QPHY-USB USB Serial Data Operator’s Manual Revision F – March, 2011 Relating to the Following Release Versions: • Software Option Rev. 5.7 • USB Script Rev. 1.5 • Style Sheet Rev. 1.
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QPHY-USB Software Option TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 6 Device tests ................................................................................................................................................................ 6 Host tests ..................................................................................................................................................
Host Full-Speed Downstream Signal Quality ........................................................................................................... 55 Inrush current ........................................................................................................................................................... 57 Hub Down Stream Low-Speed Signal Quality..........................................................................................................
QPHY-USB Software Option Figure 39. Hub upstream repeater end of packet dribble .................................................................................. 38 Figure 40. Hub upstream repeater delay ............................................................................................................. 39 Figure 41. Hub and Device Fixture Connections for Downstream Repeater Test ........................................... 40 Figure 42. Hub downstream repeater delay ...............................
INTRODUCTION QPHY-USB is an automated test package that performs all the required tests from the USB-IF for physical layer compliance of USB2.0 hosts, hubs, and devices. The package contains software that runs within the LeCroy WavePro 7000A series, WaveMaster, SDA, WaveRunner 6000A or WaveRunner Xi series of X-Stream digitizing oscilloscopes, and an optional pair of test fixtures for coupling into the electrical USB signals.
QPHY-USB Software Option Hub tests • HS Signal Quality (Upstream/Downstream) • HS Upstream Packet Parameters • HS Upstream Chirp Timing • HS Upstream Suspend / Resume / Reset • HS Disconnect • HS J and K Voltages (Upstream/Downstream) • HS Upstream Repeater • HS Downstream Repeater • HS Upstream Receiver Sensitivity • FS Signal Quality (Upstream/Downstream) • LS Signal Quality (Upstream/Downstream) • Inrush current • Drop • Droop • Back-Voltage In the previous tests, the J and
Equipment list USB testing requires a number of probes and additional USB devices. The High-Speed receiver sensitivity test requires a digital pattern generator.
QPHY-USB Software Option USB Test Fixture The USB test fixture (TF-USB-B) is required to perform compliance tests. The fixture consists of several sections designed to allow connection to the electrical signal under test. Each section is marked on the fixture, and the ports on each section are also labeled. The section and port(s) to use for a given test are called out in the procedure on the instrument display and in this manual. Figure 1. USB 2.
Figure 2.
QPHY-USB Software Option The fixture requires a 5 V power supply for operation. The fixture can be supplied from either a DC adapter or USB port and is selectable from a jumper on the fixture. When the jumper is placed over pins 2 and 3, the power is supplied from the USB port (default setting); when placed over pins 1 and 2, the power is supplied from the DC adapter. The following figure shows the jumper set so the board receives power from the USB port. Figure 3.
QualiPHY Compliance Test Platform QualiPHY is LeCroy’s unique compliance test framework which leads the user through the compliance tests. QualiPHY displays connection diagrams to ensure tests run properly, automates the oscilloscope setup, and generates full compliance reports. QPHY-USB (DSO option) can be used without QualiPHY if each compliance test is executed manually. However, QualiPHY makes QPHY-USB easy and fast. QualiPHY is designed to use the TF-USB-B test fixture.
QPHY-USB Software Option See the QualiPHY Operator’ s Manual for more information on how to use the QualiPHY framework. Figure 6.
INSTALLATION Oscilloscope Option Key Installation An option key must be purchased to enable the QPHY-USB option. Call LeCroy Customer Support to place an order and receive the code. Enter the key and enable the purchased option as follows: 1. From the oscilloscope menu select Utilities Utilities Setup... 2. Select the Options tab and click the Add Key button. 3. Enter the Key Code using the on-screen keyboard. 4. Restart the oscilloscope to activate the option after installation.
QPHY-USB Software Option QualiPHY tests the oscilloscope connection after clicking the Start button. The system prompts you if there is a connection problem. QualiPHY’s Scope Selector function can also be used to verify the connection. Please refer to the QualiPHY Operator’s Manual for explanations on how to use Scope Selector and other QualiPHY functions. Accessing the QPHY-USB Software using QualiPHY This topic provides a basic overview of QualiPHY’s capabilities.
