode. You can hide/show the Properties panel in Write mode and Engrave mode in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-8 . ● In the toolbox on the left, click Show Lower Zone zone.
Write mode Project window in Write mode ● All: Shows all properties. Set local properties Allows you to change the scope of subsequent local properties you change. ● Locally: Local properties only take effect locally. ● Globally: Local properties take effect globally.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Changing the property scope You can change the property scope of local properties, for example, if you want the subsequent properties you change to affect all layouts and frame chains. PROCEDURE ● In the Properties panel, choose one of the following options for Set local properties: ● Locally ● Globally RESULT The property scope is changed.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Delete Left Deletes the selected notes/items. During note input, deletes notes at the previous rhythmic position and moves the caret back to that position. You can also delete notes/items by pressing Backspace . Set Note Duration Allows you to select a note duration, both for the next notes you input during note input and to change the duration of existing notes outside of note input.
Write mode Project window in Write mode RELATED LINKS Caret on page 140 Notes panel on page 117 Inputting notes on page 145 Inputting chords on page 174 Deleting notes/items on page 333 Selecting note/rest durations on page 152 Inputting slurs on page 195 Inputting articulations on page 194 Respelling notes on page 183 Fretboard panel The Fretboard panel allows you to input notes for fretted instruments using the corresponding fretboard layout for the selected instrument type.
Write mode Project window in Write mode You can also delete notes/items by pressing Backspace . Set Note Duration Allows you to select a note duration, both for the next notes you input during note input and to change the duration of existing notes outside of note input. You can also select note durations by pressing the corresponding key command or by clicking note durations in the Notes panel in the left zone.
Write mode Project window in Write mode You can also advance the caret by pressing Space . Delete Left Deletes the selected notes/items. During note input, deletes notes at the previous rhythmic position and moves the caret back to that position. You can also delete notes/items by pressing Backspace . Set Note Duration Allows you to select a note duration, both for the next notes you input during note input and to change the duration of existing notes outside of note input.
Write mode Project window in Write mode The Mixer panel toolbar contains the following options: Deactivate All Mute States Allows you to deactivate all mute instrument states. Indicates whether any instruments have an active mute state. Deactivate All Solo States Allows you to deactivate all solo instrument states. Indicates whether any instruments have an active solo state. Resize Lower Zone Allows you to change the height of the lower zone.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Indicates the output volume of the channel in real time. 5 Mute/Solo Allows you to mute/solo the track. Indicates whether the corresponding track has an active solo or mute state. 6 Channel name Displays the name of the channel. Key Editor panel The Key Editor panel allows you to view and edit notes belonging to the selected instrument in a continuous piano roll. It is located in the lower zone at the bottom of the window in Write mode.
Write mode Project window in Write mode Line Allows you to draw straight lines across velocity bars to edit the values of all velocity bars in the range. Only available when the velocity lane is expanded. Transform Allows you to marquee select and edit a range of velocity bars. Only available when the velocity lane is expanded. Erase Deletes the selected notes. Played Durations Allows you to change when notes start/end in playback without affecting their notated durations.
Write mode Notation Options dialog RELATED LINKS Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Selecting multiple items using marquee selections on page 315 Inputting notes into multiple voices on page 157 Changing the voice of existing notes on page 341 Notation Options dialog The Notation Options dialog allows you to change how music is notated by default in each flow independently. For example, there are options for beam, note, and rest grouping, voices, accidentals, and condensing.
Write mode Notation Options dialog TIP You can set the focus to the Search categories field by pressing Cmd-L . You can set the focus away by pressing Tab . 2 Category list Contains the categories of options that you can view and change in the dialog. When you click a category in this list, any applicable section titles appear below the category in the list and its options appear as a page in the main body of the dialog. 3 Section titles Shows the titles of any sections on the selected category’s page.
Write mode Inputting vs. editing RELATED LINKS Access to more features in Dorico for iPad on page 10 Flows on page 96 Changing your preferred unit of measurement on page 34 Inputting vs. editing Dorico for iPad distinguishes the processes for inputting and editing music. Inputting If you can see the caret, you are inputting new music. The caret must be activated in order to input notes and notations.
Write mode Rhythmic grid Rhythmic grid The rhythmic grid is a unit of rhythmic duration whose value affects certain aspects of inputting and editing, such as the amount by which items move. However, it does not control the duration of notes and items that you input. Rhythmic grid set to eighth notes (quavers) shown above the staff The current rhythmic grid resolution is indicated by the button in the toolbar and ruler markings above the staff on which the caret is active.
Write mode Note input TIP You can assign your own key commands for increasing and decreasing the rhythmic grid resolution. RELATED LINKS Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Assigning key commands on page 38 Note input In Dorico for iPad, you can only input notes during note input, which is when the caret is activated. This reduces the risk of you adding notes to staves accidentally. You can also input notations at the same time as inputting notes.
Write mode Note input indicates the stem direction and type of the currently selected voice. It is accompanied by a + symbol if the voice is new. The caret The appearance of the caret changes depending on the input mode and the currently selected voice number. Multiple staves The caret extends vertically across all the staves onto which notes and notations will be input.
Write mode Note input Caret when inputting chords Lock to Duration The caret is dashed. Lock to Duration allows you to repitch notes without changing their duration or rhythm. Caret when Lock to Duration is activated Grace Notes The caret is shorter than the default caret. It allows you to input grace notes at the caret position.
Write mode Note input ● The number of the slash voice into which you are about to input notes ● An up-stem slash note or a down-stem slash note symbol indicating the stem direction of the voice, and whether it has stems or is stemless Caret when inputting notes into an up-stem slash voice Caret when inputting notes into a new, second up-stem slash voice Caret when inputting notes into a new, stemless slash voice Percussion kits The caret appears significantly smaller than usual when inputting notes i
Write mode Note input Activating/Deactivating the caret When the caret is activated, you can input notes and notations at the caret position, for example, if you want to input a dynamic in the middle of a tie chain. When the caret is deactivated, you cannot input notes, instead you can select and edit items in the music area. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Activate the caret and start note input in any of the following ways: ● Select an item and press Shift-N .
Write mode Note input Inputting notes You can input notes into your project during note input, which is when the caret is activated. You can input notes with a computer keyboard, using panels in the lower zone, or by playing notes with a MIDI keyboard. NOTE ● These steps describe inputting notes with the default preference of duration before pitch. However, you can also specify the pitch before duration instead.
Write mode Note input 5. Optional: Select any required articulations. 6. Input the pitches you want in any of the following ways: ● Press the corresponding letters on your computer keyboard. TIP Dorico for iPad automatically selects the note whose register is the smallest interval away from the previously input note. However, you can force a different register. 7. ● To input a note above the previously input note, press Shift-Opt as well as the letter for the note, for example, Shift-Opt-A .
Write mode Note input AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can move notes to different rhythmic positions and other staves after they have been input. You can also show brackets on noteheads individually.
Write mode Note input ● To input a note below the previously input note, press Ctrl as well as the letter for the note, for example, Ctrl-A . Register selection when inputting chords During chord input, Dorico for iPad automatically inputs notes above the highest note at the caret position. For example, if you press A then E then A , a chord of A-E-A is input at the caret position.
Write mode Note input NOTE If you select a notation, such as a dynamic, pressing Return opens the corresponding popover instead of starting note input. 2. ● Select a note or rest on the staff where you want to input notes and click Start Note Input in the Notes toolbox. ● Double-click the staff where you want to input notes. Activate Pitch Before Duration in any of the following ways: ● Press K . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Pitch Before Duration . 3.
Write mode Note input ● Press Space . ● In the Keyboard, Fretboard, or Drum Pads panel toolbar, click Advance Caret . TIP You can also move the caret in different ways and by different increments. 9. Stop note input in any of the following ways: ● Press Esc or Return . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . RESULT Notes are input with the selected duration at the caret position or where you click and are played back as you input them by default.
Write mode Note input Register selection during note input on page 147 Accidental selection during MIDI input on page 169 Switching to galley/page view on page 32 Notes panel on page 117 Rhythmic grid on page 139 Caret on page 140 Notations input on page 194 Disabling MIDI input devices on page 193 Changing the note-based notation input setting You can change your default setting for whether rhythm dots, accidentals, and articulations apply to the last input note or the next note you input during note inpu
Write mode Note input Selecting note/rest durations You can select different durations for notes/rests, both during note input and for existing notes/ rests. PROCEDURE 1. Optional: If you want to select a note duration not shown in the Notes panel, click the Show/ Hide All Notes disclosure arrows at the top and bottom of the notes list to show more note durations. 2.
Write mode Note input ● Press the key command of the duration you want. For example, press 4 for a 16th note (semiquaver). ● In the Notes panel, click the duration you want. ● In the Keyboard, Fretboard, or Drum Pads panel toolbar, click the duration you want. ● To lengthen notes by the current rhythmic grid resolution, press Shift-OptRight Arrow . ● To shorten notes by the current rhythmic grid resolution, press Shift-Opt-Left Arrow .
Write mode Note input TIP If you want to force the duration of all notes on a staff to imply a different meter, for example, to show three quarter note groups in 6/8 to indicate a hemiola, you can also input a time signature only on those staves to group notes according to that meter. You can then hide the time signatures if required. PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. 4. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. ● Selecting existing notes whose duration you want to force.
Write mode Note input EXAMPLE Default notation of notes in 6/8 Notes in the down-stem voice input with forced durations RELATED LINKS Implicit vs.
Write mode Note input 4. ● Press . . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Dotted Notes . Optional: Change the number of rhythm dots in any of the following ways: ● Press Opt-. to cycle through different numbers of rhythm dots. ● In the Notes toolbox, click and hold Dotted Notes dots you want. , then click the number of rhythm Dotted Notes in the Notes toolbox updates to indicate the current number of rhythm dots. You can input notes with up to four rhythm dots. 5.
Write mode Note input Changing the note-based notation input setting on page 151 Inputting notes into multiple voices By default, notes are input into the first up-stem voice, as indicated by the symbol of an up-stem quarter note beside the caret. You can input notes directly into other voices during note input, and switch between voices as required. You can also create new voices on staves with existing notes and input notes into those voices anywhere else on those staves. PROCEDURE 1.
Write mode Note input ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . RESULT Notes are input into the voice indicated by the quarter note symbol beside the caret. If you are inputting notes into a new voice on a staff that already contains notes in another voice, the stem directions of existing notes at the same rhythmic position change automatically as necessary. TIP You can show voice colors to check which notes are in which voice.
Write mode Note input PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select an item on the staff and at the rhythmic position where you want to input slash voices. 2. Start note input in any of the following ways: 3. ● Press Shift-N . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . Select the slash voice into which you want to input notes in one of the following ways: ● To create a new slash voice, press Shift-Opt-V . You can also click and hold Create Voice in the Notes toolbox, then choose Create Slash Voice .
Write mode Note input ● If you have three or more voices of any type on a single staff, you must cycle through all the voices in a set order. For example, if you have two up-stem voices, two down-stem voices, and a slash voice, the order is: first up-stem voice, first down-stem voice, second down-stem voice, second up-stem voice, slash voice.
Write mode Note input 4. Input the notes you want. 5. Optional: Press I or click Insert note input. 6. Stop note input in any of the following ways: again to deactivate Insert mode and return to normal ● Press Esc or Return . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . RESULT Notes are inserted before existing notes in the voice indicated by the caret indicator, without overwriting any existing notes in the same voice at rhythmic positions after the caret.
Write mode Note input RELATED LINKS Chord mode on page 176 Caret on page 140 Inputting notes on page 145 Copying and pasting notes/items on page 335 Changing the duration of notes on page 152 Inputting notes with rhythm dots on page 155 Deleting notes/items on page 333 Inputting notes for unpitched percussion You can input notes for individual unpitched percussion instruments and on all percussion instruments in percussion kits using any presentation type, including selecting playing techniques, such as pl
Write mode Note input 3. 4. Optional: When inputting into percussion kits, move the caret up/down to other instruments in the kit in any of the following ways: ● To move it up, press Up Arrow . ● To move it down, press Down Arrow . Select a note duration in any of the following ways: ● Press the number on your computer keyboard that corresponds to the duration you want. For example, press 6 for quarter notes (crotchets).
Write mode Note input TIP You can also move the caret in different ways and by different increments. 8. Stop note input in any of the following ways: ● Press Esc or Return . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . RESULT Notes are input at the caret position or where you click with the selected duration and are played back as you input them by default.
Write mode Note input Use percussion map A percussion map defines which MIDI notes produce which sound for a particular patch in a sound library. For example, in General MIDI percussion, C2 (note 36) produces bass drum, and D2 (note 38) produces snare drum, and so on. If you know a particular mapping well, you may find it helpful to use the mapping directly for input. Use staff position This option uses the staff position defined in the Edit Percussion Kit dialog.
Write mode Note input If you have the staff positions set relative to Treble G clef, then F could mean either the bottom space on the staff or the top line on the staff. In a standard drum set, this means either the kick drum in the bottom space, or the ride cymbal on the top line. When inputting notes in pitched instruments, Dorico for iPad chooses the lower or upper possible staff position based on which is closer to the current position of the caret.
Write mode Note input NOTE If both notation staves and tablature are shown in the current layout, you must select an item on the notation staff and then move the caret to the tablature after starting note input. 2. 3. 4. Start note input in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-N . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . Select a note duration in any of the following ways: ● To select the next longer duration, press = . ● To select the next shorter duration, press - .
Write mode Note input are allocated to the same string. You can then select them individually and change their string allocation.
Write mode Note input During note input, the selected accidental is only input on the next note you input. You must reselect the accidental for each subsequent note. NOTE ● Due to the default accidental duration rule in Dorico for iPad, subsequent accidentals for the same note in the same register do not appear in the same bar. ● If you input notes using a MIDI device, Dorico for iPad automatically shows an accidental if necessary. It selects a sharp, flat, or natural based on key signature and context.
Write mode Note input 3. 4. ● Press Shift-N . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . Start rest input in any of the following ways: ● Press , . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Rests . Activate Force Duration in any of the following ways: ● Press O . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Force Duration 5. Select the rest duration you want. 6. Input rests in any of the following ways: . ● Press Y or any of the letters from A to G .
Write mode Note input PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, start note input. 2. Select the appropriate secondary voice by pressing V until the voice direction indicator shows the correct voice. Alternatively, if you want to input bar rests into a new voice, press Shift-V until the voice direction indicator shows the correct voice. 3. Open the bars and barlines popover in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-B . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Bars and Barlines . 4.
Write mode Note input PREREQUISITE If you want to preserve the durations of existing notes, you have forced their duration. For example, if you want to specify subdivisions within a tie chain that are different than the prevailing meter. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. ● Select the note from which you want the tie to start. If you want to input a tie between two specific notes or between a grace note and a normal note, select those two notes.
Write mode Note input EXAMPLE Spread chord with ties between all adjacent notes Spread chord with ties between non-adjacent notes RELATED LINKS Inputting notes on page 145 Forcing the duration of notes/rests on page 153 Notation Options dialog on page 136 Notes toolbox on page 113 Ties on page 839 Ties vs.
Write mode Note input TIP There is no limit to the number of grace notes that can exist at the same rhythmic position. 7. Press / or click Grace Notes input. again to stop grace note input and return to normal note RESULT The pitches you enter are input as grace notes at the caret position. TIP ● You can also change the type of grace notes after they have been input. ● Slashed and unslashed grace notes are handled differently in playback.
Write mode Note input NOTE If you select a notation, such as a dynamic, pressing Return opens the corresponding popover instead of starting note input. 3. ● Select a note or rest on the staff where you want to input notes and click Start Note Input in the Notes toolbox. ● Double-click the staff where you want to input notes. Start chord input in any of the following ways: ● Press Q . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Chords . In chord input, a + sign appears at the top of the caret.
Write mode Note input TIP You can also move the caret in different ways and by different increments. 7. Press Q or click Chords again to stop chord input. 8. Stop note input in any of the following ways: ● Press Esc or Return . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . RESULT Multiple notes are input at the caret position. ● If entering pitches by clicking with the mouse, you can put the same pitch into the chord twice by clicking again on the same line.
Write mode Note input create chords rather than overwriting existing notes. During chord input, the caret does not advance automatically. Edits outside of chord input that are affected by Chord mode include copying/pasting notes or changing their duration. For example, if you copy four notes and paste them to a staff that already has notes with Chord mode activated, the existing notes are not overwritten but instead combine with the new notes to make chords.
Write mode Note input NOTE If you do not specify the beat unit, the tuplet is based on the note value currently selected in the Notes panel. 5. Press Return to close the popover. The tuplet is entered. 6. Optional: Change the selected note duration. For example, you can input a tuplet based on eighth notes but input a quarter note within that tuplet. 7. Enter or play in the pitches you want. Dorico for iPad automatically continues inputting notes as the specified tuplet. 8. 9.
Write mode Note input Tuplets popover The table contains examples of what you can enter into the tuplets popover to input different types of tuplets. The tuplets popover can only be opened during note input. You can open the tuplets popover during note input in Write mode in any of the following ways: ● Press ; . As tuplets are often described in ratios, such as 3:2, the tuplets popover uses the semicolon key to be memorable. ● In the Notes toolbox, click and hold Tuplets , then choose x:y .
Write mode Note input Type of tuplet Popover entry Quintuplet, five dotted quarter notes in the space of four. 5:4q., 5 4q., or 5:4-6. NOTE When using a number to specify the beat unit, you must separate the tuplet ratio from the beat unit using a space or hyphen. This list is not comprehensive. It is intended to illustrate how you can structure your entry to input different tuplets.
Write mode Note input Adding notes above/below existing notes You can add notes above/below existing notes. You can add multiple notes at the same time, according to their intervals relative to the existing notes. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes to which you want to add notes. 2. Open the note tools popover in any of the following ways: 3. ● Press Shift-I . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Note Tools . Enter the intervals of the notes you want, relative to your selected notes.
Write mode Note input Example action Popover entry Add multiple notes. 3,6 or -3,3,4 NOTE Separate notes with commas, not with spaces. Add notes above and/or below all notes in selected chords. 3 all or -M2,m3 to all NOTE Separate notes with commas, not with spaces. Add notes only to the top notes in chords. -3 top or dim5 top Add notes only to the bottom notes in chords. aug4 bottom or -2 bottom Specify perfect interval. p, per, or perf Specify major interval.
Write mode Note input RELATED LINKS Transposing existing notes with the note tools popover on page 184 Changing the pitch of individual notes You can raise/lower the pitch and register of individual notes, including grace notes, after they have been input by octave divisions, staff position, and octaves. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the notes whose pitches you want to change. 2.
Write mode Note input There are always at least three options for every pitch, as Dorico for iPad allows enharmonic spellings to show up to two accidental glyphs. This means the same note can be spelled four ways if the original pitch can be spelled with the note name either two notes below or two notes above, using a maximum of two accidental glyphs. For example, B is a possible enharmonic spelling of G♯ because a triple-flat uses a single accidental glyph, whereas an F♯ uses two accidental glyphs.
Write mode Note input 3. Enter the transposition interval you want into the popover. For example, enter t3 to transpose the notes up a third, or t-min6 to transpose the notes down a minor sixth. 4. Press Return to close the popover. RESULT The selected notes are transposed by the degree specified. Any figured bass shown on the affected staves is also transposed accordingly.
Write mode Note input Transposing selections You can transpose whole flows or specific selections, including selected key signatures, using the Transpose dialog. TIP Dorico for iPad automatically shows the appropriate key signatures for transposing instruments in transposing layouts. PROCEDURE 1. Optional: In Write mode, make a selection in the music area. NOTE ● If you want to transpose key signatures, you must include them in your selection.
Write mode Note input Transpose dialog The Transpose dialog allows you to transpose whole flows or selections of notes, including key signatures. You can transpose according to an interval and quality or by a set number of octave divisions. ● You can open the Transpose dialog in Write mode by clicking Context Menu secondary toolbar and choosing Transpose.
Write mode MIDI recording Calculate interval section, click Apply, and Dorico for iPad automatically sets the required transposition options for you. NOTE The Transpose dialog does not allow transpositions that would result in impossible notations, such as sharper than a triple sharp, or that require a microtonal accidental that does not exist in the tonality system in place at the position of your selection.
Write mode MIDI recording ● If you want to hear a click during your recording, you have input a time signature. There is no click in open meter or when there is no time signature. ● You have chosen the appropriate input pitch setting. PROCEDURE 1. Select a note or rest on the staff/instrument track into which you want to record notes, at the position from which you want to record. You can do this in Write mode and Play mode.
Write mode MIDI recording Retrieving played notes that you did not record During playback, you can play notes on your MIDI keyboard and hear them without recording them into the score. You can use retrospective recording to retrieve these notes and input them into the project without previously explicitly recording them. PREREQUISITE You have started playback, played notes on a MIDI device alongside playback, then stopped playback. PROCEDURE 1.
Write mode MIDI recording RESULT The notated durations of all selected notes are changed according to the quantization options you set. This does not affect their played duration in playback.
Write mode MIDI recording Fill gaps Allows you to determine whether Dorico for iPad fills in gaps between short notes. If you are importing already precisely quantized music, we recommend that you deactivate Fill gaps to ensure that note and rest durations are notated exactly as quantized. Detect grace notes Allows you to determine whether Dorico for iPad interprets grace notes. When deactivated, Dorico for iPad turns grace notes into normal notes.
Write mode MIDI recording 2. Click Play in the category list. 3. In the Recording subsection, change the value for MIDI input latency compensation. 4. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT Increasing the latency compensation value increases the time between pressing the key and the note being notated. This is useful if the notes you record were previously notated ahead of the beat. Decreasing the latency compensation value decreases the time between pressing the key and the note being notated.
Write mode Notations input ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Preferences. 2. Click Play in the category list. 3. In the Recording subsection, click MIDI Input Devices to open the MIDI Input Devices dialog. 4. Deactivate the checkbox for each MIDI input device you want to disable. 5. Click OK to save your changes and close the dialog. 6. Click Apply, then Close.
Write mode Notations input NOTE Some combinations of articulations on the same notes are not possible. For example, you cannot have both staccato and staccatissimo marks on the same notes, as both articulations indicate that notes are played shorter.
Write mode Notations input ● Select the notes to which you want to add slurs. TIP 2. ● If you only select a single note, the slur connects that note to the next note in the same voice on the staff. To input slurs between notes in different voices, you must select both notes, for example, by selecting the first note, activating Add to Selection in the secondary toolbar, then clicking the second note.
Write mode Notations input Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Slurs on page 771 Inputting nested slurs on page 783 Inputting notes on page 145 Slurs in playback on page 796 Cross-staff and cross-voice slurs on page 782 Changing the curvature direction of slurs on page 781 Moving notes/items rhythmically on page 337 Lengthening/Shortening items on page 322 Inputting fingerings You can input fingerings on existing notes using the fingerings popover, both during note input and by adding them to existi
Write mode Notations input 6. 7. ● 3-2 for a substitution fingering from the third finger to the second finger. ● 1,3,5 for a chord. ● 12 to show the first two valves should be depressed on a valved brass instrument. ● p for a right-hand thumb fingering or t for a left-hand thumb fingering. Optional: When adding fingerings to existing notes, move the popover in one of the following ways: ● To advance the popover to the next note/chord in the current voice, press Space .
Write mode Notations input Fingerings popover with an Fingerings popover with an example entry for inputting a non- example entry for a left-hand fretted instrument fingering fretted instrument fingering Fingering button in the Notations toolbox Fingerings popover with an example entry for a right-hand fretted instrument fingering Non-fretted instruments Type of fingering Example popover entry Single fingerings for individual notes, including 1, 2, 3, and so on for brass valve numbers and trombone sli
Write mode Notations input Type of fingering Example popover entry Editorial fingerings [4] Finger substitutions 1-3 Fretted instruments Type of fingering Example popover entries Left-hand fingerings 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Left-hand thumb t Right-hand fingerings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 p, i, m, a, e Right-hand thumb p, t, or 1 Right-hand pinky finger e, x, c, o, or 5 These lists are not comprehensive as there are many possible fingerings.
Write mode Notations input ● Press Shift-K . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers ● Select an existing key signature and press Return . , then Key Signatures . The icon on the left-hand side of the popover matches the corresponding button in the Notations toolbox on the right of the window.
Write mode Notations input Used in This Flow Contains all the key signatures currently used in the flow. Key Signatures Allows you to create key signatures. The Key Signatures section contains the following parts: 1 Major/Minor Allow you to choose whether your key signature is Major or Minor. 2 More Sharps/Fewer Flats Each time you click, you add one sharp accidental to the key signature, or remove one flat accidental from the key signature.
Write mode Notations input ● 2. 3. Select an item at the rhythmic position where you want to input a key signature. Open the key signatures popover in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-K . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Key Signatures . Enter the key signature you want into the popover. For example, enter g for G minor or 3s for 3 sharps. NOTE Entering 3s creates a key signature of A major, rather than F♯ minor. 4. Press Return to close the popover.
Write mode Notations input 2. In the Notations toolbox, click Panels , then Key Signatures, Tonality Systems, and Accidentals to show the Key Signatures, Tonality Systems, and Accidentals panel. 3. Optional: If you have not already used the key signature you want in the current flow, create the key signature you want using the Key Signatures editor in the Key Signatures, Tonality Systems, and Accidentals panel. 4.
Write mode Notations input Types of time signatures on page 857 Time signatures popover The table contains the entries for the time signatures popover that you can use to input the different types of time signatures available. You can open the time signatures popover in Write mode in any of the following ways when either an item is selected or the caret is active: ● Press Shift-M . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers ● Select an existing time signature and press Return .
Write mode Notations input Type of time signature Popover entry Beat grouping specified but not shown in the time signature [2+3+2]/8 For example, a time signature of 7/8 is shown but beams are subdivided into 2+3+2 eighth notes.
Write mode Notations input Inputting pick-up bars with the popover on page 210 Creating custom beat groupings for meters on page 464 Time Signatures (Meter) panel The Time Signatures (Meter) panel allows you to input different time signatures. In the Create Time Signature section of the panel, you can create uncommon time signatures. It is located in the right zone in Write mode. ● You can hide/show the Time Signatures (Meter) panel by clicking Panels Signatures (Meter) in the Notations toolbox.
Write mode Notations input 3 Pick-up bar of Allows you to include a pick-up bar before the time signature. A pick-up bar is not a complete bar, and so allows you to include only a few beats before the first complete bar. You can select one of the following options for the number of beats in a pick-up bar: 4 ● 1/2 beat ● 1 beat ● 2 beats ● 3 beats Input time signature button Click the button that displays the time signature to input it.
Write mode Notations input 5. Press Return to close the popover. RESULT During note input, time signatures are added at the caret position, even if this is in the middle of an existing bar. When adding time signatures to existing music, they are added at the rhythmic position of the earliest selected item. They appear to the right of barlines, key signatures, and clefs, and to the left of other items, even if this is in the middle of an existing bar.
Write mode Notations input RESULT During note input, time signatures are added at the caret position, even if this is in the middle of an existing bar. When adding time signatures to existing music, they are added at the rhythmic position of the earliest selected item. They appear to the right of barlines, key signatures, and clefs, and to the left of other items, even if this is in the middle of an existing bar.
Write mode Notations input 5. Press Return to close the popover. RESULT During note input, pick-up bars are added at the caret position as part of the specified time signature, even if this is in the middle of an existing bar. When adding pick-up bars to existing music, they are added at the rhythmic position of the earliest selected item as part of the specified time signature.
Write mode Notations input 3. In the Notations toolbox, click Panels Signatures (Meter) panel. 4. In the Create Time Signature section, select the type of time signature you want from the menu. 5. Enter the time signatures you want into the available spaces. 6. Activate Pick-up bar of section and select one of the following options: ● 1/2 beat ● 1 beat ● 2 beats ● 3 beats , then Time Signatures (Meter) to show the Time NOTE Not all pick-up bar lengths are possible when using the panel.
Write mode Notations input Input methods for tempo marks You can input tempo marks with the keyboard by using the tempo popover, with the mouse by using the Tempo panel, and in the Time track in Play mode. You can input a tempo mark containing just a text instruction, just a metronome mark, or a combination of the two.
Write mode Notations input Example tempo mark Popover entry rit. rit. or rit ritardando ritardando accel. accel. or accel accelerando accelerando più più or piu meno meno Faster, with energy Faster, with energy This list is not comprehensive as you can enter tempos freely and there are many possible metronome marks, tempo marks, and tempo equations. It is intended to illustrate how you can structure your entry to input different types of tempo marks and metronome marks.
Write mode Notations input Tempo equations Example tempo equation Popover entry = e = e., e=e., 5 = 5., or 5=5.
Write mode Notations input Used in This Flow Contains any tempo marks already used in the flow, including custom tempo marks added using the tempo popover. Tap Tempo Allows you to create an absolute tempo change based on the speed with which you click the Tap button. It appears as a metronome mark with no text by default. The metronome mark value is always rounded to the nearest integer. You can use the available options to set the beat unit on which you want to base the tempo.
Write mode Notations input You can add modifiers to relative tempo changes. Available modifiers are shown at the top of the section. You can later set a relative metronome mark change as a percentage of the previous metronome mark for individual tempo marks. Reset Tempo Contains tempo marks that indicate a return to the previous tempo, such as A tempo, or a previously defined tempo, such as Tempo primo.
Write mode Notations input NOTE If you want to show gradual tempo changes separated into syllables spread across their duration, such as rit-e-nu-to, we recommend selecting a suggested entry from the menu. Only gradual tempo changes with valid full text appear separated into syllables. 4. Press Return to close the popover. RESULT During note input, tempo marks are input at the caret position.
Write mode Notations input 2. In the Notations toolbox, click Panels , then Tempo 3. In the Tempo panel, click the tempo mark you want. to show the Tempo panel. TIP If you want Dorico for iPad to calculate the metronome mark for you, you can click Tap in the Tap Tempo section multiple times at the required speed. 4. Optional: Select a modifier from the available options. NOTE You can only add modifiers to a Gradual Tempo Change or a Relative Tempo Change.
Write mode Notations input ● Press Shift-B . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Bars and Barlines . The icon on the left-hand side of the popover matches the corresponding button in the Notations toolbox on the right of the window.
Write mode Notations input This list is not comprehensive, as you can add and delete any number of beats using the popover. This table is intended to illustrate how you can structure your entry to input and delete beats. Beat unit Popover entry 64th note z or 2 32nd note y or 3 16th note x or 4 Eighth note e or 5 Quarter note q or 6 Half note h or 7 Whole note w or 8 Double whole note 2w or 9 Rhythm dot .
Write mode Notations input Bars and Barlines panel The Bars and Barlines panel allows you to input bars, bar rests, and different types of barlines. It is located in the right zone in Write mode. ● You can hide/show the Bars and Barlines panel by clicking Panels in the Notations toolbox. , then Bars and Barlines You can also hide/show the right zone by pressing Cmd-9 .
Write mode Notations input When you add bars/beats to existing music, they are added after selected barlines and before other selected items, including time signatures. TIP Another way to add bars is by choosing a note duration, such as a whole note when in a 4/4 time signature, and pressing Space repeatedly during note input.
Write mode Notations input TIP Another way to add bars is by choosing a note duration, such as a whole note when in a 4/4 time signature, and pressing Space repeatedly during note input. RELATED LINKS Notations toolbox on page 121 Bars on page 424 Inputting time signatures with the panel on page 209 Inputting bars with the system track You can add bars within existing music using the system track, for example, if you decide you want to repeat several bars before the next section.
Write mode Notations input For example, enter || for a double barline. 4. Press Return to close the popover. RESULT During note input, barlines are input at the caret position. When you add barlines to existing music, they are added at the rhythmic position of the earliest selected item. They appear to the right of clefs and to the left of other items. If you selected an existing barline, the new barline directly replaces the existing one.
Write mode Notations input NOTE Normal barlines that you have input directly, such as to replace an existing double barline, are still considered explicit barlines and break multi-bar rests. Deleting barlines resets them completely.
Write mode Notations input Dynamic or modifier Popover entry piano: p mezzo piano: mp mezzo forte: mf forte: f fortissimo: ff fortepiano without separator: fp fortepiano with separator, such as - f-p, f:p, or f/p subito subito, sub, or sub. possibile possibile, poss, or poss. poco poco molto molto più piu or più meno meno mosso mosso crescendo: < cresc. (text) cresc diminuendo: > dim.
Write mode Notations input This list is not comprehensive as you can enter anything as a dynamic modifier. It is intended to illustrate how you can structure your entry to input different types of dynamics. TIP You can input hairpins directly into the score without the popover by pressing < for a crescendo hairpin and > for a diminuendo hairpin. You can also change the appearance of individual gradual dynamics after they have been input.
Write mode Notations input Combined Dynamics Allows you to create custom combinations of dynamics, such as . The controls allow you to increase and decrease the dynamic on each side, and to swap their order. RELATED LINKS Notations toolbox on page 121 Dynamics on page 498 Dynamic modifiers on page 508 Inputting dynamics with the popover You can input dynamics and modifiers using the dynamics popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing music.
Write mode Notations input 6. Optional: During note input, stop open-ended dynamics by pressing ? or by opening the dynamics popover again and inputting another immediate dynamic, such as f. RESULT The specified dynamics are input. They apply to all staves belonging to a single instrument, including grand staff instruments. Adjoining dynamics, or dynamics that were input together or in sequence, are automatically grouped together, both during note input and when adding dynamics to existing music.
Write mode Notations input Inputting dynamics with the panel You can input dynamics and modifiers using the Dynamics panel, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. NOTE You can also change dynamics during note input by following these steps when the caret is at the rhythmic position of the dynamic you want to change. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. ● Select an item on the staff and at the rhythmic position where you want to input dynamics.
Write mode Notations input AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can move dynamics within dynamic phrases and change the placement of dynamics relative to the staff.
Write mode Notations input Chord symbol roots Type of chord symbol root Popover entry English note names C, Db, F#, B, and so on C, D♭, F♯, B, and so on German note names C, Des, Fis, H, and so on C, D♭, F♯, H, and so on Fixed-do solfège do, reb, fa, fa#, ti, and so on C, D♭, F, F♯, B, and so on Nashville numbers representing scale degrees 1, 2b, 4#, 7, and so on Assuming C major: C, D♭, F♯, B, and so on Chord symbol qualities Chord symbol quality Popover entry Major maj, M, ma, or nothing af
Write mode Notations input Chord symbol alterations Type of chord symbol alteration Popover entry Alterations b5, -5, #9, +9, and so on Added notes add#11, add+11, addb9, add-9, addF#, addBb, and so on Suspensions sus4, sus9, and so on Omissions omit3, no7, and so on Chord symbols with altered bass notes Example altered bass note chord symbols Popover entry G7/D G7,D or Gmaj7,D C(♭5)/E♭ CMb5/Eb or Cmajb5/Eb Fm/D♯ Fm/D# or Fmi/D# Polychord chord symbols Example polychord chord symbols Pop
Write mode Notations input Modal chord symbol Popover entry Dorian dorian Phrygian phrygian Lydian lydian Mixolydian mixolydian Aeolian aeolian Locrian locrian Melodic minor melodicminor Harmonic minor harmonicminor Whole tone wholetone Octatonic or diminished half-whole diminishedhalfwhole, diminishedsemitonetone, octatonichalfwhole, or octatonicsemitonetone Octatonic or diminished whole-half diminishedwholehalf, diminishedtonesemitone, octatonicwholehalf, or octatonictonesemitone
Write mode Notations input Navigation during chord symbol input You can move the chord symbols popover manually by different amounts to input chord symbols at other positions without closing and reopening the popover each time. Navigating with a computer keyboard Popover navigation Key command Advance the popover to the next beat, according to the current time signature. Space Move the popover back to the previous beat, according to the current time signature.