4. Click the Configuration button in the QualiPHY main menu: 5. Select a configuration from the pop-up menu: Figure 8. QualiPHY configuration selection menu 6. Click Start. 7. Follow the pop-up window prompts.
QPHY-USB Software Option Customizing QualiPHY The predefined configurations in the Configuration screen cannot be modified. However, you can create your own test configurations by copying one of the standard test configurations and making modifications. A description of the test is also shown in the description field when selected. Figure 9.
Once a custom configuration is defined, script variables and the test limits can be changed by using the Variable Setup and Limits Manager from the Edit/View Configuration window. Figure 10.
QPHY-USB Software Option QPHY-USB Operation After pressing Start in the QualiPHY menu, the software instructs how to set up the test using pop-up connection diagrams and dialog boxes. QualiPHY also instructs how to properly configure the USB-IF HS Electrical Test Toolkit to change test signal modes (when necessary). Figure 11. Start button Figure 12. Example of pop-up message box Figure 13.
USB-IF Test Scripts The test package uses USB-IF written test scripts specifically made to analyze test data acquired by the oscilloscope. These scripts are also released by the USB-IF as a stand-alone program called the USB Electrical Analysis Tool (USBET). Test Bed Computer A host computer with a USB2.0 controller card is required to place the device under test (DUT) into the necessary test modes.
QPHY-USB Software Option MATLAB Effective with X-Stream version 4.3.1, the LeCroy USB2.0 test suite requires the installation of the MATLAB Component Runtime even if there is a full installation of the MATLAB software already on the machine. The MATLAB Component Runtime can be downloaded from: http://www.lecroy.com/goto/MatlabInstaller/ UU UU Note: MATLAB scripts are used to perform signal quality and inrush tests.
The following image shows a USB device (camera) connected to the SQ Device section of the test fixture (left), while the host cable is connected to input J24 (right). USB Device Under Test From USB Host Power Supplied from USB Host Figure 16. USB camera connected to the Signal Quality section Step 2 - Connects the 2 SMA cables between the oscilloscope and the test fixture: Figure 17.
QPHY-USB Software Option Figure 18. Two SMA Cables Connected to the Test Fixture Some of the tests require a differential probe connected to the test fixture. The following image shows a typical differential probe hookup. Figure 19.
Some of the tests require an active single-ended probe hookup. The following image shows a typical single-ended probe hookup. Note: Make sure the lower tip socket of the probe is connected to the ground pin of the test fixture. Figure 20. Single-ended Probe Connection Example Step 3 - Sets up the HS Electrical Test Tool that generates the test signal: Figure 21.
QPHY-USB Software Option Figure 22. HS Electrical Test Tool Setup for Device High-Speed Signal Quality HIGH-SPEED SIGNAL QUALITY Host and Hub Downstream High-Speed Signal Quality 1. Select Host or Hub in the Mode control and HS Downstream Signal Quality in the Test control of the USB Test Wizard. 2. Follow the instructions on the right side of the menu. The port under test is connected to the SQ Host section of the Test Fixture shown as follows. 3.
Figure 24. Host High-Speed Downstream Signal Quality Analysis Device and Hub Upstream High-Speed Signal Quality Select the appropriate mode (device or hub) and test (HS Upstream Signal Quality) in the USB test wizard. The device or hub upstream port is connected to the host computer through the SQ Device section of the Test Fixture. Note: Select Device HS Upstream NE Signal Quality for a device without a captive cable. Select Device HS Upstream FE Signal Quality for a device with a captive cable.
QPHY-USB Software Option Figure 25.
HIGH-SPEED PACKET PARAMETERS Packet parameters represent timing measurements of the communications between host, hub, and device. USB 2.0 transmits data in bi-directional packets. The timing of these packets is critical for proper communication. The sync field at the start of the packet, the width of the EOP (end of packet), and the inter-packet timing is measured in this test. Select Host, Hub, or Device in the Mode control and HS Packet Param in the Test control of the USB Test Wizard.
QPHY-USB Software Option HOST HIGH-SPEED CHIRP TIMING A High-Speed USB port must also be compatible with Full-Speed operation (12 Mb/s). High-Speed operation is detected using the K and J chirp sequences. Full-Speed operation uses a higher impedance load. When a HS capable host asserts a reset, an HS capable device must respond with the Chirp K to signal HS support. The Host then responds with a Chirp J/K sequence to also signal HS support. This test measures the timing and voltages of the HS handshake.