Write mode Notations input Inputting chord symbols You can input chord symbols using the chord symbols popover, both for all instruments or only for individual instruments. You can also open the chord symbols popover during note input; however, inputting a chord symbol stops note input. PREREQUISITE If you want to input chord symbols using a MIDI device, you have connected the MIDI device you want to use. PROCEDURE 1.
Write mode Notations input RELATED LINKS Notations toolbox on page 121 Keyboard panel on page 128 Chord symbols on page 472 Hiding/Showing chord symbols on page 474 Hiding/Showing chord symbols in layouts on page 475 Hiding/Showing chord diagrams on page 481 Disabling MIDI input devices on page 193 Inputting polychord chord symbols Polychord chord symbols indicate that multiple different chords, commonly two, are played simultaneously.
Write mode Notations input Indicating altered bass notes in chord symbols You can indicate that chords have altered bass notes when inputting chord symbols with a MIDI keyboard. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, open the chord symbols popover. 2. Indicate which note is the altered bass note of a chord in any of the following ways on your MIDI keyboard: ● Play all notes of the chord together with the altered bass note at the bottom.
Write mode Notations input Clefs Type of clef Popover entry Treble G clef g, G, g2, sol, or treble Bass F clef f, F, f4, fa, or bass Tenor C clef ct, CT, c4, ut4, or tenor Alto C clef ca, CA, c3, ut3, or alto Treble G clef, octave below g8ba, G8ba, g8d, G8d, treble8ba, or treble8d Unpitched percussion perc 4-string tablature tab4 6-string tablature tab6 NOTE The rectangular percussion clef is available in the Clefs panel.
Write mode Notations input Octave lines on page 493 Clefs panel The Clefs panel contains the different types of clefs and octave lines available in Dorico for iPad. It is located in the right zone in Write mode. ● You can hide/show the Clefs panel by clicking Panels toolbox. , then Clefs in the Notations You can also hide/show the right zone by pressing Cmd-9 .
Write mode Notations input RESULT During note input, clefs are input at the caret position. Note input continues after inputting the clef, so you can continue inputting notes and clefs as required. When you add clefs to existing music, clefs are added directly before a selected notehead, and apply to all notes on that staff until the next clef, or the end of the flow. Clefs apply to all notes on the staff until the next clef or the end of the flow, whichever comes first.
Write mode Notations input Inputting octave lines with the popover You can input octave lines using the clefs and octave lines popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. ● Select the notes to which you want to add an octave line. Open the clefs and octave lines popover in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-C . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Clefs .
Write mode Notations input Inputting octave lines with the panel You can input octave lines using the Clefs panel, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. ● Select the notes to which you want to add an octave line. 2. In the Notations toolbox, click Panels , then Clefs to show the Clefs panel. 3. In the Octave Lines section, click the octave line you want.
Write mode Notations input The icon on the left-hand side of the popover matches the corresponding button in the Notations toolbox on the right of the window.
Write mode Notations input RELATED LINKS Notations toolbox on page 121 Holds and pauses on page 561 Types of fermatas on page 561 Types of caesuras on page 563 Types of breath marks on page 562 Holds and Pauses panel The Holds and Pauses panel allows you to input all the different types of holds and pauses available in Dorico for iPad, including alternative versions of fermatas. It is located in the right zone in Write mode.
Write mode Notations input 3. Enter the hold or pause you want into the popover. For example, enter fermata for a pause or caesura for a caesura. 4. Press Return to close the popover. RESULT During note input, the specified hold or pause is input at the caret position. When adding holds or pauses to existing music, they are input at the rhythmic position of the earliest selected item.
Write mode Notations input Correct positioning for caesura input Caesuras are commonly placed at the end of a bar, before a barline. In Dorico for iPad, caesuras must be attached to the note immediately after the position where you want it to appear, as then Dorico for iPad can automatically position them correctly. A correctly input caesura. The dotted attachment lines are attached to the notehead after the barline, meaning the caesura is correctly positioned before the barline.
Write mode Notations input ● Press Shift-O . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers ● Select an existing ornament and press Return . , then Ornaments . The icon on the left-hand side of the popover matches the corresponding button in the Notations toolbox on the right of the window.
Write mode Notations input Jazz ornaments Type of jazz ornament Popover entry Bend brassbend Flip flip Jazz turn jazz or shake Smear smear Jazz articulations Type of jazz articulation Popover entry Plop (bend) plop Plop (smooth) plopsmooth Scoop scoop Doit (bend) doit Doit (smooth) doitsmooth Fall (bend) fall Fall (smooth) fallsmooth TIP Other ornaments are available in the Ornaments panel.
Write mode Notations input Glissando lines Type of glissando line Popover entry Straight glissando line gliss Wavy glissando line glisswavy Guitar techniques Type of guitar technique Popover entry Guitar bend bend Vibrato bar dive and return vibbend Vibrato bar scoop vibscoop Vibrato bar dip vibdip Vibrato bar line wbar or w/bar NOTE Must have duration to show its line.
Write mode Notations input Type of guitar technique Popover entry Hammer-on then pull-off or pull-off then hammer-on (ligado) hp, hopo, hammerpull, lig, or ligado NOTE You must select at least three notes assigned to the same string with alternating pitch directions, such as C-D-C or D-C-D. Right-hand tapping tap Right-hand tapping with pull-off tappull NOTE You must select at least two notes assigned to the same string with descending pitch directions, such as D-C.
Write mode Notations input Jazz articulations on page 667 Jazz ornaments on page 668 Playing technique duration on page 703 Ornaments panel The Ornaments panel allows you to input all the different types of ornaments available, including jazz articulations, as well as arpeggio signs, glissando lines, guitar bends, and vibrato bar techniques. It is located in the right zone in Write mode. ● You can hide/show the Ornaments panel by clicking Panels Notations toolbox.
Write mode Notations input ● 2. 3. Select an item on the staff and at the rhythmic position where you want to input an ornament. If you want to input a trill with a specific duration, select items on the staff that span that duration. Open the ornaments popover in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-O . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Ornaments . Enter the appropriate entry for the ornament you want into the popover.
Write mode Notations input RESULT During note input, ornaments are input at the caret position. Trills are input with a default duration of a quarter note. When adding ornaments to existing music, they are input at the rhythmic position of the earliest selected item. Trills are input at the rhythmic position of the earliest selected item, with an extender line across the rest of the selection. TIP You can specify trill intervals when inputting trills using the popover.
Write mode Notations input 6. Optional: During chord input, input the notes you want. RESULT During chord input, arpeggio signs are input at the caret position. When adding arpeggio signs to existing notes, they are input to the left of the selected notes. Arpeggio signs automatically span the pitch range of all notes at that rhythmic position in the current voice during chord input, and all notes in the selected voices/staves when adding arpeggio signs to existing notes.
Write mode Notations input Inputting glissando lines with the popover You can input glissando lines between existing notes using the ornaments popover. You can input glissando lines between both adjacent and non-adjacent notes. NOTE You cannot input glissando lines during note input or on the last note on a staff. Instead, you can input a jazz articulation. PREREQUISITE You have input at least two notes that you want to join with a glissando. PROCEDURE 1.
Write mode Notations input Inputting glissando lines with the panel You can input glissando lines between existing notes using the Ornaments panel. You can input glissando lines between both adjacent and non-adjacent notes. NOTE You cannot input glissando lines during note input or on the last note on a staff. Instead, you can input a jazz articulation. PREREQUISITE You have input at least two notes that you want to join with a glissando. PROCEDURE 1.
Write mode Notations input Inputting jazz articulations with the popover You can input jazz articulations using the ornaments popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing notes. NOTE You can input jazz ornaments, such as flips or jazz turns, in the same ways as inputting ornaments. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input.
Write mode Notations input Inputting jazz articulations with the panel You can input jazz articulations using the Ornaments panel, both during note input and by adding them to existing notes. NOTE You can input jazz ornaments, such as flips or jazz turns, in the same ways as inputting ornaments. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input.
Write mode Notations input Vibrato bar dives and returns on page 649 Vibrato bar techniques on page 660 Tapping on page 661 Hammer-ons and pull-offs on page 662 Inputting guitar bends with the popover You can input guitar bends between existing notes, including between grace notes and normal notes, using the ornaments popover. You can input guitar bends between both adjacent and non-adjacent notes. NOTE You cannot input guitar bends during note input or on the last note on a staff.
Write mode Notations input Inputting guitar bends with the panel You can input guitar bends between existing notes, including between grace notes and normal notes, using the Ornaments panel. You can input guitar bends between both adjacent and non-adjacent notes. NOTE You cannot input guitar bends during note input or on the last note on a staff. PREREQUISITE You have input at least two notes that you want to join with a guitar bend. PROCEDURE 1.
Write mode Notations input RESULT Guitar pre-bends of the specified interval are input before the selected notes. They are shown as guitar pre-dives when Vibrato bar pre-bend and the corresponding checkbox are both activated. RELATED LINKS Guitar pre-bends and pre-dives on page 647 Vibrato bar techniques on page 660 Properties panel (Write mode) on page 126 Inputting guitar post-bends You can input guitar post-bends on any existing notes belonging to fretted instruments.
Write mode Notations input ● Press Shift-O . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Ornaments . 4. Enter fallsmooth into the popover to input a smooth fall jazz articulation. 5. Press Return to close the popover. 6. Optional: During note input, move the caret back to the position of the note with the smooth fall. 7. Open the ornaments popover in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-O . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Ornaments 8.
Write mode Notations input Inputting vibrato bar dives and returns with the popover You can input vibrato bar dives and returns between existing notes using the ornaments popover. You can input vibrato bar dives and returns between both adjacent and non-adjacent notes. NOTE You cannot input vibrato bar dives and returns during note input or on the last note on a staff.
Write mode Notations input Vibrato bar techniques on page 660 Guitar bends on page 644 Inputting guitar bends with the popover on page 261 Inputting vibrato bar dives and returns with the panel You can input vibrato bar dives and returns between existing notes using the Ornaments panel. You can input vibrato bar dives and returns between both adjacent and non-adjacent notes. NOTE You cannot input vibrato bar dives and returns during note input or on the last note on a staff.
Write mode Notations input Inputting vibrato bar scoops with the popover You can input vibrato bar scoops using the ornaments popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing notes. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. TIP During note input, you can select additional notes before/after the last input note without deactivating the caret by pressing Shift-Right Arrow / Shift-Left Arrow . ● Select the notes to which you want to add vibrato bar scoops. 2.
Write mode Notations input ● Select the notes to which you want to add vibrato bar scoops. 2. Optional: During note input, input at least one note. 3. In the Notations toolbox, click Panels 4. In the Guitar section, click Vibrato Bar Scoop , then Ornaments to show the Ornaments panel. . RESULT Vibrato bar scoops are input on the selected notes. During note input, this is usually the last note you input. By default, vibrato bar scoops only appear on notation staves, not tablature.
Write mode Notations input Vibrato bar techniques on page 660 Changing vibrato bar dip intervals on page 664 Inputting vibrato bar indications/lines with the popover on page 269 Changing the staff-relative placement of items on page 326 Inputting vibrato bar dips with the panel You can input vibrato bar dips using the Ornaments panel, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input.
Write mode Notations input 5. Optional: During note input, input a note or press Space to advance the caret and input the vibrato bar indication. RESULT During note input, vibrato bar indications are input at the caret position. When adding vibrato bar indications to a single selected item, they are input at that rhythmic position only and have no duration.
Write mode Notations input Inputting hammer-ons/pull-offs You can input hammer-ons/pull-offs on any notes belonging to fretted instruments using the ornaments popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing notes. If you select multiple notes, Dorico for iPad automatically inputs the appropriate slurs. You can also add tapping with hammer-ons/pull-offs to existing notes. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input.
Write mode Notations input RELATED LINKS Ornaments popover on page 248 Hammer-ons and pull-offs on page 662 Changing the staff-relative placement of guitar techniques on page 665 Assigning notes to strings on page 599 Changing the allocated string for notes on tablature on page 817 Deleting guitar techniques on page 666 Inputting tapping You can input right-hand and left-hand tapping indications on any notes belonging to fretted instruments using the ornaments popover, both during note input and by adding
Write mode Notations input RELATED LINKS Ornaments popover on page 248 Tapping on page 661 Changing the staff-relative placement of guitar techniques on page 665 Assigning notes to strings on page 599 Changing the allocated string for notes on tablature on page 817 Deleting guitar techniques on page 666 Input methods for playing techniques, pedal lines, string indicators, and harp pedal diagrams You can input playing techniques with the keyboard by using the playing techniques popover, and with the mouse b
Write mode Notations input Playing techniques popover with an example entry for inputting a playing technique Playing techniques popover with an example entry for inputting a pedal line Playing Techniques button in the Notations toolbox Playing techniques Playing technique Popover entry Vibrato vibrato Senza vibrato senza vibrato Naturale (nat.) nat Con sord.
Write mode Notations input Playing technique Popover entry Damp damp Damp (large) damp large Full barré full barre Half barré half barre Strum up strum up Strum down strum down Left hand lh Right hand rh This list is not comprehensive as there are many valid playing techniques. It is intended to illustrate how you can structure your entry to input different types of common playing techniques.
Write mode Notations input Type of pedal line or retake Popover entry Una corda pedal line unacorda Stop una corda pedal line u* Harp pedaling Example harp pedaling Popover entry D, C, Bb, Eb, F, G, A DCBbEbFGA, BbEb, or --^|^--- D, C♯, B, E, F♯, G♯, A DC#BEF#G#A, C#F#G#, or -v-|-vv- TIP The pipe character is optional.
Write mode Notations input Common Contains commonly used playing techniques that also apply to multiple different instrument families, such as “mute” and “legato”. Wind Contains playing techniques typically only used for wind instruments, such as “key clicks” and “whistle tones”. Brass Contains playing techniques typically only used for brass instruments, such as “cup mute” and “stopped”.
Write mode Notations input PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. ● Select an item on the staff and at the rhythmic position where you want to input a playing technique. If you want to input playing techniques with duration, select items on the staff that span that duration. Open the playing techniques popover in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-P . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Playing Techniques .
Write mode Notations input applies until the end of the selection. For playing techniques whose continuation type is set to show lines, the appropriate continuation line is shown. AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can move playing techniques within playing technique groups, lengthen/shorten playing techniques, and hide/show playing technique duration lines.
Write mode Notations input Grouping playing techniques together on page 708 Inputting pedal lines and retakes with the popover You can input pedal lines using the playing techniques popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. Because the pedal line extends automatically as you input notes during note input, you can input retakes when you reach the appropriate rhythmic position. PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input.
Write mode Notations input Fretboard panel on page 130 Drum Pads panel on page 131 Adding retakes to existing pedal lines with the popover You can add retakes to sustain pedal lines using the playing techniques popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. NOTE You cannot add retakes to sostenuto or una corda pedal lines. Retakes only appear for sustain pedal lines with the Line continuation type. PREREQUISITE You have input a sustain pedal line. PROCEDURE 1. 2.
Write mode Notations input 4. Click the pedal line you want. Alternatively, with nothing selected, click the pedal line you want in the Keyboard section of the Playing Techniques panel, then click and drag in the score to create a pedal line and extend it to the duration you want. 5. Optional: Select an item at the rhythmic position where you want to input a retake. 6. Optional: In the Playing Techniques panel, click Retake Pedal in the Keyboard section.
Write mode Notations input Inputting harp pedal diagrams You can input harp pedal diagrams using the playing techniques popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. If you do not input any harp pedaling, Dorico for iPad assumes all harp pedals are in their natural setting, as they would be for C major. Any pitches that do not fit with the current harp pedaling, excluding the two lowest harp strings, appear red when colors for notes out of range are shown. PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3.
Write mode Notations input 3. Enter the appropriate entry for the string indicator you want into the popover. For example, enter string1 for just a string 1 indicator or string3-> for a string 3 indicator with duration. 4. Press Return to close the popover. Open-ended string indicators, such as string3->, automatically extend during note input as you continue inputting notes, or if you advance the caret by pressing Space or clicking Advance Caret in the Keyboard, Fretboard, or Drum Pads panel toolbar.
Write mode Notations input PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. ● Select an item on the staff and at the rhythmic position where you want to input a string indicator outside the staff. If you want to input a string indicator with a duration line, select items on the staff that span that duration. 2. In the Notations toolbox, click Panels Techniques panel. , then Playing Techniques 3. In the Playing Techniques panel, expand the Guitar section. 4.
Write mode Notations input RESULT String indicators are shown in the staff beside each selected note. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. Unless you have specified a string for each note, the string number shown in the string indicators is calculated automatically. String indicators inside the staff for open strings appear as a bold number zero without a circle enclosure.
Write mode Notations input Horizontal Contains the different horizontal lines available. The options at the top of the section allow you to determine the attachment type for the start and end of horizontal lines you subsequently input. Horizontal lines can be attached to noteheads, barlines, or rhythmic positions, and the start and end can have different attachment types. Vertical Contains the different vertical lines available.
Write mode Notations input RESULT A horizontal line with the specified attachments is input. They are positioned according to their attachment types and their rhythmic positions. AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK ● You can change the placement and staff position of barline-/rhythmic position-attached lines. ● You can add text to lines.
Write mode Notations input AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK ● You can change the order of lines when multiple exist at the same rhythmic position and show vertical lines on the right of notes. ● You can lengthen/shorten vertical lines. ● You can add text to lines.
Write mode Notations input RELATED LINKS Notations toolbox on page 121 Hiding/Showing text objects on page 365 Changing the staff-relative placement of items on page 326 System objects on page 811 Text objects vs. text in text frames on page 354 Adding borders to text objects on page 362 Enabling/Disabling text collision avoidance on page 362 Aligning text objects with the start of systems on page 361 Text editor options in Write mode The text editor allows you to add and format text.
Write mode Notations input ● 6 Cmd-Shift-, to decrease the font size Font Stretch Allows you to make selected text wider or narrower. 7 Baseline Shift Allows you to shift the baseline of selected text gradually up or down. 8 Letter Spacing Allows you to increase/decrease the space between the characters of selected text. 9 Word Spacing Allows you to increase/decrease the space between the words of selected text.
Write mode Notations input 2. Optional: Change the text in the text frame/object. 3. Optional: Use the text editor options to format the text. 4. Press Esc or Ctrl/Cmd - Return to close the text editor. RELATED LINKS Text objects vs.
Write mode Notations input RESULT The text you entered into the popover is input as lyrics of the type indicated by the icon on the left-hand side of the popover. When you advance the popover to the next note by pressing - , a hyphen appears after the last entered lyric. This is used for multi-syllabic words across multiple notes. When you advance the popover by pressing Space , a gap appears after the last entered lyric.
Write mode Notations input Lyric lines above the staff You can input lyrics into lines above the staff by pressing Shift - Up Arrow when the lyrics popover is open. You can then press Up Arrow and Down Arrow to change the lyric line number above the staff. Chorus lines You can input chorus lines by pressing Up Arrow when the lyrics popover is open. You can do this when inputting lyrics below the staff and above the staff. A c, for “chorus lines”, is shown on the left-hand side of the popover.
Write mode Notations input Popover navigation Key command Move the popover forwards/backwards from syllable to syllable within lines of lyrics. Opt-Right Arrow / Opt-Left Arrow Add spaces within a word or syllable without advancing the popover. Shift-Opt-Space Add a hyphen within a single word or syllable without advancing the popover. Opt-- (hyphen) Add an elision slur within a word or syllable.
Write mode Notations input RESULT The figured bass specified is input. If you selected an item belonging to an instrument that was not already set to show figured bass in the current layout, its player is automatically updated to show them. If Dorico for iPad cannot identify the bass note at the position of a figure, such as if you input a figure on a rest, it appears as a signpost.
Write mode Notations input When inputting global figured bass, the icon on the left-hand side of the popover matches the corresponding button in the Notations toolbox. When inputting local figured bass, the icon on the left-hand side of the popover appears smaller and includes the icon for a single player.
Write mode Notations input Type of figure Example popover entry Follow input literally for this figure only O, o, or ! NOTE Must be at the start of the popover entry. This list is not comprehensive. It is intended to illustrate how you can structure your entry to input different tuplets. NOTE Unless you include an entry for Follow input literally at the start of your popover entry, the appearance of resulting figures is determined by Dorico for iPad’s default settings.
Write mode Notations input Chord symbols popover on page 232 Navigation during figured bass input You can move the figured bass popover manually by different amounts to input figured bass figures at other positions without closing and reopening the popover each time. Popover navigation Key command Advance the popover to the next beat, according to the current time signature. Space Move the popover back to the previous beat, according to the current time signature.
Write mode Notations input ● Press Shift-A . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Rehearsal Marks . RESULT A rehearsal mark is input at the selected barline, or at the rhythmic position of other selected items. The order of rehearsal marks is updated automatically, meaning you can input them in any order, including before and between existing rehearsal marks.
Write mode Notations input TIP To indicate repeats using repeat barlines, you can input repeat barlines using the available input methods for barlines.
Write mode Notations input Type of repeat marker Popover entry D.C. al Fine dcalf, DC al Fine, D.C. al Fine, and so on D.C. al Coda dcalc, DC al Coda, D.C. al Coda, and so on D.S. ds, D.S., dal segno, and so on D.S. al Fine dsalf, DS al Fine, D.S. al Fine, and so on D.S. al Coda dsalc, DS al Coda, D.S.
Write mode Notations input Type of tremolo Popover entry Three strokes ///2, \\\2, or 32 Four strokes ////2, \\\\2, or 42 Z on stem (buzz roll) z or zonstem Remove all tremolos 0 or clear Slash regions Slash region Popover entry New slash region slash Bar repeats Type of bar repeat Popover entry Repeat last bar % or %1 Repeat last 2 bars %2 Repeat last 4 bars %4 Repeat last bar, group in 2 %1,2 Repeat last bar, group in 4 %1,4 Repeat last 2 bars, group in 2 %2,2 Repeat last 4 ba
Write mode Notations input Repeat Structures panel The Repeat Structures panel contains the different types of repeat notations, including repeat endings, repeat markers, tremolos, rhythm slashes, and bar repeats. It is located in the right zone in Write mode. Tremolos are included in the Repeat Structures panel because they indicate that notes are repeated, either individually as single-note tremolos or in sequences as multi-note tremolos.
Write mode Notations input ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers 3. Enter end or ending into the popover. 4. Press Return to close the popover. , then Repeats . RESULT The repeat ending is input, with the first ending segment covering the bars in which you selected items, and a second ending segment created automatically in the following bar. An end repeat barline is created at the end of the first ending if none exists already.
Write mode Notations input However, No. endings only adds additional repeat ending segments that contain one bar, and does not automatically input or reposition repeat barlines. You must input repeat barlines as appropriate manually.
Write mode Notations input Adding additional repeat endings with the panel You can have more than two possible endings in each repeat ending structure by adding additional segments using the Repeat Structures panel. You can add repeat ending segments both during note input and by adding them to existing music. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input.
Write mode Notations input EXAMPLE Default repeat ending structure with two endings Repeat ending structure with additional third ending RELATED LINKS Repeat endings on page 738 Inputting repeat markers with the popover You can input repeat markers, including repeat jumps and repeat sections, using the repeats popover, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input.
Write mode Notations input Inputting repeat markers with the panel You can input repeat markers using the Repeat Structures panel, both during note input and by adding them to existing music. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. TIP During note input, you can select additional notes before/after the last input note without deactivating the caret by pressing Shift-Right Arrow / Shift-Left Arrow .
Write mode Notations input NOTE If you want to input multi-note tremolos, you must select at least two notes on the same staff or cross-staff notes that have the same notated duration. The notes can also be tuplets. 2. 3. Open the repeats popover in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-R . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers , then Repeats . Enter the appropriate entry for the type of tremolo you want into the popover. For example, to input a three-stroke multi-note tremolo, enter ///2.
Write mode Notations input TIP During note input, you can select additional notes before/after the last input note without deactivating the caret by pressing Shift-Right Arrow / Shift-Left Arrow . ● Select the notes to which you want to add tremolos. NOTE If you want to input multi-note tremolos, you must select at least two notes on the same staff or cross-staff notes that have the same notated duration. The notes can also be tuplets. 2. In the Notations toolbox, click Panels Structures panel. 3.
Write mode Notations input ● Press Shift-R . ● In the Notations toolbox, click Popovers 3. Enter slash into the popover. 4. Press Return to close the popover. , then Repeats . RESULT During note input, slash regions are input spanning the duration of the selected note or item, which is usually the last input note. When adding slash regions to existing music, they span the selected duration. Slash regions are automatically formatted as appropriate for the meter.
Write mode Selecting notes/items ● You can also input bar repeat regions by clicking Create Bar Repeat Region in the Bar Repeats group of the Repeat Structures panel. However, this only inputs a bar repeat region containing single-bar repeats. AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can change how bar repeats are grouped.
Write mode Selecting notes/items ● 2. If nothing is selected in the music area, press any arrow key on your computer keyboard to select the first note, rest, or other item on the top staff in the current layout. Deselect all currently selected items in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-D . ● Click outside of the staves within the music area. NOTE Add to Selection and Extend Selection must be deactivated.
Write mode Selecting notes/items ● Dynamics: The first expansion is to all other dynamics in the same group and on the same staves as the original selection, with further expansions selecting other dynamics in other groups. ● Playing techniques: The selection expands only to playing techniques of the same category, such as Strings or Choral. Additionally, if you select either an up bow or down bow playing technique, the selection expands only to other up bow and down bow playing techniques.
Write mode Selecting notes/items Select more of the currently selected types of items You can press Cmd-Shift-A to expand your current selection horizontally and incrementally to other items of the same types and in the selected voices and staves in both Write mode and Engrave mode. For items that span multiple bars and systems, they are selected in the earliest bar/system in which they exist. 1. The first expansion is to the boundaries of the current bar, both to the left and right.
Write mode Selecting notes/items Allows you to select all items, including system objects, on all staves in the system across the selected region. 3 Add Allows you to add bars or beats of the same duration as the selection in the system track. The extra time is inserted immediately after the end of the selection. NOTE Selections on the system track are cleared whenever you make any other kind of selection, or when you switch layouts.
Write mode Selecting notes/items 3. ● In the secondary toolbar, activate Extend Selection along the system track. ● Click and drag to the right/left along the system track. Click System Track Select your selection is narrow. , then click bars to the right/left in the system track. It can also appear above the system track if RESULT Everything on all staves in the selected bars is selected and highlighted, including system objects, notations, and signposts.
Write mode Selecting notes/items NOTE There is no filter for barlines. You also cannot filter fingerings, beams, articulations, or tremolos, as they are considered part of the notes to which they apply. RELATED LINKS Filters for lyrics on page 574 Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Changing filters to select/deselect You can change whether the available filter options select or deselect the specified items.
Write mode Editing items RESULT When the option is activated, notes play back as you input them during note input and when you select them. When it is deactivated, notes do not play back. When Use fixed volume to play selected notes is activated, notes play back with the set volume. When it is deactivated, notes play back with the prevailing dynamic.
Write mode Editing items Edit Notes Overlay The Edit Notes Overlay allows you to change the pitch of notes, move notes rhythmically, and lengthen/shorten notes. It appears in the music area in Write mode when at least one note is selected. Edit Notes Overlay to the left of a system during note input The Edit Notes Overlay contains the following options: Octave Sets the transposition interval to octaves. Staff Position Sets the transposition interval to staff positions, such as F to G.
Write mode Editing items Moves the selected notes rhythmically to the left according to the current rhythmic grid resolution. Move Right by Grid Value Moves the selected notes rhythmically to the right according to the current rhythmic grid resolution. Lengthen Duration by Grid Value Lengthens the duration of the selected notes according to the current rhythmic grid resolution. Shorten Duration by Grid Value Shortens the duration of the selected notes according to the current rhythmic grid resolution.
Write mode Editing items 2. ● When using the mouse, you can only lengthen/shorten a single item at a time. Figured bass and playing techniques, including string indicators and vibrato bar lines, must have duration already. ● When lengthening/shortening multiple figured bass or playing techniques using the keyboard, they must all have duration already. ● You can only lengthen/shorten non-grouped playing techniques or the last playing technique in a group.
Write mode Editing items ● Only a single bar repeat region or chord symbol region can exist at each rhythmic position on each staff. If a bar repeat region or chord symbol region collides with another item of the same type when it is lengthened/shortened, the existing item is deleted or shortened accordingly. For bar repeat regions, this can mean the grouping of other bar repeat regions is changed. You can undo this action and restore the previous lengths of the other regions.
Write mode Editing items 2. 3. Open the popover for that item in any of the following ways: ● Press Return . ● Double-click the item. Change the existing entry in the popover. For chord symbols, you can also play the new chord on your MIDI keyboard. 4. Press Return to close the popover. RESULT The selected item is changed according to the new entry in the popover. This changes different parameters for different items, such as the duration of a hold or pause or the volume of a dynamic.
Write mode Editing items 3. 4. ● If you want to use a default scale size, activate Scale. ● If you want to use a custom scale size, activate Custom scale. ● If you want to use a custom scale size based on a default scale size, activate both Scale and Custom scale. Optional: If you activated Scale, select one of the following options from the menu: ● Normal ● Grace ● Cue ● Cue grace Optional: If you activated Custom scale, change the value in the value field.
Write mode Editing items 2. ● If you want to select parts of items, such as articulations, a single notehead within a tie chain, or a single fermata, you must be in Engrave mode. ● To select multiple items of the same type, you can use large selections and/or filters. Flip the selected items in any of the following ways: ● Press F . ● In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Flip.
Write mode Editing items TIP To select multiple items of the same type, you can use large selections and/or filters. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Reset Appearance. RESULT All properties that affect the appearance of the selected items are reset to their default settings. If the property scope was set to Locally, any properties that are layout-specific and frame chain-specific are only reset in the current layout and frame chain.
Write mode Hiding non-printing elements Hiding non-printing elements You can temporarily hide all visible elements that do not print, such as signposts and selection highlights. This allows you to view the current layout as it will appear when printed/exported without switching to Print mode. PROCEDURE ● Press and hold ` . RESULT All non-printing elements in the current layout are hidden until you release the key command. Printing elements appear as they will when printed/exported.
Write mode Navigation NOTE You can only navigate forwards/backwards through items on the same staff. You cannot navigate to other items of the same type on other staves. 2. Navigate to other notes or items in any of the following ways: ● To navigate to the next item or note in the same voice, press Right Arrow or click Navigate Right in the secondary toolbar. ● To navigate to the previous item or note in the same voice, press Left Arrow or click Navigate Left in the secondary toolbar.
Write mode Navigation PROCEDURE 1. Press Cmd-G to open the Go To Bar dialog. 2. Select the flow containing the bar to which you want to go from the Flow menu. 3. Enter the bar number to which you want to go into the Bar field. 4. Click OK. RESULT The music area updates to show the corresponding bar. Dorico for iPad automatically positions the top staff towards the top left of the music area. In Play mode, the playhead moves to the start of the corresponding bar.
Write mode Signposts Signposts In Dorico for iPad, signposts indicate the positions of important items or changes that cannot be seen in the score, such as key signatures with no accidentals, hidden items, and rhythmic feel changes. Signposts have different colors depending on the item they mark because many items can show signposts, such as hidden bar numbers and time signatures.
Write mode Arranging tools View Options dialog on page 120 Arranging tools Arranging tools in Dorico for iPad allow you to allocate notes to different staves and voices quickly and efficiently. These tools include copying notes and items to multiple staves at the same time, and multiple times within a selected range, moving notes between staves, and changing the voices of notes.
Write mode Arranging tools Any repeat barlines input as part of repeat endings are not deleted automatically when you delete repeat endings. When you delete barlines, the two bars on either side combine into one bar, containing the same number of beats but without changing the time signature. This might cause note, rest, and beam groupings to change.
Write mode Arranging tools Copying and pasting notes/items You can copy and paste items, including notes and notations, to other rhythmic positions and staves in different ways. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the notes/items you want to copy. TIP To select multiple items of the same type, you can use large selections and/or filters. 2.
Write mode Arranging tools TIP To select multiple items of the same type, you can use large selections and/or filters. 2. Copy the selected notes/items. 3. Select an item on each staff to which you want to paste the selected items. 4. Paste the selected notes/items. RESULT The selected notes/items are copied to all of the selected staves. If you copied dynamics or slurs to other staves at the same rhythmic position, they are automatically linked by default.
Write mode Arranging tools TIP If you selected a range on multiple staves, the selected items are also pasted to multiple staves. If you copied dynamics or slurs to other staves at the same rhythmic position, they are automatically linked by default.
Write mode Arranging tools to a new time position, for example, if you want to move it from 25 seconds to 28 seconds, you must change the timecode of the marker. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the notes, items, or signposts that you want to move. NOTE 2. ● If you want tuplet notes to remain tuplets, you must also select their tuplet numbers/ ratios, brackets, or tuplet signposts, otherwise notes become normal notes of their rhythmic value when you move them beyond the boundaries of tuplets.
Write mode Arranging tools NOTE The following items move to adjacent noteheads, bars, or barlines: dynamics, ornaments, slurs, horizontal lines, octave lines, pedal lines, playing techniques, rehearsal marks, repeat endings, and bar repeat regions. RESULT The selected notes, items, and/or signposts are moved to new rhythmic positions. Most items move according to the current rhythmic grid resolution. However, a single selection of some items automatically moves to adjacent noteheads, bars, or barlines.
Write mode Arranging tools gradual tempo changes between the preceding tempo change or the start of the flow and the marker are removed. The tempo change affects the positions of all other markers in the flow relative to the notated music.
Write mode Arranging tools ● To move them to the staff below, press Opt-M . ● In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu Staff Above. and choose Paste Special > Move to ● In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu Staff Below. and choose Paste Special > Move to RESULT The selected notes and/or items are moved to another staff by cutting them from their original staff and pasting them to the new staff. By default, notes are pasted into the first voice active on that staff.
Write mode Arranging tools RESULT The voice of the selected notes is changed, which might cause Dorico for iPad to change the stem directions of the selected notes and other notes on the staff, and add implicit rests to ensure correct notation based on convention. If you changed notes to a slash voice, they no longer play back. AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can later delete or hide rests and change the stem direction of notes manually. You can also change whole voices into slash voices.
Write mode Comments EXAMPLE An E is in the up-stem voice, an F in the down-stem voice. After swapping their voice contents, the E is in the down-stem voice, and the F is in the up-stem voice. RELATED LINKS Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Swapping the order of voices on page 906 Voice column index on page 905 Comments Comments allow you to add notes or instructions at precise positions in your project without affecting the music.
Write mode Comments dialog appears into which you can add the name and initials you want to use for comments. You can also change these in Preferences. ● Date the comment was added ● Instrument to which the comment applies ● Bars to which the comment applies NOTE In the music area, only the initials of the author are shown. In the Comments panel, all information is shown.
Write mode Comments Comment dialog The Comment dialog allows you to enter and edit text as comments. ● You can open the Comment dialog by adding a comment, replying to a comment, or doubleclicking an existing comment, either in the music area or in the Comments panel. Comments panel The Comments panel shows all the comments in the current flow as a list. Replies to comments are indented to indicate their relationship to the original comment. The Comments panel is located in the right zone in Write mode.
Write mode Comments 1 Author name: This uses either the current user account or a custom name, depending on the preference that was set when the comment was added. 2 Comment content 3 Date the comment was added to the project 4 Instrument to which the comment applies 5 Bars to which the comment applies The action bar at the bottom of the panel contains the following options: Create Comment Adds a comment to the selected rhythmic position and staff.
Write mode Comments 4. Click OK to close the dialog and add the reply. RESULT The text you entered into the dialog is saved as a reply to the selected comment. In the music area, it is indicated by a speech bubble symbol that contains your initials and is positioned immediately below the selected comment. In the Comments panel, the reply is indented below the selected comment. TIP You can also reply to comments by clicking Reply to Comment in the Comments panel.
Write mode Comments 3. In the Comments subsection, choose one of the following options for Author name for comments: ● User Name ● Custom Name 4. Optional: If you chose Custom Name, enter the full name you want to use into the Full name field. 5. Optional: If you chose Custom Name, enter the initials you want to use into the Initials field. 6. Click Apply, then Close.
Layout and formatting There are various ways you can control the layout and formatting of pages in your project, including changing the size of pages and adjusting note spacing. NOTE In Dorico for iPad, you cannot edit all the objects and settings used to determine page formatting, such as frames and master pages. However, we have included basic information about these for your information.
Layout and formatting Engrave mode NOTE ● If you select multiple different types of notation items, only the groups that they have in common are displayed. For example, if you select a slur, the Common and Slurs groups are displayed in the Properties panel. However, if you select a slur and a note, only the Common group is displayed. ● If the property scope is set to Locally, changing local properties only affects the current layout and frame chain.
Layout and formatting Moving items graphically Secondary toolbar (Engrave mode) The secondary toolbar contains options that allow you to select and delete certain items, such as signposts, and access the context menu. It is located at the top of the project window, below the toolbar. In Engrave mode, the secondary toolbar contains the following options: Add to Selection Allows you to select additional notes/items without deselecting any notes/items already selected.
Layout and formatting Moving items graphically NOTE ● These steps do not apply to the following: text in text frames, accidentals, notes, clefs, barlines, key signatures, or time signatures shown on staves. ● You can only move some items and handles in specific directions. For example, you can move articulations upwards/downwards but not to the right/left. Similarly, you can only move the end handles on octave lines to the right/left.
Layout and formatting Moving items graphically Moving items with continuation or hold lines, such as playing techniques or figured bass, moves them both together. Moving continuation/hold lines or continuation/hold line handles moves the continuation/hold lines independently of the item. Dorico for iPad automatically lengthens hold lines between figured bass suspensions and resolutions when you move resolution figures.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs. text in text frames 2. ● Select the whole item and press Tab until the handle you want is selected. ● Click the handle you want. Optional: To select handles on other items, activate Add to Selection toolbar, then click handles on other items. in the secondary NOTE You cannot select subsequent handles on other items by selecting the items and pressing Tab .
Layout and formatting Text objects vs. text in text frames Text tokens Text tokens are codes that you can use as substitutes for information stored in your project, such as titles, composers, and the time and date. This can reduce the risk of mistakes or outdated information appearing in your project. Text tokens are also known as “wildcards” or “text codes”.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs. text in text frames Staff label tokens Music symbol Token Full staff labels of the players in the current layout {@staffLabelsFull@} Abbreviated staff labels of the players in the current layout {@staffLabelsShort@} You can use staff label tokens, for example, as an alternative way to name part layouts, instead of using the default {@layoutName@} token shown at the top left of the first page in part layouts.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs. text in text frames Changing the paragraph style of text on page 364 Moving items graphically on page 351 Erasing the background of text objects on page 364 Changing the property scope on page 128 Enabling/Disabling text collision avoidance You can change whether individual text objects automatically move to avoid collisions. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs. text in text frames EXAMPLE Text with no border Text with border shown RELATED LINKS Erasing the background of text objects on page 364 Changing the thickness of text object borders You can change the thickness of borders around individual text objects. PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the text objects whose border thickness you want to change. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Border thickness in the Text group. 3. Change the value in the value field.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs. text in text frames RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 Erasing the background of text objects You can erase the background of individual text and system text objects, for example, to ensure the text remains legible when crossing barlines. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1.
Layout and formatting Text objects vs. text in text frames PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, double-click the text object whose paragraph style you want to change to open the text editor. 2. Select a paragraph style from the paragraph style menu in the text editor. 3. Press Esc or Ctrl/Cmd - Return to close the text editor. RESULT The paragraph style of the selected text object is changed.
Layout and formatting Master pages Master pages Master pages function like templates in Dorico for iPad, allowing the same page formatting to be applied to multiple pages and in different layouts. NOTE Page size and margins, page orientation, and staff size for all layouts are specified in Layout Options. All pages in your scores and parts inherit their layout formats from master pages. However, in Dorico for iPad, you cannot edit master pages or create new ones; this is only available in Dorico Pro.
Layout and formatting Flow headings The default master page sets are applied automatically to the appropriate layouts in each new project. You can apply different master page sets to each layout independently. RELATED LINKS Flow headings on page 367 Applying master page sets to layouts on page 372 Flow headings Flow headings allow you to show the titles of flows immediately above their first system automatically.
Layout and formatting Frames In Dorico for iPad, there are the following types of frames: Music frames Music frames display the music of selected players and flows or blank staves. A music frame displaying the start of a piano piece Text frames Text frames display text, which you can enter directly or by using text tokens. A text frame displaying a project title, "Sechs Lieder" Graphics frames Graphics frames display the images that you load into them, which can be in a variety of formats.
Layout and formatting Music frame chains Master pages on page 366 Flow headings on page 367 Changing page margins on page 372 Music frame chains A music frame chain is a collection of music frames that show the same selection of music in a set order, often in sequence. Music frame chains can include any number of frames, including only a single music frame. The default master pages contain a single frame chain that is set to display all flows and all players in the layout.
Layout and formatting Page formatting if you override a master page, such as by editing the title directly in the music area, empty pages that are no longer required might not be deleted automatically. TIP The default master pages in Dorico for iPad contain tokens for the project title, lyricist, and composer on the first pages in layouts, and the flow title (score layouts) or layout name (part layouts) at the top of subsequent pages.
Layout and formatting Page formatting Changing the page size and/or orientation You can change the page size and/or orientation of each layout independently. For example, you can use a large, landscape page in full score layouts and a small, portrait page for part layouts. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Layout and formatting Page formatting Changing page margins You can change the page margins of each layout independently, for example, if you want wider margins for layouts in your project that will be spiral bound. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options. In the Layouts list, select the layouts in which you want to change the page margins.
Layout and formatting Page formatting 3. Click Page Setup in the category list. 4. In the Master Page section, select the master page set you want from the Master page set menu. 5. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT The selected master page set is applied to the selected layouts.
Layout and formatting Page formatting TIP You can also change the size of individual staves. RELATED LINKS Staff size on page 386 Brackets and braces on page 466 System objects on page 811 Changing the size of individual staves on page 387 Changing the default staff/system spacing You can change the default gaps between staves and systems in each layout independently.
Layout and formatting Page formatting Changing the vertical justification of staves/systems You can change the minimum fullness threshold above which Dorico for iPad automatically vertically justifies staves and systems, which means they are evenly distributed to fill the height of frames. You can also control whether staves and systems are both vertically justified or only systems are vertically justified. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L .
Layout and formatting Page formatting EXAMPLE A page with staves and systems both justified The same page with only systems justified RELATED LINKS Per-layout vertical spacing options on page 395 Changing the default staff/system spacing on page 374 Hiding/Showing blank staves after final flows on page 379 Hiding/Showing empty staves You can hide/show empty staves differently in each layout independently.
Layout and formatting Page formatting 5. Activate/Deactivate Allow individual staves of multi-staff instruments to be hidden. 6. Optional: For Players excluded from Hide Empty Staves, activate the checkbox for each instrument you want to be shown regardless of your choice for Hide empty staves. 7. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT Empty staves in the selected layouts are hidden/shown according to your choice.
Layout and formatting Page formatting RELATED LINKS Access to more features in Dorico for iPad on page 10 Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Frame breaks on page 391 System breaks on page 390 Staff spacing on page 395 Manual Staff Visibility dialog The Manual Staff Visibility dialog allows you to hide, show, and reset individual staves manually from system/frame breaks.
Layout and formatting Page formatting ● Show All: Activates all staves and sets them to Show. ● Hide All: Activates all staves and sets them to Hide. Hiding/Showing blank staves after final flows You can hide/show additional blank staves to fill the page after the final flow in each layout independently, for example, if you want to emulate the convention of showing additional blank staves between the final system and the bottom of the page when formatting part layouts for recording sessions.
Layout and formatting Page formatting Changing the horizontal justification of final systems on page 385 Staff labels on page 797 Brackets and braces on page 466 Starting layouts on left-hand pages By default, all layouts start on a right-hand page, as convention dictates that odd numbered pages are always on the right-hand page. However, you can set individual layouts to start on a left-hand page, for example, to facilitate page turns better in that layout. PROCEDURE 1. 2.
Layout and formatting Page formatting 5. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT Always start new page ensures flows in the selected layouts always begin at the start of the next page after the end of the previous flow. Allow on existing page allows flows in the selected layouts to continue immediately after each other, including within the same music frame if there is sufficient space. Flow headings are automatically shown above the start of flows if you have chosen to show flow headings in the selected layouts.
Layout and formatting Page formatting RESULT ● Choosing Never means the First master page is not used for any page in the selected layouts. ● Choosing First flow only means the First master page is used for the first page in the layout but no other pages, even if some subsequent flows start at the top of a page. ● Choosing Any flow starting at top of page means the First master page is used for all pages in the layout that begin with the start of a flow.
Layout and formatting Page formatting Changing when the First master page is used on page 381 Changing the margins above/below flow headings You can change the margins both above and below flow headings, which control the gap between the preceding flow and the flow heading, and the gap between the flow heading and the start of the next flow. PREREQUISITE Flow headings are shown in the layouts in which you want to change the margins above/below flow headings. PROCEDURE 1. 2.
Layout and formatting Page formatting Changing the default music frame margins on page 385 Hiding/Showing used chord diagrams grids on page 482 Hiding/Showing information in running headers above flow headings You can hide/show flow titles, page numbers, and flow page numbers separately when they appear above flow headings at the top of a new page in each layout independently. Hiding such information in running headers is a custom in publishing. PROCEDURE 1. 2.
Layout and formatting Page formatting Changing the default music frame margins You can change the default margins in all music frames in each layout independently. For example, you might want more padding at the top of music frames in part layouts containing lots of notes above the staff. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Layout and formatting Staff size 5. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT The automatic justification of the final systems in flows in the selected layouts is changed. TIP You can also change the width of individual systems independently of your default settings by changing their start/end positions.
Layout and formatting Staff size Changing the size of individual staves You can change the size of individual staves in each flow independently of other staves and your layout settings. For example, piano accompaniment parts often include the solo line of the instrument the piano is accompanying on a smaller staff.
Layout and formatting Staff size ● If the size of system object font styles is set to Staff-relative, the staff size of the top staff in each instrument family group affects the size of system objects if they are shown above that bracketed group. Font styles that are set to Absolute are unaffected by staff size.
Layout and formatting Casting off Casting off “Casting off” is the term used to encompass fixing the layout of pages of music, such as setting the number of systems per page. In Dorico for iPad, you can fix both the number of bars per system and the number of systems per music frame in each layout independently.
Layout and formatting System breaks ● 2. In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options. In the Layouts list, select the layouts in which you want to fix the number of systems per frame. By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Staves and Systems in the category list. 4.
Layout and formatting Frame breaks Inserting system breaks You can insert system breaks at any rhythmic position, for example, so that musical phrases fit in systems for readability. PREREQUISITE If you want to insert system breaks in the middle of multi-bar rests, you have either hidden multi-bar rests in the layout or split multi-bar rests at the required positions. PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select a note or item at the rhythmic position you want to appear at the start of the next system. 2.
Layout and formatting Frame breaks Frame breaks that you have inserted manually are indicated by signposts, which you can hide/ show at any time. They are also layout-specific, meaning each layout can have frame breaks at different rhythmic positions. TIP You can also control the content of music frames by fixing the number of systems per music frame in each layout.
Layout and formatting Note spacing Deleting frame breaks You can delete frame breaks after you have inserted them. PREREQUISITE Frame break signposts are shown. PROCEDURE 1. Select the frame break signposts of the frame breaks you want to delete. 2. Delete the selected frame breaks in any of the following ways: ● Press Backspace or Delete . ● In the secondary toolbar, click Delete .
Layout and formatting Note spacing RESULT The default note spacing is changed in the selected layouts. RELATED LINKS Changing the horizontal justification of final systems on page 385 Note Spacing page in Layout Options The Note Spacing page in Layout Options allows you to change the default values for note spacing in each layout independently. You can also change how full the final system in flows must be before it is automatically justified.
Layout and formatting Staff spacing Use optical spacing for beams between staves When activated, stems in cross-staff beams are evenly spaced, which can mean the noteheads are unevenly spaced. When deactivated, noteheads in cross-staff beams are evenly spaced, which can mean stems appear unevenly spaced.
Layout and formatting Staff spacing you have finished inputting notes and items, as this allows you to consider the entire project when setting these options. Depending on the context, the options are affected by automatic vertical justification in different ways: ● Staff to staff, Staff group to staff, Staff to staff group, Staff group to staff group, Inter-system gap, and Timecode staff to staff These gaps do not apply in frames that are automatically justified.
Layout and formatting Staff spacing ● Justify distance between staves and systems when frame is at least [n]% full: When frames are filled above this threshold, the staves and systems they contain are all automatically vertically justified, meaning they are evenly distributed to fill the height of the frame. Frames filled below this threshold are not automatically justified, instead staves follow your ideal gap settings. This can leave gaps between the bottom staff/system and the bottom of the frame.
Layout and formatting Tacets 2. ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options. In the Layouts list, select the layouts in which you want to change the staff spacing in galley view. By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Vertical Spacing in the category list. 4.
Layout and formatting Tacets You can change the text shown in tacets and the margin above/below them in each layout independently.
Layout and formatting Tacets Editing tacet text You can change the text shown in tacets in each layout independently. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options. In the Layouts list, select the layouts whose tacet text you want to edit. By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog.
Layout and formatting Condensing Condensing Condensing is the process of showing the music for multiple players on fewer staves than normal, usually by allowing multiple instruments of the same type to share a staff, such as Flutes 1-2 or Horns 1-4. In Dorico for iPad, you cannot enable automatic condensing as it is only available in Dorico Pro. However, if you import or open a project that contains layouts with condensing enabled, those staves remain condensed.
Layout and formatting Copying part formatting to other layouts 7. Click OK to copy part formatting to the selected layouts and close the dialog. RESULT Part formatting from the selected source layout is copied to the selected destination layouts. ● If you activated Include layout options, layout options are copied from the source layout to the destination layouts.
Layout and formatting Copying part formatting to other layouts The Propagate Part Formatting dialog contains the following sections and options: 1 Copy formatting from list Contains a list of all the part layouts in the project. You can only select a single part layout as the source layout. 2 Propagate formatting to list Contains a list of all the part layouts in the project. You can select multiple part layouts as destination layouts.
Read view Read view displays the current layout in a full page view with view options hidden, allowing you to play along with it, for example, on a piano. It supports turning pages in multiple ways. ● You can open Read view by clicking Application Menu or tapping the screen with four fingers. The Read view toolbar contains the following options: Close Closes Read view. Back to Start Navigates to the first page in the layout. Previous Page Navigates to the previous page in the layout.
Read view Opening/Closing Read view Page Slider Allows you to scroll through pages. Page Selector Allows you to navigate to the previous/next page in the layout or enter a page number directly. RELATED LINKS Toolbar on page 23 Opening/Closing Read view You can open/close Read view for the layout currently open in the music area. Read view always opens on the first page in the current layout. When you close Read view, the music area shows the last page shown in Read view.
Read view Turning pages in Read view RELATED LINKS Page formatting on page 369 Casting off on page 389 System breaks on page 390 Frame breaks on page 391 406 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Notation reference
Introduction This notation reference contains information about the accepted conventions for presenting different notations and how to change their appearance and placement in Dorico for iPad, both for individual items and by changing default settings. It also contains instructions for inputting more complex notations, such as cross-staff glissando lines, which are described in the corresponding chapter.
Accidentals Accidentals are shown beside notes to indicate their pitch, both when notated on a staff and written out in text. In music based in Western tonality, they usually show that the pitch of a note has been altered so that it does not conform to the current prevailing key signature. In Dorico for iPad, each note has its own fixed pitch that is independent of the prevailing key signature, and accidentals are automatically hidden and shown as appropriate.
Accidentals Hiding/Showing or parenthesizing accidentals NOTE ● Deleting accidentals causes accidentals to appear on any subsequent notes of the same pitch in the same bar. The pitches of selected notes are indicated by depressed keys in the Keyboard panel. ● To delete accidentals from a selection of notes with different accidentals, we recommend that you revert them all to natural by pressing 0 or clicking Natural in the Notes panel.
Accidentals Stacking of accidentals NOTE ● Hiding accidentals does not affect the pitch of notes in playback. ● If you are hiding/showing many accidentals, we recommend that you consider changing the accidental duration rule. ● You can assign key commands for different accidental hiding, showing, and parenthesizing commands on the Key Commands page in Preferences.
Accidentals Stacking of accidentals Accidental stacking rules for dense chords Dorico for iPad uses special stacking calculations in dense chords with multiple accidentals to ensure legibility. Chords are considered dense when they have six or more accidentals within the span of an octave. For dense chords, accidentals are stacked as follows: 1. The highest accidental is inserted in the first column to the left of the notes. 2.
Accidentals Stacking of accidentals 3. Change the value in the value field. RESULT The column of the selected accidentals is changed. Accidentals with lower Accidental column values are placed closer to noteheads, while accidentals with higher values are placed further from noteheads. If necessary, Dorico for iPad automatically changes the column of other accidentals at the same rhythmic position.
Accidentals Altered unisons Altered unisons Altered unisons occur when two or more notes of the same name in the same octave have different accidentals in the same chord, such as D♯ and D♭. In Dorico for iPad, this is notated with a split stem by default. Split stems show the main body of a chord with a stem branch coming off the main stem that connects noteheads in altered unisons to the chord. This allows all notes to appear with their corresponding accidental directly beside them.
Accidentals Microtonal accidentals TIP Split stem applies to individual notes. You can have altered unisons appear differently within the same chord by setting their properties independently. RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 Microtonal accidentals Microtonal accidentals indicate pitches beyond the standard accepted chromatic scale in Western tonality, such as a quarter sharp or quarter flat.
Accidentals Accidental duration rules Modernist The Modernist accidental duration rule states that only notes that have been altered from the key signature show accidentals. Naturals are not shown. However, accidentals that are shown only apply to the notes on which they are written, as with the Second Viennese School. Charles Ives and Robert Crumb used this variation.
Accidentals Accidental duration rules Hiding/Showing or parenthesizing cautionary accidentals You can hide/show cautionary accidentals, or show them in parentheses, in different circumstances by default in flows that use the common practice accidental duration rule. PREREQUISITE The flows in which you want to hide, show, or parenthesize cautionary accidentals use the common practice accidental duration rule. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Notation Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-N .
Accidentals Accidental duration rules By default, only the current flow is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other flows by clicking Select All in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple flows. 3. Click Accidentals in the category list. 4. In the Basic section, choose one of the following options for Single accidentals cancelling double accidentals: 5.
Articulations Articulations are markings that are drawn above or below notes and chords. Articulations tell a performer how to attack a note or how long to play a note relative to its notated duration. In Dorico for iPad, articulations are defined as something that alters the way a note is played, in a way that is consistent across all instruments.
Articulations Changing articulations Changing articulations You can change the articulations on notes after they have been input. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the note whose articulation you want to change. 2. Change the articulation in any of the following ways: ● Press the key command of the articulation you want. For example, press ] for staccato. ● Click the new articulation you want in the Notes panel. RESULT The new articulation is added.
Articulations Positions of articulations ● If an articulation cannot fit within a staff space, or if the note is placed high or low on the staff, the articulation is placed outside the staff. ● If a note or chord is tied and the tie is placed above or below the notehead, articulations that are placed on the notehead side of a note or chord are offset by an additional 1/4 space in order to avoid the end of the tie. Articulations on the notehead side are always centered horizontally on the notehead.
Articulations Positions of articulations Changing the positions of articulations on tie chains You can change where in tie chains articulations appear individually. By default, articulations of force and stress are shown on the first note/chord in tie chains, while articulations of duration are shown on the last note/chord. PROCEDURE 1. Select the tied notes/chords whose articulation position you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Articulations Articulations in playback Changing the placement of articulations relative to slurs You can change whether individual articulations of duration are placed inside or outside slur endpoints. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. NOTE These steps only apply to articulations of duration. They do not apply to articulations of force or stress. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1.
Bars Bars indicate a usually regular segment of time according to the number of beats, which is usually determined by the prevailing time signature. Bars are separated from other bars to the left and the right by vertical barlines. Each bar has a number, allowing players to keep track of their place in the music and aiding rehearsal. This is especially important in music for multiple players.
Bars Deleting bars/beats 3. Enter – (minus), followed by the number of bars or beats you want to delete into the popover. For example, enter –6 to delete six bars, meaning the bar you selected and the subsequent five bars, or -2q to delete two quarter note beats, starting from the selected rhythmic position. 4. Press Return to close the popover. RESULT The number of bars or beats specified is deleted. Just as when Insert mode is active, music to the right of the selection moves up to fill in the gap.
Bars Deleting bars/beats RELATED LINKS System track on page 316 Hiding/Showing the system track on page 317 Selecting bars with the system track on page 317 Insert mode on page 161 Signposts on page 332 Deleting empty bars at the end of flows You can trim flows by deleting any empty bars left at the end. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select an item in the flow you want to trim. 2. Open the bars and barlines popover in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-B .
Bars Splits in bars Splits in bars You can split bars rhythmically by changing the number of beats in each bar. You can split bars visually across system or frame breaks, which might be required in music with an irregular meter or in passages of polymeter. Splitting bars by inputting new time signatures You can split bars into two or more bars by changing the time signature at any rhythmic position.
Barlines Barlines are vertical lines that cross staves in order to show how music is divided into bars, according to the time signature. The most commonly used barline is the single barline between adjacent bars, but there are different types, such as double or repeat barlines. The final system in a piece in 12/8 containing, a key change with double barline, three normal barlines, and a final barline at the end Dorico for iPad automatically shows barlines as required for the current time signature.
Barlines Types of barlines RELATED LINKS Notation Options dialog on page 136 Types of barlines There are multiple types of barlines in Dorico for iPad, which can all be input, moved, and deleted in the same ways. Normal (Single) A standard single barline that spans the entire height of the staff. For single-line staves, the barline extends one space above and below the staff line by default.
Barlines Types of barlines End/Start repeat This line combines the start repeat and end repeat barlines, with either two single barlines with a single shared thick barline in the middle, or two thick barlines and no single barlines. On either side, there are either two or four repeat dots. It is used when a repeated section is immediately followed by another, separate repeated section.
Barlines Types of barlines RESULT The default barline type in the selected flows is changed. This does not override any explicit barlines you have input, such as repeat barlines in repeat endings, or the final barlines in the selected flows. RELATED LINKS Types of barlines on page 429 Input methods for bars, beats, and barlines on page 219 Repeat endings on page 738 Changing the default barline at the end of flows By default, Dorico for iPad uses final barlines at the end of flows.
Barlines Hiding/Showing systemic barlines on single-staff systems Hiding/Showing systemic barlines on single-staff systems By default, systemic barlines are shown at the start of systems containing two or more staves and hidden on single-staff systems. You can hide/show systemic barlines on single-staff systems after the first system. Showing systemic barlines on single-staff systems is a convention used in hand-copied lead sheets, usually in combination with no clefs being shown. PROCEDURE 1. 2.
Barlines Barlines across staff groups Barlines on individual staves Barlines across instrumental groups Barlines automatically extend across staff groups that are joined by a bracket or brace. Which staves are included in a bracket depends on the instrumentation and context, but usually staves for instruments from the same family, such as woodwind or strings, are bracketed together. Dorico for iPad automatically brackets staves according to the ensemble type set for each layout.
Barlines Barlines across staff groups Custom barline groups You can create custom barline joins and bracket groups by manually arranging your players into groups. If one or more players included in your group were previously in another group, any remaining instruments in their previous group remain grouped. You can put a single player in its own player group so they appear separately, for example, to separate the soloist from the remainder of the ensemble in a concerto.
Bar numbers Bar numbers provide a crucial reference point for music that has multiple players, and make the chronological sequence of the music clear. They indicate where players are in the piece, which allows them to co-ordinate themselves easily in rehearsals and concerts. Bar numbers can also be useful when preparing parts and scores, as you can use bar numbers and rehearsal marks to help you quickly compare a part to the score and check the music is correct.
Bar numbers Hiding/Showing bar number enclosures ● Every n bars ● Every bar ● None 5. Optional: If you chose Every n bars, set a custom frequency for bar numbers by changing the value for Interval. 6. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT Bar numbers are hidden in the selected layouts when you choose None, and shown at the corresponding frequency when you choose any other option. Changing the Interval value changes how frequently bar numbers are shown.
Bar numbers Hiding/Showing bar number ranges on multi-bar rests 5. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT Bar numbers in the selected layouts are shown within your selected enclosure type. The size of the enclosure is relative to the font size of the bar numbers, but the size and shape of the enclosure are also determined by your padding values.
Bar numbers Hiding/Showing guide bar numbers Hiding/Showing guide bar numbers You can hide/show guide bar numbers on every bar and above every system in page view and galley view independently, for example, to make it easier to check the bar number in scores with many staves. Guide bar numbers are not printed. PROCEDURE 1. In the secondary toolbar, click View Options to open the View Options dialog. 2.
Bar numbers Positions of bar numbers Positions of bar numbers Bar numbers are typically shown at the start of each system, above the staff, and aligned with the initial barline. You can change the default positions and frequency of bar numbers in each layout independently on the Bar Numbers page in Layout Options, and you can move individual bar numbers in Engrave mode. For example, you might want to show bar numbers every bar in full score layouts but only at the start of each system in part layouts.
Bar numbers Positions of bar numbers 2. ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options. In the Layouts list, select the layouts in which you want to change the vertical positions of bar numbers. By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3.
Bar numbers Positions of bar numbers 5. Optional: In the Placement subsection, change the value for Minimum distance from other objects. The default value is 3/4 of a space. 6. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT If you increase the values, bar numbers are positioned further away from the staff and/or other objects, either above or below the staff depending on your setting for Placement relative to staff. If you decrease the values, bar numbers are positioned closer to the staff and/or other objects.
Bar numbers Bar number changes Hiding bar numbers at time signatures shown at system object positions You can choose to hide bar numbers at the same rhythmic position as time signatures shown at system object positions, as the resulting collision can be difficult to resolve in a visually clear way when bar numbers are centered on barlines. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Bar numbers Bar number changes Primary Adds a change to the main bar number sequence, which the bars in your project follow in a continuous sequence in each flow separately by default. Subordinate Adds a secondary bar number sequence that uses letters rather than numbers to indicate the sequence. This can be useful in situations where a new version of a piece has been created with more bars inserted, but the original bar numbers are required.
Bar numbers Subordinate bar numbers This affects the corresponding bar number sequence from the changed bar number until the next bar number change, or until the end of the flow. RELATED LINKS Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Deleting bar number changes You can delete any bar number changes you have added. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the bar number changes you want to delete. 2. Delete the selected bar number changes in any of the following ways: ● Press Backspace or Delete .
Bar numbers Subordinate bar numbers ● An existing bar number or barline from which you want subordinate bar numbers to start. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Bar Numbers > Add Bar Number Change to open the Insert Bar Number Change dialog. 3. Choose Subordinate for Type to activate the Subordinate value field. 4. Change the first letter in the subordinate bar number sequence by changing the value in the Subordinate value field.
Bar numbers Bar numbers and repeats TIP You do not have to add subordinate bar number changes in chronological order. You can enter a return to the primary bar number sequence first, before adding the subordinate bar number sequence. Bar numbers and repeats By default in Dorico for iPad, repeats are not included in the bar number count.
Beaming A beam is a line that connects notes with tails to show rhythmic grouping, which varies according to the metrical structure of the current time signature. This way of grouping notes helps performers calculate quickly exactly how to play their given rhythm and helps them follow both their part and, if applicable, the conductor.
Beaming Beam groups Per-flow notation options for beam grouping You can find options to control the default beam grouping rules in each flow independently on the Beam Grouping page in Notation Options. Dorico for iPad has sophisticated underlying rules for producing beam groupings that follow the accepted conventions of music theory, including crossing the half-bar in time signatures like 4/4, beaming all eighth notes together in 3/4, beam groups that include tuplets, and many other situations.
Beaming Beam groups NOTE The duration of beam groups in Dorico for iPad depends on the beat grouping in the current time signature and your per-flow beam grouping settings in Notation Options. RELATED LINKS Note and rest grouping on page 464 Creating custom beat groupings for meters on page 464 Inputting time signatures with the popover on page 208 Notation Options dialog on page 136 Splitting beam groups You can split beams into two beam groups at specific rhythmic positions.
Beaming Beaming notes together manually Resetting beam grouping You can remove all changes made to the beam grouping of notes and chords. This can also be useful if, for example, MusicXML files you have imported have incorrect beaming. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes/chords whose beaming you want to reset. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Beaming > Reset Beaming.
Beaming Changing the direction of partial beams Beam grouping according to meters on page 448 Creating custom beat groupings for meters on page 464 Unbeaming notes You can separate all notes in a beamed group so that each note shows its own tail, for example, when fast rhythms have syllabic text settings. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes you want to make unbeamed. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Beaming > Make Unbeamed.
Beaming Beam placement relative to the staff Beam placement relative to the staff The default staff-relative placement of beams is determined by the staff positions of the notes within the beamed group and their resulting stem directions. This means that the note furthest from the middle line of the staff determines the placement of the beam, although there are exceptions to this rule and other considerations that can influence the staff-relative placement of beams.
Beaming Beam slants Removing beam placement changes You can undo changes to the staff-relative placement of beams in order to remove the stem direction change. This reverts selected beams to their default placement. PROCEDURE 1. Select at least one note in each of the beamed phrases whose staff-relative placement change you want to remove. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Stem > Remove Forced Stem.
Beaming Beam slants Determination of the amount of slant for a beam is therefore a balancing act that must weigh up several factors: the desired amount of slant, valid snapping positions for each end of the beam, ensuring a minimum distance between the note closest to the beam and the innermost beam line, and avoiding wedges where possible. In Dorico for iPad, you can change the beam slants of individual beams.
Beaming Centered beams Centered beams Centered beams are positioned between high and low notes within the same beamed group, typically drawn in the middle of the staff or between the staves of grand staff instruments. Centered beams are also known as “kneed” or “elbowed” beams due to their often angular shape. When a beamed phrase spans a large pitch range, normal beams are often positioned very close to some notes in the phrase but very far from other notes in the phrase, making some stems very long.
Beaming Creating cross-staff beams RESULT Beams are centered between the notes in the selected beam groups. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. If you select notes in multiple beams, each beam is centered separately. If you want to create a single centered beam, you can beam the notes in those beam groups together. You can do this both before and after centering the beams.
Beaming Creating cross-staff beams NOTE You can only cross notes to other staves held by the same player. 2. Cross the notes to other staves in any of the following ways: ● To cross notes to the staff above, press N . ● To cross notes to the staff below, press M . ● In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu Above. and choose Cross Staff > Cross to Staff ● In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu Below.
Beaming Creating cross-staff beams Changing to optical cross-staff beam spacing You can make the stems in cross-staff beams, rather than the noteheads, evenly spaced in each layout independently. This can make it easier to perceive the evenness of rhythmic spacing in cross-staff beams than when noteheads are evenly spaced. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Beaming Creating cross-staff beams A cross-staff beam across the upper two staves on an instrument with three staves A cross-staff beam across the lower two staves on an instrument with three staves If a beam group contains notes on all three staves, the placement of the beam depends on the stem directions of the notes in each staff. 1 If all notes in the beam group are stem-up, the beam is placed above the top staff.
Beaming Beam corners Beam corners Beam corners can occur when a change of stem direction within a beam is combined with a break in the secondary beam group. This can be at the end of a subdivision or at a change in rhythmic speed. Beam corners do not follow accepted rules regarding the order and rhythmic meaning of secondary beams, and can be confusing for the reader.
Beaming Secondary beams ● In the Properties panel, activate Split secondary beam in the Beaming group. NOTE The Beaming group is only shown in the Properties panel if your selection only contains notes. ● 3. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu Secondary Beam. and choose Beaming > Split In the Properties panel, select the note value that corresponds to the number of beam lines you want shown from the Split secondary beam menu.
Beaming Tuplets within beams Tuplets within beams Tuplets that contain notes that produce beams, such as eighth notes, are beamed together. However, special beam grouping rules apply to tuplets within beams that also contain non-tuplet notes. The default setting for a tuplet in a beamed group with secondary beams is to split the secondary beam and to show the tuplet with a bracket. The primary beam is not split. If necessary, you can hide/show tuplet brackets individually.