Figure 28.
QPHY-USB Software Option Figure 29. Chirp to Start of Frame Time Device and Hub High-Speed Chirp Timing 1. Select Device or Hub in the Mode control and HS Chirp Timing in the Test control of the USB Test Wizard. 2. Follow the instructions in the wizard menu to acquire the chirp timing waveform.
Figure 30.
QPHY-USB Software Option HIGH-SPEED SUSPEND RESUME RESET TIMING Host High-Speed Suspend Resume Reset Timing 1. Select Host in the Mode control and HS Suspend Resume Reset in the USB Test Wizard. 2. Follow the instructions on the screen to acquire the suspend and reset timing waveforms as follows: Figure 31.
Device or Hub High-Speed Suspend Resume Reset Timing The Suspend Resume Reset test measures the timing of the Suspend Resume and Reset actions as well as the operating voltage of the device. The voltage upon resuming high-speed operation should be between 360 mV and 440 mV. The voltage measurement is intended to verify entering High-Speed mode.
QPHY-USB Software Option HOST AND HUB DISCONNECT Figure 33. Host Disconnect Section of Test Fixture 1. Select Host or Hub in the Mode control and HS Disconnect in the Test control of the USB Test Wizard. 2. Follow the instructions in the USB Test Wizard to acquire and measure the disconnect voltages. The Disconnect Detected message is read from the USB-IF HS Electrical Test Tool dialog box. The traces for normal and disconnect appears as follows: Figure 34.
Figure 35. Voltage after disconnect Note: The Host trace is shown (previous). Hub downstream ports may vary slightly.
QPHY-USB Software Option HUB HIGH-SPEED UPSTREAM REPEATER Figure 36. Hub and Device Fixture Connections for Upstream Repeater Test 1. Select Hub in the Mode control and HS Upstream Repeater in the Test control of the USB Test Wizard. Note: Longer cables and/or adapters may be used to ease connection of Mini-B and Micro-B connectors. 2. Follow the instructions in the USB Test Wizard to acquire the waveforms as shown: Figure 37.
Figure 38. Hub upstream repeater sync field truncation and corruption The two zoom traces are adjusted using the front panel Zoom controls so their end of packet pulses (the wide negative pulse on the far right) are overlaid and placed at the right edge of the display. Figure 39. Hub upstream repeater end of packet dribble The USB 2.0 specification allows the end of packet (EOP) field at the output of a hub to be up to 4 bits shorter than the input.
QPHY-USB Software Option Figure 40. Hub upstream repeater delay The measured time delay between input and output sync fields should be less than 36 bits plus 4 ns (< 79 ns). The 4 ns are added to account for the delay through the fixture.
HUB HIGH-SPEED DOWNSTREAM REPEATER To hub upstream port To host computer To hub downstream port To certified High-Speed device Figure 41. Hub and Device Fixture Connections for Downstream Repeater Test 1. Select Hub in the Mode control and HS Downstream Repeater in the Test control in the USB Test Wizard. Note: Longer cables and/or adapters may be used to ease connection of Mini-B and Micro-B connectors. 2. Follow the instructions in the USB Test Wizard to acquire the waveforms as shown: Figure 42.
QPHY-USB Software Option Figure 43. Hub downstream repeater sync field truncation and corruption The USB 2.0 specification allows the synchronization field at the output of a hub to be up to 4 bits shorter than the input. Figure 44. Hub downstream repeater end of packet dribble The USB 2.0 specification allows the end of packet (EOP) field at the output of a hub to be up to 4 bits shorter than the input.
RECEIVER SENSITIVITY The receiver sensitivity is measured for devices and the upstream ports of hubs. Receiver sensitivity is measured by applying a signal from a data generator to the input of the device or hub and observing the response of the device or hub. The data generator is setup to transmit IN packets to be acknowledged by the device or hub. The sensitivity is determined by reducing the level of the signal from the data generator and observing when the DUT no longer responds.