Beaming Fanned beams A syncopated phrase without stemlets The same phrase with stemlets In Dorico for iPad, you cannot add stemlets or change where they are shown. However, stemlets are shown if you import or open a project that contains them. RELATED LINKS Per-flow notation options for beam grouping on page 448 Fanned beams Fanned beams show either an accelerando or rallentando by having multiple beam lines either converging on, or diverging from, a single beam line at the other end.
Note and rest grouping There are generally accepted conventions for how notes and rests of different durations are notated and grouped in different contexts and meters. In Dorico for iPad, notes are automatically notated to fit within bars and are grouped according to your per-flow settings. Depending on the prevailing time signature, there can be many different ways to beam notes together.
Note and rest grouping Creating custom beat groupings for meters note (crotchet) groups. Because this creates a time signature with a half-bar, beam grouping options for time signatures with a half-bar apply. PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. 4. In Write mode, do one of the following: ● Start note input. ● Select an item at the rhythmic position where you want to input a time signature with custom beat grouping.
Brackets and braces Brackets and braces are thick straight and curved lines in the left-hand margin that show instrument groupings. Brackets A bracket is a thick black line, the width of a beam, that groups staves together, most commonly according to instrument family. It often has winged ends that point inwards towards the score. It is always positioned directly to the left of a systemic barline.
Brackets and braces Changing bracket grouping according to ensemble type A brace connecting two piano staves NOTE ● Staves cannot be bracketed and braced simultaneously. Therefore, braced staves are excluded from bracketed groups. They also cannot show sub-brackets or sub-sub-brackets. ● System objects are only shown above instrument families that are bracketed or braced together. ● Blank staves can only show brackets/braces when they are shown after final flows.
Brackets and braces Changing bracket grouping according to ensemble type 5. ● Wind band ● Big band ● British brass band Click Apply, then Close. RESULT The default bracket grouping is changed in the selected layouts. TIP ● There are further options for bracketing on the Brackets and Braces page, such as hiding/ showing brackets when there is only a single instrument in the bracket group and hiding/ showing braces when only a single staff is shown.
Brackets and braces Secondary brackets Big band Staves are bracketed according to their instrument family, except for brass instruments, which are all bracketed according to their instrument type. Rhythm section instruments are bracketed together. Percussion and timpani are bracketed together. British brass band Brass instruments are bracketed according to their instrument type, except for horns and trumpets, which are bracketed together.
Brackets and braces Secondary brackets Secondary bracket as a sub-bracket Secondary bracket as a brace NOTE You cannot show sub-sub-brackets in addition to braces, you can only show sub-sub-brackets in addition to sub-brackets. Hiding/Showing secondary brackets You can hide/show secondary brackets for adjacent identical instruments in bracketed groups in each layout independently. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L .
Brackets and braces Sub-sub-brackets Showing secondary brackets as sub-brackets/braces Secondary brackets extend beyond brackets, allowing you to mark groups of staves within a bracketed group. You can show secondary brackets as either braces positioned outside the bracket or as sub-brackets in each layout independently. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Chord symbols Chord symbols describe the vertical harmony of the music at a specific moment. They are frequently used in jazz and pop music, where players often improvise around chord progressions. Chord symbols shown above slashes on the Clarinet and Piano staves to help the players improvise around the notated Cornet melody. In Dorico for iPad, chord symbols exist globally at the corresponding rhythmic positions by default.
Chord symbols Chord components Chord components Chord symbols consist of a root and a quality, with intervals, alterations, and an altered bass note included if required. Root The root note of the chord, expressed either as a note name or as a specific degree of a scale. Quality Defines the type of chord, such as major, minor, diminished, augmented, halfdiminished, or with added note, such as six or nine. Interval Chord symbols can include one or more added intervals, such as a major seventh or ninth.
Chord symbols Positions of chord symbols Chord symbol regions on page 476 Hiding/Showing chord symbols You can hide/show chord symbols above particular staves or only within chord symbol/slash regions project-wide on a per-player basis. By default, chord symbols appear above rhythm section instrument staves, such as keyboards, guitars, and bass guitars. Any player on whose staff you input chord symbols is automatically set to show chord symbols for all instruments in the current layout. PROCEDURE 1.
Chord symbols Positions of chord symbols Hiding/Showing chord symbols in layouts You can hide/show chord symbols in different types of layouts. By default, chord symbols appear in all applicable layouts for rhythm section instruments. NOTE If chord symbols are hidden for all instruments in the current layout, signposts are shown above the top staff. PROCEDURE 1. In Setup mode, select a player in the Players panel. 2.
Chord symbols Chord symbol regions Hiding/Showing chord symbols in layouts on page 475 Chord symbol regions on page 476 Chord symbol regions Chord symbol regions specify passages where you want to show chord symbols. They are particularly useful for players and layouts that do not need chord symbols for most of the project but have improvisation sections that require chord symbols to be shown.
Chord symbols Hiding/Showing the root and quality of chord symbols Hiding/Showing the root and quality of chord symbols You can hide the root and quality of chord symbols if they follow another chord symbol with the same root and quality, but have a different altered bass note. PROCEDURE 1. Select the chord symbols whose root and quality you want to hide. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Hide root and quality in the Chord Symbols group. 3.
Chord symbols Respelling chord symbols Respelling chord symbols You can change the enharmonic spelling of chord symbols for transposing instruments, for example, to choose a simpler enharmonic equivalent spelling. This changes the enharmonic spelling of chord symbols in all transposing layouts and for all instruments with the same transposition. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, open a layout with the transposition for which you want to respell chord symbols.
Chord symbols Chord symbols imported from MusicXML Resetting the enharmonic spelling of chord symbols You can remove enharmonic spelling overrides for chord symbols you have respelled and return them to their default spelling. You can remove overrides for instruments with a single transposition only, such as instruments in B♭, or for all instrument transpositions. PROCEDURE 1. 2. In Write mode, select the chord symbol whose spelling you want to reset.
Chord diagrams Chord diagrams represent the pattern of strings and frets on fretted instruments and use dots to indicate the stopped finger positions required to produce the corresponding chord. This demonstrates the specific shape of chords in a compact way and is useful if a particular voicing is required. In Dorico for iPad, chord diagrams are part of chord symbols, meaning you can show them below chord symbols wherever they are shown.
Chord diagrams Chord diagram components Chord diagram components Chord diagrams use a combination of symbols, dots, and lines to convey the information about strings, fret positions, and finger positions that performers require to play the corresponding chord. 1 Omitted string Indicates a string that must not sound. 2 Open string Indicates a string that must sound but must be left open, that is, not stopped.
Chord diagrams Hiding/Showing used chord diagrams grids PROCEDURE 1. In Setup mode, select a player in the Players panel for whom you want to hide/show chord diagrams. 2. In the action bar, click Player Settings and choose one of the following options: ● To show chord diagrams, choose Chord Diagrams > [Fretted instrument and tuning]. For example, to show chord diagrams for a guitar in DADGAD tuning, choose Chord Diagrams > DADGAD guitar tuning.
Chord diagrams Hiding/Showing used chord diagrams grids PREREQUISITE ● If you want to show chord diagrams using a custom fretted instrument tuning, you have imported the tuning or changed the tuning of a fretted instrument in the project accordingly. ● We recommend that you have input chord symbols and changed the shape of any chord symbols you want to appear with a specific voicing.
Chord diagrams Changing the chord diagram shape RELATED LINKS Edit Strings and Tuning dialog on page 90 Changing the open pitches of fretted instrument strings on page 92 Creating new chord diagram shapes on page 485 Hiding/Showing systemic barlines on single-staff systems on page 432 Changing page margins on page 372 Changing the chord diagram shape You can change the chord diagram shape shown at individual rhythmic positions, for example, if you require a shape with a different voicing.
Chord diagrams Creating new chord diagram shapes Choose Chord Diagram dialog The Choose Chord Diagram dialog allows you to view all available chord diagram shapes for the selected chord and select the one you want to use. ● You can open the Choose Chord Diagram dialog in Write mode by selecting a chord diagram and pressing Shift-Opt-Q .
Chord diagrams Creating new chord diagram shapes For example, you can change open strings to omitted strings or change the stopped fret position on strings to change the corresponding string pitch. 5. Optional: If you want the shape to be available for chords with different start fret positions, activate Chord may be moved along the neck. 6. Click Save, then Close. RESULT The new shape is saved and is used for the selected chord diagram.
Chord diagrams Creating new chord diagram shapes Displays the name of the chord whose chord diagram you are editing in the dialog. You cannot change this name. 2 Tuning Displays the fretted instrument and tuning for the current chord diagram. 3 Chord may be moved along the neck Allows you to specify whether or not the shape of the chord diagram can be reused at other fret positions, for example, by playing open strings with a barré at higher fret positions.
Clefs Clefs are the symbol at the start of every system that give the notes on the staff context; that is, the clef tells you which note of the scale applies to each line or space of the staff. To minimize the number of ledger lines required for notes, different clefs are typically used according to the register of instruments. The common clefs are: ● Treble clef, or G clef, whose spiral shape centers around G, normally the G above middle C.
Clefs General placement conventions for clefs General placement conventions for clefs Clefs are placed at the start of every system, with a small gap between the start of the staff and the left edge of the clef. Their vertical placement must be precise, as this signifies which pitches are intended by the subsequent notes on the staff. Clef changes that occur during a piece are usually smaller than the clefs shown at the start of each system.
Clefs Hiding/Showing clefs according to layout transpositions EXAMPLE Treble clef before grace notes Treble clef after grace notes to align with bass clef RELATED LINKS General placement conventions for clefs on page 489 Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Hiding/Showing clefs according to layout transpositions You can show individual clefs only in layouts that are either concert or transposed pitch.
Clefs Changing the octave of clefs Changing the octave of clefs You can change the octave transposition of individual clefs, for example, to accommodate different horn and bass clarinet transposition conventions. You can change the octaves of clefs in concert pitch and transposed pitch layouts independently. PREREQUISITE ● If you want to change the octave of initial clefs, you have input clefs at the start of each flow or overridden the default clefs in the required layouts.
Clefs Clefs with octave indicators RELATED LINKS Transposing instruments on page 78 Concert vs. transposed pitch on page 102 Octave lines on page 493 Input methods for clefs and octave lines on page 239 Changing the octave of clefs on page 491 Respecting/Ignoring clef octave indicators Traditionally, clef octave indicators were used as a reminder of transposing instruments; however, in more recent music, some composers use clef octave indicators as an alternative to octave lines for extended passages.
Octave lines Octave lines indicate where notes are played higher/lower than they appear in the score or part. They are dashed or dotted horizontal lines with an italic numeral at the start. The numeral indicates the number of pitches by which the phrase is changed, such as 8 for one octave and 15 for two octaves. Octave lines that indicate notes are played higher than notated are placed above the staff, while octave lines that indicate notes are played lower than notated are placed below the staff.
Octave lines Positions of octave lines Positions of octave lines By default, octave lines that indicate notes are played higher than written are placed above the staff, while octave lines that indicate notes are played lower than written are placed below the staff. You can move octave lines to new rhythmic positions in Write mode. They are automatically positioned to avoid collisions. You can move octave lines graphically in Engrave mode, but this does not change the rhythmic positions to which they apply.
Octave lines Octave lines in Engrave mode PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the octave lines whose numeral alignment relative to accidentals you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate L position in the Octave Lines group. 3. Choose one of the following options: ● Notehead ● Accidental RESULT The alignment of the numerals of the selected octave lines is changed.
Octave lines Tucking index properties longer than the tuplet bracket, the slur is placed outside the tuplet bracket; if the tuplet bracket is longer than the slur, the slur is placed inside the tuplet bracket. However, rules for the order and placement of articulations, slurs, tuplets, and octave lines frequently vary, based on their lengths and musical context. Therefore, you can override the automatic order and manually change the order in which they appear in specific contexts.
Cues Cues are passages of music shown in instrumental parts that are played by a different player, usually to help orientate players before entries or solos following a significant passage of rests. Cues can also be used to assist with co-ordination or tuning between players, or to indicate material that the player might be asked to double. A cue in a timpani part showing music from the bassoons NOTE In Dorico for iPad, you cannot input or edit cues.
Dynamics Dynamics indicate the loudness of the music, and can be combined with other instructions to give the performer a detailed understanding of how to perform the music, while also leaving room for interpretation. Dynamics can indicate an immediate change in volume or a gradual change over a specified duration. By default, they are placed below the staff for instruments and above the staff for voices.
Dynamics Positions of dynamics In Dorico for iPad, a hairpin can be shown as messa di voce, which shows a pair of hairpins. In some cases, this is easier than having separate lines for each half of the pair. Force/Intensity of attack These dynamics, such as and , indicate that a note has a stronger attack than is usually expected for the dynamic, similar to an accent articulation. Combined dynamics Combined dynamics, such as or –, specify a sudden change of dynamic.
Dynamics Positions of dynamics Moving notes/items rhythmically on page 337 Moving items graphically on page 351 Changing the horizontal beat-relative position of dynamics You can position individual dynamics before or after the beat. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the dynamics whose position relative to the beat you want to change.
Dynamics Positions of dynamics 2. In the Properties panel, activate Text alignment in the Dynamics group. 3. Choose one of the following options: ● Align optical center with notehead ● Left-align with notehead ● Align optical center with left of notehead RESULT The alignment of the selected immediate dynamics is changed. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Dynamics Positions of dynamics The hairpin ends are not aligned because the barline does not extend beyond the bottom staff You can allow/disallow hairpins across barlines if the hairpin ends on the first note in the next bar. Disallowing hairpins across barlines ensures hairpins appear the same length on all staves.
Dynamics Showing dynamics in parentheses Showing dynamics in parentheses You can show individual dynamics in parentheses, for example, to show editorial dynamics that were not in the original manuscript. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the dynamics you want to appear parenthesized. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Dynamics Erasing the background of dynamics EXAMPLE Dynamic with non-erased background Dynamic with erased background AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can change the padding between dynamics and each edge of their erased areas.
Dynamics Changing dynamic levels Changing dynamic levels You can change the levels of dynamics without reopening the dynamics popover and for multiple different dynamics simultaneously, for example, if you want to increase the dynamic level of all dynamics in a phrase. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the dynamics whose dynamic level you want to change. 2.
Dynamics Hiding/Showing combined dynamic separators RELATED LINKS Dynamic modifiers on page 508 Changing the property scope on page 128 Signposts on page 332 Hiding/Showing combined dynamic separators You can hide/show different separators in combined dynamics individually, independently of your project-wide setting. For example, if you want to separate some dynamics with slashes. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains.
Dynamics Niente hairpins PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the and/or dynamics whose appearance you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate rfz/sfz style in the Dynamics group. 3. Choose one of the following options: ● ● RESULT The appearance of the selected and/or dynamics is changed.
Dynamics Dynamic modifiers Showing consecutive hairpins as continuous on page 513 Changing the appearance of niente hairpins You can show niente hairpins in two ways in Dorico for iPad, and you can change how they appear individually. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the hairpins whose niente style you want to change.
Dynamics Dynamic modifiers Hiding/Showing immediate dynamics on page 505 Adding poco a poco text to gradual dynamics on page 515 Changing the appearance/position of subito modifiers on page 509 Showing modifiers centered inside hairpins on page 510 Changing the appearance of sforzando/rinforzando dynamics on page 506 Showing consecutive hairpins as continuous on page 513 Adding modifiers to existing dynamics You can add modifiers both before and after dynamics after they have been input, for example, if yo
Dynamics Dynamic modifiers PROCEDURE 1. Select the dynamics whose subito modifier appearance and/or position you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Subito style in the Dynamics group and choose one of the following options: 3. 4. ● subito ● sub. Optional: If you selected dynamics that include at least one , activate Subito forte style and choose one of the following options: ● sub.
Dynamics Gradual dynamics EXAMPLE Modifier (molto) below a hairpin Modifier (molto) centered inside hairpin RELATED LINKS Adding modifiers to existing dynamics on page 509 Changing the erasure padding of dynamics on page 504 Showing consecutive hairpins as continuous on page 513 Changing the property scope on page 128 Gradual dynamics Gradual dynamics indicate a change in volume that happens incrementally over the specified duration.
Dynamics Gradual dynamics Gradual dynamics in Engrave mode In Engrave mode, each hairpin has multiple handles that you can move to adjust their graphical position, length, angle, and aperture. ● The middle handles at the start/end of hairpins change their start/end offset positions. Moving one handle middle handle changes the angle of the hairpin. ● The pair of outer handles at the start/end of hairpins adjusts the corresponding aperture.
Dynamics Gradual dynamics 2. In the Properties panel, activate Gradual style in the Dynamics group. 3. Select one of the following options from the menu: 4. 5. ● Hairpin ● cresc./dim. ● cresc... ● cre - scen - do Optional: Customize the appearance of the selected gradual dynamics in one of the following ways, depending on their Gradual style: ● If you selected Hairpin, activate Hairpin line style and choose one of the available options. ● If you selected cresc./dim., cresc...
Dynamics Gradual dynamics RESULT Consecutive hairpins of the same direction in the selected groups appear as a single continuous hairpin. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Dynamics Gradual dynamics Changing the size of flared ends on hairpins You can change the height and width of flared ends on individual hairpins. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the flared hairpins whose flare size you want to change. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Flare size in the Dynamics group. 3.
Dynamics Gradual dynamics EXAMPLE Text gradual dynamic with poco a poco Hairpin gradual dynamic with poco a poco AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can show poco a poco text centered inside hairpins. RELATED LINKS Dynamic modifiers on page 508 Showing modifiers centered inside hairpins on page 510 Gradual dynamic spacing Dorico for iPad ensures that hairpins can always be clearly distinguished by giving hairpins a minimum default length. However, this can affect note spacing.
Dynamics Gradual dynamics RELATED LINKS Lengthening/Shortening items on page 322 Moving items graphically on page 351 Note spacing on page 393 Gradual dynamics truncated by immediate dynamics A hairpin is automatically truncated if an immediate dynamic is positioned within its range, either before or after the hairpin is input. The hairpin remains tied to its originally designated rhythmic positions, even if graphically it appears shorter.
Dynamics Groups of dynamics Groups of dynamics Groups of dynamics are automatically aligned in a row and can be moved and edited as a group. When you move immediate dynamics within a group, the length of the hairpins on either side automatically adjust to compensate. A group of dynamics The same group of dynamics adjusts to compensate when the middle dynamic moves rhythmically. A single dynamic, either immediate or gradual, is considered a group on its own.
Dynamics Linked dynamics 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Dynamics > Group Dynamics. RESULT The selected dynamics are grouped together. If the first dynamic in the group is linked to other staves, all dynamics in the group are added to those staves. This applies to all layouts in which the dynamics appear.
Dynamics Linked dynamics If one staff has another immediate dynamic before the end of a hairpin, the hairpin is truncated automatically. If you delete such a dynamic, the hairpin extends automatically up to the next immediate dynamic or to its full length, whichever comes first. Two staves with linked dynamics, but the lower staff has another immediate dynamic that truncates the hairpin.
Dynamics Linked dynamics RELATED LINKS Groups of dynamics on page 518 Copying and pasting notes/items on page 335 Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Unlinking dynamics You can unlink dynamics, including dynamics that were linked automatically. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select a dynamic in each linked group that you want to unlink. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Dynamics > Unlink. RESULT All dynamics in the linked groups are unlinked.
Figured bass Figured bass is a shorthand that uses figures to specify the harmony above the notated bass notes. It is particularly common in Baroque and early Classical music and in the parts of accompanying instruments, such as harpsichords and viols. Figured bass informs performers about the intended harmony but allows room for interpretation, such as improvised arpeggiated phrases using notes from the chord.
Figured bass Hiding/Showing figured bass in layouts Changing the staff-relative placement of figured bass on page 527 Appearance of figured bass on page 528 Hiding/Showing figured bass in layouts You can hide/show figured bass in each layout independently and only above the staves of specific players. For example, you can show figured bass in the full score and bass part layouts but hide figured bass in the other part layouts.
Figured bass Showing figured bass on rests PROCEDURE 1. Select the figured bass figures you want to hide, or the signposts of figures you want to show. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate/deactivate Hidden in the Figured Bass group. RESULT The selected figured bass figures are hidden when Hidden is activated, and shown when it is deactivated. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Figured bass Figured bass hold lines Figured bass hold lines Figured bass hold lines indicate that chords remain the same over changing notes in the bass. Dorico for iPad can show hold lines for figures that have duration. By default, Dorico for iPad does not show hold lines between suspensions and resolutions or after resolutions. You can hide/show hold lines for individual figures.
Figured bass Positions of figured bass EXAMPLE Suspension hold line hidden Suspension hold line shown RELATED LINKS Showing figured bass on rests on page 524 Lengthening/Shortening items on page 322 Positions of figured bass Figured bass is automatically organized into rows according to the number of rows required in each system independently. By default, rows are aligned at the top when below the staff and at the bottom when above the staff to minimize the gap between figured bass and the staff.
Figured bass Positions of figured bass NOTE ● A single figure includes all numbers at that position. For example, you cannot select and move the 6 in a 6,4 figure independently of the 4. ● If you want to move handles at the start/end of figured bass hold lines because you want to change their length, we recommend that you lengthen/shorten them rhythmically first before refining their graphical length.
Figured bass Appearance of figured bass TIP You can also change the staff-relative placement of individual figured bass figures by selecting them and pressing F . If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Figured bass Appearance of figured bass Simplifying figured bass compound intervals You can simplify compound intervals in individual figured bass figures, that is, figures 9 and above. Some editions prefer to simplify compound intervals so figures reflect the first octave and appear out of order in the stack. PROCEDURE 1. Select the compound figured bass figures you want to simplify. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Figured bass Appearance of figured bass RELATED LINKS Key Commands page in the Preferences dialog on page 36 Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Resetting figured bass You can reset individual figured bass figures, for example, if they were input with the figured bass input setting Follow input literally. Reset figures follow the default settings in Dorico for iPad. PROCEDURE 1. Select the figured bass figures you want to reset. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Fingering Fingerings can be added to music to recommend which fingers players should use for notes. This can be useful for music aimed at players learning the instrument and for difficult musical passages where certain fingering patterns make the notes much easier to play. Fingerings are often used in keyboard music, as players can use all ten fingers to play notes, and in guitar music, where fingerings are often used alongside fret positions.
Fingering General placement conventions for fingering General placement conventions for fingering Fingerings are placed as close as possible to the notes to which they apply, so the performer can read them easily and clearly. In music for grand staff instruments, such as the piano and harp, it is accepted to place fingerings for the right hand above the top staff, and fingerings for the left hand below the bottom staff.
Fingering Changing existing fingerings Changing the rhythmic position of substitution fingerings Substitution fingerings are shown as immediate by default, meaning that the substitution takes place on the same note, but you can change the rhythmic position at which individual substitutions take place. PROCEDURE 1. Select the substitution fingering whose deferred rhythmic position you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Fingering Changing the staff-relative placement of fingerings RESULT The selected fingerings are changed. TIP You can also change existing fingerings in Write mode by opening the fingerings popover. Any existing fingerings on the selected note are shown in the popover.
Fingering Changing the staff-relative placement of fingerings Showing fingerings inside the staff You can show individual fingerings belonging to non-fretted instruments beside noteheads inside the staff. NOTE ● These steps only apply to non-fretted instruments. Left-hand fingerings for fretted instruments are shown inside the staff by default. ● These steps do not apply to substitution fingerings. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes whose fingerings you want to show inside the staff. 2.
Fingering Changing the size of fingerings NOTE If fingerings also coincide with the first note or last note of slurs, fingerings are positioned outside all of these notations. RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 Changing the size of fingerings You can change the size of fingerings individually without changing the size of the noteheads to which they apply. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains.
Fingering Hiding/Showing fingering RESULT The selected fingerings are shown with the chosen decoration. EXAMPLE Fingering with circle Fingering with underline RELATED LINKS String indicators on page 549 Hiding/Showing fingering You can hide/show fingering in each layout independently. For example, you can show fingering in part layouts but hide fingering in full score layouts as conductors rarely require fingering information. PROCEDURE 1. 2.
Fingering Deleting fingerings Deleting fingerings You can remove fingerings from notes after you have input them. However, because fingerings are properties of notes rather than separate items in Dorico for iPad, you cannot select and delete them as you would for other items. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes from which you want to remove fingerings. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Fingering > Reset Fingering.
Fingering Fingerings for fretted instruments Changing the appearance of cautionary fingerings You can change the appearance of cautionary fingerings individually, for example, if you want particular fingerings to appear without parentheses or to hide specific cautionary fingerings. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. NOTE These steps only apply to cautionary fingerings.
Fingering Fingerings for fretted instruments A passage for guitar with right-hand and left-hand fingerings Right-hand fingering Right-hand fingerings tell the performer which finger to use to pluck the string, which is usually the right hand. By default, all right-hand fingerings are placed outside the staff, on the notehead side of notes, and follow the stem directions of voices in multiple-voice contexts.
Fingering Fingerings for fretted instruments Hiding/Showing brackets for right-hand fingerings When multiple notes in the same chord are plucked by the same right-hand finger, you can show the same fingering multiple times, once for each note, or show a single fingering for all notes with a bracket spanning the notes plucked by that finger. When showing a separate fingering for each note, you can also choose to place each fingering either above or below the staff.
Fingering Fingerings for fretted instruments Changing the position of left-hand fingerings You can change the position of individual left-hand fingerings. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. By default, they are positioned inside the staff and to the left of the notes to which they apply. NOTE These steps only apply to left-hand fingerings belonging to fretted instruments.
Fingering Fingering slides PREREQUISITE You have input the arpeggio signs to which you want to add fingerings. PROCEDURE 1. Select the arpeggio signs belonging to fretted instruments to which you to add fingerings. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Finger in the Plucked Fingering group. 3. Enter the fingering you want into the value field. For example, for the thumb, enter p. RESULT The specified fingering is added to the selected arpeggio signs.
Fingering Fingering slides Fingering slides automatically avoid obstructions, such as noteheads, accidentals, and other fingerings. NOTE ● Dorico for iPad automatically adjusts the length/angle of fingering slides when you move the fingerings at the start/end. ● In Dorico for iPad, you can only show fingering slides on staves belonging to fretted instruments. You can show string fingering shift indicators on staves belonging to other string instruments.
Fingering Fingering slides Hiding/Showing fingering slides You can hide/show slides between notes played by the same left-hand finger on the same string on fretted instruments. NOTE These steps only apply to fingerings belonging to fretted instruments. PREREQUISITE ● You have input the same left-hand fingering for the notes at the start and end of the slides. ● You have specified the same string for the notes at the start and end of the slides. PROCEDURE 1.
Fingering Fingerings for valved brass instruments RESULT The length of the selected fingering slides is changed. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Fingering Hiding/Showing string fingering shift indicators ● B flat ● F alto ● E flat alto ● Thumb trigger RESULT Branch indicators are added to the selected fingerings. RELATED LINKS Inputting fingerings on page 197 Hiding/Showing string fingering shift indicators You can hide/show shift indicators after individual fingerings. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains.
Fingering Fingerings imported from MusicXML files Changing the direction of string fingering shift indicators You can change the direction of individual string fingering shift indicators if they do not point in the direction required. PROCEDURE 1. Select the shift indicators whose direction you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Shift direction in the Fingering and Positions group. 3.
String indicators String indicators are commonly used in guitar music to tell performers the string on which they should play a note, particularly for pitches that are possible on multiple strings. String indicators show the string number inside a circle enclosure, optionally with a dashed line to indicate they apply to a range of notes. Open pitches commonly appear as a zero without an enclosure.
String indicators Deleting string indicators In Dorico for iPad, string indicators inside the staff are considered properties of the corresponding notes. You can only select them independently of their corresponding notes in Engrave mode.
String indicators Positions of string indicators Positions of string indicators String indicators outside the staff are placed above it by default. In multiple-voice contexts, string indicators for the up-stem voices are placed above the staff and string indicators for the down-stem voices are placed below the staff. String indicators inside the staff automatically erase their backgrounds so they do not collide with staff lines.
String indicators Positions of string indicators EXAMPLE String indicators to the left of noteheads String indicators to the right of noteheads RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 552 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Front matter Front matter in Dorico for iPad is a broad term that covers all information included before the first bar of music in scores.
Front matter Project information used in default master pages Text tokens on page 355 Hiding/Showing flow headings on page 382 554 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Grace notes Grace notes are notes without a fixed duration, which are intended to be played quickly. They are scaled-down versions of normal notes, and are commonly shown with a slash through their stem. Grace notes with slashed stems are known as acciaccaturas and are often played very fast. Grace notes without slashed stems are known as appoggiaturas and are often played slower than acciaccaturas.
Grace notes General placement conventions for grace notes General placement conventions for grace notes Grace notes function like normal notes in many ways, but there are some specific conventions about their stem direction, position relative to noteheads, and the placement of stem slashes. Grace notes appear stem up by default, except when there are multiple voices with grace notes in a single staff, in which case grace notes in the lower voices appear stem down.
Grace notes Showing grace notes before/after barlines RELATED LINKS Changing the stem direction of notes on page 821 Slur placement relative to grace notes on page 773 Showing grace notes before/after barlines By default, grace notes are positioned after barlines and directly before the notehead to which they apply, including for the first note in a bar.
Grace notes Grace note slashes Grace note slashes Slashes shown diagonally across grace note stems are often used to distinguish different types of grace notes. Grace notes with slashed stems are known as acciaccaturas and are often played very fast. Grace notes without slashed stems are known as appoggiaturas and are often played slower than acciaccaturas. In Dorico for iPad, grace notes appear with slashed stems by default.
Grace notes Grace note stems RESULT Increasing Slash inset from stem tip moves grace note slashes further from the tips of stems and closer to the noteheads. Decreasing the value moves them closer to the tips of stems and further from the noteheads. Increasing Slash offset to right moves grace note slashes to the right, decreasing the value moves them to the left. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Grace notes Grace note beams the stem direction of individual grace notes manually. You can also lengthen/shorten grace note stems in the same ways as for normal stems. RELATED LINKS Stems on page 819 Grace note slashes on page 558 Changing the stem direction of notes on page 821 Lengthening/Shortening stems on page 823 Hiding stems on page 824 Grace note beams Dorico for iPad automatically beams multiple adjacent grace notes together if they are an eighth note (quaver) or shorter in duration.
Holds and pauses Different notations are used to show where the established rhythmic flow of the music is interrupted, either with a moment of repose or a short silence, before continuing. The most subtle effect is produced by a tenuto mark, with more significant effects denoted with holds and pauses. The duration of the break in the music intended by the hold or pause does not need to be specified.
Holds and pauses Types of holds and pauses Fermata Description Short fermata (Henze) Indicates that a note is held a little bit longer than the rhythm indicates, as used by Hans Werner Henze. Fermata Indicates that a note is held for longer than the rhythm indicates. Long fermata Indicates that a note is held quite a lot longer than the rhythm indicates. Long fermata (Henze) Indicates that a note is held quite a lot longer than the rhythm indicates, as used by Hans Werner Henze.
Holds and pauses Positions of holds and pauses Types of caesuras There are different types of caesuras available in Dorico for iPad. All caesuras indicate a break in sound, but different types are often needed for different styles of musical scores.
Holds and pauses Positions of holds and pauses Caesuras Caesuras are positioned at the top of the staff, with the top staff line passing through the middle of the caesura and the bottom of the caesura resting on the second staff line. They are commonly placed at the end of a bar, before the barline. Caesuras are automatically added to all staves at the same rhythmic position, immediately to the left of the notehead or barline to which they were input.
Holds and pauses Positions of holds and pauses Changing the number of fermatas per staff You can change the maximum number of fermatas that appear on each staff at individual positions when there are multiple voices on a staff. PROCEDURE 1. Select the fermatas whose maximum number per staff you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Max. fermatas per staff in the Holds and Pauses group. 3.
Key signatures Key signatures are the markings that show the current key of music by indicating which notes in the scale for that key are sharpened or flattened. They are shown at the start of each system on every applicable staff. Traditionally, accidentals are organized following the pattern of the circle of fifths, which is different for sharp keys and flat keys.
Key signatures Key signature arrangements Key signature arrangements Dorico for iPad automatically follows conventions for the placement and appearance of key signatures, such as showing accidentals in the accepted circle of fifths order and positioning key signatures between clefs and time signatures. The order in which accidentals are shown in key signatures is different for sharp keys and flat keys.
Key signatures Positions of key signatures Therefore, if you input an F♯/G♭ after a G minor key signature, Dorico for iPad prefers to spell it as F♯ in most cases, in order to follow the convention of harmonic minor keys.
Key signatures Enharmonic equivalent key signatures If a key signature change occurs during a piece or movement, it should be placed immediately after a barline. It is customary to have a double barline where a key signature change takes place, which is the default setting in Dorico for iPad. Examples of key signatures positioned after double barlines You can move key signatures to new rhythmic positions in Write mode. They are automatically positioned correctly.
Key signatures Enharmonic equivalent key signatures Instruments that do not show a key signature Some instruments are accustomed to seeing no key signatures in their parts, no matter the overall key of the piece. These instruments include timpani, percussion, horn, trumpet, and sometimes the harp. If you have input the No key sig version of these instruments, then no key signature is shown in their parts, even if they are a transposing instrument, such as horn or trumpet.
Key signatures Cautionary key signatures Cautionary key signatures When a key signature change occurs at a system break, either in the score or in a part, the new key signature is shown at the end of the first system as well as at the start of the new system. This is sometimes considered a “cautionary key signature”, as players become used to seeing the key signature at the start of the system and therefore may miss a change of key signature if it is not conspicuously shown at the end of systems.
Key signatures Tonality systems Other tonality systems can have different equal divisions of the octave, for example, in 24-EDO each octave division is a quarter tone. However, the only tonality system in Dorico for iPad is 12-EDO. RELATED LINKS Custom tonality systems on page 572 Custom tonality systems Custom tonality systems allow you to specify a unique number of divisions of the octave for your project. This can be useful for music not based on traditional Western harmony.
Lyrics In Dorico for iPad, the term lyrics is used for all text that is sung by singers. To differentiate sung text from any other forms of text that often appear in musical scores, other forms of text are referred to as performance instructions, tempos, dynamics, and so on. Lyrics for a soprano duet with basso continuo accompaniment In Dorico for iPad, lyrics were designed so that it is simple to make changes to existing lyrics without having to re-input new lyrics each time.
Lyrics Filters for lyrics The horizontal spacing of lyrics must be wide enough so that words or syllables do not overlap with the words or syllables on either side. For this reason, note spacing must sometimes be adjusted to accommodate lyrics. To reduce how severely the note spacing is changed to accommodate lyrics, which can distort the appearance of rhythms, Dorico for iPad allows the alignment of some lyrics to be adjusted relative to their corresponding notes.
Lyrics Types of lyrics Below Staff Selects all lyrics below the staff in the current selection. You can use this filter in addition to the other filters. For example, you can filter first by line number, and then filter again by staff-relative placement. Chorus Selects all chorus lyrics in the current selection. Translations Selects all translation lyrics in the current selection.