QPHY-USB Software Option 5. From the HS Electrical Test Tool - Device Command menu, select TEST_SE0_NAK from the Device Command drop down menu. Click EXECUTE once to place the device into TEST_SE0_NAK test mode. Figure 46. Use Device Command drop down list of HS Electrical Test Tool 6. Place the TEST/INIT on the Test Fixture to the TEST position. This switches in the data generator in place of the host controller. The data generator emulates the “IN” packets from the host controller. 7.
8. Now load the “IN_ADD1” waveform into the generator (see Appendix A for details). The generator amplitude should be set to the 400 mV. This generates IN tokens with a full 32 bit sync and nominal amplitude. 9. Verify that there is a response packet (NAK) for all packets sent from the data generator, as in step 7. 10. Reduce the amplitude of the data generator packets in small steps while monitoring the response from the device on the oscilloscope.
QPHY-USB Software Option 13. Now further reduce the amplitude of the packet from the data generator in small steps, still maintaining balance between the outputs until the receiver just ceases to respond with NAK. This is the squelch level of the receiver. 14. Measure the Zero-to-Positive Peak and Negative Peak of the packet from the data generator, using the method described in steps 11 and 12.
FULL AND LOW-SPEED TESTS All HS-capable devices, hosts, and hubs must support Full-Speed (12 Mb/s) data rates. Compliance testing requires this rate be tested along with the High-Speed (480 Mb/s) rate. Full-Speed compliance requires both interoperability and electrical tests. The LeCroy USB 2.0 test solution addresses the electrical test requirements for Full-Speed operation. These tests include signal quality, inrush current, and droop/drop.
QPHY-USB Software Option The first 4 items in the previous list are contained within the LeCroy Test Fixtures. The following figure shows the sections of the fixtures used for these tests. Current Loop for Inrush Tests Signal Quality Fixtures (SQIDD) Droop Test Red Squares Indicate Load Connectors. Switch Position Selects 100 or 500 mA Load. Figure 50.
Hub and Host Drop Test Note: The drop test is performed using a voltmeter and the test fixture alone. The oscilloscope is not used for this test. The drop test is not contained in the USB Test Wizard. Set up the voltmeter to measure the voltage drop across the loads, as shown in the following figure. Attach all the output ports of the hub or host to any of the loads on the Test Fixture. Make sure the three position switches on each load are in the center (off) position before connecting the cables.
QPHY-USB Software Option Bus-powered Hubs 1. Switch the loads to the 100 mA position one at a time and verify that the voltage is above 4.4 V. 2. Repeat as necessary for all ports of the hub. VDROP = VUPSTREAM – VDOWNSTREAM Where VUPSTREAM = VBUS at a hub’s upstream connection And VDOWNSTREAM = VBUS at one of the hub’s downstream ports Test Criteria Section 7.2.2 of the USB 2.0 specification requires self-powered downstream USB ports to provide a VBUS between 4.75 and 5.
Droop Test Equipment setup: Figure 52. Hub Droop Test Equipment Setup Figure 53.
QPHY-USB Software Option Remaining Loads are connected to the remaining downstream ports. Test Steps 1. Select Host or Hub in the Mode control and Droop in the Test control of the USB Test Wizard. Follow the instructions in the test wizard to acquire the droop waveform as shown: Figure 54. Droop voltage waveform 2. Connect port 1 (port under test) of the hub or host under test to the Trigger section B socket (J25) of the Test Fixture using a short cable.
Test Results Bus-powered Hub Load type 100 mA Self-powered Hub/System 500 mA Laptop Battery powered Self powered __100__500 mA 500 mA VNL VLOADED VUPSTREAM VDOWNSTREAM VDROP VDROOP Less than 330 mV Reporting Results No Load Voltage: passing values are from 4.75 to 5.25 V Loaded Voltage: passing values are from 4.75 to 5.25 V Upstream Voltage: passing values are from 4.40 to 5.25 V Downstream Voltage: passing values are from 4.75 to 5.
QPHY-USB Software Option Host Low-Speed Downstream Signal Quality 1. Set up the equipment as shown in the following figure. 2. Select Host in the Mode control and LS Downstream Signal Quality in the Test control of the USB Test Wizard. 3. Use the SQ Device section of the Test Fixture as the SQiDD in the following figure. Ensure the TEST/INIT switch is in the INIT position. The best method to capture and analyze Low-Speed downstream signal quality is to capture both a keep-alive (Low-Speed EOP) and a packet.