Lyrics Types of lyrics Lyric line translations Lyric line translations show the text in lyric lines or chorus lines in different languages. They are placed directly below the lyric line or chorus line of which they are a translation. They are shown in an italic font. Each lyric line can have its own lyric line translation, including chorus lines. Lyric line translations do not have verse numbers, as they are part of the line of which they are a translation.
Lyrics Types of syllables in lyrics Types of syllables in lyrics There are different types of syllables in lyrics, depending on their position in words. The key you press to advance the popover indicates the syllable type for each lyric. Dorico for iPad defines lyrics as different syllables depending on how you advance the popover when inputting lyrics. Whole word Lyrics are considered a whole word if the lyric comes after a gap and is followed by a gap or a period.
Lyrics Copying/Pasting lyrics ● Start ● Middle ● End RESULT Lyrics with a syllable type of Whole word or End are followed by a space. Lyrics with a syllable type of Start or Middle are followed by a hyphen.
Lyrics Lyric text editing ● 6. To change to a translation lyric line, press Alt/Opt - Down Arrow . Press Cmd-V to paste the first word/syllable of the copied lyrics/text. The lyrics popover automatically advances to the next note in the selected voice according to the source text. For example, for syllables followed by hyphens in the source, the popover advances as if you had pressed - (hyphen), which automatically shows hyphens after those syllables. 7. 8.
Lyrics Lyric text editing 2. Press Return or Shift-L to open the lyrics popover. 3. Change the existing text in the lyrics popover. 4. Optional: If you want to change other existing lyrics, advance the popover in one of the following ways: ● To advance the popover to the next note if you entered a complete word, or the final syllable in a multi-syllabic word, press Space . Existing lyrics are automatically selected in the popover when you press Space .
Lyrics Showing lyrics in italics The Edit Lyrics dialog comprises the following: 1 Text editor Allows you to edit all the lyrics in the selected lyric line in the current flow, with hyphens and spaces as appropriate. For example, you can add a comma after the final syllable in a line for a poem setting or replace a hyphen with a space. NOTE You cannot add, delete, or change the duration/rhythmic position of lyrics, such as the number of notes to which each lyric applies.
Lyrics Positions of lyrics TIP If you want to show lyrics in an italic font because they are intended to be either chorus lyrics or translation lyrics, you can change their lyric type instead.
Lyrics Positions of lyrics Square handle selected at the start of a lyric line in Engrave mode EXAMPLE You have three lines of lyrics, but one system does not have a second line of lyrics. On this system, the third line of lyrics is moved upwards, closer to the first line of lyrics. If a subsequent system does not have a first line, but does have the second and third lines, then the second and third lines of lyrics are moved upwards. The second line of lyrics takes the place of the first line.
Lyrics Positions of lyrics NOTE When using the mouse, you must only select handles at the start of each lyric line. 2. Move the selected lyric lines upwards/downwards in any of the following ways: ● To move them upwards, press Opt-Up Arrow . ● To move them downwards, press Opt-Down Arrow . TIP To move items by larger increments, press Ctrl/Cmd as well as the standard key command, for example, Cmd-Opt-Up Arrow . ● Click and drag the handles upwards/downwards.
Lyrics Lyric hyphens and lyric extender lines have the same alignment. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. There is no default setting for the alignment of lyrics relative to notes, as Dorico for iPad automatically adjusts the horizontal position of lyrics to minimize note spacing changes. By default, lyrics on single noteheads are center-aligned and lyrics spanning multiple noteheads are left-aligned.
Lyrics Lyric line numbers between the end of the lyric and the end position of the extender line. Lyric extender lines end at the right edge of the last notehead to which they apply. In Engrave mode, lyric hyphens and lyric extender lines have two square handles, one at the start and one at the end. You can move whole lyric hyphens and lyric extenders lines, and you can also move their handles independently of each other. This allows you to lengthen/shorten lyric hyphens and extender lines.
Lyrics Lyric line numbers In Dorico for iPad, you can have multiple lines of lyrics both above and below the same staff. Turning lyric lines into chorus lyric lines or lyric line translations changes both their placement and appearance as chorus lyrics generally use an italic font.
Lyrics Lyric line numbers RELATED LINKS Lyric line numbers on page 586 Types of lyrics on page 575 Filters for lyrics on page 574 Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Changing the line number of individual lyrics You can change the lyric line number of individually selected lyrics after they have been input. PROCEDURE 1. Select the individual lyrics whose line number you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Lyrics Verse numbers RELATED LINKS Lyric line numbers on page 586 Filters for lyrics on page 574 Changing the line number and type of lyric lines on page 587 Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Changing the staff-relative placement of individual lyrics You can change the staff-relative placement of individual lyrics within lyric lines. PROCEDURE 1. Select the lyrics whose staff-relative placement you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Lyrics East Asian elision slurs 3. Activate/Deactivate the corresponding checkbox. RESULT Verse numbers are shown before the selected lyrics when the checkbox is activated, and hidden when the checkbox is deactivated. East Asian elision slurs East Asian elision slurs are used to show that two or more characters in East Asian languages are part of the same lyric. A phrase containing an East Asian elision slur You can hide/show East Asian elision slurs on individual lyrics.
Notes Notes are shapes that are positioned on staves to indicate musical pitches. Notes are most commonly shown with oval-shaped, round noteheads that are either filled or void depending on their duration, but there are many different designs of noteheads that you can use. Depending on their duration, notes can have stems that help indicate their duration.
Notes Notehead sets NOTE ● A single notehead can appear in multiple notehead sets. If you edit a notehead within one notehead set, your changes affect the appearance of that notehead in all notehead sets that contain it. ● Notehead sets can only contain noteheads of the same type. For example, you cannot use a normal notehead in a pitched notehead set. ● You cannot change the type of an existing notehead set or an existing notehead.
Notes Notehead sets Notehead set design Notehead set name Slashed Noteheads (Top Left to Bottom Right) Cross noteheads Notehead set name Notehead set design Circle X Noteheads Large X and Diamond Noteheads Ornate X Noteheads Plus Noteheads With X Noteheads X Noteheads X and Circle X Noteheads X and Diamond Noteheads 593 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Notes Notehead sets Triangular noteheads Notehead set design Notehead set name Large Arrow Down Noteheads Large Arrow Up Noteheads Triangle Down Noteheads Triangle Left Noteheads Triangle Right Noteheads Triangle Up Noteheads Diamond noteheads Notehead set design Notehead set name Diamond Noteheads Old-Style Diamond Noteheads White Diamond Noteheads Wide Diamond Noteheads 594 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Notes Notehead sets Slash noteheads Notehead set design Notehead set name Muted Slash Noteheads Oversized Slash Noteheads Slash Noteheads Small Slash Noteheads Round and square noteheads Notehead set design Notehead set name Moon Noteheads Rectangular Noteheads Round White with Dot Noteheads RELATED LINKS Changing the notehead design of individual noteheads on page 596 Hiding stems on page 824 Pitch-dependent notehead set designs Pitch-dependent notehead sets use different notehead designs or dif
Notes Notehead sets Scale degree noteheads Notehead set design Notehead set name Aikin 7-shape Noteheads Funk 7-shape Noteheads Walker 4-shape Noteheads Walker 7-shape Noteheads Pitched noteheads Notehead set design Notehead set name Figurenotes© Noteheads Pitch Name Noteheads RELATED LINKS Notehead sets on page 591 Changing the notehead design of individual noteheads on page 596 Changing the notehead design of individual noteheads You can change the notehead design of individual noteheads, includi
Notes Changing the width of ledger lines PROCEDURE 1. Select the noteheads whose design you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu [Notehead design]. and choose Notehead > [Notehead type] > For example, to change the notehead design of the selected notes to X noteheads, choose Notehead > Crosses > X Noteheads. RESULT The notehead design of the selected notes is changed.
Notes Changing the consolidation of rhythm dots If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 Hiding/Showing ledger lines You can hide/show ledger lines on individual notes, for example, if you want to indicate approximate pitches using the relative vertical positions of notes. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains.
Notes Assigning notes to strings RESULT Rhythm dots for notes of any duration are consolidated when the checkbox is activated, and no rhythm dots are consolidated when the checkbox is deactivated. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. EXAMPLE Notes of any duration have rhythm dots consolidated No rhythm dot consolidation RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 Moving rhythm dots You can move rhythm dots horizontally.
Notes Hiding/Showing colors for notes out of range NOTE You can only change the assigned string of notes belonging to string instruments, such as violin, cello, or guitar. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes whose assigned string you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. NOTE If selecting multiple notes at once, select notes only in staves of the same instrument type. For example, select multiple Cs in Violin 1 and Violin 2 staves. 2.
Notes Bracketed noteheads 2. 3. Choose one of the following options for Note and rest colors: ● To show colors for notes out of range, choose Notes Out of Range. ● To hide colors for notes out of range but show voice colors, choose Voice Colors. ● To hide all notes and rest colors, choose None. Click Close. RESULT Colors for notes out of range are hidden/shown in the corresponding view type.
Notes Bracketed noteheads A phrase containing round and square notehead brackets You can also show brackets on noteheads on notation staves and tablature independently of each other. By default, bracketed notes have reduced velocity, causing them to sound quieter in playback than normal notes. The following types of notehead brackets are available in Dorico for iPad: Round notehead brackets Round notehead brackets have a similar appearance to slurs, but vertical.
Notes Bracketed noteheads Square brackets on single noteheads on a notation staff Square bracket on a chord on a notation staff Square brackets on single noteheads on tablature Square bracket on a chord on tablature RELATED LINKS Showing brackets around one/all noteheads in tie chains on page 604 Notehead brackets in Engrave mode on page 606 Showing notes as dead notes on page 664 Inputting notes on page 145 Ties on page 839 Guitar bends on page 644 Guitar pre-bends and pre-dives on page 647 Vibrato ba
Notes Bracketed noteheads RESULT The corresponding type of notehead brackets is shown on the selected notes. If you only selected notes on tablature, brackets are not shown on the corresponding notes on the notation staff, and vice versa. In Write mode, only the first noteheads in tie chains are bracketed. In Engrave mode, only the selected noteheads are bracketed, including in tie chains.
Notes Bracketed noteheads right bracket on the last notehead in the tie chain. By default, brackets appear only on the first notehead in tie chains. PREREQUISITE You have shown brackets on the required notes. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes whose notehead bracket positions relative to tie chains you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate/deactivate Bracket until end of tie chain in the Bracketed Noteheads group.
Notes Bracketed noteheads Splitting brackets on chords You can split brackets on any notehead within a chord. By default, Dorico for iPad automatically shows a single bracket for all notes in a chord unless it contains very large gaps, in which case Dorico for iPad automatically splits brackets. PROCEDURE 1. Select the individual notes in chords immediately above where you want to split brackets. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Notes Bracketed noteheads Round notehead bracket handles in Engrave mode Square notehead bracket handles in Engrave mode ● Top and bottom handles move the corresponding end of the notehead bracket, controlling its graphical length. ● Middle handles control the shape of round notehead brackets. Moving them vertically adjusts their curve by changing the angle at which notehead bracket endpoints approach noteheads, while moving them horizontally changes the width of round notehead brackets.
Notes Bracketed noteheads PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the middle handles of each round notehead bracket whose shape you want to change. 2. Change the shape of the selected round notehead brackets in any of the following ways: ● To widen right notehead brackets or narrow left notehead brackets, press OptRight Arrow . ● To narrow right notehead brackets or widen left notehead brackets, press OptLeft Arrow . ● To increase the angle of notehead bracket endpoints, press Opt-Up Arrow .
Notes Bracketed noteheads RELATED LINKS Slur shoulder offset on page 794 Moving items graphically on page 351 Changing the property scope on page 128 609 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Harmonics Harmonics are pitches produced by touching resonating strings at specific positions along their length, allowing the corresponding harmonic partial to sound. Harmonics often have a high pitch with a glassy, purer sound than stopped pitches. There are two different types of harmonics: natural and artificial. Harmonic partials are numbered according to their order in the harmonic series, which also correlates to the node on the string which produces them.
Harmonics Turning notes into harmonics Turning notes into harmonics You can turn existing notes into artificial and natural harmonics. Harmonics can represent the sounding, touched, or stopped pitch. PREREQUISITE You have input the notes you want to turn into harmonics. However, the pitch you should input depends on the style/appearance you want to use. ● For natural harmonics, we recommend that you input the desired sounding pitch.
Harmonics Changing the harmonic partial AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can change the partial for harmonics. You can also change the appearance of natural harmonics and the type of artificial harmonics. If you want to turn harmonics back into normal notes, deactivate Type in the Harmonics group.
Harmonics Hiding/Showing or parenthesizing harmonic accidentals RELATED LINKS Tablature on page 815 Assigning notes to strings on page 599 Hiding/Showing or parenthesizing harmonic accidentals You can hide/show individual harmonic accidentals, or show them in round or square brackets, independently of hiding/showing or parenthesizing accidentals of stopped pitch notes.
Harmonics Appearances/Styles of harmonics Appearances/Styles of harmonics Both artificial and natural harmonics can be notated in different ways. In Dorico for iPad, it is possible to indicate the desired sounding pitch, either the stopped or touched pitch, or both stopped and touched pitches for individual harmonics.
Harmonics Appearances/Styles of harmonics Artificial harmonics Normal Shows two noteheads: one indicating the stopped pitch, the other the touched pitch. The touched pitch is automatically calculated based on the partial; the default partial is the second partial. On tablature, the stopped fret is shown on the left and the touched fret is shown on the right in parentheses. This is the default appearance of artificial harmonics on all staves.
Harmonics Appearances/Styles of harmonics Single notehead (stopped) artificial harmonic on notation staff Single notehead (stopped) artificial harmonic on tablature RELATED LINKS Tablature on page 815 Changing the appearance of natural harmonics By default, natural harmonics appear as normal noteheads with a circle shown above, which indicates the desired sounding pitch.
Harmonics Appearances/Styles of harmonics RELATED LINKS Changing the pitch of individual notes on page 183 Assigning notes to strings on page 599 Changing the style of artificial harmonics By default, artificial harmonics appear as two noteheads: one normal, which indicates the stopped pitch, and one diamond, which indicates the touched pitch. You can change the style of artificial harmonics individually, for example, to indicate pinch harmonics.
Ornaments Ornaments are markings that indicate multiple notes are played in addition to the notated pitch. They are used to decorate music, such as in Baroque music, which is highly decorated with trills and other ornaments. Over time, specific ways of notating how performers should play notes have developed and different ornament symbols indicate different patterns of decorative notes. Nonetheless, ornaments give some freedom to performers to embellish music in their own way.
Ornaments Positions of ornaments PROCEDURE 1. Select the ornaments whose interval you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate the following properties, individually or together, in the Ornaments group, as appropriate for the selected ornaments: 3. ● Interval above ● Interval below Change the values in the value fields to the intervals you want. ● 0 or 4 and above shows no accidental. ● 1 shows a flat. ● 2 shows a natural.
Ornaments Positions of ornaments You can move ornaments to different rhythmic positions in Write mode. They are automatically positioned to avoid collisions. You can move ornaments graphically in Engrave mode, but this does not change the rhythmic positions to which they are attached.
Ornaments Trills ● Accidental RESULT The start position of the selected trills is changed. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 Trills Trills are fast alternations between two notes, similar to a tremolo, that were a common decoration in Baroque, Classical, and Romantic music.
Ornaments Trills Hiding/Showing trill marks You can hide/show trill marks at the start of individual trills. This also hides/shows trill marks on all systems on which the trills extend. PROCEDURE 1. Select the trills whose trill marks you want to hide/show. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Show trill mark in the Trills group. 3. Activate/Deactivate the corresponding checkbox.
Ornaments Trills EXAMPLE A trill extension line starting slow and ending fast AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can customize the playback speed of trills individually. RELATED LINKS Changing the playback speeds of trills on page 631 Hiding/Showing speed changes in trill extension lines You can hide/show speed changes in the extension lines for individual trills, for example, if you want to hear different speeds in playback but show extension lines with consistent wiggles. PROCEDURE 1.
Ornaments Trill intervals RESULT Trill extension lines are shown when the checkbox is activated, and hidden when the checkbox is deactivated. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. When the property is deactivated, trill extension lines are only shown on tied notes by default.
Ornaments Trill intervals Microtonal trill intervals When using other tonality systems than 12-EDO, you can specify trill intervals based on diatonic steps and the total number of divisions from the written note. In 24-EDO, you can describe trill intervals based on their quality, such as major or minor.
Ornaments Trill intervals RELATED LINKS Changing the appearance of trill intervals on page 629 Changing the property scope on page 128 Hiding/Showing signposts on page 332 Changing trill intervals The default trill interval is a second, either major or minor depending on the context. In addition to specifying the interval when inputting trills with the ornaments popover, you can change the intervals of trills and existing trill intervals within their duration individually after they have been input.
Ornaments Trill intervals 2. 3. ● The note whose trill interval you want to change. ● An item or rest on the staff where you want to specify trill intervals. Start note input in any of the following ways: ● Press Shift-N . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . Press Right Arrow / Left Arrow to move the caret according to the current rhythmic grid resolution to the notehead where you want to change the trill interval. NOTE You can only change trill intervals at noteheads. 4.
Ornaments Trill intervals Resetting trill intervals You can reset trill intervals to the default trill interval of a second, either major or minor depending on the context, including resetting individual trill intervals within a single trill independently. PROCEDURE 1. Select the trills, trill intervals, or trill interval signposts whose interval you want to reset.
Ornaments Trill intervals Auxiliary note Indicates the trill interval using a small, parenthesized, stemless notehead shown in the staff immediately to the right of the first note to which the trill applies, and at the correct staff position for the trilled-to pitch. Auxiliary notes are used for all trill intervals that are not a major or minor second, but are automatically hidden for unison trills if the notehead design of the auxiliary note has not been overridden.
Ornaments Trills in playback Changing the position of trill interval indicators You can change where trill interval indicators, such as an accidental or W.T. marking, are positioned relative to individual trill marks. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. NOTE This does not affect the position of trill interval accidentals on subsequent notes over which trills extend. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties.
Ornaments Trills in playback When playing generated trills, Dorico for iPad incorporates grace notes immediately before and after trills. A single unslashed grace note on the initial trill note produces an appoggiatura, while multiple grace notes on the initial trill note are included in the trill pattern. Grace notes on the note immediately following a trill are also included in the trill pattern.
Ornaments Trills in playback 3. Change the values in the value fields. RESULT The playback speed of the selected trills is changed. The values in the value fields correspond to the number of notes sounding per second. RELATED LINKS Changing the speed of trills on page 622 Hiding/Showing speed changes in trill extension lines on page 623 Changing the starting pitch of trills By default in Dorico for iPad, trills start on the lower note, which is usually the written note.
Arpeggio signs Arpeggio signs are vertical lines that indicate chords are to be played arpeggiated, or “spread”, so that the notes in the chord are played very quickly one after another. Arpeggio signs are normally shown as vertical wavy lines. Arpeggiated chords can be played in two directions: ● Upwards, starting from the bottom note in the chord. ● Downwards, starting from the top note in the chord.
Arpeggio signs Types of arpeggio signs A vertical wavy line that indicates chords are to be arpeggiated from the top note downwards. Non arpeggio A bracket with straight lines that indicates all notes in the chord are to be played together, not arpeggiated. Curved arpeggio A curved line, similar to a slur but vertical, that some composers use to indicate gentle or partial arpeggiation.
Arpeggio signs Length of arpeggio signs TIP You can also change the arpeggio type by opening the ornaments popover and changing the entry. RELATED LINKS Ornaments popover on page 248 Changing existing items on page 324 Changing the end appearance of arpeggio signs Down arpeggio signs have an arrowhead at the bottom of the line by default, but up arpeggio signs have no arrowhead by default. You can change the appearance of the ends of arpeggio signs individually.
Arpeggio signs General placement conventions for arpeggio signs signs if the pitches of the notes in the voices/staves to which the sign applies change, or you add notes to, or delete notes from, the chords. In Engrave mode, each arpeggio sign has two square handles, one at the top and one at the bottom. You can move these handles to adjust the graphical position and length of arpeggio signs.
Arpeggio signs Changing arpeggio playback relative to the beat RESULT The selected arpeggio signs are shown before grace notes when the property is activated, and after grace notes when the property is deactivated. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Arpeggio signs Changing the playback duration of arpeggios 3. Change the playback duration of the selected arpeggio signs by changing the value in the value field. 4. Press Return . RESULT The playback duration of the selected arpeggios is changed. EXAMPLE Arpeggiated chord with a note offset value of 1/8 638 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Glissando lines Glissando lines indicate a continuous transition between two notes, which can be smooth or in chromatic steps. They can have straight lines or wiggly lines, and can be shown with a text indication or as a line without text. There are different conventions regarding the playing techniques for glissando and portamento.
Glissando lines Glissando lines across empty bars RELATED LINKS Glissando lines in Engrave mode on page 642 Moving items graphically on page 351 Glissando lines across empty bars In Dorico for iPad, you can input glissando lines between any two notes, even if there are rests or other notes between them, and including between notes in different voices and notes on different staves.
Glissando lines Changing glissando line text ● You can also change the glissando style by opening the ornaments popover and changing the entry. RELATED LINKS Ornaments popover on page 248 Changing existing items on page 324 Changing glissando line text You can show individual glissando lines with “gliss.” text, “port.” text, or without text. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains.
Glissando lines Glissando lines in Engrave mode PROCEDURE 1. Select the glissando lines whose setting for when text is shown you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Glissando text shown in the Glissando Lines group. 3. Choose one of the following options: ● Show if sufficient space ● Always show RESULT If Show if sufficient space is chosen, glissando line text is not shown if the glissando line is too short.
Glissando lines Glissando lines in playback Glissando lines in playback Glissando lines are reflected in playback using a sequence of notes, all a small interval apart, between the start and end notes for each glissando. Glissandos belonging to harps consider the current harp pedaling when determining the pitches to use in playback. Glissandos for all other instruments use the 12-EDO chromatic scale, regardless of the current tonality system.
Guitar bends The guitar bend is a technique commonly performed on electric guitars, where the performer pushes strings out of their normal alignment after notes start to sound. Bending strings tightens them, which produces the characteristic pitch fluctuation. Performing a guitar bend often also involves sustaining the bent pitch before allowing the string to return to its natural position and un-bent pitch. In Dorico for iPad, these actions are called a “guitar bend hold” and “release” respectively.
Guitar bends Guitar bends on chord on notation staff Guitar bends on chord on tablature Sequences of consecutive guitar bends are notated as bend runs on tablature. In Engrave mode, guitar bend runs function as a group. Guitar bend runs on tablature Guitar bend holds Guitar bend holds indicate that the performer should maintain the pitch at the peak of a guitar bend. They are usually shown on tied notes. On tablature, guitar bend holds are notated using a horizontal line.
Guitar bends Release on notation staff Release on tablature If you input releases on multiple notes in chords, they are notated with a single downwards-pointing curved line on tablature. If the bend intervals are the same for all notes, the end pitches are parenthesized together.
Guitar bends Guitar pre-bends and pre-dives Guitar pre-bends and pre-dives Guitar pre-bends and pre-dives are techniques commonly performed on electric guitars, where the performer changes the initial sounding pitch of strings before playing notes, either by bending strings to tighten them or using the vibrato bar to loosen them.
Guitar bends Guitar post-bends Guitar pre-dive on notation staff Guitar pre-dive on tablature NOTE Stems, stem flags, and beaming always appear stem-up on tablature in single-voice contexts, which means they can collide with guitar bends.
Guitar bends Vibrato bar dives and returns If you input guitar post-bends on multiple notes in chords, their arrowheads are automatically aligned. On notation staves, the appropriate number of curved lines is shown according to the staff positions of notes in chords. Guitar post-bends on chord on notation staff Guitar post-bends on chord on tablature NOTE Guitar post-bends are not currently reflected in playback. This is planned for future versions.
Guitar bends Bend intervals Sequences of consecutive vibrato bar bends on notes with the same pitch direction, such as E-D-C, are notated on tablature with an additional line protrusion beyond the staff and bend interval for each vibrato bar bend. Consecutive vibrato bar bends on notation staff Consecutive vibrato bar bends on tablature If you input vibrato bar dives and returns on multiple notes in chords, a single V appears on tablature as long as the bend intervals are the same for all notes.
Guitar bends Hiding/Showing guitar bend hold lines EXAMPLE Guitar bend with whole step Guitar pre-bend with interval, displayed as full minor third interval, displayed as 1 1/2 Vibrato bar dive and return with whole step interval, displayed as -1 Guitar post-bend with microtonal interval, displayed as 1/4 Bend intervals for guitar bends, pre-bends, pre-dives, and post-dives are positioned above the arrowhead/line for the corresponding notation.
Guitar bends Changing the direction of guitar pre-bends/pre-dives EXAMPLE Hold line hidden Hold line shown Changing the direction of guitar pre-bends/pre-dives You can change the direction of guitar pre-bends/pre-dives individually. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. By default, guitar pre-bends/pre-dives are positioned on the notehead-side of notes in single-voice contexts.
Guitar bends Hiding/Showing accidentals on guitar pre-bends/pre-dives Hiding/Showing accidentals on guitar pre-bends/pre-dives You can hide/show accidentals on guitar pre-bends/pre-dives individually, for example, to save horizontal space in a layout that also shows the interval clearly on tablature. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1.
Guitar bends Guitar bends in Engrave mode Guitar bends in Engrave mode In Engrave mode, each guitar bend, release, and hold has multiple handles that you can move independently to adjust their graphical position and shape on notation staves and tablature independently. On notation staves, guitar bends and releases have three square handles. When you move either of the start/end handles, the middle handle also moves to retain its position relative to the start/end handles.
Guitar bends Guitar bends in Engrave mode 2 Release middle handle 3 Release end handle You can move these handles to change the shape of guitar bends and releases, change the graphical length and angle of guitar bend holds, and move bend intervals. When you move guitar bend end handles, the bend interval also moves to retain its position relative to the end handle. If guitar bends cross system and frame breaks, you can move the guitar bend segment on each side of the break independently.
Guitar bends Guitar bends in Engrave mode Guitar pre-bends/pre-dives in Engrave mode In Engrave mode, each guitar pre-bend/pre-dive has multiple handles that you can move independently to adjust their graphical position and shape on notation staves and tablature independently. On notation staves, guitar pre-bends/pre-dives have three square handles. When you move either of the start/end handles, the middle handle also moves to retain its position relative to the start/end handles.
Guitar bends Guitar bends in Engrave mode ● Interval offset moves guitar pre-bend/pre-dive interval handles. X moves them horizontally, Y moves them vertically. RELATED LINKS Moving items graphically on page 351 Guitar post-bends in Engrave mode In Engrave mode, each guitar post-bend has multiple handles that you can move independently to adjust their graphical position and shape on notation staves and tablature independently.
Guitar bends Guitar bends in Engrave mode Vibrato bar dives and returns in Engrave mode In Engrave mode, each vibrato bar dive and return has multiple handles that you can move independently to adjust their graphical position and shape. On notation staves, each vibrato bar dive and vibrato bar return has three square handles that you can move independently. When you move either of the start/end handles, the middle handle also moves to retain its position relative to the start/end handles.
Guitar bends Guitar bends in Engrave mode ● Interval offset moves vibrato bar dive/return interval handles. X moves them horizontally, Y moves them vertically. RELATED LINKS Moving items graphically on page 351 Vibrato bar dives and returns on page 649 Vibrato bar techniques on page 660 Bend intervals on page 650 System breaks on page 390 Frame breaks on page 391 659 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Guitar techniques The term “guitar techniques” covers a range of techniques typically associated with guitar music, such as hammer-ons, pull-offs, and pitch alterations that use the vibrato bar on electric guitars.
Guitar techniques Tapping In Dorico for iPad, vibrato bar dips are considered ornaments. You can select and delete them independently of the notes to which they apply. Vibrato bar dips appear on both notation staves and tablature and are placed above the staff. You can change the staff-relative placement of individual vibrato bar dips. Vibrato bar indications/lines Vibrato bar indications are text instructions that indicate that the performer should use the vibrato bar.
Guitar techniques Hammer-ons and pull-offs A phrase containing right-hand and left-hand tapping By default, tapping indications only appear on notation staves and are placed above the staff. You can change the staff-relative placement of individual tapping indications. In Dorico for iPad, tapping indications are considered properties of notes.
Guitar techniques Hammer-ons and pull-offs A phrase containing hammer-ons, a pull-off, and a ligado By default, hammer-ons/pull-offs appear on both notation staves and tablature and are placed above the staff. You can change the staff-relative placement of individual hammer-on/pull-off indications. In Dorico for iPad, hammer-on/pull-off indications are considered properties of notes.
Guitar techniques Showing notes as dead notes RELATED LINKS Inputting hammer-ons/pull-offs on page 271 Changing the staff-relative placement of guitar techniques on page 665 Moving items graphically on page 351 Fingerings for fretted instruments on page 539 Showing notes as dead notes You can show individual notes belonging to fretted instruments as dead notes. Dead notes are notated with cross noteheads on notation staves and with an X on tablature. PROCEDURE 1.
Guitar techniques Changing the staff-relative placement of guitar techniques For example, enter 1 for a half step interval, 2 for a whole step interval, or 3 for a minor third interval. RESULT The interval of the selected vibrato bar dips is changed.
Guitar techniques Deleting guitar techniques RELATED LINKS Changing the direction of guitar pre-bends/pre-dives on page 652 Moving items graphically on page 351 Changing the staff-relative placement of items on page 326 Changing the property scope on page 128 Deleting guitar techniques You can remove vibrato bar scoops and tapping, hammer-on, and pull-off indications from notes after you have input them.
Jazz articulations Jazz articulations in Dorico for iPad cover a range of note ornamentations that are idiomatic to jazz music, and brass instruments in particular. Although they are often known as jazz “articulations”, these techniques function more like ornaments than articulations because they change the pitch rather than the duration or attack of notes. For this reason, they are considered ornaments in Dorico for iPad.
Jazz articulations Jazz ornaments Fall (bend) Fall (smooth) Additionally, there are other jazz ornaments commonly used by brass instruments that you can add to notes in the same ways as inputting jazz articulations. If your sound library includes samples for jazz articulations, Dorico for iPad loads the required samples using playback techniques.
Jazz articulations Positions of jazz articulations Positions of jazz articulations In Dorico for iPad, jazz articulations are automatically positioned relative to the noteheads to which they apply, with any other notations on those notes, such as rhythm dots, accidentals, and back notes, automatically considered.
Jazz articulations Changing the line style of smooth jazz articulations RESULT The jazz articulation shown on the selected notes is changed. TIP You can also change the type/duration of jazz articulations using the In and Out properties in the Jazz Articulations group of the Properties panel. EXAMPLE Short bend doit Medium bend doit Long bend doit Changing the line style of smooth jazz articulations You can change the line style of smooth jazz articulations individually.
Jazz articulations Deleting jazz articulations EXAMPLE Doit smooth with straight line Doit smooth with wavy line Doit smooth with dashed line RELATED LINKS Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Deleting jazz articulations You can remove jazz articulations from notes after you have input them. However, because jazz articulations are properties of notes rather than separate items in Dorico for iPad, you must select and delete them differently from other items. PROCEDURE 1.
Page numbers Page numbers are used to give each page a unique number, and indicate its position relative to other pages. Just as in newspapers and books, musical scores and parts use page numbers to make sure the music stays in the correct order. Because you can have multiple flows in a single project in Dorico for iPad, you do not need to change page numbers manually in most cases.
Page numbers Hiding/Showing page numbers By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Page Setup in the category list. 4. In the Page Numbers section, select one of the following options from the Use menu: 5. ● Number ● Roman numeral Click Apply, then Close.
Page numbers Hiding/Showing page numbers ● If you select Not on first page, page numbers are hidden on the first page in the selected layouts, but shown on all other pages that have a text frame containing the page number token. NOTE Your per-layout setting for whether page numbers are hidden/shown above flow headings affects whether page numbers are shown on pages where they are higher on the page than flow headings.
Harp pedaling Harp pedaling is a broad term that covers the specific requirements for notating music for harps. This primarily involves harp pedal diagrams, which are often necessary due to the way in which modern concert harps change their tuning.
Harp pedaling Changing the appearance of harp pedal diagrams Note Names Indicates the required accidentals for the seven diatonic pitches, arranged in two lines. Right-foot pedals are shown on top and left-foot pedals are shown below. Any pitches that you input that do not fit with the current harp pedal diagram are considered out of range, and appear red when colors are shown for notes that are out of range.
Harp pedaling Hiding/Showing harp pedaling in layouts RESULT The appearance of the selected harp pedal diagrams is changed in the current layout. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. TIP You can change the default appearance of harp pedaling in each layout independently in the Harp Pedaling section of the Players page in Layout Options.
Harp pedaling Hiding/Showing borders on harp pedal diagrams NOTE ● You can hide individual harp pedal diagrams in layouts where harp pedaling is shown, but you cannot show individual harp pedal diagrams in layouts where harp pedaling is hidden. ● You can hide/show signposts in the View Options dialog. RELATED LINKS View Options dialog on page 120 Hiding/Showing harp pedal diagrams individually You can hide/show individual harp pedal diagrams in layouts in which harp pedaling is shown.
Harp pedaling Hiding/Showing borders on harp pedal diagrams PROCEDURE 1. Select the note name harp pedal diagrams on which you want to hide/show borders. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Border in the Harp Pedals group. 3. Activate/Deactivate the corresponding checkbox. RESULT Borders are shown on the selected note name harp pedal diagrams when the checkbox is activated, and hidden when the checkbox is deactivated.
Harp pedaling Positions of harp pedal diagrams and borders. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE ● Harp pedaling is shown in the current layout. ● You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the harp pedal diagrams whose padding you want to change. 2. In the Properties panel, activate the following properties, individually or together, in the Harp Pedals group: 3.
Harp pedaling Partial harp pedaling Partial harp pedaling Partial harp pedal diagrams only show the notes whose pedal setting must change at that position, rather than showing the required settings for all pedals. This can make those changes immediately clear to the performer, as they have fewer pedals to read.
Harp pedaling Partial harp pedaling RESULT Partial harp pedaling is allowed for the selected note name harp pedal diagrams when the checkbox is activated, and disallowed when the checkbox is deactivated. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Pedal lines Pedal lines indicate to performers which piano pedals to use, and can also give performance instructions, such as how far down to depress the pedals and when to lift the pedal to clear the resonance. Most pianos have either two or three pedals. These pedals are: Sustain pedal The sustain pedal controls the dampers on the piano strings, which is why it is also known as the “damper pedal”. It is also the most commonly used pedal.
Pedal lines Sustain pedal retakes and pedal level changes RELATED LINKS Input methods for playing techniques, pedal lines, string indicators, and harp pedal diagrams on page 273 Pedal lines in playback on page 695 Pedal line start signs, hooks, and continuation lines on page 690 Text pedal line signs on page 693 Lines on page 710 Playing technique continuation lines on page 702 Sustain pedal retakes and pedal level changes Pedal retakes indicate where a player should lift the sustain pedal, which dampens t
Pedal lines Sustain pedal retakes and pedal level changes Sustain pedal lines in Engrave mode When you select sustain pedal lines in Engrave mode, handles appear at the start/end of each pedal line, and on any retakes or pedal level changes on the line. These handles allow you to move each part of the pedal line independently, and to change the pedal levels at the start, end, and at each retake or pedal level change.
Pedal lines Sustain pedal retakes and pedal level changes End of sustain pedal lines ● The top handle changes the hook length. You can move this handle upwards/downwards. ● The right handle changes the pedal level at the end of the pedal line. You can move this handle upwards/downwards. ● The bottom handle moves the end point of the pedal line. You can move this handle to the right/left.
Pedal lines Positions of pedal lines Positions of pedal lines The default placement of pedal lines is below the bottom staff, even if there are only notes in the upper staff for the right hand. They are placed outside all other notations, including octave lines, slurs, and articulations. If one pedal is used, it is placed as close to the bottom of the staff as possible, while remaining outside of all other notations.
Pedal lines Splitting pedal lines 3. Activate/Deactivate the corresponding checkboxes. RESULT When the checkboxes are activated, the corresponding parts of the selected pedal lines are positioned before grace notes. When the checkboxes are deactivated, the corresponding parts of the selected pedal lines are positioned after grace notes. TIP You can adjust the precise position of pedal lines in further detail in Engrave mode.
Pedal lines Splitting pedal lines Text pedal line signs on page 693 Merging pedal lines You can merge existing sustain pedal lines together, for example, if you want to fill in a gap between two sustain pedal lines. NOTE These steps only apply to sustain pedal lines. PROCEDURE 1. Select the sustain pedal lines on the same staff that you want to merge together. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. NOTE You can only merge pedal lines on one staff at a time. 2.
Pedal lines Pedal line start signs, hooks, and continuation lines Pedal line start signs, hooks, and continuation lines Pedal lines normally comprise a start sign, a continuation line, and an end hook. This indicates clearly to performers where to depress each type of pedal, how long to keep it depressed, and where to lift it.
Pedal lines Pedal line start signs, hooks, and continuation lines Changing the type of hook at the start/end of pedal lines You can change the type of hook shown at the start/end of pedal lines individually. NOTE You can only change the start hook type of pedal lines that have a hook as their start sign, and you can only change the end hook type of pedal lines that have a continuation line. PROCEDURE 1. Select the pedal lines whose hook type you want to change.
Pedal lines Pedal line start signs, hooks, and continuation lines Inputting pedal lines and retakes with the popover on page 280 Lengthening/Shortening gaps and dashes in pedal continuation lines You can change the length of dashes and the gaps between dashes in individual dashed pedal continuation lines. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. NOTE These steps only apply to pedal lines with dashed continuation lines.
Pedal lines Text pedal line signs RESULT Increasing Line width makes pedal continuation lines thicker, decreasing the value makes pedal continuation lines thinner. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. Parenthesizing pedal line continuation signs You can show individual pedal line continuation signs with/without parentheses. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains.
Pedal lines Text pedal line signs Una corda pedal lines The equivalent to the final pedal lift for the una corda pedal marking is the indication to return to tre corde. You can override the tre corde text shown at the end of the pedal line and replace it with your preferred performance direction. RELATED LINKS Changing the start sign appearance of pedal lines on page 690 Editing pedal line start text You can change the text shown at the start of individual pedal lines that use text as their start sign.
Pedal lines Pedal lines in playback RESULT The continuation text shown at the start of subsequent systems for the selected pedal lines is changed. Deactivating Continuation text restores the default continuation text for the selected pedal lines. NOTE Deactivating properties permanently deletes any custom text entered. Editing una corda pedal line restorative text The equivalent to the final pedal lift for una corda pedal lines is the indication to return to tre corde.
Pedal lines Pedal lines imported from MusicXML files Pedal lines imported from MusicXML files Sustain pedal lines can be imported from MusicXML files. MusicXML can only describe the sustain pedal, and it cannot describe changes in pedal depression level. 696 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Playing techniques The term “playing techniques” covers a wide range of instructions intended to tell performers to modify the sound of the notes they are playing, for example, by changing their embouchure or changing the position of their bow, or by modifying their instrument, such as adding a mute or depressing a pedal. In Dorico for iPad, there are the following types of playing techniques: Glyph playing techniques Playing techniques that display symbols, such as up bow or down bow markings.
Playing techniques Adding text to playing techniques RELATED LINKS Input methods for playing techniques, pedal lines, string indicators, and harp pedal diagrams on page 273 Pedal lines on page 683 String indicators on page 549 Playing technique continuation lines on page 702 Groups of playing techniques on page 707 Positions of playing techniques on page 700 Adding text to playing techniques You can add text to playing techniques after they have been input, for example, to clarify the intention of the play
Playing techniques Erasing the background of text playing techniques Erasing the background of text playing techniques You can erase the background of individual text playing techniques, for example, to ensure they remain legible when crossing barlines. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1.
Playing techniques Hiding/Showing playing techniques ● 3. B changes the padding between playing techniques and their bottom edge. Change the values in the value fields. RESULT Increasing the values increases the padding, decreasing the values decreases the padding. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. Hiding/Showing playing techniques You can hide/show playing techniques individually.
Playing techniques Positions of playing techniques Placement of playing techniques with two voices on the same staff You can move playing techniques to different rhythmic positions in Write mode. They are automatically positioned to avoid collisions. You can move playing techniques graphically in Engrave mode, but this does not change the rhythmic positions to which they are attached. In Engrave mode, each playing technique continuation line has two square handles, one at the start and one at the end.
Playing techniques Playing technique continuation lines 3. Change the value in the value field. RESULT The order of the selected playing techniques relative to any other playing techniques at the same rhythmic position, or along their duration, is changed. This also affects other playing techniques in the same groups. Playing techniques with higher Tucking index values are placed further from the staff, while playing techniques with lower values are placed closer.
Playing techniques Playing technique continuation lines RELATED LINKS Positions of playing techniques on page 700 Groups of playing techniques on page 707 Playing technique continuation line components on page 704 Lengthening/Shortening items on page 322 Moving items graphically on page 351 Lines on page 710 Line components on page 712 Playing technique duration In Dorico for iPad, playing techniques have an explicit duration when they apply to a specific range, rather than from a single rhythmic position
Playing techniques Playing technique continuation lines Vibrato bar techniques on page 660 String indicators on page 549 Playing technique continuation line components In Dorico for iPad, playing technique continuation lines consist of multiple components that together function as a single item. The duration line and transition line for the same playing technique can have different default components. 1 Playing technique Controls the default appearance of the following line.
Playing techniques Playing technique continuation lines Hiding/Showing playing technique duration lines You can hide/show duration lines for individual playing techniques. When hiding duration lines, you can show nothing or sim.. When showing duration lines, you can show a line or repeat the signs of glyph playing techniques. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. NOTE These steps only apply to playing technique duration lines.
Playing techniques Playing technique continuation lines Changing the style of playing technique continuation lines You can change the style of individual playing technique duration lines and transition lines, for example, if you want to show a single duration line as a wiggly line. You can change the whole line style, including the caps, or only the body style, which does not affect the caps. PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the playing technique continuation lines whose style you want to change. 2.
Playing techniques Groups of playing techniques RELATED LINKS Changing the caps of lines on page 720 Groups of playing techniques Groups of playing techniques are automatically aligned in a row and can be moved and edited as a group. When you move individual playing techniques within a group, the lengths of any continuation lines on either side automatically adjust to compensate.
Playing techniques Groups of playing techniques Playing technique duration on page 703 Moving notes/items rhythmically on page 337 Moving items graphically on page 351 Grouping playing techniques together You can manually group playing techniques together that were not automatically grouped when they were input. Grouped playing techniques are automatically aligned in a row, show transition lines between them, and can be moved and edited as a group.
Playing techniques Groups of playing techniques RESULT The selected playing techniques or all playing techniques are removed from the selected groups. Playing techniques that previously had transition lines now appear with duration lines. 709 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Lines Lines can convey a variety of meanings in music, such as indicating which hand to use in piano music or a gradual change in bow pressure. In Dorico for iPad, lines can be vertical, horizontal, or angled between notes and have different styles and appearances.
Lines A phrase containing two notehead-attached lines, showing where the melody moves between piano staves ● Barline-attached Attached to a rhythmic position and aligned with barlines, if their rhythmic positions coincide with barline positions. Barline-attached lines are always horizontal. A barline-attached line spanning two full bars ● Rhythmic position-attached Attached to a rhythmic position and positioned relative to notes, chords, or rests at those rhythmic positions.
Lines Line components Lines panel on page 286 Adding text to lines on page 722 Changing the placement of horizontal lines on page 715 Arpeggio signs on page 633 Glissando lines on page 639 Octave lines on page 493 Trills on page 621 Playing technique continuation lines on page 702 Pedal lines on page 683 Repeat endings on page 738 Guitar bends on page 644 Tuplet brackets on page 878 Line components In Dorico for iPad, lines consist of multiple components that together function as a single item.
Lines Positions of lines NOTE Dorico Pro provides further options for customizing lines and line components, such as using text for caps and music symbols for annotations in the center of lines. You might encounter lines with different components than are available in Dorico for iPad if you import or open a project that contains them.
Lines Positions of lines Showing vertical lines on the right/left of notes You can change the side of notes on which vertical lines appear, for example, to show selected vertical lines on the right side of notes. PROCEDURE 1. Select the vertical lines whose horizontal position you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Side in the Vertical Lines group. 3.
Lines Positions of lines Showing vertical lines before grace notes You can position individual vertical lines so they appear to the left of grace notes. By default, vertical lines are positioned after grace notes, that is, between grace notes and normal notes. PROCEDURE 1. Select the vertical lines you want to show before grace notes. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Line before grace notes in the Vertical Lines group.
Lines Positions of lines RESULT The placement of the selected horizontal lines is changed. Horizontal lines inside the staff are centered on the middle staff line by default. TIP You can also cycle through the different placement options for selected horizontal lines by pressing F . AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK ● You can change the staff position of lines shown inside the staff. ● You can erase the background of text on lines shown inside the staff.
Lines Length of lines EXAMPLE Horizontal lines inside the staff with different staff positions at their start/end Length of lines Dorico for iPad automatically calculates the appropriate length for both horizontal and vertical lines. ● The length of horizontal lines is determined by the rhythmic duration of the line. Horizontal lines with different attachment types are positioned differently, which can affect their graphical length.
Lines Length of lines ● To snap the end of a single line to the previous notehead, press Cmd-Shift-OptLeft Arrow . NOTE ● ● When multiple lines are selected, you can only lengthen/shorten them according to the current rhythmic grid resolution. ● When using the keyboard, lengthening/shortening lines only moves their end. You can move the start of lines by moving lines rhythmically, or by clicking and dragging the start handle of a single line.
Lines Length of lines TIP You can move lines graphically in Engrave mode, including changing their graphical length. RELATED LINKS Moving items graphically on page 351 Inputting vertical lines on page 288 Changing the property scope on page 128 Changing the start/end positions of horizontal lines By default, rhythmic position-attached horizontal lines start before notes/accidentals and end immediately after the last note, chord, or rest at their end rhythmic position.
Lines Changing the body style of lines Horizontal line ending after final note Horizontal line ending centered on Horizontal line ending before the final notehead following note Changing the body style of lines You can change the body style of individual lines without changing their caps. PROCEDURE 1. Select the lines whose body style you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. NOTE You must select either only horizontal lines or only vertical lines. 2.
Lines Changing the direction of lines 3. ● To change the segment start cap of the selected horizontal lines on subsequent systems, activate Continuation cap. ● To change the segment end cap of the selected horizontal lines on previous systems to where the lines end, activate Continuation end cap. Select the style you want from each menu. RESULT The corresponding caps of the selected lines are changed. NOTE This does not affect the body style of the selected lines.
Lines Adding text to lines Adding text to lines You can add text to both horizontal and vertical lines, for example, to clarify the intention of the line. PROCEDURE 1. Select the lines to which you want to add text. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. NOTE You must select either only horizontal lines or only vertical lines. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Text in either the Horizontal Lines or Vertical Lines group. 3. Enter the text you want into the value field. 4. Press Return .
Lines Adding text to lines Changing the position of text relative to horizontal lines You can change the position of text relative to horizontal lines individually, for example, to show text above horizontal lines. By default, text is centered on horizontal lines. PROCEDURE 1. Select the horizontal lines whose text position you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Text position in the Horizontal Lines group. 3.
Lines Adding text to lines RESULT The position of text relative to the selected vertical lines is changed. EXAMPLE Text Left Text Centered Text Right Changing the placement of text relative to lines You can change the placement of text relative to lines individually, for example, to show text at the start of horizontal lines or the top of vertical lines. By default, text appears in the center of lines. PROCEDURE 1. Select the lines whose text placement you want to change.
Lines Adding text to lines Forcing line text to be horizontal You can force the text of individual lines always to appear horizontal, for example, to make text on vertical lines easier to read. PROCEDURE 1. Select the lines whose text you want to keep horizontal. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. NOTE You must select either only horizontal lines or only vertical lines. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Keep text horizontal in either the Horizontal Lines or Vertical Lines group.
Lines Adding text to lines Erasing the background of line text You can erase the background of text shown on individual lines, for example, to ensure they remain legible if they appear inside the staff. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the lines whose text backgrounds you want to erase.
Lines Lines in Engrave mode NOTE You must select either only horizontal lines or only vertical lines. 2. 3. In the Properties panel, activate the Erasure padding properties, individually or together, in either the Horizontal Lines or Vertical Lines group. ● L changes the padding between line text and their left edge. ● R changes the padding between line text and their right edge. ● T changes the padding between line text and their top edge.
Rehearsal marks Rehearsal marks are ordered sequences of letters or numbers that provide reference points in music for multiple players, such as indicating significant changes in the music. They allow performers to co-ordinate easily in rehearsals and make the chronological sequence of the music clear. In Dorico for iPad, rehearsal marks follow an automatic sequence where each rehearsal mark has a unique index, ensuring there are never duplicate rehearsal marks.
Rehearsal marks Changing the index of rehearsal marks You can move rehearsal marks to different rhythmic positions in Write mode. They are automatically positioned to avoid collisions. The vertical spacing between the top two staves is increased to allow room for the rehearsal mark and the tempo marks. You can move rehearsal marks graphically in Engrave mode, but this does not change the rhythmic positions to which they are attached.
Rehearsal marks Changing the rehearsal mark sequence type RESULT The selected rehearsal mark changes according to the Index value and its sequence type. Any subsequent rehearsal marks without index changes in the same sequence follow the new index automatically. For example, if you changed a rehearsal mark from A to P, the next rehearsal mark changes from B to Q. TIP You can also change the sequence type of rehearsal marks, for example, if you want rehearsal mark C to appear as rehearsal mark 3.
Rehearsal marks Adding prefixes/suffixes to rehearsal marks Adding prefixes/suffixes to rehearsal marks You can add both prefixes and suffixes to individual rehearsal marks. PROCEDURE 1. Select the rehearsal marks to which you want to add a prefix or suffix. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate one of the following properties in the Rehearsal Marks group: ● Prefix ● Suffix 3. Enter the text you want into the value field. 4. Press Return .
Markers Markers are labels locked to a particular position in time, most commonly in relation to a video. They typically indicate an important moment that requires musical prominence, and composers often use them to help shape the writing process. Markers on a timecode staff showing custom text and timecodes By default, markers in Dorico for iPad show the default text “Marker” and also include the timecode of their fixed position in time.
Markers Changing the vertical position of markers RESULT Markers are hidden/shown in the selected layouts. Changing the vertical position of markers You can show markers above the system, below the system, or on a separate single-line timecode staff above a selected bracketed instrument family group, which can make them clearer in the score. When markers are shown on a timecode staff, timecodes are also automatically shown below the timecode staff. NOTE You cannot show multiple timecode staves in a system.
Markers Editing marker text RELATED LINKS Changing the vertical position of timecodes on page 735 Changing the timecode frequency on page 736 Layout Options dialog on page 63 Editing marker text The default text shown in new markers is “Marker”. You can change the text shown in each marker individually. PROCEDURE 1. Select the markers whose text you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Marker text in the Markers group. 3.
Timecodes Timecodes indicate an exact position in time, usually in the context of a video. They allow precise synchronization between multiple elements, such as music and moving images, and can be used as a reference tool. Timecodes are displayed in the format hh:mm:ss:ff, which is two-digit hours, minutes, seconds, and frames. A timecode on a timecode staff By default, timecodes appear in markers.
Timecodes Changing the timecode frequency By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Markers and Timecode in the category list. 4. In the Timecode subsection, choose one of the following options for Show timecode: 5.
Timecodes Changing the timecode frequency By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Markers and Timecode in the category list. 4. Optional: If the selected layouts do not show timecodes on a separate staff, choose Timecode staff for Vertical position. 5.
Repeat endings For music with repeated passages, repeat endings show which bars are played at the end of each repetition, with different endings each time if required. They are also known as “volta lines”, or as “first and second endings”, but in this documentation, we refer to them as “repeat endings”. Repeat endings comprise two or more segments, where each segment contains a different possible ending.
Repeat endings Lengthening/Shortening segments in repeat endings 2. In the Properties panel, activate No. times played in the Repeat Endings group. 3. Change the value in the value field. NOTE You cannot have fewer playthroughs than the number of segments. RESULT The total number of playthroughs in the selected repeat endings is changed. Dorico for iPad adds additional playthroughs to the last closed segment in the repeat ending.
Repeat endings Positions of repeat endings NOTE You can only lengthen/shorten one repeat ending segment at a time. 2. Select the circular handle at the end of the segment you want to lengthen/shorten. The selected handle in the middle has a thicker line. 3. Click and drag the handle to the right/left to snap it to the next/previous barline. NOTE Segments must contain at least one bar. 4. Optional: Repeat steps 1 to 3 for each segment in the repeat ending.
Repeat endings Editing repeat ending text Repeat endings are categorized as system objects in Dorico for iPad, which you can show above the first bracket of selected instrument families. You can change the instrument families above which system objects appear in each layout independently, for example, if you want repeat endings to appear at multiple vertical positions in each system in the full score only.
Repeat endings Lengthening/Shortening repeat ending hooks ● Open, short ● Open, full length ● Closed RESULT The end of the line of the final segment in the selected repeat endings is changed. Lengthening/Shortening repeat ending hooks You can lengthen/shorten the hooks in repeat endings individually. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. NOTE You cannot change the hook length of an individual segment in a repeat ending.
Repeat markers Repeat markers show that musical material is to be repeated, but unlike repeat endings, repeat markers often involve jumping to different positions and sections in the music instead of moving through the music consecutively. In Dorico for iPad, repeat markers are divided into the following types: Repeat jumps Specify the position from which players or playback must jump, such as D.C. al Coda. You can qualify the conditions under which repeat jumps are used, such as “second time only”.
Repeat markers Changing the index for repeat markers Changing the index for repeat markers You can change the index of individual repeat markers, for example, if a flow requires two different codas with different symbols so players can tell them apart. By default, all repeat markers of the same type have the same appearance, even when there are multiple repeat markers in the flow. NOTE You cannot change the index of Fine or D.C. repeat markers. PROCEDURE 1.
Repeat markers Editing repeat marker text 2. In the Properties panel, activate Custom text in the Repeat Markers group. 3. Enter the text you want into the value field. 4. Press Return . RESULT The text shown in the selected repeat markers is changed. Segno symbols and coda symbols in D.C./D.S. repeat jumps are removed and replaced with your custom text.
Repeat markers Positions of repeat markers EXAMPLE Repeat marker without word wrapping Repeat marker with word wrapping RELATED LINKS Layout Options dialog on page 63 Changing the property scope on page 128 Positions of repeat markers Repeat markers are placed above the staff by default, and at the same positions as other system objects. Coda sections are separated from the preceding music by a gap in the system. You can move repeat markers to different rhythmic positions in Write mode.
Repeat markers Positions of repeat markers By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Staves and Systems in the category list. 4. In the Repeat Markers section, choose one of the following options for Default placement for repeat jumps and ‘Fine’: 5.
Bar repeats Bar repeats indicate that the musical material in preceding bars must be repeated exactly, but without notating that material again. Bar repeats can comprise groups of one, two, or four bars. For example, a one-bar repeat indicates that the material in one bar is repeated, meaning every bar in the region repeats the same material. A four-bar repeat indicates that the material in the previous four bars is repeated.
Bar repeats Changing the length of the repeated phrase in bar repeat regions Lengthening/Shortening items on page 322 Hiding/Showing multi-bar rests on page 770 Types of barlines on page 429 Changing the length of the repeated phrase in bar repeat regions You can change the number of bars that make up the repeated phrase in individual bar repeats after you have input them, for example, if you want the region to repeat the previous two bars rather than the previous four bars.
Bar repeats Bar repeat counts Bar repeat counts Bar repeat counts are numbers shown at regular intervals either above or below bar repeats, to help players keep track of how many bars have passed. The intervals are usually based on typical musical phrases, such as every four or eight bars. NOTE Bar repeat counts are only shown on one-bar repeat regions.
Bar repeats Bar repeat counts RESULT The number and position of bar repeat counts on the selected bar repeats is changed. For example, changing the start count from 1 to 2, with counts shown every four bars, causes the count to appear on the second bar in the bar repeat region instead of the third.
Bar repeats Bar repeat grouping PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the one-bar repeats whose count appearance you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Count appearance in the Bar Repeat Regions group. 3.
Bar repeats Bar repeat grouping Changing bar repeat grouping You can change how bar repeats are grouped after they have been input, for example, if you want to group a region of one-bar repeats every two bars. PROCEDURE 1. Select the bar repeat regions whose grouping you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Rhythm slashes Rhythm slashes are diagonal lines positioned on staves that are used to indicate that performers should play something, but without specifying the exact rhythms and pitches. They are often accompanied by chord symbols to indicate the set of notes the performer should use. There are two different types of rhythm slashes: Slashes with stems Slashes with stems usually indicate the rhythm to be played, but not the pitches. Also known as “rhythmic notation”.
Rhythm slashes Slashes in multiple-voice contexts In Write mode, each region has a handle at the start and end, which you can use to move and lengthen/shorten regions. When two different slash regions are adjacent, they alternate highlight colors to ensure the separate regions are always identifiable.
Rhythm slashes Slashes in multiple-voice contexts You can also control the positions of rhythm slashes relative to each other manually by changing their stem/voice direction and by changing their staff position.
Rhythm slashes Slashes in multiple-voice contexts 3. ● Notes and Rests for notes in slash voices ● Slash Regions for slash regions Change the value in the value field. RESULT The staff position of the selected rhythm slashes is changed. For example, changing the Slash pos. value to 4 positions rhythm slashes on the top line of a five-line staff, while -4 positions them on the bottom line. If any of the rhythm slashes have stems, their stem direction is adjusted automatically.
Rhythm slashes Splitting slash regions misleading. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. By default, Dorico for iPad automatically shows implicit padding rests around slash regions that start/end partway through bars, so that the full duration of each bar is clear. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select any part of each slash region whose padding rests you want to hide/show.
Rhythm slashes Hiding/Showing stems in slash regions Hiding/Showing stems in slash regions You can hide/show stems and beams, where applicable, on slashes in individual slash regions. By default, slashes in slash regions are shown without stems. PROCEDURE 1. Select any part of each slash region in which you want to hide/show stems. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Slash type in the Slash Regions group. 3.
Rhythm slashes Slash region counts RESULT The number and position of counts on the selected slash regions is changed. For example, changing the start count from 1 to 2, with counts shown every four bars, causes the count to appear on the third bar in the slash region instead of the fourth. EXAMPLE Two separate slash regions, where the start count on the second region has been changed so it appears to continue on from the first region.
Rhythm slashes Slash region counts RESULT The appearance of counts on the selected slash regions is changed. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 Changing the staff-relative placement of slash region counts You can show the counts on individual slash regions either above or below the staff.
Rests Rests are markings with a rhythmic value that indicate no note is played for that duration. Each note duration has an equivalent rest, for example, a quarter note rest is different to a sixteenth note rest. All notes and rests within a bar must add up to the duration of the bar, according to the prevailing time signature. Dorico for iPad automatically fills the gaps between notes with implicit rests of the appropriate duration. Therefore, it is usually not necessary to input rests in Dorico for iPad.
Rests Implicit vs. explicit rests Rests stay within the staff wherever possible. They do not move above or below the staff when the notes around them are very high or very low. However, on staves with multiple voices, rests are placed higher on the staff, or above the staff, for up-stem voices and lower on the staff, or below the staff, for down-stem voices. Example rest positions in a multiple-voice context Rests in multiple voices must not overlap.
Rests Implicit vs. explicit rests RELATED LINKS Inputting rests on page 169 Inputting notes on page 145 Deleting rests on page 766 Forcing the duration of notes/rests on page 153 Turning explicit rests into implicit rests on page 765 Implicit rests in multiple-voice contexts In Dorico for iPad, implicit rests are shown automatically to fill in rhythmic positions around notes, including when there are multiple voices on the staff.
Rests Per-flow notation options for rests You can choose when rests are shown in a number of different multiple-voice contexts in each flow independently on the Rests page in Notation Options. RELATED LINKS Notation Options dialog on page 136 Per-flow notation options for rests on page 765 Moving rests vertically on page 765 Turning explicit rests into implicit rests Implicit rests and explicit rests behave differently.
Rests Deleting rests particular rhythmic position. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. Moving rests vertically shows multiple rests at that rhythmic position if more than one voice on the staff has a rest of the same duration. By default, Dorico for iPad consolidates rests in multiple-voice contexts and automatically positions rests in multiple-voice contexts to avoid collisions. NOTE These steps do not apply to rests in percussion kits.
Rests Hiding/Showing bar rests in empty bars PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the rests you want to delete. TIP You can select rests individually, or make a larger selection that contains the rests you want to delete. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Remove Rests. RESULT All rests in the selection are deleted.
Rests Hiding/Showing bar rests in empty bars layouts where you want to include other instructions, such as verbal indications for performers to do something other than play notated pitches. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options. In the Layouts list, select the layouts in which you want to hide/show bar rests in empty bars.
Rests Multi-bar rests 6. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT Bar rests are shown between notes and explicit rests in all voices in the selected flows when you choose Show bar rests, and hidden when you choose Omit bar rests. NOTE Show bar rests does not automatically show bar rests in empty bars before the first note or explicit rest in additional voices. For additional voices that do not start in the first bar, you must input a bar rest in the first bar manually.
Rests Multi-bar rests Hiding/Showing multi-bar rests You can hide/show multi-bar rests in each layout independently, and choose whether bar repeats are consolidated into multi-bar rests. For example, you can hide multi-bar rests in full score layouts but show multi-bar rests in part layouts. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Slurs Slurs are tapered, curved lines that join notes to indicate legato articulation and phrasing. Depending on the context and the instrument to which they apply, slurs can have additional meanings to simply marking phrases. For example, for wind players, a slur indicates that all the notes in the phrase are played in the same breath and without re-tonguing or re-articulating any notes. For string players, a slur indicates that all the notes in the phrase are played legato and under one bow.
Slurs General placement conventions for slurs Short slurs that cover large pitch ranges on page 776 Slurs over system and frame breaks on page 775 Slur curvature direction on page 780 Slur position relative to tie chains There are different conventions for the position of slurs relative to tie chains in music for modern use and historical editions. Modern practice is for slurs to start on the first note in tie chains, and end on the last note in tie chains.
Slurs General placement conventions for slurs RESULT The position of the selected slurs relative to tie chains is changed. Slur placement relative to grace notes There are specific placement rules that affect slurs when they start from a grace note and end on a normal note immediately following the grace note. These rules are: ● Slurs connect noteheads rather than stems. ● Slurs are scaled to match the proportions of grace notes. ● Slurs must not obscure ledger lines.
Slurs General placement conventions for slurs Slur endpoint positions In order to avoid collisions, the default positions of slur endpoints vary depending on whether slurs are placed on the notehead side or stem side of notes, their position relative to staff lines, and whether articulations, ties, and other slurs exist at the same rhythmic position.
Slurs General placement conventions for slurs Slurs over system and frame breaks Slurs automatically cross system breaks and frame breaks, appearing in two parts on either side of the break. By default, the endpoints of slurs that cross system/frame breaks are positioned at least 1/2 space outside the outer staff line and at a suitable position based on the pitch contour of the phrase before/after the break, that is, indicating whether the phrase rises or falls after the break.
Slurs General placement conventions for slurs Enabling/Disabling slur collision avoidance You can allow or prevent individual slurs from automatically adjusting to avoid collisions. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the slurs whose collision avoidance you want to enable/disable. 2.
Slurs Slur styles ● The control point at the lower end of the slur does not extend outside the width of the slur, as marked by its neighboring endpoint. ● The control point at the higher end of the slur does not form an angle greater than 90 degrees relative to the endpoints. You can use the dashed lines to help you judge this.
Slurs Slur styles Editorial Slurs appear as solid black lines, but with a smaller vertical line intersecting them exactly halfway along their length, perpendicular to the curve of the slur. Used to show that a slur was added by the editor and was not present in the original source. Changing the style of slurs You can change the style of individual slurs after they have been input. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains.
Slurs Slur styles PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the dashed/dotted slurs whose dash length/dot size you want to change. 2. In the Properties panel, activate one of the following properties in the Slurs group: 3. ● For dashed slurs, activate Dash length. ● For dotted slurs, activate Dot size. Change the value in the value field. RESULT Increasing the value makes dashes longer and dots bigger, decreasing the value makes dashes shorter and dots smaller.
Slurs Slur curvature direction It can be more effective to modify them rather than changing their curvature style, for example, by making an individual slur thicker/thinner, adjusting the shoulder offset of slurs, or adjusting their height using their slur height handles in Engrave mode. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the slurs whose curvature style you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Slurs Slur curvature direction Forces slurs to curve downwards, and appear below notes. Up/Down Forces slurs to comprise two segments: the first curves upwards, the second curves downwards to create a mirrored S-shape. It is typically used when phrases start in the lower staff and end in the upper staff, for example, in piano parts. Down/Up Forces slurs to comprise two segments: the first curves downwards, the second curves upwards to create an S-shape.
Slurs Cross-staff and cross-voice slurs TIP You can adjust the precise shapes of slurs, and each slur segment, in Engrave mode using the handles on each slur. RELATED LINKS Slurs in Engrave mode on page 788 Changing the shape of slurs on page 790 Changing the property scope on page 128 Cross-staff and cross-voice slurs Cross-staff slurs start on one staff and end on another staff, and cross-voice slurs start in one voice and end in another voice.
Slurs Nested slurs A phrase with nested slurs You can input nested slurs in the same ways as inputting standard slurs. By default, Dorico for iPad makes automatic adjustments to their positioning to avoid collisions if you have not activated Disable auto curve adjustment in the Slurs group of the Properties panel in Engrave mode. RELATED LINKS Slur collision avoidance on page 775 Inputting nested slurs You can input nested slurs, both during note input and by adding them to existing notes.
Slurs Nested slurs ● To start the inner slur on the same note as the outer slur during note input, press S or click Slur in the Notes panel. ● To start the inner slur on a later note during note input, input notes or advance the caret in the manually to where you want the inner slur to start, then press S or click Slur Notes panel. NOTE If you added nested slurs to existing notes, stop here. 4. During note input, input the notes you want to include in the inner slur.
Slurs Linked slurs Linked slurs Slurs of the same duration at the same rhythmic position on multiple staves can be linked together. This happens automatically when you copy and paste slurs or material including slurs between staves, or enter them simultaneously. If slurs are linked, moving one slur in the linked group moves any slurs linked to it in the same way. Similarly, lengthening or shortening a slur in a linked group lengthens or shortens any slurs linked to it in the same way.
Slurs Slur segments RELATED LINKS Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Unlinking slurs You can unlink slurs manually that were automatically linked together, for example, if you want to lengthen/shorten them independently of each other. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select a slur from each linked group you no longer want to be linked. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu and choose Slurs > Unlink. RESULT All slurs linked to the selected slurs are unlinked.
Slurs Slur segments An unusual slur shape created using five segments. The same slur, showing the positions of the handles of all five segments. RELATED LINKS Changing the shape of slurs on page 790 Slurs in Engrave mode on page 788 Multi-segment slurs in Engrave mode on page 788 Changing the number of segments in individual slurs You can change the number of segments in individual slurs, for example, to allow you to create slurs with unusual shapes.
Slurs Slurs in Engrave mode Slurs in Engrave mode In Engrave mode, each slur has five square handles that you can move independently. When using slur handles to edit slurs in Engrave mode, each handle adjusts the corresponding part of the slur but can also affect the positions of other handles on the slur.
Slurs Slurs in Engrave mode 1 Left endpoint 2 Left control point 3 Slur height 4 Right control point 5 Center control point 6 Left control point 7 Slur height 8 Right control point 9 Right endpoint You can select and move each handle in the same ways as for standard slurs; however, handles on multi-segment slurs are connected between adjacent segments.
Slurs Slurs in Engrave mode Changing the shape of slurs You can change the shape of individual slurs and move slurs/slur handles graphically, for example, if you want to adjust an endpoint relative to an individual notehead. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. This only changes the appearance of slurs, and does not change the rhythmic positions to which they are attached.
Slurs Slurs in Engrave mode ● End offset moves the right endpoints of slurs. X moves them horizontally, Y moves them vertically. ● Start handle offset moves the left control points of slurs. X moves them horizontally, Y moves them vertically. ● End handle offset moves the right control points of slurs. X moves them horizontally, Y moves them vertically. For example, if you move a whole slur upwards and to the right, all of its handles are moved so all properties are activated.
Slurs Slurs in Engrave mode ● To move the endpoints a small amount, press Ctrl/Cmd - Shift plus the standard key command, for example, Cmd-Shift-Opt-Up Arrow . This moves endpoints by 1/32 space per press. ● Click and drag the endpoints in any direction. RESULT The angle or rotation of the selected slurs is changed without affecting their shape. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Slurs Slur height RELATED LINKS Changing the property scope on page 128 Slur height The height of slurs determines how far above/below notes slurs extend vertically. Increasing the height of slurs makes them extend further from the staff. This gives them a rounder shape, which takes up more vertical space. Where vertical space is limited, there should be a balance between how curved slurs are, which can help readability for players, and ensuring staves do not overlap.