5. Press the Next button in the USB Test Wizard once the proper packet is captured. The MATLAB analysis script is executed and the signal quality eye pattern is displayed. Figure 56.
QPHY-USB Software Option Host Full-Speed Downstream Signal Quality 1. Connect the system as shown in the following figure. 2. Select Host and FS Downstream Signal Quality in the USB Test Wizard on the oscilloscope. 3. Plug a Full-Speed (or High-Speec) device into the last hub and verify enumeration. If the device fails to enumerate, this could be due to low receiver sensitivity. Remove the last hub in the chain and repeat the enumeration.
Figure 58.
QPHY-USB Software Option Inrush current Inrush current is generated by devices when they are connected to a hub or host. Self-powered devices should have negligible inrush current. So, this test normally does not indicate any inrush current for such devices. Inrush is measured using the Inrush section of the test fixture. The arrow on the current probe must point in the same direction as the arrow on the Test Fixture.
Hub Down Stream Low-Speed Signal Quality 1. Set up the equipment as follows. The hub is tested at tier 5 (at the end of a chain of four hubs) connected to a device at tier 6. The first hub in the chain should be a USB Full-Speed hub. The chain of hubs is intended to test the receiver sensitivity of the hub. 2. Start the USB High-Speed Electrical Test Tool, select Device, and then press Test. Press Enumerate Bus and verify the hub under test appears in the Select Device window. 3.
QPHY-USB Software Option Hub Full-Speed Downstream Signal Quality 1. Set up the equipment as follows. The hub is tested at tier 5 (at the end of a chain of 4 hubs) connected to a device at tier 6. The first hub in the chain should be a USB Full-Speed hub. The chain of hubs is intended to test the receiver sensitivity of the hub. Figure 61. Hub Full-Speed Downstream Signal Quality Setup 1. Start the USB High-Speed Electrical Test Tool, select Device, and then press Test. 2.
Figure 62.
QPHY-USB Software Option Device and Hub Full-Speed Upstream Signal Quality Test Upstream signal quality is tested for both hubs and devices and at both Full- and Low-Speed. USB 2.0 devices require only the Full-Speed mode to be tested. The following setup is used in all cases (Full-Speed setup is shown, Low-Speed is similar). The device or hub under test is connected to the last hub in the chain through the Inrush section of the Test Fixture.
Device and Hub Full- or Low-Speed Upstream Signal Quality Test 1. Start the USB High-Speed Electrical Test Tool, select Device and then press Test. 2. Press Enumerate Bus and verify that the hub or device under test appears in the Select Device window. If the hub or device under test fails to enumerate, remove Full-Speed hubs one at a time from the end of the chain until it does. The number of hubs between the host and the device under test plus one is the tier at which the enumeration takes place. 3.
QPHY-USB Software Option TF-USB-B TEST AND CALIBRATION PROCEDURES This topic describes the procedures to deskew, or calibrate the TF-USB-B connection cables. Cable Deskewing The following procedure demonstrates how to deskew two oscilloscope channels and cables using the differential data signal, with no need for any “T” connector or adapters. This can be done once the temperature of the oscilloscope is stable. The oscilloscope must be warmed up for at least a half-hour before proceeding.
In the previous procedure, we used the default setup of the Skew parameter (which is detecting positive edges on both signals at 50%). We also inverted C3 in order to make C2 and C3 both have positive edges at the same time. Alternately, we clearly could have not inverted C3 and instead selected the Skew clock 2 tab in the P1 parameter menu and set the oscilloscope to look for negative edges on the second input (C3).
QPHY-USB Software Option APPENDIX A Receiver Sensitivity Test Waveform Setup This section describes the characteristics of the required waveforms used for device or hub receiver sensitivity testing. Either a two channel pattern generator, such as the Agilent 81130A, or a two channel arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) can be used. Two Tabor WW1281A one channel AWG can also be used with a specific synchronization cable.
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 CH1 (D+) 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 CH2 (D-) 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 CH1 (D+) 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 CH2 (D-) 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 CH1 (D+) 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CH2 (D-) 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