Slurs Slur shoulder offset ● To move them upwards/downwards a moderate amount, press Shift plus the standard key command, for example, Shift-Opt-Up Arrow . This moves handles by 1/2 space per press. ● To move them upwards/downwards a small amount, press Ctrl/Cmd - Shift plus the standard key command, for example, Cmd-Shift-Opt-Up Arrow . This moves handles by 1/32 space per press. ● Click and drag them upwards/downwards. RESULT The height of the selected slurs is changed.
Slurs Slur shoulder offset PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. In Engrave mode, select one of the control point handles on each of the slurs whose shoulders you want to adjust in any of the following ways: ● Select a whole slur and press Tab to cycle through the handles until the one you want to move is selected. ● Click the handle you want to move. ● In the secondary toolbar, activate Add to Selection multiple slurs.
Slurs Slurs in playback Slurs in playback Slurs trigger the legato playing technique in playback. By default, this increases the length of the MIDI notes without affecting the notation of the music. Slurred notes sound for 105% of the length indicated by their notated rhythm, as opposed to non-slurred notes which sound for 95% of their notated rhythm. The final note of a slur sounds for 95% of its notated rhythm, as there is no slur after it and the legato technique is no longer required.
Staff labels Staff labels are used to identify staves in music containing multiple players, and are positioned to the left of systems, before the initial barline of each system. Staff labels indicate the instrument or instruments currently playing the music on the staff or staves to which they apply. It is usual to show instrument names in full in the staff labels for the first systems in each flow, and abbreviated instrument names in the staff labels of subsequent systems.
Staff labels Instrument names in staff labels ● Staff labels do not show all instruments held by players, for example, in the staff label for the first system. You should include a comprehensive instrumentation list that shows any doubling at the front of your score.
Staff labels Hiding/Showing staff labels Hiding/Showing staff labels You can show full or abbreviated instrument names in staff labels, or hide all staff labels entirely, in each layout independently. The first system in each flow and all subsequent systems can have different staff label lengths. By default, full staff labels are shown on the first system of each flow and abbreviated staff labels are shown on subsequent systems in full score layouts.
Staff labels Hiding/Showing staff labels at system/frame breaks Edit Instrument Names dialog on page 107 Hiding/Showing staff labels at system/frame breaks on page 800 Staff labels on condensed staves on page 805 Staff labels for percussion kits on page 804 Changing the minimum indent for systems with staff labels You can change the minimum indent for all systems that show staff labels to optimize horizontal space in each layout independently. PROCEDURE 1. 2.
Staff labels Instrument transpositions in staff labels ● Full ● Abbreviated ● None RESULT Staff labels are hidden/shown on the corresponding systems to the selected system/frame breaks. Horizontal spacing is automatically adjusted so the system fills the width of the music frame. ● None hides staff labels. ● Full and Abbreviated show staff labels using the corresponding instrument name length. Deactivating the property returns any selected system break signposts to your per-layout settings.
Staff labels Instrument transpositions in staff labels RELATED LINKS Edit Instrument Names dialog on page 107 Transposing instruments on page 78 Changing instrument names on page 106 Hiding/Showing staff labels on page 799 Hiding/Showing instrument transpositions in staff labels You can hide/show instrument transpositions in staff labels in each layout independently. For example, you can hide instrument transpositions in staff labels in full score layouts but show them in part layouts. PROCEDURE 1. 2.
Staff labels Hiding/Showing instrument change labels at the start of flows Changing the position of instrument transpositions in full staff labels You can show instrument transpositions before/after instrument names in staff labels in each layout independently. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Staff labels Staff labels for percussion kits 5. Click Apply, then Close. RESULT Instrument change labels are shown in the first bar of each flow in the selected layouts when Show instrument change label at start of flow is activated, and hidden when it is deactivated. RELATED LINKS Instrument changes on page 76 Editing the default instrument change label text on page 77 Staff labels for percussion kits The staff labels shown for percussion kit staves depend on how kits are presented in your project.
Staff labels Staff labels on condensed staves ● 5-line staff: Open the Edit Instrument Names dialog from the Players panel in Setup mode, or use the Name field in the Edit Percussion Kit dialog, to change the name of the kit. ● Grid/Single-line instruments: Open the Edit Instrument Names dialog from inside the Edit Percussion Kit dialog in Setup mode to change the names of individual instruments.
Staff labels Staff labels on condensed staves RELATED LINKS Hiding/Showing staff labels on page 799 Condensing on page 401 806 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Staves A staff is a line or group of lines on which musical notes are notated to indicate the pitch and rhythm of music. Pitched instruments use the traditional five-line staff and unpitched instruments often use a single-line staff. Notes are positioned on the lines and in the spaces on five-line staves, and can also use ledger lines above/below the staff to represent pitches that cannot fit on the staff.
Staves Extra staves You can change other aspects of staves on the Staves and Systems page in Layout Options. For example, you can change which staff labels are shown on systems, indent the first system of each flow, and fix the number of bars included in each system. You can also select above which staves system objects appear, according to their instrument families.
Staves Ossia staves Ossia staves Ossia staves are smaller staves shown above/below the main staff of an instrument. They are used to show alternative phrases that can be played instead of the original phrase, such as suggestions for ornaments, alternative notations from other sources, or an easier version. In Dorico for iPad, you cannot add ossia staves. However, ossia staves are shown if you import or open a project that contains them.
Staves System dividers Hiding/Showing system dividers You can change the circumstances in which system dividers are shown, including specifying the minimum number of players required to show them, in each layout independently. For example, if you only want to show system dividers between systems that contain different numbers of staves. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Staves System objects 4. 5. In the System Dividers section, choose one of the following options for Appearance: ● Default ● Long ● Extra long Click Apply, then Close. System objects System objects are items that apply to all staves in the system and appear in all layouts, but are not necessary to show on every staff in full score layouts.
Staves System indents Changing the positions of system objects You can show system objects above different instrument families in each layout independently. Multiple items are categorized as system objects, including system text, rehearsal marks, tempo marks, repeat markers, and repeat endings. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options.
Staves System indents A violin part with the first system indented In Dorico for iPad, system indents automatically adjust to accommodate staff labels. For example, if a system contains a staff label that is significantly longer than the minimum system indent, Dorico for iPad increases the indent on that system to ensure the staff label remains legible and is not cut off on the left edge or collides with the music.
Divisi Divisi is when players split, or “divide”, in order to play multiple lines of music, commonly for a limited passage, before returning to play together, or “tutti”. Divisi passages can be notated with all lines on a single staff or across multiple staves. Divisi is a technique most commonly used in orchestral string writing, as the string section typically contains a large number of players compared to the number of staves.
Tablature Tablature is an alternative notation to the five-line staff, and is used for fretted instruments. On tablature, pitches are indicated by fret numbers positioned on lines, each of which represents a string on the instrument. As tablature is commonly used for guitars, it usually shows six lines.
Tablature Rhythms on tablature Guitar techniques on page 660 Ties on page 839 Trills on page 621 Rhythms on tablature When notation staves and tablature are both shown, it is customary only to notate rhythms on the notation staff. However, when only tablature is shown, it is necessary to show rhythms on tablature.
Tablature Changing the allocated string for notes on tablature 4. In the Fretted Instruments section, choose one of the following options for each player holding at least one fretted instrument in your project: ● To show only notation staves and hide tablature, choose Notation only. ● To show both notation staves and tablature, choose Notation and tablature. ● To show only tablature and hide notation staves, choose Tablature only. 5.
Tablature Changing the allocated string for notes on tablature PROCEDURE 1. On tablature, select the fret numbers of notes whose allocated string you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. NOTE You must select fret numbers on tablature, you cannot select the notes on notation staves. 2. Change their allocated string in any of the following ways: ● To move them up a string, press N . ● To move them down a string, press M .
Stems Stems are vertical lines that extend from noteheads that are a half note or shorter in duration. In combination with notehead design, they allow the duration of each note to be clearly identified. For example, quarter notes (crotchets) and eighth notes (quavers) both have solid black noteheads and stems, but eighth notes also have flags on their stems. 16th notes have two flags, 32nd notes have three flags, and so on.
Stems Stem direction The default stem direction depends on the instrument type. By default, the stems of notes on the middle lines of staves point downwards on instrumental staves and upwards on vocal staves, to avoid lyrics.
Stems Stem direction ● If the chord is equally balanced on either side of the middle line of the staff, the stem direction is determined by the stem directions of any adjacent notes, beam groups, or chords. If they both have the same stem direction, the chord matches them. If the adjacent notes, beam groups, or chords have different stem directions, equally balanced chords follow the default stem direction. The default stem direction depends on the instrument type.
Stems Stem direction ● 2. Changing the stem direction in Write mode only affects the first note in the tie chain. Change the stem direction in one of the following ways: ● To change the stem direction to up, click Context Menu choose Stem > Force Stem Up. ● To change the stem direction to down, click Context Menu and choose Stem > Force Stem Down. in the secondary toolbar and in the secondary toolbar RESULT The stem direction of the selected notes is changed.
Stems Stem length 2. Change the default stem direction of the selected voice in one of the following ways: ● To change the default stem direction to up, click Context Menu toolbar and choose Voices > Default Stems Up. ● To change the default stem direction to down, click Context Menu toolbar and choose Voices > Default Stems Down.
Stems Hiding stems ● To move shorten stems a standard amount, press Opt-Down Arrow . This shortens stems by 1/8 space per press. ● To move lengthen stems a standard amount, press Opt-Up Arrow . This lengthens stems by 1/8 space per press. TIP To lengthen/shorten stems by large increments, press Ctrl/Cmd as well as the standard key command, for example, Cmd-Opt-Up Arrow . For moderate increments, press Shift as well as the standard key command, for example, Shift-Opt-Up Arrow .
Stems Hiding stems RELATED LINKS Lengthening/Shortening stems on page 823 Notehead set designs on page 592 Pitch-dependent notehead set designs on page 595 Inputting notes on page 145 825 Dorico for iPad 1.2.
Tempo marks Tempo marks indicate how fast music is played, often with a combination of text instructions and metronome marks. They are also known as “tempo changes”, “tempo indications”, and “tempo markings”. A tempo mark can show text instructions, a metronome mark, or a combination of the two.
Tempo marks Types of tempo marks System objects on page 811 Changing the positions of system objects on page 812 Layout Options dialog on page 63 Types of tempo marks Dorico for iPad groups tempo marks into different types according to their function and effect on the music. The following tempo changes are available in the Tempo panel in Write mode, but you can also input all types of tempo changes using the tempo popover.
Tempo marks Tempo mark components Text shown Shows text when activated, and no text when deactivated. Metronome mark shown Shows metronome marks when activated, and no metronome marks when deactivated. Parenthesized Shows metronome marks in parentheses when activated, and without parentheses when deactivated. This also applies to approximate metronome marks. Is approximate Shows metronome marks as approximate when activated, and absolute when deactivated.
Tempo marks Tempo mark components ● Metronome mark shown ● Parenthesized ● Is approximate ● Approximate appearance (only available when Is approximate is activated) ● Show equals sign (only available when Is approximate is activated) RESULT The selected tempo marks are changed to include the corresponding components. When all properties are deactivated, tempo marks are hidden and indicated by signposts.
Tempo marks Positions of tempo marks Positions of tempo marks Tempo marks are placed above the staff and at the same positions as other system objects, because they usually apply to all staves. They are placed above notations such as slurs, ties, and octave lines, and are often aligned with rehearsal marks to ensure clear readability. By default in Dorico for iPad, tempo marks align with either a time signature or the notehead/ rest at the rhythmic position to which they apply.
Tempo marks Changing tempo text PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the gradual tempo changes whose end position relative to barlines you want to change. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Barline interaction in the Tempo group. 3. Choose one of the following options: ● Stop before ● Continue RESULT The end position of the selected gradual tempo changes is changed. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Tempo marks Hiding/Showing tempo marks PROCEDURE 1. In the music area, open the layout in which you want to show abbreviated tempo text. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. Select the tempo marks you want to show with abbreviated text. 3. In the Properties panel, activate Abbreviation in the Tempo group. 4. Enter the text you want into the value field. 5. Activate Abbreviate in the Tempo group. 6. Activate the corresponding checkbox.
Tempo marks Metronome marks Metronome marks Tempo marks often include a metronome mark value. Metronome marks show the speed of the music, indicated in beats per minute, or “bpm”. For example, a bpm of 60 means one beat per second. The more beats per minute, the faster the music. A metronome mark shown as a range Metronome marks can be precise, such as = 176, or can indicate an acceptable range, such as = 152-176.
Tempo marks Metronome marks NOTE ● By default, any decimals you enter are hidden and the displayed metronome mark value appears as the nearest integer. However, metronome marks always reflect their exact values in playback. ● You can also change the metronome mark value by opening the tempo popover and changing the entry.
Tempo marks Gradual tempo changes RESULT The tempo at the relative tempo mark is changed. For example, if the previous tempo was 100 bpm, and you change a relative tempo mark to 90, the new tempo is 90% of 100 bpm, which is 90 bpm. Changing the final tempo at the end of gradual tempo changes You can change how significantly gradual tempo changes affect the tempo in playback, expressed as a percentage of the tempo at the start of the gradual tempo change. PROCEDURE 1.
Tempo marks Gradual tempo changes Changing the final tempo at the end of gradual tempo changes on page 835 Changing the style of gradual tempo changes You can change the style of individual gradual tempo changes. Gradual tempo changes can appear as text only with no continuation line, text with a continuation line, or with the word spread across their duration. PROCEDURE 1. Select the gradual tempo changes whose style you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Tempo marks Gradual tempo changes PROCEDURE 1. Select the gradual tempo changes whose line style you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Line style in the Tempo group. 3. Select one of the following options from the menu: ● Solid ● Dotted ● Dashed RESULT The line style of the selected gradual tempo changes is changed.
Tempo marks Tempo equations Changing the line thickness of gradual tempo changes You can change the thickness of dashed and solid lines in individual gradual tempo changes. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. NOTE These steps only apply to gradual tempo changes with dashed and solid lines. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1.
Ties A tie is a curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch. When notes are longer than the maximum duration of a bar in the prevailing time signature, they automatically appear in Dorico for iPad as tie chains, that is, a sequence of adjacent notes joined with ties. Each sequence of ties, whether they join two notes or ten notes together, represents a single note with the duration of all the tied notes combined.
Ties General placement conventions for ties ● When you tie existing notes together, they might be consolidated into fewer or more notes within a tie chain, depending on the musical context, the time signature, and the position of the start of the note in the bar. ● Articulations can only appear once on each tie chain, either at the start or the end, depending on the type of articulation. For example, staccato marks appear at the end whereas accents appear at the start.
Ties Ties vs. slurs For both conventions, Dorico for iPad automatically positions the ends of ties as close as possible to the notes that they join while avoiding collisions with other notations. The vertical placement of ties is also automatically adjusted in Dorico for iPad so that neither of the end points of ties, nor the apex of tie curves, starts or ends on a staff line. If this happens, it can cause the shape of ties to appear distorted, which makes the music harder to read.
Ties Tie styles Articulations on tied notes only affect the attack at the start of the tie chain and the release at the end of the tie chain. Two long notes tied together Two phrases with slurs Slurs indicate articulation, such as bowing or breathing, and normally group notes of different pitches together. Slurs can join two noteheads together with any number of pitches in between. They often indicate the shaping of phrases. Slurs can also be used in conjunction with articulation.
Ties Tie styles Half-dashed end The first halves of ties appear as solid lines, the second halves as dashed lines. Used to denote that a tie was written incompletely in the source in critical editions. Editorial Ties appear as solid black lines, but with a smaller vertical line intersecting them exactly halfway along their length. Used to show that ties were added by the editor and were not present in the source. Changing the style of ties You can change the style of individual ties.
Ties Tie styles Changing the size of dashes/dots in ties You can change the size of the dashes/dots in dashed/dotted ties individually. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. NOTE These steps only apply to dashed/dotted ties. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the dashed/dotted ties whose dash/dot size you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode.
Ties Tie curvature direction Tie curvature direction The direction of tie curvatures is determined by the stem direction of the notes/chords at each end of the tie, the number of notes in chords at each end, and the number of voices on the staff. Tied single notes in single-voice contexts If a single voice is active and a tie joins two single notes, tie curvature direction is determined by the stem directions of the notes at either end of the tie.
Ties Non-standard ties ● Any changes to tie chains in Write mode only affect the first tie in the chain. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Direction in the Ties group. 3. Choose one of the following options: ● Up ● Down RESULT The curvature direction of the selected ties is changed. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Ties Non-standard ties The start of a tie chain before a system break The end of the same tie chain, with a cautionary accidental in parentheses Ties across time signature changes Ties are automatically positioned between notes that span a time signature change. If ties crossing a time signature change are joining notes in the middle of a staff, the top or bottom of time signature changes are partially obscured by the ties.
Ties Hiding/Showing laissez vibrer ties RELATED LINKS Inputting ties on page 171 Hiding/Showing or parenthesizing accidentals on page 410 System breaks on page 390 Frame breaks on page 391 Note spacing on page 393 Hiding/Showing laissez vibrer ties You can add laissez vibrer ties to any note, for example, to specify which notes must not be stopped after being played but instead left to ring. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes on which you want to add a laissez vibrer tie.
Ties Deleting ties Deleting ties You can delete ties without deleting the notes to which they are attached. NOTE Deleting ties from tie chains removes all ties in the tie chain. If you want to remove single ties from longer tie chains, you can split the tie chain. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the tie chains from which you want to delete all ties. 2. Delete all ties in any of the following ways: ● Press U . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Scissors .
Ties Changing the shape/angle of ties 4. Optional: If you want to split the same tie chain in multiple places, move the caret to the next rhythmic position where you want to split the tie chain and repeat step 3. 5. Stop note input in any of the following ways: ● Press Esc or Return . ● In the Notes toolbox, click Start Note Input . RESULT The tie chain is split at the caret position.
Ties Tie shoulder offset ● To move them a standard amount to the right, left, up, or down, press Alt/Opt plus the corresponding arrow key. For example, press Opt-Left Arrow to move handles to the left. This moves slurs/handles by 1/8 space per press. ● To move them a large amount, press Ctrl/Cmd plus the standard key command, for example, Cmd-Opt-Left Arrow . This moves handles by 1 space per press.
Ties Tie shoulder offset A long tie with default shoulder offset A long tie with increased shoulder offset You can change the shoulder offset of ties individually by moving their control point handles in Engrave mode. Changing the shoulder offset of ties You can change the shoulder offset of individual ties. For example, you might want to change the shoulder offset of a few very short or very long ties in your project to improve their shape.
Ties Tie height TIP The following properties in the Ties group of the Properties panel are activated automatically when you move the corresponding tie handles: ● Start handle offset moves the left control points of ties. X moves them horizontally, Y moves them vertically. ● End handle offset moves the right control points of ties. X moves them horizontally, Y moves them vertically.
Ties Tie height ● To move them upwards/downwards by a standard amount, press Alt/Opt plus the corresponding arrow key. For example, press Opt-Up Arrow to move handles upwards. This moves handles by 1/8 space per press. ● To move them upwards/downwards a large amount, press Ctrl/Cmd plus the standard key command, for example, Cmd-Opt-Up Arrow . This moves handles by 1 space per press.
Time signatures Time signatures indicate the meter of music, and apply to all bars from where they first appear until a subsequent change of time signature. Meter describes the rhythmic pulse of music, and its division into beats and bars. A time signature is made up of two parts: numerator on top, and denominator underneath. These are the same mathematical terms as are used for fractions due to their similar arrangement. 1 Numerator Specifies the number of beats in each bar for the time signature.
Time signatures General conventions for time signatures RELATED LINKS Time signature styles on page 862 Pick-up bars on page 859 Input methods for time signatures and pick-up bars on page 204 Beam grouping according to meters on page 448 Time Signatures (Meter) panel on page 207 Creating custom beat groupings for meters on page 464 Bars on page 424 Insert mode on page 161 General conventions for time signatures Over time, the placement and appearance of time signatures has developed conventions to ensure t
Time signatures Types of time signatures Types of time signatures There are different types of time signatures, which can indicate various and complex meters. NOTE Dorico for iPad uses the definitions for meters commonly used in American English. These definitions, such as which meters are considered simple and compound, might be different in other languages. Simple In simple time signatures, each beat is divided by two into equal groups of notes.
Time signatures Types of time signatures the piece can follow any of the time signatures in the set without having to restate the time signature. NOTE You must manually input the appropriate time signatures where you want them, as unlike alternating time signatures, there is no fixed pattern for them. Any time signatures you input that are specified in the interchangeable time signature are hidden automatically.
Time signatures Pick-up bars Pick-up bars Pick-up bars allow you to include music before the first full bar. They are also known as “upbeats” or an “anacrusis”. Often, pick-up bars only comprise a few beats whose main purpose is to lead in to the start of the piece. Pick-up bar of a single quarter note beat at the start of Chopin's Mazurka Op. 30 No. 2 Pieces that start with a pick-up bar have time signatures that are positioned at the start of the system as normal.
Time signatures Large time signatures RESULT Irregular bars at the start of the selected time signatures are defined as pick-up bars when Group first bar as pick-up and its corresponding checkbox are both activated, and defined as normal irregular bars when the corresponding checkbox is deactivated. When the property is deactivated, Dorico for iPad uses internal heuristics to define them as either pick-up bars or normal irregular bars automatically.
Time signatures Large time signatures Large time signatures shown on bracketed groups occupy horizontal space, which can be a significant amount when they are especially large and use the standard time signature design. Therefore, we recommend that you use one of the narrow designs in layouts that show large time signatures on bracketed groups.
Time signatures Time signature styles 3. Click Time Signatures in the category list. 4. Choose one of the following options for Time signature position and size: 5. ● Show on every staff ● Show once per bracket ● Show at system object positions Click Apply, then Close. RESULT The size and position of time signatures in the selected layouts is changed.
Time signatures Time signature styles X open style Penderecki’s symbol open style No symbol open style Interchangeable time signature separator styles Interchangeable time signatures can have different separator styles. You can specify the separator style when inputting interchangeable time signatures using the popover and for individual interchangeable time signatures after they have been input.
Time signatures Time signature styles Changing the denominator style of time signatures You can change the denominator style of individual time signatures, for example, if you want to show the denominator as a note instead of a number. PROCEDURE 1. Select the time signatures whose denominator style you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Denominator style in the Time Signatures group. 3.
Time signatures Positions of time signatures PROCEDURE 1. Select the interchangeable time signatures whose separator you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. NOTE In the Properties panel, Separator in the Time Signatures group is automatically activated for interchangeable time signatures. 2.
Time signatures Hiding/Showing time signatures RELATED LINKS System objects on page 811 Changing the positions of system objects on page 812 Changing the size and position of time signatures on page 861 Moving items graphically on page 351 Hiding/Showing time signatures You can hide/show time signatures without deleting them from your project. This hides/shows them in all layouts, not just the one currently open in the music area. PROCEDURE 1.
Time signatures Changing the design of time signatures By default, the layout currently open in the music area is selected when you open the dialog. You can select other layouts by using the selection options in the action bar or by clicking and dragging across multiple layouts. 3. Click Time Signatures in the category list. 4. Choose one of the following options for Time signature design: 5. ● Normal ● Narrow, serif ● Narrow, sans serif ● Plain font Click Apply, then Close.
Tremolos Tremolos are thick, slanted lines that cross individual stems or are positioned between multiple stems. They are used to indicate that notes are repeated, either individually or in sequences of multiple notes. Using tremolo strokes instead of notating each notehead can save horizontal space and make fast passages easier to read. The number of tremolo strokes indicates both how many times notes are repeated and how fast they are.
Tremolos General placement conventions for tremolos Measured tremolos The number of tremolo strokes corresponds to a precise rhythm in the prevailing tempo and meter. Unmeasured tremolos There is no link between the number of strokes and rhythm. Instead, unmeasured tremolos are played as fast as possible, whatever the tempo. Unmeasured tremolos often use three or more tremolo strokes, and can also be accompanied by a “trem.” text indication.
Tremolos Tremolos in tie chains has three tremolo strokes. This is because tremolo strokes function like beams, so two tremolo strokes and an eighth note stem flag is the equivalent of three tremolo strokes. However, there might be circumstances in which you want all notes to have the same number of tremolo strokes, whatever their duration. You can also start tremolos partway through tie chains, or stop tremolos partway through tie chains.
Tremolos Changing the speed of tremolos Changing the speed of tremolos You can change the speed of tremolos after they have been input by changing the number of strokes. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the notes with tremolos whose speed you want to change. The buttons with the number of tremolo strokes corresponding to your selection are highlighted in the Tremolos section of the Repeat Structures panel. NOTE Select single-note tremolos and multi-note tremolos separately. 2.
Tremolos Rhythmic positions of notes with tremolos EXAMPLE Notes with single-note tremolos and multi-note tremolo Notes with multi-note tremolo deleted but single-note tremolos remain Notes with both multi-note tremolo and single-note tremolos deleted Rhythmic positions of notes with tremolos You can move notes with single-note tremolos and multi-note tremolos to new rhythmic positions in the same ways as normal notes.
Tremolos Moving tremolo strokes ● To move them upwards/downwards by a standard amount, press Alt/Opt plus the corresponding arrow key. For example, press Opt-Up Arrow to move tremolo strokes upwards. This moves tremolo strokes by 1/8 space per press. ● To move them upwards/downwards a large amount, press Ctrl/Cmd plus the standard key command, for example, Cmd-Opt-Up Arrow . This moves tremolo strokes by 1 space per press.
Tuplets Tuplets indicate where a beat is divided into a different number of subdivisions than is usually expected according to the current meter. They can be used to fit more notes or fewer notes in a beat than usually exist in a beat, according to the usual pattern of subdivision. Because these subdivisions are not standard but tuplet notes use the same rhythmic notation as normal notes, tuplets must be clearly marked to show that their rhythmic duration is different.
Tuplets Nested tuplets Nested tuplets Nested tuplets are tuplets within larger tuplets that are often used to create complex rhythms. In Dorico for iPad, there is no limit to the number of levels you can have in nested tuplets. EXAMPLE Nested tuplets Inputting nested tuplets You can input nested tuplets in new, empty staves and you can select existing tuplets and input nested tuplets within them. PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, start note input. 2.
Tuplets Turning existing notes into tuplets If multiples of the inner tuplet do not fit exactly inside the outer tuplet, the inner tuplet stops automatically at the end of the last tuplet that fits in the outer tuplet. After that, the outer tuplet continues until you stop it manually. NOTE You can also input nested triplets by clicking Tuplets in the Notes toolbox when the caret is within an existing tuplet. However, you can only input one nested triplet at a time this way.
Tuplets Allowing/Disallowing tuplets to span barlines NOTE You must not select any of the noteheads in the tuplets. 2. Optional: If you want to retain all notes in the selected tuplets, press I to activate Insert mode. 3. Delete the selected tuplets in any of the following ways: ● Press Backspace or Delete . ● In the secondary toolbar, click Delete . RESULT The selected tuplets are deleted.
Tuplets Tuplet beams AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK You can beam notes in the selected tuplets together. RELATED LINKS Barlines on page 428 Beaming notes together manually on page 450 Tuplet brackets on page 878 Tuplet numbers/ratios on page 881 Tuplet beams Tuplet beams join notes in tuplets that can be joined with beams just like non-tuplet beams. You can make the same changes to tuplet beams that you can make to any other beam.
Tuplets Tuplet brackets Hiding/Showing tuplet brackets You can hide/show tuplet brackets independently of tuplet numbers/ratios. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1. Select the tuplet brackets you want to hide, or the signposts of tuplets whose brackets you want to show. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2.
Tuplets Tuplet brackets RESULT The placement of the selected tuplet brackets is changed. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. TIP ● Deactivating Placement returns the selected tuplets to their default placement. ● You can also switch selected tuplets between being above/below the staff or cross-staff above/cross-staff below by pressing F .
Tuplets Tuplet numbers/ratios PROCEDURE 1. Select the tuplet brackets whose angle you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Force horizontal in the Tuplets group. RESULT The selected tuplet brackets appear horizontal when the property is activated. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain.
Tuplets Tuplet numbers/ratios ● Ratio ● Ratio+note RESULT The tuplet number/ratio shown for the selected tuplets is changed. If you selected None, the tuplet numbers/ratios for the selected tuplets are hidden. If the property scope was set to Locally, this change only takes effect in the current layout and frame chain. Signposts are shown at the position of each hidden tuplet, that is, tuplets with no numbers/ratios or brackets shown.
Unpitched percussion The term “unpitched percussion” covers all percussion instruments that are not tuned to specific pitches. This includes instruments such as bass drum, guiro, maracas, cymbals, and shakers. Dorico for iPad provides comprehensive support for unpitched percussion notation, with flexible options for combining music for multiple instruments into percussion kits that can then be displayed differently in different layouts.
Unpitched percussion Percussion kits and drum sets NOTE Kit instruments in player cards in the Players panel in Setup mode are colored green, whereas individual percussion instruments not part of percussion kits are colored the same light blue as all other instruments. Percussion kits and drum sets A percussion kit is a collection of unpitched percussion instruments that are played by a single player. Drum sets are a particular type of percussion kit that are often used in pop and rock music.
Unpitched percussion Percussion kits and drum sets Exporting percussion kits You can export percussion kits as .doricolib files. This allows you to use kits again without having to create them from scratch. PROCEDURE 1. In the Players panel in Setup mode, expand the card of the player whose percussion kit you want to export. 2. In the kit instrument label, click the instrument label open the Edit Percussion Kit dialog. 3.
Unpitched percussion Per-flow notation options for unpitched percussion Per-flow notation options for unpitched percussion You can find options for how notes in percussion kits are notated in each flow independently on the Percussion page in Notation Options. For example, you can choose to notate all notes in a percussion kit in a single voice rather than in multiple voices.
Unpitched percussion Notations on notes in percussion kits Notations on notes in percussion kits You can add notations to notes and use different rhythms in percussion kits in the same ways as for normal notes; however, they can behave differently. Articulations You can add articulations to percussion instruments in all kit presentation types in the same ways as for other instruments.
Unpitched percussion Percussion kit presentation types ● Single-line instruments presentation type: Input lyrics directly into instruments in which you want to show stickings.
Unpitched percussion Percussion kit presentation types 5-line staff presentation Grid Kit instruments are shown on a grid, with each instrument on its own line. You can customize the size of the gaps between each line. Staff labels are shown for each instrument in a smaller font than normal staff labels. The numbers down the right-hand side of the editing area in the Edit Percussion Kit dialog correspond to the number of staff spaces between each instrument line.
Unpitched percussion Playing techniques for unpitched percussion instruments but a grid in the percussion part layout, and have two percussion kits with different presentation types in the same full score layout. PROCEDURE 1. 2. Open Layout Options in any of the following ways: ● Press Cmd-Shift-L . ● In the toolbar, click Application Menu and choose Layout Options. In the Layouts list, select the layouts in which you want to change the percussion kit presentation type.
Unpitched percussion Playing techniques for unpitched percussion instruments Changing the playing techniques of unpitched percussion notes on page 893 Exporting percussion kits on page 885 Importing percussion kits on page 885 Playing techniques on page 697 Inputting notes for unpitched percussion on page 162 Input methods for playing techniques, pedal lines, string indicators, and harp pedal diagrams on page 273 Percussion Instrument Playing Techniques dialog The Percussion Instrument Playing Techniques d
Unpitched percussion Playing techniques for unpitched percussion instruments Allows you to define how combinations of articulations and tremolo strokes affect or override the playback of playing techniques. For example, you can define an entirely different playing technique for a playing techniquespecific notehead for when an accent is added to it. 3 Overrides of articulations and tremolos list Displays any overrides of articulations and tremolos you define.
Unpitched percussion Playing techniques for unpitched percussion instruments The Override Percussion Noteheads dialog comprises the following: 1 Instrument name Displays the name of the percussion instrument whose noteheads are listed in the dialog. 2 Playing techniques table Contains the noteheads for the selected percussion instrument, arranged into the following columns: ● Playing Technique: Displays the playing technique associated with the notehead in the corresponding row of the table.
Unpitched percussion Playing techniques for unpitched percussion instruments PROCEDURE 1. In Write mode, select the notes whose playing technique-specific notehead you want to change. NOTE If you select a single note in percussion kits, the current playing technique is shown above the rhythmic grid. It is not shown if you select multiple notes. 2.
Unpitched percussion Playing techniques for unpitched percussion instruments NOTE Leave Notehead set as (Unset) to use the default notehead set. 6. Choose one of the following options for Staff position: ● Below ● Line ● Above RESULT A new playing technique-specific notehead is added to the selected unpitched percussion instrument.
Unpitched percussion Percussion legends Percussion legends Percussion legends list the percussion instruments in use when using the five-line presentation type. Percussion legends can include all instruments that are represented on the staff, or only show sounding instruments in a set range to remind players which instruments to play at certain points. Two sounding instrument percussion legends By default, percussion legends appear above the staff.
Unpitched percussion Percussion legends ● 2. The range of notes/items for which you want to show a percussion legend for sounding instruments. Add a percussion legend in one of the following ways: ● To add a percussion legend for all instruments, click Context Menu toolbar and choose Percussion > Legend for All Instruments. in the secondary ● in the To add a percussion legend only for sounding instruments, click Context Menu secondary toolbar and choose Percussion > Legend for Sounding Instruments.
Unpitched percussion Percussion legends Changing the percussion legend type You can change the type of percussion legends so they show all instruments or only sounding instruments in five-line staff presentations. PROCEDURE 1. Select the percussion legends whose type you want to change. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Legend type in the Percussion Legends group. NOTE The property is already activated for sounding instrument percussion legends. 3.
Unpitched percussion Voices in percussion kits Editing percussion legend text By default, percussion legends show the instrument names of percussion instruments in five-line staff presentations, stacked vertically. You can change the text shown in percussion legends to show custom text. PROCEDURE 1. In Engrave mode, select the percussion legends you want to edit. 2. In the Properties panel, activate Custom text in the Percussion Legends group. 3. Enter the text you want into the value field. 4.
Unpitched percussion Voices in percussion kits Changing the voice of individual notes in percussion kits You can override the default voice for individual notes in percussion kits, including drum sets. PROCEDURE 1. Select the notes whose voice you want to override. You can do this in Write mode and Engrave mode. 2. In the secondary toolbar, click Context Menu [Voice].
Unpitched percussion Universal Indian Drum Notation RESULT The default stem direction and voice of the selected instrument is changed. Universal Indian Drum Notation Dorico for iPad supports the Universal Indian Drum Notation system developed by Keda Music Ltd. Universal Indian Drum Notation has been designed primarily for tabla, but can also be applied to other Indian drums with two heads, such as nagara, dhol, dholak, mridangam, and pakhawaj.
Voices For many instruments, such as flute or trombone, each staff usually contains a single musical line in a single voice that is read from left to right along the staff. When multiple, independent lines must be shown in a single staff, each line can be a separate voice. One common use for showing multiple voices in a single staff is in vocal music, when the soprano and alto lines share a single staff and the tenor and bass lines share another staff.
Voices Per-flow notation options for voices Per-flow notation options for voices You can find options controlling how notes in multiple voices are positioned in each flow independently on the Voices page in Notation Options. The options on this page allow you to change the position and order of notes in multiple-voice contexts, and choose when noteheads in different voices can overlap. Musical examples demonstrate how each option affects the appearance of your music.
Voices Allowing/Disallowing noteheads in opposing voices to overlap RELATED LINKS Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 View Options dialog on page 120 Changing the voice of existing notes on page 341 Swapping the contents of voices on page 342 Stem direction on page 819 Allowing/Disallowing noteheads in opposing voices to overlap You can allow/disallow the noteheads of unison notes in opposing voices to overlap in different contexts in each flow independently.
Voices Note positions in multiple-voice contexts A phrase with multiple voice columns for some beats on the top staff Interlocking notes in different voices can be positioned in two ways: 1. Notehead to notehead, which allows noteheads to overlap partially. This voice order often takes up less horizontal space than positioning notes stem to stem, as notes can overlap. 2. Stem to stem, which does not allow noteheads to overlap. This voice order keeps notes in different voices separate.
Voices Note positions in multiple-voice contexts One voice Two voices vertically Three voices all still aligned in the same vertically aligned voice column Four voices with two voice columns Five voices with two voice columns Swapping the order of voices Dorico for iPad automatically positions notes with the noteheads partially overlapping, in order to minimize the horizontal space they occupy and maintain the clarity of the rhythm.
Voices Unused voices Secondary toolbar (Write mode) on page 118 Changing the voice column of notes You can change the voice column, and therefore the horizontal order, of all notes in selected voices at individual rhythmic positions, independently of your per-flow settings. You can do this for the current layout and frame chain only or for all layouts and frame chains. PREREQUISITE You have chosen the appropriate property scope for local properties. PROCEDURE 1.
Voices Notes crossed to staves with existing notes in other voices Notes crossed to staves with existing notes in other voices When you create cross-staff beams by crossing notes to staves that already contain notes, the stem direction of the existing notes may change. This is due to how multiple voices at the same rhythmic position are handled in Dorico for iPad.
Voices Slash voices You can have multiple slash voices active at the same time. To accommodate all slash voices in multiple-voice contexts, Dorico for iPad changes their staff position automatically. However, you can also change the staff position of rhythm slashes manually.
Voices Slash voices Adding slash voices to percussion kits You can add slash voices to percussion kits, for example, to show the desired rhythm for a passage without specifying the instruments to be played. You can add multiple slash voices to the same kit, including slash voices with and without stems. NOTE Rhythm slashes in percussion kits only appear when the five-line staff presentation is used. They do not appear in grid or single-line instrument presentations. PROCEDURE 1.
Glossary A action The mechanism inside pianos that allows the hammers to strike the strings with different forces, depending on the strength with which the player depresses the corresponding key. It allows pianos to use a greater dynamic range, hence their full name “pianoforte”. anacrusis See pick-up bar. articulation (1) In music notation, symbols that indicate how a note should be played, typically affecting their onset (attack), release, or duration.
Glossary channel In MIDI, a channel determines which note, controller, or other data is played by which sound on which device. In Dorico for iPad, notes on a single staff may be played by different channels, depending on which playing techniques are provided by the patch assigned to each channel. See also MIDI, patch. chord Two or more notes of the same duration that start at the same rhythmic position and share a stem.
Glossary divisi Italian for “divide” or “divided”, divisi is when players split in order to play multiple lines of music. This commonly involves a section, such as Violin I, dividing and using two staves rather than one for a limited passage. Divisi passages can be notated all on the same staff, using multiple voices if required, or across multiple staves. See also tutti, condensing. drum set A particular type of percussion kit that is often used in pop and rock music.
Glossary fermata A notation that indicates all notes at that position are held for longer than their notated length. It is most commonly shown as a curved line with a dot under the curve, but it can also be shown with a pointed arch or square shape. Also known as a “pause” or a “birds’ eye”. flow A self-contained span of music of any scope, such as a movement in a symphony, a song in an album, a number in a musical, or a short exercise in a music theory worksheet.
Glossary H hairpin A notation for dynamics that uses a pair of angled lines, diverging from or converging on a single point, to show a gradual increase or reduction in the dynamic level, that is, a crescendo or diminuendo. half-bar The rhythmic position that divides bars into two equal sections when the prevailing time signatures can be divided into four equal beats. In Dorico for iPad, specific beam grouping and note grouping settings apply to bars with a half-bar.
Glossary instrument transposition The interval difference between the pitch the instrument plays and the resulting sounding pitch, often included as part of the instrument name. For example, when a Clarinet in B♭ plays a C, the pitch produced is a concert B♭. Instrument transposition is also known as “instrument pitch”. See also concert pitch, transposed pitch. item Generic term for any note, rest, chord, notation, or other selectable object that appears in the score in Dorico for iPad.
Glossary minor key A key signature based on a minor scale, which has a different pattern of intervals to a major scale. See also minor scale. minor scale A sequence of notes containing the pitches of a minor key. There are three types of minor scales: natural, harmonic, and melodic. Natural minor scales follow the interval pattern of the Aeolian mode, which on a keyboard is all the white notes from A-A.
Glossary page break The forced termination of a page of music at a particular rhythmic position, typically at a barline. Often used to ensure a convenient page turn in a part. In Dorico for iPad, page breaks can be achieved using frame breaks, which are indicated using signposts. See also system break. page view A viewing option that shows music laid out on a page with a fixed width and height, as it appears when printed. See also galley view.
Glossary the mix, and changing the sounding duration of notes in playback without affecting their notated duration. See also modes. playthrough A single time playing from the beginning of the piece to the end. Music that contains multiple possible endings, such as music with repeat endings or codas, requires multiple playthroughs. plug-in A software program that can operate within another software program. Dorico for iPad supports VST instruments and effects and script plug-ins written in Lua.
Glossary rhythmic grid A unit of rhythmic duration whose value affects certain aspects of inputting and editing, such as the amount by which items move. Its current value is shown by ruler markings indicating beat divisions and subdivisions above the staff on which the caret is active. See also caret. S score See full score, part, project. section player Multiple musicians who all play the same instrument and read from the same part layout, for example, Violin I.
Glossary string shift indicator An angled line that indicates the direction of movement when string players have to shift position on the fingerboard to play a higher/lower note with the same finger as the previous note. stroke The short line that bisects editorial slurs and ties. Also known as a “notch”. SVG SVG stands for Scalable Vector Graphics, which is an XML-based way of displaying and modifying graphics.
Glossary tuplet A rhythm that is performed at a fraction of its normal written duration. For example, a triplet is three notes of a given note value played in the time it would normally take to play two notes of that note value. Also known as an “irrational rhythm” or a “countermetric rhythm”. tutti Italian for “everyone”, tutti indicates that a passage of music is to be played by all players reading from that part or staff.
Index A accidentals (continued) signposts 332 spacing 412 stacking order 411, 412 ties across breaks 410, 846 titles 356 tokens 356 tonality systems 572 transposing 187, 569, 570 trills 624, 625, 628, 630 activating 38, 144 caret 144 chord input 113, 174 dotted notes 113 force duration 113 grace note input 113 Insert mode 113, 160 lock to duration 113 mouse input 113 note input 144, 145, 148 pitch before duration 113 rest input 113 scissors 113 system track 317 tuplet input 113 adagio.
Index alignment (continued) lyrics 573, 582, 584 notes 904, 905, 907. See also voice column index octave line numerals 494 ornaments 619 pedal lines 687 playing techniques 700, 708 repeat endings 740 rests 762 staff labels 107 tempo marks 830 text 290, 361 time signatures 865 trills 620 voices 904, 905, 907. See also voice column index allegretto. See tempo marks allowing. See activating.
Index articulations (continued) inputting 128, 151, 194, 195 inverting 422 jazz.
Index barlines (continued) inputting 219, 221, 222, 224, 225, 427 joins.
Index beaming (continued) staff-relative placement 452 stem direction 452, 458 stemlets. See stemlets tablature 816 ties 171 time signatures 448, 464 tuplets 462 unbeaming 451 beat groups 18, 447, 464 defining 464 numerators 862 specifying 205 ties 839 time signatures 862, 863 beat units 833 deleting beats 220 inputting beats 220 metronome marks 324, 833 setting 215 tempo marks 214 tuplets 180 beats deleting 220, 424 inputting 220, 222 per minute 833 pick-up.
Index breaks frame 391 page 391 system 390 breath marks 561, 562 appearance 324 deleting 333 inputting 244, 246, 247 moving 337, 340, 351 multiple at same position 564 placement 563 position 563 types 324, 562 breves.
Index chord diagrams (continued) fret numbers 485, 486 gaps 482 grid 482 hiding 481, 482 nut 481 omitted strings 481, 486 open strings 481, 486 resetting 486 rows 482 shapes 484–486 showing 481, 482 symbols.
Index chord symbols (continued) regions.
Index context menu 118, 351 continuation caps 712 continuation lines 702, 710 angles 685 caps 706 duration 703 dynamics 498, 511 figured bass 525 gradual dynamics 512 hairpins 502, 512, 513 inputting 273, 277, 279 pedal lines 683, 685, 690–692 playing techniques 702, 705–708 slurs across breaks 775 tempo marks 830, 835, 836 thickness 692, 838 continuation signs 693 lines 712 parentheses 693 playing technique continuation lines 704 text 694 continuous hairpins 513 contrapuntal.
Index cues (continued) rests 136 signposts 332 spacing 393 staves 387 curlew fermata 561 cursor caret 140 chord symbols 236 figured bass 299 fingerings 197 lyrics 294, 579 text 355 curvature direction grace notes 773 guitar bends 326 guitar pre-bends 652 notehead brackets 606, 607 slurs 773, 780, 781, 794 ties 840, 845 curved arpeggio signs 633 duration 637 inputting 250 playback 637 popover 250 custom barline joins 434 chord diagrams 485 ensembles 55, 73 layouts 66 markers 300, 734 note sizes 325 player o
Index default settings (continued) text 362 voice order 136 delay glissando line playback 643 deleting 118, 333, 349, 351 accidentals 409 articulations 420 bar number changes 444 bars 220, 424–426 beams 451 beats 220, 424 brackets 603 centered beams 456 comments 345 empty pages 20 files 41 fingering slides 545 fingerings 537, 538 flow headings 382 flows 98, 101 frame breaks 393 frames 382 groups from percussion kits 88 guitar post-bends 653 guitar pre-bends 653 guitar techniques 666 Insert mode 161 instrum
Index distance (continued) braces 469 brackets 469, 471 chord diagrams 482 noteheads 458 stems 458 system indents 813 text borders 363 distribution bars per system 389 staves per frame 375 systems per frame 389 dives 644, 649, 660 handles 656, 658 inputting 262, 263, 265, 266 moving 351 popover 251 pre-dives. See guitar pre-bends vibrato bar. See vibrato bar. See also guitar bends dividers.
Index double (continued) octaves 181 stems 414, 902. See also voices whole notes 11, 117 doubling instruments 67 adding 79 inputting notes 145, 148 instrument changes 76, 77 labels 803 showing staves 32 down arpeggio signs. See arpeggio signs down-stem voices. See voices downloads 41 dragging 331. See also drawing drop frame timecodes 735 drops. See jazz articulations drum kits. See percussion kits Drum Pads panel 131 drum rolls.
Index dynamics (continued) parentheses 503 percussion kits 888 placement 499 playback 319 poco a poco 510, 515 popover 226, 229 position 499, 500 rfz 506 selecting 314 separators 226, 506 sfz 506 signposts 332, 505 size 325 spacing 516 staff-relative placement 326 subito 509 sustaining instruments 517 text 512 ties 229 types 226, 498 ungrouping 519 unlinking 337, 521 velocity 505 volume 505 Dynamics panel 228, 231 empty bars deleting 426 inputting 222, 223 multi-bar rests 769 rests.
Index enharmonic spelling (continued) notes 169, 183 respelling 128, 183 ensemble picker 55 ensembles 51, 72 adding 55, 72 brackets 44, 467, 468 custom 55, 57, 73 divisi 814 groups. See player groups saving 57, 73 staff grouping 44, 468 templates 43 equal division of the octave 571 equations tempo marks 215, 838 erased backgrounds 364 bar numbers 436 dynamics 503 lines 726 padding 363, 504, 679, 699, 726 playing techniques 699 staff lines 535 string indicators 549 text 364, 726 erasing.
Index fingering (continued) horn branch indicators 546 inputting 197, 198 inside the staff 535 inverting 534 moving 351 MusicXML import 548 parentheses 197, 198, 538, 539 placement 532, 535, 541, 542 popover 197, 198 position 532 pull-offs. See hammer-ons resetting 328 separators 546 showing 537, 539 size 536 slides. See fingering slides slurs 535 staff-relative placement 534 string shift indicators 547, 548 strings 599 substitution 532, 533 tapping.
Index font styles (continued) lyrics 575, 581 playing techniques 700 rhythm slashes 759, 760 time signatures 856, 866 force articulations 419 dynamics 498 figured bass appearance 529, 530 horizontal 725, 880 force duration 113, 153 activating 113 inputting notes with 153 inputting rests with 153 formatting 349 altered unisons 414 arpeggio signs 634, 635 bar numbers 435, 439 caps 706, 720 chord diagrams 485 dynamics 512 front matter 553 glissando lines 640 gradual dynamics 512 hairpins 512 handles 353 instr
Index frame chains music. See music frame chains properties 126–128, 349 frame rates drop frame timecodes 735 non-drop frame timecodes 735 frames 362, 367 breaks 369, 391 dashed 367 flow headings 367, 383, 384 hiding 329 music 385 padding 369 running headers 384 staves 375, 385 systems 375, 385, 389 text 355 tokens 355 frequency bar numbers 435 bar repeat counts 751 harmonics 610 slash region counts 760 timecodes 736 trills 622 Fretboard panel 130 frets 78 adding 90, 166, 486 brackets.
Index grace notes (continued) quantization 191 register 183, 321 size 325, 557 slashes 556, 558, 559 slurs 195, 556, 772, 773 spacing 393 speed 560 stems 556, 558, 559 ties 171, 847 transposing 186 trills 630 types 558 voices 556 gradient background 33 gradual dynamics 498, 511 alignment 501 angles 351, 512 aperture 512 appearance 512 barlines 501, 502 centered text 510 continuation lines 512 continuous hairpins 513 dashed 512 dotted 512 end position 501, 516 flared hairpins 514, 515 handles 322, 512 hyphe
Index guitar (continued) scoops 267, 660 slides 543 string indicators. See string indicators strings 92 strumming 542 tablature. See tablature tapping 272, 661 techniques. See guitar techniques tuning 53, 78, 90, 92 vibrato bar. See vibrato bar guitar bends 644, 649 chords 644, 648 deleting 333 direction 326 dives 649 groups 644, 654 handles 654, 658 hold lines 651 holds 644, 651, 654, 658 inputting 251, 260–262 intervals.
Index guitar techniques (continued) popover 251 staff-relative placement 665 handles (continued) octave lines 495 pedal lines 685 percussion legends 897 playing techniques 700, 703, 707 releases 654, 658 repeat endings 739, 740 selecting 353 slurs 776, 786, 788 stems 823, 872 string indicators 700 tempo marks 830 ties 850, 851, 853 tuplet brackets 878 harmonic analysis.
Index height (continued) notehead brackets 606 pedal lines 685 slurs 793 staves 373–375, 385, 386, 395 systems 374, 375, 395 ties 851, 853 time signatures 856 hemiola forcing note durations 153 independent time signatures 209 Henze fermatas 561 inputting 244, 246, 247 hiding 332, 333, 365 accidentals 409, 410, 417, 613, 625, 653 attachment lines 120 backgrounds 364, 503, 699, 726 bar numbers 120, 435, 437, 438, 442 bar repeat counts 751 bar rests 765, 767, 768 barlines 205, 364, 431, 432, 503, 699, 726, 85
Index hyphens dynamics 226, 506 lyrics 294, 577, 585 tempo marks 836 time signatures 862, 864 hold lines 644, 651 figured bass 322, 525, 526 guitar bends 654 handles 526, 654 hiding 525, 651 length 654 moving 351, 654 showing 525, 651 holds.
Index inputting (continued) bracketed noteheads 603 breath marks 244, 246, 247 caesuras 244, 246, 247 caret 140, 144 centered beams 455 chord diagram shapes 485 chord symbols 232, 236, 237 chords 113, 174 clefs 239–242 comments 344–346 dips 268, 269 dives 262, 263, 265, 266 dynamic modifiers 226, 228, 229, 231, 509 dynamics 226, 228, 229, 231, 509 ensembles 55, 72, 73 fermatas 244, 246, 247 figured bass 295, 296, 299 figured bass hold lines 295, 296, 322, 525 fingerings 197 flows 97 frame breaks 392 glissa
Index instruments (continued) groups. See instrument groups hiding 97, 100 inputting notes 145, 148 key signatures 567–570 labels 32, 76, 77, 105 language 109 MIDI recording 188 moving 82, 96 moving between players 82 muting 132 names. See instrument names non-sustaining 517 numbering 75 order 70, 82, 93 order in percussion kits 88 part layouts.
Index joins (continued) staves with barlines 434 stems 456 jumps inputting 308, 309 repeat 743 justification staves 375, 385, 395 systems 375, 385, 395 vertical 375, 395 inversions chord symbols 238 figured bass 295, 296, 522 inverting 781 articulations 422 beaming 452 figured bass 527 fingerings 534 grace note stems 556 slurs 773, 780, 781 ties 845 tuplets 879 invisible.
Index key signatures (continued) polytonality 202, 203, 566 popover 200, 202 position 202, 568 scales 567 selecting 313, 316, 317 signposts 202, 203, 332, 566 tonality systems 571, 572 transposing 186, 187, 570 transposing instruments 102, 136, 569 types 200, 567 Key Signatures, Tonality Systems, and Accidentals panel 201, 203 Keyboard panel 128 keyboards inputting notes 140 layouts 39 keys major 567 minor 567 signatures. See key signatures transposing 186, 187 kits. See percussion kits kneed beams.
Index left-hand fingering (continued) placement 532 popover 200 position 542 pull-offs. See hammer-ons size 539 slides 543, 545 tapping. See tapping left-hand guitar tapping. See tapping legato note durations 152, 321 playback 796 playing technique. See playing techniques. See also playback techniques slurs 771, 796 legends percussion.
Index lines (continued) playing techniques. See playing technique lines position 713 repeat endings. See repeat endings repeat marker text 745 reversing 721 secondary beams 460 secondary brackets 469, 471 segments 727 size 717 slurs 771, 778 staff-relative placement 715, 716 start position 719 staves 807 string indicators 283, 284, 322 string shift indicators 548 system breaks 712, 727 system dividers.
Index marcato. See articulations margins changing 372 chord diagrams 482 flow headings 383 hiding 329 music frames 385 pages 369, 372 staves 385 tacets 400 mark-up. See comments. See also annotations markers 732 comments. See comments deleting 333 filter 318 hiding 732 inputting 300 moving 337 repeats 301, 743 showing 732 staff 733 staff spacing 374, 395 text 300, 734 vertical position 374, 395, 733 marks rehearsal. See rehearsal marks tempo.
Index meter (continued) time signatures. See time signatures tremolos 868 tuplets 874 metric modulation tuplets 876 metronome marks 826, 833 appearance 827, 828 beat units 214, 324, 833 changing 324, 833 components 827, 828 decimal places 217, 218, 833 equations 215, 838 hiding 832 inputting 213, 217, 218 multiple positions 811 parentheses 827 playback 834 popover 213 range 834 selecting 314 showing 832 values 324, 833 vertical positions 811 mezzo dynamics.
Index moving (continued) string indicators 551, 700, 701 subito 509 tapping 665 text 351, 361 text on lines 723, 724 tremolos 872 tuplets 340, 882 vibrato bar 658, 700 view 330, 331 mp. See dynamics muffed notes. See dead notes multi-bar rests 769, 770 bar numbers 437 barlines 224 hiding 770 showing 770 signposts 332 single bars 770 tacets 398, 399 multi-note tremolos. See tremolos multi-pasting 335, 336 multi-rests.
Index navigation (continued) handles 353 items 329 lyrics popover 294 music area 329 note input 145, 147, 148, 166 notes 329 pages 405 part layouts 30 rhythmic grid 139 Write mode 329 nested slurs 774, 782, 783 tuplets 875 new projects 43 templates 41, 44 niente hairpins 507 changing 508 circle 507 inputting 226, 229, 231 styles 508 text 507 no chord symbols 234 nodes 610 changing 612 non-arpeggio signs. See arpeggio signs non-drop frame timecodes 735 non-power of two time signatures.
Index note spacing 393, 394, 458 accidentals 413 changing 393 copying to other layouts 401 cross-staff beams 458 default 393 galley view 27 grace notes 556 layout options 63, 394 lyrics 394, 573 signposts 332 stems 458 note spelling 183 note tools popover 181 adding notes 181 transposing notes 184 note values. See note durations notehead sets 591, 592, 595 designs 592, 595 ledger lines 598 pitch-dependent 595 scale degree 595 types 591 notehead-attached lines.
Index notes (continued) alignment 500 appearance 126, 349 arpeggio signs. See arpeggio signs articulations 117, 421, 422 auditioning 319, 320 auxiliary 628 beaming 447, 450 brackets. See bracketed noteheads brass fingerings 546 changing pitch 183, 185, 321 chords 174, 176 colors 600, 903 condensing. See condensing copying 335, 336 crossing to other staves 340, 456 custom scale size 325 dead notes 664 deleting 333, 424, 871 deselecting 319 dotted 155, 448, 464 durations 117, 152, 321 dynamics 226, 498.
Index octuplets. See tuplets offsets 351 accidentals 413 fret numbers 485, 486 lyric lines 583 resetting 328 voice columns 905–907 omissions chord diagrams 481, 486 chord symbols 234 open key signatures 568 meter 862, 864 strings.
Index order (continued) lines 714 notes 906, 907 orchestral 70, 82, 93 players 70, 93 playing techniques 701 rehearsal marks 729 repeat markers 744 score 70, 93 string indicators 701 voices 136, 903, 905 orientation changing 371 printing 46 ornaments 618 acciaccaturas. See grace notes accidentals 618, 630 alignment 619 appoggiaturas. See grace notes changing 324 deleting 333 filter 318 inputting 248, 249, 253, 254 interval 618 jazz 668.
Index pages background color 33 breaks. See frame breaks changing view 32 color 32 dragging 331 formatting 553 frames. See frames fullness 373, 375, 386 hiding empty staves 377 layouts 366, 369, 389 margins 369, 372, 385 master pages 366, 369 multiple flows 380 numbers. See page numbers orientation 371 rectangles. See frames templates 366 text tokens 355 total number 358 turns.
Index pauses (continued) staff-relative placement 563 types 244, 561 PDF files exporting 48 key commands 36 layout numbers 103 layouts 48 pedal level changes 684 removing 686 pedal lines 683 alignment 687 appearance 690, 691, 694, 695 changing 324 continuation lines 683, 690–692 dashed 691 dashes 692 deleting 333 duration 695 Engrave mode 685 filter 318 formatting 690–692 gaps 692 grace notes 687 handles 685 harp pedaling.
Index percussion legends (continued) text 899 types 896, 898 percussion maps note input 164 percussion stickings 887 performance instructions 366, 553 period 11 dynamics 509 lyrics 577 rhythm dots 113, 155 subito 509 phrases bar repeats 324, 749 chord symbol regions 476 slurs 771 phrygian chord symbols 234, 478 piano depressed notes. See bracketed noteheads dynamics. See dynamics hand marks. See lines level changes 684, 686 pedal lines.
Index playback (continued) grace notes 560 guitar bends 644 harmonics 610–612 hiding notes 757 jazz articulations 667 legato 796 mixer 132 muting 132 notes 319, 320 ossia staves 809 pauses 561 pedal lines 695 percussion 890–893 preferences 34 recording notes 190 slashes 341, 757, 908 slurs 195, 796 soloing 132 tempo 833–835 tempo equations 838 trills 630, 631 vibrato bar dives and returns 649 volume 132, 319 played duration slurs 796 player cards 51 disclosure arrows 30 player groups 51, 93 adding players
Index playing techniques (continued) duration 322, 703, 705, 708 erased backgrounds 699 filter 318 font 697 frame breaks 700 grouping 702, 707, 708 guitar. See guitar techniques. See also vibrato bar handles 700, 703, 707 harmonics. See harmonics hiding 700 inputting 273, 277, 279 length 322, 351, 700, 702 lines.
Index position (continued) instruments in percussion kits 88 items 126, 328, 349 jazz articulations 669 key signatures 568 lines 713 new items 138 notes in multiple-voice contexts 904 octave lines 494 order 495 pauses 563 pedal lines 687 resetting 328 slurs 771, 774, 780 string indicators 551 time signatures 856 trill intervals 630 tucking index 495 vertical order 495 possibile. See dynamic modifiers post-bends. See guitar post-bends pre-bends. See guitar pre-bends pre-dives.
Index register changing 183, 184, 187, 321 clefs 241, 242, 488, 491, 492 note input 147 octave lines 243, 244, 493 transposing 184, 491, 492 rehearsal marks 728 barlines 728 deleting 333 enclosures 728 filter 318 index 729 inputting 299 moving 337, 351 multiple positions 728, 811, 812 order 729 placement 728 position 728 prefixes 731 selecting 313, 316, 317 sequences 729, 730 size 325 staff-relative placement 728 suffixes 731 tempo marks 728 types 730 vertical positions 811 relative tempo changes 827 value
Index resetting (continued) background color 33 bar numbers 444, 445 beaming 450, 453, 456, 461 chord diagrams 486 chord symbols 479 cross-staff beaming 456 figured bass 530 fingering slides 544 fingerings 542 instrument names 107, 109 items 327, 328 key commands 39 layout names 105 mute states 132 page color 32 player names 105 position 328, 495 secondary beams 461 solo states 132 staff labels 109 staves 377, 378 stems 823 tempo 827 trill intervals 628 voice order 907 resolution rhythmic grid 139 respelli
Index rests (continued) showing 766–768, 770 voices 762, 764, 765, 768 retakes. See pedal retakes retrieving. See recovering. See also retrospective recording retrospective recording 190 reverse lines 721 reverting. See resetting reviewing comments 343 rfz. See dynamics rhythm locking 185 requantizing 190 slashes.
Index saving 41 audio 47 chord diagram shapes 485 custom ensembles 57 ensembles 57 instrument names as default 107 layout options as default 63 MIDI files 47 MusicXML files 48 notation options as default 136 PDF files 48 percussion kits 885 played notes 190 players 57 scale degrees chord symbols 232 Nashville numbers 233 noteheads 595 scale size barlines 429, 430 chord diagrams 482 cues 393, 394 fingerings 536, 539 grace notes 393, 394, 555, 557 note spacing 393, 394 notes 325 printing 46 staves 386–388, 3
Index Setup mode (continued) panels 28, 50, 51, 58, 60 percussion 83 player groups 93 players. See players signposts 332 switching 50 sextuplets. See tuplets sfz. See dynamics shakes. See jazz ornaments shape bar number enclosures 436 beaming 455, 460, 463 chord diagrams 480, 484–486 guitar bends 654, 656–658 multi-segment slurs 788 notehead brackets 606, 607 noteheads 592, 595 slurs 775, 776, 786, 788, 790, 791, 794 ties 850 tuplet brackets 878–880 share 23, 46, 48 sharing staves. See condensing.
Index size (continued) staves 63, 373, 386, 387 system objects 373, 387 time signatures 860, 861 unit of measurement 34 slants beams 453, 560 pedal line hooks 691 slash notation 754 slash regions 754 beaming 759 chord symbols 474, 476, 754 counts 759, 760 deleting 333 filter 318 font style 750 handles 322 hiding other notes 757 hiding rests 757 highlights 754 inputting 311 length 322 moving 337, 340, 756 moving counts 351 multiple 755 overlapping 755 parentheses 760 placement 761 popover 303 rests 757 show
Index slashes (continued) tremolos. See tremolo strokes voices. See slash voices slides fingerings. See fingering slides pitch. See glissando lines. See also pitch bends slight bends. See guitar bends slur segments 786, 788 number 787 slurs 697, 771, 841 angles 775, 791 arpeggio signs.
Index spacing (continued) cues 393 frets 90 galley view 27 grace notes 393 gradual dynamics 516 layout options 63 lyrics 394, 582–584 notes. See note spacing percussion kits 89 rehearsal marks 728 staves 374, 385, 395 stems 458 systems 385 tacets 400 voice columns 905–907 speech bubbles comments. See comments speed arpeggio signs 637 beaming.
Index staff text 354 alignment 361 formatting 290, 291 hiding 365 inputting 289 moving 351, 361 padding 363 showing 365 signposts 332 staff-relative placement articulations 422 bar numbers 441 beaming 452 changing 326 cue labels 326 dynamics 326, 499 figured bass 527 fingering 541 fingerings 534, 535 guitar bends 326 guitar pre-bends 652 hammer-ons 665 harmonics 616 left-hand fingerings 542 lines 715, 716 lyrics 588, 589 octave lines 326, 494 ornaments 326 pedal lines 687 percussion legends 326 playing tec
Index staves (continued) size. See staff size slurs 782, 785 slurs linking 337 spacing. See staff spacing splitting 308, 309, 743 staff labels. See staff labels stem length 823 string indicators. See string indicators system breaks 390 system dividers 809, 810 system objects 811, 812 tablature 815, 816 tacets 398 tempo marks 811 text 289, 811 ties 171, 840, 847 time signatures 208–211, 811, 855, 861, 865 timecodes 733, 735, 736 transposing instruments 78 vertical spacing.
Index strings (continued) chord diagrams 481, 486 deleting 90 fingering 539, 599. See also string indicators fretted instruments 53, 78, 90 hammer-ons. See hammer-ons harmonics 610 indicators. See string indicators notes out of range 600, 817 numbers. See string indicators pull-offs. See hammer-ons resetting 817 slurs. See hammer-ons tapping.
Index system breaks (continued) dynamics 512 glissando lines 642 hairpins 512 hiding staves 377 inserting 391 lines 712, 727 octave lines 495 playing technique lines 704 playing techniques 700 repeat endings 740 signposts 332, 390 slurs 775 staff labels 800 staff spacing 374 staff visibility 377 ties 846 system dividers 809 hiding 810 showing 810 width 810 system formatting copying to other layouts 401 system objects 811 layouts 811 positions 812 rehearsal marks 728 repeat endings 738, 740 repeat markers 7
Index tempo marks (continued) beat units 214, 324, 833 changing 324, 828, 831, 833 components 827, 828 continuation lines 826, 835, 836 dashes 837 decimal places 217, 218, 833 deleting 333 equations. See tempo equations filters 318 formatting 836–838 gaps 837 gradual tempo changes 215, 827, 835 handles 322, 830 hiding 832 hyphens 836 inputting 213, 215, 217, 218 integers 217, 218 length 322, 351, 830 metronome marks.
Index text (continued) flow titles 111 formatting 41, 290, 364 glissando lines 641 hiding 365 horizontal 725 horizontal alignment 361 inputting 289, 722 lines 712, 722–726 lyrics 577, 579, 580 markers 300, 732, 734 moving 337, 351, 361 multiple positions 811, 812 overlapping 362 padding 363, 726 paragraph styles 364 pedal lines 693–695 percussion legends 899 playing techniques 697, 698 rehearsal marks 728 repeat endings 741 repeat markers 744, 745 resetting 362 showing 365 signposts 332, 365 staff-relative
Index ties (continued) style 842, 843 system breaks 846 tablature 839 tie chains. See tie chains time signature changes 847 time signatures 839 tremolos 869, 870 voices 840, 845 width 850 TIFF files layout numbers 103 time inserting 222–224 latency 188, 192 markers 732 rhythmic position 19 signatures. See time signatures time and date. See date and time time bars.
Index tonality systems 571 custom. See custom tonality systems octave divisions 571 panel 203 tones intervals. See whole steps. See also pitch microtones. See microtones. See also quarter tones tongue clicks. See playing techniques toolbar 23, 118, 351 hiding 23 secondary 118, 351 transport options 23, 24 workspace options 23 toolboxes 29 Notations 112, 121 Notes 112, 113 tools 29 arranging. See arranging timecodes 735 touched pitch 610 harmonics 614 tracks key editor 134 system.
Index tuplet brackets (continued) length 351, 878 moving 351 showing 879 tuplet numbers 881 appearance 881 hiding 881 horizontal position 882 tuplet ratios. See tuplet numbers tuplets 874 accidentals 168 appearance 879, 881 articulations 194, 421 barlines 877 beams 462, 878 beat units 180 brackets.
Index types (continued) caesuras 244, 563 caret 140 chord symbols 232, 473 clefs 240 dynamics 226, 498 enclosures 436 fermatas 244, 561 fingerings 198, 546 glissando lines 251 grace notes 558 holds 244, 561 jazz articulations 250, 667–669 key signatures 200 lines 710, 712 lyrics 293, 575, 576 notehead sets 591 noteheads 592, 595 notes 117 octave lines 240, 493 ornaments 249, 668 pauses 244, 561 pedal lines 275, 683 percussion legends 898 playing technique lines 704, 706 playing techniques 273, 697 rehearsa
Index V vertical position (continued) text 326, 362, 811 ties 840 time signatures 811, 860, 861, 865 timecodes 733, 735 tremolos 869 trills 619 vertical spacing bracketed noteheads 603, 606 chord diagrams 482 lyrics 583 ossia staves 809 percussion kits 89 staves. See staff spacing systems. See system spacing tacets 400 vertical stacking order. See stacking order vibrato.
Index voices (continued) slash regions 757 slashes 158, 341, 755, 908, 909 slurs 774, 780, 782 stem direction 819, 822, 899, 900, 902, 908 swapping contents 342 swapping order 906 switching between 157 ties 171, 845, 847 volta lines. See repeat endings volume channel meters 132 dynamics 498, 505 mixer 132 view options (continued) system track 317 tabs 30 time signature signposts 866 types 27 voices 902, 903 zoom 331 vivace. See tempo marks vocal scores.
Index Z width (continued) keys 128 ledger lines 597 line borders 725 note durations 393. See also note spacing notehead brackets 607 noteheads 594 system dividers 810 systems 385 text borders 363, 725 ties 850 wiggly lines 639, 667, 710 glissando lines 639, 640 hiding 705 inputting 255–260, 287 jazz articulations 250, 253, 259, 260, 667, 670 playing techniques 706 showing 703, 705, 720 trills 622, 623 wildcards.
